wu präsentationsvorlage powerpointec.europa.eu/economy_finance/events/2006/workshop271106/... ·...
TRANSCRIPT
“The
futu
re o
f cor
pora
te fi
nanc
ing
in a
n in
tegr
atin
g EU
fina
ncia
l mar
ket”
Wor
ksho
p or
gani
sed
by th
e Eu
rope
an C
omm
issi
onD
irect
orat
e G
ener
al fo
r Eco
nom
ic a
nd F
inan
cial
Affa
irs
(DG
EC
FIN
), 27
Nov
embe
r 200
6
New
Evi
denc
eon
the
Fina
nce-
Gro
wth
-N
exus
in th
een
larg
edEU
Rel
evan
ceof
fina
ncia
lsys
tem
per
form
ance
and
inve
stig
atio
nof
the
finan
ce-g
row
thlin
k in
the
enla
rged
EU
Pet
er H
aiss
*E
urop
aIns
titut
, Vie
nna
Uni
vers
ity o
fE
cono
mic
s an
d B
usin
ess
Adm
inis
tratio
n
* The
opi
nion
s ex
pres
sed
are
the
auth
ors�
per
sona
l vie
ws
Res
earc
h P
roje
ct:
The
Fina
nce
-Gro
wth
-N
exus
Sup
port
gran
ted
byth
eO
eNB
Jubi
läum
sfon
ds (p
roje
ct88
68)
isgr
atef
ully
ackn
owle
dged
Team
Man
ager
: P
eter
Hai
ssP
roje
ct A
dvis
or:
Ger
hard
Fin
kTe
am m
embe
rsan
d co
llabo
rato
rs:
Joha
nnes
Bol
zano
, Dav
id B
lum
, Tim
eaE
dele
nyi,
Mar
kus
Elle
r, K
laus
Fe
derm
air,
Bet
tina
Hag
may
r, S
irma
Hris
tofo
rova
, Dag
mar
Inzi
nger
, Her
wig
K
irchn
er, H
ans-
Chr
istia
n M
antle
r, S
tefa
n M
arin
, Sin
dhu
Olim
alay
il,
And
reas
Pic
hler
, Mile
naS
taev
a, K
atha
rina
Ste
iner
, Kje
ll S
ümeg
i, U
lrike
M
oser
-Tho
rwar
tl, M
ina
von
Var
endo
rff-U
glje
sic,
Nas
tjaV
ogl,
Gor
an
Vuk
�ić,
Jen
nife
r Wei
chse
lbra
unN
EX
US
Web
Pag
e:ht
tp://
ww
w2.
wu-
wie
n.ac
.at/e
urop
ains
titut
/ef/n
exus
.htm
l
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
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ge3
Ove
rvie
w
�Res
earc
h Is
sue
/ Mot
ivat
ion
/ Con
clus
ions
�fea
ture
s of
NM
S/C
EE a
nd S
EE fi
nanc
ial m
arke
ts�F
inan
ce-G
row
th N
exus
�EU
/USA
his
toric
& m
ore
rece
nt d
ata
�CEE
/AC
(cre
dit,
bond
and
sto
ck m
arke
ts)
�the
role
of f
orei
gn b
anks
�b
ond
mar
ket s
ize
�Con
clus
ions
base
don
Hai
ss/F
ink
(200
6)
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge4
Res
earc
h Is
sue
�con
trib
utio
n of
the
finan
cial
sec
tor t
o gr
owth
?�o
f the
indi
vidu
al s
egm
ents
(cre
dit,
bond
, sto
ck)?
�in
the
New
Mem
ber S
tate
s / A
cces
sion
Cou
ntrie
s?�w
hat i
s th
e ro
le o
f for
eign
ban
ks?
Mot
ivat
ion
�im
port
ance
to E
U e
cono
my
�mix
ed e
mpi
rical
find
ings
�spe
cific
tran
sitio
n si
tuat
ion
in C
EE/S
EEN
MS/
CEE
-8 =
New
EU
Mem
berS
tate
sfr
omC
entr
al a
nd E
aste
rn E
urop
e (C
EE)
AC
-4 =
EU
Acc
essi
onC
ount
ries
(BG
, RO
, HR
, TR
)SE
E-5
= A
L, B
IH, M
C, S
CG
, CG
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
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ge5
Key
Mes
sage
s
�bo
nd m
arke
ts &
ban
k cr
edit
cont
ribut
ed to
gro
wth
in tr
ansi
tion
�fo
reig
n di
rect
inve
stm
ent i
n C
EE fi
nanc
ial s
ecto
r hel
ped
to
stab
ilize
ban
ks a
nd m
arke
ts a
nd im
prov
ed e
ffici
ency
�re
gion
al a
ppro
ache
s ad
visa
ble
to a
chie
ve c
ritic
al s
ize
of c
apita
l m
arke
ts
�ne
ed fo
r bro
aden
ing
the
finan
ce-g
row
th-n
exus
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
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ge6
Ove
rvie
w o
n Fi
nanc
ial M
arke
ts in
CEE
�su
cces
sful
ly c
onve
rged
tow
ards
a b
ank-
base
d sy
stem
�st
ruct
ural
diffe
renc
espr
evai
lcom
pare
dto
EU
-15
�low
leve
lof f
inan
cial
inte
rmed
iatio
n
�hig
h, re
tail
& F
X-dr
iven
loan
grow
th
�hig
herf
orei
gnin
volv
emen
tand
con
cent
ratio
n
�im
prov
ing
loan
stru
ctur
e(N
PL, m
atur
ity&
spr
ead)
NPL
= n
on-p
erfo
rmin
glo
ans;
FX
= fo
reig
nex
chan
ge
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge7
Ove
rvie
w o
n Fi
nanc
ial M
arke
ts
!lo
wer
finan
cial
inte
rmed
iatio
n
0%20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
160%
180%
200%
ATBEDK
FIFRDEGR
IE
ITLUNLPTESSEUKCYMTCZSKHUPL
SIEELVLTBGROHRTRALBIHMKSCG
CG T
otal
Cre
dit i
n Pe
rcen
t of G
DP
(200
4)
AC-4
aver
age
EU-1
5
aver
age
CEE-
8-av
erag
e
SEE
-5
av
erag
e
2004
in %
GDP
EU-1
5CE
E-8
AC-4
EU-2
5
total
credit
146%
48%
42%
116%
bond
s 14
6%44
%28
%12
9%sto
cks
81%
28%
20%
57%
finan
cial
inter
media
tion
373%
120%
89%
302%
bank
asse
ts*27
2%84
%71
%21
9%* e
xclu
ding
Luxe
mbo
urg
Sour
ce: A
llen,
Bar
irolo
& Ko
wal
ewsk
i (20
05);
BA-C
A (2
005a
, b);
EBR
D(2
005)
; EC
B (2
006)
; Hag
may
r/Hai
ss(2
006)
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge8
Ove
rvie
w o
n Fi
nanc
ial M
arke
ts
!(m
ostly
) im
prov
edsh
are
of n
on-p
erfo
rmin
glo
ans
0,00
%
5,00
%
10,0
0%
15,0
0%
20,0
0%
25,0
0%
ATBEDK
FIFRDEGR
IE
ITLUNLPTESSEUKCYMTCZSKHUPL
SIEELVLTBGROHRTRALBIHMKSCG
CG
Non-
Perf
orm
ing
Loan
s in
Per
cent
of T
otal
Loa
ns (E
U-15
/200
1; C
Y/M
T 20
01; C
EE/S
EE 2
004/
2005
)
EU-1
5
aver
age
CEE-
8-av
erag
e
SEE-
5
av
erag
e
AC-4
aver
age
20
04
200
5
Dat
aSo
urce
: EBR
D(2
005,
200
6); B
A-C
A (2
006b
); Br
euss
, Fin
k, H
aiss
(200
5)
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge9
Ove
rvie
w o
n fin
anci
al m
arke
ts
!hi
gher
fore
ign
shar
ein
tota
l ban
kas
sets
Dat
aS
ourc
e: E
CB
(200
5, 2
006)
; EBR
D (2
005)
; Alle
n, B
artir
olo,
Kow
alew
ski (
2005
); BA
-CA
(200
6a, b
)
0%10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
ATBEDK
FIFRDEGR
IE
ITLUNLPTESSEUKCYMTCZSKHUPL
SIEELVLTBGROHRTRALBIHMKSCG
CG
For
eign
Sha
re in
Tot
al B
ank
Asse
ts (2
004,
200
5)
AC-
3
av
erag
e
EU-1
4
aver
age
(ex
LU)
CEE-
8-av
erag
eS
EE-5
aver
age
20
04
200
5
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge10
Ove
rvie
w o
n fin
anci
al m
arke
ts
!hi
gher
bank
ing
mar
ketc
once
ntra
tion
0%10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
ATBEDK
FIFRDEGR
IE
ITLUNLPTESSEUKCYMTCZSKHUPL
SIEELVLTBGROHRTRALBIHMKSCG
CG
Sha
re o
f the
Fiv
e La
rges
t Cre
dit I
nstit
utio
ns in
Tot
al A
sset
s in
Per
cent
(CR5
, 200
4)
AC-4
aver
age
EU-1
5
aver
age
CEE
-8-
aver
age
SEE
-5
av
erag
e
Dat
aS
ourc
e: A
llen,
Bar
tirol
o, K
owal
ewsk
i (20
05);
BA-C
A (2
006a
), B
A-C
A (2
006b
); E
BR
D(2
005)
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge11
Stru
ctur
al Is
sues
!R
apid
gro
wth
of p
rivat
e se
ctor
cred
it
46
3
17
6
13
3438
3435
33
1517
38
20
14
38
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
EUR- 12
CZSK
HUPL
SIEE
LVLT
BGRO
HRTR
ALBI
HMK
SCG
-10
01020304050
Ban
k cr
edit
to th
e pr
ivat
e se
ctor
, 200
2-20
05
AC
-4
a
ve
rag
e
CE
E-8
a
ve
rag
eS
EE
-4
a
ve
rag
e
Bar
: nom
inal
gro
wth
(cum
ulat
ive,
in %
left
hand
sca
le)
Lin
e: re
al g
row
th (c
ompo
und
annu
al g
row
th ra
te) i
n %
pe
r yea
r, rig
ht h
and
scal
e
Dat
aso
urce
: Mih
alje
k(2
006)
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge12
Stru
ctur
al Is
sues
!R
etai
lloa
nsar
eth
em
ajor
gro
wth
driv
er
0,0%
10,0
%
20,0
%
30,0
%
40,0
%
50,0
%
60,0
%
CZSK
HUPL
SIEE
LVLT
BGRO
HRAL
BIH
MKSC
G
Hou
seho
ld c
redi
t in
% o
f non
-gov
ernm
ent c
redi
t(1
999.
200
4)
AC-3
aver
age
CEE-
8
aver
age
SEE-
4
av
erag
e
199
9
2004
Dat
aso
urce
: EB
RD
(200
5)
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge13
Stru
ctur
al Is
sues
Dat
aso
urce
: EB
RD
(200
5), B
A-C
A (2
005b
)
!H
igh
shar
eof
fore
ign
curr
ency
(FX)
lend
ing
0
0,1
0,2
0,3
0,4
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
ATCZ
SKHU
PLSI
EELV
LTBG
ROHR
ALBI
HMK
SCG
Fore
ign
curr
ency
loan
s in
% o
f non
-gov
ernm
ent
cred
it (1
999.
200
4, 2
005)
AC-3
a
vera
ge
CEE-
8
aver
a ge
SEE-
4
av
erag
e
200
4
2
005
199
9
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge14
!sh
ort-t
erm
loan
sin
SEE
: hig
her,
buts
hrin
king
Stru
ctur
al Is
sues
0,0%
10,0
%
20,0
%
30,0
%
40,0
%
50,0
%
60,0
%
70,0
%
CZSK
PLSI
EELV
LTBG
ROBI
HM
KSC
GM
C
Pri
vate
sec
tor
shor
t-ter
m lo
ans
in p
erce
nt o
f to
tal p
riva
te s
ecto
r lo
ans
(200
3, 2
004)
CEE
-7
aver
age
SEE-
4
av
erag
e
2003
20
04C
G
Dat
aso
urce
: BA
-CA
(200
4a, 2
005b
)
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge15
Stru
ctur
al Is
sues
Bank
ing
refo
rm a
nd in
tere
st d
iffer
entia
ls (2
004)
SCG
MC
BIH
AL
HR
RO
BG
LT
LV
EE
SI
PL
HU
SK
CZ
02468101214
2,50
3,00
3,50
4,00
4,50
EBRD
ban
king
ref
orm
inde
x
Interest Rate Spread!
Ref
orm
effo
rts
show
resu
lts
Sou
rce:
Hai
ss (2
006)
follo
win
g K
raft
(200
5)
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge16
Nex
us re
sults
for E
U-5
, USA
, JPN
, CH
�Lo
ng ra
nge
time
serie
s st
udie
s (1
951-
2001
ann
ual d
ata)
-G
rang
er c
ausa
lity
of fi
nanc
ial m
arke
ts to
gro
wth
in
sele
cted
cou
ntrie
s on
ly: U
SA
, UK
, DE
, CH
, AT
-bi
late
ral c
ausa
litie
s in
JP
N a
nd N
L-
a po
sitiv
e im
pact
of b
ank
mar
kets
on
grow
th a
t ear
lier s
tage
s of
dev
elop
men
t.
�Sh
ort r
ange
stu
dies
(qua
rter
ly d
ata)
ove
r rec
ent p
erio
ds�
in s
ome
coun
tries
Gra
nger
cau
salit
y of
eco
nom
ic g
row
th to
is
sues
of g
over
nmen
t bon
ds;
-G
rang
er c
ausa
lity
of b
ank
and
corp
orat
e bo
nds
to g
row
th-
over
all g
row
th o
f fin
anci
al in
term
edia
tion
had
eith
er n
o si
gnifi
cant
effe
ct o
n gr
owth
or i
t had
neg
ativ
ely
affe
cted
econ
omic
gro
wth
.
�no
te: b
ond
mar
kets
incl
uded
for t
he fi
rst t
ime!
Sour
ce: F
ink
/ Hai
ss /
Hris
tofo
rova
(200
5); F
ink
/ Hai
ss /
Kirc
hner
/ M
oser
-Tho
rwar
tl(2
005)
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge17
EU &
indu
stria
lized
cou
ntrie
s:
-gr
owth
of a
ggre
gate
inte
rmed
iatio
n ei
ther
no
sign
ifica
ntor
a n
egat
ive
effe
ct o
n gr
owth
-si
gnifi
cant
: cap
ital a
ccum
ulat
ion,
edu
catio
n an
d la
bor p
artic
ipat
ion
�EU
acc
essi
on c
ount
ries:
-po
sitiv
e an
d si
gnifi
cant
impa
ct o
f agg
rega
te fi
nanc
ial d
evel
opm
ent
-bo
nds
and
dom
estic
cre
dit t
urne
d ou
t as
impo
rtant
det
erm
inan
t -
stoc
k m
arke
ts a
nd p
rivat
e cr
edit
had
no s
igni
fican
t effe
cts
�EU
str
uctu
ral f
und
coun
trie
s:-
posi
tive
influ
ence
of b
ond
mar
kets
on
econ
omic
gro
wth
,-
nega
tive
impa
ct o
f dom
estic
cre
dit,
-no
sig
nific
ant e
ffect
of a
ggre
gate
fina
ncia
l int
erm
edia
tion
on g
row
th,
-po
sitiv
e im
pact
of l
evel
of e
duca
tion
and
capi
tal a
ccum
ulat
ion
* pr
oduc
tion
func
tion
appr
oach
(Man
kiw
, Rom
er, W
eil,
1992
): ph
ysic
alca
pita
lsto
ck,
labo
rpar
ticip
atio
n, h
uman
cap
ital;
adde
dcr
edit,
bon
d, s
tock
; agg
rega
tefin
anci
alse
ctor
Nex
us re
sults
forC
EE/A
C*
Sou
rce:
Fin
k / H
aiss
/ V
uksi
c(2
004,
200
5)
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge18
Inte
rpre
tatio
n of
nex
usre
sults
�C
EE /
Acc
essi
on C
ount
ries
-fin
anci
al fu
nds
chan
nele
d th
roug
h th
e co
mbi
natio
n of
pub
lic
an
d pr
ivat
e se
ctor
s se
em to
pro
vide
stro
nger
gro
wth
trig
gers
than
th
ose
chan
nele
d so
lely
thro
ugh
the
priv
ate
sect
or
-po
ssib
le o
bsta
cles
hin
derin
g pr
ivat
e cr
edit
and
stoc
k m
arke
ts to
expl
oit t
heir
full
pote
ntia
l nee
d to
be
expl
ored
furth
er
�re
sults
are
mor
e di
ffere
ntia
ted
than
Rou
ssea
u &
Wac
htel
(200
5)
-th
e w
idel
y ac
cept
ed a
ggre
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004)
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ss /
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005)
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Con
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�bo
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©Eu
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WU
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npa
ge22
Ref
eren
ces
Alle
n, F
. / B
artil
oro,
L. /
Kow
alew
ski,
O. (
2005
): Th
e Fi
nanc
ial S
yste
m o
f the
EU
25,
pap
er p
rese
nted
at
the
con
fere
nce
on E
urop
ean
Eco
nom
ic In
tegr
atio
n 20
05, V
ienn
a, O
eNB
, ht
tp://
ww
w.e
onb.
at/d
e/im
g/al
len_
barti
loro
_kow
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ski_
finan
cial
_sys
tem
_eu2
5_tc
m14
-339
81.p
dfB
A-C
A (2
004)
: Ban
king
in C
EE
, Ext
raR
epor
tXpl
icit,
Apr
il 20
04, h
ttp://
econ
omic
rese
arch
-e.b
a-ca
.com
BA
-CA
(200
5a):
Ban
king
in S
erbi
a an
d M
onte
negr
o, E
xtra
Rep
ortX
plic
it, M
ay 2
005,
BA
-CA
(200
5b):
Ban
king
in S
outh
-Eas
tern
Eur
ope
On
the
Mov
e, E
xtra
Rep
ortX
plic
it, S
ept.
2005
, B
reus
s, F
., / F
ink,
G. /
Hai
ss, P
. (20
04):
How
wel
l pre
pare
d ar
e th
e N
ew M
embe
r Sta
tes
for t
he
Eur
opea
n U
nion
, Jou
rnal
of P
olic
y M
odel
ing
26: 7
69-7
91.
Car
kovi
c, M
. / L
evin
e, R
. (20
02):
Doe
s FD
I Inv
estm
ent A
ccel
erat
e E
onom
icG
row
th?
Uni
verit
yof
M
inne
sota
Wor
king
Pap
er, h
ttp://
pape
rs.s
srn.
com
/sol
3/pa
pers
.cfm
?abs
tract
_id=
3149
24E
BR
D(2
005)
: Tra
nsiti
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t 200
5, L
ondo
nE
BR
D (2
006)
: Tra
nsiti
onR
epor
t 200
6, L
ondo
nE
CB
(200
5): E
U B
anki
ngSe
ctor
Stab
ility,
Oct
. 200
5, h
ttp://
ww
w.e
cb.in
tE
CB
(200
6): E
U B
anki
ngSe
ctor
Stab
ility,
Nov
. 200
6, h
ttp://
ww
w.e
cb.in
t
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge23
Ref
eren
ces
Elle
r, M
. / H
aiss
, P. /
Ste
iner
, K. (
2005
): Fo
reig
n D
irect
Inve
stm
ent i
n th
e Fi
nanc
ial S
ecto
r: Th
e E
ngin
e of
Gro
wth
for C
entra
l and
Eas
tern
Eur
ope?
, Eur
opeI
nstit
uteI
Wor
king
Pap
er 6
9, D
ec.
2005
,http
://fg
r.wu-
wie
n.ac
.at/i
nstit
ut/e
f/wp/
wp6
9.pd
fE
ller,
M. /
Hai
ss, P
. / S
tein
er, K
. (20
06):
Fore
ign
Dire
ct In
vest
men
t in
the
finan
cial
sec
tor a
nd c
onom
icgr
owth
in C
entra
l and
Eas
tern
Eur
ope:
The
cru
cial
role
of t
he e
ffici
ency
cha
nnel
, Em
ergi
ng M
arke
ts
Rev
iew
, doi
:10.
1016
/j.em
emar
.200
6.09
.001
, for
thco
min
gE
urop
ean
Com
mis
sion
(200
6):F
inan
cial
Inte
grat
ion
Mon
itor2
006,
ht
tp://
ec.e
urop
a.eu
/inte
rnal
_mar
ket/f
inan
ces/
fim/in
dex_
en.h
tmFi
nk, G
. / H
aiss
, P. /
Hris
tofo
rova
, S. (
2006
): C
redi
t, B
onds
and
Sto
cks
in S
even
Lar
ge E
cono
mie
s,
Eur
opeI
nstit
ute
Wor
king
Pap
er 7
0, J
anua
ry 2
006,
ht
tp://
fgr.w
u-w
ien.
ac.a
t/ins
titut
/ef/w
p/w
p70.
Fink
, G. /
Hai
ss, P
. / K
irchn
er, H
. / M
oser
-Tho
rwar
tl, U
. (2
005)
:Fin
anci
ng th
roug
h B
ond
Issu
es a
nd
the
Nex
us w
ith E
cono
mic
Gro
wth
, Eur
opeI
nstit
ute
Wor
king
Pap
er 6
8, S
ept 2
005,
http
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r.wu-
wie
n.ac
.at/i
nstit
ut/e
f/wp/
wp6
8.pd
fFi
nk, G
. / H
aiss
, P. /
Vuk
sic,
G. (
2004
): C
hang
ing
Impo
rtanc
e of
Fin
anci
al S
ecto
rs fo
r Gro
wth
from
Tr
ansi
tion
to C
ohes
ion
and
Euro
pean
Inte
grat
ion,
Eur
opeI
nstit
ute
Wor
king
Pap
er N
o. 5
8,
http
://fg
r .wu-
wie
n.ac
.at/i
nstit
ut/e
f/nex
us.h
tml
Fink
, G. /
Hai
ss, P
. / V
uksi
c, G
. (20
05):
Impo
rtanc
e of
Fin
anci
al S
ecto
rs fo
r Gro
wth
in A
cces
sion
C
ount
ries,
Pap
er p
rese
nted
at t
he E
CB
/OeN
B/C
FS-C
onfe
renc
e on
Eur
opea
n E
cono
mic
In
tegr
atio
n, N
ov. 2
005
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge24
Ref
eren
ces
Hag
may
r, B
. / H
aiss
, P.(
2006
): Fi
nanc
ial S
ecto
rDev
elop
men
tand
Eco
nom
icG
row
th �
Evid
ence
for
Sou
thea
ster
nE
urop
e, P
aper
pre
sent
ed a
t the
2nd
Wor
ksho
p on
the
Effe
cts
of O
peni
ng th
e B
anki
ng
Sec
tors
in S
outh
Eas
tern
Eur
ope
to F
orei
gn In
vest
men
ts, E
cono
mic
Pol
icy
Inst
itute
, Sof
ia, O
ct.
2006
Hai
ss, P
. (20
06):
Ban
king
Tra
nsiti
on P
rogr
ess,
For
eign
Ban
k E
ntry
and
Eco
nom
ic D
evel
opm
ent:
The
Cas
e of
Ser
bia,
Pap
er p
rese
nted
at t
he 2
nd W
orks
hop
on th
e E
ffect
s of
Ope
ning
the
Ban
king
S
ecto
rs in
Sou
th E
aste
rn E
urop
e to
For
eign
Inve
stm
ents
, Eco
nom
icP
olic
y In
stitu
te, S
ofia
, Oct
. 20
06H
aiss
, P. /
Fin
k, G
. (2
006)
: The
Fina
nce-
Gro
wth
-Nex
usR
evis
ited:
New
Evi
denc
ean
d th
eN
eed
for
Bro
aden
ing
the
App
roac
h, E
urop
eIns
titut
eW
orki
ngPa
per N
o. 7
3, A
ug. 2
006,
http
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ww
2.w
u-w
ien.
ac.a
t/eur
opai
nstit
ut/e
f/nex
us.h
tml
Hai
ss, P
. / M
arin
, S. (
2005
): O
ptio
ns fo
r dev
elop
ing
Bon
d M
arke
ts �
Less
ons
from
Asi
a fo
r Cen
tral a
nd
Eas
tern
Eur
ope,
Eur
opeI
nstit
ute
Wor
king
Pap
er 6
3, h
ttp://
fgr.w
u-w
ien.
ac.a
t/ins
titut
/ef/w
p/w
p63.
Jian
g, G
. / M
cCau
ley,
R. (
2004
): A
sian
loca
l cur
renc
y bo
nd m
arke
ts, B
IS Q
uarte
rly R
evie
w, J
une:
67-
79, h
ttp://
ww
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is.o
rg/p
ubl/q
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0406
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Kra
ft, E
. (20
05):
Ban
king
Ref
orm
in S
outh
east
Eur
ope:
Acc
ompl
ishm
ents
and
Cha
lleng
es´,
in
Lieb
sche
r, K
., C
hris
tl, J
., M
oosl
echn
er, P
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itzbe
rger
-Grü
nwal
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s.):
Eur
opea
n E
cono
mic
In
tegr
atio
n an
d S
outh
-Eas
t Eur
ope,
Edw
ard
Elg
ar, C
helte
nham
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©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge25
Ref
eren
ces
Kin
g, R
. / L
evin
e, R
. (1
993)
: Fin
ance
and
Gro
wth
: Sch
umpe
ter M
ight
Be
Rig
ht, Q
uarte
rly J
ourn
al o
f E
cono
mic
s, 1
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Levi
ne, R
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Fina
ncia
l Dev
elop
men
t and
Gro
wth
. Vie
ws
and
Age
nda,
Jou
rnal
of E
cono
mic
Li
tera
ture
35,
Jun
e 19
97: 6
88-7
26.
Levi
ne, R
. (20
05):
Fina
nce
and
Gro
wth
: The
ory
and
Evi
denc
e, in
Agh
ion,
P. /
Dur
lauf
, S. (
eds.
): H
andb
ook
of E
cono
mic
Gro
wth
, Vol
. 1A
, Els
evie
r, A
mst
erda
m: 8
65-9
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anki
w, G
., R
omer
, D. a
nd W
eil,
D. (
1992
): A
Con
tribu
tion
to th
e E
mpi
rics
of E
cono
mic
Gro
wth
, Q
uarte
rly J
ourn
al o
f Eco
nom
ics,
107
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407-
437
Mih
alje
k, D
. (20
06):
Rap
id G
row
th o
f Ban
k C
redi
t in
Cen
tral a
nd E
aste
rn E
urop
e: th
e R
ole
of H
ousi
ng
Mar
kets
and
For
eign
-Ow
ned
Ban
ks, P
aper
pre
sent
ed a
t the
12t
hD
ubro
vnik
Eco
nom
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onfe
renc
e,
HN
B, J
uly
2006
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ww
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.hr
Raj
an, R
. (20
05):
Has
Fin
anci
al D
evel
opm
ent M
ade
the
Wor
ld R
iski
er?
NB
ER
Wor
king
Pap
er N
o.
W11
728,
http
://pa
pers
.ssr
n.co
m/s
ol3/
pape
rs.c
fm?a
bstra
ct_i
d=84
2464
Rou
ssea
u, P
. / W
acht
el, P
. (20
05):
Eco
nom
ic G
row
th a
nd F
inan
cial
Dep
th: I
s th
ere
latio
nshi
p ex
tinct
al
read
y? P
aper
pre
sent
ed a
t the
UN
U /
WID
ER
Con
fere
nce
on F
inan
cial
Sec
tor D
evel
opm
ent f
or
Gro
wth
and
Pov
erty
Red
uctio
n, J
uly,
Hel
sink
iW
acht
el, P
. (20
01):
Gro
wth
and
Fin
ance
: Wha
t Do
We
Kno
w a
nd H
ow D
o W
e K
now
It?,
Inte
rnat
iona
l Fin
ance
4(3
),33
5-36
2.
©Eu
ropa
inst
itut,
WU
-Wie
npa
ge26
Con
tact ht
tp://
ww
w2.
wu-
wie
n.ac
.at/e
urop
ains
titut
/ef/n
exus
.htm
l
Pete
r R. H
aiss
w
ith s
uppo
rt o
f Ger
hard
Fin
k &
the
Fina
nce-
Gro
wth
-Nex
us T
eam
Vi
enna
Uni
vers
ity o
f Eco
nom
ics
and
Bus
ines
s A
dmin
istr
atio
npe
ter.h
aiss
@w
u-w
ien.
ac.a
t