ayush malhotar

8/4/2019 ayush malhotar

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Water heating is a thermodynamic process using

an energy source to heat water above its initialtemperature. Typical domestic uses of hot water

are for cooking, cleaning, bathing, and space

heating. In industry, both hot water and waterheated to steam have many uses.


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Domestically, water is traditionally heated in vesselsknown as water heaters, kettles, cauldrons, pots, orcoppers. These metal vessels heat a batch of water but do

not produce a continual supply of heated water at apreset temperture. The temperature will vary based onthe consumption rate of hot water, use more and the

water becomes cooler.Appliances for providing a more-or-less constant supplyof hot water are variously known as water heaters,boilers, heat exchangers, calorifiers, or geysers

depending on whether they are heating potable or non-potable water, in domestic or industrial use, their energysource, and in which part of the world they are found.

But here we will deal with water heating geysers.


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Geysers or water heaters are gas, oil or electric-fired

devices used to heat water for residential andcommercial use.The most common types are storagewater heaters and demand water heaters.Storage water heaters :

water heaters work by heating up water in aninsulated tank can store water up to 20 to 80

gallons. Storage water heaters are fueled by electricity,natural gas, or oil. An on demand water heater provideshot water without any storage tank. An on demand

water heater uses gas, electricity, or propane as theheat source to heat the water and reducesthe energy consumptionby eliminatingthe standby losses caused by unused hot water in a tank. An ondemand water heater is also known as a tankless water heater. Atankless hot water heater constantly delivers hot water by


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Storage water heaters :

Storage water heaters work by heating up water in aninsulated tank can store water up to 20 to 80

gallons. Storage water heaters are fueled by electricity,natural gas, or oil. These consist of a cylindrical vessel/container

in which water is kept continuously hot and ready for use. Typical

sizes for household use range from 75 to 400 litres . These may useelectricity, natural gas, propane, heating oil, solar, or other energysources.Compared to tankless heaters, storage water heaters have theadvantage of using energy (gas or electricity) at a relatively slow

rate, storing the heat for later use. Larger vessel/containers tend toprovide hot water with less temperature fluctuation at moderateflow rates.


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on demand water heaterAn on demand water heater provides hot water without any storagetank. An on demand water heater uses gas,

electricity, or propane as the heat source to heat thewater and reduces the energy consumption by eliminatingthe standby losses caused by unused hot water in a tank.An on demand water heater is also known as a tanklesswater heater. A tankless hot water heater constantly

delivers hot water by activating its heating devicewith the flow of water. . These water heaters instantlyheat water as it flows through the device, and do not retainany water internally except for what is in the heat exchanger

coil.Tankless heaters are often installed throughout a household at

more than one point-of-use (POU), far from the central waterheater, or larger models may still be used to provide all the hotwater requirements for an entire house. The main advantages oftankless water heaters are a continuous flow of hot water andenergy savings .


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There are many other types of

water heaters available. Examples

include a hot water heater,

electric water heater, solar waterheater, and gas water heater. Lets

have a look over Different

types of geyser!

A hot water geyser consists

of a heavy steel tank to hold waterthat is insulated. The thermostat

and heating elements are used

respectively to control temperature


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and to heat the water inside the tank. Hot water heaters that have residual hot water storage in a

vessel/container heat, electrical water heaters can be a goodmatch for an intelligent electrical power distribution system,

heating when the electrical grid load is low and turning off

when the load is high.

Electric water geyser:An electric water heater is an insulated tank in which theelectrical elements controlled by thermostat heats the water.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat


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The tank can store from 20 to 80 gallons of water. On the average, water heaters last for 13 years.Electrical waterheaters can be a good match for an intelligent electrical power distribution system, heating when the electrical grid

load is low and turning off when the load is high. This could be implemented by allowing the power supplier to sendload-shedding requests, or by the use of real-time energy pricing.

Solar water heater:A solar water heater uses solar energy to heat water. A solar water heater uses a small solar electric (photovoltaic)module to provide power to pump, which then circulates the heat transfer fluid through collectors. solar collectors areinstalled outside dwellings, typically on the roof or nearby. Nearly all models are the direct-gain type, consisting of

flat panels in which water circulates. Other types may use dish or trough mirrors to concentrate sunlight on acollector tube filled with water, brine or other heat transfer fluid. A storage vessel/container is placed indoors or out.

Circulation is caused by natural convection or by a small electric pump.

A gas water heater is also widely used because it is less expensive and heats water quickly. gas heaters are mostpopular in the United States and most European countries, since the gas is often conveniently piped throughout cities

and towns and currently is the cheapest to use.

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