UNCLASSIFIED1 14 September 2015

INTEGRATING FOREIGN MILITARIESIN DISASTER RELIEF OPERATION IN

INDONESIA

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INDONESIAis the nature’s laboratory for disasters

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INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI 2004

•More than 240.000 passed away

•All provincial government collapsed

•No communication and Media coverage for 3x24 hrs

•No Regulation, Lack of Experiences, No Disaster Management System

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NIAS EARTHQUAKE 2005Disaster

Management

Event Date Acts Result

Involvement

Benefits

Mitigation TNI (not

involved)

Standby / Readiness

TNI (not

involved)

Disaster Occured

8.7 RS March 28th 2005

Evacuation Shelter

Established Pos

TNI, Civilian

Emergency Asssitance

Emergency Response

Emergency

Response Action

D+1 until

D+210

- establishment Bhakti TNI Ops.- Collecting victims and material damage- Search and evacuation of victims and bodies- Treatment

TNI, coordinatio

n unit enforceme

nt (Satkorlak)

Unit Enforceme

nt, volunteers

Emergency assistance

to the victims

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Supply DistributionSecuring and ctrl the foreigners

Rehabilitatian/ recovery

Planning

Public facilities recovery

D+211 –D+270D+271-D+361

-Roadwork-bridgework-runway repair

Roadwork > 200kms, 3 bridges, 1 runway

TNI, USPACOM, coordinatio

n unit enforcemen

t (Satkorlak)

Unit Enforcement, civilian

established people live, economic recovery

reconstruction

Rebuild public facilities & schools

D+ 271 – D+361

Rebuild 2 schools

TNI, USPACOM, coordinatio

n unit enforcemen

t (Satkorlak)

Unit Enforcemen

t, civilian

Normal school activities

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Law No. 3 of 2003 / UU

• TNI Role in MOOTW ( Overcoming National disaster)

Law No. 34 of 2004 / UU• MOOTW implement related with natural disasters relief, evacuation and

Human assistanceLaw No. 24 of 2007 on DR / UU

• Overcoming National disaster

Presidential Decree 8 of 2008 / Perpres

• About the National Agency Disaster Management

Government Rule No.21, 2008 / PP

• the Implementation of DR

Government Rule No.22, 2008 / PP

• about Funding and Management of Disaster Assistance

TNI DOCTRINE ( TRIDEK)• Regulates the use of military forces by the principles MOOTW that

in order to help with natural disasters

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The Estabilishment of NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AGENCY/BNPB (2008)

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(6.054)

SATUAN TUGAS PRC PB TNI

(15)

POKKO

(130)

SATMA

(2.911)

SUB SATGAS WIL BARAT

(2.911)

(222) (2.689)

TIM SUSULANPRC PB TNI

TIM AWALSRC PB WIL BARAT

(222) (2.689)

TIM SUSULANPRC PB TNI

TIM AWALSRC PB WIL TIMUR

SUB SATGAS WIL TIMUR

2010 TNI’S RAPID RESPONSE FORCE FOR DISASTER

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The Regulation of the Head of BNPB Number 22 Year 2010

THE ROLES OF THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND FOREIGN NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION

DURING EMERGENCY RESPONSE

The government has the authority to accept or refuse entry of personnel from the international community.

Military assistance (personnel, equipment/plane/ ship) has to get Security Clearance from the Indonesian Defense Force HQ.

Foreign military assets entry permit will refer to the regulation of the Indonesian Defense Force HQs.

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•Assisting states militaries participating in HADR operations shall not carry arms as well as vehicles and items or substances that are incompliant with the customs, rule and the law of the affected state.

•Humanitarian Principles shall be adhered to provision of HADR–Humanity–Neutrality–Impartiality–Do No Harm.

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•Assisting States should support purely immediate needs and avoid creating long term dependence on foreign military assets by Affected States population and civilian humanitarian organization as this may impact long term recovery and development

•Assisting State should pave the way for civil agencies to take over, following the initial critical phases of HADR.

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Role of Affected States

•Through NFP should have developed a national disaster plan, including mechanisms to establish a LEMA

•Exercise authority for overall direction. Coordination and supervision of disaster response within its territory through NFP, LEMA, establish OSSOC, CMOC etc

•Consistent with international Law.•Makes request by NFP to AHA Centre, UN OCHA,

using international coordination mechanism

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•Shall specify the scope and type of military assistance required, and prove information for assisting states

•Should facilitated HADR Ops by simplifying as appropriate, customs and administrative procedures related to CIQ.

•Shall provide , where possible local facilities and services and shall also ensure the protection of personnel, equipment and material brought into its territory by or on behalf of the Assisting States for such purposes.

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Role of Assisting States

• Focus on emergency phase, with the provision of military assets that the Affected State may not have.

• Conduct designated HADR with full consent &knowledge of Affected State .

• Assisting States shall– Respect culture and religious sensitivities of Affected State– Abide principles of Do No Harm.– Through NFP, coordinate its HADR Ops with Affected State NFP in

accordance with their national Disaster Plan.– Be self Supporting in term of transport, fuel, food, rations, water and

sanitation, maintenance and communications.– In coordination with Affected State, take into account the

environmental impact of its HADR operation

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•Provide HADR without seeking to:–Obtain financial reimbursement.–Further political or religious view point.–Intervene in the internal affairs of the affected state.–Gain commercial advantage.–Gather sensitive political, economic, or military

information irrelevant to HADR Ops.• Foreign Military personnel and related civilian

officials involved in HADR Ops must have official permission for entry from and any movements must be under authority of the affected state.

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USE OF MILITARY ASSETS

• In the ASEAN region, military forces are often required to provide HADR. When required to do so, the Assisting State's military should seek advice from and work closely with the Affected State's NFP and relevant authorities. The Affected State's NFP would be the lead but the Affected State could also appoint any other relevant authority or subject matter expert to work on the HADR situation.

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•HADR operations by the military can be divided into three broad categories:–Direct Assistance – Face to face distribution of goods and

services.–b. Indirect Assistance – Is at least one step removed

from the population and involves such activities as transporting relief goods or relief personnel.

–c. Infrastructure Support – Involves providing general services, such as road repair, airspace management and power generation that facilitate relief efforts.

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IDENTIFICATION AND VEHICLE MARKINGS

• Military personnel and related civilian officials involved in the HADR operation shall be permitted to wear uniforms with distinctive identification while performing official duties.

• 15. For the purpose of entry into and departure from the territory of the Affected State, members of the HADR operation shall be required to have:

– a. An individual or collective movement order issued by or under the authority of the Head of the HADR operation or any appropriate authority of the Assisting State.

– b. A personal identity card issued by the appropriate authorities of the Assisting State.

– c. Foreign military personnel and related civilian officials involved in HADR operations must have official permission for entry from and any movements must be under authority of the affected state.

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•Aircraft and vessels used by the military personnel and related civilian officials of the Assisting State may use its registration and easily identifiable license plate without tax, licenses and/or any other permits. All authorised foreign military aircraft will be treated as friendly aircraft and will receive open radio frequencies and Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) by the Affected State's authorities. These vehicles (aircraft and vessels)involved the HADR operations must get official permission for entry and exit from the affected state and any movements must be under authority of the affected state.

•

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•REQUIREMENTS FOR TEMPORARY IMPORTANT AND RE-EXPIRIES IN HADR.–The Vehicles and equipment which the assisting entities import temporarily for use in HADR missions should be re-exported after their tasks will have finished.

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Guideline for Medical Assistance

•Medical assistance guidelines in HADR Ops should be, where practicable, in accordance to the affected states policy for the provision on healthcare and assistance. All medical assistance rendered would require the Assisting States military medical team to have proper records so that appropriate follow up could be rendered upon its departure.

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Respect of National Laws and Regulations

–Members of the HADR Ops shall refrain from any action or activity incompatible with the nature and purpose of AADMER and ASEAN SASOPS.

–Members of HADR operation shall respect and abide by all national law and regulation. In this regards the Head of the HADR operation shall take appropriate measures to ensure that members of the HADR observe national laws and regulations.

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TRANSIT STATE

Within the ASEAN community, Transit States should facilitate the movement of HADR equipment, supplies and personnel from Originating and Assisting States to the Affected State.

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ASSESSMENTS

Assisting States deploying military forces in support of HADR should seek initial and on-going assessments from the appropriate coordinating body, including AHA Centre. Where appropriate, any assessment conducted by the Assisting States should be shared with other Assisting Entities. Likewise, military response to any Request for Assistance (RFA), should be coordinated with other Assisting States' militaries and AHA Centre to minimize duplication, confusion and gaps in support. Joint military assessments, including participation in Affected State's assessments if possible, are strongly recommended.

• •

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• Planning should be conducted from the onset of HADR operations to ensure a successful disengagement from or transition to the Affected State, UN relief agencies or the wider humanitarian community as soon as they can fully resume or assume the required tasks. Such time and/or condition based transition should be planned and jointly agreed by the Affected State, Assisting States, the AHA Centre, UN and other coordinating bodies.

• Assessments should be needs driven, complementary to and coherent with HADR operations.

•

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COORDINATION WITH AFFECTED STATE

• The Affected State shall exercise overall direction, control, coordination and supervision of the HADR operation within its territory. The Assisting States shall conform to the national incident command system of the Affected State, and designate in consultation with the Affected State, a person who shall be in charge of and retain immediate operational supervision over the personnel and the equipment provided by it. The Head of HADR operation shall exercise such supervision in cooperation with the appropriate authorities of the Affected State or through the AHA Centre.

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MILITARY-TO-MILITARY COORDINATION

Information sharing and coordination with all Assisting Entities should be initiated as soon as possible, even before Assisting States' military assets are deployed. Where there are multiple Assisting States' militaries, they are expected to liaise, communicate and coordinate with the Affected State's NFP and military, civilian Assisting Entities, and with each other to develop and utilise one common set of practices and procedures. In large-scale emergencies, the Assisting States' militaries may establish a CMOC or similar structure on site.

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•The military-to-military coordination is usually undertaken by the Affected State's military in support of the Affected State's NFP. It is encouraged that liaison officers and/or planning teams be placed at all levels of command to ensure smooth coordination with the Affected State, including its military, the AHA Centre, UN coordinating bodies, other Assisting States' militaries as well as regional organisations, as appropriate.

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MILITARY-TO-CIVILIAN COORDINATION

•Military-to-civilian coordination is usually led by the Affected State's NFP or relevant agencies of the United Nations. The military will work with the civilian partners in providing HADR in consonant to the overall strategic relief plans.

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Thank You

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14 September 2015