Bursitis and Contusions

Bursitis

What is Bursitis? Bursitis is the

name for when the bursa sacs in our joints become inflamed.

This causes joint movement to become more painful

This can also limit range of motion

Signs and Symptoms - Bursitis

Joint stiffness/pain Stinging joint pain Pain is usually accentuated during and

after activities. The joint is usually most painful the

morning after the activity

Methods of Injury - Bursitis

• Infection

• Repetitive overuse of joint

• Underlying Rheumatic Problems (any health problem relating to joints and connective tissue), such as gout, rheumatoid arthritis and scleroderma

Where Does Bursitis Occur?

Bursitis occurs in the joints. Some common areas include:

Shoulder Knee Elbow Ankle Any bursa can become inflamed, but

these are the most common.

What Sports are Likely to Cause Bursitis?

Tennis/Golf (Tennis elbow is bursitis in the elbow)

Rugby (Props are prone to bursitis in the shoulders due to lifting)

Running of any distance (Sprinters, middle and long distance runners are prone to bursitis in the hip)

Ice skating (skaters often suffer from bursitis in their ankles)

Prevention

• Tape should be used properly (when it's needed, where it's needed)

• Wear proper equipment in sports

• Keep cuts clean (to prevent infection)

Treatment

• RICE: rest, ice, compression, elevation

• Anti-inflammatory medications

• Physical therapy

• Antibiotics (if bursitis is caused by bacterial infection)

Contusions

What is a contusion?

• A contusion is an area of pooled blood due to damage of muscle fibres

Method of Injury - Contusions

• Contusions are caused by a traumatic force to a muscle fibre which damages the fibres

• Skin does not break

• This causes blood to pool between the skin and the muscle fibres, which causes the discolouration in the skin

Signs and Symptoms - Contusions

• Skin discoloration (usually blue and/or purple, yellow)

• Pain

• Swelling

Types of Contusions

• Three degrees of contusions

• From low to high severity

• First degree, second degree, third degree

First Degree Contusions

• Least severe

• Mild pain

• Stiffness

• Minor swelling

• Light colouration

Second Degree Contusions

• Increased swelling

• Moderate instability

• More severe pain

• Darker colouration as a result of increased blood pooling

Third Degree Contusions

• Severe pain

• Massive swelling

• Major instability at the injury site

• Dark colouration

• DEATHDEATHDEATHDEATHDEATHDEATH

Treatment

• RICE: rest, ice, compression, elevation

• After three days: gentle massage, heat/ice intervals. If it's still painful, you're making it worse

• Wait 3 days to ensure blood has clotted

• Mucopolysaccharide polysufuric cream

Where Contusions Occur

• Can happen anywhere that a muscle is present

• More serious contusions:

– Cerebral: bruising of the brain

– Myocardial: bruising of the heart muscles

– Pulmonary: bruising of the lungs

– In bones

What Sports are Most Likely to Cause Contusions?

• Any contact sport

– Rugby

– Football

– Hockey

– Water polo

• It is easy to get a bruise in any sport

Prevention

• Wear proper equipment when necessary

• Avoid contact in non-contact sports

End.