B GIO DC V O TO I HC NNG LM TP. H CH MINH KHOA CNG NGH THC PHM

BO CO RN NGHNH MY BIA VINAKENLp: DH07BQ Nin kha: 2007 2011

Danh sch nhm:1. Nguyn Phi Bng 2. L Hu D 3. Trn Phm Ha Hng 4. L Th N 5. ng Thnh Phc 6. L Cng Quc 7. ng Nhn Quyn 8. Nguyn Ngc Tin 9. Bi Th Ngc Uyn

Thng 8-2010

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LI CM NChng em xin chn thnh cm n, Ban Ch Nhim khoa Cng Ngh Thc Phm trng i Hc Nng Lm TP.HCM, cng ton th thy c truyn t nhng kin thc c bn gip chng em c hiu bit mt cch tng qut nht v dy chuyn sn xut cng nghp thc t. Xin chn thnh cm n Ban Gim c Cng Ty Bia VINAKEN cng ton th anh ch, c ch trong cng ty to iu kin v gip nhm chng em trong sut thi gian rn ngh ti y. Tp. H Ch Minh, ngy 05 thng 08 nm 2010 Nhm thc hin

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LI M Uc s ng ca Ban Ch Nhim khoa Cng Ngh Thc Phm trng i Hc Nng Lm TP.HCM, chng em c tham gia mt kha thc tp gio trnh ti nh my bia VINAKEN (x B im, huyn Hc Mn, thnh ph H Ch Minh) t ngy 05/07/2010 n ngy 18/07/2010. Trong thi gian thc tp ti nh my chng em tin hnh tm hiu: - Tng quan v nh my bia VINAKEN. - Nguyn liu v quy trnh sn xut bia: + Nguyn liu dng trong sn xut bia + Quy trnh sn xut bia. - My thit b trong qu trnh sn xut bia. Do kin thc v kinh nghim cn hn ch nn bi bo co ca chng em cn nhiu thiu st, knh mong c s nh gi, gp ca qu thy c.

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MC LCTrangLI CM N................................................................................................................. i LI M U................................................................................................................ ii MC LC.....................................................................................................................iii Trang.......................................................................................................................... iii DANH SCH CC BNG...............................................................................................vi Chng 1..................................................................................................................... 1 TNG QUAN V NH MY BIA VINAKEN......................................................................1 Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin..................................................................................4 3. C cu t chc........................................................................................................4 4. Th trng v chng loi bia....................................................................................5 5. An ton lao ng v phng chy cha chy............................................................7 Chng 2..................................................................................................................... 9 NGUYN VT LIU V QUY TRNH SN XUT...............................................................9 I. Nguyn liu dng trong sn xut bia.......................................................................9 1. Nc........................................................................................................................9 Malt...........................................................................................................................10 4. Nm men bia.........................................................................................................18 5. Th liu.................................................................................................................20 6. Cc Enzyme...........................................................................................................20 7. Cc cht ph gia...................................................................................................21 II. Quy trnh sn xut bia:..........................................................................................22 Quy trnh cng ngh..................................................................................................22 2. Thuyt minh quy trnh...........................................................................................24 2.1. Nghin malt, nghin go....................................................................................24 iii

2.2. Nu malt, nu go..............................................................................................24 2.3. Lc b thu dch ng v ra b........................................................................28 2.4. un si dch ng vi hoa houblon..................................................................29 2.5. Lng trong v lm lnh nhanh...........................................................................30 2.6. Ln men bia.......................................................................................................30 2.6.1. Nhn ging nm men......................................................................................30 2.6.2. Ln men chnh.................................................................................................31 2.6.3. Ln men ph................................................................................................... 32 2.7. Lc trong bia ..................................................................................................... 33 2.8. Bo ha CO2......................................................................................................33 2.9. Hon thin sn phm.........................................................................................34 2.9.1. Chit chai........................................................................................................ 34 2.9.2. Thanh trng v dn nhn...............................................................................34 Chng 3................................................................................................................... 35 MY THIT B TRONG QU TRNH SN XUT BIA.......................................................35 1. Thit b nghin malt..............................................................................................35 2. Thit b nghin go............................................................................................... 36 3. Ni nu..................................................................................................................38 4. Thng lc.............................................................................................................. 40 5. Thit b un si dch ng vi hoa houblon.........................................................41 6. Thng Lng WHIRL POOL......................................................................................42 7. My lc bia............................................................................................................ 43 8. Lm lnh nhanh....................................................................................................44 9. H thng ng chai trong nh my.......................................................................44 KT LUN V KIN NGH...........................................................................................45 Kt lun..................................................................................................................... 45

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Kin ngh...................................................................................................................46 TI LIU THAM KHO.................................................................................................46

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DANH SCH CC BNGTrang Bng 1:Mt s sn phm ca nh my bia Bng 2: Yu cu cht lng nc dng trong sn xut Bng 3: Thnh phn chnh ca malt i mch kh tnh theo % cht kh Bng 4 : Ch tiu c hc v l hc ca malt i mch Bng 5 : Ch tiu ha hc ca malt i mch Bng 6 : Thnh phn ha hc ca hoa houblon ci cha th phn Bng 7 : nh gi ch tiu cht lng ca hoa houblon Bng 8: Ch tiu k thut ca nm men bia. 6 10 13 14 15 16 18 20

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Chng 1TNG QUAN V NH MY BIA VINAKEN

1.

V tr ca nh my

Nh my c t ti a ch: 32/28 F, p Tin Ln - X B im - Huyn Hc Mn Thnh ph H Ch Minh, ti khu cng nghip Vnh Lc B vi din tch mt bng khong 5000 m2. Nh my nm gn quc l 1A thun tin cho vic vn chuyn hng ha, tiu th sn phm v cch xa khu dn c nn khng nh hng n sinh hot. T: (08).3 425 4519. Fax: (08).3 425 4520. Email: vinaken@hcm.fpt.vn Tr s chnh: 554 - Cng Ha - P.13 - Qun Tn Bnh thnh ph H Ch Minh T: (08).3810 4192. Fax: (08).3810 045

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Hnh 1. Mt s nhn hiu nh my bia VINAKEN

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S nh my: Cng chnh Phng bo v Nh xe

Khu vc vn phng Khu cc ket bia khng Thanh trng bia Khu chit bia chai, ng np Khu dn nhn, ng thng Xng chit bia chai pet C n g Phng KCS Xng nu bia Xng xay nghin Khu vc tng tr v chit bia hi Cng

Khu v sinh chai

C n g Khu vc tng tr bia thnh phm (bia TPF) Thit b lm H thng lnh cp lnh nhanh Khu vc Thit b ha lng xoy cht Whirlpool Thit b thu hi v np CO2 My lc trong bia canno

Kho cha nguy n liu v cc bock cha bia hi

Khu vc ln men gm nhiu tank ln men H thng Khu vc x l nc x b WC sn hm xut 3 Hnh 2. S mt bng nh my H thng x l nc thi ca nh my

L hi

Kho vt t

Lch s hnh thnh v pht trin Nh my c thnh lp vo ngy 29 thng 11 nm 2005, vi ton b cng ngh, dy chuyn v thit b sn xut bia hin i c nhp t c do k s ngi c m nhn v gim st. Th trng tiu th chnh ca nh my bia Vinaken l thnh ph H Ch Minh v cc tnh ln cn, n nay nh my Vinaken pht trin v m rng chim lnh th trng n c khu vc min Trung, t Hu tr vo c 30 nh hng v hn 1000 i l. Cc sn phm bia ca nh my Vinaken ngy cng c s tn nhim ca nhiu khch hng, khng ch thnh ph H Ch Minh m cn t cc tnh t Hu n C Mau. 3. C cu t chc

B an gi m

P h n g t i c h n h

P h n g k th u

Hnh 3. S c cu t chc nh my

K to n

Th q u 4

4. Th trng v chng loi bia a. Th trng bia Bia BIG MAN BEER v VINAKEN BEER l sn phm bia ti ni ting i vo cuc sng v chim lnh th trng cho nhng ngi snh bia ti thnh ph H Ch Minh. Loi bia ny sn xut t nguyn liu nhp khu t c v c hng dn sn xut- k thut, chuyn giao cng ngh bi chuyn gia cao cp ca c v lun c chuyn gia iu hnh t xa cho qu trnh pht trin n nh cht lng sn phm lu di. Sau mt thi gian hot ng, BIG MAN BEER pht trin v m rng chim lnh th trng n c khu vc min Trung. Mt s hot ng kinh doanh chnh ca nh my bia : Sn xut bia. Phn phi bia. Nh hng.

Hnh 4. H thng hot ng kinh doanh nh hng ca cng ty

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b. Sn phm : Bia hi, bia chai PET Vinaken, bia chai Smiler, bia chai Bigken, bia vng, bia en, bia lon Bigken. Bng 1 : Mt s sn phm ca nh my bia Tn sn phm Bia vng Bia en Bia lon Bia ti Quy cch Bock 30 lt hoc 50 lt Bock 30 lt hoc 50 lt Lon 50 lt Chai PET 0,7 lt hoc 1 lt Gi tin( ng/lt) 17000 19000 50000 4000 (Ngun t Cng ty)

Bia hi ng chai

Bia vng ng lon 5 lt

Bia chai Bigken ng chai

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Bia hi

Thng ng bia 30 lt, 50 lt cc loi Hnh 5. Sn phm ca nh my bia

5. An ton lao ng v phng chy cha chy a. An ton lao ng Cc cng nhn vn hnh my c hng dn cc thao tc v vn hnh thit b c nhiu kinh nghim v kh nng thch ng cao trong mi trng hp, lm vic tun th theo quy tc nghim ngt. Mi thng tin c ban qun l iu hnh theo ng quy nh da trn mt qu trnh nghin cu su sc v c ghi chp li mt cch cn thn thun tin cho vic kim tra v khc phc. mi my u nim yt cch vn hnh, mi s c u c cc chuyn gia x l kp thi, nhanh chng m bo tin sn xut v an ton. Cc my mc c kim tra v bo tr nh k. Cc ha cht s dng tong nh my u c dn nhn khoa hc, trnh s nhm ln khi s dng. H thng mt bng c b tr mt cch khoa hc nn gim c sc lao ng cng nh ngun nng lng ca nh my, bn cnh gim c nh hng qua li ln nhau.

b. Phng chy cha chy Cc cng nhn c hun luyn v cng tc phng chy cha chy, lun ch trng nng cao thc ca ngi cng nhn v vn ny. H thng in c b tr hp l, an ton bng h thng cu dao dng rle t ng, gim thiu ti mc ti a vic s dng la trong nh my, cc khu vc sn xut khng dng la. Bn cnh cn b tr cc bnh cha chy cc b phn sn xut.7

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Chng 2NGUYN VT LIU V QUY TRNH SN XUTI. Nguyn liu dng trong sn xut bia 1. Nc Nc l ngun nguyn liu chnh khng th thay th trong cng ngh sn xut bia (nc chim 80 - 90% trng lng bia thnh phm), nc c mt trong sut qu trnh sn xut bia. Thnh phn ha hc v cht lng ca nc nh hng trc tip n qu trnh sn xut bia v c bit nh hng rt ln n c im, tnh cht, cht lng ca bia thnh phm. Lng nc s dng trong sn xut bia rt ng k ngoi vic dng cho nu, cn dng cho cc cng on khc nh lm ngui dch ng, lm mt my lnh cung cp cho ni hi, v sinh thit b, ra chai, nh xng(Nguyn Thng Minh Tun, 2002). Cht lng ca nc c quyt nh bi cc ch tiu: cng, pH, hm lng cht rn v cc ch tiu sinh hc. Trong cc ch tiu ny, ch tiu v cng c quan tm nhiu nht v n nh hng ln n cht lng bia thnh phm. cng ca nc c quyt nh bi hm lng Ca++ v Mg++, x l cng ca nc trong sn xut bia l phi loi cc ion ra khi nc. Nc c dng trong sn xut bia phi l nc mm c t ion Ca++ v Mg++, pH cng c ngha quan trng i vi nc dng sn xut bia, nc phi c tnh kim yu t ion Na+, K+, thng thng pH tt nht t 5,8 6 (Lm Thanh Hin, 2006). Nc c s dng rt nhiu trong cng ngh sn xut bia: nc dng ngm i mch sn xut malt, nc dng nu bia, nc dng ra nm men, v sinh thit b, nh xng. Yu cu quan trng nht i vi cc loi nc ny l phi sch, khng c cha nhiu tp cht hu c v c bit khng cha vi sinh vt, NH3 v cc mui nitrit (Nguyn Th Hin, 2003). Bng 2: Yu cu cht lng nc dng trong sn xut bia9

Ch tiu Cm quan pH cng (oD)

Gii hn Trong sut, khng mu, khng mi v l 6,5 - 7 4 - 12 (t nc mm n nc cng trung bnh)

Mui cacbonat (mg/l) Mui clorua (mg/l) Hm lng CaSO4 (mg/l) Hm lng Fe2+ (mg/l) Cc mui c gc NO3- ; -NO2- (mg/l) Mui Mg (mg/l) Kh NH3 Vi sinh vt (t bo/ml) E.coli, coliform (t bo/ml)

50 70 - 150 130 - 200 30 0 100 Khng c 100 Khng c (Ngun: theo Nguyn Th Hin, 2003)

Malt Malt l thut ng dng ch sn phm c ch bin t cc loi ht ng cc (i mch, tiu mch, thc, ng) ny mm iu kin nhn to v c sy kh n m nht nh vi nhng iu kin bt buc. Trong malt i mch l nguyn liu chnh sn xut bia (Hong nh Ha, 2002). Tuy nhin Vit Nam cha trng c i mch, do phi nhp malt t nc ngoi (ch yu t chu u) nh Php, c, B, c, an Mch, Malt gi vai tr quyt nh n cht lng bia thnh phm, l ngun nguyn liu chnh cung cp cc cht ha tan cho dch ng trc khi ln men.10

i mch ging gieo trng c tn Latinh l Hordeum sativum jessen, thuc nhm thc vt c ht (Spermophyta), phn nhm b t (Angiospermae), lp mt l mm (monocotyledonae), h la m (Graminaceae). i mch c ging 2 hng hay nhiu hng nhng sn xut bia ch dng ging i mch hai hng Hordeum distichum (Hong nh Ha, 2002)

Hnh 6: Cy i mch

Hnh 7. Malt i mch Cc loi malt c bn s dng trong sn xut bia: malt pisener, malt vienna, malt munich. Cc loi malt c bit: malt la m, malt m mu, malt caramen, malt khi, malt melanoid. Thnh phn ha hc ca malt11

Malt l loi bn thnh phm rt giu cht dinh dng, cha khong 16 18% cc cht c phn t lng nh d ha tan, ch yu l cc ng n n gin, dextrin bc thp, cc acid amin, khong, cc vitamin, c bit l cc h enzyme phong ph nh protease, amylase. Cc enzyme ny s l ng lc ch yu phn tch cc hp cht cao phn t, protein v glucid trong ni nh ca ht thnh cc sn phm c phn t nh ha tan bn vng vo nc to thnh cht chit ca dung dch ng.

Bng 3: Thnh phn chnh ca malt i mch kh tnh theo % cht kh Thnh phn Tinh bt Pentozan ha tan Cellulose Saccharose ng kh Protid (m tng N = 6.25) Protid ha tan Cht bo Cht tro Hm lng (%) 58 1 6 5 4 10 3 2,5 2,5 (Ngun: theo Lm Thanh Hin, 2006)12

Vai tr ca malt trong sn xut bia: Malt cung cp ton b lng glucid (ch yu di dng tinh bt) chuyn ha thnh ng, v t ng chuyn ha thnh cn v cc cht khc. Cc loi enzyme trong malt gm c: - amylase, - amylase v amilophosphatase, phn ln chng tp trung phi mm v mt t c phn b phn di ca ni nh hoc trong mng ngn gia v tru v ni nh. Malt cha y enzyme amylase thy phn tinh bt. Nu s dng th liu nhiu th lng enzyme ny cung cp khng y v ta buc phi b sung enzyme t bn ngoi vo, ch yu l enzyme t vi sinh vt. Malt cung cp kh lng protein v c cha h enzym protease thy phn chng. Trong giai on m mm, h enzym ny c hot ha mnh m, khi chuyn sang giai on nu chng thy phn protein to thnh cc phc cht c kh nng gi CO2 tt, to v bia c trng. Bng 4: Ch tiu c hc v l hc ca malt i mch Ch tiu Mu ht malt Mi V Hnh dng Tp cht (c di) (%) Ht gy (%) Khi lng ht (g/1000 ht) Ht c bt xp (%) Dng bn thy tinh (%) Dng thy tinh (%) c im, hm lng Vng sng, ng mt Thm c trng Ngt nh To trn, u ht 0,1 0,5 28 38 >98