Livestock and Poultry Sectors in Pakistan

By Allah dad Khan

Livestock in national economyLivestock in national economyLivestock in Pak GDP 11.4 %Share in agri. GDP 53.2 %Livestock in export 8.5 % Dependent families > 8.5 mProvides raw material for industrySocial security for rural poorSecurity against crop failure in

barani areas

Livestock Population (Million Heads)

Province Cattle Buffalo Sheep Goat Camel

Pakistan (2006) 29.6 27.3 26.5 53.8 0.9Pakistan (2010) 34.3 30.8 27.8 59.9

1.0

Per cent distribution

Khyber Phakhtunkhaw 20 7 13 18 7Punjab 49 65 24 37 22Sindh 23 27 15 23 30Balochistan 8 1 48 22 41

Economic Survey (2009-10)Livestock Census (2006)

Livestock Population Trend

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

1955 1960 1972 1976 1986 1996 2006

Census Year

Nu

mb

ers

(X 0

00)

Cattle

Buffaloes

Sheep

Goats

Number of households reporting livestock (2006)

Herd Size

Cattle Buffalo Flock Size

Sheep Goat

1-6 5.204

(84.1)

5.001

(83.4)

1-30 1.390

(88.9)

6.576

(96.7)

7-15 0.826

(13.3)

0.843

(14.1)

31-75 0.119

(7.6)

0.173

(2.5)

16-50 0.140

(2.3)

0.140

(2.3)

76-350 0.050

(3.2)

0.049

(0.7)

> 50 0.018

(0.3)

0.012

(0.2)

> 350 0.005

(0.3)

0.004

(0.1)

Total 6.188

(100)

5.996

(100)

Total 1.564

(100)

6.802

(100)

Values in parentheses indicate %age

Million Households

Herd Size Profile in Pakistan (2006)

Herd Size

Cattle Buffalo Flock Size

Sheep Goat

1-6 14.9

(50.3)

14.4

(52.7)

1-30 9.9

(37.4)

36.2

(67.3)

7-15 7.7

(26.1)

7.8

(28.6)

31-75 5.5

(20.8)

7.8

(14.5)

16-50 3.3

(11.1)

3.2

(11.7)

76-350 6.9

(26.0)

6.5

(12.1)

> 50 3.7

(12.5)

1.9

(7.0)

> 350 4.2

(15.8)

3.3

(6.1)

Total 29.6

(100)

27.3

(100)

Total 26.5

(100)

53.8

(100)

Million animals

Values in parentheses indicate %age

Livestock Production SystemsCattle and Buffaloes

- Rural Subsistence Small Holdings

- Rural Market Oriented Small Holdings

- Rural Commercial Farming- Peri-urban/Urban Commercial

Dairying- Desert Cattle Farming- Corporate Dairy Farming

Sheep and Goats- Nomadic- Transhumant- Sedentary / Household

Poultry- Rural (range) Poultry- Intensive Poultry

Traditional Rural Poultry

Almost every rural household and some urban households raise poultry

Poultry Population 73.65 million

Contribution to egg production 41.6%Contribution to meat production 24.3%Breeds: 3 local, 2 importedHatching: Brooding hensFeeding: ScavengersImportant Diseases: Newcastle disease,

Fowl cholera, Fowl pox

Census 2006

Intensive (Commercial) PoultryHistory

1963-65 Beginning of commercial poultry 1970s Broiler and layer farms 1980s Breeders farms, chick quality improvement 1990s Grand parents, better management 2000s Environmentally controlled housing,

Processing and value chainStatus

Share in poultry meat 75.7 % Share in eggs 58.4 % Grand parents 5 companies Breeders 6.8 million Layers 25 million Broilers 434 million Farms 25,897 Hatcheries 305 Feed Mills 154

Dairy Sub-sectorTotal milk production (09-10) 36.299 m

tonsMilk market

Producers (self or direct selling) 68.0 % Informal market (Gawala operated) 28.5 % Formal dairy industry 3.5 %

Dairy industry 25 out of 49 dairy plants are operational Main players are Nestle, Engro, Haleeb,

Shakargang, Millac Main products are UHT and Pasteurized milk,

Milk powder, Yougurt, Cream, Cheese, etc. 3.0 million litres per day being procurement Rs 63 million daily going to rural economy

Meat Sub-sector Total meat production (09-10) 2.965 million tons

Beef Production 1.655 million tons Mutton Production 0.603 million tons Poultry Meat 0.707 million tons

Meat market Butchers operated shops, many slaughter at shops Main players at slaughter house are “Arties” Mainly fresh meat selling A few chilled meat selling modern butcheries started

Meat industry 80 % slaughtering done outside out side

slaughterhouses Local governments own and operate slaughter

houses, generally rated as unhygienic 11 private sector slaughter houses registered by

Animal Quarantine Department and importing countries

Total export is < 0.6 percent of the production 46 casing factories processing guts for export Bone meal / gelatin also being exported

Roles in Livestock Development Federal

National policies, planning & economic coordination

Import/export of animals and animal products and animal quarantine

Research and international coordination Catalyst for livestock development

Provincial Livestock Development Veterinary Vaccine Production Disease surveillance and reporting Livestock research Livestock production and health education Milk and meat quality

District Veterinary Health service (Preventive & Curative) Breeding services (Artificial insemination) Animal slaughtering Livestock Markets

Veterinary Institutions in Pakistan

Region

Vet faculty

Res/Vac Inst.

Hospital

Dispensaries

Vet. Centres

Labs

Punjab

6 1 530 1213 1713 28

Sindh 1 2 119 60 608 7

NWFP 2 1 98 363 218 7

Baloch.

1 1 116 783 - 15

AJK 1 - 59 66 129 6

NA - - 12 165 - 7

FATA - - 25 212 207 1

ICT - 1 4 7 - 1

Total 11 6 963 2869 2875 72

Production Institutions in Pakistan

Region

Teach faculty

Research Institute

Tech Trg Ins

SP + AI centres

Farm (L+P)

Ext Centre

Punjab

6 4 2 6+835 22+9 -

Sindh 1 1 2 2+76 5+14 -

KPK 1 1 1 3+331* 5+3 -

Baloch.

1 1 1 1+64 14+18

-

AJK 1 1 - 38 1+4 184

NA - - - 1+4 -

FATA - - - 1+118 +1 -

ICT - - - +11 - 1

Total 10 8 6 13+1473

48+53

185

Livestock Development Constraints

Inadequate feed resources (short by 30%)Widespread breeding of genetically

inferior livestockEpidemics of infectious diseasesPoor marketing infrastructureInadequate institutional infrastructureOutdated regulatory frameworkLimited credit availability to the livestock

farmers (1/10 of agricultural credit)Low investment by government

Livestock Development Policy Vision

Promoting livestock to provide safe and quality products at competitive prices, covering entire value chain with focus on market and poverty reduction

PolicyPrivate sector led development with public sector providing enabling environment

Strategy Private sector led Increase in productivity Moving from subsistence farming to

market-oriented and commercial farming Covering entire value chain

Poultry Development Policy Vision

Supply of wholesome poultry meat, eggs and value added products to the domestic and international markets at competitive prices

PolicyFacilitate and support private sector-led development for sustainable poultry products

Strategy Hi-tech intensive poultry production Processing and value addition Improving bio-security Disease control and genetic improvement

in rural poultry