The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict:Territorial or Existential?

Nevet BaskerMarch 2011

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It’s Both!

Territorial Existential

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TWO Conflicts in One!

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Different objectives

Different players

Different themes

But…• Same land• Similar terms• Some confusion

The Territorial Conflict

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Territorial Conflict: Objective

Peaceful co-existence• Mutual recognition• Secure and recognized

borders

Self-determination for Jews & Palestinians• Two states for two peoples• Minority rights

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“Two-State Solution”

Territorial Conflict: Players

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Territorial Conflict: Themes

Independent Palestine alongside

Jewish Israel, in peace and

security

U.N. Resolution 181 (1947 Partition

Plan)U.N.

Resolution 242 (1967 “land for peace”)

“1967 occupation”

Oslo Accords (1993)

Quartet “Roadmap”

(2004)

Security fence/

separation barrier

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Territorial Conflict: Issues

Range of possible compromise

• Borders• Settlements• Jerusalem• Security

Who speaks for the Palestinians?

• Fatah legitimacy• Hamas in Gaza• Turmoil in Arab world

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The Existential Conflict

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Existential Conflict: ObjectiveThe end of Israel as a Jewish state

Conventional military

destruction

Nuclear weapons Terrorism [?] Demographi

c changesDelegitimiza-

tion

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Existential Conflict: Players

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Existential Conflict: ThemesAll of Israel is Palestine• “From the River to the Sea”• “1948 occupation”

Palestinian “right of return”• U.N. Resolution 194• No Jewish rights at all!

Denying Jewish ties to the land• Jewish “colonialism”• Demonization of all Jews

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Hamas15

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Al-Quds Brigades (Palestinian Islamic Jihad) 17

Al Fatah18

Article 1. Palestine is the homeland of the Arab Palestinian people …

Article 2. Palestine, with the boundaries it had during the British Mandate, is an indivisible territorial unit.

Article 5. The Palestinians are those Arab nationals who, until 1947, normally resided in Palestine regardless of whether they were evicted from it or have stayed there. Anyone born, after that date, of a Palestinian father—whether inside Palestine or outside it—is also a Palestinian.

Article 9. Armed struggle is the only way to liberate Palestine. This it is the overall strategy, not merely a tactical phase.

Article 15. The liberation of Palestine, from an Arab viewpoint, is a national duty and it attempts to repel the Zionist and imperialist aggression against the Arab homeland, and aims at the elimination of Zionism in Palestine.

Article 19. The partition of Palestine in 1947 and the establishment of the state of Israel are entirely illegal, regardless of the passage of time …

Palestinian National Charter (1968)

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201’10”

210’42”

220’43”

7TH Grade Geography Textbook: “Mineral Resources in Palestine”

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4TH Grade National EducationTextbook: Table of Contents

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PA Government Agencies

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Mahmoud Abbas at PA Headquarters 26

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290’38”

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Palestinian Solidarity ConferenceGeorgetown, February 2006

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Blurring the Line

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“End the Occupation”!

1967? 1948?

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“Free Palestine”!

AlongsideIsrael?

ReplacingIsrael?

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The Test

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425’51”

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