the nineteenth century piano and its literature
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The Nineteenth Century Piano and its Literature. The Development of the Piano. The Piano in 1800. The Piano in 1820. The Piano in 1850. The Piano in 1875. The “Concert” Grand Piano 2006. The Piano. Popular in the home for “amateurs” Instrument for virtuosos and musicians. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Nineteenth Century Piano and its Literature
The Development of the Piano
The Piano in 1800
The Piano in 1820
The Piano in 1850
The Piano in 1875
The “Concert” Grand Piano 2006
The Piano
Popular in the home for “amateurs” Instrument for virtuosos and musicians
Piano Literature
Short, lyric pieces Nocturnes Preludes Impromptus More descriptive titles
Wild Hunt The Little Bell Programmatic titles (suggesting an image)
Frederick Chopin (1810-1849)
Mother: Polish Father: French
Aurore Dudevant
“George Sand”
Chopin and Piano Music“poet of the piano”
Entire compositional output dedicated to the piano
Literature includes: Études (virtuosic and technical study pieces) Meditative nocturnes (night pieces), preludes, and
“nationalistic” dances, i.e., mazurkas, polonaises, waltzes
Sonatas Piano Concertos
Modern Piano Style
One of the most original artists of 19th century His musical life centered around the piano “Everything must be made to sing”
Repertoire
Nocturnes (night pieces) Adopted from John Field
Preludes Études (study pieces) Waltzes Mazurkas, Polonaises Ballades, Scherzos Sonatas Concertos
Polonaise in A MajorOp. 40, No. 1 (Military)
1838 Ternary form “Allegro con brio” tempo Listen for:
3-part dance form Use of traditional polonaise rhythm Brilliant pianistic writing More lyrical trio (B), played with rubato (robbed)
Chopin: Mazurka in B-Flat Minor, Op. 24, No. 4 Chromatic lines, wide-ranging, disjunct Moderate triple meter, dotted rhythms Shifts between major and minor Homophonic ABACDA; long coda Much RUBATO (rubare – to rob), many
accents (p. 223)
Prelude in E MinorOp. 28, No. 4
1839 From set of 24 Tempo: Largo Listen for:
Simple, conjunct melody Chromatic harmony Rubato “Single” part form (through-composed) Ends pianissimo
Franz Liszt(1811-1886)
Liszt’s Music
Symphonic poems – A ONE-MOVEMENT work with a literary or pictorial program
Thematic transformation Piano pieces – Creator of modern piano
technique
The Little Bell(from Transcendental Etudes)
1839-39; revised 1851 Influence of Paganini Sectional, with variations
A-B-A’-B’-A”-B”-A’” Allegretto, in 6/8 meter Full range of piano Very difficult “virtuosic” work
Program Music“The painter turns a poem into a painting; the musician sets a picture to
music”Robert Schumann
Program music – Instrumental music with literary or pictorial association supplied by the composer
Absolute music – Music for music’s sake Four types:
Concert overture Incidental music to a play Program symphony (multi-movement work) Symphonic poem (one-movement work)