Semester 2 Final Review Extravaganza!!!

WWI

Provide 3 different ways that militarism led to the outbreak & escalation of WWI

ANSWER: a build-up of new weapons caused tension to rise between nations (particularly Britain & Germany) and resulted in an arms race that increased the likelihood of warnew weapons were developed that could really only be tested in the field which caused some nations to want to go to war to essentially play with their new “toys”new weapons caused many to feel that their nation could not lose a war so they supported going to wardmany nations were headed by military leaders who chose to solve diplomatic problems with military force

WWI

What caused nationalism leading up to WWI?

ANSWER: Typically racist propaganda trumpeted the cultural superiority of nations over othersThe development of new and powerful weapons caused many to feel that they would easily defeat their enemies in any armed conflictThe accumulation of colonial territories spurred on the economic development of European powers. This empire building led to an inflation of power in the eyes of manyEmpire building was a result of many small battles which were often easily won by European powers. This caused an inflation of power in the eyes of many

WWI

Provide 2 ways that alliances caused WWI

ANSWER: Alliances began being signed across Europe which forced others to create other alliances to protect themselves – this created tensionSome alliances were signed in secret which created tension even amongst nations who were allied with one anotherAlliances caused nations to get involved in the conflicts of other nations even though they had nothing to do with it

WWI

What is a stalemate?

ANSWER: Deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other

WWI

What role did ultimatums play in the war?

ANSWER: Due to the demands being unreasonable and ultimately not agreed to, they resulted in many declarations of war

WWI

Why did the war last longer and be more destructive than initially anticipated?

ANSWER: Nationalism caused many to think it would end more quickly than was reasonableThe combination of fighting in trenches and new weaponry, such as the machine gun, created circumstances in which offensive movement was met with devastating destruction. This prevented offensive movement and caused many deaths

WWI

What is total war?

ANSWER: Channeling of a nations entire resources into the war effort

Interwar Years

What was the main reason that totalitarian rulers were able to come into power in Europe after WWI?

ANSWER: Many nations faced severe economic and social hardships after the war which made the people want new leadership to make changes and bring back the glory of their nation

Interwar Years

Common ownership of property, state-run means of production & classless society are aspects of what type of government?

a. Fascismb. Democracyc. Monarchyd. Communism

ANSWER: D

Interwar Years

Censorship mass arrests, and a secret police force are most characteristic of

a. parliamentary democraciesb. republicsc. totalitarian regimesd. constitutional monarchies

ANSWER: C

Interwar Years

When he came to power in Germany, what were Hitler's main foreign policy aims?

a. To retake control of lands lost under the Treaty of Versailles, to re-arm Germany, to unite all German speakers in one Greater Germany expanding eastwards to gain Lebensraum

b. To stay within the boundaries set at Versaillesc. To give-up further land to Polandd. To create an alliance with Great Britain in order to

gain full control over the seas

ANSWER: A

Holocaust

In order for an act to be considered genocide, what components must be present?

ANSWER: There must be both mental (intent) & physical acts (destruction) in order for something to be considered genocide.

Holocaust

Which of the following is an example of genocide?a. The purposeful killing all women who live in a particular

cityb. All people from a diverse 5-square block are placed into

a ghetto in order to keep them from traveling to the other side of town

c. The killing of all members of a small ethnic group are killed after an explosion at a factory

d. Taking the children of all members of a small ethnic group and separating them from their parents by placing them into camps where they will be reeducated

ANSWER: D

Holocaust

Explain the progression and speed of the 10 stages of genocide.

ANSWER: There is a slow progression of the stages. Typically one minor stage happens (such as symbolization) that people get used to, followed by more extreme stages (such as dehumanization and persecution). There is almost always a pause between stages which allows the victims to develop a false sense of safety that “this is the worst it will get” and thus do little to fight back.

WWII

What is appeasement?

ANSWER: Policy of giving in to an aggressor’s demands in order to keep the peace

WWII

How did the League of Nations respond when Italy invaded Ethiopia?

ANSWER: They did NOTHING (appeasement)

WWII

Was appeasement a success during WWII? Why or why not?

ANSWER: NOT – giving in to Hitler’s demands only made him more bold which meant that his actions escalated until war had to be declared- it did not successfully avoid conflict

WWII

The German Blitzkrieg referred to:a. an elaborate series of concrete bunkers built on

the experiences of World War Ib. the Nazi plan for a "final solution" to the Jewish

questionc. the living space in the east that was necessary for

an expanding Germanyd. lightning war

ANSWER: D

WWII

What was the final battle in the war in Europe?a. Battle of Stalingradb. Battle of Normandyc. Battle of the Bulged. Battle of Britain

ANSWER: C

WWII

Which battle liberated France?a. Battle of Stalingradb. Battle of Normandyc. Battle of the Bulged. Battle of Britain

ANSWER: B

WWII

How can it be reasoned that the Treaty of Versailles led to WWII?

ANSWER: The harsh conditions placed on many nations, Germany in particular, led to harsh economic conditions which in turn caused social unrest. These unstable conditions allowed dictators like Hitler and Mussolini to come to power. These dictators led their countries to war.