Safety and Sanitation

TL 8.02 Use basic food safety and sanitation principles

Ensure Sanitation in the Kitchen

• Store, wash, and cook food properly• Keep the kitchen, appliances, tools, and

yourself clean

Obvious Kitchen Dangers that can be Readily Seen

• Sharp knives• Edges of opened cans• Oven/range

Less Obvious Kitchen Dangers

• Grease on the floor• Appliances with frayed cords• Leaks from gas appliances• Cleaning products

Safety Rules to Prevent Cuts

• Hold a knife by its handle• Keep knives sharp (dull knives slip and cause

cuts)• Wash knives separately• Don’t try to catch a falling knife!

Safety Rules to Prevent Burns and Scalding

• Use pot holders• Turn pan handles inward• Open lids towards the back of a pot so that

steam escapes away from you

Safety Rules to Prevent Fires

• Clean grease from the surface of oven• Keep paper and long clothing away from

range

Rules to Prevent Electric Shock

• Unplug appliances when not in use• Keep electrical appliances away from water

If you smell gas…

• Call the gas company• Do not turn on the gas stove

This odor commonly takes the form of rotting eggs. If this scent is detected, it is recommended to evacuate the area immediately, usually to the outside. Do not light fires/cigarettes, and do not operate electrical appliances/light switches/phones, as these may act as points of ignition. Once in a safe area, contact your natural gas provider.

Unseen danger in the Kitchen• Microscopic bacteria

• i.e. bacteria on the kitchen faucet

Contaminated Food

• Food that contains large amounts of bacteria

Salmonella

• Bacteria that grows in foods such as poultry and eggs

• Salmonella poisoning symptoms include nausea, diarrhea, mild to severe cramps, and fever

Botulism

• Avoid botulism by never eating food from a leaking or bulging can

E. Coli Sources

• Contaminated rare beef, unpasteurized milk, and apple juice

Personal Hygiene in Food Preparation

• Wash your hands for 20 seconds before handling food

• Keep your hair out of the food• Don’t sneeze or cough on food

Danger Zone for Bacteria Growth

• 40 degrees F to 140 degrees F

Pork must be cooked to 170 F

• To kill the parasite that causes trichinosis

Cook Stuffing Separately

• To avoid possible salmonella contamination• Stuff meat right before cooking

Foods that Spoil Quickly when Left at Room Temperature

• Milk products• Meat• Egg-rich foods, such as custards or

mayonnaise

Spoilage Prevention

• Refrigerate foods promptly, especially in hot weather

Freezing Affects on Bacterial Growth

• Freezing stops the bacteria from growing• Bacteria may still be alive after the food is

thawed

Leftover Cook Poultry Stored in the Refrigerator

• Stays fresh one to two days

Raw Egg Yolks or Whites Storage

• Stays fresh two to three days in the refrigerator

What cooking temperature destroys most bacteria?

• 165 degrees Fahrenheit