world war i causes and alliances. the main causes of wwi m – militarism a – alliances i –...
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Alliances• Before the War
– Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy– Triple Entente: France, Great Britain, Russia
• During the War– Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary,
Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire, Italy (switches sides in 1915)
– Allies: France, Great Britain, Russia, U.S.A. (1917), and other nations
Igniting Incident
• June 28, 1914 - The assassination of Austria’s Archduke Franz Ferdinand and wife, Sophie, in Sarajevo, Bosnia
• Responsible group – Serbian nationalist and member of “Black Hand,” Gavrilo Princip
The Domino Theory(Chain Reaction)
• Austria sends Serbia an “ultimatum”– July 28, 1914 – Austria declares war on Serbia
• Russia mobilizes troops”– Aug. 1, 1914 – Germany declares war on Russia– Aug. 3, 1914 – Germany declares war on France
• Germany wants to attack France by way of Belgium; Belgium refuses– Aug. 4, 1914 – Germany declares war on Belgium– Aug. 4, 1914 – Great Britain declares war on Germany– Aug. 6, 1914 – Austria-Hungary declares war on Russia
(Austria-Hungary & Germany – vs. – Belgium, Great Britain, France, Serbia and Russia)
Schlieffen PlanGermany’s plan depended on SPEED and avoiding fighting on two fronts.
1. Rush through Belgium & France to take Paris (the Western Front)
2. Then use trains to transport extra soldiers & supplies to the Eastern Front (German & Russian border) to fight Russians
• Plan failed – Germany must fight war on two fronts
WWI Technology
• Machine gun
• Big Bertha
• Poison Gas
• Tanks
• Flame throwers
• Airplanes
• U-boats
WWI German messenger dog.
U.S. Enters War
• Germans employ UNRESTRICTED SUBMARINE WARFARE
• SINKING OF THE LUSITANIA
• THE ZIMMERMAN TELEGRAM