Adaptation Prioritization:

Criteria and Processes in the Philippines

•Philippine population has been growing, on the average, at a rate of 1.1% per year

•Translates to increase in food requirement; annual demand for rice grew at about 0.69% for the last 5 years

PHILIPPINES OVERVIEW

60.7 68.28

76.51

88.55 92.34

100 101.6

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1990 1995 2000 2007 2010 2014 2015

in m

illio

ns

Population 1990-2015

Source : PSA

Rice and Corn: Area Harvested by Crop and Year

2000000

2500000

3000000

3500000

4000000

4500000

5000000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Palay Corn

Source : PSA

CHALLENGES IN ACHIEVING FOOD SECURITY

Disaster risks and climate change or the “new normal” • Shifts in weather patterns and

extreme weather-related events • Disrupts economic activities and

livelihoods • Damages farm areas, equipment and

other assets • Affects production cycles and

level/quality of output • Ultimately, poses as an additional

threat to achieving food security

Year Typhoon Area Most Affected

Cat*

Damage & Losses to Agriculture & Fisheries (Php Billion)**

2006 STY Milenyo (Xangsane)

Luzon 5 3.89

2006 STY Reming (Durian)

Bicol 5 2.90

2008 TY Frank (Fengshen)

Visayas 3 10.78

2009 TS Ondoy (Ketsana) Luzon 3 7.00 2009 STY Peping (Parma) Luzon 4 22.48 2010 STY Juan (Megi) N. Luzon 5 7.64 2011 TY Quiel (Nalgae)

with T Pedring Luzon 4 16.33

2011 TS Sendong (Washi)

Mindanao 2 0.46

2012 STY Pablo (Bopha) Mindanao 5 29.12 2013 STY Yolanda

(Haiyan) Visayas 5 45.52

Total 146.12

Source: DA

El Niño Phenomenon

• 218 379 metric tonnes of crops lost with estimated value of USD 70.8 million*

• About 66 000 farmers affected*

• 85 percent of the country experienced

drought by the end of March 2016, including

38 provinces in Luzon, 15 provinces in the

Visayas and 15 in Mindanao.

CHALLENGES IN ACHIEVING FOOD SECURITY

Dry Condition

Dry Spell

Drought

*DA data as of 13 August 2015 Source: PAGASA

NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS: PRIORITY MEASURES

• Emphasizes adaptation a priority as a matter of national policy • Priorities reflected in the NDC:

– Institutional and system strengthening for downscaling climate change models, climate scenario-building, climate monitoring and observation;

– Roll-out of science-based climate/disaster risk and vulnerability assessment process as the basis for mainstreaming climate and disaster risks reduction in development plans, programs and projects;

– Development of climate and disaster-resilient ecosystem(s); – Enhancement of climate and disaster-resilience of key sectors –

agriculture, water and health; – Systematic transition to a climate and disaster-resilient social and

economic growth; and – Research and development on climate change, extremes and impacts

for improved risk assessment and management.

POLITICAL AND FUNDING PRIORITIES

National Climate Change Action Plan (2011-2028) Priorities

• Food Security

• Water Sufficiency

• Environmental and Ecological Stability

• Human Security

• Sustainable Energy

• Climate-Smart Industries and Services

• Knowledge Capacity and Development

People’s Survival Fund

• Adaptation activities

• Disease control and prevention

• Preparedness to climate-related hazards

• Strengthening existing adaptation initiatives

• Institutional development

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES FOR DRR

• Enhance Disaster Risk Reduction Information and Early Warning System

• Strengthen disaster risk reduction governance

• Reduce underlying risk factors and build resilience

• Prepare to respond and to build forward better

Source: National Strategic Plan of Action for DRR in Agriculture and Fisheries (2016)

• Climate Change Act

• National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act

• People’s Survival Fund

• Climate Change Commission

• National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Council

– Local DRRM Councils and Offices

LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORKS

Local Disaster Risk Reduction

and Management

Plan

Local Climate Change Action

Plan

Comprehensive Land-Use Plan

Comprehensive Development

Plan Annual

Investment Plan

Provincial Development and Physical Framework

Plan

National Budget

Climate Tagging

Bottom-up

Budget

People’s Survival Fund Local Disaster Risk Reduction and

Management Fund

National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund

CLIMATE APPROPRIATIONS (2009-2013)

Climate Appropriations have been increasing relative to Overall Government Budgets

6

•Increase shows Government willingness to increase climate action, but level of funding based on projected needs is still low. The total climate appropriations correspond to about 0.3 percent of GDP, falling below the Stern review recommendations that countries should expend at least 2 percent of GDP to implement climate action.

Clim

ate

Ap

pro

pri

atio

ns B

ase

d o

n

the

NC

CA

P C

lassific

atio

n

Climate appropriations have increased by 2.5 times in real terms and on average 26 percent annually, outpacing the growth of the national budget (around 6 percent)

Climate appropriations have increased by 2.5 times in real terms and on average 26 percent annually, outpacing the growth of the national budget (around 6 percent)

Source: Climate Change Commission (2015)

ACCESSING THE PEOPLE’S SURVIVAL FUND

PSF Proponents/Recipients

Municipal Development Fund Office

PSF Secretariat

PSF Technical Evaluation Committee

Climate Change Commission

PSF Board

Submission of Full-Blown Proposals

Project Implement-ation

Assessment of Proponent based on Eligibility and Requirement

Technical Evaluation based on set criteria

Notice on rejected applications sent back w/ explanations

Endorsement of the PSF project proposal for approval

Board Approval

Fund Disbursement

Source: Climate Change Commission (2016)

NATIONAL LA NIÑA ACTION PLAN

Identification of vulnerable areas

Ranking and prioritization of cities/ municipalities

Identification of interventions per commodity

Assessment of funds required per intervention

Identification of resource mobilization strategies

• Vulnerable • Less

Vulnerable

• Rice • Corn • High Value

Crops • Livestock

• Funded • Unfunded

• National Budget

• NDRRMF • Quick

Response Fund • PSF • Others..

• Hazard • Exposure • Adaptive

Capacity

Identified Interventions

₱- ₱200,000,000 ₱400,000,000 ₱600,000,000

Preparatory Activities

Information and Education…

Production Support

Crop Pest Management

Water Management

Provision of Chemicals

Fertilizer/ Soil Ameliorants

Damage Assessment

Machineries/ Equipment

Distribution Of Soil Testing Kits

Monitoring/ Validation/ Evaluation

Rehabilitation of Damaged…

Provision of STWs and PISOs

ESETs

Crop Insurance

Preparedness

0 50000000 100000000 150000000

Response

₱- ₱500,000,000 ₱1,000,000,000

Recovery & Rehabilition

Representation in the Philippines 29/F Yuchengco Tower, RCBC Plaza,

Makati City, 1200 Philippines

T: +63 2 9010100 loc 351-365

F: +63 2 9010362

www.fao.org/philippines