Water Safety Plans & Catchment Management

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WHAT IS A WSP?

A way to ensure safe drinking-water by:

Knowing the system thoroughly

Identifying where and how problems could arise

Multibarrier approach - Putting barriers and management systems in place to stop the problems before they happen

Making sure all parts of the system work properly

A comprehensive risk assessment and risk management approach that encompasses all steps in water supply from catchment to consumer

Fits within a framework for safe drinking-water

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FOCUS IS ON WATER SUPPLIER

RegulatorsRegional or local

Government

National Government

Health

Local builders, plumbers & water fittings suppliers

Water supplier

National associations dealing with builders, plumbers, retailers & manufacturers

Catchment managers

National/regional water associations

CONSUMERS

Catchment Users

Raw water catchment

Community & consumer groups

OVERVIEW OF WATER SAFETY PLANS

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Assemble team(Module 1)

Develop supporting programmes (Module 9)

Plan & carry out periodic WSP review (Module 10)

Verify the effectiveness of the WSP (Module 7)

Develop, implement & maintain an improvement plan (Module 5)

Determine & validate control measures, reassess & prioritize risks (Module 4)

Identify the hazards & assess the risks (Module 3)

Revise WSP following incident (Module 11)

Describe the water supply system (Module 2)

Define monitoring of control measures (Module 6)

inci

dent

Feedback

Management & communication

Monitoring

System assessment

Prepare management procedures (Module 8)

Preparation

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WSPS AND CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT

Part of WSP process is identifying hazards and assessing risk

Identify all hazardous events that could contaminate,

compromise or interrupt supply

Identify all potential hazards in supply chain (from source to tap)

Evaluate the risks associated with each hazard/hazardous event

Examples- Heavy rainfall (hazardous event) may promote the introduction of

microbial pathogens (hazards) into the source water

- Flooding can result in damaged infrastructure

- Drought can compromise water supply and water quality

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EMPHASIS ON TREATMENT FOR WATER QUALITY

Catchment Treatment Distribution Consumers

Cost

Barriers / Control Measures

Water utilities range of control

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BETTER CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT

Catchment management improves water supply downstream (quantity and quality)

Increase source water quality – OR – ensure source water

quality does not deteriorate

Decrease intensity of treatment processes – reduce costs

(chemicals, energ)

Decrease the necessity to seek new water resources (time and

money)

Decrease water quality variance – more predictable quality

Understanding flood and drought hazards enables better planning for infrastructure investment (e.g. storage and networks), risk mitigation measures (e.g. urban storage and drainage)

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LINKING CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT AND WSP

Identify key catchment stakeholders

Map and characterise catchments

Identify hazards and hazardous activities

Assess risks which could compromise treated water

quality

Implement risk based raw water monitoring

Develop catchment warning and response

procedures

Promote catchment risk mitigate measures

Verify effectiveness of catchment controls

Assess need for improved treatment to reduce risk

Balance between need for enhanced treatment and likely effectiveness of catchment controls

Develop catchment partnerships

Flood and drought information is needed

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CATCHMENT PARTNERSHIPS

Water Associations

Water Associations

Water Associations

Water Supplier

Catchment ‘users’

Catchment managers

Policy and Legislation

Local implementation

Catchment Level

National / regional level

Development of tools to incorporate impacts of climatic variability and change, in particular floods and drought, into basin planning processes

PROJECT RATIONALE

Climatic variability and change is increasing in the form of more frequent, severe and less predictable floods and droughts

Growing sense of urgency among countries, basin organizations and other end users such as utilities to build resilience towards floods and droughts

Risks related to hydrologic uncertainty is magnified in transboundary contexts, where cooperation among countries is essential to any coping strategy.

PROJECT BACKGROUND

• Initiated by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) secretariat and UNEP to look at methodologies for addressing extreme weather events

• Partners – IWA, DHI and UNEP• DHI – expertise on development of tools for water managemnet

• IWA – engaging with key end users (especially utilities) to develop and test methodology

• GEF needs to develop a tool to better address floods and drought issues in its portfolio• more than 50 IWRM-related projects in 30 lake and river basins

throughout the world.

• GEF projects have shown flood and droughts to be a priority transboundary concern, along with the other multiple drivers that cause depletion and degradation

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Project Goal

The project aims at contributing to the global efforts being made to maintain acceptable levels of societal and ecosystem sustainability vis-a-vis growing climatic uncertainty and unpredictability.

Project Objective

Improve the ability of land, water and urban area managers operating in transboundary river basins to recognize and address, as part of the TDA-SAP, IWRM plans and water safety plans processes, the implications of the increased frequency, magnitude and unpredictability of flood and drought events

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OVERALL PROJECT DESIGN

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PROJECT OUTPUTS

Developing a generic methodology for basins, which uses tools and decision support systems that integrate information on floods and droughts to: - Transboundary Diagnostic Analyses

and Strategic Action Plans

- IWRM and Water safety plans.

Based on an assessment of present approaches, and developed through consultation with stakeholders

Combination of learning and pilot transboundary basin

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BASINS

Pilot Basins – Direct testing of generic methodology to incorporate floods and droughts into planning

Lake Victoria, Volta, Chao Phraya

Learning Basins – Consultations to understand how DSS are being applied and used in planning and what can be improved

Danube- Identify main water management issues and use these as a

starting point for discussion- Opportunity to take stock of how the basin is managing flood

events, what are the gaps and what can be developed in the future

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Basin GEF Transboundary institution

Location Nos. of countries in basin

Flood and drought impacts

Major urban area

Existing water safety plans

Volta 2006 - date

Volta Basin Authority

West Africa

6 Serious – irregular flooding and drought

Ouagadougou

Under development

Chao Praya

Not earlier

None South East Asia

1 Extremely serious

Bangkok Under development

Lake Victoria

1997 - date

Lake Victoria Basin Commission

East Africa

5 Serious Kampala, Mwanza and Kisumu

Yes

WHAT IS THE “METHODOLOGY”?

Most advanced commercially available Decision Support Systems (DSS) combine databases, models, GIS and web technologies with configurable decision logics.

Information is processed in such a way to produce various scenarios to make informed decisions

Project will develop open access modules to allow the integration of flood and drought elements and of likely climatic scenarios into more commonly used DSSs, and apply them to IWRM planning, to the TDA process, and to WSPs.

STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT

Emphasis is to be placed on the management of floods and droughts affecting urban and industrial areas that are the centers of economic growth, assets and wealth creation.- Links with utilities and WSPs that incorporate

catchment management- WSP will complement wider basin planning and

provide in depth engagement with end users - Provides opportunity for awareness raising on river

basin management benefits at local level (urban and industrial)

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DISCUSSIONRisks and Hazards

What specific risks and hazards around floods and droughts, have you encountered which you would like to include in planning processes?

What kind of information do you currently gather around floods and droughts (quantitative and qualitative) in the TDA/SAP process?

Decision support systems

What type of decision support tools (especially for floods and droughts) are you familiar with? How are using them?

What type of outputs do you use or are you looking for from a DSS which focuses on floods and droughts? How would use information from a DSS in a TDA process and planning?

Stakeholder engagement

How do you engage with other stakeholders at local level (e.g industries, utilities, etc)?