human devt

7/18/2019 Human Devt

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DEVELOPMENTAL

PSYCHOLOGY



THE BRANCH OF PSYCHOLOGY

THAT

DESCRIBES,EXPLAINS,PREDICTS,AND SOMETIMES AIMS TO

MODIFY AGE RELATED BEHAVIOR

FROM CONCEPTION TO DEATH.

WHAT IS DEVELOPMENTALPSYCHOLOGY?



QUALITATIVE CHANGE- OCCURS IN THE

PERSON'S NATURE OF FUNCTIONING LIKEACHIEVING EFFICIENCY AND ACCURACY INPERFORMANCE.

QUANTITATIVE CHANGE- IT INVOLVES CHANGESIN THE SIZE OF CHEST,CIRCUMFERENCE OF

THE HEAD,LENGTH OF THE ARMS AND FEET.



MATURATION-REFERS TO CHANGES INDEVELOPMENT THAT RESULT FROMAUTOMATIC,GENETICALLY DETERMINEDSIGNALS.

CONCEPTION-THE FERTILIZATION OF THEFEMALE OVUM OR EGG BY THE MALE SPERM.

KEY CONCEPTS IN DEVELOPMENTALPSYCHOLOGY



CHROMOSOMES-THREADLIKE STRAND OFDNA (DEOYRIBONUCLEIC ACID!

MOLECULES THAT CARRY GENETICINFORMATION.



GENES- A SEGMENT OF DNA THAT

OCCUPIES A SPECIFIC PLACE ON APARTICULAR CHROMOSOMES.



NATURE VS NURTURE ISSUE



NATURE

-ACCORDING TO NATURIST,GROWTH TENDENCIES ARE INBORN.

-ACCORDING TO THENURTURIST,THE PRIMARY

DETERMINANTS OF DEVELOPMENTARE LEARNING AND INTERACTION

WITH ENVIRONMENT.

DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE OFNATURE VS NURTURE ISSUE

NURTURIST



-TODAY ,HOWEVER,MOST PSYCHOLOGISTSUPPORTS AN INTERACTIONIST

MODEL,WHICH SEES BOTH INBORN, GENETICPROCESSES AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORSCONTRIBUTE TO HUMAN DEVELOPMENT.

WHICH POSITION IS MORECORRECT?



THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVESYSTEM



GERMINAL STAGE- THE FIRST STAGE OFPREGNANCY (CONCEPTION-"WKS!CHARACTERIZED BY RAPID CELLDIVISION.

STAGES OF PRE NATALDEVELOPMENT



EMBRYONIC STAGE- THE SECOND STAGE OF

PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT (FROM UTERINEIMPLANTATION TO THE # WK!,CHARACTERIZEDBY MA$OR BODY ORGAN AND SYSTEM.



CEPHALOCAUDAL DEVELOPMENT- AGENERAL PATTERN OF PHYSICAL GROWTH INWHICH DEVELOPMENT OCCURS FIRST IN THEREGION OF THE HEAD AND LATER IN THELOWER REGION.

PROXIMODISDAL DEVELOPMENT- A

GENERAL PATTERN OF PHYSICAL GROWTH INWHICH DEVELOPMENT STARTS AT THECENTER OF THE BODY AND MOVES TOWARD

THE ETREMITIES.

TYPES OF DEVELOPMENT OCCURINGDURING THE EMBRYONIC STAGE



FETAL STAGE- THE THIRD AND FINAL STAGEOF PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT (# WKS-BIRTH!,CHARACTERIZED BY WEIGHT GAIN IN

THE FETUS AND THE FINE DETAILING OF BODYORGANS AND SYSTEMS.



MONOZYGOTIC TWINS

DYZYGOTIC TWINS

TYPES OF TWINS



GENETIC ABNORMALITIES



CLINICALMANIFESTATIONSHAVING ONLY TOTAL NUMBER OFCHROMOSOMES.

UNDEVELOPEDOVARIES

AMMENORHEA

UNDEVELOPEDBREAST

INFERTLITY

WEBBEDNECK

TURNER'S SYNDROME

MISSING X SEXCHROMOSOMES



HAVING AN ECESS SE CHROMOSOMES

DELAYED DEVELOPMENT

LOW IQ

POLY SYNDROME



CLINICALMANIFESTATIONS

HAVING AN ECESS SE CHROMOSOMES

UNDEVELOPED TESTES

INFERTILITY

DEVELOPED BREAST

LOW SE DRIVE)ENERGY

KLINEFELTER'S SYNDROME

PHOTO



HAVING AN ETRA Y SE CHROMOSOMES

SEVERE CASE OF ACNE DURING ADOLESENCE

BELOW AVERAGE IQ

TALLER THAN NORMAL MALESAGGRESSIVE

SUPERMALE SYNDROME



CLINICALMANIFESTATIONS

HAVING AN ETRA "*ST CHROMOSOME

CONGENITAL EYES, EARS AND HEART DEFECT.

SHORT STUBBY LIMBS

SLOPPING FOREHEAD

PROTRUDING TONGUE

SINGLE PALMAR CREASE

ORIENTAL IN APPEARNCE

DOWN'S SYNDROME

PHOTO



CLINICALMANIFESTATION

MICROSTOMIA

SHORT PALPEBRAL FISSURE

MALFORMED EARS,ELONGATED SKULL,

CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

CLENCHED HANDS

CRYPTORCHIDISM

EDWARD'S SYNDROME

PHOTO



CLINICALMANIFESTATION

DEVELOPED ONLY ONE EYE.

DEFECT OF EYE,NOSE,LIPS,EARS,

AND FOREBRAIN

HYPERCONVE

PATAU'S SYNDROME

PHOTO



STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT



ETENDS FROM BIRTH AND THE LATTER PART OF THIRD YEAR.

DURING THE FIRST WEEKS, THE BABY+S CAPACITYFOR SENSORY DISCRIMINATION IS LESS PATTERNED

AND SENSATION SUCH AS VISION AND AUDITION,ARE NOT YET DEVELOPED,ECEPT THE SENSE OFSMELL,TASTE,ORGANIC AND SKIN SENSITIVITIES.

MOST OF THE INFANTS BEHAVIOR ARE REFLEIVE

IN NATURE.NEONATAL TASK OF LEARNING ARE LIMITED TO

RESPIRATION,DIGESTION AND ELIMINATION.

INFANCY



THERE IS A RAPID GROWTH PHYSICALLYMARKED BY THE CHANGES IN BODYPROPORTION.

CAN DO CRAWLING AND CREEPINGMOVEMENT ROLL SIDE TO SIDE AND OVERLIEON HIS BACK AND SIT WITH SUPPORT ANDLATER WITHOUT SUPPORT,AND EVENTUALLYLEARN TO WALK.

BASIC LANGUAGEDEVELOPMENT(CRYING,SIMPLEVOCALIZATION,BABBLING, OR SYLLABICATION.

BABYHOOD



ETENDS FROM "- YEARS OLD.

TROUBLESOME AGE/ WHERE BEHAVIORDOMINATES BECAUSE YOUNG CHILDREN ARE

DEVELOPING DISTINCTIVE PERSONALITIES AND ARE

DEMANDING INDEPENDENCE WHICH THEY USUALLYCAN+T HANDLE SUCCESSFULLY.

TOY AGE/ WHERE YOUNG CHILDREN SPEND TOOMUCH OF THEIR WAKING TIME PLAYING WITH TOYS.

PRE GANG/ THE TIME WHEN CHILDREN ARELEARNING THE FOUNDATION OF SOCIAL BEHAVIORAS A PREPARATION FOR A MORE HIGHLY ORGANIZEDSOCIAL LIFE.

EARLY CHILDHOOD



0PRESCHOOL AGE0 THE TIME BEFORE THE CHILDENTERS FORMAL EDUCATION AND STILL FREE FROMPRESSURES AND EPECTATIONS THAT FORMAL

EDUCATION GIVES.

0EPLORATORY AGE0 WHICH IMPLIES THAT CHILDRENWANT TO KNOW WHAT THEIR ENVIRONMENT IS,HOW ITWORKS,HOW IT FEELS,HOW THEY CAN BE PART OF IT.

0QUESTION AGE0 THE CHILDREN 'S WAY OF EPLORINGBY ASKING QUESTIONS WHICH AT TIMES ARE ENDLESS.



ETEND FROM -*" YRS OF AGE.PROBLEM AGE/ FOR PARENTS, WHEN CHILDREN NO

LONGER DO WHAT THEY ARE TOLD TO DO SO SINCE THEY ARE MORE INFLUENCED BY THEIR PEERS THAN

BY THEM AND THEIR FANILY MEMBERS.QUARRELSOME AGE/ WHEN SIBLING FIGHTS ARE

COMMON.

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL AGE/

GANG-AGE/ CHILDREN+S MA$OR CONCERN ISACCEPTANCE BY THEIR AGEMATE AND THEIRMEMBERSHIP IN A GANG.

AGE OF COMFORMITY/

LATE CHILDHOOD



EARLY ADOLESCENCE WHICH ETENDS TO *1 YRS OF AGE IS USUALLY REFFERED TO AS THE TEENAGE PERIOD.

AN IMPORTANT PERIOD WHEN BOTH THEIMMEDIATE AND LONG TERM PHYSICAL ANDPSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECT ARE IMPORTANT.

TRANSITION PERIOD

ETERNALLY,RAPID GROWTH ANDDEVELOPMENT IN PHYSICAL ASPECT ARECHARACTERISTIC OF ADOLESCENCE.

ADOLESCENCE



IT COVERS FROM AGE *#-2 YEARS OF AGE.

SETTLING DOWN AGE/ WHERE BOYS ANDGIRLS ASSUMES RESPONSIBILITIES OF ADULTLIFE.

REPRODUCTIVE AGE/ WHEN PARENTHOOD IS THE MOST IMPORTANT ROLE IN THE LIVES OFMOST YOUNG ADULT.

PROBLEM AND EMOTIONAL TENSION AGE/WHEN PROBLEMS RELATED TO AD$USTMENT

TO DIFFERENT MA$OR AREAS OF ADULT LIFE(MARRIAGE,PARENTHOOD AND $OB! ARE AT

HAND.

EARLY ADULTHOOD



0PERIOD OF SOCIAL ISOLATION0 WHENRESPONSIBILITIES AT HOME OR AT WORK ISOLATE

THEM FROM THEIR FORMER PEER GROUPS.

0TIME OF COMMITMENT0 WHEN THEY ESTABLISH NEWPATTERN OF LIVING AND ASSUMES RESPONSIBILITIES.

0PERIOD OF DEPENDENCY0 WHEN THEY FULFILL THEIRGOALS AND DREAMS BY SOLICITING HELP FROMSIGNIFICANT OTHERS TO FINANCE THEIR NEEDS.

0TIME OF VALUE CHANGE0 THE CAUSE OF WHICH IS THE BROADENED SOCIAL CONTACTS THEY HAVE WITHDIFFERENT AGES AND THE EPERIENCES THAT GOWITH IT.



IT ETENDS FROM AGE 2-2.

DREADED PERIOD/ DUE TP PHYSICAL ANDMENTAL DETERIORATION.

TIME OF STRESS/ WHEN A NUMBER OFMA$OR AD$USTMENT MUST BE MADE IN THEHOME ,BUSINESS AND SOCIAL ASPECT OF

THEIR LIVES.

DANGEROUS AGE+ WHEN MEN PROVE ONE+SVIRILITY OR A TIME WHEN INDIVIDUAL BREAKDOWN PHYSICALLY DUE TO OVERWORK,TOOMUCH WORRY AND CARELESS LIVING.

MIDDLE ADULTHOOD



0 TIME OF ACHIEVEMENT0 THEY BECOME MOREAND MORE SUCCESSFUL OR MAY STANDSTILL

AND DO NOTHING.

0TIME OF EVALUATION0 THEY WILL LOOK BACKAND REFLECT THEIR ACCOMPLISHMENTS IN

THE LIGHT OF THEIR EARLIER ASPIRATIONSAND THE EPECTATIONS OF OTHERS.

0 A TIME OF EMPTY NEST0



ETENDS FROM AGE 2-12.PERIOD OF DECLINE/WHERE PHYSICAL AND

MENTAL PROCESSES SLOW DOWN

CHANGES IN RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES. THE PHYSICAL HAZARDS THAT

CHARACTERIZED OLD AGE ARE DISEASES.

OLD AGE

human devt

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