TheEARLY

SETLERS

They moved from the

Asian mainland through

the land bridges that were

in existence during Ice

Age

They were small about 4

feet tall, black-skinned,

kinky hair, rounded black

eyes and flat noses.

They gathered wild fruits,

went hunting and catching

fishes with their crude

elements. They have no

fixed home

They travelled to the islands

by crossing the seas on

boats.

They were tall and slender,

fair-skinned, broad

foreheads. They had thin

lips, high-bridged noses,

deep set eyes and thin faces

They knew how to farm using kaingin system.

Their houses were made up of wood and cogon and their tools

were made from stones.

They used fire to cook

their foods. They

domesticated cows,

goats, pigs.

They sailed through boats

called balangay.

They were average in height,

well-built bodies and brown

complexion they had straight

black hair and flat noses.

They planted crops and

raised animals for their foods.

They knew how to make

weapons, utensils and farm

implements.

This group began to live

together They learned the

values of cooperation,

friendliness and

neighborliness. The possession

of houses, farms, and animals

gave them the idea of

ownership.

Material

The ancient houses were built of bamboo wood and nipa palm. They were built high above the ground.

The lower part of the house were enclosures where fowls and pigs were reared.

Batalan is a part of the house where bathing and washing are done

Silid is a part of the house where mats, pillows and basets of rice were kept.

Among the Ilongots, Kalingas and Mandayas, houses were built on treetops.

The Badjaos of Sulu made their houses on their boats.

For MEN For WOMEN

bahag

kangan (jacket with

short sleeve)

red for chief

black or blue for

lower ranks

putong

the color of the

putong shows the nuumber

of persons the wearer had

killed.

saya or patadyong

in Visayans

Tapis is a red or

white cloth usually

wrapped around

the waist or chest

Tattooing for women

made them beautiful while

it is used for war’s record

for men.

The Spaniards called the

Visayans pintados.

The women wore

kalumbiga, pendants,

rings, earrings, leglets

and bracelets and fillings

of gold between teeth.

They planted rice. Rivers and seas were the

sources of various fishes and other sea foods

They have their native wines from distilled rice, sugarcane, palm trees and coconuts.

Coconut shells were their soup bowls and drining containers and banana leaves for plate.

Their knives , bow,arrows and bolloswere made of clayand as the yearsadvanced, thesewere fashioned outwith metals lie ironand bronze. Thusthey began to havelancers, blowguns,daggers and shields.

Nonmaterial

The barangay was a unit of government which was composed of 30-100 families. ruled by the chieftain called datu.

the datu was the law maker

The umalahokanwoud inform the people about the law implemented by the datu.

Nobles (maharlia)

This is consisted of the datu

together with his family and

close relatives

Freemen (timawa)

They came next in rank to

the nobility. They owned properties and could freely mingle with the

nobles.

Social classes

Serfs (alipin)

aliping mamahay-could own

a property but he had to

render services to nobles or

freemen.

aliping saguigilid- people

owned and can be sold

by their masters

They did not have formal education

in schools

They possessed a system of writing called alibata.

They used sipolfor writing and made use of the juice of a plant for ink.

They worte on bar of trees, on leaves and on bamboo tubes.

The early literature were sabi (maxim), sawikain (saying),

bugtong (riddle), talinndaw (boat song), kumintang (war

song which evolved into love song), uyayi and hele (lullabies),

ihiman (bridal song) and tagulaylay (mourning song).

Their dances were

kumintang (love dance),

dandansoy (tuba

dance), mahinhin

(courtship dance)

kinutay (ant dance) and

paujalay (morro wedding

dance).

Among their musical

instruments were guitar,

drum, xylophone, flute

and gong.

Marriage Customs

Marriages were

arranged by parents and they

married within their social

class. The groom gave dowry in

the form of gold, land, slaves or

other gifts to woman’s parents.

He also had to render service in

the bride’s household for a

certain period of time. The

ceremony was officated by a

katalonan (priest) or a babaylan

(priestess).

Burial

The dead was placed in the jar complete with gold and other

valuable things. The mourning relatives abstained from eating meat,

drinking wine and making noises.

Influences From

India

Influences From

China

Use of sarong and putong by our ancestors

The embroidered shawl of Muslims

Use of veil and cord in a wedding ceremony

Supertitious beliefs

Bahala na attitude (being calm and indifferent)

Arrangement of marriage by parents of the bride and the groom

Great respect for ancestors

Frugal living, patience and humility

Use of porcelain wares, umbrellas, slippers

Mining and Manufacturing weapons Games like kite flying and mah-jongg. Hiring of mourners during funerals

Influences From

Arabia

Influences From

Japan

Breeding of

ducks and fish

Tanning of

deerskin

Manufacture

of weapons

and tools

Islam

Arabic system of writing

Muslim dance like singkil

Words such as ina, kitak,

kali, apo, hukom and sulat

Christianity was introduced replacing the paganistic anito

worship.

Sculpture, images and statues in all churches prevailed.

Novenas and sermons

Colleges were built including San Juan Letran, Colegio de

San Jose and University of Santo Tomas

The Filipinos learned playing card games, betting on

horse races and playing sipa.

The men wear coats and trousers and began to wear hats.

The women wore camisas, blouses with long, wide

sleeves.

Giving Spanish names and surnames.

Public education was establishedand the

teachers are called Thomasites

The church and the state were separated.

English language was taught to the fullest

Americans introduced democratic

government

Gave stress on health and sanitation.

Department of Health, health centers,

clinics and hospitals were established.

Basic individual were respected

The Japanese revive the indigenous culture

Vocational schools were established

Filipinos were able to hold theater

performances

They raised our consciousness in the practices

of nationalism such as the use of national

language and engaging in local materials.

All objects had

spirits and

inhabited by

such. Even

inanimate

objects were

governed by

certain Gods.

Among some

of Filipino gods

were Bathala,

Diwata,

abuian, etc.

God the Father was

worshipped as a

father figure and

Jesus as a loving son

who died for the sins

of each individual

Celebrates Fiesta,

Christmas and

Lenten Season

Founded by Felix Manalo

Ysagun in 1914

An authoritarian church

It requires twice-weekly

services conducted in

local Philippine

languages where guards

tae attendance

The church forbids

marriage to someone of

another faith

University of the

Philippines

Iglesia ni Kristo

Men went from Mecca would be addressed hajj and hajji for women

5 times a day prayer

Shoes are removed before entering the mosque

Prayer leader was called Imam

Great festivals were the end of Ramadan, Muhammad’s birthday, Muslim New Year and month of Muharram

MOSQUE IN PHILIPPINES

Religion is one of the strongest

institutions that help a person

believe in three things (love, faith,

fear) simultaneously as they are important to

control human behavior.

Religion aim to promote justice.

Religion has vital role in understanding

individual, group and community differences

Population is the total number of persons inhabiting a country, city or any district area.

The population of the Philippines has been steadily growing for many years. The population of the Philippines is estimated at 100,096,496 as of July 1 2014.

Philippines's population is equivalent to 1.38% of the total world population. The Philippines ranks 12th most populated country in the world.

INFANT MORTALITY RATE

total: 17.64 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 19.99 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 15.17 deaths/1,000 live births

(2014 est.)

LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH

male: 69.52 years

female: 75.59 years (2014 est.)

TOTAL FERTILITY RATE:

3.06 children born/woman (2014 est.)

BIRTH RATE24.24 births/1,000

population (2014 est.)

DEATH RATE4.92 deaths/1,000

population (2014 est.)

DEPENDENCY RATIOS

total dependency ratio: 60.7 %

youth dependency ratio:54.3 %

elderly dependency ratio: 6.4 %

potential support ratio: 15.6 (2014 est.)