the burmese journal (may- june- 2014)

24
f f jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf&Sm;r_aumfrwD( ) rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@csDonf? twGJ 12- trSwf 9 Vol 12, No.9 May, June, 2014 ar= ZGef 2014 pmrsufESm (24)odk@æ pmrsufESm- 7 oddk@æ pmrsufESm- 4 rS 6 odk@æ umwGef; Established by since August, 2005 pmrsufESmæ 20 odk@ pmrsufESmæ 20 odk@ pmrsufESm- 3 odk@æ (aejynfawmf ar 12) jynfxJa&;0ef}uD;Xme jrefrmEdkifiH ul;vufrSwfxkwf ay;a&;tzGJ@onf jynfy odk@oGm;a&mufvdkol rsm;jym;vmonfESifh tr# omrefjrefrmEdkifiHul;vufrSwf av#mufxm;olOD;a& ydkrdkwdk;wufrsm;jym; vmjcif;wdk@a=umifh omrefjrefrm EdkifiHul; vufrSwf av#mufxm;olrsm;taejzifh tcsdefukef aiGukefoufomr_rsm; &Sdap&ef twGuf 2014 ckESpf Zefe0g&D 2 &ufrS pwif +yD; wdkif;a'o}uD; § jynfe,/f +rdK@awmfrsm; wGif jrefrmEdkifiHul; vufrSwfxkwfay;a&; &Hk;rsm; zGifhvSpf aqmif&Guf ay;cJh+yD;jzpf onf? vuf&SdtcsdefwGif EdkifiHawmf tpdk;& taejzifh jynfyodk@oGm; a&mufvdkolrsm; twGuf ydkrdkI tqifajyacsmarG@ap&ef aqmif&Gufay;cJhonfhtjyif xdkif;EdkifiHodk@ xdkif;- jrefrme,fpyf&Sd wmcsDvdwf+rdK@/ jr0wD+rdK@ESifh aumhaomif;+rdK@ rsm;wGif omrefEdkifiHul;vufrSwf xkwfay;a&;&Hk;rsm; pwifzGifhvSpf xdkif;bk&if. =o0g' trSmpum; 36 csuf 2014-ck / arvtwGuf uH=urRma[mpmwrf; vlxkusef;rma&; (r=umc% EHk;csnfh anmif;nm wwfolwdk@ pGrf;tifwdk; aprnfh enf;rsm;) EdkifiHwum a&$@ajymif;vkyfom;rsm;tzGJ@tpnf;ESifh Westerm Union wdk@yl;aygif;I &efukef/ rauG;ESifh armfv+rdKifwdk@wGif a&$@ajymif;vkyfom;t&if;tjrpfpifwmrsm; zGifhvSpfoGm;rnf a&$@ajymif;oGm; vmaexdkif; jcif;qdkif&m EdkifiHwumtzGJ@tpnf; IOM ESifh EdkifiHwum aiG a=u;ay;acsr_ 0efaqmifr_ ukr`%D Westerm Union wdk@ yl;aygif;I &efukef/ rauG;ESifh armfv+rdKif wdk@wGif a&$@ajymif;vkyfom; t&if;tjrpf pifwmrsm; zGifhvSpf rGrf;rH oGm;rnfjzpfa=umif; IOM rS od&onf? “EdkifiHjcm;rSm tvkyfoGm;vkyf r,fh a&$@ajymif;vkyf om;awGudk EdkifiHjcm; roGm;a&mufrD todynm ay; vkyfief;awG vkyfaqmifay;zdk@eJ@ EdkifiHjcm;ujyef a&mufvmwJh a&$@ajymif; vkyfom;awGudk touf arG; 0rf;ausmif; ynm&yfawG oif=um;ay;zdk@ &nf&G,fygw,f”[k IOM rS jrefrmEdkifiHqdkif&m

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Page 1: The Burmese Journal (May- June- 2014)

jrefrmjynfom;pmapmif

jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf& Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?

arv= ZGefv 2014

twGJ 12- trSwf 9 Vol 12, No.9 May, June, 2014 ar= ZGef 2014

pmrsufESm (24)od k @æ

pmrsufESm- 7 odd k@æ

pmrsufESm- 4 rS 6 odk@æ

umwGef;Established by sinceAugust, 2005

pmrsufESmæ 20 odk@

pmrsufESmæ 20 odk@

pmrsufESm- 3 odk@æ

(aejynfawmf ar 12)jynfxJa&;0ef}uD;Xme jrefrmEdkifiH

ul;vufrSwfxkwf ay;a&;tzGJ@onf jynfyodk @oGm;a&mufvdkol rsm;jym;vmonfESif htr# omre f jre frmE d ki fi Hu l;vufr Sw fav#mufxm;olOD;a& yd kr d kwd k;wufrsm;jym;vmjcif;wdk@a=umif h omrefjrefrm EdkifiHul;vufr Sw f av#mufxm;olr sm;taejzi f htcs de fukef aiGukefoufomr_rsm; &S dap&eftwGuf 2014 ckESpf Zefe0g&D 2 &ufrS pwif+yD; wdkif;a'o}uD; § jynfe,/f +rdK@awmfrsm;wGif jrefrmEdki fiHul; vufrSwfxkwfay;a&;&H k;rsm; z Gi f hvSp f aqmif& Guf ay;c J h +y D; jzpfonf? vuf&SdtcsdefwGif EdkifiHawmf tpdk;&taejzif h jynfyodk@oGm; a&mufvdkolrsm;twGuf y d kr d kI tqifa jyacsmar G @ap&e faqmif& Gufay;cJ honfhtjyif xd ki f;E d ki fi Hod k @

xdkif;- jrefrme,fpyf&Sd wmcsDvdwf+rdK@/ jr0wD+rdK@ESifh aumhaomif;+rdK@rsm;wGif omrefEdkifiHul;vufrSwf xkwfay;a&;&Hk;rsm; pwifzGifhvSpf

xdkif;bk&if. =o0g' trSmpum;36 csuf

2014-ck / arvtwGufuH=urRma[mpmwrf;

vlxkusef;rma&; (r=umc%EHk;csnfh anmif;nm wwfolwdk@pGrf;tifwdk; aprnfh enf;rsm;)

EdkifiHwum a&$@ajymif;vkyfom;rsm;tzGJ@tpnf;ESifh WestermUnion wdk@yl;aygif;I &efukef/ rauG;ESifh armfv+rdKifwdk@wGifa&$@ajymif;vkyfom;t&if;tjrpfpifwmrsm; zGifhvSpfoGm;rnf

a& $ @a jymi f;oGm; vmaexd ki f ; jci f;qd ki f&mEdkifiHwumtzGJ@tpnf; IOM ESif h Ed kifiHwum aiGa=u;ay;acsr_ 0efaqmifr_ ukr`%D Westerm Union

wdk@ yl;aygif;I &efukef/ rauG;ESifh armfv+rdKif wdk@wGifa&$@ajymif;vkyfom; t&if;tjrpf pifwmrsm; zGifhvSpfr Gr f;r H oGm;rnfjzpfa=umif; IOM rS od&onf?“Edki fiHjcm;rSm tvkyfoGm;vkyf r,fh a&$@ajymif;vkyfom;awGudk EdkifiHjcm; roGm;a&mufrD todynm ay;vkyfief;awG vkyfaqmifay;zdk@eJ@ EdkifiHjcm;ujyef a&mufvmwJh a&$@ajymif; vkyfom;awGudk toufarG; 0rf;ausmif; ynm&yfawG oif=um;ay;zdk@ &nf&G,fygw,f”[k IOM rS jrefrmEdkifiHqdkif&m

Page 2: The Burmese Journal (May- June- 2014)

jrefrmjynfom;pmapmif arv= ZGefv 2014

jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf& Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?

pmrsufESm (2)

*** jynfolrygæ t&m&mæ bmqdkbmrS r_yD;ekdifygæ?*** jynfolonfomæ tc&mæ t&m&mudk ajymif;vJekdifonfæ?*** cGeftm;r#a0æ 'dk hwawGonfæ rvGJraoG/ jynfolawGtwGufæ?

tqdk;xJu taumif;&,l+yD; tem*wfrsKd;aph cs=u&ef

jrefrmEdkifiHwGif tvkyftudkiftcGifhtvrf;ESifh wpfOD;csif; 0ifaiG rwdk;yGm;ao;oI jynfyodk@ xGufcGmvkyfudkif=uonfhjrefrma&$@ajymif;vky fom;ta&twGufonf wpfae@wpfjcm; 'Da&tvm;wd k;y Gm;aeonfomjzpf.?

a&$ @ajymif;tvky form;[lI jzpfvmyguvnf; rdcifE d ki fi Hom;wd k @ rvky fcsi f =uaom npfywfaya&aomtvky f(Dirty) cufcJ=urf;wrf;aomtvkyf (Difficult) tE W&m,f&Sdaomtvkyf (Dangerous) ponfh 3D tvkyfrsm;udkoufqkdif&mEdkifiHrsm;u Oya't& owfrSwfjyXmef;csuftwdkif; &onfvnf; &Sdrnf? r&onfvnf; &Sdrnf? oufqdkif&mEdkifiHtoD;oD;&Sd tm%mydkiftzGJ@tpnf; (r_cif;&J/ v0u&J/ jynfol@ppf/ &yf&Gmvl}uD;) ponfwdk@udk vdktyfonfxuf ydkrdk+yD; t&dktaoay;/ ta=umufay;&wmvnf; &S drnf? tcsK d @ae&mrsm;wGif vpOfqufa=u;ay;&wmvnf; & S drnf?

ta=umif;a=umif;aom ta=umif;a=umif;a=umif h a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;b0jzif h au|;u|efyrmaexdkif &yfwnftoufarG;ae&apumrl udk,fcE<mom aus;u|efjzpfcsi fjzpfrnf? pdwf"mwfyd ki f;Y igwdk @onf t&Sifocifrsm;omjzpfonf?wpfae@ae@/ wpfcs defcs defwGif igwdk @ jrefrmEdkifiHY vGwfvyfyGif hvif;vmcs de fY igwdk @ jynfyrSm wwfu|rf;cJ h=uaom twwfynmtrsKd;rsKd;jzifh igwdk@EdkifiHudk jyefvnfI tvkyftau|;jyK=urnf? ,ckavmavmq,fY “aeao;oy/ csKHxJu/ csKd(*sKd) aoG;oy/wjrjr” [lIom?

TtawG;tjrifonfum; jrefrmEdkifiH. jyifyodk@ yHkpHrsK d;pHkjzifh a&muf&Sd=uukefaom jrefrma&$@ajymif;vkyfom; toD;oD;wdk@. tqdk;xJu taumif;/ ta=umif;xJu tusKd; axmuf&_vsuf udk,fpD udk,fiS csrSwfoifh=uaom tem*wfrsKd;aphrsm;yifjzpfayownf;?

Page 3: The Burmese Journal (May- June- 2014)

jrefrmjynfom;pmapmif

jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf& Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?

arv= ZGefv 2014

pmrsufESm (3)

rSwfom;avmufygw,f1? xrif;vkH;wdki f; a&pufwdkif; pm;p&m&S dor# &ifxJu aus;Zl;wifyg2? bk&m;&S dcd k;wdkif; rnfonfh "eOpPmudkr# rawmif;bJ ynmESih f tpGrf;ow œ dudkom awmif;,lyg3? oli,fcsif; topfonf ukd,f htwGuf vufaqmifjzpfovdk ta[mif;[mvJ rdrdtwGuf wefzd k;rjzwfEdkifyg4? bmoma&;pmtkyfudk wpfESpfwpftkyf &atmif zwfyg5? rdrdudk,fudk aumif;apcsifv#if olrsm;udkaumif;atmif tvsifulnDay;yg6? aus;Zl;wifygw,f qdkaompum;udk t+rJ rsm;rsm; ajymay;yg7? olwyg;. &ifzGif hpum; wkdifyifvsK d @0Suf pum;wdk@tm; rdrdtaejzif h xdef;odrf;yg8? cGif hv$wfpdwf&Sdyg9? em;axmifonfh tvkyfudk O D;pm;ay;yg10? trSm;&Sdv#if 0ifcHEd ki f&rnf11? jyKwfusygu vJusygu jyefxljyefx&ef ra=umufygESif h12? cufcJaeavav atmifjrifzd k@ twGuf av;eufr_&S davav13? "mwfavSum;twGif; pD;y Gm;a&;ta=umif; rjiif;c k HygESif h14? aps;0,fu'fudk ta=uG;wifatmif r0,fokH;rdygapESif h15? awmif;yef&ef 0ef frav;ygESif h16? rodygu roda=umif; 0efcHyg17? uDvdk 1000 (rdkifaxmifcs Dc&D;) tm; acsmarG@onf [lI r&SdEd kifyg18? arG;uwnf;u rnfolr# rajy;wwfao;yg ²²² 'ga=umif h ajz;ajz;pvkyfyg19? uyfap;eJwm[m b0atmifjrifzd k @twGufyg ²²²² (b0udk cspfwhJol)20? aiGudk rcspfwhJol[m b0udk rcspfwhJol }uD;yGm;zd k@ rar#mfvifhol21? &efjzpfolESpfa,muf tv#if&ufoGm; olu ynm&Sdyg22? woufvkH; tvkyfvkyf&uf r&Sdyg em;&ufawGygbJ23? jyif;xefwhJ pdwf&Sdovdk aysmhwhJ pdwfvJ jzpfr,f24? em;rvnfoltm; em;vnfatmif &Si f; jywwfygap25? aiGta=uGaphwpfckrSmawmif rsufeSmESpfck &Sdw,f ²²² 'DvdkbJ b0[m tEdkif §t&H_; - atmifjrifr_ § us&H_;r_awG&Sdr,f26? rdrdpdwfudk tvdkrvdkufygESif h27? oGm;[m bmjzpfvdk @ us dK;vJ (rmvdk@) v#mu usdK;ygovm; ´28? tyifi,fwwfcgpudk jrefjref}uD;ygap qdkI qGJqef@jcif; rjyKygESif h tjrpfyg a=uGoGm;rnf29? rdrdudk,f wpfae@vsSif okH; }udrfao&rnfudk pOf;pm;yg tm;vkH;jyifqif+yD;om; jzpfr,f30? =u,foD;[m yxrwpfvkH; r Sm;onfESif h tm;vkH;rSm;awmhwmygyJ31? tvkyfwpfckudk +y D;ajrmufzdk @ &ufcs def; wpfck owfrSwfyg32? a&cGufxJrS wpf0ufom&Sdaom a& jzpfygap33? =u,fESif hv [m t&rf;udk jrifhvGef;w,f ²²² rS DEd kifoavmufudk vSrf;yg34? vl@woufwmrSm tvkyftrsm;}uD; ta&;t}uD;qkH;udk t&ifvkyfyg35? pmtkyfawG[m urBmay:rSm wefzdk;t&SdqkH;ESif h A[kokw t&qkH; ynm&Sdwpfqljzpfw,f²² wpfvvsSif wpftkyf

zufEd ki fatmif vkyfyg36? t&m&m owfrSwfcsuf&S dygap²²² ypPnf;wpfcktm; Tae&mrS ,l+yD; Tae&mrSmxm;yg pnf;urf;onf vl.

wefzd k;?

xdkif;bk&if. =o0g' trSmpum; 36 csuf

Page 4: The Burmese Journal (May- June- 2014)

jrefrmjynfom;pmapmif arv= ZGefv 2014

jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf& Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf? pmrsufESm (4)

we*FaEGom;orD;rsm;twGuf,ckvonf rdbudk aumif;pGmjyKpkapmif ha&SmufEd kifrnfhtcs de f jzpfonf? pD;yGm;ododomom wufrnf? od=um;r

vdkufouJhodk@ vuf&Sdtajctaexuf rsm;pGmjrifhwufoGm;vdrfhrnf? vkyfief;rsm; ododomom atmifjrifrl&rnf? vkyfiefopfrsm; pwifjyK vkyfEd kifaom umv/ vkyfief;a[mif;rsm; jyefay:wwfonf? bk&m;zl;c&D;rsm; pdwfcsrf;omp&m c&D;rsm;jynfwGif;jynfyc&D;rsm; oGm;wwfonf? 0efxrf;jzpfv#if &mxl;wufjcif; tajctae tqifhtwef; jrifhwufjcif; rsm;}uHKrnf?oifwef;wpfck wuf&jcif; ynmaumif; &jcif;rsm; }uHKrnf? rdwfaqGaumif; q&maumifrsm; awG@rnf? tzdk;wef pufypPnfrsm;0ifrnf? ajrudpP/ tarGudpPrsm; tqifajyrnf? aiG&Sm&vG,fjcif; aiGt0iftxGuf =urf;jcif; rsm; }uHKvdrfhrnf? &yfa0;rSpmrsm;tquftoG,frsm; &vmrnf? &efrsm; jcif; pum;rsm;ajz& Si f;&jci f; &ifE S D ;olrsm; vky fazm f ud ki fbufrsm;ESi f h tqifrajyvrf;cGJ&jcif;rsm; }uHKrnf? txl;owdjyK&ef tvkyfwGif twdkuftcH tenf;i,f}uHK&wwfonf? tr_tcif; &kHjyifuEMm;ESifhywfouf&wwfonf? pdk;&drfp&m r&Sdyg? t}uD;tuJ aumif;&Edkif.? tdrfaxmif&Sdolqdkv#if tdrfaxmif zuf pdwfnpf& wwfonf? aqGrsdK;om;csif;rsm; usef;rma&; tonf;toef jzpfwwfonf? vmrnfh arG;v arG;&uftxd tokbydk@jcif; rjyKygESifhtxl;owdjyKyg? ESvHk;ESifh ywfoufI usef;rma&;nHhjcif;? avESifh ywfoufI usef;rm a&;nHhjcif; 'l; em; 'kuQ ay;jcif;rsm;}uHK&wwfonf? pyfwl&S,f,mvkyfief;rsm; ay:vdrfhrnf? vkyfv#ifatmifjrifrnf? udk,fyd kif vkyfief; jzpfap/ 0efxrf;jzpfap}uD;yGm;wdk;wufatmifjrifrnfhumv jzpfygonf? TumvtwGif; aumif;us dK; csrf;omrsm; yd kr d k&&S dvm ap&efESif h tnHhtcdkufrsm; oufomajyaysmufap&ef atmufyg ,=wmrsm;udk *&kpdkufjyKvkyfygav? bk&m;zl; c&D;oGm;yg/ c&D;p&dwfjywfaeoludk aiGvSLyg/ arG;ae@wkdif; tdyf&ma&$@ajymif;Itdyfyg?

wevFmom;orD;rsm;twGuftvkyfae&m/ tdrfae&m jyi fqifr Gr f ;r H& jci f ; a jymi f;a& $ @&

jcif; vkyf&wwfonf? tdrfopf aqmufv#if aumif;aom tcs de fjzp fonf? vky fie f ;topfay: jcif; (odk@r[kwf) vuf&SdtvkyfESif hywfoufI tquftoG,f opf rsm;/ ay:vmvdrfhrnf? vkyfief; ESifhywfoufI emrnfaumi f; & jcif; ae&maumif;&jcif;/ vkyfief;w d k ;c s J @& jci f ;r sm ; vky f&wwf onf? tdrfaxmif r&Sdolrsm; tdrfa x m i f u s w w f a o m u m v jzpfonf? Zmwm&Si fonf a,mus fm; jzp fygu tdr faxmuf us v#i f aumi f;y gonf? r* Fvmaqmi fv#i f pnfum;aom r*Fvmaqmifjzpfrnf? tdrfaxmify&dabm* tdrfoHk;ypPnf;0if wwf onf? olcdk;/ rsufaph tuscH &wwfaom umvjzpfI olcdk; tcdk;cH& wwfa=umif; owdjyKygav? c&D;tus d K ;ay;aom umvjzp f y g onf? bk&m;z l;c& D ; oGm;&wwfonf? uG JuGmaeaom aqGrs d K ; om;csif;rsm;ESifh jyefqHkrnf? &yfa0;rS aqGrs d K ;om;csi f;rsm; a&mufvmwwfonf? tdrfod k @ tawmifygaom ow œ0grsm; 0ifvmwwfonf? 0ifv#if e dr dwfaumif;onf? oGyf oH opf paom aom=umeH ypPnf;rsm; 0ifvmwwfonf? txl;owdjyK&ef r dwfaqG&if; vkyfazmfudkifbufwdk@u 'kuQay;wwfonf? ajrudk ta=umif;jyKI pdwfnpf&wwfonf? ajrt0ifrcH&yg? ajr0ifv#if =umoyaw;eHxkwfypfyg? ynma&;ESif h ywfoufaomypPnf; vSL'gef;yg? a&$ESif h tzdk;wef &wemypPnf;rsm; 0ifvmrnf bk&mqif;wkawmfpG,fawmf &[E œmyH kawmfrsm; =uGvmwwfonf? vuf0wf &wemrsm; ausmufjyKwfxGufjcif; aysmufjcif;/ jzpfwwfonf?tvkyfwGi f twdkuftcH t+ydKi ftqdki f }uD;p Gm}uHKrnf? twdkuftcHr Se for# tEd ki f&rnf? rdom;pk t}uD;tuJ vkyfief;t}uD;tuJwdk@a=umifh pdwfnpf&wwfonf? txl;ojzifh zcif usef;rma&; nHhwwfonf? xDaygufouJhodk@ aiGrsm;0ifwwfonf?TumvtwGif; aumif;us d K ;csr f;omrsm; y d kr d k& & S dvmap&efE Si f h tnHhtcd kufrsm; oufomajyaysmufap&ef atmufyg,=wmrsm;udk *&kpd kufjyKvkyfygav? tkef;xrif;/ tkef;Ed k @ ESif hcsufxm;aom bJom;[if;udk bkef;}uD;vSLyg/ wHcGef;ukuUm;rav;yGm; +*dKvfwdki foufaphvSKyg

t*F gom;orD;rsm;twGuftvSLtwef;udpPrsm; rkcsvkyf&rnf? aiGtpkvdkuf tyHkvdkuf 0ifvmvdrfhrnf? rdrd. tvkyfrSvnf;aumif;/ xDayguf

Ivnf;aumif; 0ifvmwwfonf? TumvrsdK;Y omreftajctaersdK;rSaeI pD;yGm;t&Sdeft[kef ESif hwufum vuf&Sdtajc

2014-ck / arvtwGuf uH=urRma[mpmwrf;

Page 5: The Burmese Journal (May- June- 2014)

jrefrmjynfom;pmapmif

jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf& Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?

arv= ZGefv 2014

pmrsufESm (5)

taexuf tqaygif;rsm; pD;yGm;wufvdrfhrnf? rdrdvkyfief;rsm;udk tifESifh tm;ESifh wdk;csJ@vkyfudkifoifhaomfvnf; jzwfvrf;rvkduf&ef owday;vdkygonf? rdrdtm; jy\emvkyfaeolrsm; &Sdv#if tqifajyoGm;rnf? roifhjrwfolrsm;ESifh jyefvnfoifhjrwfoGm;rnf? tzd k;wefausmuf rsuf&wemrsm; 0ifrnf? tdrfaxmif& Sifrsm; tdr faxmifa&;twGuf aomua&muf&aomumvjzpfonf? txufvl}uD;/ rdom;pk }uD;uJolrsm;a=umifh pdwfnpf&rnf? twlaerdom;pkxJrS t}uD;tuJ tbdk; tbGm;rsm;ta&;jzpfwwfonf? vlrs dK; jcm;/ E d ki fi Hjcm;eSi f h ywfoufaom udpPrsm; tusdK;ay; atmifjrifrnf? c&D;rsm;r=umc%xGuf&wwfonf? xdkc&D;rsm;onfvnf; tusdK;ay; atmifjrifvdrfhrnf? 0efxrf;qdkv#if &mxl;wufjcif;tajctae jrifwwfjcif; }uHK&vdrfhrnf? ynma&;udpPrsm; oifwef;udpPrsm;udk ta=umif;jyKI pdwfnpf&wwfonf? a&$xGufjcif;/ a&$twGufajymqdkajz&Sif;&jcif;rsm; }uHK&wwfonf? t*F geH pdef/ pufypPnf; xGufwwfonf? a&$xnf0,fv#if topfrsm;om 0,foifhonf tysuf ta[mif; r0,foifhyg? txl;owdjyK&ef atmufvufi,fom; om;orD; xGufoGm;jcif;/ ‚if;wdk @twGufaomua&muf&jcif;rsm; }uHK&wwfonf? qD;a&m*g/ rsufp da&m*grsm; ' kuQay; jcif; / tpm;r Sm;jci f; / aq;r Sm;jci f;rsm;}uHK&wwfonf? pm&Gufpmwrf; pmcs ky fudp P rsm;twGufpdwfnpf&jcif;/ ypfpm wd ki fpm a&mufjcif;rsm; }uHK&wwfonf?aqGrs dK;om;csif;rsm;udk aumif;pGm tultnD ay;Edki fvdrf hrnf? vuf&S dtvkyftudkifud k p dwfr0ifpm;jcif;/ tvkyfajymif;vdkpdwfrsm; }uHKvmwwfonf? tdrf0,fEdkifaomfvnf; tdrftem;tqmrvGwf/ tdrf{nfhonfrjywf/ tdrfaqmufv#if wef;vef;jzpfwwfonf? cdkifrmaom pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm; wnfaqmufxm;yg? &&S daom ta=uG;rsm;udk ,ckumvwGif }udKwifpkaqmif; xm;yg? okd@r[kwfygu qHk;wwfonf? TumvtwGif; aumif;usdK;csrf;omrsm; ydkrdk&&Sdvmap&efESifh tnHhtcdkufrsm;oufomajyaysmufap&ef atmufyg,=wmrsm;udk *&kpd kufjyKvkyfygav? xD;jzLtao;oufaphESif h xD;jzLt}uD; wpfvufudkarG;ae@ eHeufwGif bk&m;vSLyg? tar$;eJ@omESif h bk&m;tm;a&oy`m,fyg?

Ak'<[l;om;orD;rsm;twGufbk&m;qifwkawmf/ y H kawmf/ &[E œmy H kawm fr sm; =u Gvm

wwfonf? rxifrSwfaom c&D;rsm; r&nf&Gufaom c&D;rsm; oGm;&wwfonf? olwpfyg; udpP t wGuf c& D;oGm;&wwfonf? vlrs d K ;jcm;u ulnDjcif;/ EdkifiH&yfjcm;ESifh ywf oufaomudpPrsm; atmifjrifjcif;rsm;}uHKrnf? emrnf *k%fowif; wd k;wufjcif; bkefwefcd k; wd k;wufjcif;rsm; }uHK&rnf? remvd kol vnf; ay:vdrf hrnf? rdrdxufjrifholedrfhol ESpfOD;vHk;u 'kuQ ay;vm wwf aomtcsdef jzpf ygonf?vky fazm fu d ki fbufr sm; atmif jri f awmh rvd kvd kE Si f h tcuftcJ}uD;pGm }uHKwwfonf? tvkyfwGif t ysufpD;tqHk;&_H; tavt vGifhrsm;aevdrfhrnf? aiGaysmufjcif; a=uG; wifjci f; aiGtwGuf ajymqd ka jz& Si f;& jci f ;r sm; }u HK&wwfonf? }uD;uJol txufvl}uD; rsm;a=umifh pdwfnpf&wwfonf? tvSLyGJ r*FvmyGJ tpDpOfrsm; txpftaig h }u H K jci f; &ufa& $ @ jci f;rsm; }uHK& wwfonf? tdrfaxmif&Sd olqdkv#if tdrfaxmifa&; tqifrajy jzpfaernf? vuf&Sdtvkyftudkif ajymif;csifpdwfay: vmrnf? ajymif;v#if ydkqdk;oGm;wwfonf?txl;owdjyK&ef tpmtqdyfjzpfjcif;/ ajcaxmuf cg;/ oGm; 'kuQay;jcif;rsm; }uHK&wwfonf? TvtwGif; tr_tcif;rjzpfap&ef txl;* &kpdkufyg? jzpfv#if r+yD;EdkifbJ jzpfaewwf onf? aiGeSifhvdkufv#if &_H;oGm;wwfygonf? ypPnf; rXm;&rf;ygESifhqH k;vdrf hrnf? TumvtwGif; rnfonfhtcuftcJESif h }uHKonf jzpfap tm;udk; r&SmESif h? 'kuQay;rnfholrsm;om ay:vmwwfonf? atmufvufi,fom; xGufoGm;jcif;/ usef;rma&;nHhjcif; }uHK&wwfonf? xDuHaumif;aom umvjzpfygonf?ynm topfwpfck &wwfonf? tdrfaxmifbuf usef;rma&; nHhvdrf hrnf? cg; atmufyd ki f; 'kuQay;wwfonf? aq;&k H/aq;cef; odk@oGm;&wwfonf? ausm'kuQajy;jcif;/ ausmYa&m*g&jcif; jzpfrnf? tdrfjyif/ tdrfaqmif/ tdrfajymif; rjyKygESif h?tmrcH rvkyfygESif h? pyfwlta&mif;0,f t}uD;tus,f rvkyfygESif h? TumvtwGif;aumif;us dK;csrf; omrsm; yd krd k&&S dvmap&efESifh tnhHtcdkufrsm; oufomajy aysmufap&ef atmufyg,=wmrsm;udk *&kpdkufjyKvkyfav? ae@pOfcE<mudk,f oef@&Sif;a&;/tdrfoef@&Sif;a&; vkyfyg? aomufa&tdk; udk,fwdkifa&xnfhyg? wpfywfwpf}udrft"dÏmef0ifyg?

=umoyaw;om;orD;rsm;twGufc&D;wdk; c&D;&Snfrsm; oGm;ae&vdrfhrnf? xkdc&D;onfrsm;onfvnf; oifhtwGuf usdK;xl;apygvdrfhrnf? rxifrSwfbJ

ynmwpfckoif=um;&jcif; oifwef;wpfck wuf&jcif;rsm; jyKvkyf&wwfygonf? r&nf&G,fbJ ajr0ifwwfonf? TvtwGif;tppt&m&mowd}uD;pGmxm;&ef vdkygonf? rdrdtay: raumif;}uHjcif; raumif;ajymjcif;rsm; cH&wwfonf? tvkyftudkifYxdkcd kufwwfonf? jy\em}uD;pGm ajz&Sif;&wwfonf? &k H; jyifuEMm/ tr_tcif;rsm;eSif h ywfouf&wwfonf? rdrdESif hwuG

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jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf& Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf? pmrsufESm (6)

rdom;pkygusef;rma&; nHhwwfonf? aq;&kH/ aq;cef;txd a&muf&wwfonf? rD;/ v#yfppf 'kuQay;wwfonf? txl;owdjyKyg?vlrs d K ; jcm; 'kuQay;wwfonf? om;orD; vufatmufi,fom;twGuf pdwfnpfp&m}uHKrnf? pufypPnf; ' kuQay;wwfonf? a&$ESifh &wemypPnf;rsm; xGufjcif;/ aygifESH&jcif;rsm; }uHK&wwfonf? aiG'va[mxGufjcif;/ aiGtwGuf ajymqdkajz&Sif;&jcif;rsm; }uHK&wwfonf? rxifrSwfaom aqGrs dK;om;csi f;u tultnDaumif; ay;vdrf hrnf? Xmeqdkif&m t}uD;tuJ/aqGrs dK;t}uD;tuJwdk@u tultnDtaumif; ay;vmvdrf hrnf? txl;owdjyK&ef usef;rma&;nHhaom ouf}uD;&G,ftdkrsm;tdrfodk@ vma&mufwnf;cd kv#if qH k;yg;oGm;wwfonf? ajcaxmuf wGiftE œ&m,fjzpfwwfonf? vkyfief;topf/ tpDtpOfopfrsm; ay:aygufvmwwfonf? ,cifESpfrsm;u usefcJ haom a&$/ aiG/ &wemrsm; ,ckESpfxJwGif ukefqH k;oGm;wwfonf?avmu"Hw&m;. rw&m;nSOf;yrf;r_udk cH&+yD; rar#mfvifhbJ oHa0*w&m; &vdrfhrnf? tppftaq; tar;tjref; cH&wwfonf?udk,fcENm tpdwftydki f; wpfckck xdcd kufwwfonf? TumvtwGif; aumif;us dK;csrf;omrsm; yd kr d k&&S dvmap&efESif h tnHhtcdkufrsm; oufomajyaysmufap&ef atmufyg,=wmrsm;udk *&kpdkufjyKvkyfygav? xD;eDoufaphvSLyg? aq;0g;"mwf pmvSLyg?

aom=umom;orD;rsm;twGuffTvtwGif; pdefxnfypPnf;rsm; pufypPnf;rsm; 0ifvdrf hrnf? vkyfief;opfvkyf&ef t}uHtpnfaumif;rsm; tquf

tqufoGufaumif;rsm; ay:vmvdrf hrnf? odk @aomf TumvtwGif; ypPnfrsm;udk xkcG Ja&mif;csI vkyfief;topf }uD;}uD;rm;rm; p&ef raumif;ao;yg? TumvtwGif; xDrxdk;oifyg? xDaygufv#if rdom;pktwGif; usef;rma&; qdk;qdk;0g;0g; nHhoGm;wwfonf? roGm;csifaom c&D;rsm; pdwfnpfp&mc&D;rsm; oGm;&wwfonf? txufvl}uD; aqGrs dK;t}uD;tuJwdk@urdrdtay: txifvGJwwfonf? om;orD;rsm; usef;rma&; nHhwwfonf? a&$xGufrnf? ajc/ vuf/ rsufjcif;/ cg;em;jcif;rsm;jzpfwwfonf? pyfwl&S,f,mvkyfief;rsm; ay:vmvdrf hrnf? vkyfv#if atmifjrifrnf? txl;owdjyK&ef aiGvlvdrfcH&rnf?cifrifol cspfola=umifh 'kuQawG@wwfonf? rdwfaqGtaygif;toif; rsm;ESif h rar#mfvifhbJ vrf;cG J&wwfonf? om;orD;&SdutdrfrS xGufoGm;vdrfhrnf? 'DumvrSm udk,f0efaqmif rdef;rawG txl;owdjyKyg? arG;v#if tcuftcJawG@Edkifonf? olhoabmolaqmif &vmaomaiGeSif h vd kufavsmnDaxGjzpfatmif aeyg? bmrSvkyfp&m r&S dygu xdkifaeyg? Om%fudk Om%foHk;vkyfrS'kuQawG@wwfonf? tr_ rajz&Si f;&yg? wwfEd ki foavmuf tcs defqG Jyg? rjzpfrae jy\emr_awG &Sif;&r,fqdkv#if t&_H;ay;vdkufyg? aiG0ifvmv#if ajr0,fxm;yg? tdrf}uD;}uD;us,fus,f raqmufygESif h TumtwGif; aumif;usdK; csrf; om;rsm;ydkrdk&&Sdvmap&efESifh tnHhtcdkufrsm; oufomajy aysmufap&ef atmufyg,=wmrsm;udk *&kpdkufjyKvkyfygav? tdrfubk&m;wGifaumfzD (1)cGufESif h udwfrkef@ (1) csyf uyfvSLvdkufyg?

paeom;orD;rsm;twGufTvtwGif;Y oifonf tbufbufrSm pdwfcsrf;omp&mrsm; }uHKawG@vm&vdrf hrnf? ,ckumvwGif tdrfaxmif

jyKygu wnf+rJaom tdrfaxmifrjzpfEd kif/ tdrfaxmifjyKv#if om;orD; ygvmwwfonf? vkyfief;opfrsm; pwif&wwfonf?xdkvkyfief;rsm;onfvnf; vGefpGmusdK;ay; atmifjrifrnf? tvSLtwef;jyK&jcif;/ r*FvmyG Jrsm; pDpOfay;&jcif;rsm; jyKvkyf&wwfonf? tvkyfae&m tdrfae&m ajymif;a&$ @&wwfonf? a&$0ifrnf? &wemypPnf;rsm; 0ifrnf? bk&m;qif;wkawmf/yH kawmfrsm; =uGvmrnf? oifhtwGuf tvGefaumif;aomedrdwf jzpfygonf? TumvtwGif;Y pD;yGm;tvGefaumif;ouJhodk@udk,fusifhw&m; txl;ta&;}uD;aom tcsdefjzpfygonf? tr_tcifjzpfaeoludk aiGracs;ygESifh/ tmrcH rvdkufygESifh/ owdjyKIa&Smif=uOfyg? yw œjrm; jr xGufwwfonf? txl;owdjyK&ef tdrfaxmif&S dolqdkv#if tdrfaxmifbufESif h tqifrajy }uD;pGmjzpfwwfonf? oGyf/ oH/ opfwpfywf&pf ypPnf;vufrcHygESif h / atmufvufi,fom; 'kuQay;wwfonf? ema&;udpPudkta=umif;jyI c&D;oGm;&wwfonf? q&morm;uJ hod k @aom yk* ~ d Kvfrsm;ESif h tqifrajy jzpfrnf? vky fazmfudki fvufrsm;rdwfaqGrsm;ESif h tqifrajy vrf;cG J &wwfonf? ,ckumvwGif tdrfaqmufv#if raumif;yg tpm;rSm; aq;rSm;jzpfjcif;oGm;'kuQay; jcif;rsm; }uHK&rnf? ajrudpP tarGESpfudpPrsm;}uHK&wwfonf? aiG&Sm& vG,fulayr,fh pkaqmif;I r&/? aiG0ifv#ifudkifrxm;&/ a&$0,fxm;yg? TumvwGif udk,fpdwfE_wfoHk;yg;udk razmufrjyef wnfwnf =unf=unf xdfef;odrf;ed kifolawGwefzkd;}uD;rm;aom b0odk@ a&mufEdkifonf? rxdef;odrf;Edkifol tzdk@ a&ESifhxdaom &$H@EGHb0 a&mufedkifonf? TumvtwGif;aumif;usdK;csrf;omrsm; ydkr d k&&Sdvmap&efESif h tnHhtcdkufrsm;/ oufomajyaysmufap&ef atmufyg,=wm rsm;udk *&kpd kufjyKvkyfygav ? ,yfjzL oufaphvSLyg? bk&m;&ifbwfawmf a&$csyg/ a&oufaphuyfvSLyg?

q&m[def;wifhaZmf

WE DO, SO WE ARE (JACBA)

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jrefrmjynfom;pmapmif

jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf& Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?

arv= ZGefv 2014

pmrsufESm (7)

jre frm jynfom; bavm h* fr S ae @pO fwi faom owif; tcsuftvufr sm;u d kaomi f & i f ; e * g ; a z h ( p f )b kw f

(http:://www.thaungyinnagar.facebook ) wGifvnf;aumif;/ e*g;aomif&if; wGpfwm(http:://www.nagarthaungyin.twitter ) wGifvnf;aumif; 0ifa&mufzwf&_e k di fygonf?

** Public Health **r=umc% EHk;csnfh anmif; nm+yD; yifyef;ovdkvdk p Gr f;

tifr&Sd ovdkvdk jzpfae ygovm;? &dk;pif;wJh b0aexdkif r_yHkpHudkajymif;vJay;vdkuf&H ke J @ oif hb0rSm pGrf;tifawG jyef&Sdvmyg vdrfhr,f?

(1) a&rsm;r sm; aomuf ay;yg a&"mwfcef; ajcmufr_jzpf&if cE<mudk,f&J@ vkyfief; aqmif wmawGud k x dx da&mufa&muf vky faqmifE d ki fp Gr f ; usap wma=umif h E H k ;csnf h yifyef;aewwfygw,f? 'ga=umif h r =um c% a&aomufay; &ygr,f?

(2) uzif;"mwfud k owd xm;yg wpfae@r Sm uzif;ygwJh t&nf (Oyrm- aumfzD/ vuf zuf&nfeJ@ udkvm) wdk@udk wpfcGuf/ ESpfcGuf aomufwmu pGrf;tifwdk;ap+yD; pdwf&$if vef;apygw,f? 'gayrJ h uzif;"mwfudk rsm;rsm; rS D0 Jwm (Oyrm-wpfae@ ajcmufcGufcef@) u &ifwkefwm/ uwkefu,ifjzpfwmeJ@ oufvHk usqif;wmwdk@udk jzpfapEd ki fygw,f?

(3) eHeufpmudk yH kr Se fpm;yg eHeufpmudk rSefrSefpm;wmu ZD0&kyf jzpfysufr_udk aumif;rGefap+yD; cE<mudk,ftwGufvdktyfwJh pGrf;tifudk &&Sdapygw,f? OD;aESmuf[m avmifpmtjzpf *vl;udk@pfay:rSm rlwnfaewJhtwGuf umAdk [dkuf'&dwfrsm;rsm;ygwJh e Heufpmud k pm;ay;oif hygw,f? tpmrpm;bJae&if aoG;wGif;o=um;"mwfud k avsm husapwma=umif h E H k ;csnfhE Gr f;e,fr_ jzpfvG,fygw,f?

(4) tm[m&jynfh0atmifpm;yg aumufESHwpfckvHk;eJ@ vkyfxm;wJhtpm Oyrm- qefvHk;ndK/ acgufqGJndK tqDenf;edk@eJ@E d k @xGufypPnf;/ tqDenf;tom;/ opfoD;e J@ [if;oD; [if;& Gufwdk @ud k rsm;rsm;pm;&if tm[m& jynf h0apygw,f? tqD/o=um;eJ@ qm;rsm;wJh tpmawGudk av#mhpm;yg? trsK d;orD;awG taeeJ@ oH"mwfcs k d K @wJh r _jzpf&if EH k;csnfh anmif;nmwwfwma=umif h tqDenf;tom;vdk oH"mwfyg0ifr_rsm;wJh tpm pm;ay;oifhyg w,f?

(5) &ufwdk tpmav#mhenf;rsm; rusifhoHk;ygESifh udk,ftav;csdef uszdk@twGuf &ufwdkwdktwGif; tav;csdefusapr,fhtpm/ tqDusaq; pwmawG oHk; +yD; udk,ftav;csdef rav#mhcsygeJ@? 'Dvdk tpmav#mhwma=umifh cE<mudk,fu vdktyfwJhADwmrif/ ow œ K”mwfawGudk r&&SdbJ EH k;csnhfanmif;nm Ed ki fygw,f?

(6) tdyfa&;00tdyfyg wpfnudk & Sp fem&Davmuf tdyfcs de fay;oif hygw,f? tdyfpufcs de fr Smvnf; ESpfESpf +c dKuf+c dKuftdyfaysmfzdk@ vdkygw,f? tdyf&mxJ a&mufwJhtcg ylyifp&m tawG;awGudk arhypf+yD; 0ifavxGufav rSwfwm/ bk&m;pm&Gwfwmwdk @e J@ tyef;ajzum tdyfpuftem;,lyg?

(7) tdyfaq;raomufygESifh tdyfaq;awGu tdyfraysmfwJh a0'emtwGuf a&&Snfajz&Sif;enf; r[kwfygbl;? 'Daq;awGutdyfraysmfwJh ta=umif;&if;udk ukowm r[kwfwJhtwGuf bma=umifh tdyfraysmf& wmvJqdkwm tajz&Smyg? tdyfraysmfbJEH k;csnfhanmif;nmae&if q&m0efeJ@ wdki fyif+yD; usef;rma&; ppfaq;r_ cH,loifhyg w,f?

š =u,fpif š

vlxkusef;rma&; (r=umc% EHk;csnfh anmif;nm wwfolwdk@ pGrf;tifwdk; aprnfhenf;rsm;)

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jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf& Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf? pmrsufESm (8)

r Jaqmuf- befaumuf (tm&S vrf;r}uD;)&Sd yxr ppfaq;a&;*dwf (a[G[if;zk H;)rSm +yD;cJhwJh arv 5 &uf ae@u taxmuftxm; tjynf htp k H wi f jyE d ki fy g vsufeJ @ a& S@qufoGm;cGi f h r&aom OD;rd k; }udK;u arv 8 &ufae@ tvky form; ' kw d,0e f }u D;OD;xifatmif/ n$efcsKyf OD;rsK d;atmif wd k @ud kt pD&ifc Hwifjy &mrSmrJaqmuf tygt0if wmhcfc&kdif 9 +rdK@ e,fu jre frma& $ @ a jymi f ;tvkyform; jy\emawGxJrSm xdkif; &J (v0u&J/ r_cif;&J) awG&J@ taxmuftxm; &S d& S dr&S d& S d aiGawmif; wm/ yxrpp faq;a&;* dw f(a[G[if;z k H ; ) r Sonf 7 * dw f& S d +y D ; tc ktcg ai Gawmi f;r&vd khqufqHa&; &kdi f;yswmawG yg0ifygw,f?

a[m²²²²² 'Dae@ (arv 14 &ufae@)rSm MRPWG (IRC) &kH;rSm Eleven Media &J@pmyg/ &kyfoHygowif;awGudkxd kif; Facebook trsKd;rsK d;u xdkif;bmomeJ@ bmomjyefazmfjy wmawGudk jyygw,f? +yD;awmh b,fvdkta&; ,lay;&rvJar;ygw,f? OD;r d k ; }udK;u tJ'D v0u&Jt&mcHA d kvfud k jrefrm a&$@ajymif;vkyfom;awGudk qufqHa&; aumif;aumif;rGefrGefeJ@ qufqHay;yg? olwdk@ [mxdkif;Ed kif&J@ ukefxkwfpGrf;tm;udk }uD;}uD;rm;rm;tusKd;jyKaeolawG/ rdwfaqGawGvdk@ ESvkH;oGif;ay;zdk hajymcJhygw,f? 'kwd,&JrSL;}uD;uvnf; tJ'D v0u&Jt&mcHAdkvfudk oludk,fwdkifjyKjyifay;r,f/ aemuf'grsKd; rjzpfap&bl;vdk@ ajymygw,f? wmhcfc&kdifv0u (n$efrSL;) 'kwd,&JrSL;}uD;qGefcsK dif;'DyJ,m;eJ h v0u&J'kwd,&JrSL;}uD; om&maqmhwdk@eJ@trSwfw& yk H& dyfazmfcJ hwmayg hAsm?

'kwd,0ef}uD; OD;xifatmif&J@ =um;emr_/ Eleven Media &J hazmfxkwfr_a=umifhrJaqmuf+rdK@ yxrppfaq;a&;*dwfu OD;rdk;}udK;&J@ udk,fawG hjzpf&yfudk

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jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf& Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf? pmrsufESm (10)

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jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf& Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf?

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(8.5.2014)

e-mail—[email protected]

xdkif;zkef;— 087 849 6545— 085 602 3573

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jrefrmjynfom;pmapmif

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jrefrmjynfom;rsm;ta&; yl;wGJv_yf& Sm;r_aumfrwD (JACBA)rS vpOfxkwfa0jzef@cs Donf? pmrsufESm (16)

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