life safety plans : fire-resistance ratings

L i f e S a f e t y P l a n s

Fire - Resistance RatingsFLAD TECHNICAL TRAINING (02.02.2017)

Presentation OUTLINE• WHAT … are Fire-Resistance Ratings ?

• WHY … do we identify FRRs ?

• WHO … should identify FRRs ?

• WHEN … should we identify FRRs ?

• HOW … should we identify FRRs ?

• LSP Focus : FRR Identification

02 . 02 . 2017 FLAD TECHNICAL TRAINING : LSP - FRR 2

WHAT … are Fire-Resistance Ratings ?


WHY … classify Types of Construction?


WHY … classify Types of Construction?Account for the response or participation (TIME) that a building’s structure will have in a fire

condition originating within the building as a result of its occupancy or fuel load.


WHY … classify Types of Construction?


HOW … do we determine FRR?


HOW … do we determine FRR?UL 263 : Standard for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials

Fire tests applicable to different assemblies.

Classifications intended to register performance during the period of fire exposure.

Evaluate the length of time that the types of assemblies specified in will contain a fire or retain their structural integrity, or both, dependent upon the type of assembly involved, during a predetermined test exposure.

Any variation from the construction or conditions that are tested such as size, method of assembly, and materials, may substantially change the performance characteristics of the assembly.


HOW … do we determine FRR?Select

◦ Group of Construction

◦ Wall and Partition : U, V, W

◦ Type of Protection - Membrane Protection

◦ Metal Stud, Gypsum Board, Lath and/or Plaster




UL Product Spec : http://productspec.ul.com/index.php?type=firerated&form=full

Flad Standard Partition Types - Mtl StudsType A (GWB + Stud + GWB) : 1-Hr

◦ A3K, A4K, A6K = UL U465

◦ A2L = UL U415

◦ A3L, A4L, A6L = UL U465

Type B (2xGWB + Stud + 2xGWB) : 2-Hrs◦ B1M, B2M, B3M, B4M, B6M = UL U419

◦ B1N, B2N, B3N, B4N, B6N = UL U419

Type E (2xGWB + Stud + GWB) : 1-Hr◦ E3K, B4K, B6K = UL U465

◦ E2E = UL U419

◦ E3L, E4L, E6L = UL U465

Type G (GWB + Stud + Chase + Stud + GWB) : 1-Hr◦ G1K, G2K, G3K = UL U420

◦ G1L, G2L, G3L = UL U420


Flad Standard Partition Types - Mtl StudType E (2xGWB + Stud + GWB) : 1-Hr

◦ E2E = UL U419


Flad Standard Partition Types - Mtl StudsType J (GWB + C-Stud + Liner Panel) : 1-Hr

◦ J2K, J4K, J6K = UL U415

◦ J2L, J4L, J6L = UL U415

Type K (2xGWB + C-Stud + Liner Panel) : 2-Hrs

◦ K2M, K4M, K6M = UL U415

◦ K2N, K4N, K6N = UL U415

Type L (3xGWB + C-Stud + Liner Panel) : 3-Hrs

◦ L2P, L4P, L6P = UL U415

◦ L2Q, L4Q, L6Q = UL U415


Flad Standard Partition Types - CMUType M (Masonry Walls) : 1-Hr

◦ M6K, M8K, M10K, M12K = UL U906

Type M (Masonry Walls) : 2-Hrs

◦ M6M, M8M, M10M, M12M = UL U906

Type M (Masonry Walls) : 3-Hrs

◦ M8P, M10P, M12P = UL U906


WHY … do we identify FRRs ?


WHY … do we identify FRRs ?FRR Assemblies

◦ 706 Fire Walls

◦ 707 Fire Barriers

◦ 708 Fire Partitions

◦ 709 Smoke Barriers

◦ 710 Smoke Partitions

◦ 711 Horiz Assemblies

◦ 713 Shaft Enclosures

Related Issues◦ 712 Vertical Openings

◦ 714 Penetrations

◦ 715 F-R Joint Systems

◦ 716 Opng Protectives

◦ 717 Ducts/Air Opngs

Abbreviations

◦ FW : Fire Walls

◦ FB : Fire Barriers

◦ FP : Fire Partitions

◦ SB : Smoke Barriers

◦ SP : Smoke Partitions

◦ SE : Shaft Enclosures

◦ FSB : FB/SB Combo

◦ HA : Horizontal Assemblies

◦ EW : Exterior Walls


Fire-Resistance Ratings

◦ 0 : 0-Hours

◦ 0.3 : 1/3-Hour

◦ 0.5 : 1/2-Hour

◦ 1 : 1-Hour

◦ 2 : 2-Hours

◦ 3 : 3-Hours

◦ 4 : 4-Hours

Examples : 2-Hr Fire Barrier = 2FB … 2-Hr Fire Barrier + 1-Hr Smoke Barrier = 2FSB

WHY … do we identify FRRs ?FRR Assemblies

◦ 706 Fire Walls

◦ 707 Fire Barriers

◦ 708 Fire Partitions

◦ 709 Smoke Barriers

◦ 710 Smoke Partitions

◦ 711 Horiz Assemblies

◦ 713 Shaft Enclosures

◦ Definition (Ch 2)

◦ General (Function) … Exceptions

◦ Structural Stability

◦ Materials … Exceptions

◦ Fire-Resistance Rating … Exceptions

◦ Exterior Walls

◦ Continuity … Exceptions

◦ Supporting Construction … Exceptions

◦ Openings … Exceptions

◦ Penetrations

◦ Joints

◦ Duct/Air Transfer Openings


◦ Fire Walls ONLY

◦ Horizontal Continuity … Exceptions

◦ Horiz Proj Elements … Exceptions

◦ Vertical Continuity … Exceptions

◦ Stepped Buildings … Exceptions

◦ Sloped Roofs

◦ Combustible Framing

WHY … do we identify FRRs ?What is the difference between a “Chase” and a “Shaft”?


WHY … do we identify FRRs ?A “Shaft” provides the protection Vertical Openings require.


WHY … do we identify FRRs ?(16) Types of Vertical Openings :


WHY … do we identify FRRs ?“Opening Fire Protection” requirements are different based on the Type of Assembly.


WHY … do we identify FRRs ?FW : Fire Walls

FB : Fire Barriers

FP : Fire Partitions


Fire Dampers

Smoke Dampers

Fire/Smoke Dampers

SB : Smoke Barriers

SP : Smoke Partitions

SE : Shaft Enclosures

FSB : FB/SB Combo

HA : Horiz Assemblies

HE : Horiz Exits

EW : Exterior Walls

WHY … do we identify FRRs ?


WHO … should identify FRRs ?


WHO … should identify FRRs ?Architecture

◦ FW (Fire Walls) : Separate Buildings, Separated Occupancies

◦ FB (Fire Barriers) :

◦ Interior Exit Stair/Ramp, Exit Passageway, Horizontal Exit, Exit Access Stair/Ramp

◦ Control Areas

◦ Shaft Enclosures

◦ Fire Areas

◦ Atriums

◦ Separated Occupancies

◦ FP (Fire Partitions) : Dwelling/Sleeping Units, Tenant Spaces in Malls, Corridor Walls, Elevator Lobby

◦ SB (Smoke Barriers) : Smoke Compartments (I-2/Healthcare)

◦ SP (Smoke Partitions) : Corridors & Care Suites (I-2/Healthcare)

◦ EW (Exterior Walls) : Fire Separation Distance

◦ FB (Fire Barriers) or FP (Fire Partitions) : Incidental Uses


WHO … should identify FRRs ?Architecture



WHO … should identify FRRs ?Civil

◦ FW (Fire Walls) : Party Wall (Interior lot line between (2) adjacent buildings)

◦ EW (Exterior Walls) : Fire Separation Distance

Structural

◦ FW (Fire Walls) : Require structural stability

◦ FB (Fire Barriers) : Shaft Enclosure (e.g. Slab Openings)

Mechanical/Plumbing/Electrical

◦ FB (Fire Barriers)

◦ Shaft Enclosures (e.g. Slab Openings)



WHO … should identify FRRs ?Mechanical/Plumbing/Electrical



WHEN … should we identify FRRs ?


WHEN … should we identify FRRs ?SD (Schematic Design)

◦ Type of Construction : IA, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB, IV, VA, VB

◦ WHY?

◦ FBs for Interior Exit Stairways (IES) & SEs for Vertical Openings (VO) must have the same FRR as the Floor Construction’s FRR

Examples◦ Type IA or Type IB = 2-Hour Floor Construction

◦ ALL IES or Shafts = 2FBs (IES) and 2SEs (VO)

◦ Type IIA or Type IIIA or Type VB = 1-Hour Floor Construction

◦ IES or Shafts connect 3 stories or Less = 1FBs (IES) and 1SEs (VO)

◦ IES or Shafts connect 4 stories or More = 2FBs (IES) and 2SEs (VO)

◦ Type IB or Type IIIB or Type VB = 0-Hour Floor Construction

◦ IES or Shafts connect 3 stories or Less = 1FBs (IES) and 1SEs (VO)

◦ IES or Shafts connect 4 stories or More = 2FBs (IES) and 2SEs (VO)


WHEN … should we identify FRRs ?“Supporting Construction” for FBs (Fire Barriers)


WHEN … should we identify FRRs ?“Supporting Construction” for FPs (Fire Partitions)


WHEN … should we identify FRRs ?“Supporting Construction” for SBs (Smoke Barriers)


WHEN … should we identify FRRs ?“Supporting Construction” for HAs (Horizontal Assemblies)


WHEN … should we identify FRRs ?DD (Design Development)

◦ Use and Occupancy

◦ FRR Assemblies (FW, FB, FP, SB, SP, SE, HA, EW)

◦ Vertical Openings (Shafts, 2-Story Openings, Atriums, Exit Access Stairways, etc.)

◦ Means of Egress (Interior Exits Stairways vs Interior Exit Access Stairways)

◦ Incidental Uses (Hazardous Areas)

◦ Special Conditions

◦ Control Areas

◦ Healthcare- related

◦ Smoke Compartments

◦ Corridors - Smoke Resistant

◦ Suites


HOW … should we identify FRRs ?


LSP Focus

FRR IDENTIFICATION


Step 1 : Project Data1. Regulatory

1. AHJ

2. Codes/Standards

2. Project Scope

1. New Construction (NC)

2. Addition to Existing (AD)

3. Renovation to Existing

1. Alteration Level 1 (A1)



4. Change of Occupancy (CO)

3. Use and Occupancy Classification

1. Occupancy(s) - Main

1. Separated Occupancies

1. Required Separation of Occupancies

2. Non-Separated (Mixed)

3. Separated & Non-Separated

2. Accessory Occupancies

3. Incidental Uses

4. Special Provisions

5. Special Occupancies


Step 1 : Project Data4. Building Data

1. Number of Stories

2. Fire Protection Systems

1. Automatic Sprinkler System : < Fully > < Limited >

5. Construction Classification

1. Construction Type

1. Building Elements FRR (Hours)

2. Exterior Wall FRR (per FSD)

6. Fire-Resistance Ratings

1. Corridor Enclosure FRR (Hours)

2. Interior Exit Stairway (IES)

1. < ## > < Connecting 3 or Less Stories >

2. < ## > < Connecting 4 or More Stories >

3. Occupancy Separations

4. Vertical Openings (VO)

1. < ## > < Connecting 3 or Less Stories >

2. < ## > < Connecting 4 or More Stories >


Step 1 : Hospital Project



Story 01 STEP 1 : Project Data


Story 02 STEP 1 : Project Data

Step 1 : Project Data (Hospital)1. Regulatory

1. AHJ : State Health Department

2. Codes/Standards : 2015 IBC + 2012 LSC

2. Project Scope1. New Construction (NC)

3. Use and Occupancy Classification1. Occupancy(s) - Main

1. Hospital = I-2 (IBC) & New Health Care (LSC)

2. Clinic = Business (IBC) & New Business (LSC)

2. Separated Occupancies

1. Required Separation of Occupancies = 2-Hr Fire Barrier (2FB)

3. Accessory Occupancies : Yes (Assembly)

4. Incidental Uses : Yes

5. Special Provisions : Smoke Compartments (Hospital

4. Building Data3. Number of Stories : 2

4. Fire Protection Systems

3. Automatic Fire Alarm : Fully

5. Construction Classification1. Construction Type

1. Type I-B - IBC

2. Type II (222) - LSC

2. Building Elements FRR (Hours)

1. Primary Structural Frame : 2

2. Bearing walls - Exterior : 2

3. Bearing walls - Interior : 2

4. Nonbearing walls - Exterior : 0

5. Nonbearing walls - Interior : 0

6. Floor Const & Secondary Members : 2

7. Roof Const & Secondary Members : 1

3. Exterior Wall FRR (per FSD) : 0

6. Fire-Resistance Ratings1. Corridor Enclosure FRR : 0 Hrs

2. Interior Exit Stairway (IES) : 2 Hrs

3. Vertical Openings (VO) : 2 Hrs

4. Occupancy Separations : 2 Hrs



Story 01 STEP 2 : Use and Occupancy Classification


Story 02 STEP 2 : Use and Occupancy Classification

Step 2 : Use and Occupancy ClassificationSeparation of Occupancies by FRR Assemblies is OPTIONAL

There are advantages to “Separated Occupancies” (e.g. Reduced Exit Access Travel Distances)

If you decide to separate certain occupancies, review the Required Separation tables :


Step 3 : Vertical Openings (VO)(16) Types of Vertical Openings :



Story 01 STEP 3 : Vertical Openings (VO)


Story 02 STEP 3 : Vertical Openings (VO)

Step 4 : Stairways - Exit & Exit AccessTypes of Stairways

◦ Interior Exit Access Stairways (IEAS)

◦ Exterior Exit Access Stairways (EEAS)

◦ Interior Exit Stairways (IES)

◦ Exterior Exit Stairways (EES)


Step 4 : Stairways - Exit & Exit Access



Story 01 STEP 4 : Stairways


Story 02 STEP 4 : Stairways

Step 5 : Incidental Uses / Hazards



Story 01 STEP 5 : Incidental Uses / Hazards


Story 02 STEP 5 : Incidental Uses / Hazards

Step 6 : Smoke Compartments



Story 01 STEP 6 : Smoke Compartments


Story 02 STEP 6 : Smoke Compartments

Step 7 : Combined all FRRs



Story 01 STEP 7 : Combined all FRRs


Story 02 STEP 7 : Combined all FRRs

Step 8 : Determine the FRR “Palette”


Step 9 : Match “WHAT” with “WHY”


Use and Occupancy

Vertical Openings - Shafts

Vertical Openings - 2 Story Opngs

Interior Exit Stairways

Incidental Uses / Hazards

Smoke Compartments

I-2 / HC Corridors & Suite Boundaries

Step 10 : Prioritize FRR TypesFRR Assemblies

1. FW : Fire Walls

2. EW : Exterior Walls

3. FB : Fire Barriers

4. SE : Shaft Enclosures

5. SB : Smoke Barriers

6. HA : Horizontal Assemblies

7. FP : Fire Partitions

8. SP : Smoke Partitions

9. CW : Corridor Walls (resist smoke passage)


Fire-Resistance Ratings

1. 4 : 4-Hours

2. 3 : 3-Hours

3. 2 : 2-Hours

4. 1 : 1-Hour

5. 0.5 : 1/2-Hour

6. 0.3 : 1/3-Hour

7. 0 : 0-Hours


Story 01 STEP 10 : Prioritize FRR Types


Story 01 STEP 11 : Special Conditions


STEP 11 : Special Conditions

L i f e S a f e t y P l a n s

Fire - Resistance Rat ingsT H A N K Y O U F O R A T T E N D I N G