2014 international technology and engineering educators association, stem center for teaching and...

© 2014 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association, STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™

Game Art and DesignGame Art and DesignUnit 3 Lesson 3Unit 3 Lesson 3

Procedure and RulesProcedure and Rules

© 2011 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association, STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™© 2014 International Technology and Engineering Educators Association, STEMCenter for Teaching and Learning™

Big IdeaKnowledge of the basic skills and components of any field makes one uniquely prepared to perform at a high level in that area.


FORMAL ELEMENT: PROCEDURE


Procedures• Steps in a game that do

not affect the outcome of the game.

• Help the game proceed to the desired outcome.• Example: shuffling the

cards.• There are four basic types

of procedures.


Types of Game Procedures• Starting Action: How to put the game

into play.• Progression of Action: Ongoing

procedures after starting the game.• Special Actions: Conditional to other

elements or game state.• Resolving Actions: Bring gameplay to

a close.


Examples of Game ProceduresConnect Four•Choose a player to go first.•Each player, in turn, drops one color checker down any of the slots. •Play alternates until one player gets four checkers of one color in a row.


Examples of Game ProceduresConnect Four•Choose a player to go first – Starting Action•Each player in turn drops one color checker down any of the slots – Progression of Action•Play alternates until one player gets four checkers of one color in a row – Resolving Action


Examples of Game ProceduresSuper Mario Brothers•Select Button: Use button to select the type of game •Start Button: Press button to start Left •Arrow: Walk to the left•Right Arrow: Walk to the right


Examples of Game ProceduresSuper Mario Brothers•Select Button: Use button to select the type of game – Starting Action•Start Button: Press button to start game – Starting Action•Left Arrow: Walk left – Progression of Action•NO Resolving Action – Resolution is controlled by the game system


Procedures in Digital Games• Can have more complex

game procedures.• Players do not need to know

the procedures at first, the game will enforce them.

• Procedures often work behind the scene, responding to situations and player actions.


Defining Your Procedures• It is important to keep in mind the

limitations of the environment in which your game will be played.

• Non-digital games – make sure the procedures are easy to remember and follow.

• Digital games – consider what type of input/output devices will be used - keyboard and/or mouse.


FORMAL ELEMENT: RULES


Game Rules• Affect the outcome of the

game• Define objects and

concepts• Define game objects and

define allowable actions by the players

• Restrict actions• Restrict effects

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Game RulesConsider these questions:•How do players learn the rules?•How are the rules enforced?•What kinds of rules work best in certain situations?•Are there patterns to rule sets?•What can we learn from these patterns?


Game Rules• Generally laid out in the rules document

of board and card games. • The players must remember and enforce

the rules.• In digital games, rules may be explained

in the manual, or may be designed into the program.

• The program enforces the rules.


Game Rules• Rules may close loopholes in a game’s

system - Monopoly:• “Do not pass go, do not collect $200.” • This rule is applied when a player is sent to

jail from any spot on the board.• It’s important because a player could make

the argument that moving past “Go” entitles him to collect $200, turning a punishment into a reward.


Game Rules• Too many rules make a game

unplayable.• Too few rules make a game too simple

and unchallenging.• Poorly communicated rules may

confuse or alienate players.• Even in digital games, where the rules

are kept by the program, players need to understand the rules so they do not feel cheated.


Examples of Game Rules• Poker: A straight is five consecutively

ranked cards.• Chess: A player cannot move the king

into check.• Go: Players cannot make a move that

recreates a previous situation on the board.

• WarCraft II: In order to create knight units, a player must have upgraded to keep and build a stable.


Rules Define Objects and Concepts• Games do not inherit

objects from the real world; rather, they create their own objects and concepts, usually as part of the rule set.

• Even if the objects or concepts are familiar, they still need to be defined by the rules.


Rules: Chess• Uses objects that relate to the real

world.• Each piece has a specific rule

pertaining to its movement on the board.

• The pieces also have a value associated with them:King, Queen, Rook, Bishop, Knight, Pawn


Big IdeaKnowledge of the basic skills and components of any field makes one uniquely prepared to perform at a high level in that area.


Game Art and DesignGame Art and DesignUnit 3 Lesson 3Unit 3 Lesson 3

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2014 international technology and engineering educators association, stem center for teaching and...

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