UTICAJ KONTAMINACIJE SEMENA KUKURUZA OLOVOM NA NJEGOVU

BIOLOŠKU VREDNOSTEffect of contamination of maize seeds with lead on seed

biological value

Autor: Otto DOROGHAZI, IV godina studijaMentor: Prof. dr Ivana Maksimović

Institucija: Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet,

smer za Ratarstvo i Povrtarstvo, Novi Sad

Pb u prirodiPb in enviroment

Otpaci urbanih sredinaUbran wastes

Izduvni gasovi saobraćajnih sredstvaExhaust of automobiles

Aditivi u bojiAdditives in paints

Veštačka đubriva i pesticidi

Fertilizers, pesticides

Industrijska postrojenja

IndustryFabrike akumulatora i

njihovi otpaci Effluents from battery

industry

RudeOre

KONTAMINACIJA SEMENA Pb (Seed contamination with lead)

KONTAMINACIJA SEMENA Pb (Seed contamination with lead)

KONTAMINACIJA SEMENA Pb (Seed contamination with lead)

KONTAMINACIJA SEMENA Pb (Seed contamination with lead)

KONTAMINACIJA SEMENA Pb (Seed contamination with lead)

KONTAMINACIJA SEMENA Pb (Seed contamination with lead)

[molPb/dm3]

[cm

]

Početna hipotezaInitial hypothesis

Lead concentration

Plan

t hi

ght

Pb

Pb u prirodiPb in enviroment

Otpaci urbanih sredinaUbran wastes

Izduvni gasovi saobraćajnih sredstvaExhaust of automobiles

Aditivi u bojiAdditives in paints

Veštačka đubriva i pesticidi

Fertilizers, pesticides

Industrijska postrojenja

IndustryFabrike akumulatora i

njihovi otpaci Effluents from battery

industry

RudeOre

Struktura ćelijskih membrana

(Membrane structure)

Elongacija ćelija

(Cell elongation)

Vodni režim(Water regime)

Enzimska Aktivnost

(Enzyme activity)

Mitoza(Mitosis)

Pb2+Mineralna ishrana

(Mineral nutrition)

Rastenje ponika

(Growth of seedlings)

Fotosinteza(Photosynthesis) -

--

-

-

--

-/+

Pb2+

[molPb/dm3]

[cm

]Početna hipoteza

Initial hypothesis

Pb2+ Pb2+ Pb2+Pb2+

Lead concentration

Plan

t hi

ght

Materijal i metod radaMaterial and Methods

1) KONTAMINACIJA SEMENA Pb (Seed contamination with lead)

2) BIOLOŠKA VREDNOST SEMENA (Seed biological value of seedlings)

3) ODREĐIVANJE PORASTA I SUVE MASE PONIKA (Determination of maize seedlings growth and dry mass)

4) HEMIJSKA ANALIZA (Chemical analysis)5) STATISTIKA (Statistics)

1. KONTAMINACIJA SEMENA OLOVOMContamination of seeds with lead

NS HIBRID 7016 BUBRILO U RAZLIČITIM PbCl2 RASTVORIMA (Swelled

in different PbCl2 solutions):

10-410-5 10-210-3 KONTROLA

0, 10-5, 10-4, 10-3, 10-2 mol Pb/dm3

2. ODREĐIVANJE BIOLOŠKE VREDNOSTI SEMENA

Determination of seed biological value

• NAKLIJAVANJE SEMENA (Germination)

• ENERGIJA KLIJANJA (Vigor)

• KLIJAVOST (Seed germination)

• BROJ TIPIČNIH PONIKA (Percent of typic young seedlings)

• BROJ ATIPIČNIH PONIKA (Percent of untypic seedlings)

• NEPROKLIJALO SEME (Ungerminated seeds)

3. ODREĐIVANJE PORASTA I SUVE MASE PONIKA Determination of maize seedlings growth and dry mass

DUŽINA IZDANKA (Shoot length)

DUŽINA PRIMARNOG KORENA (Primary root length)

DUŽINA KORENA MEZOKITILA (Mesocotyl root length)

SUVA MASA IZDANKA I KORENA (shoot and root dry matter mass)

List (Leaf)

Koleoptila(Coleoptile)

Primarni koren(Primary root)

Koren mezokotila (Mesocotyl root)

Izdanak (Shoot)

Koren (Root)

4. HEMIJSKA ANALIZAChemical analysis

ccHNO3 + ccH2O2

KJELDHAL METOD → N ICP → P, K, S, Mg, Ca, Na, Fe,

Zn, Cu, Mn, Mo, Pb

• LSD 95%• LSD 99%

5. STATISTIKAStatistics

Dinamika usvajanja vode od strane semena kukuruza Dinamics of water uptake by maize seed

Merenja (časovi) Hours

Sadr

žaj v

ode

(%)

Wat

er c

onte

nt

REZULTATI - Results

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14

Sadr

žaj o

lova

(m

g/kg

) Le

ad

cont

ent

10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2

Koncentracija olova (mol/dm3) Lead concentration

Koren (Root)

Izdanak (Shoot)

Sadržaj Pb u pojedinim biljnim delovima pri različitim kontaminacijama semena sa Pb (mg/kg SM)

Pb contents in different plant partition after seed contamination with different Pb tretmants (mg/kg DM)

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

BIOLOŠKA VREDNOST SEMENA

The biological value of seed

Parametri Parameters

Koncentracija Pb (mol/dm3)Concentration of Pb (mol/dm3)

Ø 10–5 10–4 10–3 10–2

Tipičan ponik (%)(Typic young seedlings) 96,75 95,50 95,00 94,75 93,75

Atipičan ponik (%)(Untypic young seedlings) 2,25 2,75 4,50 4,00 4,75

Neproklijalo seme (%)(Ungerminated seed) 1,00 1,75 0,50 1,25 1,25

Energija klijanja (%)(Vigor) 97,00 95,00 95,00 95,00 94,00

Klijavost (%)Germination 97,00 95,00 95,00 95,00 94,00

Uticaj Pb na rastenje ponikaEffect of different Pb

concentrations on maize initial growth

Parametri Parameters

Koncentracija Pb (mol/dm3)Concentration of Pb (mol/dm3)

Ø 10–5 10–4 10–3 10–2

Dužina izdanka (cm)(Length of shoot) 10,13 10,26 9,90 10,49* 9,85

Dužina primarnog korena (cm)(Length of primary root) 12,11 11,80 11,70 11,91 11,20**

Dužina korena mezokotila (cm)(Length of mesocotyl root) 9,20 9,03 8,89 9,37 8,61**

Uticaj Pb na suvu masu izdanaka i korena ponikaEffect of different Pb concentrations on

seedlings shoot and root dry mass

Parametri Parameters

Koncentracija olova (mol/dm3)Concentration of lead (mol/dm3)

Ø 10–5 10–4 10–3 10–2

Suva masa izdanka (mg)(Dry matter mass of shoot) 28,30 27,00 28,10 27,8 28,70

Suva masa korena (mg)(Dry matter mass of root) 36,50 33,10 39,50 36,5 29,90*

N KP

Mg

S

Na Ca

Zn

Fe

Mn

Cu

Mo (%)

Translokacija pojedinih elemenata iz semena u izdanak i u koren

Translocation of elements from seed to the shoot and root

Izda

nak

(Sho

ot)

Kore

n (R

oot)

izdanak

izdanak

izdanak

izdanak

izdanak

izdanak izdanak

koren

koren

korenkoren

koren

koren

koren

Kontrola

N P K S Mg Ca Na

Statistički zančajna razlika (99%)

Traslokacija makroelemenata Translocation of macroelements

shoot

shoot shoot

shoot

shoot

shoot shootroot

root

root

root root root

root

(%)

(%)

ZAKLJUČAK (Conclusions)

• Akumulacija Pb je bilo veća u korenu (The acumulation of lead was higher in root then shoots)

• Smanjila se klijavost, energija klijanja i broj tipičnih ponika (Decrease the germination, vigor, and the number of typic seedlings)

• Porastao je broj atipčnih ponika (Increase the number of untypic seedlings)

• Suva masa izdanaka i dužina izdanka nisu značajnije promenili (Shoot length and dry mass did not change singnificantly)

• Dužina primarnog korena, korena mezokotila i suva masa korena se značajno menja u poređenju sa kontrolom (Length of primary root, mesocotyl root and dry matter of root changed singnificantly)

• Remobilizacija pojedijnih elemenata je bila različita (Remobilization of elements was different)

• Tolerancija (Tolerance)• Plan budućih istraživanja (The plan for the future)

Hvala van na pažnji!Thanks for your attention!

Zahvalonost dugujem ljudima koji su mi pomogli u radu:

Mentori: Prof. dr Ivana Maksimović

Akademik Rudolf Kastori

Laboranti: Katica Gavrančić

Nada Rihter