email tips volume 87
Post on 23-Feb-2016
247 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
87
EMA Learn
VA
MAIning Publica
ARIABL
IL Tation from
LE SPE
TIP Full Spectr
EED O
PS rum Diagno
OPERAT
ostics
TION o
Vol
of EQU
. 87 Septem
UIPMEN
mber 2012
NT
EMVolu New
The curPaper oa close
1. Sele 2. Sele 3. Sele Email Tand be as 1, 2,
This
Variabland Vib
Displac
A New
A New Review
MAme 87
White P
rrent Email Ton the Vibra-up view of t
ting This
ect the “Prin
ect “Print Pu
ect “Save Fi
Tip will DownReady for P
, 3.
Month’sle Speed Opbration Cha
cement Res
Vendor Ap
Rolling Elew
AIL TSeptem
Papers A
Tips library ition Analysisthe Table its
s Email
nt” Icon
ublication”
ile” and “OK
nload as a PPrinting. Eas
s Featurperation of aracteristics
sponse with
plication Re
ement Beari
TIPmber 201
Available
ncludes a Ws Periodic Tself.
Tip
”
PDF sy
res: Centrifuga
s
h Speed
eview
ing Pocket
PS 2
e
White able and
l Pumps
Guide
4
2012CORE ASN ISO
CONC
SPEC
Ano
The cconbinperformradial Handbpump ratios volute green high-flconditi
2 TraininE TRAININGNT: Intro (IVO: Cat I, C
CENTRATED• TWF –
IALTY & AD• ODS/M• On-site
other Loo
chart on thenation of mance curv
load cuvbook”. The
specific sand impellesystems.
to red as thow conditioions.
ng Sche SERIES: VA) – VAI –
Cat II, Cat III,
D TRAININGSpectrum –
DVANCED TModal – Prece Mentoring
ok at the
e cover wasgeneric
ves super-imves courtee load curvepeeds, imp
er/casing widThe added
he pump apons and rec
edules
VAII – VAIII, Cat IV
G TRACK: – Phase – Be
TRAINING cision Balanc
e Cover
s constructecentrifuga
mposed withsy of “Thes show vapeller/casingdth ratios fod colors exproaches cacirculation a
I
earings
cing
:
ed from a al pump h empirical he Pump ariations in g diameter or standard xtend from avitation at at low-flow
Pump
The Vsignificseveradrives efficienworld. drawbaVFD’s.
Amongproblemfrom EcurrentbearingAmplif
Figure 1
Figure 2
p Vibratio
Variable Fcant in-roadal years. Sp
has been ancy and veThere are
acks to co.
g the mms are rolElectro-Erot seeks a g racewfication fr
1.0 REB Flutin
2.0 Natural Fr
on & VFD
Frequency ds into indpeed controa key compersatility in
however, ontrolling
most comling elemeosion or path to g
ways, arom residu
ng in a VFD C
requency Amp
’s
Drive hadustry overol of inductiponent in in
the manuseveral opthese mot
mmonly dnt bearing “Fluting”
ground throand Resual unbalan
applied much frequencyThese although importantbeen dat len
npublicatio
Controlled Mo
plification from
as made r the last on motor ncreased
ufacturing perational tors with
discussed damage
as stray ough the sonance nce now
over a broader
y range. topics,
very t have
discussed gth in
numerous ons.
otor
m VFD’s
SomeelevatforcesThis squarunbala2 (ormeasuare reitself. bearinfunctiomeanbearinsignifi
Figur
Electrthat pmotorthat 2at 12determfreque(readoshouldfaults Passincan bfaults
e of the lested vibratios in the rot
response red” affectance amplir squaredured as vibeacted as This can
ng life, beinon of appls that if th
ng expectcantly
re 3.0 Unbala
rically, the provide ther health arex Line Freq
20 Hz. mine theency fromout) prior d appear indevelop (
ng, etc.). e slightly care not di
sser discuson amplitudtor as the
is knownt. If spetude is incr). The
bration on tincreased become a ng that theied load ine bearing ted Life
nce is Propor
2x Line Fr vibration unchanged
quency is nNow the
e operatim the mo
to calculatn the measuSlip, Pole This is not
confusing. ifferent from
ssed issuedes from cspeed is i
n as the ed is doureased by a
additionalhe bearingload in theproblem of
e L10 Life in the beariload is doucan be
rtional to Spe
requency sanalyst clud, except foow not a fianalyst m
ng (syncotor controting the peurement spPassing, R
t a difficult Again, not
m a non-V
es include centrifugal ncreased.
“speed-ubled, the a power of “forces” housings e bearing f sufficient s a cubic ing. This ubled, the
reduced
eed Squared
signatures ues to the or the fact ixed value must first chronous) ol center eaks that ectrum as Rotor Bar
task, but e that the
VFD motor
but the signatures will vary with the control frequency.
Some lesser-discussed issues on the driven side of the machine are also introduced with variable frequency drives and the associated variable speed control. When the motor drives a centrifugal pump, a compressor, a fan or a blower several performance problems may result. In a pump operated at “low-flow” conditions recirculation can occur. In pumps operated at very high-flow conditions, cavitation may result. Both problems are erosion inducing problems. The pump is designed with parameter known as the “Best Efficiency Point” (BEP). The VFD operating speed has an influence on how much variation exists away from the desired BEP.
In VFD driven fans, similar performance issues exist. Variations in speed can influence stable operation resulting in problems such as Stall, Rotating Stall, and fan Surge.
Some extended problems related to the earlier mentioned Resonance Amplification include the Critical Speed class of problems. Resonance typically implies excitation of a static or non-rotating natural frequency structure. A Critical Speed is defined as an excitation of a rotor (rotating) natural frequency. Operating at a Critical Speed is especially problematic, in that, sensitive clearances in bearings and seals can be eliminated by the rotor deflections. A typical result is rotor-stator rub, rotor instabilities and possibly bent shafts and rotors.
Some other specialized problems known as “Roll Chatter” or “Roll Barring” can occur in paper machine press rolls, textile calendar systems, and sheet metal forming applications when operating speeds are increased into resonant ranges of the equipment. When residual unbalance forces are increased with elevated speed operation, driving forces of sufficient energy are created to excite structural natural frequencies. In these cases roll damage can be the result.
Figure 4.0 Centrifugal Pump Design Curve Alarms
Figure 5.0 Fan & Blower Design Curves
Figure 6.0 Roll Barring / Roll Chatter Issues
Displacement Limits
The Table (below) is constructed as a severity guideline for Fluid Film Journal type bearings. The displacement severity profiles are not a function of machine type as normally presented in vibration trending with a velocity parameter. Rather the critical displacement levels are closely associated with bearing internal clearances. An operating displacement level in excess of 50% of the bearing diametrical clearance indicates a fast approaching instability threshold. The displacement amplitude parameter varies with speed, thus in the table below greater permissible amplitudes are found at lower speeds. The allowable amplitudes are reduced as speed is increased. An equivalent (seismic) velocity (inches per second) level is presented in the table left hand column for a severity reference. The more commonly circulated Rathbone Chart for Displacement is found to the right. This chart shows the variations of amplitude with frequency, again note the trend of greater allowable amplitudes as frequency (rotor speed) is reduced.
ProduCommwww.Co Full Spea Beta diagnosAnalyzeinclude:
The latefull blowintuitive or tutorifull-featuPhase, easily tras a preas a Unaccess not perfeis abundand engof firmw The appthis yeapackagedirectly. Full Spectbooks, pathis newsopinions o
uct Reviemtest Instru
ommtest.com
ectrum DiagnoTest group
stic applicationer unit. The
Rotor BalancOrbit PlottingBump TestinCoast-down /Cross-channLong Time WTime Synchr
est addition town Experimen
firmware appng to get up ured and incluReal, Imagin
ransferred to e-formatted siversal File Fto ME’scope ect, thus the dantly apparegineering was
ware diagnosti
plication is schar. Sometimees. For mo
trum Diagnosticsapers, reference sletter. All of thof Full Spectrum
ews: ments Ltd.
m
ostics was refor a new ans in the 4-c
current vb8
cing g ng
/ Run-up nel Phase Waveform ronous Averag
o the existing ntal Modal Aplication requto speed. Thude all FRF p
nary, and Cohthe vb8 Asc
series of plotsFormat (UFF)
for animationreasoning be
ent that consids applied. It ic applications
heduled to bees big things rore informati
s has no financiamaterials, or a
he reviews of thDiagnostics’ ana
equested to baddition to thhannel Comm
8 firmware ap
ging
set of applicAnalysis platfired minimal he graphic disparameters (Mherence). Thcent databases, and can befile for those
n. No, the apphind a “beta” derable upfros a nice fit fos.
e ready for rereally do comon contact
al connection witpplication notes
hese materials aalysts and instruc
e a part of e suite of mtest vb8 pplications
ations is a form. The instruction splays are
Magnitude, he data is e software e exported who have
plication is test, but it
ont thought or the suite
lease later me in small
Commtest
th any of the reviewed in
are first-hand ctors.
LiterReliabwww.R Full Sppocketb120 pa “RollinIdentifis nowSpectru This punomencontambackgrof pracdesign corpora There abearingand pra The ghandlinwww.Rphone
rature Revbility SolutiReliabilitySol
pectrum Diagbook publicage 3.5 x 6.0 i
ng Elemenfication and w available aum Diagnosti
ublication is pclature, de
mination and ound of the actical experie
engineer fation.
are a lot of pug manufactureactical aspect
uides retail ng. More ReliabilitySolut
at 218-729-4
views: ions lutions.us
gnostics formation from Rench spiral bo
nt BearinVibration A
at the Reliabcs websites.
packed with iesign and vibration failuauthor, Tomaence in the pfor a large
ublications proers, but nonets in a single
for $19.95 information
tions.us and 646 and 612-
mally announeliability Soluund guide title
gs: Failurnalysis Poc
bility Solution
information frfits to
ure modes. as Brown, incpaper industry
bearing ma
ovided by roll that merge thconcise guide
each plus n can be
www.fullspec-875-9959, re
nces a new utions. The ed:
re Mode cket Guide” ns and Full
rom bearing lubrication,
The unique cludes years y and as a anufacturing
ling element he technical e.
postage & found at
c.net, or by espectively.
REMAINING: 2012 CORE VIBRATION TRAINING SCHEDULE IMPLEMENTING A SUCCESSFUL PdM PROGRAM IN-PLANT COURSES AVAILABLE Tuition: $ 945.00 / 2-day Format Proficiency Test: Included INTRODUCTION TO VIBRATION ANALYSIS IN-PLANT COURSES AVAILABLE Tuition: $ 945.00 / 2-day Format Proficiency Test: Included VIBRATION ANALYSIS I DEC 11-14 Charlotte, NC 2012-VA1-05 DEC 18-21 New Orleans, LA 2012-VA1-06 Tuition: $ 1,295.00 / 3-day Format Certification Exam: $ 200.00 VIBRATION ANLAYSIS II SEP 25-28 Cedar Rapids, IA 2012-VA2-06 Tuition: $ 1,395.00 / 3-day Format Certification Exam: $ 200.00 VIBRATION ANALYSIS IIIa IN-PLANT COURSES AVAILABLE Tuition: $ 1,595.00 / 4-day Format Certification Exam: $ 200.00 PRACTICAL VIBREATION ANALYSIS IIIb IN-PLANT COURSES AVAILABLE Tuition: $ 1,595.00 / 4-day Format Certification Exam: $ 200.00
REMAINING: 2012 SPECIALTY VIBRATION TRAINING SCHEDULE MODAL & ODS ANALYSIS 2 IN-PLANT COURSES AVAILABLE For In-Plant Training: ModalGuy@aol.com Tuition: $ 1,595.00 / 3-day Format One Month ME’scope Software Included CONC TIME WAVEFORM ANLAYSIS NOV 27-28 Chillicothe, OH 2012-TWF-02 Tuition: $ 945.00 / 2-day Format Proficiency Test: Included CONCENTRATED SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
OCT 02-03 St. Paul, MN 2012-CSA-03
Tuition: $ 945.00 / 2-day Format Proficiency Test: Included CONCENTRATED PHASE ANALYSIS IN-PLANT COURSES AVAILABLE Tuition: $ 945.00 / 2-day Format Hands-on Exercises: Included CONCENTRATED RE BEARING & GEAR ANLAYSIS OCT 16-17 Cedar Rapids, IA 2012-BGA-01 Tuition: $ 945.00 / 2-day Format Proficiency Test: Included VIBRATION ANALYSIS FOR MOTOR SHOPS DEC 04-06 St. Paul, MN 2012-VAM-02 Tuition: $ 1,295.00 / 3-day Format Hands-on Exercises: Included PRECISION BALANCING !!! NEW !!! NOV 13-14 Wheeling, WV 2012-BAL-04 Tuition: $ 945.00 / 2-day Format Hands-on Exercises: Included
THE V
The Vibindispewell as analyst
Some 4and defeasily f
GUÍA
Este mcompilareferenMantenCondicespecty reglaaproximpueden
Tambiéespecifdefinicidefinicisuficienla bolsacontenconsideesenciaCondic
THE V
The Vib108-pagInformaspecificinclude
If you lieducatiAnalys Order n Or by P
BULK
VIBRATIO
bration Faultnsable assea helpful too
t and his ma
45 Rotating fined. Convfits in your po
A DE FAL
manual constado por Full
ncia rápida pnimiento Preción. La guíaros, formas sde análisis
madamente n presentar e
én incluimosficaciones dión de bandaiones de Prontemente pea de su camido es tan gerado como al para la ind
ción.
VIBRATIO
bration Anage pocket si
ation on dozecations and dd.
ked the Vibrional step sh
sis Techniqu
now at: httpPhone @ (7
K DISCOUNA
ON FAUL
t Guide is a et for every vol to bridge tnagement s
Machinery Fveniently desocket for eve
LAS DE V
ta de 110 páSpectrum D
para la indusedictivo y Moa incluye ejede onda, de de fase parunos 45 proen maquinar
s varios estáe vibración, as de alarmaocesamientoequeño como
misa ( 3.5” X rande que una guía de
dustria del M
ON TECH
alysis Technized informaens of analydata present
ration Faulthould be theues Guide g
p://www.fulls63) 577-995
NTS & BUNAVAILABL
LT GUIDE
110-page vibration anathe gap betwtaff.
Faults are Idsigned at 3” xeryday use!
VIBRACIÓ
áginas y fue Diagnostics cstria de onitoreo de emplos de efiniciones dera oblemas queria rotativa.
ndares de guías para as, fórmulas
o de Señaleso para llevar6.0”), pero spodría ser
e referencia Monitoreo de
HNIQUES
niques Guidation treasureysis techniqutation forma
t Guide, you Vibration get yours no
pec.net/store59
NDLE PACLE!
E
alyst, as ween the
entified x 6”, it
ÓN
como
e fallos
e se
s y s. Es rlo en su
e
GUIDE
de is a e trove.
ues, ts are
ur next
ow at:
e.html
KAGES
THE The VoveramacheffectWhenanalys Order Or by BU P
VIBRATI
Vibration Anall Alarm chainery faults.ively allow th
n combined sis loop. We
r now at: Htty Phone @ (
ULK DISCACKAGE
ION ANA
alysis Wall Carts in the . The faulthe analyst towith the Vib
eather you r
tp://www.full763) 577-99
COUNTS &ES AVAIL
LYSIS W
Chart is a 46center of tht groupings o “narrow-dobration Faurequire one c
lspec.net/sto959
& BUNDLLABLE!
WALL CHA
6” x 36” Fullhe chart are
include freown” the potlt Guide, thechart or a ne
ore.html
LE
ART
-Color Lamie surroundeequency contential sourcee Vibration eed to wall-p
nated Refered by groupntent and des and zeroAnalysis W
paper your o
rence for youpings of ovedominant dir-in on curren
Wall Chart coffice, we can
ur drab officer 40 dominrectional resnt vibration pompletes then help!
ce wall. Theant rotatingsponse thatproblem. e diagnostic
e g t
c
TH This“quicand case Thisby Fvibrameaclas IndivGuidGuidAna Get BUAV
E VIBRAT
s Full Color Lck-look” metsuggests D
e and make
s Chart is a “Frequency Cation sourceasurement dsify faults ac
vidual Faultsde for a morde is valuab
alysis Perio
yours now a
LK DISCVAILABLE
TION ANA
Laminated 1thod of distiniagnostic Tthe call!
“Logical” anaContent and es are instanata. The Taccordingly.
s are Foot Nre detailed reble, your nexdic Table!
at: www.full
OUNTS &E!
ALYSIS P
3 x 17 inch nguishing on
Tests or form
alysis tool thDirectional R
ntly reduced able “forces”
ote Refereneview. If yoxt educationa
lspec.net, o
& BUNDL
PERIODIC
card-stock tne machinermula that ma
hat classifiesResponse. Tbased on ththe user to
nced to the Vu think the Val step shou
or by phone a
LE PACKA
C TABLE
able providery fault from ay be used t
s vibration prThe potentia
he analyst’s cthink logical
Vibration FaVibration Fauld be the Vib
at 763-577-9
AGES
es a another to build a
roblems al current lly and
ault ault bration
9959
INSTRUCTORS:
Full Spectrum Diagnostics’ Lead Instructor & Seminar Author is Dan Ambre. Dan is a graduate of The University of Iowa with a Bachelor’s degree in Mechanical Engineering, and has completed additional graduate level course work in Engineering Dynamics from The University of Illinois at Chicago, and Florida Atlantic University. Dan is a Certified Vibration Analysis Level III Instructor (Category IV) with over 16 years of Vibration Training and Certification Experience.
Dan’s 25+ years of vibration experience in the Aviation & Aerospace Industries comes from positions at Sundstrand Aviation Corporation and Pratt & Whitney (United Technologies Corporation). This fieldwork includes Vibration & Acoustic testing, Rotor Dynamics analysis of high speed Rotor Systems, Experimental Modal, and Finite Element Analysis.
His consulting experience base comes from positions at Technical Associates and Full Spectrum Diagnostics, which he founded in June of 2000. He is a Registered Professional Engineer in the States of North Carolina and Minnesota.
Dan can be contacted by phone at (612) 875-9959, or via Email at ModalGuy@aol.com
ModalGuy@aol.com
In 2004, after years of close association, Louis G. Pagliaro joined Full Spectrum Diagnostics. Lou fulfills multiple roles as our Seminar Sales Coordinator, Senior Instructor and course content co-author. Lou is a certified Level III Vibration Analyst (since 1996) and was recently re-certified by American Society of Nondestructive Testing as an ASNT PdM Level III in Vibration Analysis (Category IV). He has over 30 years of varied industrial experience, including Maintenance Management, Vibration Analysis, Vibration Training, Certification, and course development in areas of Noise Control, Precision Maintenance, Precision Alignment, Preventive Maintenance, and Maintenance Skills Enhancement. His worldwide teaching credentials include instruction of TAC, Update International, CSI, Entek and SKF customers in eight countries. Louis is a graduate of Niagara College in Welland, Canada. Lou can be contacted by phone at (704) 577-3953, or via Email at Lpagl@aol.com.
LpagL@aol.com
top related