science presentation made by ayush dabra
TRANSCRIPT
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THIS IS A POWERPOINT PRESENTATION BASED ON
CLASS 6 SCIENCE TEXTBOOK
Chapter 1:Food : Where Does It Come From?
• The substance which we eat everyday, containing various edible substances or components, provide us energy & materials that help our body remain healthy is called Food.
• Food that is a component of a mixture in cooking is called an Ingredient.
• Some food items are prepared with two ingredients, while some others are made with many ingredients.
• Pulses, water, salt, spices, etc. are the ingredients used to prepare Dal.
Types Of Animals On The Basis of their food habits
• Herbivores- The animals, that eat plant products as food only are called Herbivores. Example : Rabbit, Cow, Giraffe etc.
• Carnivores- Those animals that depend for food, eat only other animals are called Carnivores. Example : Tiger, Lion, Snake etc.
• Omnivores-Those animals that eat plants & animals both as food are called Omnivores. Example : Dog, Cat, Rat, etc.
Herbivore Animals
Carnivore Animals
Omnivores Animals
Chapter 2 :Components Of Food
• Nutrients-Ingredients contain some components that are needed by our body. These components are called Nutrients.
There are two types of nutrients:-a) Major Nutrientsb) Micro NutrientsMajor NutrientsThe major nutrients in our food are named as • Carbohydrates• Proteins• Fats
How to prepare Iodine solution
A Dilute solution of iodine can be prepared by adding a few drops of tincture iodine to a test tube half filled with water.
How to prepare copper sulphate solution
Copper Sulphate Solution can be prepared by dissolving two grams of copper sulphate in 100 ml of water.
How to prepare caustic soda solution
10 grams of Caustic Soda dissolved in 100ml of water makes the required solution of Caustic Soda.
Sources Of carbohydrates
Sources of fats
Sources of proteins
Sources of vitamin a
Sources of vitamin b
Sources of vitamin c
Sources of vitamin d
Sources of iodine
Sources of phosphorus
Test for starch· 1 Gather a number of food samples. Try to use a wide variety: fruits,
vegetables, breads, cereals, dairy products and "junk" foods such as candy or chips.
· 2 Put a sample of each food on a washable plate or tray. · 3 Fill the eyedropper with iodine and drop a few drops onto each food
sample.· 4 Observe what happens to the drops of iodine on the food. If the food
contains starch, the iodine drops will turn black. If the food does not contain starch, the drops will stay the same colour (reddish-orange).
· 5 Discard the samples when you are done with them. Do not let
anyone eat them, as iodine is toxic.
Test for fat• Add 2cm (cube) of ethanol to a few drops of the unknown
substance in a test tube• Shake well• Add 2cm (cube) of water to the test tube• A Positive result will result in a cloudy white
suspension forming at the top of the solution.• For solids• Cut sample into a few pieces and place them in a test tube• Add 2cm (cube) of ethanol and shake it thoroughly.• Allow solid to settle and decant ethanol into another test
tube• Add 2 cm (cube) of water to the new test tube• A Positive result will result in a cloudy white
suspension forming at the top of the solution.
Test for proteins· 1 Select the food you'd like to test and remove just a small portion
of it.· 2 Place it in a bowl with about a tablespoon of distilled water and
crush with a fork (or spoon). You're trying to make an almost liquefied version of the food.
· 3 Transfer the liquid into a test tube by using a eye dropper.· 4 Squeeze 3 to 4 drops of Beret Reagent Solution, cover tube and
shake.· 5 Wait for the colour to change. If it turns either pink or purple, the
food contains protein.
Chapter 3 : Fiber to fabric• Yarn: Loose threads are called Yarns. Yarns are
made up of fibers.• Fibers: The thin strands of threads that are
made up of still thinner strands are called Fibers.
• Fabrics: Fabrics are made up of yarns.• Natural Fibers: Fibers that are obtained
from plants & animals are called Natural Fibers.• Synthetic Fibers: Fibers that are not obtained
from plants & animals are called Synthetic Fibers.
Some more important points• Plant Fibers : Fibers that are obtained
from plants are called plant fibers.• Animal Fibers : Fibers that are obtained
from animals are called animals fibers.• Ginning: A process to Separate cotton
from its seeds.• Spinning: A process of making yarns from
fibbers is called spinning.• Weaving: the process of arranging 2 sets
of yarn to make fabric is called weaving.
Different types of yarns and fabrics
Cotton yarn Cotton
Synthetic Synthetic Yarn
Silk YarnSilk
Paper Mat
Spinning Wheel
Chapter4: Sorting materials into group
• Insoluble: Insoluble things are those things which cannot dissolves in water.
• Luster: Materials that have shine are called luster.
• Metals: Which allow electric current and heat to pass through them are called metals.
• Opaque: Through which things cannot be seen.
• Soluble: Soluble things are those things which can dissolves easily in water.
Opaque objects
Transparent objects
Translucent objects
Chapter 5: Separation of substances
• When two or substances are mixed together, we call it a mixture.
• Condensation: The process of conversion of water vapor into liquid is called Condensation.
• Decantation: When the water along with the impurities is removed after sedimentation is called Decantation.
• Evaporation: The process of conversion of liquid or water into vapor is called Evaporation.
• Hand-picking: The method that is used to separate impurities of larger size like stone from grains is called Hand-picking.
Some methods of separating substances
Some more methods of separating substances
Chapter 6: Changes around us• Changes: Act of transformation.• Contraction: Reduction in size.• Evaporation: Transformation of a
substance into vapor.• Expansion: Increase in size.• Melting: Changing any solid or a hard
substance into Its liquid state.
Some changes
Chapter 7: getting to know plants
• Climbers: Type of trailing plants• Conduct: To do or run something• Creeper: A plant that grows on the surface of
ground• Fibrous Root: A root system that consists of
very fine branches from the same base.• Herbs: A flowering plant whose stem is very
soft, not much woody & is above the ground.• Lamina: A thin plate, sheet or layer.• Lateral Roots: Those roots that extend
horizontally from the primary roots.
Parts Of Plants
Flower
Bud
Leaves
Stem
Roots
climber
Creeper
Fibrous roots
Parts of a typical flower
lamina
Leaf venation
Chapter 8: Body movements• Backbone: Something that is similar in shape or
position to a spinal column.• Ball & Socket Joint: A multi-axial joint in which a
sphere on the head of one bone fits into rounded cavity in the other bone.
• Bristles: One of the short stiff coarse hairs of certain animal especially hogs.
• Cartilage: A strong flexible connective tissue that is found near the outer ear.
• Cavity: A hollow area within the body, such as sinus cavity.
Some more important points• Fixed Joint: The joints which cannot move, are called
Fixed Joints.• Gait Of Animals: Gait is pattern of movement of limbs
of animals.• Hinge Joints: A Hinge is a type of bearing that
connects two bones typically only a limited angle of rotation between them.
• Muscle: A tissue of body which produces movement.• Skeleton: Framework of bones of a vertebrate is
called a Skeleton.• Streamlined: A contour design to offer the least
possible resistance to current of a fluid optimally shaped for motion or conductivity.
How Do animals move from one place to another?
Animal Body Part Used For Movement
Gait For Movement
Cow Legs Walk/RunHumans Legs Walk/RunSnake Whole Body SlitherBird Legs & Wings Fly/Walk/RunInsect Legs & Wings FlyFish Whole Body Swim
Chapter 9:the living organisms and their surroundings
• Adaptation: The act of adapting or the state of being adapted.
• Aquatic Habitat: The plants and animals that
live in water are said to be aquatic habitat.• Biotic Components: Biotic components
are the living factors which interact with organisms.
• Excretion: The act of excreting.• Growth: The act of evolution.
Aquatic habitat
Terrestrial habitat
Desert habitat
Chapter 10:Motion and measurement of distances
• Circular Path: Moving of particle in a circular path.
• Distance: Space between two points.• Measurement: The act of measuring.• Motion: The act of changing place.• Periodic Motion: Motion that is repeated
in equal intervals of time.• Rectilinear Motion: Moving of particles in
straight line
Means of transportation
Chapter 11:Light shadows and reflection
• Luminous: Objects which emit light of their own are called luminous objects.
• Mirror: A thing that reflects lights.• Opaque: Opaque objects are those
objects through which light cannot pass.• Pin Hole Camera: A device that is used to
see bright objects.• Reflection: The act of reflecting.• Shadow: A dark shape on a surface.
Chapter 12:Electricity and circuits
• Bulb: A glass part of lamp which lights up when electricity passes through it.
• Conductors: Materials that allow current and heat to pass through them are called conductors.
• Electric Cell: A source of electricity.• Electric Circuit: A complete route through
which electricity can pass.• Filament: A thin wire of tungsten that
lights up when electricity passes through it.
Bulb
Cell
Chapter 13:Fun with magnets• Compass: It is a device used to determine
geographical direction.• Magnet: It is a device that attracts metals like
iron, cobalt or nickel.• Magnetite: Magnetite is a natural magnet.• North Pole: The end of magnet that points
towards North when suspended freely in air.• South Pole: The end of magnet that points
towards South
Ring magnet
Cylindrical magnet
magnetite
Neodymium magnet
Bar magnet
Horse shoe magnet
Different types of magnet
Chapter 14:water• Water is essential for our life.• We need water not only for our daily activities
but also for producing many things.• Ponds, Lakes, Rivers, Wells etc. are some
sources of water.• Oceans cover a major part of the Earth.• The water in oceans & seas is saline.• Heating is essential to convert water into its
vapor.• Water Vapor enters the air through the process
of Evaporation & Transpiration.
Water cycle
CHAPTER 15:air around us • Air is a mixture of gasses.• Air is a matter and it occupies space.• Air can be found anywhere but we cannot see
it.• Nitrogen and Oxygen together make up 99% of
the air.• The organisms that live in soil need oxygen to
respire.• Air has an important role in water cycle.• Life on earth is supported by atmosphere .• Water and soil Also contains air in them.
Whether cock
Composition of air
Experiments with an empty bottle
Mountaineers carry oxygenCylinders with them
Policeman regulating traffic at a crowded crossing often wear a mask
A windmill
CHAPTER 16:Garbage in garbage out
• A place where the garbage is collected from a city or a town is dumped is known as landfill.
• Garbage has useful and non useful components.• Burning of garbage produce smoke and gasses
that are harmful for our health.• Vermicomposting is the method of preparing
compost with the help of red worms.• Red worms do not have teeth.• Red worms can eat food equal to its own weight in
a day.• We should not put garbage in plastic bags and
throw it away.
Vermicomposting • Vermicompost is the product or process
of composting using various worms, usually red wigglers, white worms, and other earthworms to create heterogeneous mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste, bedding materials, and vertices. Vermicast, also called worm castings, worm humus or worm manure, is the end-product of the breakdown of organic matter by an earthworm.[1] These castings have been shown to contain reduced levels of contaminants and a higher saturation of nutrients than do organic materials before vermicomposting.
• Containing water-soluble nutrients, vermicompost is an excellent, nutrient-rich organic fertilizer and soil conditioner. This process of producing vermicompost is called vermicomposting.
A landfill
Modern landfill
Burning of garbage
Food for red worms
Vermicomposting
MADE BY AYUSH DABRAClass 6 roll NO. 10
MADE UNDER GUIDANCE OF
SANJEEV KUMAR MATHUR SIR