8.2_ieee 1547 and microgrids_key_epri/snl microgrid symposium

© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

IEEE 1547 and Microgrids

Tom KeySenior Technical Executive

EPRI

Baltimore, MD

August 30, 2016

2© 2016 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.

IEEE P1547 WG Meeting at National Grid

Collaboration with All Stakeholders Including Regulatory/Policy Needed


IEEE 1547 – 2003 DR shall not actively regulate the voltage

at the PCC

DR shall cease to energize if frequency >60.5Hz

Tighter abnormal V/F trip limits and clearance times

IEEE 1547a - 2014 DR may actively participate to regulate

the voltage by changes of real and reactive power

DR shall be permitted to provide modulated power output as a function of frequency

Much wider optional V & F trip limits and clearance times

Under mutual agreement between the EPS and DR operators, other static or dynamic frequency and clearing time trip settings shall be permitted.

Smart Inverters: Adjusting to the Times…

Straighforward… Unknown…

VoltageManagement

BulkSystemSupport

Comm. & Interactivity


Background on Interconnection Requirements for DER

2005

2011

FERC SGIP (Small Generator Interconnection Procedure)

IEEE 1547-2003

2003

2000California Rule 21, IEEE1547 project

Updated California Rule 21(consistent with IEEE 1547-2003)

IEEE 1547a-20142014

2015

2016

Updated California Rule 21(goes far beyond IEEE 1547a-2014)

2018IEEE 1547rev-

20xx

Revisions in IEEE 1547a-2014: Allows DER1 to support voltage

via real/reactive power Permits frequency/watt functions Optional widening of trip limits and

clearance times Dynamic trip limits now allowed

Refine in IEEE 1547rev-20xx: Ride-through Voltage Support Communication/Control Anti-islanding detection

1 distributed energy resources


We have well defined grid support functions

Remote ON/OFFPower Factor ControlVolt / varVolt / WattFrequency /WattReactive Power ControlLow/ High Voltage and Frequency Ride ThroughPower Curtailment

Go to www.epri.com and search 3002002233

IEC 61850-90-7 IEC 61850 Object Models for Photovoltaic, Storage, and Other DER inverters Draft Version 10a

http://www.epri.com/


Theory: Generation Should Have Ride-Through Capability

Source: EPRI, Common Functions for Smart Inverters, Version 3, 3002002233, Feb 2014

VoltageManagement

BulkSystemSupport



Inverter Settings are CriticalVarying Impacts Based Upon Settings Chosen

% A

vaila

ble

Vars

% voltage

Unity Power Factor

% A

vaila

ble

Vars

% voltage

100%

0.95

1.05

-100%

1.0V

% A

vaila

ble

Vars

% voltage

100%

0.99

1.01

-100%

1.0

Reac

tive

Pow

er

Active Power

Constant Power Factor (absorbing)

Volt-var 1

Volt-var 2

1

1.01

1.02

1.03

1.04

1.05

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540

PV Te

rmin

al V

olta

ge (p

u)

Time (seconds)

1

1.01

1.02

1.03

1.04

1.05

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540

PV Te

rmin

al V

olta

ge (p

u)

Time (seconds)

Unity Power Factor

Volt-var 1

Volt-var 2

Constant power factor (absorbing)

1

1.01

1.02

1.03

1.04

1.05

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540

PV Te

rmin

al V

olta

ge (p

u)

Time (seconds)

1

1.01

1.02

1.03

1.04

1.05

0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540

PV Te

rmin

al V

olta

ge (p

u)

Time (seconds)

If wrong set points are used, adverse impactscan occur

0

0.5

1

PV A

ctive

Po

wer

VoltageManagement

BulkSystemSupport



Daily Energy and Voltage Profile at one Customer

Solar Rooftop PVSolar Rooftop PV

With volt/var control

Primary Voltage

0.9

0.925

0.95

0.975

1

1.025

1.05

0 4 8 12 16 20

Hour

Vol

tage

(pu)

Baseline – No PV

20% PV20% PV with volt/var control

Customer Load Customer PV

VARs

Gen

erat

ed Capacitive

Inductive

System Voltage

V1 V2 V3V4

Q1

Q4

Q3Q2

Volt-Var Control

24 Hour Simulation


PV without Smart Inverter Control PV with Smart Inverter Control

2500 cases shownEach point = highest primary voltage

ANSI voltage limit

ANSI voltage limit

Increasing penetration (kW)

Max

imum

Fee

der V

olta

ge (p

u)

Max

imum

Fee

der V

olta

ges

(pu)

Increasing penetration (kW)

No observable violations regardless of PV size/location

Possible violations based upon PV size/location

Observable violations occur regardless of size/location

Minimum Hosting CapacityMaximum Hosting Capacity

Minimum Hosting CapacityMax Hosting Capacity

Theory: Inverter grid support makes a big difference….reality is settings are critical

VoltageManagement

BulkSystemSupport



Architecture for DER Integration

DERMS

SOLAR BATTERY PEV

MDMS OMS

Enterprise Integration

GIS Etc.

DRASDMS

DERMS = Distributed Energy Resource Management System

AD

MS

GAP Area

Maturing, Well Defined Interfaces


Summary IEEE P1547 Full Revision as of June 28, 2016

Voltage regulation – near completion Under- and Over-voltage and frequency ride through – near

completion Power Quality (harmonics, flicker, TOV) – near completion? Communication (monitoring and control) – need additional

work Interoperability – need additional work Unintentional islanding prevention – need additional work Microgrid – early stage Interconnection test requirements – early stage Simulation and modeling data requirements – early stage


Together…Shaping the Future of Electricity

Contact:

Tom Key, EPRI Knoxville, TN

865-218-8082

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


Knoxville House PV/Load: 1-Minute Data


Grid Provides Balancing without Battery – For example the Zero Energy House

8.2_ieee 1547 and microgrids_key_epri/snl microgrid symposium

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