physical and chemical changes matter matter – anything that has volume or mass. atoms are the...
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Physical and Chemical Changes
Matter Matter – anything that has volume or
mass. Atoms are the smallest unit of matter!
Volume – anything that takes up space
Mass – the amount of matter that something is made of
MASS Mass
Measured in grams with a balance
Volume Liquid Volume
measured in liters
Meniscus – the curve that
you see at the liquid’s
surface used to measure
the volume
Volume Solid Volume
Measured in cubic meters (m3)
Cubic means “having 3 dimensions”
Remember Inertia – tendency of all objects to
resist any change in motion More Mass Greater Inertia
harder to move an object with a large mass harder to stop an object with larger mass once
moving
A. Matter FlowchartMATTER
Can it be separated by physical means?
Homogeneous Mixture
(solution)
Heterogeneous Mixture Compound Element
MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE
yes no
Can it be decomposed by chemical means?
noyesIs the composition uniform?
noyes
B. Pure Substances Element
matter composed of identical atoms EX: copper
B. Pure Substances Compound
matter composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio
properties differ from those of individual elements
EX: salt (NaCl)
C. MixturesNon-specific combination of 2 or more pure substances.
Homogeneous Mixture
even distribution of components
EX: saline solution
Two Types of Mixtures
Heterogeneous Mixture
uneven distribution of components
EX: granite
A. Physical Property A characteristic of matter that can be
observed or measured without changing the identity of its matter.
can be used to separate mixtures
EX: density, color, odor, mass and volume
Chemical Property A characteristic that indicates whether a
substance can undergo a specific chemical change.
EX: flammability, reactivity
Physical Change Physical changes occur when
matter changes its property but not its chemical nature.
Physical changes could include a change in: texture, shape, size, color, odor, volume, mass, weight, and density.
Physical ChangeRemember!
properties remain the same
reversible
can be used to separate mixtures
Physical Change
Chemical Change Chemical changes are changes
matter undergoes when it becomes new or different matter.
To identify a chemical change look for signs such as color change, bubbling and fizzing, light production, smoke, and presence of heat.
C. Chemical ChangeRemember!
properties change
irreversible
Signs: color change, formation of a gas/solid, release of light/heat
Chemical Change A chemical change
occurs when fireworks are used. Fireworks are made of metals such as magnesium and copper. These change chemically as they light up the sky.
Density Density describes
how much mass is in a given volume of a material.
Density Solids, liquids and
gases are matter, so they all have density.
Determining Density To find the density of a
material, you need to know the mass and volume of a solid sample of the material.1. Mass is measured with
a balance or scale.
2. Use the displacement method or calculate the volume.
Density Problems
What is my Density?
Mass
1. 500g
2. 300g
3. 25g
Volume
50ml
15ml
5cm3
Complete the following questions on a separate sheet of paper as a part of your homework assignment.