Why must you Why must you take this training?take this training?

Reason #1:Reason #1:

Right to KnowRight to KnowLaboratory Safety Std.Laboratory Safety Std.

Hazardous WasteHazardous WasteClean AirClean Air

Clean WaterClean Water

It’s the law.It’s the law.

There are University policies and There are University policies and procedures that you need to understand.procedures that you need to understand.

Reason #2:Reason #2:

Laboratory Security

There are also extremists who vandalize workplaces where they suspect animal research is being conducted and others who try to gain access where toxins or other hazardous materials are used.Protect your lab and your research:

• NEVER prop open any card or key access corridor doors.

•Don’t let people ‘piggy-back’ to gain access to restricted areas.

• Keep your lab doors closed and locked when unattended.

•Question strangers, and report suspicious activity to campus security.

Physical HazardsPhysical Hazards The nature of the chemical itself… how it behavesThe nature of the chemical itself… how it behaves

Health HazardsHealth Hazards How an exposure might affect youHow an exposure might affect you

Chemical Hazards

There are two general hazard classes that must be evaluated when assessing the safety of a chemical:

Chemical Hazards: Physical Hazards

Compressed GasCompressed Gas - cylinders of compressed gas are under intense pressure.

CorrosivityCorrosivity – strong acids and bases can cause visible destruction of metal at the site of contact.

FlammabilityFlammability - both solid and liquid chemicals can serve as fuel sources to support a fire. Flammability is based on flash points. The flash point of a liquid is the minimum temperature that a liquid gives off enough vapor to ignite if an ignition source such as heat, flame or spark is present.

Oxidizability – ability to give off oxygen as the compound decomposes which will help sustain combustion

ReactivityReactivity - many substances will react violently if allowed contact with air, water or other chemicals. Friction, shock, light or heat can be enough to trigger some reactions.

Gas Cylinder Safety Storage and Handling

Gas cylinders should not be stored in exits or egress routes or blocking any safety equipment such as eyewashes, safety showers or fire extinguishers.

Gas cylinders (excluding lecture bottles) should be stored in an upright position and with safety caps in place unless in use.

Use only the appropriate regulator for the gas

Gas cylinders must be secured with a chain or appropriate belt above the midpoint but below the shoulder of the cylinder. See picture.

IrritantsIrritants - cause reversible inflammation of skin, eyes or nasal passages. SensitizersSensitizers - cause allergic reaction after repeated exposures. Individual

sensitivities vary. Can cause watering or itching eyes, reddening of the skin, hives even an asthmatic attack.

CarcinogensCarcinogens - alter DNA or cause cells with altered DNA to multiply or cancer causing.

Systemic or Target Organ ToxinsSystemic or Target Organ Toxins - typically target a specific organ or system (liver, kidney, blood, nervous system, reproductive system, etc.).

Corrosives –acid, bases and some organics that can burn the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and respiratory tract. HF not your typical mineral acid. It attacks the bone.

Toxins – anything that can be poisonous to your body, toxicity is based on DOSED.

Chemical Hazards: Health Hazards

No Exposure, No ProblemWorking with or around hazardous chemicals does not necessarily mean that a person’s health will be affected.

The link between hazardous chemicals and adverse health effects lies in exposureexposure.

Routes of EntryRoad map to the body

Inhalation - Breathing it in Skin

Absorption- Ingestion- Getting it on

skin Getting it in mouth Injection

puncture, needle stick or a chemical getting into an open cut

Exposure Effects Acute

a rapid, sudden exposure the harmful effects are immediate

Chronic repeated, small exposures the harmful effects are delayed sometimes as long as 40 years

Latency Period the time between the exposure and the effect

Safety Equipment:Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) GlovesGloves - No single glove material is appropriate for all chemicals

- Choose glove with lowest permeability to the chemical you are using - Consult CHP as a guide

ClothingClothing – minimize areas of exposed skin Eye ProtectionEye Protection – If chemicals or infectious agents could be splashed

into your face, protect your eyes with glasses, goggles or a face shield.

REQUIREMENTS AT NOTRE DAME Gloves are required anytime you are handling chemicals,

biological agents,and/or radioactives. Eye protection is required anytime you are working with

chemicals, biological agents outside a Biosafety cabinet, Radioactive materials or involved with sanding or grinding operations

Goggles should be worn when working with corrosives or if a splash hazard is present.

Lab coat is required if you are working with biological or radioactive materials

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

MSDS are: Chemical specific Included in every shipment of hazardous chemicals Required to be in every work location where chemicals exist Created by chemical manufacturers NOT all created equal

You have a right to information about every chemical in your workplace, and the format created to convey this information is the Material Safety Data SheetMaterial Safety Data Sheet (MSDSMSDS).

- Identity of material (chemical name, synonyms)- Physical and chemical properties- Health hazards and “safe” exposure levels- Symptoms of exposure - Applicable routes of entry to the body- Carcinogen listing- Name, address, and emergency phone number of manufacturer- Precautions for safe handling- Control measures, PPE

MSDS Information

Finding an MSDS

Chemical manufacturers and distributors CANNOT refuse a request for an MSDS.

There are excellent on-line MSDS databases:http://www.hazard.com/msds/index.php

http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/search/AdvancedSearchPage

University of Notre Dame Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP)

Roles and Responsibilities Contains information and procedures that laboratory

personnel can use to protect themselves from the chemicals they work with

First place to look for answers to questions you might have regarding chemical or laboratory issues

Topics include:- Glove selection - Emergency Response- Chemical compatibility -Waste

Management- Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)- Pre-approval notifications

http://riskmgt.nd.edu/manuals/documents/CHP_000.pdf

Electrical Safety

Maintain all electrical equipment in proper and good working order

Routinely examine all wiring, plugs power strips and extension cords for signs of exposed wire or deteriorating insulation

No tripping or hanging hazards

Safety Equipment:Chemical Fume Hood

Airflow into the hood prevents chemicals inside from migrating out into your breathing zone.

If air velocity into the hood is impeded or slowed, the hoods ability to capture chemicals is compromised.

Factors that affect airflow:

•Bulky objects inside•Drafts•Sash Height

Emergency Response

Fires/accidents911 or 574-631-5555 from cell phone Spills 631-5037

(Risk Management and Safety) After Hours Spills 911 or 631-5555 from cell phone

State the type of emergency and the exact location of emergency – Building and Room number

If a chemical is involved spell the chemical name to the dispatcher.If you are leaving the area, give a phone number where responders

can contact you.

Biological/Chemical Exposures

Needle Sticks:Needle Sticks:

•Wash thoroughly with soap and water

•Identify source of contamination

Ocular Exposures:Ocular Exposures: Dermal Exposures:Dermal Exposures:

•Rinse at eyewash at least 15 minutes

•Hold eye open to ensure effective wash

•Rinse under water at least 15 minutes •If large area of body is involved, use safety shower to drench yourself.•Remove all contaminated clothing•Seek Medical Treatment

•If you are an employee, your supervisor must fill out an accident/exposure form

Safety Equipment:Safety Shower and Eyewash

Ask Ask yourself:yourself:

•Do I know where they are located?•Do I know how they work?•Do I know that they work?•Are they accessible?

Chemical SpillsIdentify the chemical

Assess your ability to safely contain and clean up the spill:

I CANCAN safely clean it up

I CANNOTCANNOT safely clean it up

(spill size, chemical toxicity)

Notify coworkers and vacate/secure the area

Call Risk Management at 631-5037

Use spill kit to contain and clean up the spill (MSDS helps)

Notify coworkers and secure the area

Lab Workers are responsible to clean up spill if:- It is a chemical that they work with- They have the proper personal protective equipment available- Lab size quantities

How to Use a Fire How to Use a Fire ExtinguisherExtinguisher

pull pin

aim at the base of the fire

squeeze handle

sweep from side to side

Chemical WastesIntuitively we should all understand that potentially harmful chemicals cannot be

disposed of with the regular trash…

$27,500 per violation, per day!

USEPAUSEPA has set strict regulations governing the disposal of hazardous chemicals.

Orange Biohazard Bags

Orange Biohazard Bags contain previously contaminated waste that has been decontaminated (autoclaved) by lab personnel. May be disposed of in regular trash if brown bagged.Biohazard bags cannot be used for disposal of chemicals or radioactive materials.

Chemical Waste Disposal

Label (2 things):•Words “hazardous waste or waste”•Name of chemical(s)

Container•Compatible and in good condition•Has “tight-fitting” closure

Secondary Containment•Must segregate incompatibles•One container per waste stream

Label must be on waste Label must be on waste container the moment container the moment

the first DROP of waste the first DROP of waste is put into the containeris put into the container

Generator Signs

Faculty name printed

4 Liters

Chemistry 341

Acetone 20

Methanol 40

Abbreviations and formulas NOT acceptableDo not use pencil or marker. Print must go through all 3 layers.

Person who generates waste signs form

RM&S use ONLY

Ethanol 40

Red Plastic Sharps Containers

Red (hard plastic) sharps containers contain needles, syringes, razor blades, scalpel blades, etc.Disposed of through Risk Management and Safety

All other waste…Gloves, paper, etc if not contaminated:disposed of in regular (clear) trash bags and bags are to be removed by custodians daily.

Broken Glass: if clean, should be disposed of in a puncture proof box marked “Broken Glass”.

Empty bottles must be triple rinsed, label defaced and cap removed for building services to remove them.

Shipping Hazardous Materials

Shipments of chemicals, biological agents/samples, and radioisotopes pose a hazard to everyone involved in the transportation process. For this reason there are very strict regulations regarding packaging, labeling and documenting such shipments. AT LEAST 48 business hours notification PRIOR to desired ship date IS REQUIRED

Radioactive Shipments

Biological Shipments

Chemical Shipments

Always contact Lisa Phillips in RM&S prior to attempting to ship a chemical.

Always contact Lisa Phillips in RM&S prior to shipping biological/infectious materials.

Always Andy Welding in RM&S prior to attempting to ship a radioactive material.

Emergency Phone Numbers

• Security 911 or 631- 5555 from cell phone• Risk Management & Safety 1-5037• ND Fire 1-6200