pmbok 5th planning process group part one

Planning

Process Group

Project Management Processes PMBOK 5th edition

Hossam Maghrabi, PMP

Planning Process Group Project Boundaries

Planning Process Group

The objective of this Process Group is to describe the strategy and tactics as well as

the course of action or path to successfully complete the project or phase.

It set up the total scope of the effort, define and refine the objectives, and develop

the course of action required to attain those objectives.

Its outputs (The project management plan and project documents ) will explore all

aspects of the scope, time, cost, quality, communications, human resources,

risks, procurements, and stakeholder engagement.

Planning and documentation are an iterative and ongoing activities due to more

information or characteristics are gathered and understood(progressive

elaboration), also a significant changes occurring throughout the project life cycle

trigger a need to revisit one or more of the planning processes and possibly some

of the initiating processes.

When the Planning Process Group is well managed, it is much easier to get

stakeholder buy-in and engagement.

Planning Process Group& Knowledge Areas

Develop Project Management Plan:Data Flow Diagram

It’s the process of defining, preparing, and coordinating all subsidiary plans and

integrating them into a comprehensive project management plan.

The project management plan

defines how the project is

executed, monitored &

controlled, and closed.

Develop Project Management Plan:Inputs

1. Project Charter

2. Outputs from Other Processes Outputs from many of the other processes are integrated to create the project management

plan.

Any baselines and subsidiary plans that are an output from other planning processes are

inputs to this process.

3. Enterprise Environmental Factors

4. Organizational Process Assets Standardized guidelines

Project management plan template

Change control procedures

Project files from previous projects

Historical information and lessons learned knowledge base

Configuration management knowledge base

Develop Project Management Plan:Tools & Techniques (T&T)

1. Expert Judgment, To

– Tailor the process to meet the project needs,

– Determine resources and skill levels needed to perform project work,

– Define the level of configuration management to apply on the project,

– Determine which project documents will be subject to the formal change

control process,

– Prioritize the work on the project to ensure the project resources are

allocated to the appropriate work at the appropriate time.

2. Facilitation Techniques, Like Brainstorming, conflict resolution,

problem solving, and meeting management to used by facilitators to help

teams and individuals accomplish project activities. (Ref. Develop Project Charter T&T )

Develop Project Management Plan: Outputs

1. Project Management Plan

It integrates and consolidates all of the subsidiary plans and baselines from the

planning processes that include,

1. Project baselines (Scope baseline, Schedule baseline, Cost baseline).

2. Subsidiary plans (Scope, Requirements, Schedule, Cost, Quality, Human

resource, Communications, Risk, Procurement, Stakeholder management

plan and Process improvement plan )

2. Project Documents (Refer to pages 103, 104 in PMBOK 5)

Project scope management includes the processes

required to ensure that the project includes all the

work required, and only the work required, to

complete the project successfully.

Planning Process Group& Scope Management Knowledge Areas

Product Scope vs. Project Scope

Scope refers to all the work involved in creating the

deliverables of the project and the processes used to

create them.

Product scope: The futures & functions that

characterize the product, service, or result.

Project Scope: The work that needs to be

accomplished to deliver a product, service, or result

with the specified features and functions.

Plan Scope Management Process

It is the process of creating a scope management

plan that documents how the project scope will be

defined, validated and controlled.

It provides guidance and direction on how the

project’s scope will be managed.

Plan Scope Management Data Flow Diagram

Plan Scope Management: Inputs

1. Project Management PlanApproved subsidiary plans of the project management plan are

used to create the scope management plan and influence the

approach taken for planning scope and managing project scope.

2. Project CharterIt provides the high-level project description and product

characteristics from the project statement of work.

3. Enterprise Environmental Factors

4. Organizational Process Assets

Plan Scope Management: Tools and Techniques (T&T)

Expert Judgment Knowledgeable and Experienced parties.

MeetingsAttendees at these meetings may include the project manager, the

project sponsor, selected project team members, selected

stakeholders, anyone with responsibility for any of the scope

management processes, and others as needed.

Plan Scope Management: Output

1. Scope Management Plan:

Includes– How to prepare a detailed project scope statement.

– How to create a WBS from the detailed project scope

statement.

– How to maintain and approve the WBS.

– How to obtain formal acceptance of the completed

project deliverables.

– How to control requests for changes to the project

scope.

Plan Scope Management: Output

2. Requirements Management Plan : Includes– How requirements activities will be planned, tracked, and

reported.

– Requirements prioritization process

– Product Metrics and Requirements Traceability Structure.

– How changes to the product will be initiated, how impacts

will be analyzed, how they will be traced, tracked, and

reported, as well as the authorization levels required to

approve these changes ( This is a Change Management

Activities).

Collect Requirements Process

Collect Requirements Process :1. Is the process of determining, documenting and managing stakeholder’s needs and

expectations to meet project’s objectives.

2. It provide the basis for defining and managing project scope .

The Requirements1. Or (stakeholder’s needs and expectations) must be quantifiable and documented

in enough detail to be measured once project execution begins

2. The requirements is foundation of the WBS.

3. Cost, schedule, quality planning, and sometimes procurement are all based

upon these requirements.

4. Can be grouped into classifications1. Business requirements ( The Needs of the organization)

2. Stakeholder requirements (stakeholder’s needs and expectations)

3. Solution requirements (features, functions and characteristics of the product, service)

4. Transition requirements, describe temporary capabilities such as data conversion & training

needs

Collect Requirements ProcessData Flow Diagarm

Collect Requirements Process: Inputs

1. Project Scope Management Plan

2. Requirements Management PlanInclude The processes that will be used throughout the Collect Requirements

process to define and document the stakeholder needs.

3. Stakeholder Management PlanInclude Stakeholder communication requirements and the level of

stakeholder engagement

4. Project CharterInclude The high-level description of the product, service, or result of the

project

5. Stakeholder Register

Collect Requirements Process: Tools and Techniques (T&T)

Interviewing

Focus groups and facilitated workshops

Using group creativity and decision-making

techniques

Questionnaires and surveys

Observation

Prototyping

Benchmarking, or generating ideas by comparing specific

project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products

inside or outside the performing organization, can also be used to collect

requirements


1. Interviews

Interviewing experienced project participants,stakeholders, and subject

matter experts (one on one conversation) can aid in

identifying and determining the features and functions of the

desired project deliverables.

2. Focus groups

Bring together prequalified stakeholders and subject matter experts to

learn about their expectations and attitudes about a

proposed product, service, or result. Usually conducted by

a trained moderator


3. Facilitated Workshops

Are considered a primary technique for quickly defined

cross-functional requirements that affect more than one

department and reconciling stakeholders differences.

Well facilitated sessions can build trust, foster

relationships, and improve communication among the

participants which can lead to increased stakeholder

consensus.


4. Group Creativity Techniques

Brainstorming

Nominal group technique

Delphi Technique

Idea/mind mapping

Affinity diagram

Multi-criteria decision analysis.

5. Group Decision Making Techniques

Is an assessment process of multiple alternatives with an expected outcome

in the form of future actions resolution. These techniques can be used to

generate, classify, and prioritize product requirements.

Methods of reaching a group decision (Unanimity , Majority , Plurality , Dictatorship)


6. Questionnaires and Surveys

Are written sets of questions designed to quickly accumulate

information from a wide number of respondents.

7. Observations

It is particularly helpful for detailed processes when the people that

use the product have difficulty or are reluctant to articulate their

requirements.

8. Prototypes

Is a method of obtaining early feedback on requirements by

providing a working model of the expected product before

actually building it.


9. Benchmarking

Benchmarking involves comparing actual or planned practices, such

as processes and operations, to those of comparable

organizations to identify best practices, generate ideas for

improvement, and provide a basis for measuring performance.

The organizations compared during benchmarking can be

internal or external.

10. Context Diagrams

Context diagrams show inputs to the business system, the actor(s)

providing the input, the outputs from the business system, and

the actor(s) receiving the output.

11. Document Analysis

Collect Requirements process: Outputs

1. Requirements Documentation

Describes how individual requirements meet the business need

for the project.

Before being baseline, requirements need to be unambiguous

(measurable and testable), traceable, complete, consistent,

and acceptable to key stakeholders

Requirements documentation can include, Requirements assumptions, dependencies, and constraints.

Business Requirements.

Stakeholder requirements.

Solution requirements.

Project requirements.

Transition requirements.

Collect Requirements process: Outputs

1. Requirements Traceability Matrix

1. It is a grid that links product requirements from their origin to the

deliverables that satisfy them.

2. It helps to

Ensure that each requirement adds business value by linking it to the business

and project objectives.

Track requirements to ensure that the approved requirements are delivered at

the end of the project.

Provides a structure for managing changes to the product scope.

Define Scope process

The process of developing a detailed

description of the project and product.

Defining which of the requirements collected

will be included in and excluded from the

project scope

Define Scope process Data Flow Diagram

Define Scope Process: Inputs

1. Project charter

2. Scope Management Plan

3. Requirements Document

4. Organizational Process Assets

– Procedures & Templates

– Historical Data

– Lessons learned from old Projects

Define Scope Process: Tools and Techniques (T&T)

1. Expert Judgment

To analyze the information needed to develop the project scope

statement

2. Context Diagrams

Product analysis includes techniques such as product breakdown,

systems analysis, requirements analysis, systems engineering,

value engineering, and value analysis

3. Alternatives Generation

Identify different approaches to execute and perform the work of the

project using brainstorming, lateral thinking, analysis of

alternatives, etc

4. Facilitated Workshops

Define Scope Process: Outputs

1. Scope Statement

describes project’s deliverables and the

work required to create those deliverables.

It includes Product scope description

Deliverables’ Acceptance Criteria

Project Deliverables

Project Exclusion

Project Assumptions and Constraints


2. Project Documents Updates: may include

– Stakeholder register

– Requirements Documents

– Requirements Traceability Matrix

Create WBS Process

Is the process of subdividing project deliverables and work

into smaller, more manageable components.

The WBS is a deliverable-oriented hierarchical

decomposition of the work to be executed by the project

team, to create the required deliverables.

The WBS organizes and defines the total scope of the

project.

Create WBS Process Data Flow Diagram

Create WBS Process Work Pakage & Decomposition

The planned work is contained within the lowest level of WBS

components, which are called work packages.

A work package can be used to group the activities where work is

scheduled and estimated, monitored, and controlled. In the context of

the WBS, work refers to work products or deliverables that are the

result of activity and not to the activity itself.

As the work is decomposed to greater levels of detail, the ability to

plan, manage, and control the work is enhanced. However, excessive

decomposition can lead to nonproductive management effort and

difficulty aggregating data over different levels of the WBS.

Create WBS Process:WBS & Control Account

A control account is a management control point where scope,

budget, actual cost, and schedule are integrated and compared to the

earned value for performance measurement.

Control accounts are placed at selected management points in the

WBS.

Each control account may include one or more work packages, but

each of the work packages should be associated with only one control

account.

A control account may include one or more planning packages.

planning package is a work breakdown structure component below

the control account with known work content but without detailed

schedule activities.

:Create WBS ProcessWBS Structure & Forms

Create WBS Process:Inputs

Scope Management Plan

Project Scope Statement

Requirements Document

Enterprise Environmental Factors

Organizational Process Assets

Create WBS Process: Tools and Techniques (T&T)

1. Decomposition– Decomposition of the total work into work packages generally

involves the following activities:

Identifying and analyzing the deliverables and related work.

Structuring and organizing the WBS.

Decomposing the upper WBS levels into lower level detailed

components.

Developing and assigning identification codes to the WBS

components.

Verifying that the degree of decomposition of the work is

necessary and sufficient.

2. Expert Judgment

Create WBS Process: Outputs

1. Scope Baseline

– Project Scope Statement

– WBS

– WBS Dictionary

2. Project Documents updates

Create WBS Process: OutputsWBS Dictionary

pmbok 5th planning process group part one

Leadership & Management