BREEDS OF ANIMALS

BY ALLAH DAD

KHAN

Breeds of Animals

1.Buffaloes2.Cattles3.Sheep4.Goats

1.Bufalloe

1.Nili Ravi2.Kundi

Nili-Ravi buffalo

The Nili-Ravi buffalo is a milk type of buffalo breed. They are found mainly in Lahore, Sheikhupura, Faisalabad, Sahiwal, Multan and Bahawal Nagar districts in Punjab Province. Their color is black and their average weight at maturity is 800 kg for the male and 525 kg for the female.  

 They have a wedge shape, massive frame, small curly horns, and wall eyes. They often have white markings on the forehead, face, muzzle and legs and white switch of tail (buffaloes with such markings highly desired and popularly called "Panj Kalian"). They have a large, strong udder and are generally docile. Average age at maturity is 30 months in males and 36 months in females. Longevity of production is good. White markings extending above hock and knee and over the neck and body, constitute a serious disqualification. 

Kundi

The colour is usually jet black with white markings on tail and face and extremities sometimes found.

The tightly curved horn is an important character of this breed. 

The body size is massive, neck and head are comparatively long. 

Head of females is short, fine and clear cut.Hips are broad and fore and hind quarters are drooping.The buffalo cows of this breed are one of the most efficient

milk and butter fat producers in India. Butter fat content is 7% Average lactation yield is vary from

1500-2500 kg the average milk yield is 6.8 kg/day.While a few individual animals yield much as 19.1 kg/day.Age at first calving is 45-50 months and inter calving period

is 450-500 days.

2.Cattle

1.Red Sindhi ( Milch)2.Sahiwal ( M)3.Dhanni (Draught)4.Lohani (D)5.Rojhan (D)6. Holstein Friesian(M)7.Jersey (M)8.Achai ( M)9.Azakhel (M)10.Kundi ( mand D)

1.Red Sindhi

Red sindhi cow breed originated from Pakistan. Karachi, Lasbela and Hyderabad are the ancient living place of this cow. The color of this breed is red and so that they are known as Red Sindhi. This cow breed can be found in Pakistan, India, UK, Canada, Indonesia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Africa and some other country.

2.Sahiwal

The Sahiwal originated in the dry Punjab region which lies along the Indian-Pakistani border. They were once kept in large herd by professional herdsmen called "Junglies".

However with the introduction of irrigation to the region they began to be kept in smaller numbers by the farmers of the region, who used them as draft and dairy animals.The Sahiwal is tick-resistant, heat-tolerant and noted for its high resistance to parasites, both internal and external.

Cows average 2270 kg of milk during a lactation while suckling a calf and much higher milk yields have been recorded.

As oxen they are generally docile and lethargic, making them more useful for slow work.

Their color can range from reddish brown through to the more predominant red, with varying amounts of white on the neck, and the underline. In males the color darkens towards the extremities, such as the head, legs and tails.

Sahiwal

Sahiwal

3.Dhanni

The Dhanni is of medium size, compact body with comparatively straight back, fine skin, small head, stumpy horns, ears small and alert, compact hump, small dewlap, tight sheath, whip like tail ending in a white switch, and a small udder. It is a sturdy animal having great agility, suitable for light draught work. The following variations in body color of Dhanni animals are generally found:

predominately white coat with black spots (Chitta Burga)  predominately black coat with white spots (Kala Burga)  white mottles with brown and black patches (Nuqra) Greater part is red with white spotting on certain parts of

the body (Ratta Burga).

Dhani

4.Lohani

LohaniThe Lohani is a draft type that is found in the Loralai

district in Pakistan's Baluchistan Province and Dera Ismail Khan in NWF Province. They have a red coat splashed with white spots. Their average weight at maturity is 300 kg  for the males and 235 kg for the females. 

They have a short-stature and a small size. Short thick horns, small ears, short neck, well developed hump, moderate dewlap, black switch of tail, small tucked up udder in cows, and it is a hardy and sure-footed animal. Male stock are suitable for light work in hilly and sub-hilly areas

Lohani

Lohani cattle are small sized and short structured ,body color is red splash with white spots they have short thick horn,small ears a short neck,well developed hump,moderate dewlap,black tail switch small tucked up udder and a low milk yield. adult male is about 300 kg and female is 280 kg.these cattle are very hardy and sure footed male stock is for light work in hilly and sub hilly areas

lohani

Jersey cow

The Jersey breed originated on the Island of Jersey, a small British island in the English Channel off the coast of France. The Jersey is one of the oldest dairy breeds, having been reported by authorities as being purebred for nearly six centuries.

The breed was known in England as early as 1771 and was regarded very favorably because of its milk and butterfat production. At that early date, the cattle of Jersey island were commonly referred to as Alderney cattle although the cattle of this island were later referred to only as Jerseys. Jersey cattle were brought to the United States in the 1850's.

Cow identification

Cows show very marked refinement about their heads and shoulders, carry long, straight top lines, and usually carry out long and level at the rump. For their size, they are usually deep in the body and full and deep in the barrel. There is no more appealing dairy animal than the well-balanced Jersey cow, and although usually somewhat more nervous in disposition than the other dairy cows, she is usually docile and rather easy to manage. Jersey cows usually have an extreme weight range of between 800 and 1200 pounds, but medium-sized cows are usually preferred

Jersey Bull Identification

Jersey bulls, while small as compared to the other dairy breeds, are extremely masculine. They are quite muscular about their crests and shoulders and are considerably less refined throughout than are the females. The same general qualities of straight lines and diary conformation as are found in the cows are desired in bulls. They usually range in weight from 1200 to 1800 pounds, but as in the females, medium weights are usually preferred. Jersey bulls are known for having the least docile temperament of the common breeds of cattle. It is folly to trust any dairy bull and particularly Jerseys past eighteen months of age.

Holstein

Origin of the BreedThe Holstein cow originated in Europe. The major

historical developement of this breed occured in what is now theNetherlands and more specifically in the two northern provices of North Holland and Friesland which lay on either side of the Zuider Zee. The original stock were the black animals and white animals of the Batavians and Friesians, migrant European tribes who settled in the Rhine Delta region about 2,000 years ago.For many years, Holsteins were bred and strictly culled to obtain animals which would make best use of grass, the area's most abundant resource. The intermingling of these animals evolved into an efficient, high-producing black-and-white dairy cow.

Sheep

1.Thin Tailed breeds2.Fat tailed breeds

Thin Tailed Breeds

1.Bakarwal 2.Buchi3.Cholistani4.Damani5.Kachhi6.Kaghani 7.Kajli8.Thalli9.Kari10.Lohi

1.Bakkarwal Sheep

The nomadic Gujjars and Bakerwals of Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh. In Jammu & Kashmir, these nomadic people are cow/buffalo herders (esp. Gujjars) and goat/sheep herders (esp. Bakharwals/dhangar). However, the two groups are very closely associated and intermarry, and commonly referred to as the "Gujjars and Bakarwals." Photographed in Rajouri, Jammu & Kashmir.

2.Buchi

Buchi shep is the promising breds of Pakistan,native to Cholistan; a desert area of Punjab Province,exceding 1.8 milion heads with a high degre ofadaptabilty to hot and humid conditons. Bred is usualyraised for the production of muton but it has a greatperspective in the production of wol as wel. Themasive potential of Buchi bred has led to a largenumber of genetic improvement strategies. In global

fodand leather perspectives there is a dire ned of

improvingindigenous breds

3.Cholistani

This breed has a black to brown head and ears with a white body. They have stubby, small ears and are locally called 'Buchi'.[1] The Cholistani has a long tail.[2]

Mature rams weigh 48.5 kg (107 lb) and ewes weigh 34 kg (75 lb). On average, the average height at the withers of mature rams is 75 cm (30 in) and ewes is 66 cm (26 in). At birth and on average, rams weigh 3.5 kg (7.7 lb) and ewes weigh 3.0 kg (6.6 lb).[2]

Ewes have an average litter size of 1.05 lambs. During an average lactation cycle of 110 days, ewes produce 45 kg (99 lb) of milk

4.Damani

The Damani is a thin tail, mutton and wool breed which is found in the Dera Ismail Khan district and part of Bannu district in NWF Province of Pakistan.They are small to medium with a white body coat with a black or tan head and camel colored legs. The wool yield is 1.5 kg (coarse; fiber diameter 44.0m). They have small ears. The udder and teats are well 

5.Kachhi

The Kachhi is a thin tailed, mutton and wool type of sheep. It is found in the Ran of Katchh, Tharparker district and adjoining desert area of Sind Province of Pakistan.They are medium sized with a white body coat with a brown or blackish stumpy head. Legs often have brown markings. The wool yield is 2.0 kg (medium; fiber diameter 40.0m). They have a prominent 

6.Kaghani

7.Kajili

Habitat  Sargodha, parts of Gujrat, Mandi baha-ud-din, and Mianbwali Districts in Punjab are its home tract  Physical Characteristics  Kajli are large animals. The body, neck, and legs are white, the muffle and lower one-third of the ears are often black, the black circles around their eyes-from, which they get their name, are the distinguishing features. They have a typical Roman nose, long and pendulous ears, well-developed and muscular body, and short tail. Their lang legs give them a high set appearance. Adult males weigh above 55kg and females 45kg. Average height, length and chest girth is 85 cm, 82 cm, and 105 cm respectively. Wool yield per head is 3 kg per annum, and fiber diameter is 37 micron. Kajli sheep are raised for mutton and wool. Males are highly prized as sacrificial animals for the occasion of Eid ul-Azha

8.Kari

Kari is one of the unique genetic resource found in Chitral. the uniqueness of the breed is that it gestates in a shorter interval of three months to five months, which is unique for the specie on the globe. The Kari is a mini size sheep, producing fine wool. Two research projects have been completed and the third is on-going, which is expected to yield more precise data and could give the future course of action for research.

9.Lohi

The Lohi is found in southern Punjab in Pakistan. It is used for its carpet quality wool and meat production. The body of the breed is white and the head is usually tan, black or brown. 

The mature weight of the males is 65kg with the female at 45kg.  The average annual wool clip is 3.0kg of medium wool (39.8m fiber diameter).  Average daily milk production from the Lohi ewes is 1.2 liters. 

The very large lop ears, which are usually also tasseled, are the most distinctive feature of the breed. Both sexes are polled. 

10.Poonchi

10.Thalli

 Habitat  This breed is named after the Thall desert, its native tract. These sheep are now found extensively in Mianwali, Muzaffargarh, Multan, parts of Jhang and Sargodha Districts of Punjab  Physical Characteristics  One with small head and long ears. The other with large head and short ears. Those with short ears have comparatively larger bodies. In contrast the strain with long ears has smaller but stout legs. In spite of this variation, both strains fall within the range of medium sized animals. The body is generally white with a black or brown head. Occasionally animals are black with white spots. Legs below the knees/hocks are black spotted. They have a slightly Roman nose, and small tail. Adult males and females weigh about 32 kg and 27 kg, respectively. Wool yield per head is 1.5 kg per annum and fiber diameter is 37 micron. The mean daily milk yield is 0.7 litre during a 100 day lactation period. Thalli sheep are considered sturdy animals

11.Thalli

2.Fat tailed breeds

1. Balkhi2. Balochi3. Bibrik4. Dumbi5. Damani6. Gojal7. Hashtnagri8. Michni9. Tariha10. Wazari

1.Balkhi

The Balkhi is a fat tailed mutton type. It is found in theKPK Province of Pakistan and tribal areas and in adjoining areas of Afghanistan. They are a large size with body color varying from black, tan, gray or their admixture, often extending to the head and legs as well. The wool yield is 2.0 kg (coarse; fiber diameter 43.5u). The ears are moderately long, the body is muscular and compact, and a tucked up fat tail. They have a low fiber density

2.Balochi

The Baluchi sheep is a fat-tail breed well adapted to a wide range of harsh environmental conditions in eastern Iran, one of the arid subtropical areas of the world. The fleece is white with pigmented head and legs. The wool is coarse with modulation. Body size varies between 35 and 40 kg in adult ewes, milk yield between 40 and 50 Kg in a period of about 125 days and annual greasy fleece weight between 1.3 and 1.8 Kg.

3.Bibrik

he Bibrik is a fat tailed, mutton/type sheep that is found in parts of Loralai and Sibi districts in Baluchistan Province of Pakistan.They are a medium sized breed. Their body color is white with a black or brown head. The wool yield is 1.7 kg (coarse; fiber diameter 41.5m). The fat tail is short and wide

4. Dumbi

Fat-tailed sheep are hardy and adaptable, able to withstand the tough challenges of desertlife. When feed is plentiful and parasites not a major factor, fat-tailed sheep can be large in size and growth. The carcass quality of these sheep is quite good, with most of the fat concentrated in the tail area - it could account for as much as 10 pounds (4.5 kilograms) of the weight on a 60 pound (27 kilogram) carcass

5.Damani

he Damani is a thin tail, mutton and wool breed which is found in the Dera Ismail Khan district and part of Bannu district in NWF Province of Pakistan.They are small to medium with a white body coat with a black or tan head and camel colored legs. The wool yield is 1.5 kg (coarse; fiber diameter 44.0m). They have small ears. The udder and teats are 

6.Gojal

7.Hashtnagar

8.Michni

9.Tirah

10. Waziri

he Waziri is a fat tailed mutton/wool type. They are found in the Waziristan area and Bannu district in NWF Province in Pakistan. They are a medium size with a white body coat with a black or black spotted head. The wool yield is 1.5 kg (fine; fiber diameter 32.9m). They have a muscular body, small ears and a heavy fat tail reaching the hocks

4.Goat

1.Beetal2.Teddy3.Kaghani4.Dameni5.Buchi6.Jattal7.Gaddi

1.Beetal Goat

Habitat  Beetal goats are almost found in all irrigated areas of Punjab, particularly the districts of Multan, /Sahiwal, Okara, Lahore Sheikhupura, Faisalabad, Toba Tak Singh Jhang, Sargodha, Jhelum, Gujranwal, Gujrat, Mandi Baha-ud-Din and Sialkot  Physical Characteristics  General body colour is golden brown to black and spotted with black and white, or brown with white or black patches. The body is compact and well developed with short hair. The head is massive with broad nose and long broad and pendulous ears. Horns are long and spiral in males but short in females. They have long stout legs and short tail. Adult males and females weigh 46 kg and 37 kg respectively. The udder is well developed with beautiful long teats. Milk yield is 290 litres per lactation of 130 days. Almost 50 percent of the births are twins or triplets. These goats are raised for milk and meat purposes

2.Teddy Goat

Habitat The breed was imported from Bangladesh and has adapted very well in Punjab, mainlyu in the districts of Gujrat, Jhelum, Sargodha, Rawalpindi and the adjoining areas of Azad Kashmir  Physical CharacteristicsThese goats have creamy white, brown, black or patched colour. It is small in size, with compact body, small and alert ears with slightly prominent nose. The head is small, the horns small and twisted. But polled animals are also found. Bucks often have beards. Legs are short and strong with muscular hindquarters. The udder is moderately developed with short, conical teats. Twins and triplets are observed in 50 and 15 percent births respectively. Teddy goats are raised for mutton. These goats are very active, look healthy and become mature at a very early age, about 6 to 8 months. The average weight of female and male is 20 kg-25kg and 30 kg-35kg respectively 

3.Kaghani

The Kaghani is a meat type that is found in the valley of Hazara district and surrounding areas in NWF Province, Pakistan. They are a large size with a white, gray, brown or black body coat. Their meat conformation is considered to be medium to good. Kaghani goats yield a good crop of long hair (per head/year 2 kg) with an under coat of cashmere wool used for expensive pashmina fabrics.

4.Dameni

The Damani is a milk goat found in the Bannu and Dera Ismail Khan districts in NWF Province, Pakistan.  They are medium in size with a mature weight of approximately 35 kg.  They typically have a black hair coat with tan head and legs.  The daily average milk production from the does is 1.8 liters.  Charateristics of the breed include a long hair coat and well developed udders. 

5.buchhi

Name of breed: Buchi. Type: Meat . Habitat: Parts of Kotli, Poonch & Muzaffarabad districts in Azad Kashmir . Colour: Black or grey . Size: Small . Average body 

6.jattal

Name of breed: Desi (Jattal) Type: Meat . Habitat: Mirpur & Kotli districts in Azad Kashmir . Colour: Black . Size: Small . Average body weight (kg): 20-25

7.Gaddi

Medium-sized animals. Coat color is mostly white, but black and brown and combinations of these are also seen. Both sexes have large horns, directed upward and backward and occasionally twisted. Ears are medium long and drooping. The nose line is convex. The udder is small and rounded, with small teats placed laterally. The hair is white, lustrous and long.

Foot-and-Mouth Disease

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