Welcome to our class!

By YanCuiping

Grammar and usage

Unit3

Unreal conditionals

1.If it were not cold today, I would not wear so many clothes.

2.If you had been late for school, your teacher would have criticized you.

3.If you did not go to school tomorrow, I would invite you to play tennis.

Unreal conditionals state a condition or situation that is

Unreal conditionals

not real or isimaginary

if 引导的虚拟条件句

If 引导的虚拟条件句常可分为三种情况 :

② 与过去事实相反。 （过去虚拟）

① 与现在事实相反。 （现在虚拟）

③ 与将来事实可能相反。（将来虚拟）

1) If I got the information today, I would let you know.

现在

1. 表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：

条件从句 主句

did （ be 动词一般用 were ） would (should ,could, might ) + do

3) If I had the chance now, I might want to be a translator.

2) if I were a bit taller , I could reach the book

1.If I ____you , I wouldn’t return the call.

A. be B. am C. was D. were

Test yourselfTest yourself

DD

2.If I had time now,_____ see that new movie at the University Theatre.

A.I`ll B. I shall C. I may D. I would

D

If I were a bird, I would fly freely.

如果我是一只鸟，我将自由飞翔．

2. If you had joined the chat room ten minutes ago, you would have known what we were talking about.

2. 表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词的主要 形式如下 :

条件从句 主句

had + donewould (might / could /sh

ould ) + have done

•If we had got enough money yestady, we would have bought the car.

过去

TEST YOURSELFTEST YOURSELFEX1. If I ______more time, I would have gone with you.

A. had B. had had C. Have had D. would have

EX2. If I had known that, I _______ so .

A. wouldn’t do B. wouldn’t have done

C. Won’t do D. have not done

B

B

If I had not eaten so much watermelon

just now, I would not have felt so bad.

如果刚才我没吃这么多西瓜，我就不会觉得这么难受．（ feel so bad ）

• 3.If I had time tomorrow, I would certainly help you .

3. 表示与将来事实可能相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下：

条件从句 主句didshould dowere to do

Would(could/migt/should) + do

•If he should come tomorrow,I would talk to him about it.•If I were to fail my Maths test, I would have to take it again at the end of the term.

将来

1. If it________ tomorrow, what would we do?

A. rains B. were to rain

C. would rain D. rain

2. If it should rain, I _______go there tomorrow.

A. will B. would not

C. won’t D. would not have

Test yourself Test yourself

B

B

如果某一天我有足够的钱，我将周游世界． (travel around the world)

If I had enough money some day, I would travel around the world.

if 从句谓语 主句谓语

与现在情况相反时与过去情况相反时

与将来事实可能相反时

had doneWoul/could/might/should have done

did

(be 用 were)

would/could/might/should do

1) did2)should do3) were to do

would/could/might/should do

Practice！

a. If they ____ (be) here now, they

__________ (take) your advice.

were

would take

PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.

b. If I ____ (be) in your position now, I

_________ (ask) for teacher’s help.

were

would ask

a. If Tom ________ (be) more careful

in the exam, he ________________

(pass) it already.

b. If you _______ (get) up earlier, you

________________ (catch) the first

train.

had been

would have passed

had got

would have caught

PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks.

a. If there ________ (be) no natural

resource in the future, we

___________ (make) use of nuclear

power .

b. What ____________ (happen) if you

____________ (get up) too late

tomorrow?

should be

would make

would happen

should get up

PRACTICE 3: Fill in the blanks

假如他来了 , 我们对他说什么呢？

If he were to come, what would we say to him.

假如昨天他开车更小心一点的话 , 他就不会有那起交通事故 .

If he had driven more carefully,he would not have

had the car accident yesterday.

假如他现在在这儿，我们就可以问他了．

if he were here now, we could ask him.

Translation

倒装的 If 虚拟句

在虚拟条件句中，若有动词 were, should 或 had （ + 过去分词），可以省略 if, 且把这三个词放在主语之前，变成倒装句。 1.If I were a bird, I would fly freely .=Were I a bird, I would fly freely .2.If he should come tomorrow, I would giv

e it to him.Should he come tomorrow, I would give it to him.

3. If he had come yesterday, you would have seen him.Had he come yesterday, you would have seen him.

=Were it to snow, I would not go.

•2.If they hadhad mademade preparations, they wouldwould hhaveave succeededsucceeded.

1.If it were to snow, I would not go.

3. If I shouldshould meetmeet her, I wouldwould telltell her.=shouldshould I meetmeet her, I would tell her.

= HadHad they made preparations, they would have succeeded.

Change the order of the following sentences.

Change the following sentences into their normal order.

1.Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go outing.

=If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go outing.2.Had you come earlier, you would have met my sister.=If you had come earlier, you would have met my sister.3.Were you to take the train, you would be there much sooner.

=If you were to take the train, you would be there much sooner.

1. ______ today, he would get there by Friday.

A. Was he leaving

B. If he leaves

C. Were he to leave

D. If he is leaving

2. The business is risky. But _______ , we would be rich.

A. should we succeed

B. we should succeed

C. might we succeed

D. would we succeed

3. What would have happened, ________, as far as the river bank?

A. Bob had walked farther

B. if Bob should walk farther

C. had Bob walked farther

D. if Bob walked farther

Translate these sentences at least in two ways.

1. 如果我是一个医生，我将毫不犹豫地挽救她的生命

2. 如果你昨天去听音乐会的话， 你将会遇到

她了。 3. 如果明天下雨的话，会议将会推迟。

• If I were a doctor, I would save her life without hesitation.

Were I a doctor, I would save her life without hesitation.

1. 如果我是一个医生，我将毫不犹豫地挽救她的生命

2. 如果你昨天去听音乐会的话， 你将会遇到

她了。 • If you had gone to the concert

yesterday, you would have met her.

Had you gone to the concert yesterday, you would have met her.

3. 如果明天下雨的话，会议将会推迟。

If it were to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.

Were it to rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.

could have done 与 if从句连用

We can also use could +have donewith the if-clause for

E.g. If I could have told you about

cultural difference Between Italy and the UK, I would have.

unreal conditionals.

If I ________ you, I would have.

A.can help

B.should help

C.have helped

D.could have helped

D

Practice！

Read the instructions and the articles on page 41 and underline the sentences which use unreal conditionals.

In my youth,if I could have traveled to another country, I would have, but I had to work, as our family was very poor and needed another wage. That meant I could not finish my education. Ma Li, education is very important. A good education will help you succeed. Should you get into university in the future, you would have to go and take the opportunity. This will enable you to get a good job. Had I had the chance,

I would have really enjoyed it. I think I would have studied Medicine. If you should get the chance to go overseas, then you should take it. I think it is very important to try to understand as much about the world as possible and travel helps you to do that. Hopefully you might become a successful business person or a consultant some day. Were you to do that, you would certainly have our approval and we would all be very proud of you. I am an old

man now, but I still have an ambition to travel to Beijing one day. Should I get to Beijing, I would visit the Forbidden City where the emperors once lived. But I wonder, Ma Li, had I had more opportunities when I was growing up, would I have been as happy as I am now?

Magic Brush

Magic Stick

Discussion:

1.What would you do if you had a magic brush/stick now?

3.What would you do if you were to have a magic brush/stick in future?

2.What would you have done if you had had a magic brush/stick when you were a child?

１．虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood

时间 条件从句 if 主句

过去

现在

将来

had donewould/should/could/

might have done

did/were would/should/could/

might do1.should do

2.were to do

3.did

２．在虚拟条件句中，若有动词 were, should 或 had （ + 过去分词），可以省略 if, 且把这三个词放在主语之前，变成倒装句。

• ３． We can also use:

for unreal conditionals.

could + the present perfect with the if-clause

Homework

Finish Parts C1 and C2on Page 118 in Workbook.