results of back bay nutrient ron southwick virginia

Results of Back Bay NutrientSampling, April 1986 - March 1987

by

Ron SouthwickDistrict Fish Biologist

and

Mitchell D. NormanSupervising Fish Biologist

Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries

December, 1987

INTRODUCTION

To determine nutrient levels in Back Bay, water samples were

collected monthly from April, 1986 through March, 1987. Surface

water samples were collected at six stations (Figure 1) and sent

to the Virginia Consolidated Laboratory for analyses. Parameters

monitored by the State Lab were suspended solids (total, volatile

and fixed), ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, total Kjeldalh nitrogen

and phosphorus (total and ortho). Other parameters which were

monitored in the field at the time of the collection were

salinity, conductivity, water temperature, Secchi disc

transparency, pH and turbidity. These results were reported by

Norman and Southwick (1987).

Overall, the nutrient levels in Back Bay were not

excessively high. Only suspended solids and total Kjeldalh

nitrogen surpassed or violated the EPA reference levels. Levels

for the basic nutrients (nitrate and phosphate) were well below

the EPA reference levels. Furthermore, the 1986 Virginia Water

Quality Assessment (S.W.C.B., 1986) reported the water quality in

Back Bay to be "good". Nutrient levels in Back Bay have changed

little since the early 1970's. Water samples collected by the

State Water Control Board from 1972 to 1975 showed that Total

Kjeldalh nitrogen and pH were the only parameters which violated

the EPA reference levels. However, levels for suspended solids

were not determined during that survey.

RESULTS

Sol.j.ds Uota]̂ y.°l§til§ and F

Total suspended solids include 1) "Fixed" matter which is

inorganic colloidal clay and coarse suspensions of soil

particles, and 2>"Vo1 atile" matter which is made up of living and

dead organic matter.

Total suspended solids in Back Bay were very high during the

study period. The mean 1evel/station ranged from 57.3 mg/1 (Sta.

22) to 94.8 mg/1 (Sta. 5 and 20). Suspended solids were highest

from January through March when the level routinely exceeded 10O

mg/1 and frequently exceeded 2OO mg/1 (Figures 9-14). Values as

high as 294 mg/1 were detected (March, Sta. 20). The high level

of suspended solids during the Winter months was due to strong

wind induced wave action which kept the sediment in suspension.

The EPA reference level for suspended solids is SO mg/1

(Table 7). By comparison, the mean level of suspended

solids/station in Back Bay exceeded the EPA reference level at

two stations (# 5 and 2O) (Figure 2). Individual station

readings for suspended solids were generally below the EPA

reference level from April through December. However, during the

January—March period the individual- readings for suspended solids

exceeded the EPA reference level considerably - sometimes by a

factor of three.

The cause for this high level of suspended solids

(turbidity) in Back Bay is two fold; 1) an abundance of inorganic

material in suspension and 2) an abundant phytoplankton

population (unpublished report, H.G. Marshall, 1987). Both of

these factors keep water clarity poor year around. Average

Secchi disc transparencies ranged from less than 5 inches to a

maximum of only 1*+ inches during the same period.

Volatile suspended solids ranged from a mean of 25.8 mg/1

(Sta. 22) to 3̂ .6 mg/1 (Sta. 20). The value for volatile

suspended solids was highest in February at each station except

#22 (Figures 15-20).

Fixed suspended solids ranged from a mean of 31.5 mg/1 (Sta.

22) to 60.3 mg/1 at (Sta. 20). Monthly values were consistently

higher during March (Figures 21-26).

Nitrate as Nitrogen

Nitrite does not appear to be a problem in Back Bay. Mean

nitrite level for each station ranged from 0.01 to 0.03 mg/1.

Many of the individual station readings were below the minimum

detectable level (0.01 mg/1) and are indicated with a "K" in

Tables 1-6. The EPA reference level for nitrite in natural

waters in 0.9 mg/1. Therefore, the nitrite levels in Back Bay

are well below the EPA standards (Figure 3). Nitrite levels of

natural waters are generally very low (Wetzel, 1983). Generally

nitrite levels in Back Bay were lowest during the Spring and

highest during the Winter (Figures 27-32).

Nitrate as Nitrogen

Nitrate occurs in relatively small concentrations in

unpolluted waters (Reid, 1961). This nutrient is rapidly taken

up by plants (including phytoplankton). There is concern by some

that excessive nitrate from agricultural sources around Back Bay

is posing a problem in the bay. However, the data from this

survey indicate differently. Nitrate levels in Back Bay were

well below the EPA reference level of 0.9 mg/1 (Figure ̂ ).

Average nitrate readings/station ranged from 0.18 mg/1 (Sta. 5)

to 0.2^+ mg/1 (Sta. 20). Apparently the marsh vegetation and

phytoplankton in Back Bay utilize much of the nitrates entering

the system. This would account for the decrease in nitrate

levels from May through December, e.g. a period of increase

phytoplankton activity. Nitrates were very low (<0.05 mg/1) at

each station from May through January but increased appreciably

in February and March (Figures 33-38). This increase was

probably due to increased run-off from agricultural fields with

heavy rainfall during those months.

iQtal Kjel.da.lh Nitrogen HKN1

This form of nitrogen is present in soluable organic

compounds and as a constituent of living and dead particulate

organic matter. According to Boyd (1979), concentrations of

organic nitrogen are usually well below 1.0 mg/1 in unpolluted

natural waters. The EPA reference level for TKN is 0.9 mg/1

(Table 7). Average TKN/station in Back Bay ranged from 2.3 to

2.8 mg/1 with three of the six stations having the same high

value. Levels of TKN in Back Bay violated the reference level in

all of the samples (Figure 5). This is a substantial increase

from the results of the 1972-75 SWCB study when TKN levels

exceeded the EPA reference level in only 11. V/. of the samples.

These high values in Back Bay are indicative of the high level of

biological productivity from the marsh vegetation and the

abundant phytop lank ton in the bay. As a general rule, TKN was

relatively low in April; then increased progressively through the

Summer to peak in August or September; then declined through

January; and then increase again through March (Figures 39-^4-).

Ammonj_a as Nitrogen

Ammonia is an end product of the bacterial decomposition of

organic matter and an excretory product of aquatic animals. At

high levels, ammonia can be detrimental to aquatic life. The EPA

reference level for ammonia is 0.89 mg/1 (Table 7). The mean

ammonia 1evel/station in Back Bay ranged from O.3E mg/1 (Sta. 1^)

to 0.^1 mg/1 (Sta. 3) and was, therefore, well below the EPA

reference level (Figure 6). Ammonia was generally low April

through November, then increased progressively each month to peak

in January—February, and then "crashed" to low values again by

March (Figures ^5-50). High concentrations of ammonia occur

following phytoplankton die-offs (Boyd, et al . , 1975). This

could be an explanation for the increase in ammonia in Back Bay

from December through February.

Phosphorus is a key metabolic nutrient, and the supply of

this element often regulates the productivity of natural waters.

Concentrations of total phosphorus seldom exceed 1.0 mg/1 (Boyd,

1979). The EPA reference level for total phosphorus is 0.3 mg/1

(Table 7). The average level /stat ion for total phosphorus in

Back Bay ranged from 0.1S mg/1 (Sta. 22) to 0.15 mg/1 (Sta. 5 and

20) (Figure 7). At most stations, total phosphorus showed two

distinct peaks in a seasonal cycle (Figures 51-56). One peak was

in March-April; the other was in August.

Ortho phosphorus is the soluble and simplest form of

phosphorus found in natural waters, making it readily available

to plants. Concentrations of ortho phosphate are quite low and

usually no greater than 0.0005 to 0.02 mg/1 and seldom exceed O.I

mg/1 even in highly eutrophic waters (Boyd, 1979). The EPA

reference level for ortho phosphate is 0.1 mg/1 (Table 7).

Average values/station for ortho phosphorus in Back Bay ranged

from O.O4 to O.06 mg/1 (Figure 8). Although mean phosphorus

levels in Back Bay did not surpass the EPA reference level, some

sample values approached or equalled the reference level. At

most stations, ortho phosphorus was highest July through

September (Figures 57—62).

LITERATURE CITED

Boyd, C.E., E.E. Prather, and R. W. Parks. 1975. Sudden

mortality of a massive phytoplank ton bloom. Weed Sci. ,

23:61-67

Boyd, Claude E. 1979. Water quality in warm water fish

ponds. Auburn University, Agri. Exp. Sta., 359 pg.

Marshall, H. G. 1987. Back Bay Phytoplank ton Study.

Va-DJ-F-58 (in preparation).

Norman, M. D. and Ron Southwick, 1987. Back Bay: Report on

salinity are Water Clarity in 1986. Department of Game

and Inland Fisheries. 30 pp

Reid, George K. 1961. Ecology of Inland waters and

Estuaries, ed. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York,

375 pp.

State Water Control Board. 1976. Water Quality Inventory

(305(b) Report). S.W.C.B. Info. Bull. 5E6. 361 pp.

Wetzel, Robert G. 1983. Limnology, ed. Saunders College

Publishing Philadelphia. 767 pp.

List of Tables

Table 1. Nutrient levels (mg/1) determined from water samples collected atStation 3, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.





Table 6. Nutrient levels (mg//l)determined from water samples collected atStation 22, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

Table 7. Reference levels and source for selected water quality parameters.

List of Figures

Figure 1. Map of Back Bay, Virginia showing the location of stations fornutrient analysis.

Figure 2. Comparison of Total Suspended Solids (mg/1) in Back Bay (as meanof each station for period April, 1986 to March, 1987) wilhlEPA"Reference Level"

Figure 3. Comparison of Total Nitrite level (mg/1) in Back Bay (as meanof each station for period April, 1986 to March, 1987) with EPA"Reference Level".

Figure 4. Comparison of Total Nitrate (mg/1) in Back Bay (as mean of eachstation for period April, 1986 to March, 1987) with EPA "ReferenceLevel".

Figure 5. Comparison of Total Kjeldalh Nitrogen (mg/1) in Back Bay (asmean of each station for period April, 1986 to March, 1987) withEPA "Reference Level".

Figure 6. Comparison of Total Ammonia (mg/1) in Back Bay (as mean of eachstation for period April, 1986 to March, 1987) with EPA "ReferenceLevel".

Figure 7. Comparison of Total Phosphorus(mg/l) in Back Bay (as mean of eachstation for period April, 1986 to March, 1987) with EPA "ReferenceLevel".

Figure 8. Comparison of Total Ortho Phosphorus(mg/l) in Bck Bay (as mean ofeach station for period April, 1986 to March, 1987) with EPA"Reference Level".

Figure 9. Monthly level of Total Suspended Solids (mg/1) at Station 3, BackBay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.





Figure 14. Monthly level of Total Suspended Solids (mg/1) at Station 22, BackBay from April, 1986 to Marach, 1987.

Figure 15. Monthly level of Volatile Suspended Solids (mg/1) at Station 3,Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.


Figure 17. Monthly level of Volatile Suspended Solids (mg/1) at Station 9,Back Bay from April, 1986 to March 1987.




Figure 21. Monthly level of Fixed Suspended Solids (mg/1) at Station 3,Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.






Figure 27. Monthly level of Nitrite as Nitrogen (mg/1) at Station 3, BackBay, from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

Figure 28. Monthly level of Nitrite as Nitrogen (mg/1) at Station 5, BackBay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.





10

Figure 33. Monthly level of Nitrate as Nitrogen (mg/1) at Station 3, BackBay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.






'Figure 39. Monthly level of TKN (mg/1) at Station 3, Back Bay from April,1986 to March, 1987.

Figure 40. Monthly level of TKN (mg/1) at Station 5, Back Bay from April,1986 to March, 1987.

Figure 41. Monthly level of TKN (mg/1) at Station 9, Back Bay from April,1986, to March, 1987.




Figure 45. Monthly level of Ammonia as Nitrogen (mg/1) at Station 3, BackBay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.






11

Figure 51. Monthly level of Total Phosphorus as P (mg/1) at Station 3, BackBay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.






Figure 57. Monthly level of Ortho Phosphorus as P (mg/1) at Station 3, BackBay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.






12

APRIL86

HAY

JLNE

JULY

AUE

SEPT

OCT

NQV

DEC

JAN67

FEE

HPR

MEANS

TOT. SOLIDSTC'.iig/i)

343E

3597

4135

4616

4613

4S39

4EO'

4561

4614

3924

£840

2659

4079.2

TQT.5GLID3VOL.!tg/l!

629

532

891

847

941

92s

841

32!

711

465

496

393

7E5.1

TOT, SOLIDSFI1U ing/I)

280?

3i65

34Z4

2769

3i77

3903

3968

40+0

3603

3259

2344

2266

3344.1

SUS.SOLID5TOT.(ifl/l!

15

37

60

46

4o

36

40

70

50

S3

31

188

63.1

SOS. SOL IDSvOL.,ifg'l)

i

17

24

30

28

30

31

34

E,

32

23

44

27.8

SUS.50LID3Fn...«g/l)

9

20

36

16

8

6

c

36

£6

56

58

144

35.3

HHMONIA NITRITE(•3/1 as N) (ag/1 as N)

0.1 O.tl

.iOK .01*:

.10K .OIK

.IOK .OIK

O.E 0.01

0.1 0.02

.IOK 0.02

0.1 t.OE

0.4 0.0!

C.S 0.04

C.9 0.02

0.7 0.03

0.41 0.02

NITRA'E(«g/l as N)

C.I 2

MY.

.05K

.05K

.W

,05K

.05K

.C5K

.05K

0,09

0.31

0.23

0.19

TOT. K. NIT(irg/1;

1.3

1.5

2.1

3

3.8

3.3

3.5

3.1

3

2.'

2.6

2.9

2.8

TOT.PHOS.(«g/l as P)

O.S

.IOK

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.:

0.1

0,1

0.1

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.13

ORTHO.PHDS.(«g/l as P)

0.05

0.02

0.02

0

o.oe

0.09

0

0

0.08

0

0.06

0

0.06

TOT.OR6.C.(cg/i)

15

17

20

22

54

22

24

24

21

18

IE

21

20

Table 1. Nutrient levels (mg/1) determined from water samples collected at Station 3, Back Bay from April, 1986 toMarch, 1987.

APRILS*

MY

ME

JULY

AU6

SEP-

OCT

NOV

DEC

JAN97

FEE

IMF.

MEANS

TOT. SOLIDSTQT.(«g>!)

336!

3543

42:E

4565

4039

4475

479E

v:E

43i!

3^i

«x

2452

3995

'DT. SOLIDSVQL.hg/1)

559

509

S74

306

Si;

90-

w71;

^i

494

435

3Ei

495.2

TOT. SOLIDSPH.(«5/I!

£802

3035

3413

373?

3!"4

S571

35*:

J95-

3iic

29£0

2027

EOit

3199.8

BUS. SOLIDS SUS. SOLIDSTQT.iag/!! VOL.!sg, ii

-3 i"

33 T

57 £;

34 3'

50 34

50 30

7" 34

7o 32

2: 14

!44 ,0

1S4 4)

26s 54

97. E 3;. 5

SUS, SOLIDSFIl. (*g/ii

2 4

la

31

20

1*

20

41

44

7

104

144

203

54.3

AMI* JO NITRITE•'Rg 1 as N) ''ng.'i as N)

O.i 0.0!

.i*C .C1K

,10K .OIK

0.1 0.0!

O.I 0.02

0,£ 0.02

0,1 0.03

O.i 0,03

0.5 0.01

O.S 0,0'

0,9 0,02

0.5 0.0;

0.34 0.02

NITRATE!sg/I 35 N;

0.1

• 05̂

.0-

'1C«'

.05-'

,05r

.05*

.G5K

0,05

0,14

0.35

0.24

0.1S

TOT. K. NIT.

1.3

1.7

2

3.1

3,4

3

3 . .-.

E.7

2.8

2,,

3.2

3,4

2.B

TCT.PHOS.

0.3

0.1

0.1

O.i

0.2

0.1

'j . I

0,1

0,1

0 1 1

0.2

V 1 U

0.15

ORTHD.PHOS.iiq/! as P;

0.04

0.03

C.OE

0

0

0

C

0

O.OT

o

o

0

0.04

TOT.OR5.C.Ug/li

15

IE

20

22

22

21

25

22

1?

19

16

23

20.2

Table 2. Nutrient levels (mg/1) determined from water samples collected at Station 5, Back Bay from April, 1986to March, 1987.

APRIL36

MF-Y

JiJNE

JULY

PUB

SEPT

OCT

NOV

DE:

JfiN'87

FES

HAF

HEANS

TOT. SOLIDSTOT.iig/i:-

3020

3406

i405

4405

2«5

345"

4634

4cC9

,*5

3335

1719

1974

3491.2

TOT. SOLIDSV3L.dg/l)

500

486

1065

784

507

703

391

"i-

715

640

304

30?

636.3

TOT .SOL IDSFlLiig/i!

2520

2930

3320

3621

1923

2755

3743

336t

3730

E745

1415

16o5

2652.3

SUS.SGLKSTOT. lag/ 1)

40

32

46

42

40

6E

63

10"

47

64

,4

206

69.3

SOS- SOLIDS SUS, SOLIDSVCL.!f.g/l) FIMag/i-

14 26

13 1?

14 34

2S !4

24 16

2E 40

27 41

44 60

£3 Ei

28 38

2d 52

36 17E

2t.6 44. "?

APHONIAisg/1 as N -

0.!

.10K

.IJK

0,1

3

0.1

0.5

C , 4

0 . 5

0.7

0.6

0.5

0.37

NITRITE(rg/i as N'i

0.01

.oi':

.OIK

0.01

0.01

•"< , OP

).03

0.04

0,02

0.04

O.Oc

0,05

0 . 03

NITRATEiffg/l as N!

0.1?

.05K

.05K

.05K

AC''. 5.-' J'-.

,05K

.05.:

,05K

0.05

0.16

0.46

0.26

0.22

TOT. K. NIT.(eg/i)

1.1

1.7

c

3.4

2.5

2.7

3.3

2,9

2.7

2.2

2,2

2.8

2.5

TQT.PHOS.(*g/i as F!

0.1

O.I

O.i

0.1

0.2

0.2

n _ 1

0.2

0.1

0.1

0.1

0,2

0.13

ORTHO.DHOS.iig/i as ?!

0 , 06

0.02

0.02

0

0,07

0.09

<:<

0

0.03

0

0.06

0

0.06

TOT. ORE. C.lug/I)

15

1?

2'"'

23

13

22

21

23

20

16

IE

23

19.3


6PRILB6

IfiY

JUNE

JULY

AUt

SEPT

OCT

NtV

DEC

JANS:

FEE

HAR

HEAHS

TOT. SOLIDSTOT.ijig/I)

3384

35<C

4252

-51!

4556

44-4

4349

4S02

4641

44!t

2555

2775

4109.6

TOT. SCUDS TDT. SOLID:VOL. (dig/!! F!Usiq;i;

558 £95 s

474 3026

856 3396

937 36""-

958 3598

'76 369£

901 3945

830 396̂

''SS 3906

824 35̂ 2

561 2394

418 2357

744.7 336̂ .9

SUS.SQLiDSTC'T.(irg/l;

5t

41

66

38

A P

36

53

68

4-

62

133

240

75. E

SUS. SOLIDSVOL. (fig/1;

20

16

T":CC

2S

42

32

35

44

24

30

33

56

31.6

SuS. SOLIDS AMMONIAFIL !ffg/ r inq/l as M

3i O.i

25 ,iO<

4-'- O.i

10 0,1

20 0.2

6 0,1

:8 ).l

?4 0.;

20 0.2

32 0.7

100 1

192 0.7

43.5 0.32

NITRITEirg-i as Hi

0.0!

.OIK

0.0!

0.01

0.0;

i. AJ

0.02

0.02

0.01

0.03

0.33

O.C3

0.02

NITRATE!»g/l as N;

0,13

,05f;

0.05

.m

.05K

.05K

.PFik'

.05'.:

,05K

0.07

0,47

0.25

0.2

TO'. K. NIT.fug/1 /

1.1

1.8

2.1

£.9

3.3

3.4

3.7

2.8

3.7

2.4

3.5

3.5

2.3

TOT.PHGS. ORTHC.PHDS.i»C;;i as PJ (nig /I as P!

0.1 0.06

0.1 0.03

O.i O.OB

O.i 0

0.2 0.03

O.i 0.1

O.i 0

O.i 0

0.1 0.08

0.1 0

0.2 0

0.2 0

0.13 O.Ob

TOT. ORE. C!»g/l»

15

17

22

£1

21

2£

2t

24

21

17

16

25

20.4


APRR96

HAY

JUNE

JULV

AU6

SEPT

OCT

NQV

DEC

JftNS7

FEB

HAR

MEANS

TOT. SOLIDSTDT.Iig/1)

?957

345!

420?

4469

458:

4800

.554

C.'iCIJv'.Jt

47j£

^525

E?33

E738

4131.4

TOT. SOLIDSyGL,f*g/i!

430

487

366

303

950

967

935

965

"78

"Bl

55'

414

74.8.1

TOT. SOL IDSFlUfg/i!

S4"

£964

3341

3666

3635

3633

3919

4.086

4180

3744

8381

2374

3383.3

3US. SOLIDSTOT. la g / i f

33

3E

58

4(

56

35

5E

156

50

100

£29

294

94. ,3

SUS. SOLIDSVOL, iffiq/n

11

16

E8

ES

,3

34

3,

5E

26

38

5E

54

34.6

SUS. SOLIDS AMQN'IA NITPITIFit.isg/1-' !»g;! as Ni !«q/l as N'

£E .10K .OIK

16 ,:OK ,01?:

30 ,10k 0.01

IE O.i 0.01

14 r...g 0.01

4 j,[ C , OE

18 0.1 O.OE

1'"'4 ••'''. ; <^.03

24 0,2 O.Oi

i£ 0.7 0.03

177 0,3 O.OE

E40 0.7 0.04

60.3 0.33 O.OE

NITRATE TOT, K. NIT.•UQ/1 as fif i5q;l)

0.13 0.9

.05t 1.6

. OSK E

.05K E. 9

,03K 3,3

.05?" 3.4

.05K 3.3

.m 3.1

..-. 2.-

0.05 E.5

0.45 3.9

C.3E 3.6

0,24 2.7

TOT.PHOS.(iig.'i as P)

5.1

0.1

0.1

C.I

0.2

0.1

0.1

O.E

O.i

O.E

i' » 0

O.E

0.15

ORTHG.PHOS.(ag/1 as P)

0.04

0.03

0.03

0

0.08

0.1

f;

V

0.07

0

0

0

0.04

TOT. ORB. C.(sg/1)

13

16

13

21

E4

£5

£3

E9

El

18

19

23

E0.8

Total 5. Nutrient levels (mg/1) determined from water samples collected at Station 20, Back Bay from April, 1986to March, 1987.

APRILS 5

W

JUNE

JOLY

AUB

SEPT

OCT

NOv1

DEC

JAN87

FEE

WAR

MEANS

TOT, SOL IDS7[T.(j!g/l!

3503

3529

WO

4534

480S

473S

5157

3343

5109

4̂ 76

£333

2579

425=, 3

TOT, SOLIDSVOL.!aq/ii

534

492

364

303

996

92?

56-

834

7*7

573

493

379

740.7

TOT.SGLI33Flung/!}

E'19

3037

3326

3733

3B12

3309

^44?*

4362

3S9S

23M

220)

3518.6

3US. SOLIDSTOT.isg/ 1)

34

u'

66

QC-j j

51

32

-:jr =

31

S3

134

92

37.3

3U3.50LID3i'0 . ! * 3 • i 'i

\B

:7

£2

25

42

3C

£H

f6

:?

30

;n

20

•ic r.C J . C

3yS;SCLlDS AMHOMA NITRI'E' I *. '' ng / i / (ag/1 a; K i :*g/. as Kl-

16 .1CK 0.01

24 ,;OK .OH

44 ,10K .01̂ '

10 0.1 O.Oi

9 0,2 O.Oi

£ 0.1 0,02

10 .10K 0,0!

£6 ,10' 0.01

i£ 0,4 0.0:

52 0.6 0.02

101 0.3 0.02

72 0.1 0.02

31.5 0.33 0.01

NITRATElit.;-! a; Ni

.05K

,05K

• 05<

,05K

.m

.m

.05"

,05K

/5K

C.Ofc

0.27

:' , u

0.21

TOT. K. NIT,(ig/ll

t « -J

1.5

1.9

2,9

3.2

E.B

2,4

I.3

2.,

£.3

2.6

1.8

2.3

TOT.'HCS. Qrtho.Fhos.(ic/l as Pi i'iq/1 as F!

0.2 0

I,'- it -i. 1 V V

0.1 0

.lOK

0.2 0

0.1 0

O.i 0

,SOK 0

''• . ! 0

0,1

0.! 0

0,1

c.je o

,04

.03

.02

0

,08

.09

.06

.-

.03

0

.04

0

.05

TOT. ORGAN 1C

15

16

£0

El

25

24

19

19

' -t

17

14

18

13.9


PARAMETER

Orthophosphate (as P)

Total Phosphorus

Ammonia (as N)

Nitrite (as N)

Nitrate (as N)

Total Kjeldalh Nitrogen

REFERENCE LEVEL AND SOURCE

0.1 mg/1 -Nutrient*

0.3 mg/1 -Nutrient*

0.89 mg/1 -Aquatic Life **

0.9 mg/1 -Nutrient***



* Guidelines for Developing or Revising Water Quality Standards, EPA WaterPlanning Division, April 1973

** Criteria for Water Quality, EPA, 1973 (Section 304(a)(l) Guielines)***Biological Associated Problems in Freshwater Environments, FWPCA, 1966, pp 132-3

Source: Virginia State Water Control Board

Table 7. Reference levels and source for selected water quality parameters.

LITTLE ISLAND CITYRtCRtATION AREA

Figure 1. Map of Back Bay, Virginia showing the location of stations for nutrient analysis,

TOTA L. Si US!:;:' EN D ED SO LI DS (rn g /I)LI U —

H[| •-

71:1 -

on -

an ••••

40 •-

31.1 ••••

7 II ••••

1 ! ! ••••

1.1 ••••

.

T"

/ .r (.

..'•'' ..•'' /

..-' ,.-' /

''./,//

••"''/"/',

' /'' / .-•'

' .••'' / r

' ••'' r'' t~>'" ..>'' ...'"

.'' .*'' .'.*' .•' .•'

•' y ,••' ,•>''' '"'' .•'*'

.•'' .-' .•''

' ••'' ' ,••' ••''•' ,/ .i'1

•'"•••••'ii: •••"I" PA

—

.' «' ('

' ' ••' ' i-''' ,•

' ' ' . •• ' ' . ••• ' .

••'/'"/'',••' ,.••' ..'•'.,••' ..•'' _/' ,.

•' i../ .,••''/•'' .••'' ••'' ••''"•••''"•••''",•,-'" ,•'' /'

•'' .-*'' .•''

*' ,-••' i,-i' ,-

.'' .'*' .•'*

•'* .-'' •'''

•' .•'

•'' .•' i'*'

i1' i' i'*

!

ETA ili

•'"''.'••'""/"!•1 / ' .-•' .••'/•'' /"''.••"'• ' ' ' . • • ' ' ! • • • ' ! •'-•'' '•••'/

//:'/::•••"/"',••'"'!•

,••' ..'' .r

•''•••"/"'/•' y'

'' ,-''' '•'"' »'

• ' ' . •• ' ' ,-•'',-

•' ,.•'' .•*'y' t.-1 y*

i'* .'* .''.'' .'*'* /

,-' .-•'' .-'*'

/*' y*' y'

•' .-'' I1'*

l! T"--'-J

KTA lii

''1 J' ['"'

•'' •'' r'

'* .-'" .-•'

•' ' r'"

•'"•-'" "•••' ' .-

' •••' I*'"' r

•' /' ,-'* .

i'"'* •' •''*' .'' .•'

''".•''",.••''',..' ' •'*' ••'

.'"' .•'' .-*'

»'" i1' i*r'' t '" ' .''

I1' .'' .''

•' .•' .•'*'

'::: ;:| :"-

KTA 13

>;;/;;>;' ' V'': - ' ' " ' ••' ••' ."'

'''-•'""!-••'".'.••••' '/•' ' ',•' ',••' ,.-' .1*'

.••'"' .'•''' .-•1 .•'' .•''' i'"'* .•'"' .•

•*'' .•'"' »'*•'"'' .••''' r'1'

,•'' ' .'' .'*'

•''* .•''l t1'

«'' .**' )•'*

.-' .•" .''

•''./'' /•''..•,••' (.i*' ,..*'

•'- "| •'•'••••

Err.-1-. 1 4

r-7-7-7

'',••'".•••'''./'

y" ..•' .r

.•'' .'*' .•'*

,-••' ,.••'' iy1'

.•' .-•' ••**

"'',,•''" ,•-'"/•

'''/'''/'/

,•' y ,-•'

• '* ' • ' •'' .

r*' .'*"' r'

i'' -•'" r'-'' ,.-'' /' .

•P < r' .-1' .•

•** .*'" t''

•• ' .*''"' .'•''' •' ••"' r'/' ,.•' (.-''

..•' ,.-'' y'

.•' -•' .'*••' .•' .-•'

'' "'"1 '

BTA 3D—

-, — .....

''/'/'/

.*' .-1' i*

'.••'''/''','•.-* _.-*

i'- • " * r'•* ,-•'* -• ' .

1*"' •'"' ••*'.••"' r1"' .-''*

' •'' ••'*' «•'.' .•'*

..-'' ,.-•' .''

••' .-'' .-•'y* .' '

*i™.*ii-~i:-1--STA 33

" i

Figure 2. Comparison of Total Suspended "Solids (mg/1) in Back Bay (as mean ofeach station for period April, 1986 to March, 1987) with EPA "ReferenceLevel".

tTTE (rnq/! as

1:1.1:1

IICI

1:1.:;!

in -

STA li! E!TA 14 ST.- STA

rn:i.,:

I'"" I"'STA 3 STA

Figure 3. Comparison of Total Nitrite level (mg/1) in Back Bay (as mean of eachstation for period April, 1986 to March, 1987) with EPA "Reference level.

NfT'RATE iVnn/i as N)

I'1!1'i;

111:1 -•

"U.B -

n.ri

1:1.4

••"iEiFA STA 3 STA 5 KTA El STA 14 STA 2CI ffl'A 3'J

r~

Figure 4. Comparison of Total Nitrate (mg/1) in Back Bay (as mean of each stationfor period April, 1986 to March, 1987) with EPA "Reference Level".

I1'-*.!ITROGEN, Tot, K |eIclahi (mq/i)

'•I 1:1 ....•i. . !.!

l-'i

:;!.:;! ••••

3 ••••

1.1:1 •-

1.1:1 ••••

•( .if. ._.

•i.:,? -

•i ....

0.1:1 -

111:1 ••••

11-1

1:1.:;! -

...

•

i -

.•'•' .''•' .••'

/XX.'••' .'••' ••'•',-••' ,••'•' /•''

.'••' .•' .•'.'• ,..'• ,.••' t.

•''' ..'•'' .1'''

i1'' r'1 r1'1

EPA

V/'"/

r' i'' .-'

/'/[./'•• /' _..'•

•' r'

••''' _..-'' (..-''

•' ' .-' .-•'

,••'' .-'•' .•''''h .••''' ,•• :' .-•''•' ..' ••' ,-

'',/.,• '"'/

•'"/'' '••'"/

.,•'' ..•' ./'

,-•'' ,••'' /''/ .•' .-''

' r'" ' •'•'' ..•''' ..-'' .r' r1' r'"' 1 ""

STA ?.i

'• '•"'•'"" '

.•'' .-•' .-

' ,-'' ..'

"'".••'"'/

..•••'"..•••"/

•'" .•''

,'•• ..•'"'.. '

••'' ••',.'

••' ••'' ..'•

.'•'' .•''' .•,-•'

..'

..* .-• ..

•'' •'' ..''

'•' •'"' /..''' ••' .• '

,.'

.. ' .r1'-•' .**

1 '

STA S

,-' ,•'" _.''

'•"'.••'"/"'

' /''' .••'' .••''.-'•'' .••' .-•''

...••' ...-'' i..-1'

•-''. •-'/•••' | ••'' ./''

:'' •'"' .•'

• ..' ,.'•' ,.

• ' " • • "/•'"/

.••'

.•'

.•'•' .••' .•''

I1' .«'•' .''

• . * .•'''

'' I'''

'"1 '

EiTA F.I

' '- '". '•'"'/

.•••"/"/"'.

.-' .••' .'*'

,-•' .i** _,''

/ f.'' ,i'

,.'* ,•' t..'

..'' )(*' .1'

/••'',.•••"/"

••''./•"'.,•'"/

•• ' ' " •" ' ••• ' " , ' •.''* t'1' I-1'.•'' .••' .-'''

'' ,•'' ' ••'' I'"

''/'",'•'"'',-'"

••''',//'[..

••' ••'•' .I''''

' .••''' r'' ••''' ' .-'•' .'•' ' .1'..'' _.'*' _..''

,••' ,••' ,••'•' '"1

EiTA 1 4

--;.-••;: ;:r

.'" .'*' 1*.''' .-"' l''

>••;/;/.••' ••' /'

•' •'*' r*

r'' ' .'''*' -•*'''

!-"'. '•"''. ••'''.*"' .•'' I*'

.'*'' ..•'' <•""'/" ..''' /'

.'" .'' l'*

',••''',•••''','•'

••''.-•'','•''',••' ••'•' .''•'

I1' .•'•' .I1' ..-' ,-

..' ..' ,.'

••'• .•'•• .-•'"

I1' I1' I1'ISTA :;!o

"• "i1 *i'"".-•' .-•' .••"'

' .''"'' ,••'"' .'"'.••'* ••'

•••''' .-•'' .-•*

r' •'

.'' ..•" y'

•' .•*' .'.' t'' i*''..'''' X .- ''

•' ,-•'*' .-•' •••' .•'' .-' .-

-'"/'/'" .'"' t "** •'

,-•'' ..'"' ...'*' /' .•*' r

.•*• .''• .•'•,.•' ,-•* ,.'*

rSTA 23

1

Figure 5. Comparison of Total Kjeldalh Nitrogen (mg/1) in Back Bay (as mean ofeach station for period April, 1986 to March, 1987) with EPA "ReferenceLevel".

AMMONIA (mg/l as N)

...j

CI.KI

11.1:1

lie

a. 5

a. 4

a.3

112

U.I

n;iA R'FA i!i STA !:>

,>;....,!..„,::;„.,

E:TA 'n

Figure 6. Camaprison of Total Ammonia (mg/1) in Back Bay (as mean of each station for period April,1986 to Mbrch, 1987) with EPA "Reference Level".

TOTAL PI IOSPI IORUS frna/i")n.35 -•

D.25 -

[1.3

1:1.1 ••••

'" "~T iSTA 5

r-

STA H STA 14 STA 30 STA 22

Figure 7. Comparison of Total Phosphorus (mg/1) in Back Bay (as mean of eachstation for period April, 1986 to March, 1987) with EPA "ReferenceLevel".

IORU3, ORTI 10 I'V

I''!'

11 1 -

licit! ••••

11. DH -

n ni:i «..LI . U 1.1 "

u.ns -

n.i].ii

i:i.i:i;!i ••••

mi:;! -

11. H I -

i.i i

',/.,••''/

•' .•'' ' ,••''

I'** r '/"!""' '"'-

/'/"'/'

,-•'' ,-•'' /

,-•' .'' i.'i.-•' ..-''

'"'.••'",'•••'"

.•"'' .-'

' • • ' ' ' • • • ' , •'/"'/'.,•

i1' r' r*iEPA

'/'.•'"'/•' .-' .-'"'

-'•' ' •'"' ••''

I1'*' i'"' •'

/ .1'

'' r' •''

•'•''...'•'''..•••''',.

' ' ' '••'"'•••'' ', '•

'•••'"'•••'''/:•' ,.'' ..''

,-•' ,-•' ,-•'' '"1

STA ;ii

,-• ' _ , • * .'',.••' (..-' .. •

.'''' .•' .•'

, • • • ' ' , •••' '/ 'r" r' r'

'r'"1

STA !:i

i-'1' ,-••' .••''

,-•' ,-•' .''i1*' ,•"' .•*'•*' .•'

' ' ' . • • ' ' , • • • ' •••"'/"'/"./ ...-•'',•••'

. '' ..'' .. '

r' r' i -1

' 1

STA i;i

, ' .•'

'' ••'' .•'' .-

./' ..-• . ••'.'"' .- r*

,•' r.'' i t''

r ''

• • •" ' • • • '.'•"!.

! • • • • " ' /,•' t ' ,-

.1! i!..,....i!iSTA 1 4

,•' ,.-' .r*

•"/•"'...•''"',.•

.'' .-'' r.''* ,-•' .•'

.••'' ,•*'' .-•'*

.'•'' .-'' /'y//f///,

\~ •''•'* .•' •'"

r' r' i''' T

STA :;!i:t

....,....,,......,.,

•'"'/'(''** .-•' r'

.*'' l'*' .''.''' r'* »''

.'•"' .«• '" _ , - •

/''..••'"' ,'•-'''_..' ,'•' I1'

.•' ' .-•' ••''

.••' .•' .•'

.:'.'.'.....,>'.'. :'.!....1STA :r.;i

i

Figure 8. Comparison of Total Ortho Phosphorus (mg/1) in Back Bay (as mean of eachstation for period April, 1986 to March, 1987) with EPA "Reference Level",

STARTING DATE 86/4 /28 SAMPLE DATE

Figure 9. Monthly level of Total Suspended Solids (mg/1)at Station 3, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

TlH-

00c1-1fD 00530 RESIDUE TOT NFLT MG/L

40 •0 120 160

o3rt

ol-tl

Hort03

C/3Cw

O.fDCL

C/3O

D.cn

300

03rt

03rtH-O3

oo

ooo>

O

</>rnTJ

m

amo

200—t—

240

—4—

03n?r

a?•<l-h

O mCD

00

rtO

03"Inrr

•30

00

o

UJ3ato111a:

onv>oo

STARTING DATE 86/4 728SAMPLE DATE

Figure 11. Monthly level of Total Suspended Solids (mg/l) at Station 9,' Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

1M?

ow

X(3

S

Z

»—O

UJr>oinUJa:

oninoo

NAY I JUN I JUL I AUG I SEP \T I MOV I DEC MAR I APR

STARTING DATE 86/4 /28SAMPLE DATE

Figure 12. Monthly level of Total Suspended Solids (mg/1) at Station 14, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

1987

Xo

UJr>a»-•toUJoc.

ofOinoo



E oo 4.

UJz>oV)UJ

oroinoo

I OCT I NOV I

1987

HAT I JUN I JUL I AUG I SEP DEC JAN I FEB MAR APR



1987

* 4-n To

UJr>a

IDroinoo


Figure 15. Monthly level of Volatile Suspended Solids (mg/1) at Station 3, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

1M7

X0

UJ30

COUJa:

10ninoo


Figure 16. Monthly level of Volatile Suspended Solids (rag/1) at Station 5, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987,

O

o>

UJ=>Q

V)UlQC

r>inoo

1987

MAY JUN I JUL I AUG ISEP I OCT I NOV I DEC JAN i FEB I MAR I APR IMAY

STARTING DATE 86/4 /28SAHPLE DATE

Figure 17. Monthly level of Volatile Suspended Solids (mg/1) at Station 9, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987,

00C

00 00535 RESIDUE VOL NFLT MG/L

00

IMF

Xo

tu3Q

Ul1C

V>n10oo


Figur^ 19. Monthly level of Volatile Suspended Solids (mg/1) at Station 20, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

1987

o

Z

_lO

UJr>oCOUJcr

tof>tooo


Figure 20. Monthly level of Volatile Suspended Solids (mg/1) at Station 22, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

00cnCO

00540 RESIDUE FIX NFLT MG/L

o3

fD<CD

Xroa.

cw

T3fD3a.fDO-

Q.W

ao

ffl

CDrt0)rfH-O3

UJ

td03n

Cd01

o

140

oo

rtO

3

Otr

oo

S .

(9

ow

X••*u.

Ulr>o

UJac

8

o . .

utoo

Iff 7


Figure 22. Monthly level of Fixed Suspended Solids (mg/1) at Station 5, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

3

xu.

UJr>a»•*

V)(Ua:

oo

s

o . .

e ..

inoo

MAY JUN I JUL AUG I SEP OCT I NOV DEC MAR APR IhAYSAMPLE DATE

STARTING DATE 86/4 /28


19S7

on

X

U-

LUOa»•«

V)UJa:

inoo



N.O

X o•— MU.

UJ3a

UJac

oo

DEC JAN I FEB


Figure 25. Monthly level of Fixed Suspended Solids (mg/1) at Station 20, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987,

8.

o 2

o .

-I Ou_ *

X.

Uu

HI3O

wUl

V)oo

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY

\997



1M7

O

O

Mr>

»—O

IMO

inu>oo

MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN I FEB I MAR APR MAY


Figure 28. Monthly level of Nitrite as Nitrogen (mg/1) at Station 5, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

r>O

o

•>f»

i<MO

V)

<0OO

MAY JUN I JUL I AUG I SEP i OCT I NOV I DEC JAN IFEB I MAR I APR JMAY


Figure 29. Monthly level of Nitrite as Nitrogen (rag/1) at Station 9, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

r>O

Ow

ICMO

to

OO

JAN MAR APR MAY



r»O

v.O

<

»—O

zI<MO

«ntooO

MAY I JUN I JUL i AUG I SEP I OCT I NOV I DEC

1987

JAN I FEB I HAR I APR IflAY


Figure 31. Monthly level of Nitrite as Nitrogen (mg/1) at Station 20, Back Bay fro April, 1986 to March, 1987,

r»O

x ;

o

CM . .

t—o

I<MO

in

oo

-fHAY I JUN I JUL I AUG I SEP j OCT j NOV I DEC JAN FEB I MAR I APR M A Y i

STARTING DATE 86/4 /28SAMPLE DAI£


f»o

Xo

8o

I—o

iroo

oCM<OOO

o6

oo

s

IM7

MAY JUN JUL I AUG SEP I OCT I NOV I DEC JAN i FEB I MAR I APR MAY


Figure 33. Monthly level of Nitrate as Nitrogen (mg/1) at Station 3, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

wr»

Xo

wo

t—O

o<M(0OO

wo

§

1M7

MAY JUN JUL AUG I SEP I OCT I NOV DE(L jJAH_LFEB MAR APR IMAY


Figure 34. Monthly level of Nitrate as Nitrogen (mg/1) at Station 5, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March 1987.

V.o

f»o

<»—o

8 5

<ooo 3

1987

MAY JUN | JUL I AUG 1 SEP I OCT I NOV I DEC JAN I FEB MAR APR MAY


Figure 35. Monthly level of Nitrate as Nitrogen (mg/1) at Station 9, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987

XO *)

N

o

»-o

Ino

oCM<£>OO

K.O

A A

MAY JUN JUL I AUG I SEP OCT I NOV DEC JAN FEB I hAR I APR |MAY



V.o

8o

<»—o

Ino

oc\tooo

So

S

MAY I JUN JUL I AUG SEP OCT I NOV DEC

IM7

JAN I FEB I MAR APR MAY



ofto

N

6

i—o

iroo

o<M<ooo

so

oo

MAY I JUN I JUL I AUG I SEP I OCT I NOV I DEC I JAN FEB MAR I APR MAYSAMPLE DATE

STARTING DATE 86/4 /28

Figure 38. Monthly level of Nitrite as Nitrogen (rag/1) at Station 22, Back Bay from April, 1986'to March, 1987.

1987

O

UJ

in<M<ooo


Figure 39. Monthly level of TKN (mg/1) at Station 3, Back Bay from April, 1986 to march, 1987.

CD

UJ-5

inCM«ooo


Figure 40. Monthly level of TKN (mg/1) at Station 5, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

Xo

oFt

M

N

O•N

IU

in<M«ooo

HAY I JUN I JUL I AUG I SEP I OCT I NOV I DEC

1987

JAN j FEB I HAR I APR



1987

O

UJ

to01(OOO

JAN FEB MAR APR



19«7



1987

J

O

UJ

inCslu>oo



Xo

t—o

M

6

z onx.

N

O

U>OO

HAY I JUN [ JUL AUG | SEP I OCT I NOV I DEC JAN I FEB MAR I APR MAY


Figure 45. Monthly level of Ammonia as Nitrogen (mg/1) at Station 3, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March 1987.

1987

Xo

»—o

u>oo

MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAY


Figure 46. Monthly level of Ammonia as Nitrogen (mg/1) at Station 5, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

Xo

no

tn

<0OO o

o

MAY JUN I JUL I AUG I SEP I OCT I NOV I DEC JAN FEB I MAR I APR |MAY



Xo

<I—o

no

•fro

<ooo

MAY JUN JUL I AUG I SEP I OCT I NOV DEC

1M7

JAN I FEB I MAR APR IMAY


Figure 48. Monthly level of Ammonia as Nitrogen (rag/1) at Station 14, Back Bay^ from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

1987



Xo

Mo

»—O

Xzn

rto

<OOO

MAY JUN JUL I AUG I SEP I OCT I NOV DEC JAN I FEB MAR APR MAY


Figure 50. Monthly level of Ammonia as Nitrogen (mg/1) at Station 22, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March 1987.

N.C3

ICOOXCL

inu><ooo

oo

no

oo

MAY JUN I JUL I AUG | SEP I OCT I NOV I DEC JAN JFEB MAR I APR


Figure 51. Monthly level of Total Phosphorus as P (mg/1) at Station 3, Back Bay from April, 86 to March, 1987.

o

Itoo

inu><ooo

1987

MAY I JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR I APR



oz:

i05OXQ_

in(D«0OO

(M

O

O

O

O•

O

no

1987

MAYL I JUN I JUL I AUG I SEP I OCT i NOV I DEC JAN I FEB MAR I APR



(9z:

oXQ_

V)<O<DOo

m

o

N

o

oo

o

r>o

s

198?

MAY | JUN I JUL I AU6 I SEP \T I NOV I DEC MAR IAPRSTARTING DATE 86/4 /28

SAMPLE DATE


XC9

ot—Io0.

in<ou>oo

W

O

oM

10

O

CM

O

O

o

oo

g

1987

HAY I JUN | JUL | AUG I SEP I OCT I NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR



o

ICOoXa.

10<ou>oo

r>o

s

1987

HAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR I APR


Figure 56. Monthly level of Total Phosphorus as P (mg/1) at Station 22, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March 1987.

I 917

O

OI

Vt

aiV)o

N.(Ooo §

JUL. i_ AUG


Figure 57. Monthly level of Ortho Phosphorus as P (mg/1) at Station 3, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March, 1987.

1M7

xo

o»—a:o

V)

oiwoX.0_

N.U>OO g


Figure 58. Monthly level of Ortho Phosphorus as P (mg/1) at Station 5, Back Bay froitApril, 1986 to March, 1987.

1987

Xo

oX

OI

(AOzOL

(OOO



0

oX

M

aiV)oT.a.

K.toOo

oo

o*o

Is.O

O

o

mo

o•o

oo

MO

1987

MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC JAN FEB MAR APR MAT



I9i7

O

OIOX0-

N.<OOO

I O C T \ 1 C

S


Figure 61. Monthly level of Ortho Phosphorus as P (mg/1) at Station 20, Back Bay from April, 1986 to March 1987.

H-00Ci-tCD

ON

O3rf3*

ro<fD

rt3"O

Oen

^3troi-!CCO

03en

00

COrt03rtH-O3

NJK3

W03n

i-hi-iO

•a

oo

03i-tnET

00671

0.00 0.01

PHOS-DIS ORTHO MG/L P

0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.0*

00

results of back bay nutrient ron southwick virginia

Documents