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THEMATIC STRATEGY
ON SOIL PROTECTION
Soil
Ground Water
Biodiversity
Open Water
AirBiomass Production(e.g. food chain)
Human Health
W.E.H. Blum, 2004
Culture
TOWARDS COMMUNICATION- April 2002
SOILS THREATS IDENTIFIEDErosion Biodiversity loss
Decline in Organic Matter CompactionSoil Contamination Soil sealingSalinisation Floods and landslides
INTEGRATION of soil protection aspects in other policies
Background
Opinions Community Institutions Council + European Parliament+ Committee of Regions + EESC
All institutions: Welcomed the Communication Agreed that scientific evidence shows that soil degradation
processes continue Recognised the need for appropriate Community action to protect soil and to promote its sustainable use
Other conclusions MS endorsed a framework approach in the Presidency Conference VITAL SOIL Nov 2004
Background
CONTENT OF THETHEMATIC STRATEGY
Communication
Proposal for a Soil Framework Directive
Impact Assessment
CONTENT OF THETHEMATIC STRATEGY
Communication
1. Assessment of the situation
2. Objectives of the strategy
3. Actions and means
I. Soil Framework Directive
II. Research (following recommendations from WG, special emphasis on biodiversity issues)
III. Integration into sectoral policies (by COM, e.g. amendments of the IPPC Directive)
IV. Awareness raising (soil atlas, summer school etc.)
4. Expected impacts and results
5. Next steps
STRUCTURE OF THE COMMUNICATION
COMMUNICATION
It lays down the objective of soil policy: The protection and sustainable use of soil:
Preserving its functions (by prevention at source or adequate soil management)
Restoring degraded soils to sustain current and intended use
Proposal for a Soil Framework Directive
ARGUMENTS FOR BINDING EU-ACTION (1)
Soil is a common resource - non renewable and vital to sustainability and competitiveness; the gap in existing environmental (water, air, climate etc.) policy has to be closed
Distortion of competition in the internal market- current wide differences in national soil protection regimes create an unbalanced situation for the fixed costs of economic operators; absence of soil policy may hinder investments
Soil degradation is borne largely by society – the majority of the costs of ongoing degradation are off-site costs
Transboundary impacts of soil degradation - costs to restore environmental quality may be borne by a Member State different from the country where the soil degraded (erosion, groundwater, EU-Kyoto targets related to SOM-decline
ARGUMENTS FOR BINDING EU-ACTION (2)
Food safety- Uptake by food of contaminants in the soil may have an impact on the quality of products which are traded freely within the internal market and pose a risk for human health; action at source will complement food quality control
Human health- can in different ways be impaired due to soil degradation, such as (in)direct exposure to pollutants or flooding causing casualties
International impact- soil is increasingly part of international agreements and charters. An appropriate common framework enables EU to play a leading role internationally while at the same time securing competitiveness of EU economies
STRUCTURE OF THE DIRECTIVE
Objectives – Protection of soil functions
• Precautionary measures
• Integration in sectoral policies
• Prevention of contamination
• Identification of risk areas for erosion, organic matter decline, compaction, salinisation, landslides within 5 years
• Identification of contaminated sites within 25 years
• Programmes of Measures < 7y
• National Remediation Strategy < 7y
• Measures to limit or mitigate sealing
SOIL THREATS ADDRESSED BY THE SOIL FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE
EROSION
ORGANIC MATTER DECLINE
SALINISATION
COMPACTION
LANDSLIDES
CONTAMINATION
SEALING
Regional/national approach
Risk area approach
SOIL THREATS ADDRESSED BY THE SOIL FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE
Approach of the Directive concerning contamination
Common DEFINITION in
Directive
Common LIST OF POTENTIALLY
POLLUTING ACTIVITIES in Directive
Member States establish an INVENTORY of contaminated sites
Soil Status Report
Member States adopt a NATIONAL REMEDIATION STRATEGY
REPORT to Commission
MECHANISM FOR « ORPHAN SITES »
CONTAMINATION
DEFINITION: contamination posing a significant risk to human health or environment, taking into account current and approved future use.
LIST OF POTENTIALLY POLLUTING ACTIVITIES: to be established on Community level (Annex to the Directive).
INVENTORY OF CONTAMINATED SITES to list all contaminated sites by MS, to be regularly updated.
NATIONAL REMEDIATION STRATEGIES to be established by MS, containing targets, means, and prioritisation, to be regularly revised.
INVENTORY and STRATEGIES will have to be consulted with the public
CONTAMINATION
SOIL STATUS REPORT will be necessary for land where a potentially soil contaminating activity takes place or has taken place.
MECHANISMS TO FUND THE REMEDIATION OF ORPHAN SITES to be established by MS, such as funds or taxes for specific sectors and activities.
HARMONISATION OF RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGIES to be facilitated by the Commission and to be established if necessary under commitology.
REPORTING on inventory of contaminated sites and remediation strategies.
SEALING
IN ORDER TO PRESERVE SOIL FUNCTIONS, member states shall take appropriate measures to:
LIMIT sealing, e.g. by rehabilitating brownfield sites, OR
MITIGATE its negative effects on the functioning of soil
REPORT on measures taken by MS
SOIL THREATS ADDRESSED BY THE SOIL FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE
Approach of the Directive concerning erosion, organic matter decline, compaction
and landslides
Member States establish
RISK
ACCEPTABILITY
Risk Area IDENTIFICATION
Member States adopt MEASURES to achieve target
Member States establish a TARGET for Risk Area
COMMON CRITERIA set in Directive
REPORT to Commission
Model or empirical
MONITORING
EROSION, ORGANIC MATTER, COMPACTON, SALINISATION AND LANDSLIDES
IDENTIFICATION OF RISK AREAS by MS
For the 5 threats mentioned above:
MS can use monitoring data or models
MS can define different risk categoriesRisk identification must be based on common scientific
principles contained in an Annex (e.g. minimum input parameters for models, model validation, etc.)
EROSION, ORGANIC MATTER, COMPACTON, SALINISATION AND LANDSLIDES
ADOPTION OF PROGRAMMES OF MEASURES by MS
For risk areas, indicating what targets MS want toachieve
Measures to be established by MS Programmes will have to be consulted with the public Including an Impact Assessment
MONITORING OF PROGRESS AND REPORTING on risk area identification on measures taken and their effects
Water FDProgrammes of measures
Organic Farming
Action Plans
Rural Development
Cross Compliance
Structural Funds
UNCCDImplementation
Plans
Nitrates Directive
Action Plans
Natura 2000
Management Plans
Measures for Risk Areas
Activities/programmes supporting the programme of measures
The objective is to protect soil functions and ensure sustainable use of soil.
For sealingMS shall take the appropriate measures to limit sealing, or tomitigate its effects
For all other threats
Make an inventory/identify Risk Areas within 5 years
Make Programmes within 7 years Targets Measures Monitor progress
Report on progress and efficiency
SUMMARY- General approach
Consult PUBLIC
CONCLUSIES
Op EU-niveau is bodembeleid inclusief een wettelijke basis daarvoor nodig
De voor te stellen bodemstrategie/kaderrichtlijn laat NL voldoende ruimte haar huidige beleid zonder al te ingrijpende wijzigingen voort te zetten.
NL zal vooral moeten nadenken hoe het met de bedreigingen anders dan verontreiniging omgaat.
NEXT STEPS
Adoption by the Commission: 24 May (?) 2006. As soon as the Strategy is adopted, you will find it at…….http://ec.europa.eu/comm/environment/soil.index.htm
Debate and adoption in Parliament and Council: 2006 – 2008 (?) Entry into force: 2008? Pace depending on intensity debate Parliament, Council and
Commission in reaching agreement Council: pace depending on the Presidencies: AT, FI, DE, …)
Opinions COR and EESC: 2006 – 2008 (?) Transposition into National law by Member States: 2008 –
2010 Start Implementation by Member States: >2010