volaris corporate presentation may 2015
TRANSCRIPT
The Leading Ultra-Low-Cost Airline Serving
Mexico and the US
May 2015
Disclaimer
2
The information ("Confidential Information") contained in this presentation is confidential and is provided by Controladora
Vuela Compañía de Aviación, S.A.B. de C.V., (d/b/a Volaris, the "Company") confidentially to you solely for your reference
and may not be retransmitted or distributed to any other persons for any purpose whatsoever. The Confidential Information
is subject to change without notice, its accuracy is not guaranteed, it has not been independently verified and it may not
contain all material information concerning the Company. The Company, nor any of their respective directors makes any
representation or warranty (express or implied) regarding, or assumes any responsibility or liability for, the accuracy or
completeness of, or any errors or omissions in, any information or opinions contained herein. None of the Company or any
of their respective directors, officers, employees, stockholders or affiliates nor any other person accepts any liability (in
negligence, or otherwise) whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from any use of this presentation or its contents or
otherwise arising in connection therewith. No reliance may be placed for any purposes whatsoever on the information set
forth in this presentation or on its completeness.
This presentation does not constitute or form part of any offer or invitation for sale or subscription of or solicitation or
invitation of any offer to buy or subscribe for any securities, nor shall it or any part of it form the basis of or be relied on in
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this presentation as legal, tax or investment advice and should consult their own advisers in this regard.
This presentation contains statements that constitute forward-looking statements which involve risks and uncertainties.
These statements include descriptions regarding the intent, belief or current expectations of the Company or its officers with
respect to the consolidated results of operations and financial condition, and future events and plans of the Company. These
statements can be recognized by the use of words such as "expects," "plans," "will," "estimates," "projects," or words of
similar meaning. Such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and actual results may differ
significantly from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors and assumptions. You are cautioned
not to place undue reliance on these forward looking statements, which are based on the current view of the management of
the Company on future events. The Company does not undertake to revise forward-looking statements to reflect future
events or circumstances.
Solid first quarter 2015 financial results
Positive cash flow generation, well funded for growth: Net increase of cash by
Ps. 862 million, mainly driven by operating activities. Unrestricted cash of Ps. 3,156 million
(US $208 (1) million), 21% of LTM revenues.
Total operating revenues: Increase 36% for the 1Q YoY, reaching Ps. 3,768 million.
TRASM increased to Ps. 123.8 cents (+22% YoY).
Notes:
(1) Converted to USD at March end of period spot exchange rate corresponding for the period, $15.1532.3
Disciplined capacity management: International ASMs grew 31% in 1Q YoY, while
domestic ASMs grew 4% for same period as a continuous domestic capacity discipline.
Total ASMs grew 11% during the quarter.
Costumer acceptance for our ancillary revenue strategy: Non-ticket revenue excl.
cargo per pax reached Ps. 319 (US. $21(1)), an increase of +53% for the quarter YoY;
driven by improved ancillary bundles, revenue management for bag and seats fees and
new products.
Costs control & strong profitability: Maintaining lowest unit cost in the Americas, CASM
of US $7.5 cents, decreased 16% YoY (CASM excl. fuel US $5.2 cents); EBITDAR margin
for the period 32% (+26.1 pp, YoY).
Volaris – Mexico’s Ultra-Low-Cost Carrier’s snapshot at
30,000 feet
Notes:
(1) Converted to USD at an average annual exchange rate
(2) Corresponds to the number of booked passengers
(3) Based on number of passengers, domestic and international passengers
Source: Company data, SCT-DGAC
Serving to 60 destinations throughout Mexico, US. Recently announced Guatemala and Costa Rica
2008 2014 CAGR
Unit cost
(CASM ex-fuel;
cents, USD)(1)
5.5 5.4 -0.4%
Passenger
demand
(RPMs, bn)
3.2 9.7 +20.5%
Aircraft
(End of Period)21 50 +15.6%
Passengers
(mm)(2) 3.5 9.8 +18.7%
Operating
revenue
(mm, USD)(1)
397 1,056 +17.7%
Adj. EBITDAR
(mm. USD)(1) 67 232 +23.0%
Adj. ROIC (pre-
tax)11% 14% +3 pp.
Volaris’ destinations
4
Domestic market share(3)
LTM Int. Pax
Revenue 28%
LTM Dom. Pax
Revenue 72%
12.2%
20.5% 23.1% 23.3% 23.8%
2008 2012 2013 2014 Mar YTD2015
Volaris’ low base fares stimulate demand and drive
continuing growth
Stimulation
of
demand
More
ancillary
revenue
More capacity
Lower base
fares
Resilient ULCC business
model driving high,
profitable growthLower cost
Since its launch, Volaris has stimulated new demand in the Mexican market through an aggressive
revenue management strategy that drives lower fares and higher load factors
5
Notes;
(1) Converted to USD at an average exchange rate corresponding for the period
(2) Figures updated as per latest public reports as of December 2014
(3) Figures updated as per latest public reports as of September 2014
Source: Company data, data airlines public information, DGAC reports, MI DIIO
Aeromexico Interjet VivaAerobus Volaris
CASM LTM March 2015
(cents, USD)(1) 13.2 12.5 9.9(3) 8.4
Low ticket prices 1Q 2015 ≈
Average Fare (USD)(1) 144 88 57 78
Non-ticket rev. exc. Cargo 1Q 2015
Non-ticket rev. exc. Cargo per pax (USD)(1) 9.2 6.6 23.1 21.3
Modern & uniform fleet ≈
Average age fleet (years) 8.0 6.4(2) 19.7(3) 4.5
High daily utilization
Block hours per day 11.4(2) 8.8(2) 8.4(3) 11.8
Other/ eg. (No GDS) ≈
Legacy < Hybrid/LCC < ULCC
6
Volaris’ ULCC business model is clearly differentiated from
legacies, hybrids and other LCC’s
5.3
12.0
9.4 9.28.5
7.76.5
5.6
8.4
6.75.8
10.5
3.1
5.3
4.74.0
4.04.7
3.74.2
3.7
3.8
3.3
4.1
Avianca LatAm Aeromexico Interjet Gol Copa VivaAerobus SouthWest Allegiant Spirit DCOMPS
Volaris has a best-in-class unit cost structure
Denotes fuel
cost per ASM
Lowest unit cost in the Americas(1)
CASM and CASM ex-fuel (LTM March 2015, USD cents)(3)
Latin American Carriers US Network
Carriers(2)
US LCCs
Notes:
(1) Based on CASM among the publicly-traded airlines
(2) DCOMPS= Direct Competitors: Average CASM and CASM ex-fuel; US network carriers include: Delta, United, Alaska Airlines, American Airlines
(3) Non-USD data converted to USD at an average exchange rate corresponding for the period
(4) Based on CASM among the publicly-traded airlines as of FY 2014. VivaAerobus as per latest public report as of September 2014.
Source: Company data, Airlines public information
7
8.4
17.4
14.8
13.212.5
10.2 9.910.5
9.2
14.6
12.4 12.1
(4)(4)
11.8 11.4
8.8 8.4 8.8 8.1
Aeromexico Interjet VivaAerobus GlobalA320
GlobalA319
19.7
10.58.9
6.44.5
VivaAerobus MexicanAverage
Aeromexico Interjet
Young, fuel efficient fleet
Interjet
Focus on fleet utilization and efficiency drives higher revenue
and lower cost: A320 retrofit and A321 arrival(1)
Notes:
(1) A320 retrofit and factory fit to 179 seats/A321 arrival with 220 seats
(2) Implied passengers per aircraft is calculated as available seats per aircraft multiplied by the load factor. VivaAerobus figures as of FY 2014
(3) Block hours per day figures updated as per DGAC latest reports.
(4) Block hours per day calculated as ((Total block hours for the period / Monthly average number of aircraft) / Number of days for the period)
(5) Aeromexico, Interjet and VivaAerobus represent domestic competitors of Volaris
Source: Company data, airlines public information, DGAC, Airbus, miDiio
Load factor
(1Q 2015)Implied passengers
per aircraft(2)
80%
70%
77%
143
104
124Interjet A320
150 seats per aircraft
Aeromexico 737-800
160 seats per aircraft
High daily utilization
Volaris A320
179 seats per aircraft
High density configuration(5)
Aeromexico
Block hours per day (1Q 2015)(4) Average age (Yrs, 1Q 2015)
8
VivaAerobus 737-300
148 seats per aircraftVivaAerobus 81% 120
(3) (3) (3)
2013
First, economyand otherExecutive &luxury
145
110
Bus
Bus passenger shift to air travel
Notes:
(1) Executive and luxury class
(2) Fare figures calculated with average prices for September 2014
(3) Non-USD data converted to USD at an average exchange rate corresponding for the period
Source: Company data, Secretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes (SCT)
Air travel time and cost savingsSignificant upside for air travel
Fare (USD)(2,3)Travel time (Hrs)
Mexico City – Tijuana
(1)
Total air travel trips
(mm)
Total bus trips
(mm)
40.5
4.0
Bus Air
36.5 hours less
• Mexico is almost three times the size of the state of Texas
• The distance between Tijuana and Cancún is similar to the
distance between New York City and San Francisco
• 4Q14 bus switching campaign resulted in a great success:
- Education an trial plans went viral
- Reached 20M impacts in social media and became
trending topic in Twitter: 8.4M impacts
24% cost savings
30
30
60
2013
International
Domestic
2,781
2,706
75(1)
9
• Excess
baggage
• Checked
bag limited
to 1 piece
(25kgs.)
• Carry-on
(oversized)
• Strollers
• Priority
boarding
• Check-in
Unbundled strategy: “Tú decides” – You decide
• V-Club subscription
(113k active)
suscriptions)
• Co-branded credit
cards (106k active
cardholders)
• Manage my
booking
• Vempresa
• Travel
Commerce
•IOS mobile app
• Advertising
• Food and
beverage
• Hotel
rooms
• Car rentals
• Airport
shuttle
Pre-flight(1) Flight
planning
At the
airport
Onboard
aircraft Post-flight
• Seat
assignment
• Change /
booking fees
• Insurance
• Packages
•Additional forms
of payment
Notes:
(1) V-Club & Co-branded credit cards figures as of January 31th,2015 10
7 911
15 1721 22
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 LTM Mar 2015
Acceleration of Volaris’ non-ticket revenues
Notes:
(1) Converted to USD at an annual average exchange rate corresponding for the period
Source: Company data, Airlines public information
Increased contribution of non-ticket revenue to the top line
Non-ticket revenue per passenger
Volaris (USD)(1)
Best-in class US LCC’s
(1Q 2015, USD)
Contribution
to Operating
Revenue7% 7% 9% 13% 14%
2009 – 2014 CAGR: +53.2%
2009 – 2014 CAGR: +24.5%
Non-t
icket re
venue
(US
D m
m)(
1)
19%
11
24 3968
115148
206 223
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 LTM Mar 2015
20%
57 55
Allegiant Spirit
Notes:
(1) Minimum stage length of 170 miles
(2) Minimum stage length of 200 miles; CAM stands for Central America; SAM stands for South America
(3) South and northbound leisure routes
(4) Figures calculated as of March 2015.
Source: Company data and DIIO MI Market Intelligence for the Aviation Industry
48 48
41 4038
13
0
10
20
30
40
5099
48
32
0
25
50
75
100
USA (Leisure) USA (VFR) CAM, SAM,Canada,…
Attractive growth opportunities in Mexico and throughout
the Americas
Domestic – growth potential of nearly 126
routes (4)
International – growth potential of about 139
routes (4)
(3)
Number of routes(1) Number of routes(2)
Routes served Growth potential
12
Capacity – ASMs
(Year-over-year change) FY14 1Q15 2Q15E FY15E
Total 9% 11% 12%-13% 10% - 12%
Domestic 6% 4% 5%-6% 2% - 4%
International 17% 31% 33%-34% 33% - 36%
Substantial growth opportunity in the US-Mexico VFR /
leisure travel market
Notes:
(1) Represents Mexican origin population figures as per population data released on May 26, 2011
(2) Mexican origin is based on self-described ancestry, lineage, heritage, nationality group or country of birth.
Source: Pew Research Hispanic Center
Denotes Volaris
presence(1)
Denotes other cities with large
Mexican origin populations(1,2)
Significant Mexican origin
population(2) of 33.7 million
in the US
Orlando
0.1mm
San
Francisco
0.7mm
San Jose
0.4mm
San
Diego
0.9mm
Denver
0.5mmSacramento
0.3mm
Chicago
1.5mm
Fresno
0.5mm
Los Angeles
4.6mm
Las Vegas
0.4mm
San
Bernardino
1.7mm
Phoenix
1.2mm
Tucson
0.3mm
Albuquerque
0.2mm
El Paso
0.6mm
San Antonio
0.9mm
Bakersfield
0.4mm
Austin
0.4mm
Dallas
1.5mm
Houston
1.5mm
Atlanta
0.3mm
Washington
0.1mm
New York
0.5mm
Philadelphia
0.1mm
San Benito
0.3mm
Mission
0.6mmTampa
0.1mm
Portland
0.2mm
Miami
0.1mm
13
Positive expansion, managing capacity and diversification of
routes
Notes:
(1) Capacity measured by ASM’s
Source: Data company, SCT-DGAC, DIIO MI
Percentage of Volaris’ 2Q15 domestic capacity competing with:
Volaris offers more domestic routes than any other Mexican carrier
A significant portion of our capacity faces no competition(1)
Volaris flown domestic routes Volaris flown international routes
More than 2x More than 2x
14
3950
7893 93
Dec' 11 Dec' 12 Dec' 13 Dec' 14 Mar' 15
1723 26
3643
Dec' 11 Dec' 12 Dec' 13 Dec' 14 Mar' 15
65% 66%
32%
18%
Aeromexico Interjet VivaAerobus Non-competed
Fleet and financials
15
18 1712 9
17 16
1313
15 2028
28
2 825
52
FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17
A319 A320 A320 w/Sharklets A320 NEO w/Sharklets A321 w/Sharklets A321 NEO w/Sharklets
A higher density fleet generates more incremental capacity
with fewer additional aircraft
Projected fleet under current contracts (number of aircraft)(1)
Notes:
(1) Net fleet after additions and returns
(2) Figure calculated as of April 2015
(3) Percentage of year-end fleet with sharklets
Source: Company data
Backlog of 62 Aircraft to support growth(2)
Seat growth
% fleet w/Sharklets(3)
11%
40%
13%
58%
8%
66%
5560
65
50
16
Solid financial performance
Note:
(1) Converted to USD at an average exchange rate corresponding for the period
Source: Company data, airlines public information
Operating revenues(1) Adj. EBITDAR(1)
Operating Revenues CAGR 2009 - 2014 LTM March 2015 Adj. EBITDAR margin
17
374
536
714
887
1,018 1,056 1,096
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 LTMMar '15
(US
D m
m)
116140
100
188220 232
297
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 LTMMar '15
(US
D m
m)
23%
17%14%
7% 6%
0%
10%
20%
30%
Copa Aeromexico Gol LatAm
27% 27%
20%18% 18%
0%
10%
20%
30%
Copa Aeromexico Gol LatAm
LTM Liquidity – Cash and Equivalents / Op.
Revenue
Solid balance sheet and liquidity, well funded for growth
Note:
(1) Includes IPO Smiles program proceeds
(2) Figures converted to USD December end of the period spot exchange rate $15.1542 for convenience purposes only
Source: Company data, Airlines public information
(1)
18
• IPO provided sufficient liquidity / capital
for growth over the next years
• Fully financed pre-delivery payments and
executed sale-leasebacks for all
deliveries in 2015 and 2016
• A good liquidity position to strengthen our
balance sheet
• Unrestricted cash of $3.2 billion pesos
(US$ 208 million (2)) as of March 31st
2015
• Negative net debt of $1.9 billion pesos
(US$ 125 million (2)) as of March 31st
2015.
21.0%
22.8%
19.8%
14.4%
8.9%
Copa Gol LatAm Aeromexico
Active in jet fuel hedging, reaching up to 45% of projected
consumption for 2015 and 2016
19
Period Total % hedged Avg. price (gal/USD$) Instrument
1Q15 29% $2.53 Swap/Call
2Q15 45% $2.15 Swap/Call
3Q-4Q15 45% $2.07 Call
1Q16 45% $1.95 Call
2Q16 45% $1.97 Call
3Q16-4Q16 40% $2.00 Call
Appendix
20
Non-IFRS Terms Glossary
• Available seat miles (ASMs): Number of seats available for passengers multiplied by the number of miles the seats are flown.
• Block hours: Number of hours during which the aircraft is in revenue service, measured from the time it leaves the gate until the
time it arrives to the gate at destination.
• Revenue passenger miles (RPMs): Means the number of miles flown by passengers.
• TRASM: Total revenue divided by ASMs.
• RASM: Passenger revenue divided by ASMs.
• CASM: Total operating expenses, net divided by ASMs.
• CASM ex fuel: Total operating expenses, net excluding fuel expense divided by ASMs.
• Load factor: RPMs divided by ASMs and expressed as a percentage.
• EBITDA: Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization.
• EBITDAR: Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and aircraft rent expense.
• Adj. EBITDAR: EBITDAR adjusted by non-cash and non-recurring items.
• Adj. Debt: Financial debt plus seven times the aircraft rent expense.
• Adj. Net debt: Adj. Debt minus cash and cash equivalents.
• VFR: Passengers who are visiting friends and relatives.
21
MXN millions unless otherwise stated (2) 2012A 2013A 2014A 2014A (1) 1Q 2015A 1Q 2015 (1)
% of total
operating
revenues
(USD
millions)
(USD
millions)
Passenger 10,177 11,117 11,303 768 2,922 193 77.5
Non-ticket 1,510 1,885 2,733 186 846 56 22.5
Total operating revenues 11,686 13,002 14,037 954 3,768 249 100
Fuel 4,730 5,086 5,364 364 1,051 69 27.9
Aircraft and engines rent expense 1,886 2,187 2,535 172 755 50 20.0
Salaries and benefits 1,303 1,563 1,577 107 424 28 11.2
Landing, take off and navigation expenses 1,640 1,924 2,066 140 574 38 15.2
Sales, marketing and distribution expenses 752 704 817 56 216 14 5.7
Maintenance expenses 499 572 665 45 181 12 4.8
Other operating expense 288 347 468 32 118 8 3.1
Depreciation and amortization 211 302 343 23 103 7 2.7
Total operating expenses 11,308 12,685 13,833 940 3,422 226 90.8 6
EBIT 378 317 204 14 346 23 9.2
Operating margin (%) 3.2 2.4 1.5 1.5 9.2 9.2
Finance income 14 25 23 2 9 1 0.2
Finance cost (90) (126) (32) (2) (4) (0) (0.1)
Exchange (loss) gain, net (95) 66 449 30 86 6 2.3
Income tax expense (3) (18) (39) (3) (131) (9) (3.5)
Net income 203 265 605 41 306 20 8.1
Net margin (%) 1.7 2.0 4.3 4.3 8.1 8.1
Net income excluding special items (3) 203 379 605 41 306 20 8.1
Adjusted EBITDAR 2,475 2,806 3,081 209 1,204 79 32.0
Adj. EBITDAR margin (%) 21.2 21.6 22.0 22.0 32.0 32.0
EPS Basic and Diluted 0.29 0.31 0.60 0.04 0.30 0.02
EPADS Basic and Diluted 2.94 3.10 5.98 0.41 3.03 0.20
Consolidated statements of operations summary
Notes:
(1) Full year 2014 and 1Q 2015 figures converted to USD December end of the period spot exchange rate $14.7180 and $15.1532, respectively, for convenience purposes only
(2) Audited financial information 2012A – 2013A
(3) Excludes debt prepayment of Ps.65 million, and reservation system migration costs and other non-recurring items of Ps.48 million.
Source: Company data22
Consolidated statements of financial position summary
Notes:
(1) Full year 2014 and 1Q 2015 figures converted to USD December end of the period spot exchange rate $14.7180 and $15.1532, respectively, for convenience purposes only
(2) Net debt = financial debt - cash and cash equivalents
(3) Adjusted debt = (LTM aircraft rent expense x 7) + financial debt
(4) Adjusted net debt = adjusted debt - cash and cash equivalents
(5) Audited financial information 2012A – 2013A
Source: Company data
MXN millions unless otherwise stated (5) 2012A 2013A 2014A 2014A (1) 1Q 2015 1Q 2015A (1)
(USD
millions)
(USD
millions)
Cash and cash equivalents 822 2,451 2,265 154 3,156 208
Current guarantee deposits 238 499 545 37 582 38
Other current assets 755 1,050 879 60 727 48
Total current assets 1,815 4,000 3,689 251 4,465 295
Rotable spare parts, furniture and
equipment, net1,195 1,341 2,223 151 2,191 145
Non-current guarantee deposits 2,245 2,603 3,541 241 3,709 245
Other non-current assets 447 434 452 31 720 48
Total assets 5,702 8,378 9,905 673 11,085 731
Unearned transportation revenue 1,259 1,393 1,421 97 1,960 129
Short-term financial debt 527 268 823 56 851 56
Other short-term liabilities 1,936 2,211 2,524 172 2,834 187
Total short-term liabilities 3,722 3,872 4,768 324 5,646 373
Long-term financial debt 633 294 425 29 405 27
Other long-term liabilities 272 250 242 16 229 15
Total liabilities 4,627 4,416 5,435 369 6,279 414
Total equity 1,075 3,962 4,470 304 4,806 317
Total liabilities and equity 5,702 8,378 9,905 673 11,085 731
Net debt (2) 338 (1,889) (1,017) (69) (1,900) (125)
Adjusted debt (3) 14,360 15,874 18,990 1,290 20,135 1,329
Adjusted net debt (4) 13,538 13,423 16,725 1,136 16,979 1,120
23
Consolidated statements of cash flows summary
Notes:
(1) Full year 2014 and 1Q 2015 figures converted to USD December end of the period spot exchange rate $14.7180 and $15.1532, respectively, for convenience purposes only
(2) Audited financial information 2012A - 2013A
Source: Company data
MXN millions unless otherwise stated (2) 2012A 2013A 1Q 2015A 1Q 2015A (1)2014A 2014A (1)
(USD millions) (USD millions)
Cash flow from operating activities
Income before income tax 207 283 644 44 437 29
Depreciation and amortization 211 302 343 23 103 7
Guarantee deposits (311) (620) (695) (47) (79) (5)
Unearned transportation revenue 433 135 27 2 539 36
Changes in working capital and provisions (43) (61) 14 1 (51) (3)
Net cash flows provided by operating activities 497 39 334 23 949 63
Cash flow from investing activities
Acquisitions of rotable spare parts, furniture, equipment and
intangible assets (856) (1,161) (1,603) (109) (208) (14)
Proceeds from disposals of rotable spare parts, furniture and
equipment 1,043 849 418 28 157 10
Net cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities 187 (312) (1,185) (81) (51) (3)
Cash flow from financing activities
Payments of Treasury Shares - - (7) (0) - -
Net proceeds from initial public offering - 2,578 - - - -
Transaction costs on issue of shares - (38) - - - -
Proceeds from exercised treasury shares - 26 - - - -
Interest paid (127) (65) (23) (2) (9) (1)
Other financing costs - - (11) (1) - -
Payments of financial debt (694) (1,084) (400) (27) (149) (10)
Proceeds from financial debt 550 444 966 66 121 8
Net cash flows (used in) provided by financing activities (272) 1,861 525 36 (37) (2)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 412 1,588 (326) (22) 862 57
Net foreign exchange differences (31) 41 141 10 29 2
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 441 822 2,451 167 2,265 149
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 822 2,451 2,265 154 3,156 208
24
Adj. EBITDA and Adj. EBITDAR reconciliation
Notes:
(1) Full year 2014 and 1Q 2015 figures converted to USD December end of the period spot exchange rate $14.7180 and $15.1532, respectively, for convenience purposes only
(2) Audited financial information 2012A - 2013A
Source: Company data
MXN millions unless otherwise stated (2) 2012A 2013A 2014A 2014A (1) 1Q 2015A 1Q 2015A (1)
(USD
millions)
(USD
millions)
Net income 203 265 605 41 306 20
Plus (minus):
Finance costs 90 126 32 2 4 0
Finance income -14 -25 (23) (2) (9) (1)
(Benefit)/provision for income taxes 3 18 39 3 131 9
Depreciation and amortization 211 302 343 23 103 7
Business alliance amortization - - - - - -
EBITDA 494 685 995 68 536 35
Exchange (gain) loss, net 95 -66 (449) (30) (86) (6)
Other financing cost (income), net - - - - - -
Adjusted EBITDA 589 619 547 37 449 30
Aircraft and engine rent expense 1,886 2,187 2,535 172 755 50
Adjusted EBITDAR 2,475 2,806 3,081 209 1,204 79
25