railway infrastructure & sustainability: crumb rubber ... infrastructure & sustainability: crumb...

RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE & SUSTAINABILITY: CRUMB RUBBER MODIFIED BITUMEN FOR SUB-

BALLAST LAYER

JULIA I. REAL HERRIZTransportation & railway engineering professor

Universidad politcnica de Valencia

I RAIL TECHNOLOGICAL FORUM FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION

PRIVATE COMPANIES

PUBLIC ENTITIES SUBCONTRACTED

Integrated project of CDTI national aid program

Starting Date SEPTEMBER 2009

Date of Approval APRIL 2010

End Date JANUARY 2012

TOTAL BUDGET 4.064.706,00

I RAIL TECHNOLOGICAL FORUM FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION

NDEX

1. Can we assure that rail transport is sustainable?

2. Can we add waste to railway infrastructure?

3. Can we add crumb rubber modified bitumen to sub-ballast?

I RAIL TECHNOLOGICAL FORUM FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION

1. Can we assure that rail transport is sustainable?

I RAIL TECHNOLOGICAL FORUM FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION

1. Can we assure that rail transport is sustainable?

SOURCES SAY THAT:

RAILWAY:

-Less emission Transport

-Efficient Transport

-Safe Transport

-Petrol-Independent Transport

I RAIL TECHNOLOGICAL FORUM FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION

2. Can we add waste to railway infrastructure?

I RAIL TECHNOLOGICAL FORUM FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION

2008/98/CE

2. Can we add waste to railway infrastructure?

-Waste+treatment= raw material

-0% disposal.

-Waste hierarchy:Energy recovery Recycling

-...

-Demolition waste Road gravelA-367-A-357 Malaga

-Steelworks waste Granular layersEje del Ballonti

-Dredging materials Fine aggregateTarragona Harbour

-...

I RAIL TECHNOLOGICAL FORUM FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION

BallastSub-ballast SleepersRailsFastenersElastomers

4.200 m38.000 t

5.000 m310.000 t

3.333 sleepers550 m3 concrete

50 t steel1.100 t aggregate 6.666 pads

3.333 sleeper pads

13.333 fasteners

240 t steel

2000 cable ducts150 m3 concrete

Cable ducts

2. Can we add waste to railway infrastructure?

I RAIL TECHNOLOGICAL FORUM FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION

3. Can we add crumb rubber modified bitumen to sub-ballast?

I RAIL TECHNOLOGICAL FORUM FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION

30 CM

BEARING CAPACITY

IMPERMEABILITY

3. Can we add crumb rubber modified bitumen to sub-ballast?

-Crumb rubber modified bitumen, is widely used in roads

-1978 PlusRide: First patent E.E.U.U.

-1994 First experience in Spain

I RAIL TECHNOLOGICAL FORUM FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION

2

22,,, )()( tzxzxzx

=++

d dd

9 cm

3. Can we add crumb rubber modified bitumen to sub-ballast?

Wave equation

HIGH VIBRATION ATTENUATION CAPACITY!

Visco-elastic behavior: Increased dynamic power dissipation at higher %Crumb Rubber (Viscosity: medium-high frequency) Increased Stiffness(Two order of magnitude: low frequency)

Closed MixtureGap Index < 6%

Gap Index Test(UNE- EN 12697-8)

Settlement

(mm)

Stress (Pa)

1,03 49.700

FACTORED STATIC LOAD(EISENMANN)

Qd=Qe*(1+t*s*)Qe=17 t/axle Qd=27 t/axle

EMBANKMENT: Type QS3(E=80Mpa)

I RAIL TECHNOLOGICAL FORUM FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION

SUB-BALLAST TYPE MATERIAL COST+PLACEMENT (/m3)GRANULAR SUB-BALLAST 20

CRM BITUMEN SUB-BALLAST 100

SUB-BALLAST TYPEBULDING COST

1 km DOUBLE TRACK ()

GRANULAR SUB-BALLAST 88.000CRM BITUMEN SUB-

BALLAST 128.000

SUB-BALLAST TYPE MATERIAL COST+ SHIPPING + PLACEMENT ()20 km 40 km 60 km 80 km 100 km

GRANULAR SUB-BALLAST 102.000 121.000 141.000 160.000 179.000

CRM BITUMEN SUB-BALLAST 135.000 141.000 147.000 154.000 160.000

3. Can we add crumb rubber modified bitumen to sub-ballast?

TestFATIGUE RESISTANCE

(UNE- EN 12697-24; part 24)

UNALTERABLE(10.106 load cycles)

Short termAcceptable economic cost

Long termAcceptable

economic cost

I RAIL TECHNOLOGICAL FORUM FOR INTERNATIONALIZATION

To sum up

1. Can we assure that rail transport is sustainable? YES

2. Can we add waste to railway infrastructure? YES

3. Can we add crumb rubber modified bitumen to sub-ballast? YES

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