unit1%(topic%1&7%)%% environmental%values%systems% · unit1%(topic%1&7%)%%...
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Unit 1 (Topic 1&7 ) Environmental Values Systems
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How would you explain a values system?
We now know what a system is, but what about a ‘value?’
The word ‘value’ means worth. It also refers to the ethical precept (general rule) upon which we base our behavior
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What are your values? What is YOUR values system?
Eco-‐ethics -‐ where do you stand?
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What influences your values system?
HINT: system characterisMcs… Can you think of inputs? outputs? processes?
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Input: Media School Peers Religion Culture Family
Output: Decisions Actions Answers Choices Perspectives View points
Processes: Listening Rejecting Accepting Learning Thinking Deciding
Values System
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Environmental value system
A set of deeply held beliefs that inform personal or societal aQtudes and acMons with regard to the environment and environmental problem solving; a moral code.
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Who has an environmental value system?
• Individuals • InfluenMal individuals • Independent pressure groups • Intergovernmental bodies • Non-‐governmental organizaMons
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InfluenMal individuals
• Elected government officials • Civil service staff
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Independent pressure groups
• Businesses • Trade organizaMons • Professional associaMons Corporate social responsibility
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Intergovernmental bodies
• UK Sustainable Development Commission • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
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Non-‐governmental organizaMons
• WWF • Greenpeace
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Environmental value systems
• Technocentrism • Ecocentrism (Deep Ecology) • AnthropocenMsm
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Technocentric Views
• Nature: nature is a model, but can be replaced by technology when needed
• Society: human health and well-‐being are central to decision-‐making
• Economy: maintain overall total of human, built and natural capital
• Who decides: technology experts (as advisors to government)
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Ecocentric Views
• Nature: environmental conservaMon is central to decision-‐making
• Society: humans are part of nature • Economy: maintain natural capital, as well as overall total capital
• Who decides: empowerment; everyone has the capacity and the opportunity to parMcipate in decision-‐making
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Anthropocentric Views
• Nature: the environment is a resource for humans to use as needed
• Society: human health and well-‐being are central in decision-‐making
• Economy: maintain overall total of human, built and natural capital
• Who decides: elected government representaMves
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Deep Ecologists
• Believe that the living environment has the same right to live and flourish as humanity.
• Concerned about the impacts of human life as one part of the ecosphere. Not all natural resources are for human use.
• Deep ecology seeks a more holisMc view of the world we live in.
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Cornucopians [La$n: cornus=horn, copia=abundance]
• Believe that the Earth’s resources will infinitely benefit humans
• Not concerned about the impacts of human life. Natural resources are for human use.
• Cornucopians view humans as soluMon-‐focused who will always find a way out of any difficulty