8/13/2019 101112 ppt

1/18

Judith Butler Born February 24, 1956

American post-structuralist

philosopher, contributed to feminism,queer theory, political philosophy,

and ethics

Maxine Elliot professor in the

Rhetoric and Comparative Literature

Departments University of California,

Berkeley Received her Ph.D. in philosophy

from Yale University in 1984. Subjects

of Desire: Hegelian Reflect ions in

Twentieth-Century France

Involved in post-structuralistefforts

within Western feminist theory toquestion the presuppositional

termsof feminism

Research ranges from literary theory,

modern philosophical fiction, feminist

and sexuality studies.

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

2/18

Butlers Works Gender Trouble: Feminism and the

Subversion of Identity (1990)

Bodies That Matter: On the

Discursive Limits of Sex (1993)

Excitable Speech: A Politics of the

Performative (1997)

Undoing Gender (2004)

Giving an Account of Oneself (2005)

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

3/18

Whats a sexuality?phantasy structure?

act?

orifice?

gender?

anatomy?

Here?

Here?

Here?Theres no set definition for anysexuality. It can only be defined

by the sexualities it isnt.

Not what you ARE,but what you claimto NOT be.

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

4/18

JB has very little to say about space or place.

Ideas: Performativity and subject formation-

a critical geography concerned to denaturalizetaken-for-granted social practices:

1. Reshaped geographers understandings of

identities/bodies and their spatialities.2. Recast to theorise the concept of space

3. Non-representational theory

4. Upset feminist meth. debates aboutreflexivity and positionality.

4

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

5/18

5

Bodies alliances the thepolitics of the streets.

writing about the RioCarnival, consider whateffects bodily performancesmay have on understandingsof space and place. Thus,instead of thinking aboutspace and place as pre-existing sites which occur,

these studies have arguedthat bodily performancesthemselves constitute or(re)produce space.

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

6/18

Bad Writings, 94 words in a sentence in Gender Trouble Book

The move from a structuralist account in which capital isunderstood to structure social relations in relatively homologousways to a view of hegemony in which power relations are subject torepetition, convergence, and rearticulation brought the question oftemporality into the thinking of structure, and marked a shift from aform of Althusserian theory that takes structural totalities as

theoretical objects to one in which the insights into the contingentpossibility of structure inaugurate a renewed conceptionof hegemony as bound up with the contingent sites and strategiesof the rearticulation of power.

6

CRITICS

Verbal Symbolic Politics

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

7/18

Butler charged with inspiring a turn within feminism away from thematerial towards a verbal symbolic politics.

More generally, Butler has been charged with inspiring a turn withinfeminism away from the material (poverty, violence, illiteracy etc.)towards a verbal and symbolic politics that has little connectionswith the everyday lives of real women. Probyn (1995: 108), forexample, has cautioned against the celebration of Butlers work,

reminding us about the nasty realities of the heterosexist andhomosocial society where most of us continue to live and begendered as either women or men. Within geography,Butlerswork has also been evoked as an example of the kind ofabstract theorisation that has induced a radical shift in the pattern

of research and scholarship within newcultural geography,awayfrom a concern with the material and the political towards aheightened concern with language, meanings andrepresentation

7

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

8/18

Anne Buttimer(born 31 October 1938) is an Irish-borngeographer. Buttimer got her Bachelor's degreein geography, Latin and mathematics in 1957 and twoyears later got her master's in the geography field. Later

on she graduated from theUniversity College Cork andgot her Ph.D. in geography from the University ofWashington in 1965. Since that year she traveledthroughout European countries suchas Belgium,France, Scotland and Sweden and NorthAmericanone such as Canadaand the United States

8

Humanistic Geographier (together with Yi Fu, DavidSeamon, Ted Relph, Edward Cassey)Conventional models, theories and practices in thediscipline of geography were often insensitive to contextualdifferences and even had a clear affinity with imperialismand the conquest of the earth

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_Corkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washingtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washingtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Americahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swedenhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belgiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washingtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washingtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washingtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washingtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Washingtonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_Corkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_Corkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_Corkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_Corkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_College_Corkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

9/18

Anne Buttimer Contributions:

9

Social Spaceas it was emerging in the borderland between French geography andsociology, and introduced it into Anglophone human geography. Thiswould offer a guide for an investigation of lived experience not only in apurely sociological or psychological sense then favoured in Anglo-

American writings, but also in the sense of providing a physical spatialframework.Shaping of post-positivist thinking about space and place in the discipline

of geography. By connecting to philosophical manoeuvres inexistentialism and phenomenology she has played a vital role in proddingan awareness of normativity, values, the taken-forgranted, power andlived spaceFor Buttimer, the relationships between humanism and geography are as

deepseated as they are diverse: For each facet of humanness rationality or irrationality, faith, emotion, artistic genius or political prowess

there is a geography. For each geographical interpretation of the earththere are implicit assumptions about the nature of humanness

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

10/18

10

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

11/18

Critics to AB

Buttimer tended to misconstrue phenomenology as an anti-scientificposition, which is concerned with the integrity of human experience and

rejects any causal subjectobject relationships. Accordingly, her flexibleview of phenomenology asa perspective rather than a disciplined methodwith clearly operational procedures for ascertaining the nature of humanexperience has been questioned. Finally, the central phenomenologicalconcept of intentionality in Buttimers work is sometimes seen as

erroneously being reduced to a psychological level, which fails to getbeyond the individual subject. This critique usually highlights thepervasiveness of a kind of mentalism, in which subjectivity and the world ofideas tend to underrate the importance of material practice.

Buttimer failed to offer an explanatory moment which would try to explain

how constraints were socially produced, why certain projects andorchestrations became dominant, or why and how abstractions of time andspace came to dominate lived time-space. It may be worth noting that thiscritique tends to be aimed at Buttimerstheoretical writings, rather than hermore firmly societal contextualisation of geographical knowledgeproduction.

11

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

12/18

MANUEL CASTELLS

MANUEL CASTELLS

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

13/18

MANUEL CASTELLS OLIVN: born in Helln, Albacete, Spain, in1942. Study Law and Economics at University of Barcelona 1958-

1962 Escape to Paris, graduated from Sorbonne 1964. Obtain PhDfrom Ecole des hautes Etufdes en Science Sociale 1967

Sociologist especially associated with:- INFORMATION SOCIETY

- COMMUNICATION RESEARCH

Castells first major work The Urban Question: A MarxistApproach Unquestionably a product of the times, it washeralded as a remarkable and pioneering attempt to bring Marxistconcepts and perspective bear on the urban question. Inessence, Castell suggested that many of those writing about theproblems and challenges facing cities in the early 1970s (e.g.,

race riots, poverty, criminality) were locked into anideologically-bankrupt tradition of urban sociology that

could not possibly identify the answers to these urbanroblems

Who?

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

14/18

(1996) The InformationAge: Economy, Society

and Culture; Volume 1:

The Rise of the NetworkSociety..(1997) The InformationAge: Economy, Society

and Culture; Volume 2:The Power of Identity.

(Various Process of Social

Changes).

(1998) The InformationAge: Economy, Societyand Culture; Volume 3:

End of Millennium.

(Process of Historical

transformation.

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

15/18

Manuel Castells thesis of network society

Central position of informationin production:

It replaces land and natural resources in pre-industrial society and capital in industrial society tobecome the primary factor of production in the valueproduction process.

In industrial society, it is information and knowledgeacting on technology, which triggered the industrialrevolution; but in informational society, it istechnology acting on information that revokestechnological breakthrough.

As a result, technology to act on information hasreplaced the technology on natural materials andenergy to become the major driving force foradvancement and competitions.

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

16/18

Manuel Castells thesis of network society Pervasiveness of IT: Because information and knowledge are

integral part of human activities and modern IT has provided

such a penetrating capacities to almost every aspects of humanactivities, IT has pervaded into every corner of informationalsociety.

Flexibility: The fluid structure of the network and its IT basisprovide the network with high degree of modifiabity, reversibility,

and reconfigurability. In one word, flexibility has become one ofthe definitive features of IT network.

Convergence: Built on the above-mentioned features of ITnetwork, the network also equips with high degree ofcompatibility and conversability, with other systems.

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

17/18

17

Manuel Castells, Spanish sociologist and Professor Emeritus of City andRegional Planning and of Sociology at UC Berkeley, was announced by

the International Balzan Prize Foundation (http://www.balzan.org/en) asone of four winners of the 2013 Balzan Prize, one of the highestscientific honors in the world. He is the first in 50 years to receive theBalzan Prize for Sociology, and is honored for his outstandingachievements and innovative thinking about the wide-reaching impact ofa new global information society, the digital revolution and rapidtechnological change on communication. The prize includes a monetaryaward of 750,000 Swiss Francs, half of which must be allotted toprojects by young researchers under the Laureate's guidance.The awards ceremony will take place on November 15, 2013, following asymposium on November 14 for the Laureates to present their research

http://www.balzan.org/en/prizewinners/manuel-castellshttp://www.balzan.org/enhttp://www.balzan.org/enhttp://www.balzan.org/enhttp://www.balzan.org/enhttp://www.balzan.org/enhttp://www.balzan.org/enhttp://www.balzan.org/enhttp://www.balzan.org/enhttp://www.balzan.org/en/prizewinners/manuel-castellshttp://www.balzan.org/en/prizewinners/manuel-castellshttp://www.balzan.org/en/prizewinners/manuel-castells

8/13/2019 101112 ppt

18/18

Critics to Manuel Castells

van Dijk (1999) argues that Castells explores the conflicts between

verticalglobal networks and horizontalcollective movements, but makeslittle of the social conflicts that destabilise networks and movements fromwithin.

Yet, as Staeheli (2006)notes, Castells significance within geographicdebates on space and place has, if anything, declined in recent times. For

Staeheli, this is both a function of fashionabilityCastells being less hotthan a range of more post-structural thinkers as well as the continuingemphasis in Castellswork on the importance of a particular type of placethe World Cityas a centre of power. For Staeheli, and others, this ratherEurocentric emphasis on particular types of city as representing privileged

points of power and politics is at odds with conceptions of power asdiffused, relational and multifaceted, meaning that Castells most recentwriting on the power of communication looks distinctly out-of-kilter withcurrent theoretical debates within geography.

18