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Funding of Open Access BooksTRANSCRIPT
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Dr Frances PinterPublisher, Bloomsbury Academic
bloomsburyacademic.com
Efficient and EffectiveFunding of
Open Access ‘Books’
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
eifl is working with:JSTOR Keesing’s Medline Morgan & Claypool Publishers Multi-Science Journals Collection Nature Publishing Group New England Journal of Medicine OECD–iLibrary Ovid Linksolver Ovid Nursing Database Ovid Technologies Oxford English Dictionary Online Oxford Journals Collection Oxford Reference Online Oxford Scholarship Online Palgrave Macmillan Journals Project MUSE RMIT Publishing Royal Society SAGE SPIE Digital Library Taylor & Francis Databases Taylor & Francis Encyclopedias Taylor & Francis Library Wiley InterScience Journals
Agricola Agris Alexander Street Press AAAS American Physical Society American Psychological Association Anthropological Index Online BioOne Britannica Online: Academic Edition Burgundy Information Services CSIRO PUBLISHING Cambridge Journals Online Computing Reviews EBSCO Publishing Ebrary Emerald Group Publishing Limited Eric Future Science Group GALE Grove Art Online Grove Music Online IBSSIOP Publishing ISDInstitution of Civil Engineers
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Publishing plc
London New York Berlin Doha Sydney (January 2011)
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury A&C Black Wisden Arden Shakespeare Faber Quercus Canongate Allison & Busby and more to come . . .
Public Library Online
Online access subscription model of themed digital bookshelves from a range of publishers offering the best fiction & non-fiction
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Berlin Academic
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Long Form Publications
Books
Humanities and Social Sciences
Scholarly Books
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
What does the Academic Community still want from publishers?
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Independent verificationof quality
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Brandingandvisibility
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Editing and typesetting
Availability in a variety
of formats
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
MarketingandSelling
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Curation
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
UC Berkeley Study:
Assessing the Future Landscape of Scholarly Communication
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
How are Publishers Responding?
• Willingness to experiment
• Becoming service providers rather than gatekeepers
• ‘Co-creators’ of value
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Think about Ice Cream
Bloomsbury Academic Experiment
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
PlainVanillaIce Cream
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Ice CreamCone
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Ice CreamSundae
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
The Enhanced e-Book
First titles available 2011
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
List 6-7 partners form lower down page make close up of page
OAPEN CHANGE
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
OAPEN Model
Advocates funding the publishing process through subsidies and as part of research grants
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Paying for the Cost of Open Access Publishing – so far . . .
Relying on:
• Print sales
• E-sales
• Cost savings
• Subsidies, grants
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Sustainable????
ALA meeting Jan 2010:reality check
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
The Challenge: How to fund
sustainableopen accessfor scholarly books ‘the Long Form Publication’
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
STM journal open access model? NO
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
STM journal open access model?
Getting to ‘first copy’ costs are too high
HSS research budgets are too small
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Greco and Wharton:
US University presses & open access
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Only helps US university presses
And
What about dissemination of knowledge from other parts of the world?
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
How do we move from large, closed, ‘open’ networks (current consortia sales) to a truly global free-to-end-user state?
The Question is:
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Libraries
Funding Bodies
AcademicsPublishers
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Where are the funds now?
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Research budgets?
NO too small
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Central university funds?
NO too many other demands
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Library budgets?
YES!
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Create the International Library Coalition for Open Access Books (ILCOAb)
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Build on existing library consortia
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
ILCOAb to aggregate funds from libraries
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Pay for fixed first copy costs & open access
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
• Publishers submit titles to ILCOAb• ILCOAb decides what to ‘purchase’• Publishers get to first copy stage• Publish as open access• Publishers sell content in print,
e-formats etc
ILCOAb Model
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Long Form Publication
$2 a copy?
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
OLD Print Model
A typical monograph:
400 copies sold to libraries @ $80 per book
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
First copy costs 10,000Print/bind, marketing/selling distribution, royalties,
library suppliers, profit 22,000
Total cost to libraries 32,000
$
OLD Print Model
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Getting to first copy cost represents 31% of price paid by the library
OLD Print Model
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
With our $80 book the library pays $55 (69%) for post ‘first copy’ costs
OLD Print Model
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Worldwide market for HSS books = 10,000 libraries
OLD Print Model
Print reaches 4% of market
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Market skimming
OLD Print Model
Market failure
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
ILCOAb Model
If 4% (400 libraries) join ILCOAb cost of getting to digital file = $25 ea
69% reduction on a print copy
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
87.5% reduction per title
If 10% (1000 libraries) join ILCOAb and pay $10 per title
ILCOAb Model
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
ILCOAb Model
97.5% reduction per title
If 50% (5000 libraries) join ILCOAb and pay $2 per title
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Free-rider argument
Why Not?
Add extra metadata for membersErosion of selection controlConsortia already purchase content
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
We’re Almost There!
Consortia buy licenses for
free-to-end-user already
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
International Coalition of Library Consortia
Over 200 library consortia members around the world
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Benefits to Scholars
• Publishing expertise
• Full open access
• Discoverability
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Benefits to Publishers
• Provide academic and library communities with a sought-after service
• Concentrate on providing added value
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Benefits to Libraries
• Simple way of purchasing large volume of quality content
• Greater control of selection
• Huge contribution to global scholarly communications
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Conceptual mind shift
Uncouple getting to first copy from other publishing functions and income streams
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
Make better use of funds already available
Conclusion
Bloomsbury Academic_ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _______ __ _ ___ _ __ _ __ ____ __ ______ _ _ __ ____ __ _
The ILCOAbBUSINESS MODELa Way Forward?