BY Allah Dad Khan

Tories

Population Depletion In Pakistan

Total Theatened Species = 45Critically endangered = 4Endangered = 12Vulnerable = 29Out of these 45 Species Mammals = 18Birds = 17Reptiles = 9

Threat to Wild life

1. Threatened species2. Use of modern technology in Agriculture3. Lack of Awareness4. Weak law enforcement5. Insufficient inventories and data6. Limited Resources7. Lack of research /medical facilities

Direct threats to Wild life

1. Natural hazards2. Lack of prey species3. Mis management of pastures)4. Introduction of exotics ( Trout Carp)5. Illegal poaching of wild animals to sell in

down country ( brown bear)6. Killing by herdsman to protect their

livestock

Conservation of Endangered Species

1. Hingol National Park2. Kirthar National Park ( Sindh) , established 1974, area 3, 08,733 ha. )3. Khunjerab National Park ( Northern Areas ) established 1975, area 2,

27,143 ha.)4. Chitral Gol National Park ( Chitral) established 1984, area 7,750 ha.)5. Lal Suhanra National Park ( Bahawalpur) Punjab, established 1972, area

51,368 ha6. Hazarganji-Chiltan National Park ( Baluchistan) established 1980, area

15,555 ha)7. Margalla Hills National Park ( Islamabad) established 1980, area 15,883

ha)8. Ayubia National Park ( Abbottabad) established 1984, area 3,122 ha. )9. Deosai National Park Gilgit-Baltistan, established 1993, area 3, 63,600 ha10. Machiara National Park AJ & K, established 1996, area 13,532 ha.11. Sheikh Badin National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established 1999, area

15,540 ha

01. Margallah Hills National Park: Islamabad, established 1980, area 15,883 ha.02. Hazarganji Chiltan National Park: Balochistan, established 1980, area 15,555 ha.03. Hingol National Park: Balochistan, established 1997, area 6, 19,043 ha.04. Kirthar National Park: Sindh, established 1974, area 3, 08,733 ha.05. Ayubia National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established 1984, area 3,122 ha.06. Chitral Gol National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established 1984, area 7,750 ha.07. Sheikh Badin National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established 1999, area 15,540 ha.08. Saiful Maluk National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established 2003, area 12,026 ha.09. Lulosar Dodipat National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established 2003, area 75,058 ha.10. Broghil Valley National Park: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, established August 25, 2010, Area 134,744 ha.11. Khunjerab National Park: Gilgit-Baltistan, established 1975, area 2, 27,143 ha.12. Hunderab Shandoor National Park: Gilgit-Baltistan, established 1993, area 1, 65,000 ha.13. Deosai National Park: Gilgit-Baltistan, established 1993, area 3, 63,600 ha.

14. Central Karakoram National Park: Gilgit-Baltistan, established 1993, area 9, 73,845 ha.15. Qurumber National Park: Gilgit-Baltistan, established August 2, 2011, area 74,000 ha.16. Machhiara National Park: AJ & K, established 1996, area 13,532 ha.17. Ghamot National Park: AJ & K, established 2004, area 27,271 ha.18. Pir Lasoorha National Park: AJ & K, established 2005, area 1,580 ha.19. Toli Pir National Park: AJ & K, established 2005, area 1,000 ha.20. Musk Deer Gorez National Park: AJ & K, established 2007, area 52,815 ha.21. Deva Vatala National Park: AJ & K, established 2007, area 2,993 ha.22. Poonch River Mahaseer National Park: AJ & K, established 201123. Lal Suhanra National Park: Punjab, established 1972, area 51,368 ha.24. Chinji National Park: Punjab, established 1987, area 6, 097 ha.25. Kala Chitta National Park: Punjab, established Dec. 2008, area 36,965 ha.26. Murree-Kotli Sattian-Kahuta National Park: Punjab, established Sep. 2009

Agriculture Land And Biodiversity

Agricultural lands are extremely important to the long-term maintenance of biodiversity. They provide habitat for many species of birds, fish, amphibians, reptiles, ungulates, carnivores, and invertebrates. Some of these species depend largely on the natural areas within agricultural landscapes. Others have adapted to croplands and pasturelands and thrive in and around domesticated plants and animals. 

Vision for the Future

We envision an agricultural landscape in which native plant and animal communities co-exist with agriculture and sustain ecosystems over time. Farmers and ranchers seek out and are given the technical support needed to manage working landscapes that support healthy, sustainable fish and wildlife populations. The general public assumes their responsibility in preventing the spread of invasive species so farmers and ranchers do not disproportionately bear the costs for their control. Farmers are rewarded for special efforts to integrate habitat into their operations. Ranchers are rewarded for maximizing the habitat value of grasslands and rangelands, and for including species other than livestock in their natural resource management decisions.

Broad strategies to achieve this vision:

Avoid converting sensitive or priority habitats to agricultural production.Where possible, restore sensitive habitats using native vegetation that historically occupied the site, focusing on priority areas identified by landscape scale conservation plans. 

Broad strategies to achieve this vision:

Provide as much vegetation as possible around water bodies to provide functioning ecological systems that support a diversity of wildlife. This will also help protect water quality for the benefit of fish and people alike.Manage habitats on farms/ranches with an eye toward the larger landscape and needs of wide-ranging species; connected patches are generally best, however, some species need large continuous areas. 

Broad strategies to achieve this vision:

Prevent the introduction and spread of invasive species of plants and animals.Manage crop and rangelands to meet the habitat needs of fish and wildlife. 

Broad strategies to achieve this vision:

Develop a working knowledge of the native plants and animals found in the area and if possible monitor for selected indicator species from different groups.   

Wildlife pests (when not threatened and endangered species) are managed using integrated pest management techniques. Where applicable habitat supports native predators to control wildlife pest populations.

List of Evaluation Criteria and their Goals

Continuing education for wildlife habitat issues: Managers can become knowledgeable about wildlife habitat issues, as a long-term goal, but managers with current knowledge are awarded higher scores. Managers who can identify native vegetation, and/or manage their operations in a way that protects threatened and endangered species and priority habitat types also score well.   Habitat conservation improvements: Producers who have invested in habitat conservation and/or restoration are recognized in the scoring process. Invasive species prevention and management:  Higher scores are awarded to managers who do not commercially produce invasive

species; control and eradicate established invasive species when possible; and prevent the introduction and establishment of new invasive species on their land.   

List of Evaluation Criteria and their Goals contd

Threatened and endangered species protection:  Higher scores are awarded when managers learn about, and if applicable, protect threatened and endangered species or their habitat on their farm/ranch.        

Wildlife Food, Cover and Water:  Higher scores are awarded when managers: consider ways to manage fields and production areas to benefit wildlife, in addition to producing crops; consider the specific requirements of wildlife on the farm by providing functioning buffers near water bodies.

Linking individual wildlife habitat conservation activities together: Recognition in the scoring process is given to managers who work with nearby landowners, and/or as a part of regional plans designed to create the greatest habitat value possible for wildlife and threatened and endangered species

There are 14 Important National Parks in Pakistan. Following are the major National Parks of Pakistan:

Hingol National Park Kirthar National Park Khunjerab National Park Chitral Gol National Park Lal Suhanra National Park Hazarganji-Chiltan National Park Margalla Hills National Park Ayubia National Park Deosai National Park Machiara National Park

Hingo

Khunjerab National Park