A Brave New WorldEnglish Colonization in North America

Focus Question:

Entering the Game LateBy the time England was ready:

Spain had claimed much of South and Central America

France claimed the rich fur lands of Canada and the Mississippi Valley

English stuck withthe Atlantic seaboard

English AdvantagesExcess Population

Enclosure MovementReligious Dissent

GeopoliticsGrowth of Joint-Stock Companies

Enclosure Movement

Failed Early AttemptsTrial and Error MethodPatterns established

SettlementBreakdown of order

and purposeDisease and hungerTrouble with Native Americans

Lacked Successful Model

The ChesapeakeSettled along the James River

Defensive PosturePlanned by Virginia

Company of LondonRequired a commodity

Very nearly failed

Achieves SuccessDeveloped New Model for Colonization

Send large numbers of family groupsEncourage small, privately owned farmsMaintain military disciplineLocate goods suitable for trade

Pilgrims ProgressThe Settlement of New England

Role of the Protestant ReformationDifferent groups protested different

teachings and practicesLutheransCalvinistsAnglicans

Development of Puritans in EnglandWished to “purify” Catholic elements from the

Anglican ChurchAdopted many Calvinist ideas, especially

predestination

PilgrimsSeparatists

“Church of England too corrupt for salvation”Set sail for Virginia

Mayflower CompactSelf-Government with Town MeetingOnly Church members voted

Absorbed by Massachusetts Bay

Puritans in New EnglandSought to establish a “City Upon a Hill”

How a Christian community should liveMixed Church and State

Only Puritan men could voteAll citizens supported the ChurchState had jurisdiction over ministry

Established the “Protestant Work Ethic”Serious commitment to workEnjoyed simple, human pleasures

Colonial Massachusetts