The Palestinian-Israeli The Palestinian-Israeli ConflictConflict

1947: 1947: U.N. Partition of U.N. Partition of PalestinePalestine

The UN proposed an The UN proposed an Arab state and a Jewish Arab state and a Jewish state.state.

Jews accepted the Jews accepted the proposal. Arabs rejected proposal. Arabs rejected it.it.

Israel declares Israel declares independence in 1948 independence in 1948 and is immediately and is immediately attacked.attacked.

Israel wins more land Israel wins more land than it would’ve than it would’ve received from the received from the proposal.proposal.

1964: The PLO Formed1964: The PLO Formed

Palestine Liberation Palestine Liberation OrganizationOrganization

Created by Egypt, not Created by Egypt, not PalestiniansPalestinians

Intended to control Intended to control Palestinian nationalism, Palestinian nationalism, but fuels it insteadbut fuels it instead

Yasir Arafat, a former Yasir Arafat, a former terrorist, becomes terrorist, becomes leaderleader

1967: 1967: The Six Day WarThe Six Day War

Egyptian forces dug in here.

Jordanian forces ready here

Syrian forces ready here

Israel saw Arab Israel saw Arab forces massing forces massing on its borderson its borders

Rather than Rather than wait, Israelis wait, Israelis launch a pre-launch a pre-emptive strikeemptive strike

Israel surprises Israel surprises the Arab forces the Arab forces and soundly and soundly defeats themdefeats them

Israel before and after the 1967 Six-day Israel before and after the 1967 Six-day war.war.

1973: 1973: The Yom Kippur The Yom Kippur WarWar

Israel attacked by Egypt and Syria.Israel attacked by Egypt and Syria. Not a decisive victory like 1967.Not a decisive victory like 1967. Armies entangled in a stalemate.Armies entangled in a stalemate. As a result of U.S. support for Israel, OPEC As a result of U.S. support for Israel, OPEC

imposed an embargo on the U.S.imposed an embargo on the U.S.

1978: 1978: Camp David AccordsCamp David Accords

Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat meet at Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat meet at Camp David with Jimmy Carter. Camp David with Jimmy Carter.

Israel agrees to withdraw from the Sinai Israel agrees to withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula in exchange for peace and future Peninsula in exchange for peace and future negotiation over the West Bank and Gaza negotiation over the West Bank and Gaza Strip.Strip.

Sadat Begin

Carter

Sinai Peninsula returned to Egypt as a result of the Camp David Peace Accords.

1987: 1987: The Intifada The Intifada ““Shaking off”Shaking off” Spontaneous: sparked by Spontaneous: sparked by

a traffic accident.a traffic accident. Radicalized people who Radicalized people who

had previously been had previously been silent.silent.

Generational shift in the Generational shift in the fighting.fighting.– Youths often fighting Youths often fighting

Israeli forces with rocksIsraeli forces with rocks 1,119 Palestinians killed.1,119 Palestinians killed. 15,320 detentions without 15,320 detentions without

charge.charge. 87,726 acres of land 87,726 acres of land

confiscated.confiscated.

1993: 1993: Oslo Peace AccordsOslo Peace Accords Secret peace talks between the PLO and Israel in Secret peace talks between the PLO and Israel in

Norway.Norway. Marks a change in Israeli attitude towards Yasser Marks a change in Israeli attitude towards Yasser

Arafat and the PLO.Arafat and the PLO. Creates the Palestinian National AuthorityCreates the Palestinian National Authority

2000: 2000: Second IntifadaSecond Intifada Camp David Peace Camp David Peace

Talks failTalks fail Armed factions attack Armed factions attack

Israeli civilian centersIsraeli civilian centers– Suicide bombersSuicide bombers

West Bank Security West Bank Security Fence constructedFence constructed

Erodes Israeli support Erodes Israeli support for moderate peace for moderate peace measuresmeasures

2004: 2004: Yasser Arafat diesYasser Arafat dies Signals a changing of the “old guard” within the Signals a changing of the “old guard” within the

PLO.PLO. Israelis see the PLO as more legitimate now with Israelis see the PLO as more legitimate now with

Arafat gone.Arafat gone. ““Official” end of second Intifada shortly follows Official” end of second Intifada shortly follows

2005: 2005: Israeli Israeli DisengagementDisengagement

Many hardliners realize Many hardliners realize that settlement is that settlement is impossibleimpossible

Israel Israel pulls out of Gazapulls out of Gaza & turns it over to the & turns it over to the Palestinian AuthorityPalestinian Authority

Signals a change from Signals a change from the “not one inch” days the “not one inch” days of Beginof Begin

Israeli public opinion split Israeli public opinion split over the issueover the issue

Some Jewish settlers Some Jewish settlers must be forcibly must be forcibly removedremoved

2006: 2006: Hamas wins Hamas wins electionelection

Opposed to peace with Opposed to peace with Israel; supported by Israel; supported by IranIran

Intensification of rocket Intensification of rocket fire from Gaza into fire from Gaza into IsraelIsrael

Israel responds by Israel responds by blockading Gazablockading Gaza

Palestinians smuggle Palestinians smuggle arms & supplies into arms & supplies into GazaGaza

Leads to autonomous Leads to autonomous rule in the West Bank & rule in the West Bank & GazaGaza

2011: Palestine 2011: Palestine Recognition? Recognition?

Palestine Authority moves a resolution in the UN Palestine Authority moves a resolution in the UN for recognition of Palestine statehoodfor recognition of Palestine statehood

As of December 2011, 128 of the 193 member As of December 2011, 128 of the 193 member states of the UN have recognized the State of states of the UN have recognized the State of Palestine. Palestine.