d9.1-b: report on analysis and prioritization of white...

eDIANA Embedded Systems for Energy Efficient Buildings

Grant agreement no.: 100012

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D9.1-B: Report on analysis and prioritization of white spots, opportunities and barriers

towards norms and standards

Author(s): Piet Welles Philips Dr. Ingolf Karls Intel Jesús Benedicto Atos

Issue Date April 2011 (m27)

Deliverable Number D9.1-B

WP Number WP9: Pre-normative research and implementation towards standardization

Status Delivered

Report on analysis and prioritization of white spots, opportunities and barriers towards norms and standards

eDIANA: GA no.: 100012

D9.1-B

April 2011

Disclaimer

The information in this document is provided as is and no guarantee or warranty is given that the information is fit for any particular purpose. The user thereof uses the information at its sole risk and liability.

The document reflects only the author‟s views and the Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.

Document history

V Date Author Description

0.1 01.12.2010 Apptech Initial version with ToC

0.2 21.02.2011 Apptech Intel

Updated TOC

0.7 16.03.2011 Apptech IKER PRES ACCIONA

Draft and review of partner inputs

0.8 13.04.2011 Intel TECNALIA-ESI

Integration of FP7 ProSE results (Efficient standardization in Embedded Systems)

Integration of national standard roadmaps (e.g. “Normungsroadmap E-Energy / Smart Grid Deutschland” ,“Smart Grid” United States)

Updates according to CEN/CENELEC/ETSI Joint Working Group, EC Task Force on SG + expert groups and Future EU Mandate on Smart Grids

Input to ICT4E2B forum

0.9 20.04.2010 Atos Chapter 2 contribution.

1.0 26.04.2010 Intel Chapter 2, 3, 4 and 5 contributions

1.1 27.04.2010 Apptech Intel

Results of questionnaire included, chapter 2,3 and 4 reviews, summary and chapter 5 changes

1.2 28.04.2010 Atos Intel

Chapter 2.1.7 contribution, Figures added



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Summary

This document presents the deliverable D9.1-B of Task 9.1 of eDIANA and in particular an analysis and remarks on topics or aspects of the norms, standards or regulations that will be impacted directly or indirectly by eDIANA outcome. The issue of interoperability is covered. This systematic analysis of opportunities and barriers is basis for following conclusions: what are the requirements on future regulations and standards for a successful implementation of eDIANA and which parts of existing regulations or standards can hinder the development or the implementation of eDIANA technologies. Lessons learned are used from solutions in existing norms, standards or regulations for other fields. The activities in this task have been:

Systematic survey and analysis of the inventory for potential opportunities, problems or conflicts,

Categorization of potential problems or conflicts to similar or comparable classes of barriers,

Systematic check for opportunities coming from the inventory of standards, norms and regulations,

Standard needs for interoperability

Consolidation and drafting the list of barriers and opportunities,

Review discussion of the draft list with experts inside and outside the project consortium,

Finalizing the barriers and opportunities list.



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Contents1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 6

2. ANALYSIS OF STANDARDIZATION BODIES AND PROJECTS ................... 7

2.1 ACTIVITIES IN EUROPE ................................................................................... 8 2.1.1 JWG Smart Grid ............................................................................................ 8 2.1.2 European Technology platform (ETP) ............................................................. 8 2.1.3 European Smart Metering Industry Group (ESMIG) .......................................... 8 2.1.4 ETSI TC M2M ............................................................................................. 10 2.1.5 Smart Grids and Energy Markets (SGEM) program ......................................... 11 2.1.6 FutuRed – Spanish Technological Platform of Electrical Grids .......................... 11 2.1.7 National Technology Platform (NTP) Smart Grids Austria ................................ 12 2.1.8 Activities in GermanyDKE/VDE „German standardization roadmap EEnergy“ ..... 12 2.1.9 Electricity Networks Strategy Group (ENSG) .................................................. 13 2.1.10 EC Mandate for Smart Metering M/441 ....................................................... 13 2.1.11 EC Mandate for Electrical vehicle M/468 ...................................................... 14 2.1.12 EC Mandate for Smart Grid Deployment in Europe M/490 ............................. 14

2.2 ACTIVITIES IN CHINA, JAPAN AND SOUTH KOREA .................................................. 14

2.3 ACTIVITIES IN UNITED STATES ........................................................................ 15 2.3.1 NIST .......................................................................................................... 15 2.3.2 Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) ....................................................... 16

2.4 ACTIVITIES AT IEEE ..................................................................................... 16 2.4.1 IEEE SCC21 Standards Coordinating Committee ............................................ 16 2.4.2 IEEE P2030 Smart Grid Communications Architecture SG1 .............................. 16

2.5 ACTIVITIES GLOBALLY .................................................................................... 17 2.5.1 IEC SMB Strategy Group 3 ........................................................................... 17 2.5.2 UCA Open Smart Grid sub committee ........................................................... 17 2.5.3 ITU Smart Grid ........................................................................................... 18 2.5.4 ZigBee Alliance ........................................................................................... 19 2.5.5 IETF .......................................................................................................... 20 2.5.6 IPSO .......................................................................................................... 20

3. PRIORITIZATION OF STANDARD BODIES AND PROJECTS ...................21

4. BARRIERS AND WHITE SPOTS IDENTIFIED ..........................................22

5. CONCLUSION .........................................................................................23

6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS...........................................................................23

8. REFERENCES ..........................................................................................24



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Abbreviations

3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project

CEN Comité Européen de Normalisation

CENELEC Comité Européen de Normalisation Électrotechnique

eDIANA Embedded Systems for Energy Efficient Buildings

ESMIG European Smart Metering Industry Group

ETP European Technology platform

ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute

ICT Information and Communication Technology

ICT4E2B ICT 4 E2B Forum

IEC International Electrotechnical Commission

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

ISO International Organization for Standardization

ITU International Telecommunication Union

KNX Worldwide standard for Home and Building Control

NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology

OASIS Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards

OSGi Open Services Gateway Alliance (formerly initiative)

ProSE Promoting standardisation for embedded systems

REEB European Strategic Research Roadmap to ICT enabled Energy-Efficiency in Building and Construction

SDO Standard Developing Organization

TC M2M Technical Committee (TC) M2M

UPnP Universal Plug and Play



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1. Introduction This document presents the second deliverable (D1.9-B) of work package 9.1 of eDIANA. It concludes with an analysis report and detailed activity plan for the prioritized actions of tasks T9.2 and T9.3. T9.1-A did an inventory of existing tests, norms and standards in order to be cross-checked with the technologies that are developed in eDIANA or that are relevant for the success of the eDIANA concept. The task concluded that the following standardization bodies and projects are of importance for eDIANA:

ETSI 3GPP ETSI TC M2M ISO CEN/ CENELEC

IEC ITU ANSI ESMIG NIST (Smart Grid Interoperability Standards Project)

IFC data models, BIM (Building Information Model) datasets UPnP Low Power IEEE 802.15.4 (ZigBee) KNX OSGi

ProSE (http://www.prose-project.eu) REEB (http://www.ict-reeb.eu ) ICT4E2B (http://www.ict4e2b.eu )

http://www.ict-reeb.eu/

http://www.ict4e2b.eu/



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2. Analysis of Standardization Bodies and Projects This report describes a subset of the current standardization activities with regard to the scope of the eDIANA project. The analysis got focus at major European around the EC mandates to the main European standardization bodies. Nevertheless global activities have been taken into account if seeing as necessary.

The CEN/CENELEC/ETSI Joint WG did a Smart Grids workshop on “Standards: An architecture for the Smart Grids” in April 2011. Major conclusions were that standardized architectural concepts, data models and protocols are essential to achieve interoperability, reliability, security and evolution. But these smart grids standardization will by no means business as usual due to the huge amount of stakeholders, the different innovation speeds, the variety in requirements and the lack of mature solutions. Activities like the Smart Grid standardization mandate (M/490), the ESOs Smart Grids Coordination Group and the EU FP7 call on Smart Grids priorities shall ensure sufficient level of standardization.

All stakeholders are aware of the necessity to define a consistent framework and architecture for smart energy data life cycle, process management, security and advanced real-time analytics. But there are show stoppers today like the large number of stakeholders including their business interests, the variety of solutions and even standards available and the uncertainty about business models. Furthermore the mass deployment of high volume sensing and active network devices resulting in a considerable increase of data and the requirement to move towards peer-to-peer real-time supply chain including energy creates new challenges in terms of interoperability, security, safety, reliability, responsiveness and scalability.

From a global point of view there is a very good cooperation between ETSI M2M and the ITU-T Smart Grid Focus Group. The ITU-T Smart Grid FG uses a three functional layers approach in particular covering application/service layer, control/connectivity and the so called energy layer. OASIS‟, another fora, Enable a Reliable Sustainable Energy System is working at a transactional energy market picture and price communication use cases to ensure interoperability and standards harmonisation. GSC (Global Standards Coordination) is one of the places to do standardisation work giving another option besides direct interaction between SDOs and Fora.

IETF IPv4 and IPv6 will play an important role in smart grid communication. Under recent discussion are IP/MPLS teleprotection (Alcatel-Lucent), protocol translation gateways vs. IP end-to-end. Further smart grid related technical specification work is ongoing in many bodies, e.g. IETF (CoRE, ROLL, 6LowPAN), Zigbee (IP), Wavenis-OSA and IPSO. Since communication standardization is seen as important aspect with the smart grid framework there is a proposal to have a dedicated seminar/workshop on smart grid communications or to be part of the following coming workshops: ETSI Future Network Technologies Workshop 26 - 27 September 2011 and ETSI TC M2M Workshop 18 -19 October 2011.



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2.1 Activities in Europe

2.1.1 JWG Smart Grid Joint Working Group on standards for Smart Grids in Europe (chairmen Ralph Sporer) has been established May 2010 and reports to CEN/CENELEC and ETSI. More than 40 organizations, representing the European association of all involved stakeholders, are participating. Its main tasks are the coordination, reporting on European status of standardization of smart grid and consulting on M490 mandate on smart grid. The agreed official report dated 17.03.2011 includes amongst others issues the European standardisation and regulation landscape as well as the status of standardization.

Figure 1 Setup of standardization in Europe (source JWG on standards for Smart Grids in Europe)

2.1.2 European Technology platform (ETP) SmartGrids ETP Forum (http://www.smartgrids.eu ) is an executive group of 12 individuals representing the various groups of stakeholders: TSOs, Electrical systems manufacturers, DSOs, ICT service providers, Regulators, Metering manufacturers, Centralized generation, Customer interaction and metering, Renewable generation, Industrial R&D, Users, Academic and governmental R&D.

2.1.3 European Smart Metering Industry Group (ESMIG) ESMIG gives advice and provides its expertise to key stakeholders and actors, such as the European Union institutions, EU Member States governments and authorities, regulators, consumers and utilities on all aspects related to Smart Metering. ESMIG

http://www.smartgrids.eu/



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founded the Smart Metering Coordination Group (SMCG) to assist mandate M441 to create standards (e.g. at CEN, ETSI CEER/ERGEG, CENELEC, EURELECTRIC, MARCOGAZ, FACOGAZ, EUROGAS, AQUA, WELMEC, CEN/CLC, SEC FORUM, EVVE, OPEN meter project, AIE), achieve interoperability, improve customer awareness and achieve timely demand adaption. ESMIG‟s SMCG works together with CLC TC 13, CLC TC 205, CEN TC 294 and ETSI TC M2M. ESMIG TR is comprised of architectures and descriptions (function blocks and interfaces) and a list of standards (per identified interface for consideration, review, filling the gaps).

Figure 2 SM-CG architecture

SM-CG specified the following additional functionalities which might be of impact to eDIANA framework:

Remote reading of metrological register(s) and provision to designated market organization(s)

Two-way communication between the metering system and designated market organization(s)

Meter supporting advanced service plans, tariffs and payment systems

Meter allowing remote disablement and enablement of supply

To provide secure communication enabling the smart meter to export metrological data for display and potential analysis to the end consumer or a third party designated by the end consumer

Meter providing information via portal / gateway to an in-home / building display or auxiliary equipment



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Enabling secure communication of AMI components with devices or gateways within the home/building, used in the provision of energy efficiency and demand side management services

Some use cases identified in eDIANA are confirmed by ESMIG‟s SMCG use cases e.g. remote reading of metrological registers and provision of these values to designated smart grid stakeholders, a concentrator establishes energy balance for subsystems and meters supplied, provide information on provider supply status, supplier sets and or modifies contracted energy flow, supplier connect, disconnects certain loads as agreed by the customer for managing the bill.

2.1.4 ETSI TC M2M ETSI TC M2M scope is to collect and specify M2M requirements and to develop and maintain an end-to-end overall high level architecture for M2M. The working group identifies gaps in the existing standardization landscape and shall develop standards to fill them.

Figure 3 Standards landscape in Europe

ETSI TC M2M is working at an end-to-end high level architecture and the interconnection and integration of wireless capillary networks and their devices with wide area communication networks. Furthermore it takes into account device identification and naming, addressing and location, QoS, security and privacy, charging, device management and provisioning. There are certain links towards the



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eDIANA project in particular at the application layer interfaces to the overall framework components and the hardware communication interfaces.

TC M2M liaise with other ETSI TBs as appropriate e.g. ETSI TISPAN, ITS, SCP, 3GPP, ERM) as well as other SDO and for a like OMA, GSMA, ZigBee Alliance, WOSA, ISA,

IEEE, IETF, IPSO Alliance, ISO, ITU-T, OSG‑I, W3C and the Open Geospatial

Consortium.

At ETSI‟s 57th General Assembly meeting in April 2011 several value chain stakeholders (Alcatel-Lucent, AT&T, Cinterion, Deutsche Telekom, Ericsson, Gemalto, Huawei, Interdigital, KPN, LGE Mobilecomm, NEC, NSN, Oberthur Technologies, Qualcomm, Samsung, Telecom Italia, Telenor, TNO, Vodafone, Verizon Wireless) asked for a consolidation of M2M work in either a new Partnership Project, an existing Partnership Project or an existing SDO. Finally there was an agreement to look at creating a M2M Partnership Project. This would be a step in the right direction according to the eDIANA‟s project experiences of a too diverged standardization landscape.

2.1.5 Smart Grids and Energy Markets (SGEM) program There is the CLEEN SGEM consortium in Finland to leverage the countries‟ assets in Smart Grid 1.0 and ICT in making 2.0 happen. The experiences show that standardization support to create a sustainable and scalable energy management ecosystem. Many Finnish successful projects rely on standards, either de facto or SDO created. SGEM confirms eDIANA finding that smart energy management applications will increasingly need data communication and collection capabilities and data analysis applications and solutions to utilize the data in a broad sense of services.

2.1.6 FutuRed – Spanish Technological Platform of Electrical Grids The Spanish Technological Platform of Electrical Grids FUTURED [7] aims to integrate all of the agents involved in the electricity sector at the Spanish national level to define and promote strategies in Research and Development to Spanish electricity transport and distribution grids. FUTURED was formed in October 2005 and includes and represents the main economic and scientific-technological agents, such as large electric companies, manufacturers, SMEs, Administrations, technological centers and universities.

The main objective is to develop in collaboration of companies in the electrical sector new products and services based on technology and innovation for the new electrical supply scenario as well as to cooperate in the development of Spain‟s electrical regulatory framework, which promotes and facilitates the harmonious development of the electrical system. Different technical documents have been produced as “Strategic vision document” [8] or “Map of Capacities and Scientific-Technological Infrastructures” [9] as result of their work done, where areas involved in eDIANA as measuring equipment and an intelligent control of the energy are addressed.



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2.1.7 National Technology Platform (NTP) Smart Grids Austria NTP Smart Grids Austria is a consortium of significant stake-holders in the area of electricity supply which acts as strategic cooperation partner and national/ international coordination platform for smart grids in Austria, which global objective is to strengthen competitiveness and system competence of the Austrian energy and communication industry.

NTP Smart Grids Austria has a mission create a clear national strategy paper for Smart Grids (Roadmap Smart Grids Austria) based on a broad discussion forum.

2.1.8 Activities in GermanyDKE/VDE „German standardization roadmap EEnergy“ The German commission for electrical, electronic and information of DIN and VDE published the German roadmap EEnergy, smart grid in May 2010. The standardisation roadmap is reviewed and updated according to corresponding work at SDOs and Fora respectively R&D projects like eDIANA. The DKE/VDE roadmap follows closely the IEC seamless integration architecture (SIA) for the smart grid of the future.

Figure 4 IEC TR 62357 Seamless Integration Reference Architecture (SIA)

The core standards are IEC 62357 (reference architecture), IEC 61970 and IEC 61968 (common information model), IEC 62351 (security) and IEC 61850 (substation automation). Standards of high relevance are IEC 60870-5 and -6 (tele and inter



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control center communication), IEC TR 61334 (DLMS), IEC 61851 (smart home communication and metering standards) and IEC 62056 (COSEM DMS).

2.1.9 Electricity Networks Strategy Group (ENSG) The Electricity Networks Strategy Group (ENSG) brings together key stakeholders in electricity networks to support British government in meeting long-term energy challenges.

ENSG established a smart grid working group to produce a UK smart grid vision and roadmap [10]. The roadmap provides a framework to move from the UK‟s high level objectives to a set of potential pilot projects. Among the mentioned key challenges is “fully integrated end to end technologies”, which is an area, also addressed by eDIANA. Although the document emphasise a prioritised, coordinated and concerted approach to the development of common and open standards, no explicit interoperability and standardization statements are given.

Figure 5 Smart grid end state (Source: http:/www.ensg.gov.uk/assets/ensg_routemap_final.pdf )

2.1.10 EC Mandate for Smart Metering M/441 The EC issued a standardization mandate to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI in the field of smart meters March 12th 2009. The general objective of the M/441 mandate is to create European standards that will enable interoperability of utility meters (water, gas, electricity, heat) which can then improve the means by which customers‟ awareness of actual consumption can be raised in order to allow timely adaptation to their demands. A European standard for communication should be presented by end of 2009 and harmonized standards shall be ready for the framework by September 2011.



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2.1.11 EC Mandate for Electrical vehicle M/468 The EC issued June 4th 2010 a mandate to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI for the standardisation of charging of electric vehicles to ensure interoperability of the vehicle charger system and the electricity supply framework in particular the smart grid. Standards shall be adopted by end of 2011.

2.1.12 EC Mandate for Smart Grid Deployment in Europe M/490 The EC issued March 1st 2011 a mandate to European Standardisation Organisations (ESOs) to support European Smart Grid deployment. The objective and scope of M490 mandate is to develop or update a set of consistent standards within a common European framework

That integrate a variety of digital computing and communication technologies and electrical architectures, and associated processes and services

That will achieve interoperability and will enable or facilitate the implementation in Europe of the different high level Smart Grid services and functionalities as defined by the Smart Grid Task Force

That will be flexible enough to accommodate future developments.

Building, Industry, Appliances and Home automation are out of the scope of this mandate; however, their interfaces with the Smart Grid and related services have to be treated under this mandate.

The M/490 work will be co-ordinated with the outcomes of the existing mandates M/441 and M/468 to ensure a coherent standardisation framework (a bi-directional process). First standards including a reference architecture are envisaged by end of 2012.

2.2 Activities in China, Japan and South Korea The State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC) specifies its own smart grid standards taking into account more than 186 smart grids related technical standards in its Smart Grid roadmap by the end of 2010. SGCC has identified in the first stage of its three stage plan 22 standards overall which are in the scope of IEC SG3 as well.

The Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) is working at its so called JISC Roadmap for Smart Grid since 2009. The issues there are being addressed in cooperation with IEEE, IEC and CEN/CENELEC.

The Korean KATS Smart Grids Standardization Forum released the National Smart Grid Roadmap January 2010. Besides that the Korea Smart Grid Institute was established to manage the government‟s Smart Grid roadmap and to operate a Smart Grid test-bed and a pilot city.



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2.3 Activities in United States

2.3.1 NIST NIST Smart Grids Conceptual Architecture Framework leads the US standardization process and interoperability panel including the smart grid conceptual architecture, timeline and feedback.

Figure 6 Smart Grid Conceptual Reference Diagram (Source: NIST Interoperability Framework 1.0)

NIST invited CEN/CENELEC/ETSI Joint WG to join their framework. The NIST Smart Grid Framework and Roadmap 1.0 (http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/ ) has been published January 2010 identified 75 existing standards of relevance to it. There are 17 priority action plan (PAP) projects defined which are filling key gaps e.g. a companion cyber security strategy (figure 7). Nearly all PAPs have overlap with eDIANA topics, in particular security and privacy.

NIST uses the principles of the World Trade Organization‟s Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade “Decision of the Committee - Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations (Annex 4).” in its evaluation process. These are for example:

The standards development process shall be transparent The SDO and For a are open to all interested parties

The standard development process is fairness and consensus driven

http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/



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There is a tradeoff between technical innovation and market and regulation needs

Standards are globally coherent

Figure 7 NIST approach to Security (Source [19])

2.3.2 Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP) SGIP is a public-private partnership created in November 2009 with more than 600 member organizations. It identifies requirements, prioritizes standards development programs and works with over 20 SDOs including IEC, ISO, ITU and IEEE.

2.4 Activities at IEEE

2.4.1 IEEE SCC21 Standards Coordinating Committee The IEEE Standards Coordinating Committee 21 (SCC21) develops standards in the areas of fuel cells, photovoltaic (PV), dispersed generation and energy storage. Amongst current activities are IEEE P2030 (Draft Guide for Smart Grid Interoperability of Energy Technology and Information Technology Operation with Electric Power System (EPS) and End-Use Applications and Loads) and IEEE P1547 (Draft Technical Guidelines for Interconnection of Electric Power Sources Greater than 10MVA to the Power Transmission Grid).

2.4.2 IEEE P2030 Smart Grid Communications Architecture SG1 IEEE P2030 (http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/2030/2030_index.html ) addresses the basic Smart Grid definitions, frameworks, challenges and three different architectural perspectives (Power & Energy, Communications and IT) with interoperability tables and charts. The architectures adopts a methodic end-to-end and system engineering approach to address the secure, modular and scalable Smart Grid interfaces and building blocks. IEEE 2030 will develop a series of standards to

http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/scc21/2030/2030_index.html



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address more specific technologies and implementation of Smart Grid system (e.g. P2030.1 Electric Vehicle, P2030.2 Storage Energy Systems) in particular the interoperability architecture perspectives of power system, communications and information technology.

2.5 Activities globally

2.5.1 IEC SMB Strategy Group 3 The IEC Smart Grid Strategic Group (SG3) published its first version standardization roadmap June 2010. The core standards are:

IEC 62357 Reference Architecture – SOA Energy Management Systems; Distribution Management Systems

IEC 61970/61968 CIM (Common Information Model) EMS; DMS; DA; SA; DER; AMI; DR; E-Storage

IEC 61850 Substation Automation EMS; DMS; DA; SA; DER;AMI IEC 61968 Distribution Management IEC 61970 Energy Management IEC 62351 Security

IEC 62056 Data exchange for meter reading, tariff and load control IEC 61508 Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic

safety related systems.

2.5.2 UCA Open Smart Grid sub committee The UCA International Users Group (UCAIug, http://www.ucaiug.org ) is a non-profit organization, promoting integration and interoperability of gas/electric/water utility systems through use of international standards-based technology. The Users Group does not write standards, however works closely with standardization bodies to communicate issues concerning the standards in their area and to serve as primary means for developing consensus and consistency across the industry.

The Open Smart Grid Users Group (OpenSmartGridug, http://osgug.ucaiug.org/) is a user community under the administrative umbrella of the UCAIug with the mission to foster enhanced functionality, lower costs and speed market adoption of Advanced Metering networks and Demand Response solutions through the development of an open standards-based information/data model, reference design & interoperability guidelines.

The OSGug Technical Subcommittee addresses a broad range of central Smart Grid topics in its working groups (see figure), in particular security, communications, information modeling and conformance testing. The OSGug is heavily engaged with the NIST Smart Grid Roadmap activities (see 2.3.1) and addresses related OpenSG tasks in the various NIST Priority Action Plans (PAPs).

For example, OpenADR (Automated Demand Response), originally developed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories, will now become standard through the OASIS Energy Interoperation (EI) Technical Committee [11] in close interaction with the OpenADR task force of the Smart Grid Systems WG of OSGug. This standard is being adopted in NIST PAP09 “Standard DR (Demand Response) and DER

http://www.ucaiug.org/

http://osgug.ucaiug.org/



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(Distributed Energy Resources) Signals” and covers dynamic price signals, reliability signals, emergency signals, communication of market participation information such as bids, and load predictability and generation information.

OpenHAN (Home Area Network) is another important example related to the Smart Grid goal of enabling informed participation by end-use consumers in retail and wholesale electricity markets. The OpenHAN task force released a Home Area Network System Requirements Specification [12] as important prerequisite and framework for the standardization and development in this area.

Figure 8 UCAiug Open Smart Grid Users Group organization chart

2.5.3 ITU Smart Grid ITU-T established a Smart Grid Focus Group (SGFG) with the main goal to develop, in cooperation with ISO/IEC, a set of Recommendations on next generation communication technologies for Smart Grid in 2010. Deliverables are in particular use cases for smart grid, requirements of communication for smart grid and Smart Grid architecture due to in June 2011. Identified key areas for standardization are technologies for automated energy management and decentralized power generation in customer premises, including home, building, and factories, intelligent grid management at the power transport and distribution level, information and communication infrastructure to provide energy intelligence, control and security, applications and services for the coordination the energy system on the business level, security control and management with the different level of requirements for Smart Grid and Smart meters and AMI. SGFG established relationships with the following SDOs on Smart Grid: IEC, ISO/IEC JTC 1, ITU-R, ETSI TC M2M, TIA & ANSI and CCSA.



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In addition to that ITU-T developed a family of PLC networking technologies based on OFDM modulation and advanced coding methods. These are G.9960/61 Low Complexity Profile (LCP) - Smart Grid BB with a bit rate of 5 up to 20 Mb/s and G.9955/56 - Smart Grid NB PLC with bit rates up to 1 Mb/s whereas narrow band and broad band versions can be used in parallel. ITU-T approved G.9960/61 in June 2010 – Smart Grid high-speed communications technology that coexists with in-home broadband and consented for approval G.9955/56 in Feb 2011- Smart Grid narrow band communications technology that coexists with legacy FSK deployments and intended to coexist with IEEE P1901.2.

2.5.4 ZigBee Alliance ZigBee Alliance‟s activities include standards for wireless sensor and control and see itself as a key enabler for the Internet of Things. A first standard related Smart Grid has been release with ZigBee Smart Energy (ZSE), it‟s second version is under way as ZigBee Smart Energy 2.0. ZigBee‟s Smart Energy profile will support basic metering [measurements, historical info, etc], Demand Response (DR) and Load Control, Pricing [multiple units & currencies, price tiers, etc.], text messages, Device support for Programmable Communicating, Thermostats (PCTs), Load Controllers, Energy Management Systems, In Home Displays (IHDs), security to allow consumer only, utility only, or shared networks and support for water and gas. In addition the Society of Automotive Engineers and ZigBee working to use ZigBee Smart Energy to define how EVs and the grid interact, whether at the consumer‟s home or at a remote location. This initiative will provide essential control functions necessary to safely manage the charging of PEVs while maintaining grid integrity, management of charging costs and utility incentives and real-time information for control of transportation energy use.

The Society of Automotive Engineers and ZigBee are working utilizing the ZigBee Smart Energy specification to define the way Electric Vehicles and the grid interact. It is important this will work at the consumer‟s home as well as remote location. This initiative will provide essential control functions necessary to safely manage the charging of PEVs while maintaining grid integrity, management of charging costs and utility incentives and real-time information for control of transportation energy use.

Enhancement planned are standardized Over-the-Air Bootloader, Enhanced Price Cluster Support, Block tariffs, in which price changes are triggered by accumulated consumption, rather than time of day, Price acknowledgements, application-level messages acknowledging receipt of a price update by a device, Tunneling Support, Tunneling manufacturer-specific messages between backoffice systems and in-home devices, delivered through an ESI, Tunneling other standards-based protocols, such as ANSI, C12.18 or DLMS COSEM, Meter Swap-Out Support, Allow replacement of the Trust Center, which manages device provisioning, Allow devices on the HAN to provision to new Trust Center, Prepayment, Credit monitoring and Service connect/disconnect notification.



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2.5.5 IETF 6LoWPAN is an Adaptation Layer. The Routing Over Low power and Lossy Link (ROLL) working group is define Routing Solutions for LLN (Low power and Lossy Networks).

The CoRE Working Group is going to provide a framework for resource-oriented application intended to run on IP (Internet Protocol) constrained network and applications to monitor control IP smart objects (create, read, update and delete of resources). A simple protocol (CoAP) running over UDP to manipulate resources of a device will be defined.

2.5.6 IPSO IPSO is promoting the use of IP in networks of Smart Objects. It is the marketing arm of IETF ROLL and CoRE to create awareness of available and developing technology with IP for Smart Objects.



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3. Prioritization of Standard Bodies and Projects One of the goals of this D9.1B document is to analyse, prioritize, identify barriers and identify white spots according norms and standards. Document D9.1-A identified the recognized norm and standards. These identified norms and standards were the starting point for the above stated goals.

The ARTEMIS eDIANA project is aimed at using smart systems to enhance the sustainability of urban buildings in Europe. The project is developing reference architecture, and the eDIANA Platform is intended to enable the interoperability of heterogeneous devices at Cell and MacroCell levels, and also to enable connection of the building as a node in the electrical grid. Since eDIANA is an European ARTEMIS project it focus firstly on European standard SDOs and fora.

Another prioritization came due the fact of de-facto availability of a standard in a certain application or service domain. E.g. ZigBee has emerged (from a primarily USA-based industrial alliance) to meet the need of eDIANA well and has been selected as solution therefore.

All the partners were asked to weight each of the listed norms and standards to the following criteria:

a. eDIANA fails without this Norm / Standard

b. eDIANA is blocked because of this Norm / Standard

c. eDIANA identified white spots

This collaborated analysis results are as follows:

a) eDIANA fails without the Norm / Standards

1. Zigbee - 4 partners

2. CE-HTML - 3 partners

3. Ethernet, SQL, Linux/X11, Windows, XML, SOAP - 2 partners

4. Data Link, DOM, WSDL - 1 partner

5. X-HTML (user interface on mobile devices) - 1 partner

b) eDIANA is / could be blocked because of the Norm / Standards

Service provider specific dependencies GSM/ GPRS/ EDGE/ HDSPA/ UMTS/ LTE

Radio in white space, digital dividend (not standardised yet)

Uncertainty regarding QT because of change of policy at Nokia: UDP/IP

IEC 61968/61970, OpenHAN

c) eDIANA identified white spots

Zigbee: Support for CO2 sensors



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4. Barriers and white spots identified The eDIANA project found that there is not only a very competitive standard environment but rather a race for national and global standards in the area of smart grids and energy management. In addition to that we have got many existing and developing standards in the area of an energy management framework. For example there are many local-area communication protocols (PLC, WiFi, Bluetooth, ZigBee, DECT, etc.), spanning a wide range of technologies, but mostly they were not usable in relationship in the eDIANA framework because since these standards have not been developed for the sake of energy management and often do not take into account the needs of this application domain.

Another issue found is the amount and variety of stakeholders. Global and national regulators and stakeholders across the whole value chain must be considered regarding their business models and interests. These stakeholders are often represented in different SDOs and fora. There it is required to establish cooperations and liaisons between them avoiding double work or going into too different directions.

The eDIANA project recognised early in the requirement analysis the huge horizontal complexity of the framework envisaged. eDIANA shows an obvious need either for „a‟ standard or a limited number of interaction standards rather than a multiplicity of standards. Thus it is proposed to approach the JWG of CEN/CENELEC and ETSI to try to address the problem from top to down.

eDIANA‟s research and development illustrated the different innovation speeds in the technology areas involved. In particular the development in the area of communication technologies and sensor actuator applications made it evident that it has been carefully to be decided what needs to be standardized and when. We found eDIANA‟s approach of an open common framework, which allows separate functions, applications and services to be implemented, proven and very useful.

The framework chosen even helped to overcome the barrier of addressing a moving target in terms of standards available. By applying eDIANA‟s flexible framework building blocks can be used from legacy, from current and even future ones could be integrated.

For smart grids exist today still a lot of different regional standards. In general, harmonized European Smart Grid standards are missing in many smart grid areas. Proposed solutions like Alcatel-Lucent‟s recent demonstration of the Internet Protocol/Multiprotocol Label Switching (IP/MPLS) protocol could be a way forward.

Furthermore security and data protection is a requirement that needs to be addressed more. There are clear standardisation needs for privacy, fraud prevention and infrastructure protection in an interoperable way. As recent publications in the Netherlands show [21], the use of the information acquired by smart meters has got many privacy concerns that have to be taken into account.

Another white spot is the support of sensor types in the current specifications, in particular in home networks built upon like ZigBee.



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5. Conclusion The analysis of the European and international standardization landscape confirmed and extended the eDIANA D9.1-A findings. Firstly there is a clear need to limit the variety of standards at the various layers and in particular the number of access interfaces based on recommendations from standardization and/or regulation bodies. Secondly standards regarding energy management including smart grids shall be developed iteratively, future-proof and allow managed proliferation globally. And thirdly the insurance and enforcement of security, safety and privacy of the upcoming energy management frameworks needs carefully being taken into account.

6. Acknowledgements The eDIANA Consortium would like to acknowledge the financial support of the European Commission and National Public Authorities from Spain, Netherlands, Germany, Finland and Italy under the ARTEMIS Joint Technology Initiative.



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8. References 1. European Technology Platform: SmartGrids - Strategic Deployment Document for

Europe‟s Electricity Networks of the Future http://www.smartgrids.eu/documents/SmartGrids_SDD_FINAL_APRIL2010.pdf

2. NIST Special Publication 1108, NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid Interoperability Standards, Release 1.0, January, 2010

http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/upload/FinalSGDoc2010019-corr010411-2.pdf 3. IEC Smart Grid Standardization Roadmap, June 2010; Edition 1.0

http://www.iec.ch/smartgrid/downloads/sg3_roadmap.pdf 4. Draft ETSI TS 102 690 Technical Specification Machine- to- Machine

communications (M2M);Functional architecture

5. HGI-RWD017-R3 : Requirements for Home Energy Management and Control Service

6. ETSI workshop “Standards: An Architecture for the Smart Grid” http://www.etsi.org/WebSite/NewsandEvents/2011_SMARTGRIDWS.aspx

7. Spanish Technological Plattform of Electrical Grids (FUTURED) http://www.futured.es

8. FUTURED, “Strategic Vision Document”, May 2009, http://www.futured.es/downloads/technical-documents/strategic-vision-document-english/view

9. FUTURED, “Map of Capacities and Scientific-Technological Infrastructures”, March 2009, http://www.futured.es/downloads/technical-documents/map-of-capacities-and-scientific-technological-infrastructures/view

10. Electricity Networks Strategy Group (ENSG), “A Smart Grid Routemap”, February 2010, http://www.ensg.gov.uk/index.php?article=126

11. OASIS Energy Interoperation Version 1.0, Public Review Draft 01, November 26, 2010, http://docs.oasis-open.org/energyinterop/ei/v1.0/energyinterop-v1.0.html

12. UCAIug Home Area Network System Requirements Specification, version 2.0, August 30, 2010

13. Smart Grids and Energy Markets (SGEM) program building Finnish Smart Grid 2.0 http://www.cleen.fi/home/sites/www.cleen.fi.home/files/SGEM_Factsheet_March2011_1.pdf

14. ETSI TC M2M Terms of Reference (ToR) for Technical Committee Machine-to-Machine communications (M2M) http://portal.etsi.org/m2m/m2m_tor.asp

15. EC Mandate M/441 for smart meters, issued on 12 March 2009 http://ec.europa.eu/energy/gas_electricity/smartgrids/doc/2009_03_12_mandate_m441_en.pdf

16. EC Mandate M/468 for electric vehicles, issued on 4 June 2010 http://ec.europa.eu/energy/gas_electricity/smartgrids/doc/2010_06_04_mandate_m468_en.pdf

17. EC Mandate M/490 for Smart Grids, issued on 1 March 2011 http://ec.europa.eu/energy/gas_electricity/smartgrids/doc/2011_03_01_mandate_m490_en.pdf

http://www.smartgrids.eu/documents/SmartGrids_SDD_FINAL_APRIL2010.pdf

http://www.nist.gov/smartgrid/upload/FinalSGDoc2010019-corr010411-2.pdf

http://www.iec.ch/smartgrid/downloads/sg3_roadmap.pdf

http://www.etsi.org/WebSite/NewsandEvents/2011_SMARTGRIDWS.aspx

http://www.futured.es/

http://www.cleen.fi/home/sites/www.cleen.fi.home/files/SGEM_Factsheet_March2011_1.pdf

http://www.cleen.fi/home/sites/www.cleen.fi.home/files/SGEM_Factsheet_March2011_1.pdf

http://portal.etsi.org/m2m/m2m_tor.asp

http://ec.europa.eu/energy/gas_electricity/smartgrids/doc/2009_03_12_mandate_m441_en.pdf








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18. Deutsche Normungsroadmap "E-Energy / Smart Grid" http://www.vde.com/en/dke/InfoCenter/Pages/InfoCenter-Details.aspx?eslShopItemID=57c0fd81-98e6-4db9-9414-aa279dd218fa

19. CEN/CENELEC and ETSI JWG report on standards for smart grids – Version 1.0 (17 December 2010) produced by the Joint Working Group, for input into a formal commenting round by ESO‟s stakeholders (TCs, NCs, NSOs, etc)

20. Notes of ProSE Workshop to review the draft Standardisation Strategic Agenda November 5th 2010

21. Consumentenbond Nederland. Het wetsvoorstel “slimme meters”: een privacytoets op basis van art. 8 EVRM.

http://www.vde.com/en/dke/InfoCenter/Pages/InfoCenter-Details.aspx?eslShopItemID=57c0fd81-98e6-4db9-9414-aa279dd218fa

http://www.vde.com/en/dke/InfoCenter/Pages/InfoCenter-Details.aspx?eslShopItemID=57c0fd81-98e6-4db9-9414-aa279dd218fa

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