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A Glimpse of Philippine Mythology

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Page 1: Phil.mythology

A Glimpse ofPhilippine Mythology

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•The deities of Philippine mythology are the gods, goddesses and diwatas worshipped by ancient Filipinos before the Christianization of the natives after the Spanish conquest of the Philippines. While not as widely known as its European and Asian counterparts, they have similar elements and characteristics when compared to other mythologies.

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Ancient Tagalog Deities

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Bathala• The supreme god of the Tagalogs; creator of man and 

earth and addressed sometimes as Bathalang 

Maykapal. • He dwells in Kaluwalhatian 

together with the lesser gods and goddesses. 

• Aside from the lesser gods and goddesses, he sent his anitos in order to assist the daily lives of 

every human. • When most of the natives were 

converted to Christianity during the Spanish Era, he was 

referred to the Christian God.

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Amanikable• The ill-tempered god of the sea because among the 

first generation gods (aside from Bathala), he was 

never married after his love was spurned by a beautiful mortal maiden, Maganda. • In frustration, he swore 

vengeance against the humans by sending 

turbulent waves and horrible tempest in order 

to wreck boats and to drown men.

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Idiyanale• Known by the Tagalogs as the god of animal husbandry and aquaculture  by others the god of agriculture,

• the god who is in charge of animal welfare and aquatic resources, he usually lives in the woods and guards the animals from hunters, also on waters takes in charge of the fishes and other marine life.

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Dumangan• The goddess of good 

harvest. • She was 

married to Idiyanale and 

had two offspring.

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Lakampati• She is major fertility deity of the ancient 

Tagalogs. • Farmers with their children brought 

offerings for him at the fields and invoke him to protect them from 

famine. Some sources also said that foods and words are offered to him by 

his devotees asking for "water" for their fields and "fish" when they set sail in 

the sea for fishing. • Lakampati was a hermaphrodite deity 

and was commented by some authors and friars as “the hermaphrodite devil 

who satisfies his carnal appetite with men and women”. 

• He is identified to the ancient Zambal goddess Ikapati although he/she also has a characteristics similar to other 

Zambal deities such as Anitong Tawo, Dumangan, Damulag, Kalasokus, and 

Kalaskas.

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Mayari• The goddess of moon and one of the 

three daughters of Bathala by a mortal 

women. • She was the most charming of all the goddesses and had 

two sister namely Tala and Hanan.

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Tala• The goddess of the stars; 

• sister of Mayari and Hanan and 

one of the three daughters of Bathala by a 

mortal woman.

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Hanan• The goddess of morning; 

• sister of Mayari and Tala and one 

of the three daughters of Bathala by a 

mortal woman.

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Dumakulem• The strong, agile guardian of 

mountains and the son of Idiyanale and Dumangan. • His sister was 

Anitun Tabu. • He later married 

Anagolay.

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Anitun Tabu• The fickle-minded goddess of wind 

and rain. • She was the 

daughter of Idiyanale and 

Dumangan and the sister of 

Dumakulem.

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Anagolay• The goddess of lost things and the 

only offspring of Lakapati and 

Mapulon. • She was married 

to Dumakulem.

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Apolaki• The god of sun and was chiefly 

the patron of warriors. 

•He was the son of Anagolay 

and Dumakulem.

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Diyan Masalanta

• The goddess of love, conception and childbirth 

and the protector of lovers. 

• She was the daughter of Anagolay and Dumakulem 

and youngest of all the deities. 

• After the conversion of the natives to Christianity 

during the Spanish Era, she was then referred 

as Maria Makiling.

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FAMOUS PHILIPPINE DIWATAS

1.Mariang Makiling2.Mariang Sinukuan3.Maria Cacao4.Diwata ng Kagubatan

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Mariang Makiling• The most famous of all

the enchantress in the Philippine mythology and folklore.

• She was the protector and guardian of Mount Makiling located in Los Baños, Laguna. Thus, modern sightings of her were even reported.

• Maria Makiling is a common theme among Filipino artists, ranging from painters and sculptors to graphic novelists. Before, the Spanish arrived in the Philippines, she was known as Diyan Masalanta.

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Mariang Sinukuan

• She was the resident and protector of Mount Arayat located in Arayat, Pampanga

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Maria Cacao• She dwells

in Mount Lantoy, Argao, Cebu where she had cacao trees, hence a plantation outside her own cave.

• After harvest, rain comes that wash down the mountain, enabling her to float down to the towns below in her golden ship to sell her products.

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Diwata ng Kagubatan• Also known as Virgen Del Monte,

she was worshiped by the ancient Cuyunon of Cuyo Island, Palawan.

• She is honored in a celebrated feast, periodically held atop of Mount Caimana in the mentioned island.

• When most of the natives were converted to Christianity during the Spanish Era, about 2/3 of the converted Cuyunon are still celebrating her feast that upset the Spanish authorities. The situation led the Spanish authorities to intensify their evangelization and governance efforts.

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PHILIPPINE MYTHICAL CREATURES

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Aswang

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Kapre

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Siyokoy

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Manananggal

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Kantanod

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Tiyanak

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Tikbalang

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Diwata

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Nuno sa Punso

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Sirena

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