of about four thousand years prof. he1nrich graetz's ... · special aeticles in previous...

II ADVERTISEMENTS

Should be in Every Jewish HomeAN EPOCH-MAKING WORK COVERING A PERIOD

OF ABOUT FOUR THOUSAND YEARS

PROF. HE1NRICH GRAETZ'S

HISTORY OF THE JEWSTHE MOST AUTHORITATIVE AND COMPREHENSIVEHISTORY OF THE JEWS IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE

HANDSOMELY AND DURABLY BOUND IN SIX VOLUMESContains more than 4000 pages, a Copious Index of more than 8000 Subjects, and

a Number of Good Sized Colored Maps.

SOME ENTHUSIASTIC APPRECIATIONSDIFFICULT TASK PERFORMED WITH CONSUMMATE SKILL

"Graetz's 'Geschichte der Juden1 has superseded all former works of its kind, and has beentranslated into English, Russian and Hebrew, and partly into Yiddish and French. That someof these translations have been edited three or four times—a very rare occurrence in Jewishliterature—are in themselves proofs of the worth of the work. The material for Jewish historybeing so varied, the sources so scattered in the literatures of all nations, made the presentationof this history a very difficult undertaking, and it cannot be denied that Graetz performed histask with consummate skill."—The Jewish Encyclopedia.

GREATEST AUTHORITY ON SUBJECT"Professor Graetz is the historiographer par excellence of the Jews. His work, at present the

authority upon the subject of Jewish History, bids fair to hold its pre-eminent position forsome time, perhaps decades."—Preface to Index Volume.

MOST DESIRABLE TEXT-BOOK"If one desires to study the history of the Jewish people under the direction of a scholar

and pleasant writer who is in sympathy with his subject, because he is himself a Jew, he shouldresort to the volumes of Graetz."—"Review ofRevitvit (New York).

SPECIAL OFFER TO MEMBERSSIGN AND RETURN THIS ORDER FORM TO

THE JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OF AMERICA608 CHESTNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA.

GENTLEMEN :Kindly send me, e x p r e s s a g e prepaid , a set of Graetz's "History of the Jews,"

in six volumes, cloth bound, lor which I am to pay you ¥8.50, this being the s p e c i a lpr ice for members.

Sign

The American Jewish

Year Book

5673September 12, 1912, to October 1, 1913

Edited by

HERBERT FRIEDENWALDfor the

AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE

PHILADELPHIA - , , „ . , - ^

THE JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY of "AMERICA • v

1912

COPYRIGHT, 1012, BYTHE JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OF AMEEICA

PREFACE

The leading article in this, the fourteenth, issue of theAMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK is devoted to a survey, by Mr.Leonard G. Robinson, of the Agricultural Activities of theJews in America, with special reference to the experiments,failures, and successes in the United States. It is a contribu-tion to the history of a phase of Jewish activity to which toolittle attention has hitherto been paid, and which should re-ceive widespread notice, as the achievements recorded, to-gether with much unsuccessful endeavor, are of a high order.After the publication of this article, the ground will be takenfrom under the feet of those who contend that agriculture isan occupation which has no attractions for the Jews.

Easily first of the events last year in Jewry, not only of thiscountry but of all the world, is the abrogation of the Treatyof 1832 with Russia. Its epochal significance makes it takerank with such historical events as the emancipation of theJews in France and the removal of the disabilities of the Jewsof England, if it does not surpass them in importance. Ameasure of the extraordinary extent to which public attentionwas focussed upon the indignity which Russia, for more thana generation, had put upon American citizenship, may begathered from the multiplicity and variety of the articles inthe public press, an incomplete collection of which numbersno less than 3300 clippings. When made familiar with thefacts, the newspapers from Maine to California, from theGreat Lakes to the Gulf, and from Washington to Florida,with rare exceptions, demanded the abrogation of the Treaty.To this powerful voice, raised in the cause of justice and in de-

VI PREFACE

fense of American citizenship, Congress gave willing heed.The hearings given to the American Jewish Committee andother organizations by the House Committee on Foreign Af-fairs and the Senate Committee on Foreign Eelations were sofull, and the arguments were presented in so convincing a man-ner, that the Congress was moved to take practically unanimousaction favoring the abrogation of the Treaty, which, by noticeof President Taft, tendered to Eussia on the 17th of Decem-ber, 1911, brought to an end from and after January 1, 1913,the principal instrument binding the United States withRussia.

Without the doors of Congress, the most significant singleevent in connection with the Treaty-abrogation movementwas the great mass meeting held on December 6, 1911, atCarnegie Hall, under the auspices of the National Citizens'Committee of which Andrew D. White, formerly Minister toRussia and Ambassador to Berlin, was President, and Wil-liam G. McAdoo was Chairman of the Executive Committee.Mass meetings were held in other cities as well, and were ad-dressed by men of distinction, but none had the national im-portance of the Carnegie Hall meeting.

If the passport question reached a culmination, gratifyingto Jews the world over, the same cannot be said of the attemptsat the passage in Congress of bills aimed at restricting im-migration. Though it has been the traditional policy of thecountry merely to regulate and never to restrict immigration—except in the case of the Chinese—the Dillingham Billwhich passed the Senate was a strongly restrictionist measurewith many harsh provisions. In the House Committee onImmigration, the Burnett Bill, subjecting all immigrants toan educational test, was substituted for the Dillingham Bill,

PREFACE VII

and favorably reported to the House. At this writing, no ac-tion has as yet been taken upon the bill, but if it fails at thissession of Congress, it will unquestionably come up again atthe next session, and the friends of the immigrant must beprepared for another contest, to prevent him from being shutout of the country. Though the United States ImmigrationCommission, appointed under the act of 1907, did not reportany bill, it recommended the restriction of immigration, andadvocated a reading and writing test as the most feasiblesingle method of carrying out its recommendations. Forthis proposed reversal of the traditional policy of the countrythe immense and undigested mass of miscellaneous datagathered by the Commission furnishes no justification. Ashas been freely admitted by its own experts, the Commissioncollected a much greater mass of material than there was op-portunity properly to examine, and when forced by Congress toconclude the investigation at a definite date, it made hastygeneralizations, which its own collection of material does notwarrant. The immigration question is still a pressing one,therefore, and it is safe to say that more will be recordedabout it in subsequent YEAR BOOKS.

As before, it gives me pleasure to make acknowledgmentof the helpful suggestions received from Miss Henrietta Szoldand Dr. Cyrus Adler.

HERBERT FRIEDENWALD.NEW YORK, JULY 30, 1912.

SPECIAL AETICLES IN PREVIOUS ISSUES OF THEAMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

THE ALLIANCE ISRAELITE UNIVEBSELLE, 5661, pp. 45-65.THE JEWS OF ROUMANIA (two articles), 5662, pp. 25-87.THE AMERICAN PASSPORT IN RUSSIA, 5665, pp. 283-305.THE PASSPORT QUESTION IN CONGRESS, 5670, pp. 21-43.DIRECTORIES OF NATIONAL AND LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS, 5661, pp. 67-

495; 5668, pp. 21-430; 5669, pp. 19-64; 5670, pp. 146-189; 5671,pp. 229-253; 5672, pp. 217-265.

STATISTICAL SUMMARY BY STATES (JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS IN THE

UNITED STATES), 5662, pp. 126-156.THE JEWISH POPULATION OF MARYLAND, 5663, pp. 46-62.A LIST OF JEWISH PERIODICALS IN THE UNITED STATES, 5660, pp.

271-282; and in subsequent issues.PRELIMINARY LIST OF JEWISH SOLDIERS AND SAILORS WHO SERVED

IN THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR, 5661, pp. 525-622.THE HUNDRED BEST AVAILABLE BOOKS IN ENGLISH ON JEWISH SUB-

JECTS, 5665, pp. 309-317.ONE HUNDRED AVAILABLE BOOKS IN ENGLISH ON PALESTINE, 5666,

pp. 153-162.A LIST OF AVAILABLE STORIES OF JEWISH INTEREST IN ENGLISH,

5667, pp. 130-142.A SYLLABUS OF JEWISH HISTORY, 5666, pp. 163-170.BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF RABBIS AND CANTORS OFFICIATING IN

THE UNITED STATES, 5664, pp. 40-108; 5665, pp. 214-225; 5666,pp. 119-125.

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF JEWS PROMINENT IN THE PROFESSIONS,

ETC., IN THE UNITED STATES, 5665, pp. 52-213.BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF JEWISH COMMUNAL WORKERS IN THE

UNITED STATES, 5666, pp. 32-118.URIAH P. LEVY, 5663, pp. 42-45.GEHSHOM MENDEZ SEIXAS, 5665, pp. 40-51.PENINA MOISE, 5666, pp. 17-31.FROM KISHINEFF TO BIALYSTOK. A TABLE OF POGROMS FROM 1903

TO 1906, 5667, pp. 34-89.SUNDAY LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES AND JUDICIAL DECISIONS HAV-

ING REFERENCE TO JEWS, 5669, pp. 152-189.THE JEWISH COMMUNITY OF NEW YORK CITY, 5670, pp. 44-54.IN DEFENSE OF THE IMMIGRANT, 5671, pp. 19-98.THE PASSPORT QUESTION, 5672, pp. 19-128.

PREFACE

CONTENTSPAGE

SPECIAL ARTICLES IN PREVIOUS ISSUES OF THE AMERICAN JEWISHYEAR BOOK VIII

TIME OF SUNRISE AND SUNSET IN SIX NORTHERNLATITUDES following Contents

CALENDARS 3

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES OF THE .TEWS IN AMERICA, BY LEONARDG. ROBINSON 21

A LIST OF EVENTS IN 5672 AND NECROLOGY 116

THE PASSPORT QUESTION 196

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES AND AFFAIRS OF IN-TEREST TO THE JEWS 211

LIST OF JEWISH MEMBERS OF THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITEDSTATES 216

DIRECTORY OF JEWISH NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE UNITEDSTATES 217

NEW JEWISH LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES 247

JEWISH STATISTICS 264

A LIST OF JEWISH PERIODICALS APPEARING IN THE UNITEDSTATES 268

APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS 274

SYNAGOGUES AND HOMES OF SOCIETIES DEDICATED IN THE UNITEDSTATES 288

FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE,NOVEMBER 12, 1911 291

REPORT OF THE TWENTY-FOURTH YEAR OF T H E JEWISH PUBLICA-TION SOCIETY OF AMERICA, 1911-1912 315

TIME OF SUNRISE AND SUNSE

Day ofMonth

Jan. 11020

Feb. 11020

Men. 11020

Apl. 11020

May I1030

June 11020

July 11020

Aug. 11020

Sent 11020

Oct. 11020

Nov. 11020

Dec. 11020

Lat. 44° North(For Maine, Nova Scotia,

Northern New York, Michi-gan, Wisconsin, Minnesota,North and South Dakota,Montana, Washington,Northern Oregon,ern Idaho)

Portland, Me.

l£5.525.515.475.395.295.155.014.434.264.003.413.192.522.362.161.551.471.441.552.122.272.463.063.233.403.554.074.324.354.455.005.105.205.325.395.45

rise

Sum

7.377.367.307.197.076.526.376.216.035.405.345.074.494.374.264.174.144.144.184.244.324.464.575.075.225.335.455.586.096.326.386.517.047.177.277.34

set

Sun

4.314.404.535.095.225.365.486.006.126.276.396.517.057.157.267.387.447.497.497.467.397.267.146.586.376.206.015.415.255.074.494.384.284.214.204.33

North-

§•3£H

6.166.256.356.497.017.137.247.377.498.078.218.399.019.149.37

10.0010.1210.1810.109.589.449.259.038.418.207.597.397.166.596.436.286.186.126.076.086.09

Lat. 42° North

(Adapted, by [

(For Massachusetts, NewHampshire, Vermont, Cen-tral New York, SouthernMichigan, Wisconsin,Northern Iowa, Wyoming,Southern Idaho, SouthernOregon)

Boston, Mass.

Is5.485.485.485.385.295.175.024.484.304.083.493.293.073.532.352.172.112.082.122.232.372.553.123.273.443.554.074.234.334.444.585.075.185.295.375.43

rise

Sun:

7.307.297.247.147.046.506.356.216.035.435.275.114.544.444.364.254 224.234.264.324.404.525.015.115.245.345.445.566.066.186.336.446.577.107.197.26

iset

Sun

4.384.464.585.145.265.385.506.016.126.266.356.456.597.087.187.297.357.397.407.387.327.207.096.556.366.216.045.435.295.134.554.444.354.294.284.30'

$9?HH

6.206.286.366.506.597.137.237.347.468.018.138.288.479.029.189.379.479.539.549.449.359.178.598.398.167.597.387.177.006.456.306.216.146.096.086.11

permission, from

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Nevada, CalifiNew York City

Chicago, 111.

rise

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CALENDARS

CALE>

1911SeptSeptOct.Oct.Oct.Oct.Oct.Nov.Dec.Dec.Dec.

23

25

2

7

14

15

22

21

16

21

31

1912Jan.Feb.Feb.Mch.Mch.Apl.Apl.May

May

May

JuneJulyJulyJulyAug.Sept.Sept.

20

18

29

3

19

2

17

5

17

22

15

2

15

23

13

8

11

1911-1912

New TearFast of Gedaliah

Day of AtonementTabernacles

Eighth Day of the FeastRejoicing of the Law

First New Moon Day (of Heshvan)First NewMoon Day (of Kislev)

HanukahFirst New Moon Day (of Tebet)

Fast of Tebet

New Moon DayFirst New Moon Day (of Adar)

Fast of EstherPurim

New Moon DayPassover

First New Moon Day (of Iyar)Thirty-third Day of 'Omer

New Moon DayFeast of Weeks

First New Moon Day (of Tammuz)Fast of TammuzNew Moon Day

Fast of AbFirst New Moon Day (of Elul)

Selihot ServicesEve of New Tear

5672TishriTishriTishriTishriTishriTishriTishriHeshvanKislevKislevTebet

ShebatShebatAdarAdarNisanNisanNisanIyarSivanSivanSivanTammuzAb

A b

Ab

ElulElul

1

3

10

15

22

23

30

30

25

30

10

1

30

11

14

1

15

30

18

1

6

30

17

1

9

30

26

29

1912Sept.12Sept.! 4Sept.21Sept.26Oct. 3Oct. 4Oct. 11Nov. 10Dec. 5Dec. 10Dec. 20

1913Jan. 9Feb. 7Mch. 9Mch. 22Mch. 23Apl. 8Apl. 22May 7May 25June 6June 11July 5July 22Aug. 4Aug. 12Sept. 2Sept.28Oct. 1

JtJin;1912-

New:Fast of (

Day of A1Taberi

Eighth Day <Rejoicing o

First New Moon IFirst New Moon

HaniFirst New Moon

Fast oi

NewM.First New Moon

First NewMoon DaFast oi

Pui

NewMPass

First New MooiThirty-third .

New MoFeast oi

First New Moon DFast of 'New Me

Fast oFirst New Moon

Selihot iEve of IS

•Observed on

NDARS

ln-5673E-1913

rlear

Gedaliab

Itonement

macles

[of the Feast

;of the Law

iDay (of Heslrvan

»Day (of Kislev)

link ah

is Day (of Tebet)

oE Tebet

Moon Day

«i Day (of Adar)

5673

Tishri

Tishri

Tiehri

Tishri

Tishri

Tishri

Tishri

Heshvan

Kislev

Kislev

Tebet

Shebat

Shebat

)iy (of Adar Sheni) Adar

of Esther Adar Sheni

'irim Adar Sheni

Moon Day

Ejover

m Day (of Iyar)

JDay of 'Omer

loon Day

it Weeks

Bay (of Tammuz)

Tammuz

[ion Day

if Ab

nDay (of Elul)

3erviees

Jew Tear

Nisan

Nisan

Nisan

Iyar

Sivan

Sivan

Sivan

Tammuz

Ab

Ab

Ab

Elul

Elul

1

3

10

15

22

23

30

30

25

30

10

1

30

ao13

14

1

15

30

18

1

6

30

17

1

9

30

26

29

1913

Oct. 2

Oct. 4*

Oct. 11

Oct. 16

Oct. 23

Oct. 24

Oct. 31

Nov. 30

Dec. 24

Dec. 29

1914

Jan. 8

Jan. 23

Feb. 26

Mch. 11

Men. 12

Mch. 28

Apl. 11

Apl. 26

May 14

May 26

May 31

June 24

July 11*

July 24

Aug. 1*

Aug. 22

Sept. 13

Sept. 20

iinn-66741913-1914

New Year

Fast of Gedaliah

Day of Atonement

Tabernacles

Eighth Day of the Feast

Rejoicing of the Law

First New Moon Day (of Heshvan)

New Moon Day

Hanukah

First New Moon Day (of Tebet)

Fast of Tebet

New Moon Day

First New Moon Day (of Adar)

Fast of Esther

Purim

New Moon Day

Passover

First New Moon Day (of Iyar)

Thirty-third Day of 'Omer

New Moon Day

Feast of Weeks

First New Moon Day (of Tammuz)

Fast of Tammuz

New Moon Day

Fast of Ab

First New Moon Day (of Elul)

Selihot Services

Eve of New Year

5674

Tishri

Tishri

Tishri

Tishri

Tishri

Tishri

Tishri

Kislev

Kislev

Kislev

Tebet

Shebat

Shebat

Adar

Adar

Nisan

Nisan

Nisan

Iyar

Sivan

Sivan

Sivan

Tammuz

Ab

Ab

Ab

Elul

Elul

1

3

10

15

22

23

30

1

25

30

10

1

30

13

14

1

15

30

18

1

6

30

17

1

9

30

22

29

i following day.

5673is called 673 (jinn) according to the short system (p"sh).It is a perfect leap year of 13 months, 55 Sabbaths, 385 days,beginning on Thursday, the fifth day of the week, and havingthe first day of Passover on Tuesday, the third day of theweek; therefore its sign is JE>n, i. e., n for the fifth, e> forperfect (riD^>), and 3 for third. It is the eleventh year ofthe 299th lunar cycle of 19 years, and the seventeenth yearof the 203d solar cycle of 28 years, since Creation.

1912, Sept. 12—Oct. 11] TISHRI 3O DAYS 5673

CivilMonth

Sept.

1213-1415161718192021222324252627282930Oct.

123456789

1011

of theWeek

ThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFSsM

TWThFSsMTWThF

JewishMonth

Tishri

1

3456789

10111213141516171819

2021222324252627282930

SABBATHS, FESTIVALS, FASTS

New Year mB>n 'TJ N

New Year H3KTI '"ft ' 3

J Fast of Gedaliah

Day of Atonement "I1Q3 DV

Tabernacles n iDDl 'K

Tabernacles n iDDl '3

r-nrion bin

j The Great Hosannah. i K3i nwin1 Eighth Day of the Feast

1 rm» 'owI Rejoicing of the LawI n-nn nnotj'['nn '3D] . jnviDK.rwtm

New Moon EHn "H N

PENTATEUCHALPORTIONS

nrsna( Gen. 21I Num. 29:1-6J Gen. 221 Num. 29:1-6

Deut. 32

Ex. 32:11-14; 34:1-10

I Lev. 16< Num. 29: 7-11(Afternoon: Lev. 18

J Lev. 22: 26—23: 441 Num. 29:12-181 Lev. 22: 26—23: 44I Num. 29:12-lBI Ex. 33:12-34: 26•< Num. 29: 17-26/ Seph. 29: 17-22I Num. 29:20-281 Seph. 29:20-25j Num. 29:23-31| Seph. 29:23-28

j Num. 29: 26-34ISeph, 29:26-311 Num. 29:26-34 .i Seph. 29:29-34j Deut . 15:19—16:17INum. 29:35—30:1

Deut. 33:1—34:12< Gen. 1:1—2: 31 Num. 29: 35—30:1Gen. 1-: 1—6: 8

Num. 28:1-16

PROPHETICALPORTIONS

nnesnI Sam. 1:1—2:10Jer. 31: 2-20fHos.l4:2-10; Joel 2:I 16-17 or 27; Seph.1 Hos. 14:2-10;I Micah7:18-20j Is. 55: 6-56: 81 Seph. none

fla. 57:14—58:14I Afternoon: Jonah| Seph. add MioahI 7:18-20

Zech. 14

I Kings 8: 2-21

Ezek. 38:18-39:16

I Kings 8: 54-66fJosh.11 Seph. 1:1-9fig. 42:6-43:10Seph. 42: 6-21; 61:10;

•> 6 2 : 6

* The Book of Bcclesiastes is read.7

1912, Oct. 12-Nov. 10] HESHVAN

CiTilMonth

12

13141516171819

202122232425262728293031

Nov.

12

3456789

10

B.TOf tiltWMIC

ssMTWThFS

sMTWThFS

sMT

WTh

FS

sMTWThFSs

JewishMonth

I«ihT»n

123456789

101112131415

1617181920

2122

2324252627282930

SABBATHS, FESTIVALS. FASTS

New Moon B>in "H '3 , n j

KIM

mK> "PI

laipvsi pp lias av

['nn 'a»i .nn^inNew Moon B>in 'Tl 'N

3O DAYS [J1BTI 5673

PENTATFUCHALPORTIONS

nvens1 Gen. 6:9—11:321 Num. 28: 9-15

Gen. 12:1—17: 27

Gen. 18:1—33:24

Gen. 23:1—26:18

Gen. 25:19—28: 9

Num. 28:1-15

PROPHETICALPORTIONS

la. 66

Is. 40:27-41:16

III Kings 4:1-871 Seph. 4:1-23

I Kings 1:1-31

I Sam. 20:13-42

1912. Nov. 11—Dec. 10] KISLEV 30 DAYS [1^D3 5673

CirilMonth

Nov.

1112131415161718192021222324252627282930Dec.

123456789

10

Dayof theWeek

MTWThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFS

sMTWThFSSMT

JewishMonth

Drier

123456789

1011121314151617181920

21222324252627282930

SABBATHS. FESTIVALS. FASTS

New Moon BHn " H ' 3

j Hanukah, Feast of Dedication

t'nn'ao] .fP»

New Moon BHn '"H 'X

PENTATEUCHALPORTIONSTWBHB

Num. 28:1-16

Gen. 28:10-32: 3

Gen. 32:4—36:43

Gen. 37:1-40:23

( Num. 7:1-171 Seph. 6:22—T: 17I Num. 7:18-291 Seph. 7:18-23I Gen. 41:1-47: 17i Num. 7:24-351 Seph. 7:24-29(Num. 7: 30-411 Seph. 7:30-35j Num. 7:36-471 Seph. 7:36-41J Num. 28:1-16; 7:42-63ISeph. 28:1-15; 7:42-47

PROPHETICALPORTIONS

nnosn

f Hos. 12:18-14:10;I or 11: 7—12:1?;| or 11: 7-14:10

f Hos. 12:18-14:10;J or 11: 7—12:12;1 or Obad. 1:1-21[Seph.Obad. 1:1-21

Amos 2: 6—3: 8

Zech. 2: 14—4: 7

1912, Deo. 11-1913, Jan. 8] TEBET 29 DAYS 5673

CivilMontk

Deo

111213141516171819202122232425262728293031

Jan.

12345678

Dijof tkoWeek

wThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFSsMT

WThFSsMTW

JewishMonth

Tebet

123456789

101112131415161718192021

2223242526272829

SABBATHS. FESTIVALS, FASTS

New Moon BHn "11 ' 1

Eighth Day of Hanukah

eon

j Fast of Tebet

1 men mw Dis

mot?


nvens|Num.28:l-15;7:48-59jSeph. 28:1-15:7:48-53Num. 7:51-8: 4

Gen. 44:18—47: 27

Ex. 32:11-14; 34:1-10Gen. 47: 28—Rfl; 26

Ex . 1:1—6:1

Ex . 6:2-9: 35

PROPHETICALPORTIONSni-iBQn

Ezek. 37:15-28

(Is . 55: 6—66: 81 Seph. noneI Kings 2:1-12

I Is. 27: 6—88:13;< 29:22,23(Seph. Jer. 1:1—3:3

Ezek. 18: 25-19: 21

10

1913, Jar

CivilHonth

Jan.

91011

12131415161718

19202122232425262728293031Feb

123456

7

of theWeek:

ThFSsMTWThFS

sMTWThFS

SMTWThF

SsMTWThF

i.9-Peb.7] SHEBAT 3O DAYS 1133^5673

JewishMonth

Shebtt

123

456789

1011121314151617

181920212223

24252627282930


New Moon BHPI "\

to

PITB> nae>. n̂ >E>3

New Year for Trees HU^tA iY'T

rur

['nr»'31D],D'DSE>»

New Moon BHn "H 'N


nvtna

Num. 38:1-15

Ex. 10: 1-13: 16

Ex. 13:17—17:16

Ex. 18:1—20:23

Ex. 21:1—34:18

Num. 28:1-15

PROPHETICALPORTIONS

rmtosn

Jer . 46:13-28

1 Judges 4: 4—6: 311 Seph. 6:1-31

j Is. 6:1—7:fi;9:5, 6I Seph. C: 1-13

Jer . 34:8-22; 33:26,26

11

1913, Fet

vlTllMonth

Feb.89

10111213141516171819202122232425262728

Mch123456789

Dayof theWeek

ssMTWThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFSs

. 8-Mch. 9] ADAR 30 I

Month

Ad»r1-H

23456789

101112131415161718192021

222324252627282930


New Moon EHn 'T1 '3 ,nO1TI

|Bp onis«?n '3

tDlpiOl JDp "11B3 DV

['nn ' 3 0 ] ,D^pB> 'B .HlpB

New Moon VT\T\ "TI 'N

DAYS


J E x . 26:1—27:19I N u m . 38: 9-15

E x . 27: 20—30:10

E x . 30:11-34:85

E x . 35:1—38: 20

( E x . 38:21-40:38; 30:1 11-16

N u m . 28:1-15

[TIS 5673

PROPHETICALPORTIONS

nncsn18.68

Ezek. 43:10-27

(IKings.l8:l(or20)< -39(Seph. 18:20-39

J I Kings 7: 40-501 Seph. 7:13-26

(II Kings 12:1-171 Seph. 11:17—12:17

3913, Mch. 10 —Apl. 7] ADAR S H E N I

CiYillfnnthAOUtU

Moh

10111213141516171819202122232425262728293031Apl.

1234567

of*heVeok

MTWThFSSMTWThFSsMTWThFSsM

TWThFSsM

JewishMonth

Idarll

123456789

10111213141516171819202122

23242526272829


New Moon BHn "H '3

1 Fast of Esther1 LDnpiD] "inDK DW

TOT 'B .IV

Purlm, Feast of Esther* DniB

Shushan Purlm D'TiB JEW

.TIB 'B / 3 W

t'nn 'an] .tsnnn 'a ,rnm

Jt3p TiB3 DV

2 3 DAYS


nvena

Num. 38:1-15

Lev. 1:1—5: 36

Ex. 33:11-14; 34:1-10

I Lev. 6:1—8: 361 Deut. 36:17-19

Ex. 17: 8-16

J Lev. 9:1—11: 471 Num. 19

( Lev. 13:1—13: 69j Ex. 13:1-30

MB> T1K 5673

PROPHETICALPORTIONS

nntasn

Is.43:31-44:33

I Is. 55: 6—66: 81 Seph. none

j I Sam. 15: 3-341 Seph. 16:1-34

I Ezek. 36: lfi-381 Seph. 36:16-36

(Ezek. 45:16—4fi: 181 Seph. 45:18—46:15

•The Book of Esther is read.13

1913, Apl. 8—May 7] NISAN 30 DAYS [JD'J 5673

CivilMonth

Apl.

89

101112131415161718192021222324252627282930May

1234567

Bayof theWeek

TWThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFSSMTW

ThFSsMTW

JewishMonth

Hisan

123456789

1011121314151617181920212223

24252627282930


New Moon B H n K"N"I

Snan me ,m» nn«

f Fast of the First-Born

t Dmaa r\':vnPassover riDDT 'K( Passover, First Day of 'Omer1 riDDl ' 3

ninon "pini •JPassover riDDl 'T

Passover riDST 'PI

['nn 'ao] ,D<mp

New Moon B»"in ' 1 1 N


nrena

Num. 28:1-15

Lev. 14: 1—15: 33

Lev. 16:1—18:30

1 Ex. 12: 21-51i Num. 28:16-25J Lev. 22: 26-23: 441 Num. 28:16-25( E x . 13:1-61 Num. 28:19-25j Ex. 22: 24-23:191 Num. 28:19-25j Ex. 33: 12-34:26I Num. 28:19-25J Num. 9:1-141 Num. 28:19-25\ Ex. 13:17—16: 261 Num. 28:19-26j Deut . 16:19—16:17t Num. 28:19-26

Lev. 19:1—20:27

Num. 28:1-16

PROPHETICALPORTIONS

nnasn

II Kings 7: 3-20

( Mai. 3: 4-24 orj Amos 9: 7-15( Seph. Mai. 3: 4-24

I Josh. 3: 5-7;< 5: 2 -6 : 1, 271 Seph. 5:2—fi: 1,27j II Kings 23:1 (or 4)| -9,21-26

1 Ezek. 36:37-37:141 Seph. 37: 1-14

II Sam. 22

Is. 10:32—12: 6

f Amos 9:7-16; orj Ezek. 22:l-19(or-16)1 Seph. Ezek. 20:2 (orI D-20

* The Song of Songs Is read.14

1913, May 8—June 5] IYAR 29 DAYS 5673

OirilVonth

May

89

10111213141516171819202122232425262728293031

June12345

of tie

ThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFS

sMTWTh

JewishMonth

Iy»r

i—i

23456789

101112131415161718192021222324

2526272829


New Moon EHn "H '3

•11OK

•J'D in3

*yv nDB

•nipm

33d Day of'Omer "I»W3 £)

['nn '3D! ."I31»3

|Bp 11B3 DV


nrns

Num. 28:1-15

Lev.21:l-24:23

Lev. 25:1-26: 2

Lev. 26: 3-27: 34

Num. 1: 1—4: 20

PROPHETICALPORTIONS

nnosn

Ezek. 44:15-31

Jer. 32: 6-27

Jer. 16:19—17:14

Hos. 2: 1-22

2 15

1913, June 6—July 5] StVAN 30

Month

June

6789

101112131415161718192021222324252627282930

July12345

D&yof theWeek

FSsMTWThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFSsM

TWThFS

J 8 WlSu

Month

SiT&n

123456789

10111213141516171819202122232425

2627282930

SABBATHS, FESTIVALS. FASTS

New Moon KHn t^NI

am

Feast of Weeks JIWUBH 'N

Feast of Weeks* m r U K H '2

in nDK

['nn ' I D ] ,mp

[mpi»] jtsp IIEO DV

New Moon wm "in 's ,npn

DAYS


Num. 28: 1-16

Num. 4: 21—7: 89

1 Ex. 19:1—20: 26( N u m . 28:2K-31I Deut. 14: 22-16:17I Num. 28: 26-31

Num. 8:1—12:16

Num. 13:1-15: 41

Num. 16:1-18: 32

Num. 19:1 22:1; 28:9-15

[|VD 5673

PROPHETICALPORTIONSnrnaan

Judges 13:2-25

Ezek. 1:1-28; 3:12I Hab. 3:1-191 Seph. 2: 20—3:19

Zech. 2:14—4: 7

Josh. 2

I Sam. 11:14-12:22

Is. 66

* The Book of Ruth is read.16

1913, July 6—Aug. 3] TAMMUZ 29

OirilMonthJuly

6789

10111213141516171819202122232425262728293031Aug.

123

D»Jof theWeak

sMTWThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFSsMTWTh

FSs

JewishMonth'gflpmTJi

123456789

1011121314151617181920212223242526

272829


New Moon K>*in ""H '3

Dnra

f Fast of Tammuz1 TlDn3 "1ET HIDE? D1¥

moo

['nn '3»] MUD

Jt3p TI33 DV

DAYS [T1Dn 5673


Num. 28:1-15

Num. 22: 2—25: 9

Num. 26: 10-30:1

Ex. 32:11-14; 34:1-10

Num. 30: 2—32: 42

Num. 33:1—36:13

PROPHETICALPORTIONS

nntaen

Mlcah 5: 6—fi: ft

I Kings 18: 46-19: 21

1 Is. 55: 6—56: 81 Seph. none

Jer. 1:1-2:3

j Jer. 3:4-28; 3:4) Seph. 2:4-28; 4: 1, 2

17

1913, Aug. 4-Sept.U] AB 30 DAYS [3K 5673

Month

Aug.

456789

10111213141516171819202122232425262728293031

Sept

12

Bayof theWeek

MTWThFSSMTWThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFSsMT

J ewisflMonti

ib

123456789

10111213141516171819202122232425262728

2930


New Moon B H n 65>X")

prn 'v .on3T

Fast of Ab* 3 K 3 PWBTI D1X

lorn 'B> .pnriNi

3N3 •y&v ne>on

3py

['nn '30] . n s i

|»p 1133 UVNew Moon BHn 'Tj 'K


N u m . 28:1-15

Deut . 1:1—3:22

( D e u t . 4:25-40< Afternoon:1 Ex.32:11-14:34:1-10

Deut . 3:23—7:11

Deut. 7:12—11:25

Deut. 11:26—16:17

N u m . 28:1-16

PROPHETICALPORTIONS

nnosn

18.1:1-27

(Morning:Jer. 8:13—9:231

I Afternoon:1 la. 55:6—56:8Seph. HOB. 14:2-10

iMIcah 7:18-20

Is. 40:1-26

18.49:14—51:3

18.64:11-66:5

* The Book of Lamentations Is read.18

1913, Sept. 3—Oct. 1] ELUL 29 DAYS [̂ 1T>K 5673

CirilMonth

Sept.

3456789

101112131415161718192021222324252627282930

Oct.

1

Dayof theWeek

wThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFSsMTWThFSsMT

W

lewishMonth

Elul

123456789

10111213141516171819202122232425262728

29


New Moon* BHn "\1 '2

NXnVD

sun'3

Sellhot* nin^D^> D'D'SK'D

n"i air


nwnB

Num. 28:1-15

Deut. 16:18—21:0

Deut. 21:10—25:19

Deut. 26:1-29: 8

Deut. 29:9—31:30

PROPHETICALPORTIONS

Is. 51:12—52:12

Is. 54:1-10

Is. 60

la. 61:10-63:9

* The Sephardim say Selihot during the whole month of Elul.19

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES OF THE JEWS INAMERICA

BY LEONAED G. EOBINSON *

GENEEAL MANAGER, THE JEWISH AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL AIDSOCIETY, NEW YORK CITY

INTRODUCTION

There is a tendency to go far afield in the discussion ofagriculture as a vocation. This tendency is specially evidentin the treatment of the Jew as an agriculturist. It is arguedby some that the Jews, having been originally an agriculturalpeople, should go back to the calling of their forefathers.Others, on the contrary, maintain that since they have not beentillers of the soil for nearly two thousand years, it is folly toexpect Jews to make a success at it at this late date. Bothsides seem to overlook the fact that the only inducement toengage in agriculture or, indeed, in any other occupation, isthe individual profit and satisfaction expected therefrom. If aman can improve his condition—not necessarily financial—ona farm, it is a good reason for his becoming a farmer. If not,there is every reason for his staying away. As for the Jewishfarmer, it does not always occur to either side that he is ahuman being and is actuated by the same motives, and must bejudged by the same standards, as the average human being.

* I desire to express my thanks to Professor Morris Loeb, Mr.Cyrus L. Sulzberger, Dr. Herbert Friedenwald, and Mr. GabrielDavidson, for the revision of the manuscript and for their manyvaluable suggestions which have been freely incorporated in thisarticle.

22 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Judging from the discussions frequently seen on the subjectit might be supposed that the movement of the Jew toward thefarm is very recent; that there is a great hiatus between theJewish farmer of Biblical times and of the present day; andthat the Jewish farmer of to-day is a hothouse plant carefullynurtured by the money and efforts of his philanthropic co-religionists. As a matter of fact, there never was a time whenJews did not engage in agriculture, and this notwithstandingthe vexatious restrictions designed to uproot them from the soiland force them into industrial and commercial life. Thepresent-day movement toward the soil is merely the result ofthe removal of the restrictions that made agriculture to theJew a forbidden or a hazardous occupation.

It is true that expulsions and pogroms have necessitated theestablishment of philanthropic organizations without which itwould have been impossible to deal with the exceptional con-ditions affecting the lives of so many distracted and uprootedhuman beings. But these organizations are now constantly en-gaged in eliminating the eleemosynary element, and are actingmerely as guides, directing and encouraging those who areanxious, of their own initiative, to take up farming for a live-lihood.

For the most part, this article endeavors to relate the storyof the activities of the Jews in agriculture on the Americancontinent. By reason of the traditional ties that bind theJews of the world to Palestine; the direct relations of a variedcharacter that the Jews of the United States have with Pales-tine; and the extent to which resettlement there may in thefuture have effect in diverting the stream pouring out ofEussia, it has been deemed appropriate to open with a sketchof the colonizing undertakings in Palestine.

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES OF JEWS IN AMERICA 23

The close interrelation between the Eussian exodus and thegrowth of agricultural activities in America has also made itappropriate that an account should be given of Bussian-Jewishagriculture.

PALESTINE

In all likelihood the dispersion of the Children of Israelafter the taking of Jerusalem by the Eomans was not asthorough as is generally believed. Many Jews must haveremained in their own country, and not a few doubtless fol-lowed their customary vocations. It is therefore not onlypossible but quite probable that some Jews have always beenfarming in Palestine. Benjamin of Tudela records the findingof Jewish farming settlements in the Holy Land in 1170, andin 1481 Volterra found a settlement of about sixty Jewishfarmers at Gaza. Other travellers tell of similar discoveriesfrom time to time.

But the rehabilitation of Jewish agriculture in Palestinehad its beginning only in the latter part of the nineteenthcentury. In the early fifties considerable agitation was set onfoot throughout Europe, aiming at the return of the Jews tothe Holy Land. Cremieux, Sir Moses Montefiore, and others,devoted much time and attention to the furtherance of thisidea. In his " Diaries " Sir Moses speaks of colonizing somethirty-five families from Safed. But whether a beginning wasactually made, where this colony was located, or what becameof it, is not clear.

Nothing of a tangible nature seems to have been accomplisheduntil the Alliance Israelite Universelle was induced to takean interest in the movement. This organization was foundedin Paris in 1860, as a result of the persecutions to which the


Jews of Eastern Europe and other Eastern countries were sub-jected. Its object was to promote the general moral progress ofthe Jews and to protect those suffering from persecution. In1868, at the solicitation of several Rabbis, the Alliance sentCharles Netter, one of its organizers, to Palestine to investigatethe possibility of locating Jews upon farms. The result ofNetter's visit was the founding, in 1870, of the AgriculturalSchool of Mikweh-Israel, for which purpose the Sultan do-nated 650 acres of land, east of Jaffa, on the road from Jaffa toJerusalem. The object of this school was to train Jewishyouths as agriculturists, to form nuclei of Jewish colonieseventually to be established in Palestine. Up to October 31,1908, the number of pupils that had attended the school was857, of whom 405 were graduated after taking the full courseof seven years. The school's equipment is modern, and the in-struction is practical as well as scientific. The number ofpupils registered in 1908-1909 was seventy-eight. Graduatesof the school are to be found on their own farms in Palestineand elsewhere. Some are employed as agricultural instructorsin the colonies and in Turkish provinces other than Palestine,while those who show exceptional promise are sent to pursuepost-graduate work in the agricultural schools of France.

Contrary to the general belief, which makes Petach-Tikwahthe oldest colony, this distinction seems to belong to Mozah, asuburb of Jerusalem. Rabbi Hirsch Kalischer, of Thorn,Prussia, and other Rabbis in Europe sent out an appeal urgingthe establishment of agricultural colonies in Palestine, with aview to improving the condition of the Jews living in thatcountry. Funds were collected, 127 acres of land were bought,and in 1873 several families were placed thereon. These pion-eers had a hard struggle for existence, but to-day the little


settlement is in a flourishing condition, and its members arechiefly engaged in viticulture, and in truck farming for theJerusalem market.

The year 1878 saw the founding of the largest and the mostprosperous of the Palestinian colonies. Several Jewish resi-dents of Jerusalem bought a tract of land of 767 acres, about sixmiles north of Jaffa, and named the settlement Petach-Tikwah.A part of the land was low, marshy, and malarial, and most ofthe colonists were attacked by fever, and obliged to leave. Butin 1883 the Society Hovevei Zion of Odessa placed a fewRussian immigrants from Bielistock on the abandoned land.Profiting by the experience of the former colonists, the housesof the new settlers were built on higher and healthier ground.This proved more successful, and many of these settlers, ortheir children, are still cultivating their original holdings.

Thus far the motives for Jewish colonization in Palestinewere, on the one hand, economic—the encouragement of thepoverty-stricken and dependent Jews in the cities of Palestineto become self-supporting and self-respecting—and, on theother, religious. Neither of these motives seems to have beensufficiently strong to exercise a perceptible influence on Jewishagriculture in the Holy Land. The impetus to Jewish coloniza-tion in Palestine and elsewhere was given by the renewed out-break of persecution and lawlessness that raged in Eussia inthe early eighties. A general exodus took place. The border-ing countries were overrun with destitute refugees having noobjective point. Soon a wave of nationalism swept over Euro-pean Jewry, and the cry went forth that the only salvationfor the Jew was to return to the land of his forefathers. Dr.Pinsker's " Auto Emancipation " and other books and articlesfavoring that course made their appearance. The agitation


gained momentum. Committees were organized in nearlyevery centre in Europe, and funds were collected for the cause.The Alliance Israelite Universelle had no faith in the move-ment, and showed little interest in it. Yet the tide wasstrong, and many refugees, with or without assistance or en-couragement from their more fortunate brethren, emigrated toPalestine with the object of establishing themselves as tillersof the soil. But the greatest impetus to Palestinian coloniza-tion has arisen as the result of the modern Zionist movementorganized by Dr. Theodor Herzl in 1896.

The first of the colonies to be founded as a result of theconditions just described was Rishon-le-Zion. In 1882 severalRussian refugees from Moghileff, led by Hirsch Leventin,bought land about six miles south of Jaffa, on the road fromJaffa to Gaza, The same year saw the founding of the colonyWady-el-Chanin two miles away, also by Russian Jews, and ofthe colonies of Sammarin (Zichron-Jakob) in Samaria and ofRosh-Pina in Galilee by Roumanian Jews. About one hun-dred students from Russian universities came the same year towork as farm laborers. These students were members of anorganization called " Bilu," which word is made up of theinitial letters of the Hebrew phrase meaning " come let us goto the house of Jacob." They eventually founded the colony ofHedera.

In 1883 some Russian immigrants founded the colony ofYessod-Hamaaleh in Galilee. These colonists, like those whopreceded them, were chiefly merchants and mechanics. Theyhad no knowledge of agriculture, and what little money theyhad was soon lost in their venture. The economic situationof this settlement as well as that of the other Palestiniancolonies at that time became extremely precarious. But the


colonists of Yessod-Hamaaleh enlisted the interest of theHovevei Zion of Eussia, and a committee of two was sent toParis, who induced Baron Edmond de Eothschild to come tothe assistance of this colony.

The first step taken by Baron Rothschild was to build anirrigation plant in Yessod-Hamaaleh, using Lake Huleh as areservoir. He also planted a nursery garden, and encouragedthe cultivation of roses, which has since become its chiefindustry. These are distilled into attar of roses in a perfumedistillery Baron Eothschild erected. He also came to the assist-ance of the other colonies, and it was due largely to his gener-osity that they survived. In Eishon-le-Zion he undertook thedevelopment of viticulture on a large scale. To prevent phyllox-era, American vine stocks were imported, on which Frenchshoots were grafted. A large wine cellar was erected, modernequipment was installed for the manufacture of wine, andexperts from France were sent to assist in the development ofPalestinian wine growing and the making of wines and cognacs.It took ten years, and it cost Baron Eothschild millions offrancs, to bring Palestinian viticulture to its present state ofdevelopment. Mulberry trees for the culture of the silk-wormand fruit trees, such as almonds, figs, and citrus fruit, werealso planted in this and other colonies.

Baron Eothschild also took the colony Sammarin under hisprotection, and renamed it Zichron-Jakob, after his father.There, too, he planted a nursery garden, erected a wine cellar,and a steam flour mill. Expert agriculturists were also sent toEosh-Pina to plant fruit trees, especially of the citrus variety,besides olives and almonds. In 1884 Baron Eothschild boughta tract of land in Ekron, and named the colony Mazkeret-Bathya, after his mother. Petach-Tikwah was taken in hand in


1887. He planted eucalyptus trees around the marshes toeradicate the malaria, and with the improvement of sanitaryconditions, this colony grew rapidly, and is now the largest andmost flourishing of Palestinian colonies.

Baron Eothschild's effective interest in Palestine served topreserve the existing colonies. But the influence of his activityextended beyond the colonies which he had founded or assisted.Newly established organizations, having as their object thedevelopment of Palestinian agriculture, began to buy land forcolonization. Hedera and Kefar-Saba were established by theEzra, a German society founded in 1884 with the object ofestablishing Jewish farm laborers in the colonies upon farmsof their own. Kinneret was founded by the Palestine LandDevelopment Company of England, and Merhawya by the ErezYisroel Siedlungsgesellschaft of Cologne. Colonies were alsoestablished by immigrants independently and without assist-ance from any source. Rehobot, for example, was founded byimmigrants from Warsaw, and Artuf by Bulgarians. Ameasure of the interest in Palestinian colonization may begathered from the fact that between the years 1883 and 1896twenty-two colonies were founded.

In 1896 the Jewish Colonization Association (ICA), uponthe urgent solicitation of Baron Eothschild, began loaningmoney to colonists in Palestine. The following year it bought4400 acres of land in Galilee, on which the colony of Sedjerawas founded, and farm laborers from other colonies were placedthereon as tenants. In 1910 Baron Rothschild, wishing toperpetuate his work through a permanent organization,turned over the affairs of his colonies in Palestine to the ICA.

From the very first, this organization gradually withdrewpaternal supervision from the colonies, and used every effort to


place their affairs in the hands of local bodies and make theindividual colonists self-governing and independent. A strik-ing illustration of the effect of this action was the organization,in 1906, of the Societe Cooperative de Vignerons (WineGrowers Association) to which organization the ICA turnedover the wine-cellars of Eishon-le-Zion and Zichron-Jakob.These cellars had been conducted by Baron Rothschild at aconsiderable annual loss. The cooperative association not onlybrought better net results to the wine growers, but was able in1911 to pay to Baron Rothschild 450,000 francs on account ofits indebtedness to him. The Jewish Colonization Association,besides lending its moral and financial assistance in the way ofloans to the existing colonies, owns considerable land in variousparts of Palestine, on which it employs Jewish farm laborers.After a period of probation farms are rented to them, and theyare subsequently established upon farms of their own.

In accordance with the figures given by the Zionist organiza-tion, the number of Jewish agricultural colonies in Palestinein 1911, was forty-one, comprising a population of about 9500souls and occupying 79,072 acres of land. Following is a tablegiving the names of the colonies, date of foundation, area, andpopulation; also the gross income of each colony for the year1910, when obtainable. (For Table, see p. 30.)

In addition to these colonies, considerable land is held byBaron Rothschild, the Jewish Colonization Association, thePalestine Land Development Company of London, the GeulahSociety of Odessa, the Agudath Netaim of Jaffa, theHoachooza Society of St. Louis, and a number of public-spirited individuals, with a view to future settlement.

The economic situation of the Jewish colonies in Palestinehas improved from year to year. The figures given in the


Name Year Area Population Gross income

I. JTJDEAMikweh-IsraelMozahPetach-TikwahKatraKiuhon-le-ZionWady-el-ChaninJehudieEkron (M azkeret-Battaya)KastiniehRehobotArtufBen-SchamenBir-JakobAin-GanimHulda

II. SAMARIAZichron-JakobUm-el-DschemalSchwejaHederaKefar-SabaAtlitHefzfbahTantura

1870187318781882188218821883188418881890189619081B0719081909

1882188918911891189418971905

III . GALII/EERosh-PinaYessod-Hamaaleh...Mishmar-Hayarden .Ain- SeitunMetulaSedjeraSfahanayimMilhamieMes'chaYamraaKinneretDelakaiMizpahDag-aniaMigdalMerhawyaPoreah

18821883189018911896189918991903190219021908

IV. T R A N S J O R D A N I ABene Jehud a

19081909191019111911

1888

Hectares*226

692275

6001180285

121275

560130046021020066

182

18W253851

2760635460200

40

380091023050913601850100

13509002750650

'360320450900350

316

15028

1600150100020015300150eon601007010040

10008060

3003050816

80030010020310200100100200400

4080

10010030

83

Francst

466,97176,415

121,213

144,918

128, « 5

183,210

48,09629,91327,453

69]685

74,00070,12291,02713,300

* A hectare is equivalent to 2.471 acres.t These figures were taken from the ICA report for 1910.

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES OF JEWS IN AMERICA .31

preceding table, showing the gross income of some of thecolonies, do not truly represent the exact situation. The year1910, besides being one of severe drought, was also a sabbaticalyear, and not a few of the colonists observed it as of yore. InYessod-Hamaaleh, for example, out of thirty-two colonists,twenty-one observed the sabbatical year, and not only did theynot cultivate their lands, but even neglected harvesting theirfruits.

Many of the colonists have liquidated their debts to BaronRothschild and are prosperous. A colonist in Rishon-le-Zion,by the name of Levine, sold 5500 cases of oranges in 1910, fromwhich he realized 16,000 francs; another, by the name ofAbramovitz, distilled 20 kilos of attar of roses, which he soldat 35 francs per kilo. The area planted with oranges in thecolonies of Judea alone is about 1750 acres, representing aninvestment of over 5,000,000 francs. The grapes taken in 1910by the Wine Growers Association from the colonists in Judeaand Samaria amounted to about 1000 tons. However, viticul-ture appears to have been overdone, and the Wine GrowersAssociation has paid the cost of replacing the vineyards withfruit trees in some of the colonies, where the grapes are not ofa high quality. The Pardess (Orange Growers Association) isdoing among the fruit growers what the first named associationdoes for the wine growers. Improved farming methods arebeing adopted constantly, and wherever possible irrigationplants are constructed. Besides the cultivation of fruit, suchas oranges, as well as almonds and olives, the raising of cereals,wheat, barley, and so on, is engaged in to a constantly increas-ing extent. Some cotton is raised in Petach-Tikwah andMilhamie, but with indifferent success. In Metula, the summerboarding industry adds considerably to the income of the

3


colony. In all the colonies each settler usually has a stonehouse, a kitchen, and flower garden, besides a horse or otherbeast of burden, a cow or goat, and some poultry.

The municipal affairs of the colonies are gradually beingassumed by local elective boards. In many of the colonies thepublic utilities are owned and controlled by the colonists co-operatively. Each colony has one or more synagogues, aschool building, and some a town hall, a hospital, and otherpublic or communal buildings. In the schools the teaching isconducted, as a rule, in Arabic and Hebrew. Most of the col-onies also have kindergartens. The religious schools (TalmudTorahs) in many of them are conducted by the Freie Vereini-gung, a German society. As to agricultural education, besidesMikweh-Israel, the Jewish National Fund established, in 1911,in the colony Ben-Schamen, an agricultural school in connec-tion with the industrial school Bezalel. A number of othersocieties also conduct in the colonies educational work of variouskinds.

THE JEWISH AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION AT HAIFA

The growth of the Jewish colonies has opened the eyes ofthe world to the needs and the possibilities of Palestinian agri-culture. Men of science also have become interested in thecountry as the probable birthplace of our cultivated cereals,wheat and barley. In 1906, Aaron Aaronsohn, the son ofone of the Eoumanian pioneers of Zichron-Jakob, found,after painstaking investigation, a few ears of wild wheatgrowing on the declivities of Mount Hermon. The scientificworld hailed the discovery as epoch-making, because of itsrelation to the possibilities of dry farming in arid regions.


Meantime, the Jewish National Fund of the Zionist organiza-tion charged itself, in consequence of a resolution taken by theInternational Congress held at Basle in 1903, with the collec-tion of moneys for the foundation of an agricultural experimentstation in Palestine. Aaronsohn was commissioned to studythe question of the hybridization of wild wheat. He travelledextensively in Northern Africa and Southern Europe, andcame to America in 1910. While here, he established relationswith the United States Department of Agriculture, which tooka keen interest in his discoveries, and published a Bulletin byhim entitled "Agricultural and Botanical Explorations inPalestine."

Through the United States Department of Agriculture,Aaronsohn and his work were brought to the notice of a numberof prominent American Jews, who at his initiative established,February 18, 1910, the Jewish Agricultural ExperimentStation, a New York corporation, with Julius Kosenwald, ofChicago, president; Morris Loeb, of New York, vice-presi-dent; Paul M. Warburg, of New York, treasurer; and Hen-rietta Szold, of New York, secretary. The objects of the cor-poration, to quote from its by-laws, " are the establishment,maintenance, and support of Agricultural Experiment Stationsin Palestine and other countries; the development and im-provement of cereals, fruits, and vegetables indigenous to Pales-tine and neighboring lands, the production of new species thera-from and their distribution elsewhere; the advancement ofagriculture throughout the world, and the giving of instructionin new and improved methods of farming." The by-lawsprovide further that " the activities of the corporation shall beconducted exclusively on a scientific and educational basis,without religious, national, or political tendency of any kind."


Funds were raised by the corporation for installation andthe running expenses for a period of five years. The demon-stration fields are situated at Atlit, at the foot of Mount Carmel,on land belonging to Baron Rothschild. A sub-station, chieflyfor fruit culture, is situated in the Jewish colony of Hedera,on land offered by the colonists for the purpose. A second sub-station is being established on land donated by J. Kremenetskyof Vienna in the neighborhood of the colony of Petach-Tikwah,and other demonstration fields will be planted at Marrah, wherea twenty-five acre plot has been put at the disposal of the Stationby colonists. Recently Mr. Nathan Straus, of New York,enlarged the available territory of the Station by purchasingfor it one of the foothills of Mount Carmel, adjoining thedemonstration field at Atlit, on which pomological and re-forestation experiments are to be instituted. Through hisgenerosity a health bureau was also established in connectionwith the Station.

The Station has occupied itself since its establishment withthe hybridization of wild cereals. At the same time plantationson a large scale have been made of fruit trees, vines, mulberrytrees, various sorts of fodder, and ornamental plants. Forthe purpose of experimentation with species adapted to themany varieties of soil and climatic conditions that characterizePalestine, plants have been imported from America, fromFrance, and elsewhere.

The Station has already won the confidence of the Palestinianpublic. The Jewish colonists, to the north and the south,resort to it for advice and information, both with regard totheir plantings, and with regard to the introduction and use ofmodern machinery. Even the old-established German Templarcolonies, which have long claimed their grapes as the best


grown in Palestine, have enlisted the services of the Station toaid in the solution of difficult agricultural problems.

THE ORIENT

Outside of Palestine Jewish agriculture in the Easterncountries is relatively of little importance. The first of theJewish agricultural activities in these countries was the found-ing of the Agricultural School of Djedeida in Tunis, in 1895,by the Alliance Israelite Universelle. This school is locatedon a tract of 4500 acres of land near the city of Tunis. Thepupils are mainly drawn from the native Jewish inhabitants,and usually number about a hundred. The ICA contributestoward the maintenance of the school by paying for a certainnumber of pupils each year, as it does at the school of Mikweh-Israel.

Another agricultural school, Or-Jehouda, was founded bythe Jewish Colonization Association in 1899 in the vicinity ofSmyrna, in Asia Minor. The school is located on a tract ofabout 7500 acres.

In 1901 Otto Warburg, of Berlin, was instrumental infounding two small colonies of Roumanian Jews in Asia Minor,Sazilar and Karaya. Some of the original colonists having left,they were, in 1910, replaced by Eussian immigrants with meansof their own, who are making good progress.

On the Island of Cyprus the Ahavath Zion Society of Lon-don, composed largely of Eussian Jews from Minsk and War-saw, started three small colonies in 1897, Margo, Cholmakchi,and Kouklia. The total population of these colonies in 1910was 110.


EUSSIA

The first movement in the direction of placing the Jew uponthe soil in. Eussia was initiated by Emperor Alexander I. In1802 he appointed a commission to study the Jewish question,and upon the recommendation of that commission a plan wasoutlined for the colonization of Jews in the western and south-western provinces. The first seven colonies of Jewish farmerswere founded in 1806 in the Province of Kherson in New(Southern) Eussia. Permission was given to Jews to buy orrent land. For the assistance of those without means theGovernment contributed some 80,000 acres of land, besidespromising its financial and moral support to the enterprise.Aside from the vexatious restrictions which tended to hamperthe new colonists, they were placed upon land suitable only forextensive cultivation, for which they had neither the financialmeans nor sufficient land. The Government, too, had not keptits pledges, and many of the colonists, finding the situationhopeless, became discouraged and left. Nevertheless, by 1810,some 1690 families were to be found in these colonies. Withthe exception of 443 additional families settled in 1823, coloni-zation was practically at a standstill. An Imperial edict issuedin 1810, and another in 1823, put an end to Jewish colonizationfor the time.

In 1835 Alexander's successor, Emperor Nicholas I, madean effort to revive the movement of colonizing Jews in NewEussia on much more liberal terms. As a further inducementcolonists were relieved from taxation and from military servicefor a certain number of years, and wealthy Jews who founded acolony of one hundred persons were to be raised to the nobility.But the experience of those who had returned from the oldcolonies in Kherson was not yet forgotten, and the scheme did


not arouse much interest. The following year a commission wasappointed by the Emperor, which recommended the fertileplains of the Siberian provinces as more suitable for Jewishcolonization. About 40,000 acres of land were appropriated bythe Government for this purpose. The new project was hailedwith enthusiasm by Jewish leaders as well as by Jews ingeneral. But in 1837, before any of the plans could be carriedinto effect, another edict of the Czar recalled his former edict,and Jewish colonization in Siberia ended before it began.

Meanwhile, applications from Jews throughout Eussia forpermission to settle in Siberia had grown to a considerable vol-ume. Many of the would-be colonists, accepting the Govern-ment plan in good faith, did not wait for final arrangements tobe completed, and started on their way to Siberia. On reachingtheir destination, after travelling over two thousand miles,upon orders from St. Petersburg, they were seized and trans-ported to Kherson, where the former colonies were established,a distance of about twenty-five hundred miles. Considering themode of transportation at the time, it is easy to see what suffer-ing and hardships these helpless would-be colonists must haveundergone. Many of them died on the way; others were too illto continue their journey, and were placed in hospitals en route.Those that reached their destination were too exhausted and tooill to be fit for anything. Several thousand men, women, andchildren were left by the Government without food or shelter,and the ravages of famine and disease were appalling. Not theleast of their troubles was the maltreatment the colonists hadreceived at the hands of the Russian officials in whose chargethey had been placed.

By 1841, however, four new colonies were started, and in1845 there were in all, in the province of Kherson, fifteen


Jewish colonies, comprising 1661 families, with a population of12,779 souls. After 1849 Jewish colonists were chiefly directedto the province of Ekaterinoslaff. By 1856, fifteen colonieswere founded in this province, comprising 766 families. In theprovince of Bessarabia, nine colonies were founded between theyears 1836 and 1853. Despite the many obstacles encountered,Jewish colonization made much headway. Colonies grew upeverywhere, and Jews in large numbers also settled on indi-vidual farms in nearly every part of the Eussian Empire. Inthe northwestern provinces the colonization of Jews on Govern-ment as well as on private lands proceeded simultaneously.But in 1859 the further settlement of Jews on Governmentland was stopped, and in 1864 they were prohibited from set-tling even on private lands. Jewish colonization ceased, andthe May Laws of 1881 served not only to restrict the growthof Jewish agriculture in Eussia, but actually to decrease it.

According to official figures for the year 1870, there were inthe nine northwestern provinces a total of 216 Jewish farmingsettlements, covering over 90,000 acres and comprising a, popu-lation of 34,475. A canvass made by the Jewish ColonizationAssociation in 1898 shows the number of Jewish fanning col-onies in the northwestern, southwestern, and southern prov-inces to be 296, as follows:

Region

Northwestern ProvincesSouthwestern ProvincesSouthern (New) Russia

Colonies

1886048

296

Famil ies

2,7312,2275,592

10,550

Persons

18,60412,16532,683

63,342

Acres

66,012.631,975.6

171,390.6

269,378.6

These figures do not include the settlements in the ten Polishprovinces and elsewhere, nor the individual farmers scattered


through the Empire. The first general census of the EussianEmpire, which appeared in 1897, gives the number of Jewsengaged in agricultural pursuits as 40,611, and the number ofsouls dependent upon them for support as over 150,000, makingthe Jewish farming population in Kussia approximately 200,-000. The acreage owned by Jews in the Empire is given as6,422,684.

The economic position of the Jewish farmers in Eussia isdoubtless growing more precarious from year to year. Bad asis the condition of the Eussian peasant farmer, that of the Jewis infinitely worse. Beginning as they did with 81.1 acres perfamily, which, with the agricultural methods pursued at thattime, was hardly sufficient to give a family of fair size anopportunity to make a respectable living, the holdings of theJewish farmers constantly decreased, until the average in 1898for the entire country was as low as 23.4 acres. In the southernprovinces (New Eussia) the average is 30.6 acres; in the north-western provinces 24.2 acres; while in the southwestern prov-inces it is only 14.3 acres. This reduction was caused, in thefirst place, by the natural increase in the number of familiesin these colonies, who had to be provided for from the scantyholdings, which could not be increased either by purchase orlease, but chiefly through the action of the Government, whichfrom time to time deprived Jewish colonists of their holdingsof large tracts of Government land, on which they had beenpreviously induced to settle. In the middle of the seventies,for example, more than 89,166 acres of land, or more than fiftyper cent, was taken away from the Jewish colonists in the fourprovinces of Volhynia, Kieff, Podolia, and Tchernigoff. Evenas late as 1910, some of the colonists of Kherson were deprivedof considerable state land which they had occupied for three-


quarters of a century. Many Jewish farmers in the RussianEmpire are perforce obliged to seek other occupations, or othercountries for their agricultural activities. Not a few of thecolonists have increased their cultivable area by rental, butinasmuch as it is done without sanction of law, they are, ofcourse, entirely at the mercy of their non-Jewish lessors.

Had it not been for the activity of the Jewish ColonizationAssociation, which, in cooperation with the Central Emigra-tion Committee of St. Petersburg, organized by Baron HoraceGiinzburg, has exerted every effort to ameliorate the conditionof the Jewish farmers in Russia, their condition would havebeen intolerable. By reason of the inadequacy of the land atthe disposal of the colonists, that organization put forth everyeffort to transform the agriculture of the Jewish farmers tosuit the conditions. The ICA encourages a more intensiveform of cultivation, to develop the holdings to the best ad-vantage. In the northwestern provinces it has aided the farm-ers to go into fruit and truck farming; in the southern prov-inces into viticulture and stock breeding; and in Bessarabia andPodolia into the culture of tobacco, although the sale of tobaccoby the colonists is hedged about with many restrictions. InKherson, for example, with the help of the ICA, sixty-two newvineyards were set out in 1910, and in Bessarabia the numberof grapevines planted the same year was 240,725. In some ofthe colonies of Ekaterinoslaff, the ICA also erected irrigationsystems. The ICA likewise established nursery gardens tosupply the necessary nursery stock for the colonies, and has inits employ a number of expert agriculturists, who constantlytravel about to teach the farmers the most modern methods andto assist them in improving their condition.


The colonists are further granted loans for the purchaseof live stock and modern tools and farming implements. Theseloans are advanced, as a rule, through the Cooperative CreditAssociations, of which there are eighteen in operation, whichact as fiscal agents of the ICA in their respective locali-ties, and do various forms of cooperative work among theirmembers. The ICA also maintains five agricultural schools.Children of Jewish farmers are especially given every facilityto attend these schools. In the year 1910, the school at Minskhad eighteen pupils, that of Novopoltavka fifty pupils, Czen-stonieff nineteen, and Czenstochowa fifteen. The last-namedgives special attention to fruit growing, horticulture, andfloriculture. Another school, at Orscha, consists merely of anexperimental farm worked by the inmates of one of the orphanasylums.

With all this, the economic situation of the Jewish farmerin Eussia could not be more deplorable, and unless a radicalchange in the attitude of the Government takes place, Jewishagriculture in the Russian empire is doomed.

WESTERN BUBOPE

Jewish agriculture in the countries of Western Europe haslittle significance. There are no reports of Jews engaged inagriculture in France, Holland, or England. In Germanythere were, in 1907, according to the official census, 3746 Jewsengaged in agricultural occupations, farming, forestry, hunt-ing, and fishing. The number of Jewish landowners in Ger-many is small, and they are mainly owners of large estates.Jewish farmers in Germany are to be found only occasionallyin the West Prussian provinces and in South Germany. In


Austria, in the provinces of Galicia and Bukovina, many Jewslive in rural districts, and some own a cow or two and a gardenpatch; but an actual Jewish farmer depending upon the farmfor a livelihood is extremely rare. Considerable land is ownedand farmed by Jews in these provinces, but they are chiefly largeestates. The small Jewish landowner does not work his farm,but as a rule rents it out on shares. The same is true ofHungary and Eoumania.

In addition to the five agricultural schools in Eussia, theICA, in 1899, founded a school at Slobodka-Lesna, near Ko-lomea, in Galicia. It is located on about 2200 acres of land,and its courses are thoroughly practical in character. Besidesagriculture, blacksmithing is one of the most importantcourses. The school also established a large distillery for themanufacture of spirituous liquors. The school had fifty-fivepupils in 1910.

Another Jewish agricultural school in Europe is the Israelit-ische Erziehungsanstalt at Ahlem, in the vicinity of Hanover,Germany, founded in 1893 by Moritz A. Simon, a banker ofHanover, with an endowment of $750,000. The aim of theschool is to teach " agriculture and handicraft—two occupa-tions from which Jews, through circumstances, have been ex-cluded for centuries." The ICA contributes to its support bymaintaining a number of pupils from Eussia at the school,which up to 1905 had graduated 170 pupils.

THE JEWISH COLONIZATION ASSOCIATION

The revival of persecutions and expulsions in Eussia in 1890,and the urgent appeals to him from prominent members ofEuropean Jewry to aid in lifting the burden put upon them by


the large emigration from the affected provinces across theBussian frontier, caused Baron Maurice de Hirsch to takeprompt measures to carry out his long-considered plan ofrelieving the Jewish situation in Eussia by transplanting alarge part of its population to countries where it could liveuntrammeled by religious bigotry and political oppression.Having concluded that a new country like the Argentine Ee-public might furnish a favorable field for his ambitious phil-anthropy, he had sent, in 1890, a commission consisting ofWilliam Loewenthal, a German physician, C. E. Cullen, anEnglish engineer, and Vanvinckeroy, a Belgian colonel, to studythe agricultural opportunities afforded by that country. Theirfavorable report and the hearty approval and promise of moralsupport of the Argentine Government led him to enter uponthe statesmanlike undertaking that has established his fame forall time. To prepare the way for an orderly emigration, aCentral Emigration Committee of prominent Jews, under thepresidency of Baron Horace Giinzburg, of St. Petersburg, wassoon formed, and the sanction of the Eussian Government forthe project was obtained.

Stress of circumstances had compelled Baron de Hirsch toembark upon Argentinian colonization before his plans werefully matured. He soon saw that the many difficulties to beovercome in order permanently to carry out a scheme of suchmagnitude were beyond the capabilities of any individual, andthat the responsibility must be shared with other Jews of prom-inence and public spirit. Accordingly, in September, 1891,the Jewish Colonization Association (ICA) was organized as anEnglish corporation, with a capital of 2,000,000 pounds ster-ling, Baron de Hirsch furnishing the entire capital.


Later on he donated to this organization a much largeramount as a trust fund, of which the income alone was to beused, and upon his death he made that corporation his principallegatee. The shares of this corporation he distributed to theJewish communities of Berlin, Frankfort, Brussels, Paris, andLondon, who were to name the directors of the organization.However, responsibility for the work of the IC'A rested upon theshoulders of its founder until his death in 1896. The firstmeeting of the Trustees, or Council, of the ICA convened thatyear, and comprehensive plans were prepared, aiming at therelief of the persecuted Jews in Russia and other countries, soas to ameliorate their condition, economic, social, as well aspolitical.

Besides continuing and developing the work in Argentine,which Baron de Hirsch began in 1891, the ICA, in 1896, as wehave seen, came to the assistance of the Jewish colonies inPalestine. It also entered upon a multiplicity of activitiesof relief and education in the towns of that country. Thesame year the ICA, with the cooperation of the St. PetersburgCommittee, gave attention to the unfortunate Jewish farmersof Russia. It also initiated other work of a constructive andeducational character in the congested cities of the Pale andother Jewish centres. Almost simultaneously it extended itsactivities to Canada and to the United States, in which countryJewish immigration from Russia had assumed large propor-tions, and where Baron de Hirsch had already created anagency for his philanthropic activities by the establishment ofthe Baron de Hirsch Fund. The liberality of the ICA alonemade possible many educational institutions in the UnitedStates working for the economic independence and Americani-zation of the Jewish immigrant. It was due also to the coopera-


tion of the two Baron de Hirsch organizations—the ICA andthe Baron de Hirsch Fund—that the Jewish Agricultural andIndustrial Aid Society, which has wielded such strong influ-ence upon the agricultural activities of the Jews in the UnitedStates, was created. In fact there is hardly a country whereJews are to be found to which the philanthropic activities ofthe Jewish Colonization Association do not extend.

ARGENTINE

The Jewish Encyclopedia (article, " Agricultural Colonies inthe Argentine Kepublic") is authority for the statement thatEussian Jews had attempted to establish colonies in Argentinein 1889 and 1890, before Baron de Hirsch commenced hisgreat undertaking. But whatever their extent, these colonieswere soon absorbed by the elaborate projects of Baron de Hirsch,which, for the reasons already given, were hastily put in opera-tion with the purchase, early in 1891, of about 62,000 acres ofland in the province of Buenos-Ayres, and the founding of thecolony of Mauricio. On July 5, 1891, several hundred immi-grants were sent by way of Hamburg, and eight hundred morewere selected from some four thousand refugees who werestranded in Constantinople. By the end of the year twenty-twohundred persons had been despatched to Argentine.

Strict orders had been given to the local committees to chooseonly experienced agriculturists, but this was not found prac-ticable. The hastily formed local committees which had theselection in charge were not in a position to learn much of thequalifications of the men they were selecting, and besides wereanxious to relieve the situation and send out the unfortunaterefugees as quickly as possible. As a consequence, many errorsof judgment were necessarily made, and Argentinian coloniza-


tion suffered numerous setbacks because of the inability ordisinclination of many of the immigrants to adjust themselvesto a new economic life. However, Baron de Hirsch was not dis-couraged. He continued adding to his holdings in Buenos-Ayres, and also acquired large tracts of land in the provincesof Santa Fe and Entre-Eios. The second colony to be foundedby Baron de Hirsch was that of Mo'iseville in the province ofSanta Fe, also in 1891.

In 1894, the colony of Clara, named after the Baroness deHirsch, was founded in the province of Entre-Rios. Profitingby former experience, a change was made in the mode of select-ing the colonists, the selection being made in Russia from thosewho were actual agriculturists. Ten groups of about fortyfamilies each were sent direct from Russia to Argentine, whereeverything had been prepared for them. This brought betterresults.

The growth of Argentinian colonies, however, was slow andduring the early period numerous difficulties and obstacles wereencountered. Many of the colonists, knowing nothing of farm-ing, unprepared to bear the hardships of pioneers, and notreceiving the support from the administrators of the coloniesthey thought they were entitled to, created considerable trouble,and eventually left. Of the 1333 families established uponfarms in 1891, but 1023 remained at the end of the year. Be-tween 1892 and 1894 inclusive, 768 new families were located,but there were so many defections that at the end of 1895 only1021 colonists were left, and in 1893 the number was reducedto 833. From that time on their number increased from yearto year, so that by September 30, 1910, there were 2103 fam-ilies, aggregating 14,289 souls, besides 1205 other familiesnumbering 6826 souls, who came upon their own initiative, to


work as farm laborers. The total population, therefore, of theArgentine colonies in 1910 was 3777 families, aggregating21,115 souls.

The following table gives the names of the colonies, the prov-inces in which they are located, and their population, as of1910:

Colonies

MolsevilleClaraSan AntonioSanta IsabelLucienvilleMauricioBaron de HirschJBernasconi

Province

Santa F6Entre-Rlos ...Kntre-Kios...Bntre-Eios...Bntre-Rios • - •Buenos-AyresBuenos-AyresPampa

Population

Families Souls

78598019858673613333237

3,777

4,6655,5301,117

3353,3293,0971,7531,389

21,115

The colonies in Argentine, as we have seen, are located inthe three provinces of Buenos-Ayres, Bntre-Rios, and Santa Fe,and cover an area of over 500,000 hectares, or about 1,250,000acres. The system of settlement is a combination of the farmhomestead system which prevails in America and the villagesystem of Continental Europe. Clara, for example, is made upof some twenty villages. The total area under cultivation in1910 was 462,873 acres. One of the most important agri-cultural industries engaged in by the colonists in Argentine iscattle raising. This was made possible through the foresightof the Jewish Colonization Association, which put a very largepart of its land into alfalfa. This not only provides excellentfodder as well as pasture for the live stock of the colonists,but it is otherwise a profitable crop, as it sells at an averageof $15 (silver) a ton. The colony of MoTseville alone sold20,000 tons of baled alfalfa in 1910, besides the seed, which

4


is sold as high as 60 cents a pound. The colonists also raisewheat, flax, barley, corn, oats, tobacco, and vegetables. Dairy-ing is conducted on an extensive scale. One of the early colo-nists, who is also conducting a creamery, owns seven hundredmilch cows. Creameries are conducted in all the colonies.The cattle raising industry received a severe blow in 1909 fromthe droughts prevailing that year, some of the colonies losingas much as 25 per cent of their live stock. Nevertheless, theirstock in 1910 numbered 181,070 head, of which 98,335 wascattle, 35,380 sheep, and 47,355 horses and other beasts ofburden. They also suffered severely from a plague of locusts,which devastated entire fields of some of the colonists. Still,the damage was not irreparable, the total gross income of all thecolonies for 1909 amounting to $3,686,046.

With constant improvement in the methods of cultivation,and the experience gained by the colonists, their economicposition has steadily improved. A fair index to their soundposition is the fact that during 1910 they paid back to the ICA$538,429.43. Another proof of the vast improvement that hastaken place in these colonies is the fact that land values havealmost doubled.

In most of the colonies the homes of the settlers, in additionto the dwelling, have all the necessary outbuildings, and are sur-rounded by shade and fruit trees. Educational facilities in thecolonies are excellent. In 1910 there were fifty schools, with155 teachers and 3538 pupils. In these schools, agriculture isone of the most important courses. In addition to the estab-lished colonists, there is a class of immigrants who came to thecolonies upon their own initiative, with the intention of work-ing as farm laborers among their farm-owning coreligionists.During the season their earnings are as high as $5 a day,


although, in the winter many of them are obliged to go toBuenos-Ayres or other cities to earn a living. The ICA haslooked after the interests of these immigrants and in the col-onies has built houses for them, which are rented at a nominalprice. Those who show satisfactory progress and prove to becapable workers are eventually placed as independent colonistson the same terms as the older ones.

The colonists have imbibed the spirit of cooperation andself-help. Loan societies, which are also engaged in cooperativepurchasing and other forms of self-help, have accomplishedmuch for the advancement of the colonists. The purchasesmade through the Mutua Agricola, the cooperative society ofMoiiseville, amounted in 1910 to $297,090. This colony alsohas a Ladies' Aid Society and a library. The Fondo Communal,a similar society, of the colony Clara, had in 1910 a membershipof 748. Similar organizations exist in all the colonies, andthere are in addition numerous societies of a purely literary orsocial nature.

BRAZIL

In South America the Jewish Colonization Association hasextended its activities to the southern provinces of the Republicof Brazil. In 1904 it purchased a tract of about fifteen thou-sand acres in the Province of Bio Grande do Sul, and foundedthe colony of Philippson. The settlement started with fortyfamilies, Bessarabian colonists, and it numbered, in 1910, fifty-two families, aggregating a population of 295. The agricul-tural conditions are about the same as in the Argentine colonies.

In 1909, the ICA acquired about 225,000 acres at QuatroIrmaos, in the Province of Passo-Fundo. Of this land about100,000 acres is in timber, and it is the intention of the ICA


to make forestry an important part of the work of colonizationon that land.

CANADA

The first Jewish agricultural colony in Canada was foundedin 1884 by the Mansion House Committee of London withfunds contributed by popular subscription. A tract of landwas bought in the district of Moosomin, 220 miles west of Win-nipeg, the capital of Manitoba, and thirty families were settledon it. Sir Alexander Gait, Canadian High Commissioner inLondon, acted as trustee. The colony, however, had but a briefexistence.

In 1892, when another wave of emigration from Eussiaswept toward Canada, Baron de Hirsch desired to assist some ofthe immigrants to settle upon farms in the Northwest Terri-tories. The Young Men's Hebrew Benevolent Society, of Mon-treal, agreed to act as agent for Baron de Hirsch in this under-taking. Government land was located in the south of the Prov-ince of Saskatchewan (formerly Assiniboia) near the UnitedStates boundary line, and forty-nine families were settled onfree homesteads of one-quarter section (160 acres) each.Friends and relatives soon joined them, and the colony grew toseventy-three families. The settlement was named Hirsch afterits founder. All the settlers were provided with houses, livestock, farming implements, and provisions for three years, at atotal expenditure of about $50,000. When the three years hadpassed, and the colonists saw that they would thenceforth notonly have to rely upon their own resources, but that they wouldbe expected to repay what they had received, they sold out alltheir chattels, and abandoned the settlement. However, othersettlers came in, and this colony, with Oxbow, 24 miles to the

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES OP JEWS IN AMERICA 51

eastward, which, was founded about the same time and isvirtually a branch settlement, contains, according to a canvassmade in 1911, forty families owning 9760 acres of land. Thevalue of their real and personal property has been appraisedat $248,050.

The next colony to be founded was Wapella, 120 mileseast of Regina, on the Canadian Pacific Railroad. This settle-ment was started in 1894 by twenty Jewish families, with theirown means and without assistance from any source. But in1901 severe crop failures involved the colonists in seriousdifficulties, and an appeal for help was made to the JewishAgricultural and Industrial Aid Society of New York, whichgranted these settlers twenty-one loans aggregating about$10,000, practically all of which has been repaid. While mostof the earlier settlers have left, those that remained havebecome excellent farmers and are well-to-do. Some of theyounger men in the colony are graduates of Canadian agri-cultural schools, and are farming according to the most scien-tific methods. This colony is on the site of a former settlement,started in 1886 by John Hepner.

Apparently little was done in the way of further settlementin Canada until 1901, when the colony of Lipton was estab-lished in Saskatchewan, sixty miles northeast of Regina. In1904 another colony, Cupar, was founded. This colony ispractically an extension of the Lipton colony, and the two arejointly known as the Qu'appelle Colony. In the same year wasfounded the colony of Bender, in Manitoba, 56 miles north ofWinnipeg. This is the only settlement in Canada where thevillage system of farming prevails, similar to that in Conti-nental Europe. These settlers are largely engaged in mixedfarming. The settlement of New Herman, in the province of


Saskatchewan, was founded the following year. This colonyis considered one of the most successful of the CanadianJewish colonies. Most of the settlers are young men, graduatesof the ICA Agricultural School at Slobodka-Lesna in Galicia.

In 1906 two new settlements were established, Trochu inAlberta and Edenbridge in Saskatchewan. Trochu is thelargest of the Jewish settlements in Canada, It is composedof 89 families and 238 souls, owning an acreage of 19,520. Theappraised valuation of both real and personal property belong-ing to these settlers in 1911 was $318,925. Edenbridge de-rives its name from the fact that the settlement is located ontwo sides of a river connected by a bridge, which is almostexclusively used by the Jewish settlers, hence Edenbridge(Yiddenbridge), or Jewish bridge. Most of the first settlerscame from South Africa, where they worked in the mines.They are energetic and successful fanners, and imbued withpublic spirit. They built a synagogue and established alibrary, and the Edenbridge Jewish Cooperative Society, whichwas recently organized, has already rendered valuable serviceto its members.

In 1908 a group of seven families settled south of Morse,in the Province of Saskatchewan. In 1911 five other newsettlements came into existence, Alsask South, Alsask North,and Eosetown in Saskatchewan, and New Hirsch and Spring-field in Manitoba. Some of the settlers in Alsask North hadfarmed on Government homesteads in North Dakota, whilethe settlers of New Hirsch were members of the Israeloffkacolony in Kherson, Eussia. Springfield consists of four dis-tinct settlements, namely, Springfield, Kilvanan, Birdshill, andPine Eidge. It is situated about fifteen miles northeast of


Winnipeg. The farmers in this settlement are chiefly engagedin truck gardening and dairying for the Winnipeg market.

The type of farming pursued by the Jewish farmers inCanada naturally varies with the locality. They raise wheat inSaskatchewan, and are engaged in mixed farming in Alberta.Gardening is the chief farming industry in Manitoba and dairy-ing in the eastern provinces. The problems encountered bythe Jewish farmers in the Canadian Northwest are similar tothose which the farmers in the Northwest of the United Stateshave to meet. The severe droughts of the last two years createda serious situation among the Jewish farmers in Canada, butwith the help of the ICA they were able to overcome this handi-cap. On the whole, the economic situation of the Jewishfarmers in Canada is on a sound foundation. According to thecensus of 1911, for the nine settlements under the supervisionof the ICA the assets of the 390 farmers aggregate a total of$1,297,531. Their liabilities at the same time were $344,106,making the net assets $953,425, or an average of $2445 perfarmer.

The educational and communal life in the Canadian settle-ments is fairly satisfactory. The Government provides ruralschools in any settlement having twelve children of school age,and school districts cannot exceed five miles square. Easyaccess to schools for the children of Jewish settlers is thereforethe rule. Beligious education is looked after by a Hebrewteacher, who is usually also a Shohet and general ritual prac-titioner. In the rural districts where the farmers are unableto provide their own Hebrew education, they are subsidized inpart by the ICA. Some of the colonies have built synagoguesin which provision has been made for libraries and recreationhalls for lectures and debates.


With the exception of the first two or three colonies, theJewish settlements in. Canada are not colonies in the same senseas those, for example, in Palestine, Argentine, or Eussia. Mostof the settlements were created by the settlers themselves, whoof their own initiative took up Government land, and whateverassistance they may have received from outside sources cameafter they had already established themselves. Besides thesegroups of Government homesteaders there are a number ofJewish farmers on purchased individual farms in the easternprovinces of the Dominion.

Until 1901 the affairs of the Jewish Colonization Associationin Canada were in the hands of the Young Men's HebrewBenevolent Society, of Montreal. They were then turned overto the Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society ofNew York, which was in charge of the ICA's Canadian agri-cultural work until 1907. Educational and other work con-tinued to be conducted by the Benevolent Society. To consoli-date the work under Canadian auspices a new committee wasformed in Montreal, known as the Jewish Colonization Asso-ciation Committee, which has since been in charge of all theactivities—including the agricultural—of the Jewish Coloniza-tion Association in Canada.

Following are the statistics of the Jewish farmers in Canadafor the year 1911:

Colonies under supervision ofthe ICA :

Western CanadaEastern Canada

Colonies not under ICA'a su-pervision

Total

No. offami-lies

39053

385

828

No. ofsouls

1281341

1860

3483

Acreage

77,9946,440

51,900

136,334

Assets

11,297,53176,720

$1,374,251

Liabili-ties

$344,10683,000

$376,106


THE UNITED STATES

The Jewish population in the United States has been esti-mated as in excess of two millions. In this it stands secondonly to Kussia, which has a Jewish population of more than sixmillions. However important and extensive Jewish immigra-tion to other lands may be, it cannot soon compare with that tothe United States. This country presents to the Jewish immi-grant far greater opportunities in every field of human en-deavor—professional, industrial, commercial, and, last but notleast, agricultural—than any other place to which fate has asyet directed his steps. It is, therefore, meet and proper that thediscussion of the Jewish agricultural movement in the UnitedStates should be detailed at length, since its importance is quiteout of keeping with the numbers engaged in it. Its significanceis mainly due to the potentialities presented and to the spon-taneity of its remarkable growth during the last decade. Or-ganized and artificial stimulus ceased at an early period, andthe movement has become one by the people. Such organiza-tions as are engaged in fostering it are only acting in thecapacity of advisers; merely lending assistance and givingdirection to it. The movement of the Jews in the UnitedStates toward the farm has gone beyond the capacity of anyorganization or any number of organizations to control. Themost that these organizations can accomplish is to follow thelead set by the immigrants themselves and to cooperate withthem as far as the means at their command will permit.

EARLIEST AGRICULTURAL EFFORTS

In the very earliest period of American history, and even asfar back as colonial days, Jews were known to have engaged inagriculture in various parts of the country. Abraham de Lyon


brought the wine and silk culture from Portugal to Georgia.Other Jews in that State were engaged in the production ofindigo, rice, corn, tobacco, and cotton. In many parts of theSouth the cotton plantations were largely in the hands ofJews. To-day the number of Jews engaged in agriculture as apastime—gentlemen farmers—and those engaged in it com-mercially, such as the planters and ranchers in the South andWest, runs into the thousands. However, they are entirely out-side of the scope of the present discussion, and we shall, there-fore, confine ourselves exclusively to the early history, trials,failures, and successes of the Jewish farmers who have taken upfarming as their life's vocation, who perform all the manuallabor, and who depend upon the farm as their sole means ofgaining their livelihood, and look upon it as their permanenthome.

ARARAT.—The first effort at planting a Jewish agriculturalcolony in the United States was made by Major MordecaiManuel Noah. In 1820 Major Noah, a Philadelphian by birth,who as Revolutionary soldier and later as Consul General atTunis had rendered signal service to his country, interested anumber of public-spirited men in a project to found a Jewishcolony on Grand Island in the Niagara River. About 17,000acres of land were purchased, and the proposed colony wasappropriately named Ararat, " a City of Refuge for the Jews."This movement, however, was premature. Jewish immigrationat that time from Eastern Europe was insignificant, and themovement died a natural death. Its remains, in the shape ofthe corner-stone of a monument placed in 1825, now repose inthe Buffalo Historical Museum.

SHALOM.—In 1837 an attempt was made by several RussianJewish immigrants living in New York, to take up farming of

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES OP JEWS IN AMERICA 57

their own initiative under the leadership of Moses Cohen.Individual farms were purchased at Wawarsing, Ulster County,New York, and the little settlement was named Shalom. Itgrew until it had thirteen families. With no knowledge offarming, with very little funds of their own, and no encourage-ment from outside, these pioneers found it impossible to existon their farms, and in 1842 the settlement came to an end.The time was not yet ripe, but the seed was not sown in vain,for Wawarsing now has a number of thriving Jewish farmers.

THE BEGINNING OF THE PRESENT MOVEMENT

The real beginning of the Jewish agricultural movement inthe United States is contemporaneous with the influx of Jewishimmigration which was set in motion by the reign of lawlessnessand persecution that swept over Eastern Europe in the earlyeighties of the last century. In 1881 a pogrom took place inKieff and vicinity in Russia, and many of our coreligionistswere obliged to abandon everything and flee for their lives.With the little ready money they had, the most they could dowas to cross the Austrian frontier, and thousands of familieswere left stranded in the city of Brody, in the province ofGalicia. The Austrian Government threatened to send thestarving refugees back unless the situation was relieved imme-diately. The Alliance Israelite Universelle came to the rescue,and assisted aboiit fifteen hundred of the refugees to emigrateto the United States. They landed without money and withoutany visible means of support, and the Russo-Jewish Committeewas hastily formed to look after them. Similar committeeswere organized in Vienna, Berlin, Frankfort, and other Euro-pean cities, the best known and the most active of which was theMansion House Committee of London.


The American Jews were ill prepared for such an influx,and it was found advisable to organize a society to take thematter in charge. The Hebrew Emigrant Aid Society of theUnited States was therefore organized, with Henry S. Henry,president; D. L. Einstein and Frederick Nathan, vice-presi-dents; Joseph Eeckendorfer, treasurer, and Julius Goldman,secretary. Among the other trustees were included manyof the leading Jews of New York and other cities. The Articlesof Incorporation of this society stated the purpose of the organi-zation to be in part " to afford aid and advice to emigrants ofthe Hebrew faith coming to the United States from countrieswhere they have suffered by reason of oppressive laws or hostilepopulace, to afford aid and advice to emigrants desiring thehelp of the society in settling in the United States upon landsof the society, or otherwise."

" Many of these people," states the report of the Hebrew Emi-grant Aid Society for 1882, " desired to become agriculturistson their own land, but the funds at our disposal were altogetherinadequate to provide largely for such colonization. In atentative way and desirous of meeting the earnest entreatiesof some anxious to be placed, we have ventured on founding acolony in Cotopaxi, Colorado, composed now of about seventeenfamilies, at an expense of $10,233.57." The same year thatsociety started another colony of sixty-seven families at Vine-land, New Jersey, involving an expenditure of about $400 perfamily. This is the well-known colony of Alliance. Thesociety also had under consideration a number of plans forother settlements of the refugees on Government land or onland to be acquired from the great railway corporations. Thesociety, however, was unable to carry all its plans into effectfor the lack of funds.


A number of the immigrants came from agricultural dis-tricts, and it was only natural that " back to the soil" shouldhave become their motto as well as that of their well wishers.A period of feverish colonization activity ensued. Colonieswere started throughout the country, from the Dakotas in theNorth to Louisiana in the South, and from New Jersey in theBast to California in the West, without any well-conceivedplan or forethought. Merchants, professional men, and stu-dents of the universities, sacrificed wealth, station, and friends,to return to a more primitive and more simple life. The resultwas a foregone conclusion.

It is needless to go into the detailed histories of the number-less colonies that enjoyed a shortlived existence during thatperiod. They all went through the same experience—a prema-ture birth, a brief struggle, and a more or less violent death.However, it is only fair to those early, though unsuccessful,pioneers to give a brief sketch of the most important of theseabortive colonies in order to discover, if possible, the reasons fortheir failures.

LOUISIANA.—The first agricultural colony of Eussian Jewsin the United States settled in 1881 on Sicily Island, Louisiana.This colony comprised a total of sixty families who came directfrom Eussia under the leadership of Herman Eosenthal, amerchant of considerable means who had preceded them. TheAlliance Israelite Universelle assisted the undertaking bygranting a loan of $2800 through a New York Committee con-sisting of Myer S. Isaacs, Julius Goldman, M. Ellinger, CharlesL. Bernheim, and Henry S. Henry. A tract of land, of about5000 acres, was purchased at $8 an acre. The colony was incharge of a local committee of New Orleans Jews, of whichJulius Weiss was chairman. Houses were built, live stock and


farm implements purchased, and the work of cultivating theland began. Others came in, and the colonists numbered 173.The settlers worked with enthusiasm and with every promise ofsuccess. But in the spring of 1882 one of the Mississippifloods swept everything away, including houses, cattle, imple-ments, and crops, and the colony became a matter of history.

SOUTH DAKOTA.—Undaunted by the experience on SicilyIsland, Herman Eosenthal took some of these colonists withhim to South Dakota, where they located on Government land.The settlement, which was in Davison County, was namedCremieux, after Adolphe Cremieux, president of the AllianceIsraelite Universelle. It was started with some twenty families,all of them with means of their own. Land was broken andseeded to wheat, barley, oats, rye, and flax. The first year theland yielded good crops, and the situation looked promising.The second year the hessian fly destroyed the wheat crop. Thencame the drought, which played havoc with the live stock. Thesettlers were obliged to mortgage their farms at excessive ratesof interest. Most of them became discouraged and left. A fewpersevered. The third year the standing crops were destroyedby the hail. Continued drought and terrible hardships drovethe remaining settlers away, and in 1885 the colony went topieces.

COLORADO.—In 1882 the Hebrew Emigrant Aid Societyof New York started a colony of thirteen families, number-ing fifty persons, on Government land in Cotopaxi, FremontCounty, Colorado, thirty-five miles west of Canon City. JuliusSchwarz, the superintendent of the colony, in his report (Oc-tober 23, 1882) said among other things, " I pronounce theagricultural colony in the Eocky Mountains a full and completesuccess, and the question whether Jews are fit to become


farmers, solved and answered in the affirmative." But thecolony was located in the arid region, and the cultivation ofthe land without irrigation was not possible. Except in thespring, when the mountain torrents became a menace to lifeand property, there was little or no water to be had. Aftermany privations the settlers dispersed, and the colony met thesame fate as the others.

OREGON.—The same year the socialist colony of New Odessawas founded in Douglas County, Oregon. The settlers, whocalled themselves " Sons of the Free," came from southwesternRussia. The colony was located in the midst of a virgin forest.The settlers planned to make a living from the sale of ties andfirewood to the railroad, which was then in process of con-struction, until they could clear enough land to put under culti-vation. While the work on the railroad continued, some of thecolonists were employed on the road. They also received highprices for whatever they could raise. But when the road wasfinished, the colonists not only could find no work, but also losttheir market. By 1888 nothing was left of this colony.

NORTH DAKOTA.-—In 1882 some twenty families settled onfree Government homesteads in Burleigh County, North Da-kota, near Painted Woods, on the Missouri River. The colonygrew to seventy-one families, numbering over two hundredsouls. But here, too, continued droughts, coupled with prairiefires in the winter of 1884-1885, wiped out everything thecolonists possessed. The Jewish community of St. Paul cameto their relief, but another severe crop failure in 1886 made thesituation hopeless. The colonists were unable to hold out anylonger and eventually gave up the struggle. Some of them,however, went farther north, and founded the Iola settlement atDevil's Lake in Ramsey County, which is to-day the oldestJewish farming settlement in the Northwest.


KANSAS.—The Jewish community of Cincinnati founded acolony in Hodgeman County, Kansas, which they named Beer-sheba. About the same time the Montefiore Agricultural AidSociety of New York foimded three colonies in the same State—Moses Montefiore, Lasker, and Hebron. In 1886 three othersettlements—Gilead, Touro, and Leeser—were started by im-migrants from Russia and Eoumania. The conditions in theKansas colonies differed little from those founded in the otherStates, and they very naturally fared no better.

SOUTH JERSEY COLONIES.—These brief sketches of thecolonies whose histories can be written only in the past tense inno way exhaust the number of unsuccessful, though earnest,efforts at Jewish colonization during the period. Numerousother colonies were started in the same and other States only tomeet a like fate. The only survivors of that period of " stormand stress" are the colonies founded in the southern part ofNew Jersey—Alliance, Rosenhayn, and Carmel—better knownas the South Jersey Colonies. These colonies are located in thecounties of Salem and Cumberland within a triangle formed bythe cities of Vineland, Millville, and Bridgeton, about thirty-five miles south of Philadelphia.

A comparison between the colonies that survived and thosethat met with disaster sheds considerable light on the causesof the failures Jewish colonization has to record. The mostobvious cause is the injudicious selection of the land. It seemsto have made little difference where the colonies were located—in a virgin forest, a malarial swamp, or an arid desert. Add tothis inadequate financing and the lack of agricultural knowl-edge and of transportation and marketing facilities, and it iseasy to see that, barring miracles, success was an impossibility.The South Jersey Colonies succeeded because the soil, climate,


and other conditions, though far from perfect, were superior tothose of the other colonies. Moreover, their proximity to Phila-delphia and New York provided them not only with a marketfor their products but also tended to keep them before theJewish public, and thus obtained for them the necessary finan-cial support to tide them over the trying periods.

We shall confine ourselves here to the early history of thesecolonies, leaving their later history and present conditions tobe treated together with the general condition of the Jewishfarmers throughout the United States.

Alliance.—The first of the South Jersey Colonies wasfounded on May 10, 1882, by the Hebrew Emigrant Aid So-ciety. It was named Alliance in honor of the Alliance IsraeliteUniverselle, which contributed the sum of $3000 toward thefounding of the colony. The first group of colonists comprisedsixty-seven families, numbering about three hundred souls.These settlers hailed from almost every city in southern Eussia,but mainly from Odessa, Kieff, and Blizabetgrad. An optionwas secured on a tract of about eleven hundred acres of land,which was surveyed and divided into plots of ten acres. Theland was completely covered by a dense growth of scrub oak andpine. The work of clearing the land and cultivating the soilbegan at once under the guidance of an experienced nativefarmer. They also proceeded with the erection of houses, andthe colonists were meanwhile lodged in three large buildings,which they humorously named Castle Garden, erected to pro-vide temporary shelter. The total cost of this, the VinelandColony, as it was then called, was $41,960.42, of which $12,-129.92 was for land and equipment, $9,897.77 for houses, andthe balance for maintenance and relief.


Meanwhile, in 1883, there was a lull in the arrival of ref-ugees, and the Hebrew Emigrant Aid Society dissolved. Itwas succeeded by the Alliance Land Trust, which was formedfor the purpose of taking over and conserving the propertyand the funds of the dissolved corporation, and to look after theinterests of the Alliance Colony. Among the trustees wereHenry S. Henry, Isaac Eppinger, Leopold Gershell, M. Mendel,Leonard Lewisohn, and the Eev. T. de Sola Mendes. TheAlliance Land Trust is still in existence, and retains its inter-ests in the Alliance Colony, although it has done no active workfor a number of years.

After the houses were completed, two of the barracks weretorn down. The remaining one was converted into a cigarfactory in order to provide the new settlers with an opportunityof earning a living until they could see some rettirns from theirland. This infant industry, established in what was practicallya wilderness, did not enjoy a long existence. It was replacedby a shirt f actory, which lasted less than a year. The hardshipssuffered by these colonists would be difficult to depict. Some ofthem had to travel with their wives and children several mileson foot to find work with non-Jewish farmers. After toilingall day they returned home as late as midnight, only to startout again in the small hours of the morning. This was thecritical period in the history of the Alliance Colony, and it wasmainly through the energetic efforts of public-spirited Jewsfrom New York and Philadelphia, notably Alfred T. Jonesand Simon Muhr of the latter city, that the colony was rescuedfrom the fate that befell its contemporaries. The timely aideventually bore fruit, and many of the colonists were enabledto make considerable progress on their farms. This broughtthe colony to the favorable attention of the Mansion House


Committee of London, which placed the sum of $10,000 in thehands of the Alliance Land Trust, making it possible to securefor the colonists deeds to their farms, -which theretofore theyhad only held under contract.

Following are the statistics of the Alliance Colony for theyear 1889:

Population (souls) 529Land owned (acres) 1400Under cultivation (acres) 889Houses 92Barns 63Horses 32Cows 59

RosenTiayn.—The history of the Rosenhayn Colony likewisebegan in 1882, when six families were settled by the HebrewEmigrant Aid Society. They set to work clearing the land anderecting houses. But in addition to suffering the many hard-ships attendant upon pioneering, the colonists soon foundthemselves without funds. Their appeals for aid did not meetwith success, and they were compelled to abandon their projectand leave the place. In 1887, however, when the success of theAlliance Colony became known, several other families repairedto Rosenhayn and contracted for some land. They continuedto live and work in the city until they could earn enough to payfor their land and start farming operations. The followingyear thirty-seven other families bought land under similar con-ditions. A large building, called " The Hotel," near the rail-road station was rented and converted into a shirt factory,where many of the colonists found employment. As the colon-ists were obliged to work away from their farms, progress wasnecessarily slow. But the colonists worked assiduously, andgave as much attention to their farms as they could.


The condition of the colony in 1889, as it appears from thestatistics for that year, shows some progress even at that earlydate:

Number of families 67Population (souls) 294Land (acres) 1912Under cultivation (acres) 261Houses 23Barns 12Horses 12Cows 14

Carmel.—In 1882, Michael Heilprin, aided by sympatheticfriends in New York, among them Jacob H. Schiff, Jesse Selig-man, and Julius Hallgarten, settled seventeen families atCarmel on lands previously occupied by a number of Germanfamilies, who had abandoned their holdings and returned toPhiladelphia. Some of the new settlers succumbed to the ordealof the first two years' privations. But these were soon replacedby more vigorous settlers from among later comers among theEussian refugees. When these had become fairly established,new arrivals began to swell the number of settlers.

The sudden death of Michael Heilprin deprived the colonistsof their best friend. Such organized support as remained wasdevoted to fostering the growth of Alliance. To avoid the im-minent danger of the settlement's failing for want of a tem-porary helping hand, an appeal was made through the Eev.Sabato Morais of Philadelphia to Baron de Hirsch, who sent$5000 for distribution among the colonists. The money wasallotted to the settlers in various amounts, in accordancewith recommendations made by Moses Klein, the agent of theJewish Emigration Society, of Philadelphia, who had beendetailed to make a thorough investigation of the needs of eachindividual colonist. The timely aid thus obtained preventedthe disintegration of the Carmel Colony.


The statistics of Carmel for the year 1889, as contained in areport made by Moses Klein, on February 17 of that year, wereas follows:

Population (souls) 286Land (acres) 848Under cultivation (acres) 247Houses 30Barns 25Horses 11Cows 11

The same year fifteen hundred acres of land were added tothe original tract of 848, and thirty-six new houses were erected,making the total acreage owned by the colonists 2348 and thenumber of houses 66. A sidelight on the economic progress ofthe colonists in 1889 is their contribution of $47 for thesufferers of the Johnstown Flood.

THE BARON DE HIRSCH FUND

The failures attending the many well-meant but not too well-directed efforts at colonization had a most depressing effect,and general interest in the agricultural movement began todecline. The ease with which our country was able to absorbthe thousands of immigrants and the capacity of these immi-grants to adapt themselves to new conditions likewise served tochill the enthusiasm of those who looked upon the land as theonly solution of the immigration problem.

In 1889 a renewal of persecution of the Jews in Eussia causedimmigration from that country to the United States to assumelarger proportions. Through the good offices of Oscar S.Straus, Baron de Hirsch, foreseeing the important role theUnited States was destined to play in the regeneration of hispeople, offered to establish a special fund of $2,400,000, the


income of which was to be applied to improving the conditionof Jewish immigrants driven from their homes through polit-ical and religious oppression. On February 12,1891, the Baronde Hirsch Fund was incorporated under the laws of the State ofNew York, with Meyer S. Isaacs, president; Jacob H. Schiff,vice-president; Jesse Seligman, treasurer; Julius Goldman,secretary, and Henry Eice, James H. Hoffman, Oscar S. Straus,of New York, and Mayer Sulzberger and William B. Hacken-burg, of Philadelphia, as the other trustees. The aims of thisnew organization were broad and comprehensive. They coveredalmost every field of human activity tending to make the Jewishimmigrants in this country self-supporting and self-respectingAmerican citizens.

After the pressure for immediate relief had been lifted, theBaron de Hirsch Fund was in a position to develop its plans forwork of a constructive character. With the creation of theFund, the agricultural movement gained a new lease of life.It took hold of the remnants of the work of its predecessors andkept them from disintegration. The encouragement of agri-culture was one of its most important activities. Under itsguidance, Jewish agriculture has made considerable progress.The Woodbine Colony was founded in 1891. Individual Jew-ish farmers were also assisted to locate upon abandoned farmsin Connecticut and other States.

THE JEWISH AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL AID SOCIETY

The object of the Baron de Hirsch Fund, we have seen, wasthe improvement of the condition of the Jewish immigrant byhelping him to adjust himself to his new environment. Theattainment of this end necessitated a multiplicity of activities.While the encouragement of agriculture was one of them, the


field of the Baron de Hirsch Fund was more comprehensive.In order, therefore, to bring the agricultural work to a higherstate of efficiency, it was deemed advisable to entrust this veryimportant task to a distinct organization. Accordingly, on Feb-ruary 19, 1900, the Jewish Agricultural and Industrial AidSociety was incorporated, with Julius Goldman, president;Morris Loeb, vice-president; Sigmund Neustadt, treasurer;and Eugene S. Benjamin, secretary. All agricultural mattersin charge of the Baron de Hirsch Fund were immediatelyturned over to the newly-organized Society. The funds of theSociety are contributed in part by the Jewish Colonization As-sociation and in part by the Baron de Hirsch Fund. In thecontribution of the latter is included a legacy of the Baroness deHirsch.

The objects of the new Society, as expressed in its Articlesof Incorporation, were:

1. The encouragement and direction of agriculture among Jews,residents of the United States, principally immigrants from Russia,Roumania, and Galicia, the removal of such persons dwelling inthe crowded sections of cities to agricultural and industrial dis-tricts, and provision for their temporary support.

2. The grant of loans to mechanics, artisans, and tradesmen, toenable them to secure larger earnings and accumulate savings forthe acquisition of homes in suburban, agricultural, and industrialdistricts.

3. The removal of industries now pursued in tenements or shopsin crowded sections of the cities, by aiding manufacturers and con-tractors to transfer their shops and business to agricultural andindustrial districts where their employees may continue to laborand acquire individual homes.

4. The encouragement of cooperative creameries and factoriesand of storage houses for canning and preserving fruit and vege-tables and making wine.

It can, therefore, be seen that the purpose of the JewishAgricultural and Industrial Aid Society at its inception was notsolely agricultural. In the course of time, however, industrial


and other matters, which had at the beginning received con-siderable attention, assumed secondary importance. The In-dustrial Eemoval Office, which was organized in 1901 as abranch of the Society, and to which was entrusted the workof the removal of immigrants from the congested cities of theeastern sea-board to interior towns, was in 1903 placed underseparate management under the direction of a special com-mittee, and in 1907 it became an entirely separate and distinctorganization. Since then the work of the Jewish Agriculturaland Industrial Aid Society has been essentially agricultural,and the Society has become the strongest influence in thedevelopment of Jewish agriculture in the United States.

LOANS.—The fundamental activity of the Jewish Agri-cultural and Industrial Aid Society is the rendering of financialassistance to those desiring to become farmers and to enablethose who are already on the farm to maintain their foothold.This financial assistance consists of the granting of loans forthe purchase of the farm, for equipment, or other urgent needs.The rate of interest charged is 4 per cent, and the principal isrepayable in easy installments. In its essentials the creditsystem of the Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Societydiffers little, if at all, from that of the Credit Foncier of Franceand other agrarian banks—purely business institutions—whichhave met with so much success in Continental Europe. Buthere the difference becomes marked. The Society's funds beinglimited, it does not as a rule make a loan where the funds areelsewhere obtainable. It rarely, therefore, makes loans on firstmortgage. Most of its loans are on second mortgage, and not afew on third and occasionally even on fourth mortgages, supple-mented sometimes by chattel mortgage or other collateral. TheSociety loans up to 75 per cent of the value of the farm, although


in special oases it has loaned even beyond the farm value. Ac-cording to its report for the year 1911 it had granted during thetwelve years of its existence 2178 loans, amounting to $1,256,-114.05. These loans were made to 1950 families, occupying1675 farms, in 27 States and Canada. The loans average $500.Considering that the security taken by the Society is mainlysubstandard, it speaks well for the Jewish farmer as a debtorwhen it is shown that the repayments during the same periodamounted to 26 per cent of the total loaned, and the losses toless than 3 per cent. The total loans of this Society outstandingin 1911 amounted to $686,657.13.

The assistance rendered by the Jewish Agricultural and In-dustrial Aid Society to the Jewish farmer is not confined to thegranting of loans. Its most difficult task is to locate the newfarmer on a farm that is suitable to his means, and answers hisother requirements. It also buys desirable farms in selectedlocalities, which it sells at cost and on easy terms. The newfarmer is frequently assisted in selecting his horses, cows, im-plements, and other equipment. A plan of work is then out-lined for him, and he is shown how to utilize each plot of landto the best advantage. Again, in order to bring within the reachof the Jewish farmer a knowledge of at least the rudimentsof his vocation, the Society entered upon a comprehensiveeducational campaign, which has aided considerably in placingthe Jewish farmer in the United States upon a solid founda-tion. In fact, the non-financial assistance rendered to theJewish farmer, whether he has had any business dealingswith the Society or not, is in some respects of greater impor-tance than the financial.

" THE JEWISH FARMER."—The first of the educationalactivities of the Society was the publication of the Jewish


Farmer, which has the distinction of being the only agricul-tural paper in Yiddish in the world. It is an illustrated maga-zine, and is published monthly. It made its first appearancein May, 1908. The aim of this paper is, to quote from thereport of the Society for 1908, " to provide for the non-Englishreading Jewish farmer expert advice on agricultural subjectsnot otherwise available; to supply him with a publication towhich he can turn for sympathy and encouragement; to furnishhim with a medium for the expression of his feelings and as-pirations ; and to bring him inspiration through keeping himin touch with his fellow tillers of the soil." The circulationof the paper is about 5000 and covers every State of theUnion and fifteen foreign countries.

ITINERANT INSTRUCTION.—A system of itinerant instructionwas inaugurated the same year. At the head of the system is theeditor of the Jewish Farmer. The most important Jewishfarming communities are visited periodically, and lectures ontimely topics are delivered by the staff of the Jewish Farmerand others. Personal visits are also made to the farmers andinstruction is thus supplemented by what might properly becalled individual laboratory or field work conducted undercompetent supervision by the farmer on his own farm. Thiscorresponds in a measure to the system of Wanderlehrer inGermany and other countries of Continental Europe. It alsocorresponds to the Farmers' Institutes conducted by the Ameri-can Agricultural Colleges, and the " Good Farming Trains "inaugurated by some of the railroads.

FREE SCHOLARSHIPS.—To make the child of the Jewishfarmer an important factor in the economy of the parental farmand to implant in him a love for the soil, the Jewish Agri-cultural and Industrial Aid Society instituted in 1908 a sys-


tern of free scholarships, by aid of which the children of Jewishfarmers are enabled to attend the special short courses offeredby the agricultural colleges of their respective States. Thesecourses are given during the winter months when the absenceof the children from the farm does not materially interferewith farming operations. The duration of the courses is fromsix to twelve weeks, and the stipend carried by the scholarshipcovers all the necessary expenses of the scholar. The scholar-ships are awarded by competition. In 1911 the number ofscholarships awarded was twenty-two, of which fourteen werewon by boys and eight by girls. Not a year passes that thescholars do not carry off some of the most coveted prizes offeredby the colleges which they attend. In the New Jersey College,for example, out of five prizes awarded in 1911 for poultryjudging, three were carried off by holders of the Society's freescholarships. The influence of these scholars on their homefarms and on the communities in which they live is con-siderable.

FARM LABOR BUREAU.—The Jewish Agricultural and In-dustrial Aid Society also organized a Farm Labor Bureau in1908. In 1911 this bureau secured positions as farm handsfor 612 Jewish young men in seventeen States of the Union.The total number placed since the inception of this activityis over two thousand. The purpose of the Farm Labor Bureauis primarily educational. Its object is to give the Jewish youngman an opportunity of learning something at least of practicalfarming and incidentally to find out for himself whether heis fit for it by inclination or otherwise. The advantages of sucha preliminary trial to those contemplating becoming farmersare obvious and this is the object of not a few of those who seeksuch employment. Some of them have some capital which


they are ready to invest in farms of their own as soon as theygain the desired experience.

The Jewish farm laborer is very much in demand. What-ever deficiencies may be his on account of his inexperience, heapparently more than makes them up by his intelligence, steadi-ness, and sobriety. He saves his money with1 a view to getting alittle farm of his own in time. He does not drink, is not quar-relsome, and attends strictly to business. To the Americanfarmer, who has had some very unfortunate experiences withthe average quality of farm labor, the Jewish farm laborer issomewhat of a pleasant anomaly.

THE JEWISH AGRICULTURISTS' AID SOCIETY OF AMERICA

Another Society established to encourage agriculture amongJews in the United States is the Jewish Agriculturists' AidSociety of America, with headquarters in Chicago. Althoughthis Society was not incorporated until 1900, its organizationdates back to October 28, 1888, when, through the efforts ofEabbi A. R. Levy, a committee was formed with the object ofhelping poor Jews to locate upon farms. The committee con-sisted of Adolph Loeb, president; Rabbi Emil G-. Hirsch, vice-president; Herman Felsenthal, treasurer; and Rabbi A. R.Levy, secretary. The committee had no permanent funds at itsdisposal. It depended entirely upon its friends to furnish themoney in each specific case when needed. In this manner someseventy families were assisted in settling upon farms in theMiddle Western States and in North Dakota, and the amountthus loaned aggregated over $35,000.

The work of looking to individuals to make the loan in eachinstance was a rather slow and difficult process. The numberof applicants for assistance also kept on increasing. It was,


therefore, decided to have a permanent loan fund, and in 1900the Jewish Agriculturists' Aid Society of America was in-corporated. To create the loan fund " Certificates of Credit,"something like debenture bonds, were offered for subscription tothe friends of the cause. These certificates are issued indenominations of $10 and upwards, and are redeemable afterten years. They bear interest at the rate of 3 per cent. The" Loan Fund " can be used only for the granting of loans toJewish farmers. The expenses of carrying on the work of theSociety is defrayed from its General Fund, consisting ofvoluntary contributions, or donations, and membership dues.The annual membership payment is $10.

The membership of the Society in 1901 numbered 67, andthe outstanding Certificates amounted to $4700. During thesame year twenty-three loans were made, amounting to $9500.Of these thirteen, amounting to $3770, were made by indi-viduals; seven, amounting to $2930, by the Society from itsloan fund; and three, amounting to $2800, by the JewishAgricultural and Industrial Aid Society of New York. Fromthe very outset this Society received the hearty cooperation ofthe New York Society, which took over, between the years 1900and 1909, a total of sixty-three loans, aggregating $30,703.15,so as to provide it with ready funds for carrying on its work.The New York Society also placed various amounts at its dis-posal for the granting of loans as the agent of that Society.

According to the last published report (1908) of the JewishAgriculturists' Aid Society of America, it had a membershipthat year of 413, and the Credit Certificates in circulationamounted to $47,215. Since 1888 it has assisted financially orotherwise over four hundred Jewish families to settle on farms,most of them on free Government homesteads in North Dakota.


Recently, however, the Society has been laboring under the dis-advantages of the lack of funds, and has, as a result, not beenvery active.

GROWTH OF JEWISH FARMING IN THE UNITED STATES

Most of the early efforts at Jewish colonization having provedabortive, Jewish farming in the United States was, as a conse-quence, practically at a standstill for a time. With the excep-tion of Woodbine, the Baron de Hirsch Fund made no attemptat founding now colonies. It confined its agricultural activityto the preservation of the South Jersey Colonies and to assist-ing a handful of individual farmers who located in the easternpart of Connecticut. With the creation of a Society devotingitself almost exclusively to agricultural work a new era wasushered in. The field of agricultural activity became nationalin scope, and to-day there is not a State in Avhich Jews cannotbe found as tillers of the soil.

To state with any degree of accuracy how many Jewish farm-ers there are in the United States is not possible. The vastextent of the country and the settling of many enterprisingJewish pioneers in the remotest sections makes the compilationof an adequate census physically impossible. However, theJewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society has, accordingto its latest statistics, come in touch with 3718 Jewish farmingfamilies, comprising an estimated population of 18,590 souls.These figures, though accurate as far as they go, are far fromcomplete and, I believe, represent not much more than half ofthe Jewish farming population in the United States. The fol-lowing table will no doubt prove interesting:


States Fam-ilies

PersonsEstimated

355

158590

3,08515155510

205170145

1015

1255

12094542065156025

13560

3,7906,460

61,155

4954535

5651050

3651085605

26130

5175190

18,590

Farms ,

713

1716

58733

11O

383326

23

181

22168

82133

106

2710

715976

12259206

106

10692

1712

15

261

3329

3,438

iEstimatedValue

of LandEstimated

"Value ofEquipmentEstimated

AlabamaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareFloridaGeorgia,IdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusetts..Michigan....Minnesota...MississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth Dakota..OhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvania.Rhode Island .South Carolina.South Dakota..TennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashington...West Virginia.WisconsinWyoming

562135243

6,3844,690

47,841288315

1,0)9343

4,9063,2604,064

488257

1,559105

2,27512,308

7,f>032,305

2031,2482,5848,1)411,201

64,98499,747

8886,0188,1511,3651,5418,989

168766

23,122163

4,5751,880

143453

6,418104

3,92422,650

7,6725,1264,320

279,616141,668

3,02£,33314,7157,086

18,11715,910

631,506244,167390,20819,5407,366

36,4782,660

108,702831,080357,028105,105

3,65461,91047,995

377,54131,760

4,638,0606,3@3,120

1,7992,489,175

559,46234,95660,072

503,28810,55618,860

893,2053,908

75,00466,0762,442

49,601264,654

2,735223,872268,448

Totals. 437,265 $22,194,335

i 2,1843,0171,272

31,63728,752

461,3822,7761,5033,8283,912

57,72232,90158,6%3,3961,6999,604

66019,976

138,26074,37417,8101,008

12,14018,36055,4866,670

804,3761,207,312

H20460,36083,9968,8479,582

102,6081,9123,360

143,1061,074

15,28318,4081,0033,150

30,342521

39,403182,846

$4,166,329

These figures are sufficient to give a fair idea of the extentof the progress made by Jewish farmers in the United States.The estimate of persons is made on the basis of five to the


family, which is a fraction below the average of the familiesassisted by the Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society.The estimate of acreage and value are based on the averagesgiven in the United States Census of 1910. In some States theacreage owned by Jewish farmers and the value of their farmswill doubtless fall below the averages given in the Census. Onthe other hand, in some States they will exceed the average.On the whole, authentic data in possession of the Jewish Agri-cultural and Industrial Aid Society indicate that the figuresgiven in the footings are about correct. Of course, only Jewishfarmers doing their own work, to whom the farm is both a homeand a means of livelihood, are included in the figures.

The number of Jewish farming families given here com-prises only those with whom the Jewish Agricultural and In-dustrial Aid Society has come in touch in one way or another,and, according to the opinion of the United States ImmigrationCommission, represents only about 75 per cent of the Jewishfarmers in the country. A fair estimate of the extent ofJewish farming in the United States would therefore be about5000 families, comprising a population of about 25,000 souls.To carry this estimate further, the number of farms occupiedby these farmers would be about 4600, with an acreage of about600,000 and a value in real and personal property of about$33,000,000. That Jewish agriculture in the United Statesdoes not depend entirely on philanthropy is indicated by thefact that the total outstanding loans of the two philanthropicorganizations engaged in this work is about $730,000, or 2.2per cent of the total valuation of the property owned by Jewishfarmers. It should likewise not be overlooked that the actualgrowth of Jewish farming has taken place only during the latterpart of the last decade.


AGRICULTURAL SETTLEMENTS

With the exception of the South Jersey Colonies and Wood-bine, Jewish farming colonies similar to those in Palestine,Russia, and Argentine are not to be found in the United States.The brief period of feverish colonization activity once over, con-certed effort ceased, and the Jewish agricultural movementassumed an individualistic character. After the disruption ofsome of the early colonies the settlers scattered all over thecountry, and some of these pioneers located on isolated farmsin various States. Here and there also, a Jewish immigrant ortwo, tired of the city, on their own initiative purchased a farmor settled on free Government land. Subsequently, relatives,friends, and others were attracted to the same neighborhood.Thus the isolated spots that these daring spirits selected, wiselyor unwisely, mark the foundation of most of the Jewish farm-ing settlements in the United States.

Beginning as they did, the growth of the settlements wasnecessarily slow. It was not always possible for the newcomersto find farms contiguous to those of their friends who pre-ceded them, and consequently the Jewish farmers, even in thesame vicinity, were more or less scattered. Gradually, how-ever, through the process of elimination gaps were closed up,and many of the groups reached a sufficient degree of compact-ness to be properly classed as settlements.

While Jewish farmers are to be found in every part of theUnited States, the most important settlements are those in NewYork, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Massachusetts in the East;Ohio and Michigan in the Middle West; and North Dakota inthe Northwest. Jewish farming settlements are also to be foundin many other States and scattered individual farmers in everyState of the Union.

6


NEW YORK.—The bulk of the Jewish farmers in New Yorkis to be found in the counties of Sullivan, Ulster, and Eensse-laer. The earliest attempt to settle in this State, as we haveseen, was made in 1837, when two or three Jewish familiesfrom New York City bought farms in Wawarsing, UlsterCounty. But only within the last few years has the Jewishimmigrant again turned his eyes to the foothills of the Cat-skills.

The counties of Sullivan and Ulster, because of their salu-brious climate, have always had a special attraction for theJew. The farms are chiefly of large acreage, and the land, as arule, is somewhat stony and hilly. It affords very good pastur-age, and is capitally adapted to dairying. When the Jewishfarmer began his invasion of this section, the markets were poorand the keeping of boarders was an economic necessity. Thisworked both ways. The farmer had to keep boarders to providea market for his products, and to raise more products to feedhis boarders. However, the coming of large hotels and board-ing houses, and the increase in the urban population in thesecounties, have provided a good market for all kinds of farmproducts, and the need of keeping boarders is becoming lessurgent. There are, consequently, many farmers who keep noboarders, and there is a decided movement on the part of thosewho do, to devote more attention to their farms. It might besaid in passing that the keeping of boarders is in no wise anexclusively Jewish institution. There is more farming and lessboarding-house keeping done on some Jewish farms than onthose of their neighbors.

Dairying is the most important branch of farming pursued.Poultry and vegetables are also favorites with these farmers.The demand for these products during the summer season by


hotels and boarding-houses exceeds the supply. As will beseen later, the Jewish farmers in these counties are groupedchiefly around Livingston Manor, Parksville, Ferndale, Hurley-ville, Monticello, Centerville, Mountaindale, Ellenville, Green-field, and Kerhonkson. The village population is another ele-ment that is rapidly increasing in these two counties. Some ofthe bustling villages, such as Centerville and Parksville, havea population almost exclusively Jewish. Each settlement hasits Jewish physician, lawyer, dentist, and druggist. In some ofthem the municipal government and school affairs are almostentirely in Jewish hands.

The Jewish farming settlement in Eensselaer County isgrouped around the village of Nassau, about twelve miles eastof Albany. This settlement has the advantage of being con-nected by trolley with the large cities of Albany and Troy,besides being within comparatively easy reach of New YorkCity by boat. The first Jewish farmer settled in this section in1894, but the actual movement of Jewish farmers thither begansome ten years ago. The land is well adapted to the raising ofcereals, fruit, berries, and vegetables. The market and trans-portation facilities are excellent. The Jewish farmers arelargely engaged in the raising of grain and in dairying, in whichthey have met with a fair measure of success. Most of thefarmers in Eensselaer County started with little or no assistancefrom any source, and some of them are now well-to-do. Thesettlement has a live local farmers' association, and was one ofthe first to organize a cooperative credit union.

Another and more recent settlement in this State is that inOnondaga County, about twelve miles from Syracuse. Thissettlement had its inception in 1907 through the purchase of afarm by one of the Jewish immigrants living in Syracuse. As


usual, relatives and friends followed, and the settlement nowcomprises some twenty families. The section is in the alfalfabelt, and is one of the best farming sections in the State. Thefarms are rather large and expensive. The principal branchof farming pursued is dairying, some of the Jewish farmershaving as many as forty or fifty cows.

There is also a large number of scattered Jewish farmersin various parts of the State. Besides, there are on Long Islandtwo settlements of dairymen, at New Lots, in the outskirts ofBrooklyn, and at Queens, near Long Island City. These dairy-men have little land. But they have large dairy herds, and do aprofitable business selling their milk in Greater New York.

NEW JERSEY.—Jewish farming in New Jersey began withthe founding of the South Jersey Colonies in 1882. Sporadicattempts in this direction were also made in other parts of theState, but they were of no particular importance or significance.

South Jersey Colonies.—In 1891, when the Baron de HirschFund was organized, it assumed the care of the South JerseyColonies. Besides loaning money to the farmers, it establishedindustries to provide employment for the non-agricultural ele-ment as well as for the farmers and their children in offseasons. The Baron de Hirsch Fund, with the financial co-operation of the Jewish Colonization Association, continuedto look after the Colonies until 1900, when all agriculturalmatters were transferred to the newly organized Jewish Agri-cultural and Industrial Aid Society. This Society continuedthe policy of its predecessor by extending financial aid to thefarmers, building factories, and subsidizing industries. It alsoendeavored to raise the agricultural standards of the Colonies,to improve their educational facilities and to provide for theircommunal and social needs. Under its management, the


paternal supervision of the Colonies has heen gradually cur-tailed; industrial subventions have been systematically re-duced, and the colonists have been encouraged, as far aspossible, to be less dependent upon philanthropic aid both intheir communal and their private life. These efforts haveborne fruit, and the economic independence of the olderColonies is practically established.

The soil around Vineland is a light sandy loam, and is welladapted for the raising of vegetables, berries, and grapes. Theearly season's crop is strawberries. Some of the Jewish farmershave as many as five or six acres in this crop, and realize asmuch as $300 per acre. Tomatoes are raised extensively, andare sold by the ton to the local canneries. The farmers find inthe Vineland Grape Juice Company a good customer for theirgrapes, although many fanners make their own wine, whichthey sell in New York and other cities for the Passover andother holidays. The staple crop in the Colonies is sweet pota-toes, which are shipped in carload lots to nearly every part ofthe United States, and which, when properly packed, commandhigher prices than the same product from other parts of thecountry.

The Alliance Colony consists of three settlements—Allianceproper, which is purely agricultural, and the villages of Normaand Brotmanville, which are largely industrial. Rosenhayn andCarmel are also more or less industrial, but axe surrounded bya number of flourishing farms. The Alliance farmers are per-haps the most prosperous of any in the Colonies. Theyemerged from their experimental stage ahead of those in thesister Colonies, due probably to their earlier start and to thefact that greater effort was expended on Alliance in its earlycareer. The progress of this colony is also doubtless due in a


measure to the object lesson furnished by the Allivine Farm,owned by Maurice Fels, of Philadelphia. This farm is con-ducted on business lines according to the most approved scien-tific methods.

Another institution which serves to promote the progress ofAlliance is the cannery conducted by the Allivine CanningCompany. It was built in 1901 by Maurice Fels in cooperationwith the Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society. Thiscannery affords a ready market for various products, and hasbeen an important factor in increasing the quantity andimproving the quality of the products raised. Another can-nery was built this year (1912) by the Jewish Agricultural andIndustrial Aid Society, on the turnpike and trolley line runningbetween Bridgeton and Millville, in the immediate vicinity ofCarmel. It provides the Jewish farmers of Carmel and Rosen-hayn with a nearer market for their products. This canneryhas been leased to an experienced canner, who conducts it as aprivate enterprise.

Two other settlements which are virtually a part of theseColonies are Garton Road and Six Points. Garton Road is twoand a half miles west of Rosenhayn. It was started by aRussian immigrant in 1888, who purchased twenty acres ofbush land near Woodruff on the Central Railroad of NewJersey. He was joined by some of his friends from the Col-onies as well as from the neighboring city of Bridgeton. Thissettlement gradually grew, and now numbers about twenty-fourJewish farmers. It is entirely agricultural. The soil is some-what better than in the Colonies, and the farmers have beensuccessful almost from the start. Six Points was started in1907 by the Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society.It bought several large farms about two miles from Brotman-


ville, and subdivided them into farms of twenty-five acres. Thesettlement numbers fifteen families.

The educational and social advantages in the South JerseyColonies, because of their comparative compactness and becauseof the interest taken in them by the Baron de Hirsch Fund andthe Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society, are prob-ably superior to those of any of the Jewish farming settlementsin the United States. The latter Society established an educa-tional bureau in 1901, which is under the supervision of acompetent director. Columbia Hall in Carmel and FranklinHall in Eosenhayn, which were built by the Society in 1902,are the centres of the social and educational life in these settle-ments. The halls are supplied with libraries, which are con-ducted by the residents, and with auditoriums for lectures,theatricals, dances, and other social functions. A similar hall,Washington Hall, was built in Garton Road, and the NormaAthletic Association, with the cooperation of the Society, is nowbuilding a club house at a cost of about $6000. In additionto the primary schools, a well-equipped intermediate school wasbuilt in Norma through the generous efforts of Maurice Fels,in which mental instruction is supplemented by manual train-ing for the boys and domestic education for the girls. Children'sgardens are also conducted by Maurice Fels in Alliance and bythe Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society in theother colonies.

Religious life in the Colonies is well provided for. One ormore synagogues are to be found in each, and Carmel recentlycompleted a handsome brick synagogue which cost about $5000.In addition to the local private teachers of Hebrew, the JewishChautauqua Society, in 1910, inaugurated a system of religiouseducation in the Colonies, under a competent Rabbi.


On the whole, it may be said that the situation of the SouthJersey Colonies is satisfactory from every point of view. " Thiscolony, or group of colonies," states the report of the UnitedStates Immigration Commission, " presents Hebrew agricul-ture in America at its best. Of the several colonies of Hebrewsstudied none shows greater apparent material prosperity, a moregeneral dependence on agriculture for a livelihood, a more in-telligent, resourceful husbandry, or a more wholesome commu-nity life, educationally, socially, or politically, in a large sense.There is no doubt that a great deal of material encourage-ment has been given, that many of the social and educationalenterprises were conceived, organized, and supported by leaderswithout the community, and that cooperative business associa-tions and marketing facilities were promoted by leaders whodo not live in the settlements; but once established the colonistshave entered into all these enterprises with some degree ofinterest and are beginning to support them. To all appearancesthe colonies near Vineland, N. J., are permanently establishedon the basis of a commercial agriculture adapted to the soil,climate, and demands of the market/'

Woodbine.—One of the first constructive acts of the Baron deHirsch Fund was the founding of the well-known Jewish settle-ment of Woodbine in 1891. After investigating sites in variousparts of the country, the choice of the Trustees fell upon a tractof land in the northern part of Cape May County, New Jersey,fifty-six miles from Philadelphia and twenty-two miles southof Vineland. A tract of 5300 acres of land was purchased at acost of $37,500. Of this area about 275 acres were laid out fora town site, and about 2000 acres surveyed into thirty acrefarms.


Woodbine, like most of that part of New Jersey, was coveredwith a dense growth of scrub oak and pine. During the firstyear the families of the settlers were left in New York untilsome land could be cleared and buildings erected. The familiesarrived in 1892 and planting began. The work done by thesepioneers was paid for by the Baron de Hirsch Fund and chargedto the cost of the farms. In this way the settlers were enabledto earn a living while improving the farms allotted to them.The cost of the farms with the improvements amounted on theaverage to about $1000. As was to have been expected, not allof the fifty families remained. The hardships were enough todiscourage the most optimistic and persevering. AgriculturallyWoodbine has not made very great progress. The soil is rathersandy and poor and requires a large quantity of fertilizer tomake it productive. There are now about thirty farmers inWoodbine, cultivating about five hundred acres.

Woodbine might be classed as an agricultural-industrialcolony. During the early period, when farming to any extentwas a physical impossibility, it was found necessary, in orderto enable the farmers and their children to make ends meet, toestablish some industries where the surplus farming populationcould find employment. The industrial activities have madebetter progress than the agricultural, and Woodbine's industrialenterprises comprise a machine-shop employing about onehundred persons, two clothing-factories employing two hun-dred and fifty persons, a knitting-mill employing one hundredpersons, besides a hat-factory and a box-factory. These indus-tries are housed in brick buildings and equipped with themost modern machinery.

In 1903 Woodbine was, by act of the legislature, separatedfrom the township of Dennis and made a separate borough.


Woodbine is unique in being the only municipality in thecountry in which all the offices are filled by Jews. It controlsits own school system and has four schools, one of which, thecentral school, was built in 1906 at a cost of $15,000. Thisborough has the distinction of having had the first kindergartenin the county. Among other public buildings there are twosynagogues, a Hebrew School (Talmud Torah), a public bathhouse, a hotel, a meeting hall, and the fire-house of the Volun-teer Fire Brigade. Here also is located the Baron de HirschAgricultural School.

The false assumption sometimes made that the industrialelement of the Woodbine settlement exists by the bounty of theBaron de Hirsch Fund, extended in order to hide the failure ofa great colonizing undertaking, is not borne out by the facts.The Baron de Hirsch Fund has performed the functions usuallyundertaken by a real estate development company, in laying outstreets, building factories, power-house, water-works, etc.; butit has sedulously refrained from eleemosynary gifts, its altru-istic purpose being expressed in the elimination of profit toitself, and in bearing all risks and administrative expenses.

Woodbine is a prosperous town with sanitary factories, suc-cessfully conducted by business men as private enterprises,while paying good wages. There are now about three hundredcomfortable homes, representing an investment of some $300,-000, practically owned by their occupants, through the opera-tions of the five local building and loan associations. The manylodges, clubs, and societies for religious and intellectual im-provement which flourish there, testify to the belief of theinhabitants in the permanency of the settlement.

Northern New Jersey.—There are a number of scatteredJewish farmers in the northern part of New Jersey, but the


most important settlements are to be found in the counties ofMiddlesex, Monmouth, and Hunterdon. These are groupedchiefly around New Brunswick, Lakewood, Freehold, andFlemington. They are comparatively new, having grown upwithin the last ten years. With the exception of the Fleming-ton settlement, which was started by the Jewish Agriculturaland Industrial Aid Society, the growth of Jewish farming inNorthern New Jersey has been spontaneous and gradual. TheFlemington settlement was started in 1906 with three families.These farmers were graduates of the experimental farm (TestFarm) the Society was then conducting on Long Island. TheSociety continued adding to its holdings and by 1910 it ac-quired thirty-eight farms, aggregating 3262 acres, at a costof $100,423.77. These were sold under contract to desirablecandidates on easy terms. Practically all the farms in thisvicinity occupied by Jews are, or were at one time, owned by theSociety.

The soil in Northern New Jersey is specially adapted togeneral farming. The farms, as a rule, are fairly large, anddairying is therefore one of the principal branches of farmingconducted. There are a number of creameries and milk depotsin the vicinity, where the farmers market their dairy products.Cereals, such as oats, rye, corn, and buckwheat, are the prin-cipal crops raised. Some of these sections are also adapted topeach growing, and have been for a number of years the leadingpeach producing localities in the State. In the Freehold dis-trict round potatoes are one of its staple products. The localmarkets in Northern New Jersey are good, and the farmers alsohave easy access to the New York market. The proximity ofthese sections to New York City, and their desirability ascountry homes, have tended to raise farm values. The farmers


in this part of the State are progressive, and almost every settle-ment has an active, wideawake local farmers' association.

CONNECTICUT.—In 1891 three Jewish families were sent bythe United Hebrew Charities of New York City to work in oneof the woolen mills in Norwich. Before the year was up theyhad saved a little money and, with the assistance of the Baronde Hirsch Fund, bought abandoned farms in the neighborhood.The following year another immigrant, Hayim Pankin, whowas working in a mill in New London, bought a farm in Ches-terfield, eight miles away, also with the assistance of theBaron de Hirsch Fund. Several Jewish immigrants were at-tracted to the neighborhood, and within a few months a settle-ment of twenty-eight Jewish families had sprung up. TheJewish farming settlement of Colchester also had its beginningin 1891. A number of Russian Jews who were working in therubber mill in Colchester bought farms in the neighborhood.In the fall of that year several well-to-do immigrants fromsouthern Russia, among them Alexis Pincus, also purchasedfarms in the vicinity. The settlement in the Hartford sectionwas started in 1905. Most of the farmers are located near thetown of Ellington, twelve miles from Hartford, with which it isconnected by trolley. These settlers came from southern Russia,and were well supplied with means of their own. They boughtmore or less expensive farms, some costing as much as $10,000.

There are now over a dozen well-defined groups of Jewishfarmers in this State. The farms vary from very cheap aban-doned farms costing in the neighborhood of $1000, to farms ina high state of cultivation with expensive buildings. Thepoorest farms are in the Berkshire region, while the best farmsare in the fertile Connecticut River Valley. In all the settle-ments dairying is the most general branch of farming pursued.


The Hartford settlement is probably the most prosperous inthe United States. In addition to the large dairy herds whichsome of the farmers keep, tobacco growing is carried on ratherextensively. It is not uncommon for a Jewish farmer to realizeas high as $6000 in one year from the sale of tobacco alone.

Professor Alexander E. Cance, of the Massachusetts Agricul-tural College, in a recent article in the Survey on the Jewishfarmers around Hartford says:

The successful founding of the Ellington community and its con-tinued prosperity may be ascribed to several causes. In the firstplace The Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society hasgreatly assisted the newcomers, not so much by actual loans as bypractical advice both in the purchase of farms and in farm practice.In fact, several farms were chosen and the price and terms ofpurchase determined upon through the instrumentality of theSociety. Owing to this timely assistance, few men paid too dearlyfor their land or made serious cultural mistakes at the outset.

The Jewish farmers in this section, according to ProfessorCance, do not suffer by comparison with their German, Swiss,or American neighbors. Their substantial buildings, modernequipment, and large dairy herds impress him that they are"commercial farmers and look for no mere subsistence only;they expect handsome returns." He adds that it does notappear "that the Jewish farmers produce less pounds peracre of tobacco or that, on the whole, the quality of the curedleaf is inferior to the average of the vicinity." He found theinvestment of the average Jewish farmer in horses, tools, im-plements, and farm machinery larger and the equipment moremodern and complete, than those of many non-Jewish farmers.

MASSACHUSETTS.—Jewish farming in Massachusetts hasbeen a matter of less than ten years. The Jewish farmers inthis State are settled around Medway and Millis, about twentymiles from Boston, and in the Berkshire Hills, in the extremewestern part.


Most of the farmers around Medway were residents of Boston,who, after saving up some money from their industrial earn-ings, decided to locate upon farms. This section, which com-prises the settlements of Medway, Millis, and Holliston, con-tains about seventy-five Jewish families. The soil in thisregion is productive, and the markets and transportation facil-ities are excellent. The fanners are chiefly engaged in generalfarming. Poultry raising and truck-gardening for the Bostonmarket are also developing rapidly. The Jewish farmers inBerkshire County are chiefly grouped around Great Barringtonand Lee. Their farms are large, some of them having an area ofthree hundred acres or more, but a comparatively small portionof them is fit for cultivation. They are stony and hilly, anddairying is practically the only branch of farming pursued.The markets are poor, and most of the farms are a considerabledistance from the railroad stations. The steep roads makemany of these farms difficult of access. A good many of thefarmers are compelled to add to their income by workingthrough the winter in the city or by cutting and hauling fire-wood ; most of the farms are fortunately well-wooded.

MICHIGAN.—The beginning of Jewish farming in the Stateof Michigan was made at a very early period. In 1882 LazarusSilbeiman, a Chicago banker, assisted twelve families to settleat Carp Lake, in Emmet County, about six miles south ofMackinac Straits. Like the other experiments made duringthat period, it had but a brief existence. In 1890 Isaac Berlinerwas assisted by the Jewish Agriculturists' Aid Society of Clri-cago to settle at Twelve Corners in Berrien County, on LakeMichigan, in the neighborhood of Benton Harbor.

The following year an attempt at founding a colony in thisState was made by sixteen families who settled in Badaxe in

AGRICULTURAL. ACTIVITIES OF JEWS IN AMERICA 93

Huron County. They called their settlement Palestine. Theland was heavily timbered, and little farming could thereforebe done. The settlers were soon in dire straits, and in 1893 theBaron de Hirsch Fund came to their aid to keep them fromstarving, but in the summer forest fires devastated the entireregion, and this colony was swept out of existence.

The same year, several other Jewish families were assistedby the Chicago Society to settle near Benton Harbor; the settle-ment has continued to grow, and now numbers about fifty fam-ilies. These farmers settled on worn-out farms, and they hadfor a time an uphill struggle; but Benton Harbor is one of themost important shipping centres for fruit in the State andmost of them proceeded at once with the setting out of fruittrees, which are now coming into bearing, and are bringing goodreturns. Besides the growing of fruit, the Jewish farmers areengaged in dairying, poultry raising, and vegetable gardening,for which the many summer resorts near the Lake furnishexcellent markets.

NOETH DAKOTA.—North Dakota appears to have been aparticular favorite with Jewish settlers, as shown by the numberof efforts at colonization and by the growth of Jewish farmingin that State. The tendency of the Jewish immigrant to takeup Government land seems to be on the increase, although someof the best and most favorably located homesteads have longsince been pre-empted.

The oldest existing Jewish settlement in this State wasfounded in 1887 at Devil's Lake, in Ramsey County, by mem-bers of the defunct Painted Woods Colony. Here they met withbetter success. Many of these early pioneers acquired con-siderable land and, with the growth of the country, becamewell-to-do. Most of them, however, have sold their land at a


profit, and are now engaged in various kinds of business in theneighborhood.

Burleigh County.—The Jewish settlement in BurleighCounty, which is the most firmly established of the NorthDakota settlements, was started in 1901. It is located abouttwenty miles from the town of Wilton in McLean County,twenty-seven miles north of Bismarck on the Minneapolis, St.Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Eailroad. In 1902 the Jewish Agri-culturists' Aid Society, of Chicago, aided a number of residentsfrom that city to settle on Government homesteads in the sameneighborhood. None of these pioneers had any funds of hisown, and few had farming experience of any kind. But withthe aid given by the Chicago Society and also by the JewishAgricultural and Industrial Aid Society of New York, theywere enabled to make satisfactory progress. Some of the set-tlers and their sons during the early period worked in theneighboring coal mines to earn money toward the equipmentof their farms and toward making the necessary improvements.At first the settlers here, as elsewhere in these regions, livedin sod-houses or in dug-outs. Later they built frame dwellingsand other farm buildings. This settlement numbers aboutfifty families.

Sulzberger Colony.—The largest Jewish settlement in thisstate is that in Mclntosh County, near the town of Ashley,about seven miles north from the South Dakota line. It wasfounded in 1904 by the settlement upon Government land of anumber of Jewish families from Minneapolis, who were ledto settle there by some of their Eusso-German friends who pre-ceded them. It was named the Sulzberger Colony in honor ofCyrus L. Sulzberger, who, at the time, was president of theJewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society of New York.


Some of these settlers also came from New York, and wereassisted to their destination by the Industrial Eemoval Office.The settlement now comprises about sixty families. The cli-mate in this settlement is milder than that prevailing in Bur-leigh County, but the land is not so rich, and it is somewhatstony. The first settlers, however, were able to locate on somevery good claims, but the late comers had to content themselveswith what was left. Though this colony has made considerableprogress, it suffered a severe setback owing to two successivecrop failures. The settlers became heavily involved in debt, andthe Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society was calledupon on several occasions for assistance to relieve them of theirheavy burdens by refunding their debts. Still, most of thesettlers have turned the corner, and the prospects, on the whole,are bright.

There are also several Jewish settlements in various parts ofNorth Dakota. The newest and at the same time the largest isBowman, in Bowman County, in the extreme southwestern partof the State. Although the settlement is only about four yearsold, it numbers some fifty families. The other settlements areStroud, in McKenzie County; Dogden, in McLean County;Leipzig, in Morton County, and Velva, in Ward County. Be-sides, there are a number of scattered farmers throughout theState. All told, there are about 250 Jewish farming familiesin North Dakota, comprising an approximate population of1200.

It is generally believed that when the land is free, littleor no money is needed to establish oneself. The new settlersfound this far from being the case. Aside from the expensiveequipment required to cultivate virgin soil, they had to havesomething to live on for two or three years until they could get


sufficient returns from their crops. Those, therefore, who werenot well supplied with funds soon found themselves in debt.Considering that the prevailing interest rate is 12 per cent,they eventually became so involved that it was difficult for themto extricate themselves. The recent crop failures brought hometo the Jewish farmers, who like the other farmers dependedlargely upon the wheat crop, that they must diversify theirfarming operations. With the help of the Jewish Agriculturaland Industrial Aid Society most of them are going into dairy-ing, which yields them an assured income throughout the year,and a failure of their wheat crops cannot affect them as seriouslyas heretofore. This helps to improve the economic conditionof the Jewish settlers in this and other States in the Northwest.

Scattered as the Jewish farmers in North Dakota of necessitymust be owing to the great distances, they nevertheless try tomaintain a certain degree of social intercourse among them-selves. This is shown by the organization of farmers' associa-tions in the three largest settlements in the state—BurleighCounty, Sulzberger Colony, and Bowman. This year the Jew-ish Chautauqua Society undertook to look after the religiousinterests of the Jewish farmers in this State by sending a Eabbi,who visits the most important settlements and ministers to alltheir religious needs.

MISCELLANEOUS.—There are Jewish farming settlements ofgreater or less importance in many other States of the Union.In Pennsylvania there are about one hundred Jewish farmers,most of them located in Bucks County, not far from theDelaware Eiver. Ohio has two distinct settlements, one in thenorthern part of the State near Cleveland, and the other in thesouthern part, in the vicinity of Cincinnati, from which citiesthe settlers were recruited.


In Wisconsin the Milwaukee Agricultural Association, ofwhich A. W. Eich of that city was the organizer, enlisted theinterest of the Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society,of New York, and with funds furnished by the latter boughtin 640 acres of cut-over timber land in Arpin, Wood County.This was divided up into sixteen farms of forty acres each, andseveral families from Milwaukee were settled. Because of thecharacter of the land the settlers were not successful and left.About six of them, however, returned last year, and reportsindicate that they are now likely to remain.

In 1910 the St. Louis Prospective Farmers' Association, anorganization of immigrant Jews in St. Louis, bought an eighthundred acre farm in Flora, Clay County, Illinois, at a cost of$48,000. Some of the members had considerable means. They

• paid down $8500, the balance remaining on mortgage. Atfirst the settlers worked the land together, but subsequentlydivided it up into eight farms in proportion to the investmentof the individual members of the association. In 1911 theJewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society made themloans aggregating $14,500 toward paying off a mortgage.

A number of Jewish immigrants settled on Government landin Perkins County, South Dakota, thirty miles from Iiemmon,the nearest railroad station on the Puget Sound Eailroad, in1908. After locating, they were financially assisted by theJewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society, but two suc-cessive years of severe drought caused a number of the settlersin that country, both Jews and non-Jews, to abandon theirhomesteads. A few, however, remained, and many of thosewho left did so only temporarily in order to work during thewinter, with the intention of returning in the spring.


In Nebraska some fifteen Jewish families also filed on Gov-ernment land in 1910 in Cherry County, forty miles fromHyannis, the nearest railroad station on the Burlington Kail-road. This land is in the arid belt, and is suitable only forgrazing. Settlement was made under the Kinkaid (DesertLand) Act, and each settler has a whole section, that is, 640acres.

Two small Jewish settlements are to be found in the State ofWashington, one in Republic, in Ferry County, in the north-eastern part of the State, and the other in Lakebay, PierceCounty, about fifteen miles west of Tacoma. The first-namedsettlement is in a former mining district. The land is not espe-cially adapted to farming, and when the mines closed and themarket for farm products disappeared, most of the settlers left.In the other settlement, Lakebay, the marketing and transpor-tation facilities are good, and the farmers are doing well. Theyare chiefly engaged in trucking and fruit growing. The settle-ment started in 1906, and numbers about twenty families.

The Jewish settlement in Wyoming is located in the easternpart of the State, about twenty miles northwest of Mitchell,Nebraska. The settlement started in 1907 when about fifteenJewish families from Pittsburg filed on Government land inthat State. The interest of the Jewish Agricultural and In-dustrial Aid Society was enlisted in their behalf by Rabbi J.Leonard Levy, of Pittsburg, and the Society loaned money tothese settlers to equip their farms. The settlement is in thesemi-arid zone. The settlers expected that a Government irri-gation project would soon be carried out, but thus far theirhopes have not materialized. The settlers are doing whateverdry farming they can, and most of them are working on theirrigated farms in the neighborhood in order to subsist. They


have displayed a great deal of tenacity, and are holding on totheir homesteads in the hope that the United States Reclama-tion Service will in time construct the " ditch " and make theirfarms valuable.

A Jewish farming settlement is also to be found in the Sacra-mento Valley, California, in Placer County, about six milesfrom the town of Lincoln. In 1909 a tract of land was boughtand divided up into small parcels of from six to eighteenacres. The little colony is run partly on the community basis.The settlers planted orange trees on most of their land, andfruit growing and poultry raising are mainly carried on.

An experiment is being made in Sanpete County, on theSevier River, Utah, by the Jewish Agricultural and ColonialAssociation, an organization of Jewish immigrants largely resi-dents of Philadelphia. The association purchased in 1911about six thousand acres of plateau land directly from the Stateof Utah. Under the leadership of Benjamin Brown and JosephMiller, the latter a graduate of the National Farm School,fifteen pioneers took possession of this land, and during the falland winter of 1911 broke up and planted fifteen hundred acresin wheat, oats, and alfalfa. The plan calls for the settlement of150 families. The entire tract is to be cultivated on a coopera-tive basis until the settlement is completed, when it will be par-celled off into forty acres for each family. It is intended tobring over the first group of thirty families after the harvestingof the first crop. Through the instrumentality of Rabbi IsaacLandman, of Philadelphia, a number of prominent Jews ofSalt Lake City were interested, and the Utah ColonizationFund was incorporated to finance the individual members whomay settle on the land of the association.


The latest Jewish farming settlement is the Ida StrausColony, named in memory of Ida Straus, who, with her hus-band, Isidor Straus, lost her life in the Titanic disaster.About twenty Jewish families of St. Louis, who formed theJewish Farmers' Association, of St. Louis, of which MichaelWittals is president, bought in the spring of 1912 a five thou-sand acre tract of land near Houston, Texas, and some of themembers have already left St. Louis to take possession of theland, erect buildings, and begin farming operations.

COOPERATION AND SELF-HELP

The most remarkable feature in the evolution of the agri-cultural movement among the Jews in the United States is thedevelopment of the spirit of self-help and cooperation. TheJewish farmers have learned the advantages of organized en-deavor, and their efforts at mutual self-help and social andeducational betterment are being well repaid.

FARMERS' ASSOCIATIONS.—The establishment of a systemof intercommunication among the Jewish farmers through themedium of the Jewish Farmer created in them a natural desireto learn something of one another. This resulted in the forma-tion of farmers' associations in many localities. From four in1908 their number has steadily increased, until there are to-dayforty-eight active and enterprising associations. These localassociations supply the cohesive force whereby the Jewish farm-ers in each section are drawn and held together. Though theassociations are primarily agricultural, they enter into everyphase of the life of the Jewish farmer. Their meetings aremade occasions for picnics, festivals, and other social gatheringsfor the wives and children of the farmers. They are lookedupon as models by the non-Jewish farmers in the vicinity.


FEDERATION OF JEWISH FARMERS.—With a number of or-ganizations composed of men of the same blood, having sufferedthe same hardships, possessing the same ideals, with interestsin common, and the same problems to solve, it was but a naturalstep that they should wish to get into closer relations with oneanother. Samuel P. Becker, a retired Jewish farmer of Hart-ford, Connecticut, started an agitation for a union of theseassociations. A meeting was held in New York City in Janu-ary, 1909, at which the thirteen associations then existing wererepresented. This resulted in the formation of the Federationof Jewish Farmers of America, with Samuel P. Becker, presi-dent; Samuel Hein, of Nassau, N. Y., vice-president; SamuelKleinfeld, of Vineland, 1ST. J., treasurer; and Joseph W.Pincus, of New York City, secretary.

In pursuance of a resolution adopted at this meeting—thefirst annual convention of Jewish farmers—an agriculturalfair and exhibition was held during the Succoth week of 1909,at the Educational Alliance, New York City, under the auspicesof the newly-formed Federation. The exhibits came from manyStates, and included fruits, vegetables, grains, grasses, flowers,butter, cheese, preserves, bread, pastry, honey, and so on.There were also educational exhibits from the AgriculturalColleges of New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Massa-chusetts. The exhibit that attracted most attention was thatof the Baron de Hirsch Agricultural School, of Woodbine, NewJersey. Exhibits were also made by the National Farm School,of Doylestown, Pennsylvania, the children's gardens in theSouth Jersey Colonies, and the patients of the Country Sanita-rium of the Montefiore Home at Bedford, New York. The in-terest created by the fair was widespread, and not less thanfifty thousand persons came to view the exhibits.


The Federation holds a convention annually in the fall, gen-erally during Succoth week, attended by delegates from all con-stituent associations. The place of meeting is usually the Edu-cational Alliance in New York City. The opening session isdevoted to a public mass meeting, at which addresses are madeby men prominent in public life. The rest of the sessions arechiefly taken up with business matters and with the discussionof problems of importance to the Jewish farmers. Marketing,improvement of social and educational facilities, and the ad-vantages of cooperation are the main topics under discussion.The Federation's influence on the economic improvement ofthe Jewish farmer and his general betterment has been marked.Among other activities it conducts a purchasing bureau,through whose agency the farmer is enabled to buy seeds, fertil-izers, implements, and other supplies at a considerable saving.Another advantage is that by dealing through the Federationhe receives liberal credit. During the spring of 1912 the pur-chasing bureau did $45,000 worth of business.

COOPERATIVE CREDIT.—The need of an adequate system ofagricultural credit in the United States has long been felt.This is especially true in the case of the new farmer. He musthave seasonal credit in order to work his farm properly. Amoderate loan to tide him over until he can market his crops,obtainable with little difficulty and at no expense, is what herequires.

The Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society recog-nized the need for this form of credit by Jewish farmers, butwas in no position to meet it. It cannot keep in sufficientlyclose touch with the farming communities to warrant its mak-ing loans of this nature. Accordingly, in 1911, it set about or-ganizing cooperative credit unions among the various Jewish


farming settlements. As a result, ten such associationsare now in active operation. Each of these credit unions raised$500 through the sale of shares to members, and the Societyloaned them, at two per cent, $1000—two dollars for everydollar of their own.

The form of organization of these Credit Unions is similarto that of the Raiffeisen Banks in Germany, upon which mostother credit banks throughout the world are modelled. Theyare controlled entirely by the members. Shares in these CreditUnions are $5 each, and the holder of one share has the samevoice and the same rights as the holder of, say, one hundredshares. Membership in the Unions is open only to members ingood standing of the local Jewish farmers' association. Theentire membership of a Credit Union constitutes the GeneralAssembly, which has the final decision on all questions. Thedirect management is in the hands of a board of directors con-sisting of the president, vice-president, secretary, and treasurer,who also constitute the Credit Committee, and are in completecharge of the granting of loans, and three other members whoconstitute the Supervisory Committee. The members of theboard of directors are not eligible to borrow except by a two-thirds vote of the General Assembly in each instance. Theloans are granted only for productive purposes or urgent needs.They are not granted for a period exceeding six months nor foran amount exceeding $100. Interest is charged at the rate of sixper cent. The security is determined by the Credit Committee,and is generally a promissory note with one or more responsibleendorsements. Initiation fees and other charges, also so muchof the net profits as has not been distributed as dividends,constitute the Reserve Fund of the Credit Unions.


It is a little early at this stage to attempt a discussion ofthese pioneer credit banks on American soil. Some of the effectsresulting from an adequate system of cooperative credit haveeven at this early date manifested themselves in the communi-ties in which these Credit Unions were established. The per-nicious activity of the local usurer has been largely curtailed.The arrogance of the local storekeeper is in evidence no longer,and the farmer is now treated as a respected customer. TheCredit Unions have endowed their members with a high senseof mutual responsibility, and have stimulated them to furthereffort in the direction of cooperation and mutual self-help.

JEWISH AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS IN THE UNITED STATES

BARON DE HIRSCH AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL.—The Baron deHirsch Agricultural School was founded in 1894. It is locatedin Woodbine, and had its beginning in the introduction ofmanual training into the public school curriculum in thatcolony. Later a series of lectures on agricultural topics wasconducted for the benefit of the farmers in the vicinity. Theinterest in these lectures was so keen that the Baron de HirschFund decided to erect a barn where the children of Jewishfarmers could learn the care of dairy animals. The first classof fifteen boys was organized in the fall of 1894. Until the fallof 1898 the school developed slowly, as it was regarded only asan experiment. Most of the pupils were children of Woodbinesettlers, but a few boys from the New York Orphan Asylumwere admitted as resident pupils. The work accomplished inthis way convinced the Trustees of the Baron de Hirsch Fundthat an agricultural school of larger scope would prove of greatbenefit, and a dormitory was erected to accommodate eightypupils. The school continued to make progress, both physi-


cally and otherwise. It is well equipped with the necessarybuildings, including a brick school building, a dormitory, amodern cow barn, nurseries, greenhouses, poultry plant, and soon.

This school has the distinction of being the first school inthe United States imparting secondary education in agri-culture. The students are of mature years, and the aim of theschool is to train them as practical farmers. The course iseither one or two years, depending upon the aptitude of thepupil. The graduates, after leaving school, have work securedfor them, upon modern, up-to-date farms in every part of thecountry, with a view to giving them further practical experi-ence in the line of farming to which they are inclined and towhich they have devoted most of their time while at school.The number of pupils registered at the school at this date iseighty, and there is a large waiting list for future registration.Between 1894 and 1912 the school sent out 891 students, ofwhom 429 completed the course and were graduated. Someof the former students have made their mark at teaching inagricultural schools, and in the service of the United StatesDepartment of Agriculture, and in similar Departments of thevarious States.

NATIONAL FABM SCHOOL.—Another Jewish agriculturalschool was founded in 1896 by Eabbi Joseph Krauskopf, ofPhiladelphia. This school was named the National FarmSchool, and is located at Doylestown, Bucks County, Penn-sylvania, thirty miles from Philadelphia.

In the summer of 1897 the National Farm School beganoperations with a class of four students, on a 125-acre farm.This farm was purchased with money raised by Eabbi Kraus-kopf by delivering lectures throughout the country, in which he


solicited money for this purpose. The lands of the school havesince grown to four hundred acres, with seventeen buildingsof various kinds. The school is picturesquely located in oneof the best farming sections in eastern Pennsylvania.

The National Farm School aims especially to afford agri-cultural training to young men who are not prepared to enterState agricultural colleges. Its course of study is outlined foryoung men of common school education. The institution issupported by private subscriptions from all parts of the countryand by annual appropriations from the State of Pennsylvania,and from the Federation of Jewish Charities of Philadelphia,and other cities. It is national and non-sectarian. Its coursecovers a period of four years; tuition, board, lodging, andclothing are free. Since 1901 the school has graduated 107students, besides it has taught a large number who attended fora year or more. Some of the graduates have made reputationsfor themselves as experts in various branches of agriculture, asinstructors in agricultural colleges, and as managers of planta-tions in the South and of fruit farms in the West, and recentlyas leaders of the Clarion Colony in Utah.

THE JEW IN THE AGRICULTURAL PROFESSION

There has been of late an increasing tendency on the partof Jewish young men to enter the agricultural profession. Thisis evidenced by the increasing number of Jewish students atthe agricultural colleges of the various States. The entrance ofJewish young men into a field in which there is plenty of elbowroom is highly significant. Although they are new in a newcalling, the records established by some of them are encourag-ing.


Jacob G. Lipman, a son of one of the first Woodbine colo-nists, a graduate of the Baron de Hirsch Agricultural Schooland later of the New Jersey State Agricultural College and ofCornell University, is Professor of Soil Chemistry in the NewJersey Agricultural College and Director of the State Experi-ment Station; his brother, Charles B. Lipman, is AssociateProfessor of Soil Chemistry and Bacteriology at the Universityof California. J. G. Levinson, a graduate of the Forestry Schoolof Yale, is Chief Arboriculturist of the Brooklyn Park Depart-ment. Joseph A. Rosen, a graduate of the University ofMichigan, is the Agricultural Eepresentative in the UnitedStates of the Zemstvo of Bkaterinoslaff, Eussia, with head-quarters in Minneapolis. Jacob Kotinsky, a son of one of theearly Woodbine settlers, a graduate of the Baron de HirschAgricultural School and of the New Jersey State College ofAgriculture, was for several years Chief Entomologist andAssistant Director of the United States Experiment Station inHonolulu. Henry W. Geller, a graduate of the MichiganAgricultural College, was Superintendent of the Baron deHirsch Agricultural School for six years. M. E. Jaffa, aWoodbine graduate, is Nutrition Expert of the California Agri-cultural Experiment Station. Bernhard Ostrolenk, a graduateof the National Farm School and of the Massachusetts Agri-cultural College, is Director of the Slayton High School inSlayton, Minnesota. Jacob G. Taubenhaus, another graduateof the National Farm School and of Cornell University, isAssistant Professor of Plant Pathology at the Delaware Agri-cultural College and Experiment Station. Maurice Mitzmain,also a graduate of the National Farm School and of the Uni-versity of California, is Chief Entomologist of the UnitedStates Department of Agriculture in the Philippine Islands.


Joseph W. Pincus, a graduate of the Baron de Hirsch Agri-cultural School and of the Connecticut Agricultural College,is Editor of the Jewish Farmer, Secretary of the Federationof Jewish Farmers of America, and is at the head of the educa-tional extension work of the Jewish Agricultural and Indus-trial Aid Society. These are by no means all the Jewish youngmen who have made their mark in the agricultural profession.

Among other Jews who, although not professional agricul-turists, have nevertheless made their influence felt on the agri-culture of the United States are: H. L. Sabsovich, an immi-grant from Eussia and a graduate of the Zurich Polytechnicum,who was Chemist at the California Agricultural ExperimentStation, Superintendent of the Woodbine Colony at its incep-tion, the first Superintendent and practically the organizer ofthe Agricultural School at Woodbine; and Bernhard Marks,an immigrant from Germany, who was the pioneer of irriga-tion in California and in introducing alfalfa into the UnitedStates. Probably the man whose influence upon the world'sagriculture has been the greatest in modern times is DavidLubin, the father of the International Institute of Agriculturein Eome and the American delegate to the Institute since itsinception in 1905.

AFTERWORD

BY MORRIS LOEB, Ph. D.

To those who have read with care Mr. Eobinson's ablereview of the various Jewish agricultural settlements, it oughtto be apparent that the Jew as a farmer is not a mere sporadicoccurrence, and that his comparative rarity is due greatly tothe conditions which for many years prevented his possessingarable lands in so many countries. If we seek a striking


historical contrast, we might compare the serf who was forciblytied to the soil, and whose descendants form the body of theagricultural population of present Europe, with the mediaevalJew who was not allowed to possess any land outside the ghettolimit, and whose descendants are now seeking to gain a footholdamong the farming population of America. There will be, inevery country that does not impose arbitrary restrictions uponthe freedom of motion of its inhabitants, a certain tendencytoward the cities and a countervailing trend toward the opencountry. This freedom of exchange must be recognized as aninherent condition of personal liberty, and if, for economic orsociological reasons, a relative increase of rural population isdesired, only such means can be adopted as will make agricul-tural life permanently attractive. No bonus system, no prom-ises that cannot be kept, no attempt to stimulate an artificialsentiment will effect a permanent settlement, any more thanit will be possible to keep a certain proportion of the childrenof the colonists from returning to the cities.

For this reason, those who try to foster agricultural tenden-cies among the Jews must seek means that do not differ inprinciple from those to be adopted in connection with anyagricultural movement. Wherever this common-sense rule isneglected, wherever colonists are planted in localities notsuitably chosen, wherever the colonists themselves are notselected with regard to their intellectual, physical, and moralfitness, wherever they are not sufficiently equipped with agri-cultural implements as well as agricultural knowledge, wher-ever they lack the means to await the harvesting of the first suc-cessful crop, the colonies are 'bound to fail; and it is the neglectof one or other of these essentials that has caused so many bitterdisappointments in the past among the innumerable agricul-


tural settlements—Jewish and others—which have been placedin so many different parts of the world during the pastfifty years. The worst mistake of all is that of placing paupersin an agricultural colony, with the idea that they must succeedthere, when they have failed in industrial or financial pursuits.The true pauper lacks the essentials for the successful farmerin the same degree: namely, will-power and the capacity forsustained effort. An agricultural colony composed largely ofindustrial failures will he an agricultural failure as well. Onthe other hand, it must be remembered that paternal adminis-tration of a colony will certainly repel the ablest and mostprogressive settlers, and it is for this reason that the AllianceIsraelite Universelle, the Jewish Colonization Association, aswell as the American organizations dealing with the same prob-lems, are endeavoring, as far as possible, to reduce the paternalsystem in the form of administrators dwelling within thecolonies, and to substitute therefor local self-government, withthe aid of travelling agricultural and administrative advisers.The results seem to have been most encouraging, and suchcolonies have not only succeeded in retaining their originalmembership, but have attracted additional energetic settlers.An artificially-planted colony, however, is, at best, a makeshiftas compared with voluntary acquisition of land by the settlerhimself, and it is here that the greatest development must beexpected in the future, inasmuch as this follows the naturalcourse of events and is free from any artificial stimulus, whoseremoval might lead to a collapse of the enterprise. This is thechief field to which the Jewish Agricultural Societies are devot-ing their energies at the present moment. It might be well tosummarize the means that are being employed as the result ofthe experience of a quarter of a century.

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES OF JEWS IN AMERICA

First: Financial.—Every form of gift must be avoided, andthe relations between the settler and the Society must be uponan equitable commercial basis. Loans are to be made on fairsecurity at low rates of interest and with the fullest regard forthe real needs of the farmer, in contradistinction to the localusurers, who exact exorbitant rates of interest, and try toinduce the borrower to make unnecessary expenditures in orderthat he shall forfeit his equity under the load of his debts; eventhe local bank is often not free from this reproach. Theinterest and capital must bepaid as promptly as possible duringgood seasons, while no advantage is taken of misfortunes beyondthe control of the settler, and the tendency to improve his landis always taken into full account in the extension of time or thegranting of additional loans. To meet immediate wants of atemporary nature, for which the regular machinery of themortgage department is too cumbersome, cooperative loansocieties are to be encouraged among the farmers themselves,with some aid from the central organization. All shareholdersare entitled to equal consideration in the granting of shortloans, and the same machinery can be made available in thecooperative purchasing of seeds, fertilizers, and implements onthe joint credit of the entire group of farmers.

Second: Agricultural Information.—The intending settlershould be assisted to the fullest extent in the selection of hisfarm, and if it is impossible to maintain a regular staff ofexperts for such a purpose, connection should be sought withofficial agricultural stations, or other established institutions,for the purpose of securing such advice when needed. Farmsalready in operation should be frequently visited by agriculturaladvisers, who shall point out in a reasonable manner the defectsof management which appear to them. These advisers must not

8


he the fiscal agents of the organization, in order that the farmermay feel that the advice given is entirely disinterested. This isonly following the plan adopted by our western railroads, whodesire to promote the productivity of the lands along their rightof way. The printing of a special agricultural paper by theJewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society was only due tothe linguistic disability of so many of its proteges; but the useof good agricultural papers and, perhaps, the establishment oftravelling agricultural libraries would be of the greatest im-portance in disseminating this knowledge.

Third: Instruction of the Young.—We must carefully dif-ferentiate between the teaching required by the children offarmers and that adapted to the wants of city dwellers who wishto take up agriculture. The former have a natural familiaritywith farming conditions, and for them the best instruction isthat which is given, in the United States, at least, by the vari-ous State Colleges of Agriculture in the so-called short wintercourses. The Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Societyhas for a number of years past provided stipends, to enable thechildren of Jewish farmers to attend these courses, and bringhome knowledge which will enable them to assist their fathersto the greatest possible extent in the cultivation of the farm.For the boy or girl who desires to take up farming from a scien-tific standpoint, the State institutions afford the best possibleopportunity, and limited assistance toward attending themwould not be out of place, if it were not to be feared that evenat the present time more students are crowding into thesescientific courses than are likely to make a satisfactory showingin the careers to which they are expected to lead. But the farmschool, as a means of educating for farm life city dwellers, stillremains as an essential feature of the general agricultural

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES OF JEWS IN AMERICA H 3

scheme. Those at Woodbine and Doylestown are now especiallydevoting their energies toward developing as far as possible ataste for agriculture and teaching as rapidly as possible theessentials which enable young men to obtain positions as agri-cultural laborers, with the promise that they will be assistedtoward independent holdings as soon as they have acquired thenecessary general experience, and proved their fitness to con-tinue in agricultural pursuits.

Fourth: Artificial aid to agricultural colonists is sometimesnecessary, where special conditions are to be overcome. Cream-eries and canneries will compensate for the absence of localmarkets; special harvesting machinery, grain elevators, etc.,will enable a group of small cultivators to compete successfullywith the owner of a large tract. If a benevolent society at-tempts to manage such establishments, it will commit a seriousblunder. The only satisfactory arrangement can be that adoptedby many American towns, of offering special inducements toindependent operators to establish themselves in a particularlocality. Subventions made for such a purpose will in the endprove no sacrifice at all, but it would be far better to avoid asfar as possible the necessity for such enterprises, by seeking todeter settlers from placing themselves in positions where theirfuture is dependent upon artificial aid.

Finally: The healthfulness of the region and enjoyment tobe derived from the neighborhood, as well as the educationalopportunities as compared with those in cities and towns, be-come more and more important conditions in determining thechoice of location: farming communities which lack social,hygienic, and intellectual advantages will gradually lose theirbest inhabitants. It is for this reason that more and more at-tention will have to be paid to improving the schools, places of


worship, and places of amusement in agricultural centres, andit is fortunate that, in America, at least, there are societies likethe Jewish Chautauqua which are devoting attention especiallyto questions of this kind, and whose cooperation will more andmore overcome the arguments that keep families from settlingupon the open land. The State will have to do its share, byproviding better police protection, better means of communica-tion, better medical supervision, in time, even better distribu-tion of such utilities as are found in the urban community; buteven now individual efforts in these directions are sure to bearample fruit.

When the large number of families now established upon thesoil, whose success is visible to so many of their acquaintances,is compared with the deterrent effect of the largely-advertisedagricultural failures of a quarter of a century ago, the move-ment of the Jewish population to agricultural regions is boundto become increasingly important, and therefore the presentAMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK performs a useful office in pub-lishing a survey of the conditions at a time that may be takenas the threshold of an era wherein the ratio between city andcountry-dwellers among the Jews will be that imposed by naturerather than by restrictive tyranny.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Alliance Israelite Universelle. Bulletins 1-21. Paris, 1880-1895.Elk, Julius. Die Jiidischen Kolonien in Russland. Frankfurt-a-

M., 1886.Hebrew Emigrant Aid Society of the United States. Report. New

York, 1882.Jewish Agriculturists' Aid Society of America. Annual Reports.

Chicago, 1901-1908.Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society. Annual Reports.

New York, 1900-1911.

AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES OF JEWS IN AMERICA H 5

Jewish Agricultural Experiment Station. Charter and By-Laws.New York, 1910.

Jewish Colonization Association. Annual Reports. Paris, 1896-1910.

Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. I. New York, 1901.Agricultural Colonies:

Argentine Republic by Milton Reizenstein.Canada by Milton Reizenstein.Palestine by Herman Rosenthal.Russia by Herman Rosenthal.United States by Milton Reizenstein.

Jewish Farmer. New York, May, 1908, to date.Klein, Moses. Migdal Zophim (The Watch Tower). Philadelphia,

1889.Liebman, W. Moritz A. Simon, in Ost und West. Vol. 5, pp. 197-

205. Berlin, 1905.Recueil de matSriaux sur la situation 6conomique des Israelites

de Russie. Vol. I. Paris, 1906.Rubinow, Isaac M. " Economic Condition of the Jews in Russia,"

in Bulletin of the Bureau of Labor No. 72. September, 1907.Washington, 1907.

Ruppin, Arthur. Die Juden der Gegenwart. 2 Auflage. Koln, 1911.Sbornik. materialov ob ekonomitscheskom polozhenii Evreev v

Rosii. St. Petersburg, 1904.Schipper, Ignacy. Agrikolonisation der Juden in Polen, in Jtidische

Fragen. Wien, 1909.Simon, A. M. Soziales zur Judenfrage. Frankfurt-a-M., 1904.Sonnenfeld, Sigmund. Jiidische Bauerkolonien, in Nord und Siid.

Berlin, March, 1912.Stainsby, William. The Jewish Colonies of South Jersey. Bureau

of Statistics of New Jersey, Camden, 1901.Trietsch, Davis. Palastina Handbuch. 3 Auflage. Berlin, 1912.U. S. Immigration Commission. Abstracts of Reports. Vol. I.,

pp. 575-581. Washington, 1911.Zionistisches A-B-C Buch. Berlin-Charlottenburg, 1908.Zionistisches Merkbuch. Berlin, 1912.


A LIST OF EVENTS IN 5672AND NECROLOGY

JULY 1, 1911, TO JUNE 30, 1912

UNITED STATES1911

July 4. Sixty-five East Side societies march in Fourth of Julyparade, New York City.

Aug. 1. Peoria, 111., Jews contribute one thousand dollars forJewish sufferers from great fires in Turkey.

4. Resolutions adopted at 1911 conference of Seventh-DayAdventists, New York City, protesting against persecutionof Jews.

14. Resolutions adopted by Society of Friends, Richmond,Ind., protesting against outrages perpetrated upon Jewsby Russian Government.

15. Independent Order B'nai B'rith contributes $3,832 forthe relief of sufferers from Constantinople fire.

Sept. 9. First party of Jewish farmers arrive in Salt Lake City,Utah, on way to Piute Project, to colonize in SouthernUtah.

11. Circuit Judge Rassieur, St. Louis, Mo., denies incorpora-tion to Jewish Christian Association, for conversion ofJews to Christianity, on ground that it violates religiousliberty clause of Constitution.

15. Supreme Court Justice Goff, New York City, refuses in-corporation of " Agudath Achim Kahal Adath Jeshurun "on ground that title should be in English.

29. Oscar S. Straus, New York City, member of HagueTribunal, appeals to United States Government to extendgood offices to establish peace between Italy and Turkey.

Oct. 3. United States District Court Judge Hough issues writof habeas corpus reviewing order of immigration officialsexcluding David Perriss and five other Turkish Jewishimmigrants, arriving at Ellis Island Sept. 21.

13. Jewish Daily News, New York, publishes statement ofRichard Sossman, Nicaraguan Consul-General in UnitedStates, that if Jews immigrated to Nicaragua extensively,they would have no difficulty in securing local autonomy.

A LIST OF EVENTS IN 5672 AND NECROLOGY H7

UNITED STATES (continued)Oct. 15. Temple Beth Elohim, Brooklyn, N. Y., celebrates fiftieth

anniversary.20. Temple Israel, St. Louis, Mo., celebrates twenty-fifth

anniversary.30. Mass meeting at Rodeph Sholom Synagogue, Pittsburg,

Pa., adopts resolutions favoring treaty of peace and arbi-tration between England and the United States,

(end). Jewish bakers of Chicago, 111., at conference held atinstance of Orthodox Rabbis, sign agreement to keep shopsclosed on Sabbath and to pay money penalty in case ofviolation of agreement.

Nov. 10. Members of leading Jewish organizations of Galveston,Tex., pass resolutions condemning recent statementsissued against Jewish Immigration Bureau as malicious,irresponsible, and unworthy of belief.

11. Joseph Leon Israel, Birmingham, Ala., dismissed fromUnited States Military Academy, West Point; charge ofanti-Jewish prejudice denied.

13. Judge Julian W. Mack, at annual meeting of CharityOrganization Society, New York, takes issue with Immi-gration Commissioner Williams. He holds that Americacannot afford to close its doors against newcomers, whobring fresh idealism to this country.

17. Statement that Yale Corporation of New Haven, Conn.,which controls properties of Yale University, refuses torent University property in Chicago to Jewish tenants.

26. Philadelphia delegation presents to United StatesSenator Penrose and to Philadelphia Congressmen re-monstrance against enactment of restrictive immigrationlaws. Senator Penrose states present laws are adequate.Similar views expressed by Representatives Moore, Moon,Donohue, and McCreary.

Dec. 6. Rabbi Harry W. Ettelson and Solomon Eisner requestSchool Board, Hartford, Conn., to have " Merchant ofVenice" dropped from reading list in schools. Boardadopts motion complying with request. Motion to abolishall religious exercises and begin morning session withsinging of national anthem lost by vote of 5 to 4.

12. Jewish pupils, Public School No. 10, Passaic, N. J.,petition local Board of Education to eliminate reading ofBible and singing of Christian hymns from school ex-ercises.

15. At request of Rabbi P. Israeli, three of Roxbury publicschool principals agree to omit all Christian celebrationsand use of Christmas trees in schools.


UNITED STATES (continued)Dec. 18. Washington Section sends formal notice to Executive

Committee of its withdrawal from Council of JewishWomen.

19. Triennial Meeting Council of Jewish Women, at Phila-delphia, Pa., arouses much dissension.

22. Public School Commission of Indianapolis, Ind., pro-vides teachers and rooms at Manual Training High Schoolfor night classes for Jewish immigrants.

22. National Liberal Immigration League petitions Presi-dent Taft to recommend to Congress the establishment ofnaturalization court in New York City on account of ap-proaching reduction in number of Federal Courts.

26. Baltimore Section secedes from Council of JewishWomen, because of dissatisfaction with management andnational officers.

29. Petition of pupils of Plainfleld, N. J.. Public School, No.10, to Board of Education, requesting discontinuance ofBible reading and other religious exercises, denied.

29. At request of Kehillah of New York City and Federationof Roumanian Jews, Council of University Settlementadopts resolution " that in holiday celebration held an-nually by Kindergarten Association at University Settle-ment, every feature of any sectarian character, includingChristmas tree, Christmas programme for celebration,Christmas songs, etc., should be eliminated."

29. Jacob H. Schiff, Treasurer of National Committee forRelief of Sufferers from Russian massacres, applies toSupreme Court, New York State, for directions as todisposition of remainder of fund in his possession.

30. Convention of Texas Zionists, Austin, Texas. Eveningprayers held in Texas Senate Chamber decorated withZionist flags.

1912Jan. 5. State organization formed, Boston, Mass., to encourage

naturalization of Jews of State.5. Philadelphia Kehillah requests leniency in enforcement

of drastic Sunday law of 1794. Mayor Blankenburg prom-ises due consideration to those who observe Saturday astheir Sabbath.

5. Boston Section withdraws from Council of JewishWomen.

8. Chicago Section adopts resolution to withdraw fromCouncil of Jewish Women.

10-24. Kehillah of New York City arranges course of lecturesby Miss Dona Saruya on Jewish dietary laws at Teachers'College.

A LIST OP EVENTS IN 5672 AND NECROLOGY 119

UNITED STATES (continued)Jan. 11. Herman Bernstein, journalist, refused vise1 of passport

by Russian consul in New York City.13. Centenary celebration of birth of Dr. Liebman Adler,

Chicago, 111.18. President Taft receives delegation representing Ameri-

can Association of Foreign Language Newspapers, intro-duced by Louis N. Hammerling. Mr. Taft says he favorsadmission of desirable immigrants, but immigration lawsshould be enforced strictly.

20. In the Outlook, Dr. Lyman Abbott advises an inquiringschoolmaster that he is under no moral obligation toadmit Jewish pupils to his school.

25. Savannah Section withdraws from Council of JewishWomen.

26. Aaron Hahn, delegate from Cuyahoga County to OhioConstitutional Convention, suggests provision in consti-tution for prohibition of sectarian religious instructionin public schools of Ohio.

27. President Taft attends ball of Daughters of Jacob, NewYork City.

30. The Kehillah of New York City announces subscriptionsamounting to over sixty thousand dollars annually forfive years for Jewish education in New York City, in re-sponse to appeal of Dr. J. L. Magnes.

(end). Seventh-Day Adventist convention, Atlantic Union Con-ference, Brooklyn, N. Y.( adopts resolutions protestingagainst the recent massacres of Jews in Russia and out-breaks of anti-Jewish feeling in so-called Christiancountries as un-Christian and affirming their belief thatthe Jew is entitled to religious and civil rights.

Feb. 9. Committee on Education, Kehillah of Philadelphia, re-solves to gather statistics respecting the Jewish educa-tional facilities of that city, and recommends organizationof Jewish educational board composed of representativesof Jewish educational institutions for promotion of Jewisheducation, and the convening of a conference of teachersand others interested in Jewish education.

13. Philadelphia Section, at monthly meeting, passes reso-lution urging reconciliation of seceding Sections withnational body of Council of Jewish Women.

16. Bill to incorporate New York Kehillah introduced InNew York Legislature by Assemblyman Jacob Levy.

26. Grand Officers of Independent Order Brith Abrahamgrant sum of one thousand dollars to families of Jewishstrikers of Lawrence, Mass., and appeal to all lodges inOrder for additional support.


UNITE© STATES (continued)Feb. 26. The Kehillah of Philadelphia, Pa., telegraphs to Senator

Penrose and to Philadelphia Representatives, urgingthem to use best efforts to prevent passage of bill intro-duced by Senator Lodge, providing for a literacy test.

27. Petition opposing Dillingham Bill restricting immigra-tion signed by prominent citizens of San Diego, Calif., sentto Representative Sylvester C. Smith.

28. Association for Protection of Jewish Immigrants, Phila-delphia, through president, Louis E. Levy, files protestwith Congress in letter to Representative J. HamptonMoore, against incorporation of educational test or mone-tary requirement in immigration law.

Mch. 7. Hebrew Civic Club, San Francisco, Calif., appoints com-mittee to cooperate with Police Department and othersinterested in stamping out white slavery and punishmentof those promoting traffic.

8. Representative Jews of Chicago petition Election Boardto change date of spring primaries, fixed for April 9, lastday of Passover.

22. Harry C. Howard, Mayor, Brockton, Mass., sends letterto editor of Boston Jewish Advocate denying that there isdiscrimination against Jews on part of the registrars ofelections.

29. Rabbinical Association of New Jersey endorses Gill Billto amend marriage law so as to read " an ordainedminister of any religion," instead of " any minister of thegospel is competent to perform marriage ceremony."

Apl. 5. Youngstown, O., Section Council of Jewish Women dis-bands and reorganizes as independent organization.

12. Thirty-five Jewish merchants of Paterson, N. J., petitionBoard of Aldermen to amend Sunday law, so as to exemptmerchants who observe Jewish Sabbath.

21. Twenty-fifth anniversary of founding of PhiladelphiaBranch of Jewish Theological Seminary Association ob-served at Dropsie College.

22. Eastern Council of Reform Rabbis of New York andNew England organized " to strengthen position of ReformJudaism in New York and Eastern Cities." (See p. 221.)

23. Jewish Community (Kehillah) of Philadelphia author-izes committee to call on managers of theatres to protestagainst caricaturing of Jew on the stage.

26. Jewish Farmers' Association of St. Louis, Mo., pur-chases five thousand acres in Texas and decides to callthe tract " The Ida Straus Subdivision."

28. At annual meeting, the Kehillah of New York adoptsresolution protesting against restriction of immigrationby literacy test.

A LIST OP EVENTS IN 5672 AND NECROLOGY

UNITED STATES {continued)May 3. American Jewish Committee sends five thousand francs

to Anglo-Jewish Association in London, for sufferers atFez, Morocco, with assurance that additional contributionswill be made, equal to those by Anglo-Jewish Association.

6. Mass meeting, Cooper Union, New York City, addressedby Oscar S. Straus, ex-Congressman William S. Bennet,Congressmen William Sulzer and Henry M. Goldfogle,Edward Lauterbach, and others. Committee appointed toappear before House Committee on Immigration, topresent resolutions adopted and to protest against aliteracy test for immigrants.

6. Chicago Association of Jewish Women adopts resolu-tions protesting against Dillingham and Burnett Billscontaining a literacy test for immigrants.

7. Mass meeting, Baltimore, Md., to protest against Dilling-ham and Burnett Immigration Bills. Cardinal Gibbonswrites letter in which he opposes a literacy test.

7. Boston Section, Council of Jewish Women, in annualmeeting, passes resolution against Immigration Bills, andsends telegram opposing their passage to House Committeeon Immigration.

7. Mass meeting, Faneuil Hall, Boston, Mass., to protestagainst Dillingham and Burnett Bills, addressed by ex-Congressman John A. Keliher, Edw. J. Bromberg, Jacob deHaas, and Dr. Santasusso. Resolutions adopted condemn-ing literacy test. Committee of five selected to go to Wash-ington to oppose the bills.

8. Mass meeting of citizens, Philadelphia, Pa., to protestagainst Dillingham and Burnett Immigration Bills, adoptsresolutions and telegraphs them to Congress.

9. Mass meeting, Cleveland, 0., protests against Dilling-ham Immigration Bill. Addresses delivered by GovernorHarmon, Mayor Baker, Congressman Howland, Rev.Bishop Farelly, Rev. Bradly, Hon. James W. Garfield,Rabbi Gries, Rabbi Margolies, and Edw. Baker. HomerJohnson, of Chamber of Commerce, presides.

9. United Hebrew Societies of Elizabeth, N. J., protestagainst passage of Dillingham Immigration Bill.

9. Mass meeting under auspices of local lodge, OrderBrith Abraham, New Haven, Conn., protests against Dill-ingham Immigration Bill.

9. Mass meeting, New Britain, Conn., protests against Dill-ingham and Burnett Immigration Bills.


UNITED STATES (continued)May 10. Political Refugees' Defense League, New York City, or-

ganized by Dr. Henry Moskowitz, Nicholas Aleinikoff, andMorris Katz, protests against the Root amendment toDillingham Immigration Bill.

12. Civic memorial service, at Carnegie Hall, for Mr. andMrs. Isidor Straus, victims of Titanic disaster.

12. Mass meeting, Buffalo, N. Y., adopts resolution pro-testing against passage of Dillingham and Burnett Bills.

14. Board of Managers of Hebrew Sunday School Society,Philadelphia, Pa., adopts resolution protesting againstpassage of Dillingham and Burnett Immigration Bills.

16. Governor S. E. Baldwin, New Haven, Conn., in address,criticises Dillingham Immigration Bill.

19. Providence, R. I., Young Men's Hebrew Associationadopts resolutions protesting against Dillingham andBurnett Immigration Bills.

19. Federation of Galician and Bukovinian Jews, New YorkCity, adopts resolution protesting against Dillingham Im-migration Bill.

19. Federation of Roumanian Jews of America, in annualconvention at Philadelphia, adopts resolution protestingagainst literacy test in Dillingham Immigration Bill.

24. Political Refugees' League mass meeting in CooperUnion, New York City, protests against Dillingham Immi-gration Bill.

24. Jacob H. Schiff, New York City, presents to Library ofCongress, Washington, D. C, a collection of Hebraica,comprising more than ten thousand volumes collected byEphraim Deinard, of Arlington, N. J.

28. Executive Council, Philadelphia Jewish Community,adopts resolution favoring establishment of a Va'ad Ha-kashruth, for proper regulation of Shehitah.

29. Executive Committee, Central Conference of AmericanRabbis, adopts resolutions opposing formation of sectionalconferences. (See April 22.)

30. Mass meeting, Chicago, 111., adopts resolutions protest-ing against passage of Dillingham Bill; addresses de-livered by Professor Freund and Professor Tufts of theUniversity and Miss Abbott of the Immigration SafetyLeague.

30. Herman Bernstein, New York City, with United Statespassport, visfied by Russian Consul in Paris, refused ad-mission to Russia at frontier.


UNITED STATES (continued)June 3. Association of Jewish Bakers, New York, determine to

keep closed on Sabbath.3. Independent Order Brith Sholom, at annual convention,

Baltimore, Md., passes resolution opposing educationaltest in pending Immigration Bill.

7. Evening schools to be opened in New York City forTurkish Jews, for their instruction in English duringsummer months.

8. Trustees Cornel! University decide to found Jacob H.Schiff Fellowship and Non-Resident Lectureship for pro-motion of study of German out of endowment of $100,000given to University.

19. Yonkers Board of Education denies request of M. J.Levy, Crestwood, to forbid singing of hymns in publicschools.

22. Plank adopted in platform at Republican Convention,Chicago, 111., pledging party to " enactment of appropriatelaws to relieve growing evil of undesirable or induced im-migration."

1911 NECROLOGYJuly 1. Mary M. Cohen, communal worker, Philadelphia, Pa., at

Atlantic City, N. J., aged 57.4. Esther Herrman, philanthropist, New York City, aged 89.4. Nathan Michnick, Rabbi, Lake Charles, La., aged 60.7. Philip Bernstein, Civil War veteran, Confederate Army,

Winnfleld, La., aged 84.8. Solomon Bondi, communal worker, St. Louis, Mo., aged

70.9. Morris Baldauf, communal worker, Henderson, Ky.,

aged 72.15. Aaron Lazarus, Brevet Captain, United States Volun-

teers, Civil War, Philadelphia, Pa., aged 70.22. Meyer Siedenbach, financier, Philadelphia, Pa., at

Marienbad, Germany, aged 66.26. James Levy, artist and communal worker, Cincinnati, O.,

aged 84.28. Henry Friendlich, Rabbi, Leavenworth, Kan., at New

York City, aged 82.29. Abraham Hurwitz, Rabbi, Akron, O., aged 57.31. Frederick Loeser, merchant, Brooklyn, N. Y., at Stutt-

gart, Germany, aged 77.Aug. 7. David N. Henriques, formerly in United States consular

service, New Orleans, La.13. Charles Richard Heller, communal worker, Cleveland,

O., aged 69.16. Isaac Schiekler, Rabbi, New York City, aged 78.


UNITED STATES (.continued)Aug. 19. Abraham H. Abrams, communal worker, Pittsburg, Pa.

23. Solomon Mehrbach, former president Second AvenueRailroad, New York City.

24. Simon Adler, manufacturer and philanthropist, Roches-ter, N. Y.

25. Rosa F. Sachs, communal worker, Cincinnati, O.26. Isabel Richman Wallach, communal worker and author-

ess, New York City.30. Marx Levy, former Councilman, Berwick, Pa., aged 59.31. Meyer Frank, communal worker, Philadelphia, Pa.,

aged 89.(end). David Levin, member State Legislature 1897-1905,

Tacoma, Wash., aged 52.Sept. 4. Jacob Jacobson, Rabbi, Chicago, 111., aged 71.

5. Daniel Meyer, banker and philanthropist, San Francisco,Calif., aged 87.

12. Emanuel Frankenthal, communal worker, Chicago, 111.,aged 84.

16. Alfred L. Peck, piano manufacturer, New York, atMunich, aged 41.

17. H. Davidson, Rabbi, Stockton, Calif., aged 70.21. Max Lehman, Captain, Civil War, Gloversville, N. Y.,

aged 85.22. Gershon David, Trustee State Asylum at Athens, O.,

Jackson, O., aged 83.23. Marcus Goldman, Chief Librarian Hebrew Literature

Society, Philadelphia, Pa., aged 74.27. Benjamin Marshall, communal worker, Syracuse, N. Y.,

aged 52.29. Hertz Hiller, capitalist, New Orleans, La., aged 84.

Oct. 3. Lazar Laserson, Civil War veteran, New York City, aged67.

5. Henry Sessel, Mexican War veteran, Memphis, Tenn.,aged 89.

5. Godchaux A. Levi, communal worker, Dallas, Texas,aged 60.

9. Bernard C. Cohen, communal worker, Buffalo, N. Y.13. Jacob Loeb, communal worker, Canton, Miss., aged 77.17. Max Friedman, communal worker, Boston, Mass.18. Michael Cadison, educator and communal worker, Pitts-

burg, Pa., aged 59.19. Aaron Hirsch, Civil War scout, St. Louis, Mo., aged 83.20. Morris Israel, banker of Charleston, S. C., at New York

City, aged 75.23. David Apotheker, poet and journalist, New York City,

aged 56.


UNITED STATES (continued)Oct. 23. Louis R. Ehrich, art collector and connoisseur, New York

City, in London, England, aged 62.29. Joseph Pulitzer, journalist, New York City, aged 64.

Nov. 3. Solomon Mosche, Rabbi, Brooklyn, N. Y., aged 75.3. Samuel Botkowsky, Rabbi, New York City, aged 90.4. Leon Mandel, merchant, Chicago, 111., aged 70.9. Paul Lisso, financier, Alexandria, La., aged 57.

13. Charles H. Israels, architect, New York City, aged 45.17. Samuel Thanhouser, former United States Land Agent,

Milwaukee, Wis., aged 75.17. Max Goldbarth, member City Council, Charleston, W.

Va.21. Carrie L. Strauss, philanthropist, Chicago, 111., aged 64.29. Max Lakman, Rabbi, Cleveland, O.

Dec. 16. Moses A. Schreiber, Rabbi, New York City, aged 73.20. Rose Eytinge, actress, Philadelphia, Pa., at Amityville,

N. Y., aged 76.21. Benjamin Franklin Jonas, former United States Senator,

New Orleans, La., aged 77.22. Jacques Adelsheimer, Captain, Civil War veteran, Pitts-

burg, Pa., aged 72.24. Hirsch Goldberg, Rabbi, Savannah, Ga., at New York

City.29. Arnold Tanzer, associate editor of the Nation, New York

City, aged 71.1912

Jan. 2. Leopold Einstein, communal worker, Cleveland, 0., aged69.

15. Newman Cowen, communal worker, New York City,aged 80.

15. Elizabeth Lazarus, philanthropist, Philadelphia, aged 90.19. Pinchus Mintz, Rabbi, Cleveland, O., aged 48.19. Caroline W. Neustadter, philanthropist, New York City,

aged 72.20. Nathan Moses, communal worker, Cincinnati, O., aged

85.21. Morris Steinert, founder Steinert Piano Company, New

Haven, Conn., aged 80.24. Morris Klein, Rabbi, Cleveland, O., aged 71.25. Henry Hochheimer, Rabbi-emeritus, Baltimore, Md.,

aged 92.25. Ephraim Offner, merchant and philanthropist, New

Orleans, La., aged 73.27. Ludwig Schwabacher, manufacturer, San Francisco,

Calif., aged 65.31. Maurice J. Hart, municipal worker, New Orleans, La.,

aged 63.


UNITED STATES {continued)Feb. 1. Charles Godchaw, Judge, Tampa, Fla.

1. Clarence W. Kuhn, banker, Cincinnati, O., aged 42.8. Leon Kahn, former member City Council of Indianapolis,

Ind., at Louisville, Ky., aged 79.10. Theodore D. (Ted) Marks, originator Sunday concerts,

New York City.12. Washington Seligman, banker, New York City, aged 53.13. Louis Heilprin, encyclopedist, New York City, aged 60.13. Levi Stern, merchant, Philadelphia, Pa., aged 92.15. Isaac Ciener, communal worker, Indianapolis, Ind.16. Albert L. Parkes, theatrical manager and writer, New

York City, aged 85.19. Albert Cahn, Captain, Civil War veteran, Joplin, Mo.,

aged 69.20. William Cobe, communal worker, Boston, Mass., aged 83.25. Nachum Paltiel Bromson, Rabbi, Baltimore, Md., aged

81.26. Ernst Thalmann, banker, New York City, aged 61.

Mch. 3. William Wolf, philanthropist and communal worker,San Francisco, Calif., aged 86.

7. Marcus Bernheimer, active in political affairs, St. Louis,Mo., aged 65.

7. Eugene Sterne, merchant, St. Louis, Mo., aged 72.8. Isaac Hirsch, Colonel, former Mayor, Chillicothe, Mo.,

aed 76.9. Hiram Ullman, merchant and member of Common Coun-

cil, Williamsport, Pa., aged 57.11. Nathan Zeitlin, scholar and communal worker, Boston,

Mass., aged 58.22. Marks Arnheim, clothing merchant, New York City, aged

63.23. Hezekiah Kohn, communal worker, New York City,

aged 90.29. Tobias Weinschenker, communal worker, Chicago, 111.,

aged 68.29. Jacques Loeb, merchant and communal worker, Mont-

gomery, Ala., aged 57.Apl. 6. William Lissner, educator, San Francisco, Calif., aged

63.7. Mark J. Lehjnan, physician and journalist, New Orleans,

La., aged 58.8. Andrew Saks, merchant, New York City, aged 65.8. Gustav Bacharach, president of Commonwealth Realty

Company, Philadelphia, Pa., aged 44.8. Hirsch Werner, Rabbi, Seattle, Wash.


UNITED STATES (continued)Apl. 9. Simon Suss, merchant, St. Louis, Mo., aged 61.

9. Abr. E. Dunya, Rabbi, Racine, Wis., aged 49.12. Julius Wile, merchant, New York City, aged 73.12. Samuel Katz, engineer, Omaha, Neb., aged 51.12. Moses Weinman, lawyer, New York City, aged 50.13. Henry Klein, Rabbi, New York City, aged 52.14. Ida Straus, communal worker, New York City, victim of

Titanic disaster.14. Isidor Straus, former Congressman, communal worker,

New York City, victim of Titanic disaster, aged 67.14. Benjamin Guggenheim, financier, New York City, victim

of Titanic disaster, aged 47.14. Henry B. Harris, theatrical manager, New York City,

victim of Titanic disaster.14. Emil Brandeis, municipal worker, Omaha, Neb., victim

of Titanic disaster, aged 48.15. Adolph Bauer, Spanish-American War veteran, Mobile,

Ala., aged 48.15. Mrs. Max Landsberg, communal worker, Rochester, N. Y.19. Abraham Kaiser, former Alderman and Assemblyman,

Newark, N. J., aged 60.26. Edgar J. Levey, former Deputy Comptroller, New York

City, aged 49.29. Harris Barnard, communal worker, New York City, aged

56.May 2. Jacob E. Friend, manufacturer and former member of

Assembly, Milwaukee, Wis., at Florence, Italy, aged 55.3. Emil L. Boas, Resident Director and General Manager

Hamburg-American Line, New York City, aged 57.4. Levi L. Rosenblatt, Rabbi, St. Louis, Mo., aged 76.7. Gabriel L. Loewenthall, founder of Free Sons of Judah,

New York City, aged 71.10. David Rapaport, socialist writer and translator, San

Francisco, Calif.13. Joseph Ullman, Civil War veteran, Paducah, Ky., aged

74.15. Israel Aaron, Rabbi, Buffalo, N. Y., aged 51.15. Aaron Ullman, merchant, Peoria, 111., aged 84.19. Joseph M. Lichtenauer, banker, New York City, aged 67.22. Morris Horkheimer, General, Wheeling, W. Va., at

Atlantic City, N. J.26. Samuel Kohn, communal worker, Philadelphia, Pa., aged

59.27. Hyman Ellenbogen, communal worker, merchant, Troy,

N. Y., aged 55.


UNITED STATES (continued)May 31. Henry W. Myar, Confederate Army veteran, Camden,

Ark., aged 71.31. Max Katzenberg, former member Board of Education,

New York City, aged 51.31. Max Axelrood, surgeon and veteran Turkish-Russian

War, Vancouver, Wash,(end). Philip Weisman, Rabbi, Dayton, O.

June 1. Sender Jarmulowsky, banker, New York City, aged 74.8. Abraham Chayim Levinson, Rabbi, Baltimore, Md., aged

60.10. Lippmann Sachs, communal worker, San Francisco,

Calif.10. Barnard Rich, financier, San Francisco, Calif., aged 63.11. Arthur L. Welsh, aviator, Washington, D. C, aged 31.15. Leopold Fauerbach, Superintendent of Hebrew Shelter-

ing Guardian Society 1879-1903, New York City, aged 79.15. David Rosenblatt, communal worker and Civil War

veteran, Cleveland, 0.15. Izer Perlstein, Rabbi, Rockland, Me., aged 59.20. Mrs. Elvira Nathan Solis, communal worker, formerly

of Philadelphia, Pa., New York City, aged 86.23. Victor Caro, Rabbi, Milwaukee, Wis., at Bad-Nauheim,

Germany, aged 56.24. Julia Richman, educator and communal worker, New

York City, at Paris, France, aged 56.24. Alfred L. Seligman, banker and musician, New York

City, aged 49.27. Seymour C. Heyman, communal worker, Oklahoma City,

Okla., aged 51.

FRANCE AND COLONIES1911

July 7. Jules Pams appointed Minister of Agriculture in newCabinet of M. Caillaux.

14. MM. Milhaud, Brisac, and Levy-Ullmann appointed Prin-cipal Secretaries to Ministers of Commerce, Public Works,and Labor, respectively, and M. Strauss, assistant Secre-tary to Minister of War, in new Cabinet.

28. French Academy of Fine Arts awards Second GrandPrize of Rome for medal engraving to Edmond Bargas,Paris.

Aug. 18. Alliance Israelite Universelle, Paris, sends ten thousandfrancs for benefit of sufferers by Constantinople fire.

18. Acadgmie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres awards toCaptain Raymond Weill a grant of six thousand francs tocontinue excavations in Egypt.


FRANCE AND COLONIES (continued)Sept. 8. M. LeVy, Advocate-General at Court of Appeals in Indo-

China, appointed Procureur G6n§ral and Chief of JudicialService in French Guiana, and M. Lebhar, Councillor atCourt of Appeal at Pondicherry, Judge President of Courtof First Instance at Karikal.

Oct. 6. M. Geismar, Chief of Squadron of French Artillery, pro-moted to grade of Lieutenant-Colonel, and appointed Chiefof General Staff of Third Army Corps.

6. Camille Lyon, Paris, appointed Vice-President of Councilof State Railways.

20. Charles Lyon-Caen, Member of Institute of France andProfessor in Faculty of Law in Paris, and A. Schrameck,Director of Prisons Administration at Ministry of Justice,appointed members of Consultative Council on Legislation,recently formed by Minister.

27. Andre1 Wormser, composer, appointed member of Su-perior Council of Instruction, National Conservatory ofMusic and Declamation, Paris.

27. Salomon Reinach resigns as Vice-President of AllianceIsraelite Universelle.

Nov. 3. A. Schrameck, Director of Prisons Administration atMinistry of Justice, appointed Prefect of Department ofBouches du Rhone.

3. Georges Julien Schwob, Commissioner for FrenchColonies at Brussels Exhibition, promoted to grade of Com-mander of Order of Legion of Honor. Two Jews pro-moted officers and fifteen appointed Chevaliers of Order.

10. Sylvain Dreyfus, Engineer-in-Chief of Bridges andRoads, appointed member of Railways Consultative Com-mittee.

19. Reported that Jewish Colonization Association has pur-chased large tract of land near Beer-sheba in Palestine.

24. Alliance Israelite Universelle votes twenty thousandfrancs towards relief of Jewish communities in RussianPale impoverished by recent fires.

24. Edouard Petit, Inspector-General of Public Instruction,elected Vice-President of General Council of French Edu-cation League.

Dec. 1. French Academy of Sciences awards Montyon Prize(Statistics) to Rene1 Risser, Actuary to Ministry of Labor.

1. M. Picard, External Councillor of French Commerce inLondon, elected member of Consultative Committee onPosts, Telegraphs, and Telephones, in Paris.

15. Madame Salomon, Sub-Directress of College S6vign6,Paris, appointed Officer of the Academy.


FRANCE AND COLONIES (continued)Dec. 15. M. Saint-Paul, French Councillor of State, appointed

member of Committee to examine reports of Ministers for1910-1911. M. Henri Levy-Ullmann, Principal Secretaryto Minister of Finance, appointed on another Governmentcommisssion; and M. Camille Bloch, M. L6on, and M.ThSodor Reinach, on Committee to study condition ofNational Library.

17. Amendment to constitution of Alliance Israelite Uni-verselle adopted by Central Committee, giving it controlover election of its members. Much opposition to this inGerman branch of the Alliance.

22. Paul Strauss, Senator, appointed President of Com-mittee to distribute appropriation to maternity charities;M. Worms de Romilly, retired Inspector-General of Mines,appointed President of Permanent Committee on AerialNavigation.

1912Jan. 1. Group of prominent non-Jewish writers, scientists,

scholars, artists, magistrates, army and navy officers, andlawyers, sign statement denouncing ritual murder ac-cusation in connection with Yuschinsky case in Russia.

3. Central Committee of Alliance Israelite Universelledecides to abolish German branch, Die Deutsche Kon-ferenzgemeinschaft, and henceforth the thirteen thousandAlliance members in Germany will deal directly with mainoffice. Officers of German branch protest against legalityof this action.

19. M. G. Lippmann, chemist, elected president of FrenchAcademy of Sciences for 1912.

19. Fernand Cr6mieux re-elected Senator for Gard.19. M. L. L. Klotz retains his portfolio as Minister of

Finance in new French Cabinet formed by RaymondPoincare.

19. M. Kahn appointed Consul-General at Tientsin.19. AcadSmie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres appoints

Thfiodor Reinach delegate to Prehistoric ArcheologicalCongress, September, at Geneva.

26. M. Briand, Minister of Justice in new Cabinet, appointsM. Sasias his Principal Secretary.

Feb. (beginning). Uprising against Jews of Lyons. Nationalistsand Clericals march through streets protesting againstexpulsion of nuns. Jewish shops demolished and severalJews injured.

2. Ferdinand David appointed Minister of Commerce ofnew Cabinet.


FRANCE AND COLONIES (continued)Feb. 2. Lazare Weiller, Paris, promoted to be commander of

Legion of Honor.2. Chief Rabbi Alfred Lfivy makes formal protest to French

Government against proposed expulsion of Catholic order,Little Sisters of the Poor, from the country.

2. M. Blocq appointed sub-Chief of Cabinet of FrenchMinister of Agriculture, and M. Cremieux, Attache1 toCabinet of Minister of Commerce.

9. Gabriel Lippmann, President French Academy ofSciences, appointed representative at celebration of twohundred and fiftieth anniversary of establishment ofRoyal Society in London.

9. French Senate appoints Paul Strauss and FerdinandDreyfus, two of four Jewish members, to be its represent-atives on Superior Labor Council.

9. Jewish section of League for Combating White SlaveTraffic meets in Paris, and decides to distribute, amongJews in East, circulars warning them against those en-gaged in traffic.

16. Will of late Baron Gustave de Rothschild sets aside onemillion francs as Rothschild Trust for improvement ofcondition of working classes in Paris. Bequest to beapplied to purchase of land in or near city and erection ofone-family cottages.

16. Senator Edouard Millaud appointed Vice-President ofFrench Superior Statistical Council. Senator PaulStrauss, M. Alfred Neymarck, and Rene Worms appointedmembers of Council.

Mch. 8. French Minister of Interior awards gold medal of LaMutualite to M. Schrameck, Prefect of Department ofBouches du Rhone.

8. Senator Ferdinand Dreyfus elected President of NationalSociety for Encouragement of Agriculture.

29. A. Cattan elected French representative to ConsultativeConference of Tunis.

Apl. 5. Madame Azoulay bequeaths two hundred thousandfrancs for laboratories for Faculty of Science at Universityof Algiers.

12. Campaign by Republicans and Socialists against Jewishimmigrants in Paris.

17. Many Jews of Fez, Morocco, killed, wounded, and muti-lated in revolt of populace and Moorish soldiery. Jewishquarter completely ruined. Two thousand refugees fleeto garden of Sultan's palace.


FRANCE AND COLONIES (continued)Apl. 19. Leopold Louis Dreyfus, Consul-General for Roumania In

Paris, promoted to grade of Commander of Legion ofHonor.

26. University of Athens, Greece, confers honorary degreeof Doctor upon Dr. Max Nordau.

May 10. Deputation of Central Committee of Alliance IsraeliteUniverselle wait on M. Poincare\ Premier and Minister forForeign Affairs, and request protection for Jews ofMorocco.

24. M. Friedmann, Chief Rabbi of Constantine, elected ChiefRabbi of Algeria.

June 7. The Jewish Colonization Association donate land nowoccupied by them to colonists of Argentine Republic whohave been on their farms for twenty-two years and havemade twelve annual payments.

7. Lieutenant Be'ne'dic appointed to General Staff of Gen-eral Lyautey, Resident General of France in Morocco.

7. President of French Republic confers grade of Officer ofthe Order of Public Instruction on number of Jews, amongwhom are Dr. Blok and Leopold Ketten. Mesdames Albalaand Falcon appointed Officers of the Academy.

7. Senator Ferdinand Dreyfus appointed President, andSenator Paul Strauss, member, of French extra-Parlia-mentary Commission charged with establishment of a codefor protection of children.

14. Andre" Hesse, member of Chamber of Deputies, appointedas Counsel of French Government at The Hague in con-nection with dispute between France and Italy over theManouba affair.

14. Mme. Arsene Darmesteter (ne'e Helena Hartog) electedAssociate of the Societe Nationale des Beaux-Arts, Paris.

16. Death of Anatole Leroy-Beaulieu, Paris, author of" Israel among the Nations " and " Anti-Semitism."

21. Joseph Reinach appointed member Superior Council ofFine Arts.

24. M. Lyon-Caen represents France at Conference on CheckSystem, at The Hague.

25. At meeting of Union of French Rabbis, Paris, RabbiHaguenau suggests the addition to every Ketubah of anagreement in case of a civil divorce to apply for religiousdivorce as well. Matter referred to a special committeefor report.

28. Joseph Hal6vy, Assyriologist, Paris, receives prize of500 francs from AcadSmie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres.


FRANCE AND COLONIES (continued)June 28. Baron Robert de Rothschild appointed Chevalier of

Order of Agricultural Merit at Agricultural Show, Coreil.28. Emile Leven, Vice-President of National Mutual Aid

Federation, promoted Officer of Legion of Honor. ThreeJews appointed Chevaliers.

NECROLOGY

1911Sept. 22. Eugene Lattes, member of Council of Administration,

Nice, aged 87.Oct. 6. Auguste Michel-L6vy, member Institute of France and

Jewish Consistory of Paris, Officer Legion of Honor, Paris,aged 68. 1

23. Isaie Levaillant, civic and communal worker, Paris,aged 66.

Nov. 28. Gustave de Rothschild, Baron, banker and communalworker, Paris, aged 82.

1912Jan. 12. Manuel Leven, surgeon and philanthropist, Paris, aged

81.Feb. 23. Moi'se Mayer, communal worker and perfecter of sewing

machine, Paris, aged 92.Mch. 22. Theodor L&vi-Alvares, educator, aged 91.May 24. Marc See, Professor of Faculty of Medicine and Officer

of Legion of Honor, Paris.24. Abraham Bensaude, communal worker and philanthro-

pist, Paris, aged 75.31. Edouard Millaud, Senator and First Advocate-General at

Court of Lyons, Paris, aged 78.June 14. Madame Edouard Andrg (ne'e Nellie Jacquemart), por-

trait painter, Paris, aged 72.

GERMANY1911

July 7. Berlin merchants petition Imperial Chancellor, in in-terest of German trade, to approach other Powers to joinin a common memorandum to Russian Government re-questing removal of discrimination against foreign Jewsdesiring to visit Russia.

15. Paul Loewenthal, Frankfort-on-the-Main, appointed Con-sul to Siam.

Aug. 18. James Simon, President of Hilfsverein der DeutschenJuden, gives one hundred thousand marks to TechnicalInstitute, Haifa, Palestine.


GERMANY (continued)Aug. 25. Hilfsverein der Deutschen Juden sends second donation

of thirty thousand marks for relief of Jews sustaininglosses by fire in Constantinople.

Sept. 1. Headquarters of Zionist Movement transferred to Berlinfrom Cologne.

1. Herr Wolfsthal, Judge at Ratisbon, appointed Attorney-General at Frankenthal. First Jew to hold such an officein Bavaria.

8. German Emperor confers Order of Red Eagle, SecondClass, on Professor Hugo Miinsterberg, Professor of Psy-chology at Harvard University.

10. Conference of delegates of Mizrachi party, Berlin, decideto secede from Zionist organization.

15. Municipality of Posen confers honorary citizenship onCommercial Privy Councillor Michael Herz, President ofChamber of Commerce.

15. Minister of Education, Berlin, issues instructions thatJewish children who attend Christian elementary schoolsshall, on application of their parents or guardians, be ex-empted from attendance on Sabbaths and festivals.

15. Police at Munich expel number of Jewish families,originally from Russia and Galicia, on charge of un-licensed peddling.

22. Special committee drafts new set of laws for govern-ment of Jewish community in Frankfort. Most importantinnovation is law making women who pay communal taxand wives of tax-payers eligible for election to Council.

22. German Emperor confers Order of Red Eagle, ThirdClass, on Dr. Albert Mosse.

29. Council of community, Berlin, votes five thousand markstoward relief of sufferers by recent fire at Constantinople.

30. Group of local Jewish students, Berlin, visit TurkishAmbassador and volunteer for Turkish Army. LocalZionist doctors consider advisability of organizing JewishSanitary Corps for Turkish field forces.

Oct. 13. Municipal Council, Breslau, presided over, for twenty-five years, by Wilhelm Freund, marks occasion of hiseightieth birthday anniversary by voting from city's fundssum of fifty thousand marks to form trust to bear hisname and to be used as he determines.

13. Rabbi Dr. Guttmann, Breslau, receives title of Professorfrom Prussian Government.

27. Hugo Haase elected leader of German Socialist party.27. Rabbi Dr. Eppenstein, Briesen, West Prussia, appointed

to succeed Professor Dr. A. Berliner at Rabbinical Semi-nary in Berlin.


GERMANY (continued)Nov. 5. Zionist Greater Actions Committee, Berlin, resolves that

all activity shall be concentrated upon acquisition ofestates by private persons in Palestine and increased sup-port of Palestine Land Development Company. Availablematerial respecting possibilities of immigration to Pales-tine ordered compiled.

5. Verband der Deutschen Juden, at annual meeting, Ber-lin, protests anew against unconstitutional restriction putby authorities on civil rights of Jews; against discrimina-tion against Jewish officials in municipal service and atuniversities; and exclusion of Jews as officers on activeservice and of the reserve; against worse treatment offoreign Jews than other foreigners with respect to rightof sojourn and naturalization.

6. Die Deutsche Konferenzgemeinschaft, German branchof Alliance Israelite Universelle, protests against attemptto abolish general suffrage in Alliance and replace it bycooptation, and demands that proper steps be taken tosecure an effective control of conduct of affairs of Alliance.

10. Dr. Levy, National Liberal, elected member for Hohen-salza in Prussian Parliament.

10. S. Frankfurter, Government Councillor, appointed Vice-Director, and Dr. Holzmann, Librarian, of Berlin Uni-versity Library.

17. Adolphe Ury, Chief Rabbi of Strasburg, elected rep-resentative to Upper House of Parliament, under new con-stitution of Alsace and Lorraine.

20. Famous Jewish cemetery at Worms, used since eleventhcentury, closed. New cemetery on Hochheimer Hohe, con-structed by the municipality, consecrated in presence ofcivic authorities.

24. Parliament petitioned to restore prohibition againstShehitah in Saxony by Dresden Society for Protection ofAnimals.

Dec. 1. Munich Lodge of Independent Order B'nai B'rith decidesto place permanently in Jewish Museum, Vienna, its ex-hibit at International Hygienic Exhibition in Dresden.

2. Committee of German Merchants, Berlin, demand thatJewish commercial travellers be freely admitted to Russia.Resolve to interpellate Government and to insist thatRussia recognize German passport without distinction ofrace or creed.

8. Grand Duke of Hesse-Darmstadt elevates CommercialCouncillor Dr. Franz Bamberger, of Mayence, President ofHessian Chamber of Commerce, to Upper House of Diet.


GERMANY (continued)Dec. 15. On initiative of Council of Jewish Community in Berlin

a commemorative tablet affixed to facade of house in whichLeopold Zunz resided for twenty-six years.

15. Hilfsrerein der Deutschen Juden for the first timeinvites a woman, in person of Frau May, of Berlin, to be amember of its Central Committee.

20. Jewish Community of Frankfort-on-the Main celebratesone hundredth anniversary of conferment of civil rightsupon Jews.

23. Minister of Commerce, Berlin, notifies Senior Merchants'Guild that Russia is relaxing her vigorous treatment ofGerman Jews. Governor of Kieff issues decree that Ger-man Jews travelling on business will be allowed to residein any quarter of city.

1912Jan. 5. Municipality of Strehlen confers title of honorary citizen

on Professor Ehrlich, Frankfort.5. Budget of province of Alsace-Lorraine provides for sub-

sidy of 200,360 marks to Jewish communities, for increas-ing the salaries of three Chief Rabbis, thirty Congrega-tional Rabbis, and sixty-six officiating Ministers.

5. Francis Oppenheimer, Frankfort, appointed Secretary ofLegation in Diplomatic Service, and assigned as com-mercial Secretary at The Hague.

5. Dr. Klee, prominent Zionist, declines Liberal nominationfor Reichstag for Third Division of Berlin.

12. Eduard Bernstein, Socialist, elected to Reichstag, asmember for West Breslau, upon first ballot.

19. King of Italy confers Grand Cross of Order of ItalianCrown on Commercial Privy Councillor Goldberger, Berlin.

26. Israel I. Kahan, Munich, appointed to chair of Neo-Hebrew, Aramaic, and Talmudic literatures recently es-tablished at University of Leipzig.

Feb. (beginning). German local committee of Alliance Israeliteformed. Resolution adopted expressing " unrestricted con-fidence in executive of Die Konferenzgemeinschaft."

2. Announcement made that Professor Paul Ehrlich,Frankfort, discovers cancer cure in experiments uponmice. Professor Ehrlich insists that specific is not yet tobe used on human beings.

2 Five hundred thousand marks for benefit of poor be-queathed to City Council of Stuttgart by late CommercialCouncillor Alexander von Pflaum.

2. Consul-General Franz Philippson, Brussels, endows aPhilippson Chair at Institute for Science of Judaism, atBerlin, in memory of his father, Dr. Ludwig Philippson.


GERMANY (.continued)Feb. 9. Academy of Fine Arts elects Berlin painter Max Lieber-

mann a corresponding member.9. A number of Jews, residing in various parts of Germany,

included in honor list in connection with recent Ordensf est.9. Commercial Councillor Bamberger, Berlin, appointed

Officer and Councillor of Health. Dr. Herzberg, of Berlin,appointed Commander of Belgian Order of Leopold.

16. Dr. Lydia Rabinowitsch-Kempner, Berlin, coadjutor toDr. Robert Koch and Dr. Orth, receives title of Professorfrom Emperor.

23. Grand Duke of Saxe confers on Ludwig Barnay Com-mander's Cross of White Falcon, on occasion of hisseventieth birthday.

Mch. 8. The Frankfurter Zeitung publishes article by a non-Jew,Professor Friedrich Schwally, of Giessen, on the Falashasin Abyssinia. He quotes from Christian missionary organsto prove failure of efforts at their conversion.

11. Centenary of Prussia's emancipation of Jews celebrated.15. Of five recipients of an award of one thousand crowns

each made by the Eduard von Bauernfeld foundation forauthors of best current German plays, four are Jews: Dr.Friedrich Adler, Felix Salten, Siegfried Trebitsch, andJacob Wassermann.

16. Arno Kuhn, Mannheim, appointed Consul for Republicof Columbia in Grand Duchy of Baden.

22. Anti-Semitic articles in Conservative press respectingcelebration of centenary of Jewish emancipation inPrussia.

23. Prominent non-Jewish Germans, Austrians, and Danessign statement denouncing ritual murder accusation inconnection with Yuschinsky case in Russia.

29. Max Liebermann, professor and painter, receives fromUniversity of Berlin honorary degree of Doctor of Phi-losophy.

Apl. (beginning). Central Committee of Alliance Israelite Uni-verselle for Germany constituted at Berlin.

5. Dr. Harburger, Professor at University of Munich andCouncillor at Court of Appeal, appointed President ofSenate of Supreme Court.

12. Max Liebermann, University of Berlin, elected Senatorof the Academy.

21. Report in New York Times that Hilfsverein der Deut-schen Juden is taking steps to divert Russian immigrantsto Ottoman Empire.


GERMANY (continued)May 3. Hilfsverein der Deutschen Juden, Berlin, sends four

thousand dollars for relief of sufferers at Fez, Morocco.8. Congress of Orthodox Jews at Cologne to organize All-

World Society to protect interests of Orthodox Judaism;leader, Rabbi Cohen, of Basle, Switzerland.

10. Circular advocating creation of International Union,Agudath Israel, inviting orthodox communities to sendrepresentatives to private conference at Kattowitz, May27, issued at Berlin by Dr. Breuer, Frankfort; Dr. Feil-chenfeld, Posen; Isaac Halevy, Hamburg; Dr. Hoffmann,Rector of Berlin Rabbinical Seminary, and others.

10. Emperor confers Order of Crown, Third Class, on Pro-fessor Dr. Sulzbach.

10. Aaron Hirsch, Halberstadt, offers prize of twenty thou-sand marks for plan and model of motor life-boat to beseaworthy at least twenty-four hours and launchable inhalf a minute.

10. Moses Hoffman, Berlin, elected Chief Rabbi of provinceof Emden.

24. Executive of the International Hygienic Exhibition heldlast year at Dresden confers on Max Grunwald, Vienna,Austria, honorary diploma for scientific cooperation inhistorical section.

June 7. New anti-Semitic party founded in Leipzig. Membersmust agree never to intermarry with Jewish people.

7. Emperor confers Red Eagle Order on Privy CouncillorBoas and Adolph Salomon.

14. Report that Government offers to place Hebrew gym-nasium in Jaffa, Palestine, on equality with German StateGymnasia if more German is taught under direction of acertified German teacher.

14. Movement by Union of German Students to " purge "Prussian Universities of " foreign " elements, especially inKoenigsberg and Dantzig. Leaders demand restrictionsupon admission of Jews by discriminatory fees.

14. Moses Mendelssohn Chair to be established at Institutefor Jewish Science, Berlin.

14. King of Saxony confers title of Professor on Dr. Winter,Rabbi of Dresden Community.

14. Council of Jewish Community, Berlin, refers to SpecialCommittee proposal to abolish separation of sexes In twosynagogues, in course of construction.

18. Celebration of centenary of Gottlieb Gluge, physiologist,Brakel, Westphalia.


GERMANY (continued)June 21. Movement in Frankfort-on-the-Main for erection of

statue of Heine results in anti-Jewish disorders and massmeeting of protest.

21. Celebration of centenary of Moses Hess, philosopherand Zionist, Bonn.

21. Baron von Hertling, Bavarian Premier, complains inHouse that discord among Jews makes it impossible forGovernment to introduce bill for regulation of Communityas soon as promised.

28. Herr Abromowitch acts as postman in first postalservice by aeroplane between Mannheim and Heidelberg.

28. Movement to prevent admission of Russo-Jewish stu-dents to Munich University caused by friendly attitude ofJewish students toward Professor Brentano, a Socialist,who is unpopular among Catholic and conservativestudents.

29. Hans Hertwig, editor-in-chief, Staatsbiirger Zeitung,Berlin, sentenced to week's imprisonment, for publishingattacks against Jewish religion.

NECEOLOGT1911

July 14. Hermann Senator, Privy Medical Counsellor, Berlin,aged 77.

Aug. 4. Heineman Vogelstein, Rabbi-historian, Stettin, at St.Moritz, Switzerland, aged 70.

Sept. 22. Wilhelm Langenbach, Commercial Councillor, Darm-stadt, aged 70.

Oct. 20. Dr. Pollack, Privy Judicial Councillor, Berlin, aged 67.27. Heinrich Merzbach, Commercial Councillor, Offenbach,

aged 71.31. Salomon Fuld, member Comite Central of Alliance

Israelite Universelle, Frankfort-on-the-Main.Nov. 10. Jacob Hamburger, Chief Rabbi, Mecklenburg-Strelitz,

aged 8~5.10. Max Jaffe\ Medical Privy Councillor, Konigsberg.12. Bernhard Frankel, throat specialist, Berlin, aged 77.24. Georg Arnstadt, Privy Councillor, Chairman of Super-

visory Council of Bank of Dresden and Consul-General forItaly in Dresden, at Berlin.

Dec. 8. Dr. Marcus, Mayor, Bremen, at Weisser-Hirsch.15. Martin Kallmann, Electrician to City of Berlin.22. Henri Cahn-Dreyfus, communal worker, Strasburg.29. Abraham Strauss, Talmudist, Alzenau, aged 70.


GERMANY (continued)1912

Jan. 5. Alexander von Pflaum, Privy Councillor, Berlin.19. B. Friedmann, communal worker, Berlin, aged 90.19. J. Ollendorf, Judge, Breslau.19. Max Loeb, Judge, Mayence.19. Josef Hess, President of Jewish Community, Birstein.

Feb. 2. Louis Sklover, Judge, Tilsit, East Prussia, aged 49.2. Julius Pagel, scientist, Berlin, aged 61.

16. Max Rosenberg, philanthropist, Posen.16. Naphtali Samson, philanthropist, Hamburg, aged 86.17. Salomon Lefmann, Professor of Sanscrit at University of

Heidelberg, aged 80.20. Wilhelm Klempere, Rabbi, Berlin.

(end). Hugo Lubliner, playwright, Berlin, aged 66.(end). Moritz Jastrowitz, scientist, Berlin, aged 73.(end). Jacob Driessen, Director of Landstift and Secretary of

Oberrat of Grand Duchy of Baden, Karlsruhe,(end). Edmund Singer, violinist, Stuttgart, aged 81.

Mar. 10. Leon Lewisohn, merchant, Berlin, aged 62.15. Dr. Sigismund, physician and writer, Berlin, aged 45.15. Jacob Markuse, educator, Berlin, aged 82.15. Nathan Levy, soldier of Schleswig-Holstein war 1848,

Segeberg, aged 86.May 16. Samuel Back, Rabbi, Lissa, Silesia, aged 79.

17. Benno Jacobson, author and critic, Berlin.17. Emil Jacob, commercial Privy Councillor, Berlin, aged

67.26. Martin Peltaroth, member Prussian Landtag.31. Amalie Levy, nurse in Prussian wars of 1864, 1866, and

1870-71, Frankfort-on-the-Main, aged 77.

GREAT BRITAIN AND COLONIES1911

July (beginning). At mass meeting, Hull, resolution adoptedrequesting Government to withdraw Sunday closing clauseof Shop Hours Bill. Resolution signed by seventy shop-keepers, traders, and sympathizers, and forwarded toAlderman H. Feldman, M. P., local representative of Boardof Deputies.

2. Jewish Board of Guardians, Sheffield, adopt resolutionprotesting against Sunday closing clause of Shop HoursBill. Copies of resolution forwarded to Home SecretaryChurchill and local members of Parliament.

5. Sir Rufus Isaacs, K. C, M. P., sworn in as member of thePrivy Council.


GREAT BRITAIN AND COLONIES (continued)July 7. P. Blashki, J. P., Melbourne, appointed Justice of the

Peace for all the bailiwicks of Victoria.7. Home Secretary, on behalf of Government, drafts num-

ber of new clauses to Shop Hours Bill to meet objectionsto it.

10. Mass meeting protesting against Sunday clause of ShopHours Bill, attended by D. L. Alexander, K. C, Lionel deRothschild, M. P., Stuart M. Samuel, M. P., Hon. HarryLawson, M. P., Leopold de Rothschild, and others. GrandCommittee in House of Commons adopts Mr. Churchill'snew clause defining exempted areas in London.

11. Second reading of Slaughter of Animals Bill passed.Board of Deputies and Shehitah Board lay Jewish aspectOf question before authors of the Bill.

11. London Times publishes despatch from Vienna corre-spondent charging Jews with influencing Salonica Com-mittee and harsh measures against Albanians; strongprotest from the Haham Dr. Gaster.

14. Swaythling Silver loaned to the nation.17. Resolution adopted by Glasgow Jewish Shopkeepers pro-

testing against Sunday clauses of Shop Hours Bill. Copyof resolution to be forwarded to Home Secretary, theGlasgow Members for Parliament, and President ofBoard of Deputies for British Jews.

20. Sunday closing clauses of Shop Hours Bill furtheramended in Committee by Home Secretary.

21. Julius Berend Cohen, Professor Organic Chemistry Uni-versity of Leeds, elected Fellow of the Royal Society,London.

26. Memorial service at Great Synagogue, London, for lateChief Rabbi.

28. Sir Matthew Nathan, London, appointed Chairman ofBoard of Inland Revenue.

29. The Jewish question discussed at the InternationalRaces Congress.

Aug. 2. Alderman Henry Hart completes his jubilee of serviceon the Canterbury Council.

4. Disturbances in Montreal as result of activity of con-versionists.

4. Rev. 1.1. Mattuck elected first minister of Liberal JewishSynagogue.

8. The Haham Dr. Gaster writes letter to Board ofDeputies, protesting against form of amendment intro-duced into Slaughter of Animals Bill at instance of Board.

.142 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

GREAT BRITAIN AND COLONIES (.continued)Aug. 18. University of Birmingham confers Honorary Degree of

D. C. L. on Professor Dr. Hermann Oppenheim.19. Violent attack on Jews in South Wales. Large number

of Jews ruined and some forced to leave district. Riotsassume such proportions as to compel reading of Riot Actand use of militia.

25. Sir Philip Magnus, M. P., resigns Presidency of BerkeleyStreet Synagogue.

25. S. Salaman, Lieutenant-Colonel, Kimberley, SouthAfrica, promoted commanding officer of Kimberley Regi-ment.

25. Hebrew National Society, Montreal, formed for purposeof frustrating conversionist activity.

29. Meeting convened by chairman, of Tredegar (SouthWales) District Council adopts resolution protestingagainst " disgraceful rioting and looting" in attack onJews in South Wales.

Sept. 1. University of St. Andrews at celebration of five hun-dredth anniversary confers honorary degree of LL. D. onDr. Georg Brandes, Professor of Literature at Universityof Copenhagen, and on Professor Raphael Meldola, Profes-sor of Chemistry at Finsbury Technical College (City ofLondon Institute).

2. Henry E. Davis, Alderman, re-elected Mayor, Gravesend.8. F. C. Hollander, J. P., re-elected Mayor of Durban.8. Cornerstone of first synagogue in Alberta, Canada, laid.

11. Bethnal Green Board of Guardians, London, reject bidof Jewish contractors. Action reversed at meeting Sept.19, but contractors decline to accept award.

17. Foundation stone of Yiddish theatre laid.22. Bertram Jacobs appointed Lecturer on Law at Uni-

versity College, South Wales.29. Henry F. Barnet elected Municipal Council, St. Kilda,

Melbourne.29. Joe Cohen elected first Jewish member of Leeds Board

of Guardians.Oct. 2. East End Guardians, London, pass resolution that " no

child of Christian faith is to be sent to service with personsof Jewish Religion."

4. Stepney Borough Council, London, adopts resolutionurging Government to pass further measures regulatingalien immigration.

4. Home Secretary Churchill expresses willingness to omitSunday-closing clauses from Shop Hours Bill.

13. Clarence I. de Sola, Montreal, appointed Belgian consulby King of Belgium.


GREAT BRITAIN AND COLONIES (.continued)Oct. 13. Telegrams received in London from Malta, Gabes, and

Djerba, appealing for help for many thousands of Jewishrefugees from Tripoli.

16. Shehitah Board and Spanish and Portuguese Congre-gation protest against action of Board of Deputies onSlaughter of Animals Bill giving authority to grant a cer-tificate to a Shohet.

18. Site of New Synagogue put up at auction and with-drawn.

20. Home Secretary declines to reduce sentences In connec-tion with anti-Jewish riots in Wales.

22. Board of Deputies in response to objections from HahamDr. Gaster and others revise action with respect toauthority for control of Shehitah as provided in Slaughterof Animals Bill.

27. Samuel Morris, Doncaster, elected member of TownCouncil.

27. Beth Din, Manchester, Shehitah Board, adopts resolu-tion protesting against amendment proposed by Board ofDeputies to Animals Slaughter Bill.

28. Jewish deputation on the Insurance Bill received byChancellor of the Exchequer.

Nov. 8. Lord Rothschild celebrates his seventy-first birthday.10. Frank I. Cohen, Glasgow, Scotland, re-elected on Town

Council.10. Frederick M. Davis appointed by British Board of Agri-

culture and Fisheries as assistant naturalist in connectionwith International Fisheries Investigation.

10. G. Goldston, Stockton, elected member of Town Council.10. A. H. Jessel, K. C, elected a Bencher of Lincoln's Inn.10. Myer Fredman, J. P., Alderman, elected Mayor of Devon-

port by Town Council.17. The King, on recommendation of Home Secretary, ap-

points Israel A. Symmons, London, a metropolitan PoliceMagistrate.

17. Movement among largest employers, Sydney, Australia,to close all workshops and business houses on Saturdayssupported by Jewish community.

17. Synagogues contributing to Chief Rabbi's Fund invitedto send delegates to a Conference on the Chief Rabbinate.

17. Seventieth anniversary of London Jewish Chronicle.19. Vote of censure for President of Board of Deputies de-

feated at meeting. D. L. Alexander upholds action ofBoard in regard to recent South Wales riots.

10


GREAT BRITAIN AND COLONIES (continued)Nov. 24. Member of Monmouthshire Standing Joint Committee,

at meeting, strongly criticises attitude of police in recentriots in Tredegar, Wales.

24. Lazarus Klein, Farm Bellevue, elected member ofDivisional Council in Cape Province, South Africa, fordistrict of Tulbagh.

25. Replying to inquiries of Mr. O'Grady, Member of Parlia-ment, Sir Edward Grey, Secretary of State for ForeignAffairs, states that Government is aware of discriminationagainst English Jews practised by Russian Governmentin matter of passports; that no agreement countenancingsuch discrimination exists between Great Britain andRussia; and that so long as " the Russian regulationsrespecting persons of the Jewish faith are applied to allpersons alike, irrespective of nationality, which HisMajesty's Government have reason to believe to be thecase, they have no treaty grounds for protest. It is notpractical to ask for special exceptions to be made in favorof one particular profession."

25. North Manchester United Synagogue adopts resolutionsregretting that invitations to forthcoming conference onChief Rabbinate have been withheld from a number ofcongregations, and declaring that no Chief Rabbi will berecognized as spiritual head of British Jewry who has notbeen chosen by votes of representatives of all orthodoxHebrew congregations of Great Britain and Ireland.

Dec. 1. Peter Bercovitch, Montreal, Can., appointed King'sConsul.

1. Strong protest at meeting of Baron de Hirsch Institutein Montreal against forcible teaching of Christian Script-ures in schools largely attended by Jewish children.

3. Meeting Tabor Hall, Calgary, Canada, to protest againstreligious education in public schools.

7. Jewish slaughter methods attacked at London meeting,convened for purpose of urging establishment of publicabattoirs.

7. Honorary degree of LL. D. conferred by CambridgeUniversity on Lord Rothschild.

7. Arthur M. Myers, member for Auckland City, East NewZealand, re-elected.

8. Lionel Abrahams, C. B., of India Office, appointed mem-ber of Committee on West African Currency by Secretaryof State for Colonies.

15. Directorate of International Hygiene Exhibition, Dres-den, awards Dr. Myer Coplans, Demonstrator in Public


GREAT BRITAIN AND COLONIES (.continued)Health and Bacteriology in University of Leeds, diplomaof honor, in recognition of his scientific research andservices in advancement of medical science.

Dec. 15. The King, in commemoration of his coronation, confersbaronetcy on Sir Jacob David Sassoon, and appoints RobertNathan, C. I. E., Companion of the Order of Star of India.

22. Council of University, Cape Town, confirms resolutionto include Hebrew among optional subjects in syllabus formatriculation.

22. Board of Deputies, London, decides to petition for aboli-tion of writing and reading tests in connection withnaturalization of aliens.

22. The Russian passport question considered at meeting ofConjoint Committee of Board and Anglo-Jewish Associa-tion, London. Memorandum on subject being prepared.

22. Dr. Charles Waldstein, Cambridge University, resignsSlade Professorship of Fine Arts.

23. London Outlook prints anti-Jewish editorial uponJewish power in United States and in Russia.

29. Award of Order of Mercy to Mrs. Leopold de Rothschild,Miss N. Stettauer, and Mrs. Michael.

1912Jan. 1. S. Newman, London, and Geo. Albo and Lionel Phillips,

of South Africa, baronetted by King.5. Edward Beit von Speyer appointed Consul-General,

Frankfort.5. Cablegram to New York American from London reports

that leaders of Anglo-Jewish community decide to beginmovement against Russia's discrimination against BritishJews. Joint Committee formed by Anglo-Jewish Asso-ciation and Board of Deputies.

7. General meeting of seatholders, Berkeley Street Syna-gogue, London, adopts, by small majority, recommenda-tions of its council for introduction of English in festivalservices; English already used in Sabbath service.

9. Dr. Gaster makes effective reply in London Times toviolent attack by Rev. J. Basil Rust, in same paper, onEast End Jews.

12. Emperor of Germany bestows Order of Red Eagle onEmil Moser, Bradford, England.

12. Council of London Chamber of Commerce, presided overby Lord Desborough, adopts resolution to make representa-tions to Foreign Office as to regulations imposed uponJewish commercial travellers in Russia, and to urge jointaction by all countries concerned.


GREAT BRITAIN AND COLONIES (continued)Jan. 14. Conference of Delegates, London, for election of Chief

Rabbi of England.31. Federation of Synagogues secedes from conference of

United Synagogue because voting powers are based on sub-scriptions to Chief Rabbi's Fund.

Feb. 2. Joseph Notrica, banker, Island of Rhodes, announcesthat he will defray cost of building school for Jewish girls.

4. Meeting of sub-committee, London, appointed by recentconference on Chief Rabbinate adopts resolution regret-ting action of Federation in seceding from Conference.

7. Jewish Board of Deputies of Transvaal and Natal opposenew language test in proposed Aliens Bill. Meeting atJohannesburg protests against bill desiring recognition ofYiddish as a language.

16. Abraham Blumenthal, Montreal, Can., elected Aldermanto Montreal City Council. First Jewish alderman elected.

16. Samuel Daiches, lecturer at Jews' College, London, ad-mitted as member of Faculty of Arts, at meeting of Senateof University of London.

16. Bunin Menahem Messa, Aden, appointed member RoyalVictorian Order, Fourth Class.

23. Degree of LL. D. conferred by London University onDayan Moses Hyamson, " an external student."

29. Letter in London Times, signed by D. L. Alexander,K. C, and Claude Monteflore on behalf of Conjoint Com-mittee of Board of Deputies and Anglo-Jewish Association,strongly protests against treatment accorded British Jewsby Russia in matter of passports.

29. Osmond Elim d'Avigdor Goldsmid, Somerhill, Tonbridge,appointed Sheriff of Kent by the King.

29. Canadian Parliament adopts bill deciding to " nation-alize " Queen's College of Kingston. Measure providesthat administration and faculty be distinctly Christian,thus preventing a Jew from holding any office or chair oflearning.

Mch. 1. In response to petition, Canadian Minister of Customsdecides to remit prevailing duty on Matzot.

1. Twenty-two trade unions, political organizations, andeducational bodies, London, form Russian Atrocities Pro-test Agitation Conference.

1. Raphael Meldola elected President of Institute ofChemistry of Great Britain and Ireland.

4. Murderous attack on life of Leopold de Rothschild, Lon-don, fails.


GREAT BRITAIN AND COLONIES (.continued)Mch. 8. Deputation including Lyon Cohen, Alderman Blumen-

thai, Rabbi Jacobs, and Max "Wolfe appear before Legisla-tion Committee of Dominion House of Parliament to pro-test against clause in proposed charter of Queen's Col-lege, Kingston, Ont, prohibiting employment of non-Christians in faculty.

14. Jewish memorial to late King Edward unveiled atStepney, London, by Hon. Charles Rothschild.

15. Despite protests of Jewish communities, Canada, bill foramendment of charter of Queen's College, Kingston, bar-ring Jews from faculty, passes the Legislation Committeeof Dominion House of Commons unamended. H. B. Ames,M. P., promises to fight bill when it comes up in House.

16. Friedlaender Lectureship established in Jews' College,London, in memory of Professor Michael Friedlaender.

22. French population of Revieer, Province of Quebec, electHorace Hyman Mayor.

24. Bill for " nationalization " of Queen's College, Kingston,Ont., modified so as to permit employment on faculty ofmen of " Christian character."

29. Under auspices of Russian Atrocities Protest Confer-ence meeting held, London, to protest against Russianatrocites.

Apl. 12. King George V appoints Lord Michelham Knight Com-mander of Royal Victorian Order.

15. London Times announces discovery of papyrus volumecontaining text of greater part of Book of Deuteronomy,whole of Jonah, and nearly all the Acts of the Apostles.

19. Louis Infeld, Cambridge, appointed on first division staffof National Health Insurance Commission, England.

22. Nancy Isaacs, Melbourne, Australia, appointed Judgeof Supreme Court, Melbourne.

22. Meeting of East End Jewish shopkeepers, London, passesresolution petitioning local Borough Council to grantJewish East End traders exemption under the Shops Act.

26. Arthur Myers, Auckland, receives the portfolios ofFinance, Defence, and Railways, in the New ZealandCabinet.

May 6. Archbishops of Canterbury and York and Bishops ofLondon, Winchester, Bath, and Wells, Birmingham, Car-lisle, Chester, Exeter, Gloucester, Hereford, Lichfield,Liverpool, Manchester, Oxford, Rochester, St. Albans,Stepney, Wakefield, and Worcester, Cardinal Bourne, Car-dinal of Ireland, Dukes of Norfolk, Northumberland, LordRoseberry, Lord Roberts, Lord Cromer, Lord Milner,Arthur James Balfour, Speaker of the House of Commons,


GREAT BRITAIN AND COLONIES (continued)Lord Mayor of London, and many other prominent states-men, clergymen, scientists, and literary men, sign protestagainst attempt made in Kieff to raise ritual murdercharge in connection with Yuschinsky case.

May 8. Baron Heyking, Russian Consul-General, London, pub-lishes letter in Times protesting against British denuncia-tion of charge of ritual murder in Russia.

9. Cablegram from London, to Jewish Daily News, NewYork, reports that ITO has decided to consider offer ofPortugal to establish Jewish colony in its West Africanpossession, Angola.

12. Decision rendered at meeting of Shehitah Board, Leeds,that Jewish butchers may no longer slaughter for non-Jewish trade by any other than Jewish method.

13. Formal declaration of vacancy of office of Chief Rabbi ofEngland made with invitation of applications. Resolu-tions of Rabbinate conference reproduced in extenso con-firmed at meeting of Council of United Synagogue.

13-14. Exhibit, London, of work of pupils of Bezalel Schoolof Arts and Crafts and the Evelina de Rothschild School,Jerusalem.

19. Alterations in ritual at New West End Synagogue, Lon-don, agreed to at meeting of seatholders.

30. At special meeting Federation of Synagogues unani-mously declines to take part with United Synagogue inelection of Chief Rabbi.

31. Baron de Worms and M. H. Spielmann elected membersof Council of Royal Society of Literature.

31. Professor Israel Gollancz elected Secretary of Interna-tional Historical Congress to be held at London, 1913.

June (beginning). Cape (South Africa) University Council an-nounces inclusion of Hebrew as optional subject forMatriculation Examination.

2. Board of Deputies decides to endeavor to have ShopsAct, 1912, amended so that Jews who close on Saturdaysand Jewish holidays, and are unable or unwilling to tradeon Sunday, may obtain relief from closing on a furtherhalf-day in each week.

11. Sir Rufus Isaacs, Attorney-General, London, made amember of the Cabinet.

11. Sir Edward Grey, in reply to Dr. Addison, M. P., stateshe does not expect any concession by Russian Governmentin matter of passport discrimination against British Jews.

11. Sir Philip Sassoon, Bart., elected Unionist Member ofParliament for the Hythe Boroughs, to succeed his father,the late Sir Edward Sassoon.


GREAT BRITAIN AND COLONIES (continued)June 12. Sir Edward Grey, Foreign Secretary, in a letter states

that he expects to receive a memorial respecting the rightof British Jews to visit Russia, which will receive attentiveconsideration. But under article 1 of Treaty of 1859 hefears little can be accomplished, unless it can be shownthat British subjects are treated less favorably than Jewsof other countries.

14. David Landauer, London, ennobled and awarded, byKing of Wurtemberg, Cross of Honor of the Crown ofWiirtemberg.

14. King of Sweden confers Knighthood of First Class ofthe Royal Order of Wasa, on Edwin O. Sachs, London.

14. Charles Waldstein, archeologist, Cambridge, England,born in New York, knighted in honor of birthday of KingGeorge V. Dr. Marc Aurel Stein made knight of Order ofthe Indian Empire.

14. Stuart M. Samuel, M. P., made baronet in honor of birth-day of King George V.

16. Meyer Jung formally inducted in office as Chief Ministerof Federation of Synagogues.

23. Chief Rabbinate Selection Committee of the UnitedSynagogue recommends names of Dr. "J. H. Hertz (NewYork) and Dr. M. Hyamson (London), and also Dr. Ber-nard Drachman (New York), if he agrees to submit hisname, as candidates.

NECROLOGY1911

July 18. Herman Adler, Chief Rabbi of England, London, aged72.

Aug 28. Marcus Hast, Hazan and musical composer, London,aged 71.

Sept. 1. Saltiel D. Nathan, communal worker, Perth, WesternAustralia.

22. Henry Nathan, communal worker, London, aged 56.23. Solomon David Schloss, communal worker, Eastbourne,

aged 97.26. Jacques Fontyn, first Jewish Postmaster, London, aged

76.Oct. 3. George Sonnenthal, volunteer Russian Army, Wolding-

ham, Surrey, aged 62.5. Percy M. C. Hart, communal worker, London, aged 31.

13. Sigmund Fischel, communal worker, Montreal, Canada.Nov. 27. Joshua Binion, Civil Engineer, Johannesburg, South

Africa, aged 40.


GREAT BRITAIN AND COLONIES (.continued)Dec. 1. Jacob Morris, Rabbi, Durham, aged 75.

5. Leopold Seligman, banker, London, aged 80.7. Sir George Lewis, Bart., C. V. O., lawyer, London, aged

78.26. Alfred Wolff, physician and communal worker, Birming-

ham, aged 58.1912

Jan. 9. Rachel Adler, widow of the Chief Rabbi, London, aged74.

11. Maurice Isaac Maisden, communal worker, Bourne-mouth.

12. Henry Emanuel Cohen, Judge Supreme Court, NewSouth Wales, Australia, aged 71.

12. Myer Davis, communal worker and historian, London,aged 82.

18. Hyam Moses Joseph, former Mayor and Deputy Sheriff,Monaro, New South Wales, aged 77.

Feb. 12. Lord Wandsworth (Sidney Stern), banker, London, aged67.

19. Mrs. Esther Keyser, communal worker, London, aged 94..23. Lady Benjamin, communal worker, Melbourne, Aus-

tralia, aged 73.27. William George Raphael, banker, London, aged 47.29. A. J. W. Samuel, communal worker, Liverpool, aged 57.

Mch. 1. Lewis Saunders, Justice of Peace in State of Victoriaand Consul-General for Liberia, East Melbourne.

4. Albert Altman, member City Corporation, Liverpool,aged 73.

13. Arthur Sassoon, Commander of Victorian Order, London,aged 72.

Apl. 5. Abraham Hoffnung, merchant and Charge1 d'Affaires,Hawaii, at Holyport, aged 80.

25. Isaac Genese, communal worker, London, aged 73.28. Albert Samuel, communal worker, London, aged 60.

May 4. Isaac Samuel Jawlikar, Subedar Sardar Major Bahadur,Thana (near Bombay), aged 92.

21. Julius Charles Wernher, de Beers diamond syndicate,London.

24. Daniel Lancia, communal worker, Belfast.26. Sir Edward Sassoon, philanthropist, London, aged 56.28. Simon Jacob, oldest Freemason in England, London,

aged 100.28. M. A. Epstein, Rabbi, Brondesbury, aged 66.31. Benjamin Tarshish, communal worker, Manchester,

aged 66.


RUSSIA1911

July 7. Jews of Almazny petition Czar against lawlessness of hissubordinates. At Nikolaieff, protest organized with viewto preserving right of residence of twenty-seven thousandJews living there. Municipality, lawyers, financiers, andnobility oppose expulsions because of withdrawal ofJewish deposits from banks and credit institutions, andinjury to standing of district.

7. Revision of percentage norm of students to be admittedthis year to educational institutions will result in totalexclusion of Jews in many cases and admit only insignifi-cant number in others.

7. At Viatka, Governor expels all Jewish students attend-ing local educational institutions whose parents live else-where; law permits students to reside in educationalcentres.

7. Police interrupt activities of Jewish literary societies.Warsaw organization raided, and forty-five membersarrested for unknown reasons. Houses of members ofBerditcheff society searched.

7. Reported that sixty-seven converted Jews returned toold faith in 1909, making total of four hundred andseventy-six, according to official statistics, since publica-tion of the Freedom of Conscience Manifesto, 1905.

14. M. Stolypin enters into agreement with all well-knownanti-Semitic heads of churches and monasteries, withview to enlisting their support against all pro-Jewishcondidates at general election.

14. Governor of Petrokoff (on Polish frontier) instructedto prevent entry of all foreign Jews without special permit.

14. Moscow Municipality at demand of anti-Jewish agitatorsrefers to Veterinary Commission question whether Jewishmethod of Shehitah is sufficiently humane to be allowed.

14. As result of Ministerial order prohibiting Jews fromusing Russian first names, General Tolmatcheff institutestrials against prominent Jews.

21. Russians arrested in connection with murder of Yu-schinsky, alleged victim of ritual murder.

21. Timber Exchange, Minsk, despatches to Governmentstrong petition on behalf of Jews in the trade. Sets forthdamage done by policy of restrictions and regards totalabolition of laws against Jewish timber merchants essen-tial to prosperity.

21. Russki Invalid, court military organ, publishes inspiredarticle declaring Jewish soldiers worthless, and an evil in-fluence on Russian recruits; advises imposition of tax


RUSSIA (.continued)of one hundred or one hundred and fifty roubles on Jewishfamilies, and exclusion of their sons from army.

July 21. St. Petersburg authorities order closing of headquartersof Union of Jewish Literary Societies and of numerousbranches in Jewish provincial centres.

28. Koorsk community sends strong protest to Governor andto Public Prosecutor against pogrom meeting addressedby Bishop Pitirim and Deputy Markoff, and against localanti-Jewish organ. Prosecutor promises Crown Rabbiassistance.

28. St. Petersburg correspondent of London Times reportsthat Premier Stolypin suggests that banks restrict creditto Jewish merchants.

28. In accordance with recommendations of Ministry ofJustice, Senate prohibits Assistant Advocates to appear intrials before the Senate, thus revolutionizing status ofJewish Assistant Advocates.

Aug. (beginning). With aid of " Real Russians," several servicesorganized in provinces in memory of Yuschinsky. In-flammatory literature spread in the villages against Jews,accusing Kieff Rabbi of crime.

4. M. Stolypin's scheme for restricting Jews in bankingand commercial transactions discussed at Cabinet Council,which also decides to impose tax of six roubles per annum,payable for four years, on all families whose members areexempt from military service. Jews see in this beginningof substitution of taxation for service.

4. St. Petersburg Jewish community decides to openTeacher's Training College and Museum in memory of lateBarons Horace and David de Gunzburg.

4. Owing to expected visit of Czar to Kieff all Jews ofNikolskaja Sloboda (outside Kieff and part of Pale) willbe temporarily expelled.

4. " Real Russians " resolve to continue agitation againstJews in spite of establishment of guilt of stepfather of Yu-schinsky, and General Bogdanovitch, organizer of 1905massacres, leaves for Kieff to make investigations. De-mand of anti-Jewish agitators for new " official patriotic "inquiry into murder granted, as well as release of step-father of Yuschinsky, in spite of evidence against him.

4. Russian Minister of Foreign Affairs undergoes anti-tuberculosis treatment by Dr. Alexander Marmorek, ofParis.

4. Jewish community of Ekaterinoslaff petitions Govern-ment for permission to erect a medical school near Jewish


RUSSIA (continued)hospital. Permit allowing petition on condition that onlyfifteen per cent of students shall be Jewish rejected bycommunity.

Aug. 11. Fires impoverish two thousand Jews at Tulishkoff; twohundred Jewish families lose all their property at Mlava;two hundred Jewish houses burnt at Konskavola and onelife lost. Two lives lost at Ksheloff.

17. Further arrests in connection with the blood libel inRussia.

18. Senate, reviving old statute for long time disregarded,issues order prohibiting Jews in possession of highereducational certificates from owning real estate outsidePale, and demanding that Jews possessing such propertyshall part with it, and that authorities shall prosecutethem for violating the law.

18. Ministry prohibits holders of certificates of a privategymnasium from entering universities as either matricu-lated or non-matriculated students, and decides withoutconcurrence of Duma to enforce percentage restrictionsfor Jewish external students in high schools similar tothose recently enforced in secondary schools.

18. Further arrests made in Kieff, in connection with bloodlibel, since release of Yuschinsky's stepfather. Thosearrested afterward released and expelled from Kieff.

18. Monk Iliadore tours Volga district, preaching hostilityto Jews; Governors of provinces of district aid him. AtNizhni-Novgorod, monk's followers after lecture attackand injure several Jews in streets.

18. German nobles in Baltic provinces assemble privatelyto determine upon their attitude, at general elections,towards candidature of M. Niselovitch, representative ofBaltic provinces, and decide to oppose return of Jewishdeputy.

18. Government Inspector of Jewish Colonization Associa-tion's institutions declares that Ministry will ask ICA toabandon internal activity and restrict its activity toemigration.

18. Two suburbs of Rozchitzi, province of Volhynia, with-drawn from Pale by acquiring status of villages. Orderresults in expulsion of one hundred and fifty Jewishfamilies.

25. Reported from Warsaw that Chief of Police of Pultuskorders announcement to be made in synagogues that be-cause Jewish young men are suspected of being revolu-tionists, they must remove their hats whenever they en-counter Chief of Police on street, on pain of imprisonmentfor seven days.


RUSSIA (continued)Aug. 25. " Real Russians " of Stari-Viesh (Siedlce) attack Jews;

several injured.25. Priests Iliadore and Mokari and Dr. Dubrovin decide

at Moscow to organize religious and " nationalist " demon-strations of peasants, to arouse anti-Jewish agitation andto put the Yuschinsky case before the masses from a " RealRussian " standpoint.

25. M. Stolypin punishes several bodies of merchants foropposing his anti-Jewish views. Nizhni-Novgorod mer-chants suffer heavy losses, owing to new order prohibitingJews from attending fairs without tendering evidence thatthey have never been involved in criminal affairs. KieffMerchants' Association protests against repeated searchesfor Jewish merchants in city and confiscation of theirgoods. Merchants of Simbirsk also protest against ex-pulsion of Jewish merchants.

25. Joseph "Werkbreit, veteran of Russo-Japanese campaign,in which he won distinction, medals, rescripts, and rankof non-commissioned officer, expelled from Baikal district,Siberia.

Sept. (beginning). Massacres of Jews in connection with bloodlibel narrowly averted in Lodz and Ziradoff.

1. Ministry of Justice drafts bill prohibiting Jewishlawyers from conducting civil cases for Christian clients,and from offering themselves for election as members ofAdvocates' Councils. Measure also aims at general dimi-nution in number of Jewish lawyers.

1. Two hundred and thirty persons expelled from Ostrovo(Kieff); large numbers from Bolshaja, Ekaterina, Ro-sovka, Elenovka, Velikoanadole, and Emilstchina. Thelast is one of one hundred and one villages converted by M.Plehve into townlets, to enable Jews to reside there. AllBokhara and Afghan Jews ordered to leave Caspian dis-trict. Withdrawal of Nikolaieff from Pale causes muchhardship.

1. Acting Governor-General, Warsaw, visited by deputationof community of Suchedneff regarding decision to expeltwo hundred families on ground that village was situatedon peasants' property and therefore closed to Jews. Sig-natures to " Real Russian " petition praying for expulsionof Jews from Lasova and Pavlovka found to be forged byanti-Jewish agitators; peasants had not signed. Odessamunicipality orders exclusion from hospital of all Jewssuffering from chronic diseases.


RUSSIA (.continued)Sept. 1. The Vienna correspondent of Odesskia Nowosti ad-

dresses number of public men, asking for views as to in-fluence which unrestricted right of residence of Jews inAustria-Hungary exercises on economic, social, and cul-tural life of people. General opinion is that equality ofrights granted to Jews in Austria has been of advantage toits economic development.

2. Reported that workingmen's unions, St. Petersburg, ex-pelled seventy-eight Jewish mechanics during July.

8. Russian Government inaugurates new educational yearby closing Pits' Jewish female gymnasium in Kieff, at-tended by a few hundred Jewesses, who will be expelledfrom the city. Jewish children also refused admissionto elementary schools in southwest of Russia and in Kieff,and to Ekaterinoslaff Schools of Commerce, opened andfinanced by TTews.

8. Jewish artisans either expelled or threatened with ex-pulsion from villages of BichofE, Bobrinsk, Orgrieff, andVologda. In first one hundred and fifty families and lasttwo hundred individuals affected. Jewish merchants whohave been permitted to trade in Turchan (Siberia) ex-cluded.

8. Trading certificates to be issued to all Jewish merchantswho resided in Nikolaieff in August, 1906; all other Jewsto be expelled immediately.

8. M. Tcherkass, veteran of Russo-Japanese campaign,decorated with two George Orders for bravery, presentsgrievances of Jewish soldiers to Czar, respecting exclusionfrom army, and prohibition to organize Jewish Lads'Brigades. Permits granted to form Lads' Brigades atOdessa and Kishineff.

8. Iliadore, " The Mad Monk of Tsaritsyn," publicly de-clares that attacks upon Jews and Russian educated classeswill be begun after the holding of the forthcoming Con-gress of the " Black Hundreds."

13. Crown Rabbi Cohen, of Moghileff, accused of having or-ganized a society to aid Jews in avoiding military service,released after nine months' imprisonment and chargewithdrawn.

13. First instalment of Premier Stolypin's anti-Jewishmeasure, restricting Jewish participation in commerce,calls forth protests of merchants; the Retch condemnsscheme, and advocates fullest inquiries into Jewish ques-tion.


RUSSIA (continued)Sept. 14. Premier Stolypin assassinated in Kieff by Bogroff, a

revolutionist. Jews in state of terror, and large numbersleave town.

15. Odessa merchants elect M. Weinstein (among four othermembers) to represent them on electoral college to fillvacancy in Upper House.

21. Government of Czar officially announces its determina-tion to prevent excesses against Jews, following assassina-tion of Stolypin. M. Kokovtzeff, new Premier, takes ex-traordinary measures, despatching large force of troops toKieff to safeguard property and lives of Jews.

22. Fire at Laskarszeff (Siedlce) causes loss to over onethousand Jewish families.

22. As result of assassination of M. Stolypin, entire Minis-terialist-Nationalist Party, ninety-three deputies, join" Real Russians " in demanding new anti-Jewish legisla-tion.

22. M. Kokovtzeff, new Premier, apprised of serious effectwhich reports of M. Stolypin's scheme against Jewishtraders have had on foreign houses, informs severalbankers that scheme will not be put into operation.

22. General Tolmatcheff, Odessa, reported to have declaredthat his resignation is in hands of Ministry, owing to im-possibility of further cooperation with Municipality." Real Russians " are trying their best to keep him inOdessa. M. Purishkevitch and seventeen reactionary or-ganizations telegraph to Czar in favor of Prefect.

29. Jewish resentment at assassination of M. Stolypin wide-spread; memorial services are held in all synagogues, andM. Margolin contributes toward cost of endowing fivebeds in Kieff Jewish hospital in memory of M. Stolypin.

29. Preparations of anti-Jewish agitators to organize po-grom in Kieff reported. Over twelve thousand Jews leaveKieff during week, majority going to Berditcheff. Owingto official precautions only three Jews injured by " RealRussian " gangs.

29. Searches and arrests carried out in hundreds of Jewishhouses, Kieff, with view of discovering Bogroff's ac-complices.

29. Nationalists and " Real Russians " petition Czar for ex-clusion of Jews from Civil Service and legal profession, fortheir disfranchisement, and for vigorous prosecution ofJews using Russian first names. In Minsk, Ekaterinoslaff,and Odessa four lawyers prosecuted for using Russian firstnames.


RUSSIA (continued)Oct. 1-2. Number of serious anti-Jewish outbreaks occur in War-

saw and outlying districts.2. Cablegram to New York Jewish Morning Journal re-

ports " Black Hundreds" national boycott on Jewishdoctors, attorneys, merchants, and theatres with whichJews are associated.

6. Petition prepared by Nationalists requests Czar to expelall Jews, numbering about forty thousand, from Kieff.Anti-Jewish legislation at Yalta demanded. Boycott ofJewish merchants, doctors, lawyers, and theatres in manyplaces.

6. Mendel Beilis, a Jew, committed for trial on charge ofmurdering Yuschinsky for ritual purposes, despite es-tablishment of guilt of boy's stepfather.

6. Kieff Governor orders newspapers to refer to Bogroff,Stolypin's assassin, not as Dimitri, but as Moshko, Jewishequivalent.

6. Report new Governor of Tomsk, Gran, subjects Jews tocruelties and expulsions.

7. Kieff Jews forbidden to erect Succahs without permis-sion of police, which is withheld when Succah can be seenfrom street.

7. Boy whose disappearance causes anti-Jewish outbreakin Osch, Turkestan, and murder of Jew Lilachov foundunhurt immediately after the pogrom. Rioting due toblood libel proclamations circulated in Siberia.

13. Jewish refugees return to Kieff.13. M. Purishkevitch demands exile of all Jews from non-

Pale provinces; prohibition of Jewish trade in villages;restriction of Jewish credit in banks; enforcement ofvigorous laws against Jewish supremacy in the press, andin legal, musical, and pharmaceutical professions, enact-ment of more educational restrictions, measures againstJewish managers of estates, and exclusion of Jews fromarmy.

13. At Dvinsk, hooligans desecrate twenty-five Jewishgraves.

13. Anti-Jewish outbreak in Turkestan.13. M. Gololoboff, Deputy of Right, advises reactionary

Nationalists at Ekaterinoslaff to fight Jews.13. Witness in Yuschinsky ritual murder case retracts

accusation against Beilis.13. Fire destroys Jewish townlet Kostukovitch, Moghileff,

and half of town of Filipova, Suwalk, rendering hundredsof Jewish families homeless.


RUSSIA (continued)Oct. 20. M. Kokovtzeff instructs Siberian authorities to leave un-

disturbed all Jews who resided in Siberia before December9,1909.

21. Governor of Poltava causes arrest of number of Jewishteachers for giving instruction to non-Jewish children.

26. Governor orders Jews in province of Ekaterinoslaff to beexpelled.

27. General Sukhomlinoff, Minister of War, states that by" Czar's command" he is framing measure yielding todemand of nobility and " Real Russians " for exclusion ofJews from army.

28. At reopening of Duma, violent attacks made on Jews inreferring to assassination of M. Stolypin, by State Coun-cillor Akimoff, Rodzianko, President of Duma, Purishke-vitch, Markoff, and others defended by Niselovitch andRoditcheff.

Nov. 2. More than one thousand five hundred Jews in Ekateri-noslaff district who are threatened with expulsion appealto Premier Kokovtzeff. As result Governor issues neworder restricting expulsion to those who have settled theresince 1906.

3. A. Stolypin, brother of late Premier, publishes in NovoeVremya violent anti-Jewish attack advocating extermina-tion of Jews.

3. Restriction of admission of Jews to Schools of Commerceat Minsk and elsewhere occasions visit of many deputa-tions to capital, who show that Institutions were not onlyerected by Jews, but depend on their benevolence.

3. Cable to Jewish Daily News, New York, reports thatRussian Minister of War has prepared a plan to excludeJews from army and require a tax in lieu of militaryservice.

3. Tomsk Jewish deputation at capital request Premier topermit Hebrew teachers and Shohetim to live there.

3. Thirty-eight Jews change religion at Warsaw, and thirtyat Odessa, in order to enter local universities.

3. Three hundred Russian reservists in province of St.Petersburg protest against speech of officer, declaring Jewsto be assassins of M. Stolypin and Yuschinsky.

10. Commercial school of Minsk, obeying order of FinanceMinistry, decides not to accept any more Jewish students.

10. Jewish deputy, Niselovitch, in Duma, demands thatequal rights be granted to Jews.

10. Count Witte appointed President of Imperial Committeeof Finance.


RUSSIA (continued)Nov. 10. Governor of Ekaterinoslaff issues circular demanding of

fifteen hundred Jews proof of right of residence in villages,within period of three days. Many Jews expelled fromKaravan, Novo-Yasinovata, and Nicolo-Michailovsk (nearBachmut).

10. Rabbi and Shohetim attend meeting of Society for Pre-vention of Cruelty to Animals, Odessa, and procure aban-donment of efforts to prohibit Shehitah.

10. Anti-Jewish attacks by recruits at Keltzi, Poland.10. Special inquiries conducted in Kieff concerning Hasi-

dim and their alleged connection with Yuschinsky case.17. Reported from Finland that Parliament decides to ex-

clude Jews from receiving stipends in medical uni-versities.

17. Premier Kokovtzeff announces that he recognizesRussian attitude toward Jews is of violent character.States he cannot interfere with the law, but will see thatcruelties attending expulsions are avoided.

17. Renewed attacks in Duma on Jews by " Real Russians "upon consideration of plan to exclude Jews from prac-ticing medicine in new Siberian provinces.

17. New recruits of Petrokoff, Poland, attack Jews.24. Committee of Upper House agrees to Duma Bill grant-

ing pensions to Jewish teachers in Russian State ele-mentary schools for Jews.

24. Pro-Jewish amendment to Finnish Government bill inDuma offered by Deputy Kurpensky leads to further at-tacks on Jews.

24. Exile of family of Jew Benjaminovitch, who was shot byChief of Police, Uralsk, for failing to collect money fromJews.

24. General Tolmatcheff, Odessa, anticipating election of M.Weinstein as member of Upper House, institutes proceed-ings against him for using Russian first name.

24. Senate permits Governor to annul purchases of prop-erty made by Jews outside Pale.

24. For first time in recent years Senate orders proceedingsagainst a Chief of Police in province of Vitebsk for illegalexile of Jew.

24. New political party formed in Moscow; program mainlydevoted to campaign against Jews.

24. Duma Committee rejects interpellation of anti-Jewishdeputies led by Purishkevitch regarding alleged ritualmurder of Yuschinsky.

11


RUSSIA (continued)Nov. 26. Senate resolves that sanction of Minister of Justice is

requisite for Jews to become Assistant Advocates,(end). " Real Russians " introduce interpellation in Duma, de-

manding of Ministers of Justice and Interior explanationas to arrest by Kieff authorities of stepfather of Yu-schinsky and other " Real Russians." Renewed attacks onJews, and interpellation referred to a committee.

Dec. (beginning). Upon representations made by Maslennikoff,Cadet Deputy, Prime Minister and Minister of Interiorhave expulsions from Astrakhan stopped.

1. General Tolmatcheff, Prefect of Odessa, removed.1. Governor of Nizhni-Novgorod requests, of Minister of

Commerce, powers to exile Jewish Commissioners attend-ing local fairs.

1. To counteract renewed ritual murder agitation eighthundred and thirteen Rabbis publish in Russian pressprotest against accusation.

4. Governor of Ekaterinoslaff issues order for confiscationof property of Jews living in places within province de-clared to be " towns " by Government.

8. Government takes steps to have further inquiry intomurder of Yuschinsky at Kieff.

8. M. Grusenberg, eminent lawyer, and M. Korolenko,editor of Russkoe Bogatstvo, offer to defend Beilis,charged with ritual murder at Kieff.

8. Duma committee adopts, by seventeen votes againstnine, second " Real Russian " interpellation censuring de-tention of Yuschinsky's relatives.

8. Czar sanctions decision of Senate to permit Jewishholders of pharmaceutical diploma to reside in Moscow,irrespective of their occupations.

8. Jewish expulsions continue, unabated, in Ekaterinoslaff,Kherson, St. Petersburg, and Kieff.

8. Rodionor reports to Ministry of Interior, after officialinspection, in favor of extension of Pale by inclusion ofvillages in Southwestern Provinces.

8. Jewish Teachers' Pension Bill in Financial Committeeof Upper House attacked by Durnovo and defended byAssistant Minister of Education Taube.

8. After declaration of Chief of Police of Beltzi district,Bessarabia, that Jews are not under protection of law," Real Russian " peasants at Alexeyevka kill first Jew theymeet in street.

8. M. Haffkine, bacteriologist, awarded St. Vladimir Orderin recognition of services in anti-plague campaign.


RUSSIA (continued)Dec. 8. Minister of Justice censures Kieff authorities for allow-

ing too many Jews to become Assistant Advocates, seeingthat Bogroff was of this profession. Profession thereuponclosed to Jews by authorities.

13. Protest of distinguished litterateurs, professors, scien-tists, members of bar and members of Council of Empireand Duma against charges of ritual murder publishedwidely.

15. The Rossia, the Premier's organ, declares that Govern-ment cannot be expected to grant privileges to foreignJews which Jews in Russia do not possess.

15. Polish Bill prohibiting Jews from occupying posts asMayors and disfranchising a large proportion of Jews isconsidered in the Duma.

15. Renewed attacks on Jews in Duma.15. M. Sosnovsky appointed Prefect of Odessa, to succeed

General Tolmatcheff.15. Success of second interpellation of " Real Russians " on

ritual murder in Duma Committee; Niselovitch requestsPresident of Duma to give House early opportunity to dis-cuss it.

15. Deputies Teslenko and Maklakoff offer to organize de-fence of Beilis, and, together with Grusenberg and Koro-lenko, select greatest legal authorities.

15. Minister of Commerce invites exchanges to send rep-resentatives to conference in St. Petersburg on desirabilityof carrying into effect M. Stolypin's scheme of installingpercentage norm for Jewish exporters at the ports. Ex-changes direct their delegates to oppose measure.

15. Two new blood accusations at Kieff.15. Minister of War submits reports that exclusion of Jews

from army would lead ignorant peasants to regard Jewsas privileged sect.

15. Action of Governor of Ekaterinoslaff in expelling Jewsfrom villages in province leads to representations toMinister of Interior, who again promises that only thosewho have settled there since 1906 will be disturbed,

(middle). Duma receives report from Interpellation Committeerecommending rejection of interpellation accusing Jewishsect of use of Christian blood.

17. Russian Foreign Office declares that M. Bakhmetieff,Russian Ambassador, Washington, made no formal protestagainst abrogation of Treaty of 1832.

22. Guchkoff, former president of Duma, introduces billproviding for prohibitive tariff on American goods in re-taliation for abrogation of Treaty.


RUSSIA (continued)Dec. 22. Grand Dukes Constantine, Boris, Andrei, and Cyril, and

Grand Duchess Elizabeth contribute money towards " RealRussian " Archangel Michael Union.

22. Government cancels order of M. Zilov permitting chil-dren of rich Kieff Jews to enter new Talmud Torahs.

22. Recommendation of Judicial Committee abolishingthree hundred roubles fine for families of missing re-cruits reported to Duma at secret sitting.

22. Upper House adopts Pension Bill for Jewish teachers.22. Merchants' Associations of Irkootsk and Wilna decline

to support local Schools of Commerce, in view of newpercentage norm enforced against Jews.

22. Russian authorities permit reopening of St. PetersburgJewish Literary Society, but permission to open branchesin provinces refused.

22. Objections of Exchange Committees cause Minister ofCommerce to abandon scheme of installing percentagenorm for Jewish exporters at ports.

22. Number of trials and punishment of Jews in Dvinsk,Minsk, Tomsk, Odessa, and St. Petersburg, for usingRussian first names.

22. Odessa authorities cancel General Tolmatcheff's orderrestricting examination of Jewish artisans.

22. Minister of Interior makes anti-Jewish speech in DumaCommittee, recommending that Jews be prohibited frombuying or hiring land in new Chelm province.

27. Bills to exclude American Jews and to raise duties onehundred per cent on all American goods introduced intoDuma by Nationalists.

29. Kieff police compel about four hundred Jewish mer-chants to remove their business to districts already muchcongested. Order equivalent to ruin of both affected Jewsand Russian houses connected with them.

29. Professors of Odessa University publish appeal to publicto join in general protest against blood accusation.

29. Violent anti-Jewish campaign owing to recent events inAmerica in connection with passport question.

29. In secret sittings of Duma exclusion of Jews from armyreceives much attention.

29. Russian Minister of Agriculture, in report, pays tributeto Jews as agriculturists.

1912Jan. 5. Odessa Orthodox, Catholic, and Lutheran priests pub-

lish protest against ritual murder libel.5. Christian ecclesiastics in Russia protest against the

ritual murder libel.


RUSSIA (continued)Jan. 5. Government issues special passports for Jewish traders

possessing right to visit extra-Pale provinces for periodsnot exceeding six months in year.

5. M. Sosnovsky, Prefect of Odessa, inaugurates regime bypromise not to institute proceedings against Jews usingRussian first names, not to molest various societies andeducational institutions in town, nor to interfere in elec-tions.

5. Jewish communal workers, St. Petersburg, in view ofalarming proportions of conversion movement, decide toissue appeal to Jews against conversion and in favor ofexpulsion of converts from Jewish institutions.

5. Pupils of Kieff Cadet School attack Jews in street carfor speaking Yiddish.

5. Hooligans armed with knives attack Jews in streets inWarsaw.

12. Russian Students' Association joins in protest againstritual murder libel, and Russian Ethnological Societyarranges for lecture illustrating absurdity of anti-Jewishaccusation from scientific point of view.

12. Authorities demand of Municipality details concerningnumber of synagogues in Kieff controlled by Hasidim andMisnagdim.

12. Gregory Jacobsohn, member of First Russian Duma,charged with having name not strictly Jewish.

12. Wilna authorities prohibit production in theatre of playswritten by Jews.

12. As result of removal of Nikolaieff from Pale, authoritiesdecline to issue trading certificates to Jews settled theresince 1906.

12. Kieff Municipality joins in protest against compulsoryremoval of business of four hundred Jewish merchants toovercrowded districts.

12. Jewish representatives of foreign financiers attendingmeeting of International Bank permitted to remain incapital for week, notwithstanding Nationalist objections.

12. At sitting of Kieff District Assizes, it is resolved toreject appeals to release Beilis on bail, and to acquainthim with indictment.

12. Rossia, Government organ, declares that new treatywith United States in only possible if United States re-frains from putting forward interests of Jews,

(middle). Jury acquits Hannah Spector, of Zashkoff, of charge ofalleged ritual murder of a servant. Public Prosecutorlodges protest against acquittal.


RUSSIA (continued)Jan. 19. Professor Kovalevsky, of Council of Empire, states that

Russian Cabinet must yield to just demands of Americarespecting passport question; crisis is greatest Russiandiplomatic defeat in recent years, and renewal of Treatywith America is essential to Russian cotton industry.

19. Leipzig Professor, Herr Klengel, resigns position asJudge at award of distinctions at St. Petersburg Conserva-toire on account of refusal of some anti-Jewish profes-sors to confirm grant of first prize to Jew.

19. At Conference at Ministry of Commerce, Governmentconsents to abolish some restrictions against Jews in con-nection with founding of shareholders' companies.

23. Conference of Jewish representatives on immigrationproblem, St. Petersburg.

26. Minister of Education orders Director of Moscow Tech-nical School not to admit any Jews who have studiedabroad.

26. Senate, while permitting Jews to visit villages for a fewdays on business, decides against repeal of prohibition ofstay of Jews in summer resorts.

26. Minister of Justice directs isolation of Beilis at Kieff.Student Wolffsohn accused of ritual murder; other similarcharges by local authorities.

26. Council of Conference of Exchanges and CommercialAssociations decides to request Minister of Interior to omitfrom new regulations concerning Jewish commercialtravellers to extra-Pale centres the clauses limiting num-ber of such Jewish employees to one of each firm.

26. St. Petersburg workmen collect signatures for labor pro-test against ritual murder libel.

26. Conference of Russian Artists adopts resolution prayingfor abolition of restrictions against Jews in Academy ofArts.

26. Great distress among Jewish unemployed in Warsaw.Five thousand Jews make demonstrations during week atoffices of Jewish Communal Organization.

26. Three Jewish families, comprising eight persons, massa-cred in forest of Busentchin near Prushkoff, Poland.

Feb. 1. Nationalists introduce in Duma Bill prohibiting admis-sion to Russia of Jewish citizens of United States and im-posing tariff restrictions on American imports.

2. Authorities of Nizhni-Novgorod harshly revise right ofresidence of local Jewish merchants. Artisans of Koviskexpelled for dealing in own handiwork.


RUSSIA (continued)Feb. 2. St. Petersburg Jews decide to send deputation to

America for purpose of agitating for an internationalEmigration Congress.

2. M. Krukoff, official recently returned from Argentine Re-public, makes Ministry of Agriculture favorable report ofJewish colonists there, and recommends that RussianGovernment encourage establishment of such Jewishcolonies in Russia.

2. Turkestan Cotton Growing Organization cancels pro-hibition against leasing land by Jewish planters in orderto attempt to render Russia independent of Americancotton.

2. Committee of Upper House amends Duma Sunday Trad-ing Bill, prohibiting all Sunday sales, by authorizing Sun-day trading in provision shops for five hours.

9. Kieff correspondent of Russkoe Slovo presents petitionto judicial authorities on murder of Yuschinsky, chargingthat murder was committed by a gang of criminals whomhe names.

9. " Real Russian " Deputy, M. Zamislovsky, visits Kieff,Governor-General and local officials attend his lecture onalleged ritual murder among Jews. One hundred promi-nent Odessa advocates, doctors, and writers publish pro-test against ritual murder libel. Case against studentWolffsohn dismissed.

9. At Kazan, authorities force assistant chemists to closebusiness within two months.

9. At Arkhangel, Vice-Governor orders expulsion of sixJewish medical students.

9. Sixty-one Jewish artisans expelled from St. Petersburg.9. M. Teitel, Saratoff Assizes, only Jewish Judge in Russia,

made an Actual State Councillor on retirement fromservice.

9. Poles erect monument at Kopka, Siedlce, to JewishColonel Yoselovitch, killed in battle in 1809.

12. Retch, Cadet organ, publishes Durnovo Commission re-port of 1905 on passports, which recommended free ad-mission of foreign Jews.

12. Duma, by vote of one hundred and fourteen to seventy-four, rejects interpellation of Right, denouncing action ofMinistry of Finance permitting Jews to trade in all dis-tricts of Kieff; severe anti-Semitic attacks during dis-cussion.

(middle). Expulsion from St. Petersburg, from Smolensk, Al-mazny, and Lobovo, Ekaterinoslaff; from villages inVitebsk, Dombrova, in Poland, and Koorsk.

1G6 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

RUSSIA (continued)Feb. 16. Duma in secret session resolves to compel Jews to enlist

in army who are sole wage-earners in family, and whohave been hitherto exempt from military service.

16. Counsel for Beilis complains that he has not beenallowed to examine the indictment.

16. Wilna Jewish workmen memorialize Duma for aboli-tion of restrictions in western provinces against Yiddish,owing to which plays, lectures, etc., are prohibited.

16. During debate on Astrakhan Zemstvo Bill, Deputy Nise-lovitch protests against exclusion of Jews from Council.

16. Official casualty list from army in Persia contains sixJewish names out of eighty-eight.

16. Kieff Judicial Chamber confirms indictment againstBeilis; he will have to stand for trial for death of Yu-schinsky.

16. Jewish merchants expelled from Tashkent in spite ofprotests of their Russian colleagues; at Nizhni-Novgorod,Jews prohibited from building shops at fairs.

16. Minister of Interior declines petition of six femaleJewish medical students of Medical Institute to remain inKharkoff to complete studies.

16. Minister of Justice, M. Tcheglovitoff declares in Senate,that he regards Stolypin's circular (permitting all Jewswho resided outside Pale before August 1, 1906, to re-main) as violation of laws of Jewish domicile.

22. Nationalists hold protest meeting, St. Petersburg,against United States on account of denunciation of Treatyof 1832. Over two thousand persons present, includingmany members of Duma and Council of Empire. Resolu-tion adopted favoring exclusion of all American Jews fromRussia, and increase of import duties on American goods.

23. Duma agrees to clause in Military Service Bill imposingheavy line upon families of Jews who evade militaryservice.

23. Duma declines to exempt Jewish ecclesiastical authori-ties from military service, a privilege extended to Chris-tian and Mussulman priests.

23. Duma Education Committee omits, from regulations ofTomsk Polytechnic, clause prohibiting admission of Jewsinto institution.

23. Duma adopts interpellation denouncing former Prefectof Odessa for permitting anti-Semites to terrorize Jews andpreventing them from voting at last by-election.

23. Ministry of Education makes increased appropriationsto Commercial Schools to make them independent ofJewish support.


RUSSIA (continued)Feb. 24. Cablegram to Jewish Daily News, New York City, re-

ports that Duma approves Bill abolishing exemption frommilitary service of Jewish young men who are the onlysons or sole support of their parents.

Mch. 1. Russian Senate issues decree permitting only CrownRabbis to perform marriage ceremonies.

1. Memorial to Ministers of Interior, Finance, and Com-merce against Kieff Jewish merchants, signed by " Chiefof the District, Trepoff." Memorial is bitter attack onJews and the State Bank, and plea for Russiflcation ofcommerce.

1. At request of Minister of Justice, Senate prohibitsJewish merchants of First Guild from erecting factoriesoutside towns and townlets of Pale. Thousands of Jewishfamilies living in villages affected.

1. Despite efforts of police, Odessa, to prevent demonstra-tion, between forty thousand and fifty thousand personsmarch in funeral procession of Iglitsky, Jewish directorof private gymnasium.

1. Successful Bezalel exhibition of four weeks at Lodz.8. Duma rejects M. Freedman's proposal to abolish per-

centage norm for Jews in remodelled Arkhangel schoolfor medical assistants, and Czar confirms M. Kasso's orderexcluding Jews from Zlinsk, Tchernigoff, public school.

8. Council of Empire defeats clause in Judicial Reform Billpermitting Jews to stand for election as Justices of Peace.

8. Duma votes to convert commercial institutes of Moscowand Kieff into Government high schools, to render themindependent of Jewish support and restrict number ofJewish students admitted.

8. Six Jews, Lodz, injured by anti-Semites in street attack.8. At Astrakhan, Proscuroff, Voroshilovka (Podolia), and

Odessa, agitation of ritual murder.8. Governor of Ekaterinoslaff asks peasants to name Jews

whom they wish expelled. Twenty-five Jewish familiesexpelled from villages near Ratna. At Taps, Riga, policeforbid hotels to admit Jews.

10. Chief of Police of Uralsk, Saratoff, sentenced to threeyears' imprisonment for murder of two Jews. Later sen-tence reduced by Czar to six months.

15. Wissotzky Brothers, Odessa, contribute one hundredthousand roubles to Technical Institute, Palestine.

15. Urgent protests sent to Premier against action of Gov-ernor-General Trepoff, Kieff, in declaring Rasova a village,which resulted in expulsion of two thousand Jews. Minsk


RUSSIA (continued)authorities withdraw Shimizova, Bobunia, and Siniavkafrom Pale.

Mch. 15. Police expel Jewish students of Neuro-PsychologicalInstitute, St. Petersburg, which declined Imperial subsidy,in order to maintain independence.

15. Duma committee rejects a Bill extending right of Jewsto participate in local Government elections.

15. Duma rejects proposal to prohibit Jews from buying orhiring land outside towns and townlets in Chelm.

15. Anti-Jewish agitators distribute in Duma photographsrepresenting " murder of Yuschinsky by Jews."

15. Bishop of Vitebsk orders his subordinates not to tradewith Jews,

(middle). Senate annuls acquittal of Hannah Spector, accused ofkilling her servant at Zashkoff for alleged ritual purposes.

22. Six leading Hebrew and Yiddish publishing firms ofWilna and Warsaw combine.

22. Number of Cossacks form sect, which adopts Jewishprinciples and offers to assist Zionist movement.

22. Premier and Ministers of the Interior and Commercememorialized by Russian Union of Factory Owners forremoval of restrictions against Jewish commercial travel-lers without the Pale.

22. Minister of Commerce declines to concur in decision ofSenate, that Jews temporarily enrolled in artisans' guildscannot take part in any guild elections.

22. Baron A. Giinzburg elected member of Council of Anglo-Russian Chamber of Commerce.

22. The Esthonian paper, the Paevaleht, fined five hundredroubles for article against persecution of Jews.

22. Ministry of Ways and Communications prohibits placingof contracts for Siberian railways with Jews.

29. Senate rejects petition of Rabbis to permit Jewishteachers of religion to reside in villages.

29. According to official statistics, 19,809 new Jewish re-cruits enroll this year in army.

29. Old Finnish party, Conservatives, and anti-Jewish party,agitate in favor of expelling all Jews from Finland.

29. Senate approves decision to forbid Jews who settled invillages before introduction of May laws from tradingthere.

29. Kieff police expel several hundred Jews attending localfairs.

29. Eight hundred Jewish families of Dombrova, Poland,and Koretz, Volhynia, threatened with expulsion.


RUSSIA (continued)Mch. 29. Premier rescinds order expelling two thousand Jews

from Rasova, Kieff.29. Korolenko, author of literary ritual murder libel pro-

test, receives spirited memorial from hundred Russianworkmen of Lugansk, assuring Jews that best Russiansdisbelieve libel, and expressing hope for speedy triumphof justice.

29. At Kostroma, Jewish sculptor Aaronson commissionedto erect monument to reigning dynasty.

Apl. (beginning). M. Sazonoff, Minister of Foreign Affairs, speak-ing in Duma, states in making new Treaty with UnitedStates Russian Government will not permit any outsideencroachment upon sovereign rights of Russia to shape itsown internal legislation in accordance with its specialrequirements.

1. Estimated that fully seventy thousand Jews applied forrelief at Odessa during Passover holidays.

5. One thousand Jews driven out of Kirsonoff, Tamboff.Four hundred and fifty families from other towns expelledwithin two weeks.

5. Jewish Community, Zhitomir, presents farewell addressto retiring Governor, M. Kutaisov, removed upon demandsof " Real Russians."

5. Minister of Justice obtains consent of Senate for intro-duction of percentage norm for Jewish Assistant Advo-cates.

5. Thousands of appeals distributed urging Russians towatch their children during Passover holidays.

5. Minister of Interior denies petition of seventy-three land-owners ofGapsa^to permit Jews to reside there duringsummer. Local authorities proceed against landowners

* for denouncing them to Minister for excluding Jews.5. At third reading of Military Bill in Duma on motion of

Niselovitch resolution excluding Jews from army with-drawn. Discussion of Jews in army service.

5. Peasants of Ekaterinoslaff and Perm, in referendum in-stituted by Governors, declare against expulsion of Jews.

5. Further discussion of Jewish question in Duma.' Miliu-koff deplores failure to act on Pale Bill.

5. New ritual murder accusations at Kishineff and Ray-gorod.

12. Minister of Agriculture investigates complaint of largeshare of Bokhara Jews in cotton plantations, in Turkestan.

12. Jewish reservists and Jewish veterans of Russo-Turkishand Russo-Japanese wars ask permission of Minister of


RUSSIA (continued)Interior to hold conference to protest against attack onJewish conscripts and to obtain right of residence for allJews who have served in army.

Apl. 12. " Real Russian " deputies in Duma demand exclusion ofJews from press and printing trade.

12. Ministry restores management of Jewish Burial Societyof Odessa to Jewish community.

12. Protest against ritual murder accusation in LittleRussia, many influential natives condemning accusationand dwelling on their good relations with Jews.

19. Premier's organ, Rossia, prints strong denunciation ofanti-Jewish agitators, attacking them for their attitudein connection with ritual murder accusation.

19. Despite peasant votes for retention of Jews in villages,Governor of Ekaterinoslaff decides to recommend theirexpulsion.

19. Minister of Education, in effort to control Neuro-Psycho-logical Institute in capital, declines to postpone term ofmilitary service of five hundred students of Institute un-less percentage norm for Jews be installed.

19. Minister of Interior declines to permit Rabbis, Hazanim,and Shohetim to reside in Amoor district without per-mits required of other Jews.

19. Minister of Justice rejects recommendation of Councilof Russian Advocates to promote eight Jewish lawyers torank of Advocates.

19. Council of Exchanges Committee again petitions Min-istry to abolish percentage norm for Jews in Schools ofCommerce.

19. Academy of Arts gives vote of thanks to M. Gunzburg,sculptor, for works presented to the institution by him.

19. Davidoff, of Imperial Theatre, decorated with Order ofSt. Ann.

26. Peasants of Ivanovka, near Lugansk, induced by " RealRussians " to demand expulsion of local Jews, withdrawpetition on learning that peasants of Petropavlevki invitedthreatened exiles to settle among them.

26. Finnish Jews protest against Jewish witnesses in Courtsbeing compelled to take an oath in synagogue only.

26. May 30 fixed for trial of Beilis. Later statement thattrial is postponed till after elections. Petition to obtainrelease of prisoner on bail.

May 3. Attempt of Jewish Nationalist Party to wrest manage-ment of Warsaw community from assimilationists unsuc-cessful.

A LIST OP EVENTS IN 5672 AND NECROLOGY

RUSSIA (continued)May 3. Appeal signed by two hundred non-Jewish Russian

savants, communal workers, politicians, and members ofMunicipalities, urging cessation of ritual murder accusa-tion, published.

3. Finnish Senate resolves to obtain Czar's assent to Billabolishing prohibition of Shehitah.

3. Senate decides that Jews who become Protestants shallremain subject to anti-Jewish restrictions.

3. Governor of Viborg announces that fine will be imposedon house-owners who lodge Jews without right of domicileduring summer.

10. Jewish election campaign committees formed in allJewish centres to look after Jewish interests in Dumaelections.

10. Governor of Grodno orders expulsion of eleven hundredJewish families. Deputation of exiles to St. Petersburgsucceeds in suspending order temporarily.

10. Accusations of ritual murder at Krementchoog andTiflis.

10. Sixty-two Zemstvo officials of Poltava sign protestagainst ritual murder accusation. Several hundredGrodno and Wilna workmen send protest against accusa-tion to the Duma.

10. Petition for release of Beilis on bail refused.10. Fires destroy Jewish houses in Kutno, Szichlin, and

Opole, Poland, rendering four hundred and sixty-fivefamilies homeless.

10. Police search offices of Jewish newspapers, the Fraind,Warsaw, and the Tog, Wilna, and arrest several membersof former's staff.

10. Kieff school for medical assistants closes owing to finan-cial difficulties occasioned by introduction of percentagenorm for Jewish students.

10. Governor of Nizhni-Novgorod, in order to prevent Jewishmerchants from possessing land at local fairs, appeals tofirst department of Senate to declare ground on whichfairs are held, to be a village.

(middle). Debate in Duma on extreme anti-Jewish agitation ofRussian Minister of Justice.

17. Pereyaslaff and Kieff Society for Protection of Womenprotests against ritual murder accusation.

17. Governor of Nizhni-Novgorod prevents Jews from erect-ing shops at local fairs without waiting for Senate decision.Authorities of Ekaterinodar exclude Jewish commercialtravellers from district. Governor of Kieff declares he


RUSSIA (continued)will expel and confiscate property of every Jewish mer-chant who is unable to produce certificate of uninterruptedpayment of First Guild fee for fifteen years.

May 17. New Governor of Volhynia imposes extra tax of eightythousand roubles per annum on Jewish house-owners andmerchants, who protest to Senate and Ministry of Interior.Governor confiscates property of those unwilling to paythe tax.

17. Archbishop Anthony, of Volhynia, at anniversary ofdeath of Russian martyr Gabriel, delivers inflammatorysermon against Jews.

17. Czar sends donation of five thousand roubles to KieffUnion of " Real Russian " students.

17. Deputy Roditcheff in Duma attacks anti-Jewish policyof Minister of Education.

17. Merchants in Southern Russia protest to Premier andMinister of Commerce against expulsion and confiscationof property of Jews.

17. Governor of Minsk expels Jews from other villages.24. Minister of Interior and Chief Procurator of Holy

Synod express sympathy with demands of deputation ofanti-Jewish agitators from South of Russia for newmeasures of " protection " against Jews.

24. Interpellation of Right on ritual murder accusationcauses heated discussion in Duma. Interpellation sent toa committee.

24. Minister of Justice states to deputation of Russian Ad-vocates who wait on him on behalf of Jewish AssistantAdvocates, that it is impossible to admit so many Jews toprofessions.

24. Peasants of village Zasela, Kherson, unanimously de-cide to ask authorities to declare place a townlet in orderto enable Jews to settle there.

24. Deputy Gulkin, former " Real Russian," announces that,contrary to inspired reports spread abroad, a study ofattitude of peasants convinces him that they are notopposed to emancipation of Jews.

24. Professor of Tomsk University, who censures assault ofanti-Jewish students on Jewish journalist, notified of hisremoval.

30. Finnish Senate forwards to Czar its decision in favor ofabolishing prohibition of Shehitah in principality. Czarconfirms the abolition of the restriction.

31. Senate of Finland memorializes Government concerningpermission to Jews and Mohammedans to slaughter ac-cording to respective rituals.


RUSSIA (continued)May 31. Dismissal of Jew, Kanegisser, from Directorship of

Nikolaieff shipbuilding yards and docks; decision to dis-miss all Jewish employees at the port.

31. Russian journalist M. Brazul-Brushkovsky submits toauthorities new statement concerning Beilis case, whichcompels institution of new inquiry into circumstances ofYuschinsky murder.

31. At Poltava, authorities compel sixty-two Zemstvo officialswho recently associated themselves with the protestsagainst a ritual murder accusation to withdraw theirstatement.

31. Retiring Governor, Kishineff, dismisses police official forassociating himself with a ritual murder accusationagainst a Jew.

31. Townlet of Natscha, Wilna, converted into village, andJews expelled. Same fate awaits Jews of Ukrainka,Kherson. Several Jewish families expelled from Krasno-vodsk; thirty-six Jews arrested at Kieff Science and ArtClub, and expelled from city.

31. Senate agrees with Premier, and rejects Kieff Governor'scontention that local Jews must pay First Guild fee forfifteen years before receiving privilege to trade there.Problem affects large part of local Jewish population.

31. Ministry rejects petition of Russian merchants in be-half of Jewish commercial travellers outside the Pale; St.Petersburg Governor declines petition of Crown Rabbi toallow Jews to live in local resorts during summer. Gov-ernor of Saratoff allows Jewish artisans to visit the resorts.

31. Anti-Jewish agitators in provinces of Podolia andVolhynia with aid of police incite peasants to demand ex-pulsion of Jews.

31. Three hundred Jewish families in province of Tauridaexpelled; two hundred in addition to recent exiles orderedto leave villages in provinces of Volhynia and Kherson.

June 2. Jews of Bielistock in alarm because of ritual murderaccusations.

7. Cadet leader Miliukoff, at Bielistock, advises Jews tosend as many Jewish deputies to Duma as possible.

7. Assistant Minister of Finance, M. Novitzky, receivesdeputation of Nationalist Bessarabian Zemstvo, who re-quest postponement of new law prohibiting Jews to sellwine in houses not owned by them.

7. Four children, aged twelve to two, of man namedHamerov arrested and sent to Pale from Skopin, Rasan.

7. Kharkoff police institute proceedings against Zionists" for belonging to an illegal organization and supportingfinancial institutions abroad."


RUSSIA (continued)June 7. Count Witte denies accusation of Von Egert that in 1890

he sent millions to America to assist Jewish bankers.7. Ministry of Interior reported to be framing a new natu-

ralization law permitting change of allegiance.7. " Real Russian " Conference opens in St. Petersburg.

Deputy Markoff and others utter violent attacks on Jews.7. Duma Committee adopts, by twelve votes against eight,

anti-Semitic interpellation against the Premier, for per-mitting Jews who paid First Guild fee for less than tenyears to trade in Kieff.

7. Influential committee, including Jewish millionairesBrodsky, Margolin, and Zaitzeff, formed at Kieff to co-operate with the ITO in establishment of proposed Man-delstamm colony in America.

7. Fires destroy large portions of townlets Savran (Po-dolia), Vonvolitza (Lublin), and Buliak (Kalish), leav-ing several hundreds of Jewish families homeless.

7. Nine ringleaders, of the Osch, Turkestan, ritual murderriot, in which a Jew was killed and several wounded lastyear, sentenced to eight months' imprisonment.

7. Professor M. Kamenka, St. Petersburg University, aJew, forced to resign.

11. Four Jews are candidates for Duma from Odessa.14. Prominent attorney, Sliosberg, nominated by all the

progressive parties as candidate for Odessa in next Dumaelections.

14. Duma rejects " Real Russian" motion to install per-centage norm for Jews in all private schools subsidized byGovernment or Municipalities.

14. Kovno Grand Committee and delegates of sixteen Palecentres at St. Petersburg resolve to oppose candidaturefor Duma of converted Jews and to favor all Liberal can-didates. Where possible Jewish committees will combinewith progressives to elect Jewish nominees, and Jewishvoters will be induced to take active interest in Dumaelections.

14. Count Witte publishes statement denouncing tacticsof Nationalists as effecting results opposite to those de-sired, and praising nationalism of Bismarck, which in-cluded religious freedom.

14. Chief of the nobility, Tchernigoff, warns Jewish com-munal leaders to refrain from nominating Jewish candi-date for Duma.

14. Duma passes resolution calling upon Committee incharge of Bill to abolish Pale to report in week's time.


RUSSIA (continued)June 14. Heads of Orthodox Church endorse " Real Russian"

address to Czar in which Jews are severely attacked.14. Peasants of Snigirevo, Kherson, and Rosova, Kieff, peti-

tion authorities to convert these villages into townlets toenable Jews to live in them.

14. Assistant Minister of Interior expresses appreciation toRabbi Zirelsohn for manner in which Jews participatedin recent demonstrations of loyalty, during celebrationof centenary of annexation of Bessarabia.

14. Ministry of Justice decides to alter composition ofCourt, to try Beilis. Ministry and Kieff Governor-Generalask investigators of Beilis case to place before them revela-tions of M. Brazul-Brushkovsky.

14. Authorities send to their native places by etape allRussian subjects returning home from abroad withoutfrontier passports, even when in possession of Russianinternal passports.

14. Czar receives deputation of Kutais Jewish community,which expresses loyalty.

14. M. Melnikoff, " Real Russian " Governor of Volhynia,cruelly refuses Jewish woman's plea, supported by localpeasants, for withdrawal of expulsion order against herfamily.

14. Senate prohibits possession of real estate by Jews atNizhni-Novgorod fairs.

14. Governor of Ekaterinburg orders inspection by author-ities of documents of all Jews " every day."

14. Introduction of registration system for Jewish mer-chants and commercial representatives outside the Palestrongly opposed by Russian merchants' organizations.

14. Defeat in Duma of effort to retain in Judicial Bill clausepermitting selection of Jews as Justices of Peace.

14. Three hundred Jewish families expelled from Lask.14. Kieff police demand power to confiscate without a trial

property of Jewish merchants lacking documents ofdomicile.

14. " Real Russians " succeed in introducing complete Sun-day closing in Rovno, thickly populated by Jews.

14. Forty-nine Zionists, of Vinnitza, fined twenty roubleseach for attending Zionist meeting.

14. Novoe Vremya publishes article headed " In Captivityby the Jews," which pictures Jews as real masters ofRussia, and Yuschinsky as symbol of captivity of allRussia; Jews represented as robbers, traitors, and pro-moters of fraud and immorality.

12


RUSSIA (continued)June 21. Pale Bill Committee at meeting attended by six of thirty-

six members decides to report inability to report billwithin week specified by Duma and to recommend appoint-ment of new committee to consider bill.

21. Reported that identity of murderers of Yuschinsky es-tablished. Counsel for Beilis moves to dismiss case onstrength of new disclosures. Kieff Court to proceedagainst counsel for spreading anti-libel appeals.

21. Ritual murder accusations made in Slaviansk andSosnovitz.

21. Exchange Committees in Pale centres decide to presentquestion of Jewish domicile to Premier, Minister of Com-merce, and to Minister of Justice with whose sanctionSenate and Provincial authorities performed many anti-Jewish acts.

21. Anti-Jewish agitators, encouraged by priests to counter-act petitions of Exchange Committees, send numerouspetitions to Governors for expulsion of Jews as injuriousto interests of Russian population.

21. Representative families of Volhynia expelled from vil-lages discuss emigration, and decide to send delegates toPalestine to find suitable location for colony.

21. Expulsions continue in villages of Governments ofGrodno, Kherson, and Podolia, and in provinces of Perm,Nizhni-Novgorod, and Koorsk. Jewish merchants ofKoorsk, terrified at coming regime of new " Real Russian "Governor, M. Muratoff, liquidate business, and leave dis-trict. Zemstvo of Novoukrainka, made prosperous byJews, protest against proposed conversion into village,thus necessitating expulsion of Jews.

21. M. Kuzretzoff refers in Duma to rewards and appoint-ments given to Jew-baiters for their anti-Jewish speeches.

21. Upper House, sitting as high Court of Appeal, dismissescase of M. Skrabin, who demanded satisfaction of M.Muratoff for imprisoning him in 1907 for a month, atVologda, for refusing to salute " Real Russian " flag.

21. Number of bishops, encouraged by reward to Bishop ofChelm for his activity, engage in election campaign andagitate against all Liberals and Jews. Anti-Jewish agita-tors, Ekaterinoslaff, invite M. Schmakoff, counsel againstBeilis, to terrorize Jews during campaign. RusskoeZnamya warns Jews that criticism of Government by Jew-ish deputies will be answered by pogroms.

21. Claiming that Jews skin living animals, anti-Jewishagitators introduce bill in Duma to prohibit procedure.Statement made that Shehitah is not tolerated abroad.Bill lost by vote of 111 against 65.


RUSSIA (continued)June 21. Several peasant delegates, after " Real Russian " Con-

ference, " refusing to be associated with a body fosteringhatred among human beings," resign from organization.

21. Professor Ozeroff, in Russian Industrial Gazette, de-clares that Russia's mistaken policy, of enclosing Jewsin Pale, is responsible for lack of active business life, out-side of agriculture.

21. " Real Russians " to-petition Government to open JewishUniversity in Russia, on condition that Jews should beexpelled from all other Universities. Maintenance to comefrom Jewish Korobka (meat tax) fund. No Jews will beadmitted this year to Kieff and Moscow commercial in-stitutes.

21. Kieff Judicial Chamber decides to cancel decision ofDistrict Assizes expelling from legal profession JewishAssistant Advocates who during seven years were unableto obtain promotion to rank of Advocate.

21. Advocate Grusenberg designated as Jewish candidatefor Kovno, to succeed M. Freedman in Duma. He will beopposed by another Jewish candidate of extreme Left.

21. Deputation selected by Jews to place wreath at monu-ment of Czar Alexander III to be unveiled at Moscow.Czar thanks State Councillor Lazar Poliakoff for activityin connection with erection of Museum for Fine Arts,Moscow, in name of late Emperor.

28. " Real Russians" accuse Jews of assault on an un-popular Director of a gymnasium at Tcherkassi, by a mob.Telegrams, asking for strong action against Jews, des-patched to St. Petersburg.

28. Distinguished lawyers and political leaders advocatere-examination of Beilis case.

28. Meeting at Kieff of Society of Friends of Peace adoptsresolution protesting against ritual murder accusation.

28. Opposition deputies in Duma advocate speedy disposalof ritual murder accusation, pointing out harm to Russia'sprestige by protests of civilized world. Motion to con-sider ritual murder interpellation lost.

28. Local newspaper of Rostoff (on the Don) confiscated forstatement that it was imperative to revise the Beilis caseinquiry.

28. Motion adopted by Duma, 104 votes to 88, prohibitingJews from receiving scholarships as medical students,on condition of practicing a certain period in Siberia.First time in Russian legislation expression " persons bornas Jews " used in this Bill, instead of usual " persons ofthe Jewish faith."


RUSSIA (continued)June 28. Duma Committee rejects bill providing for State mo-

nopoly of grain export. Measure chiefly aimed at Jewishmerchants.

28. Dr. Silverstein, Lodz, and Dr. Hindes, Rovno, announcecandidacy for Duma.

28. " Real Russian " Bank established in aid of " Russifica-tion of Commerce " scheme declared bankrupt.

28. Minister of Interior practically nullifies recent Sena-torial restriction prohibiting Jews from trading in villagesby limiting operation of order of Senate to provinces ofVitebsk and Moghileff on ground of their special status.

28. Delegation, headed by State Councillor Avdakoff, willsubmit to Premier further representations of Council ofRussian Commercial and Industrial Conference againstanti-Jewish laws of residence.

28. Prohibition of Sunday trading at Rovno abolished asinjurious to trade. Following petition of Kishineff Munici-pal Executive to include suburb Rishkanovka in town area,the Kherson Zemstvo resolves to support peasant petitionto convert villages of Poltavka, Otbedva, and Snigirevkainto townlets in order to allow Jews to reside in them.

28. Jewish booksellers from the Pale refused permission toattend Booksellers' Conference at St. Petersburg.

28. The Slonim Court sentences Advocate Jacobsohn, mem-ber of First Duma, to pay one hundred roubles fine or beimprisoned one month for using a Russian first name.

28. Upper House rejects Universal Education Bill on ac-count of alleged slight to church schools, which are freefrom Jews; action part of scheme to prevent Jews at-tending educational institutions in order " to limit theirevil influence on Russian students."

28. Kishineff Jewish doctors of local hospital, Gisfiner andRaichenberg, created by Czar Collegiate Councillors, andDr. Polski, of Beletzk Jewish Hospital, given rank ofCollegiate Assessor.

NECROLOGY1911

July 15. Eliezer Simcha Rabinowitsch, Rabbi and author, Kal-varia, aged 80.

17. Joshua Levenson, author, Riga, aged 84.21. Abraham Soliwichek, Rabbi, Smolensk, aged 81.

Sept. 8. Salmen Traub, Rabbi, Keidan.Oct. 6. V. Harkavi, communal worker, Moscow, at Heidelberg,

Germany, aged 67.


RUSSIA (.continued)1912

Jan. 5. Joseph Chaim Prager, Rabbi, Warsaw, aged 78.26. M. Pampulov, Karaite Haham, Mayor, Eupatoria, aged

83.27. Pauline Bauman, philanthropist, Warsaw, aged 96.

Feb. 2. Eliokum Getzil, Maggid of Brisk, Lithuania.Mch. 8. M. Ussischkin, father of Zionist leader, Odessa.

19. Max Emanuel Mandelstamm, oculist and communalworker, Kieff, aged 74.

May 10. Elijah Chaim Maizel, Rabbi, Lodz, aged 91.24. M. Griliches, senior designer of coins and medals at Im-

perial Mint, St. Petersburg.June 21. M. G. Morgolius, author and communal leader, Odessa,

aged 75.

TURKEY AND PALESTINE1911

July 20. Jewish Morning Journal, New York City, reports thatTurkish Government issues orders to Governor of Jerusa-lem to facilitate naturalization of Jews as Ottoman citizens.

24. Fire in Balata district of Constantinople destroys Boys'and Girls' Schools of Alliance Israelite, four synagogues,and one thousand houses, about six hundred inhabited byJews.

Aug. 11. Relief Committee formed by Chief Rabbi, Constanti-nople, to aid victims of recent fire.

11. Grand Vizier Hakki Bey sends telegram thanking TenthZionist Congress, Basle, Switzerland, on behalf of TurkishGovernment for generous contribution for relief ofsufferers in recent fire at Constantinople.

25. Fire at Ai'din destroys residences of six hundred Jewishfamilies.

25. Israel Chazan appointed by Government rector of facultyof jurisprudence at University of Salonica.

25. Valuable library belonging to Epoca, Salonica, destroyedby fire.

Sept. 1. Jewish community, Haifa, Palestine, sends delegates toConstantinople to petition Government to stop anti-Jewishintrigues of journal Carmel.

1. Isaac Effendi Yeshoua, Department Chief, Ministry forWar, Constantinople, appointed Inspector in Macedonia,and decorated. Joseph Effendi Salem appointed Consulfor Turkey at Patras (Greece).

8. New Governor of Jerusalem directed by Grand Vizier toensure safety of Jewish colonies in Galilee.


TURKEY AND PALESTINE (continued)Sept. 8. Abraham Effendi Farhi, Director of Foreign Press

Bureau at Sublime Porte, appointed Consul-General forTurkey at Boston, Mass.

15. Report that Turkish Government permits Jewish Co-lonial Trust to incorporate an Agrarian Bank in Palestine.

23. Arabs assault about sixty worshippers at religiousservice on Rosh Hashanah at Wailing Wall.

25. Forty-two Jews flee from Tripoli to Malta.Oct. 13. Four thousand Italian subjects, in Salonica, nearly all

Jews, fearing expulsion, leave at outbreak of Turco-ItalianWar.

14. Cablegram to New York Sun: " Fifteen thousand Turk-ish troops sent to Palestine."

15. At suggestion of David Levontin, Director of Anglo-Palestine Bank, Jews assemble to pray for welfare ofSultan and victory of Turkish Army.

20. American Jewish Community of Jerusalem resolve toask Jews in United States to effect repeal of clause ofnaturalization laws providing for expatriation of natu-ralized American citizens residing abroad.

20. Owing to increased use of Hebrew in Jerusalem, policeauthorities require men on service in Jewish quarter tospeak Hebrew.

Nov. 3. Hundreds of Jews made destitute by flood at Serres,Salonica.

3. Chief Rabbi, in cooperation with Patriarchs of Christianchurches, who have similar grievance, takes measures toprevent conversion of Jewish girls in Salonica to Moham-medanism.

10. Press Department of Zionist Central Bureau, Berlin,denies report that Chief Rabbi of Tripoli had telegraphedto Rome welcoming Italians. Chief Rabbi of Turkeydeclares there has been for long time no Chief Rabbi inTripoli.

10. Rabbi Moses Franco, of Rhodes, made Chief Rabbi ofJerusalem.

11. Colony Petach-Tikwah passes resolution to contributeone thousand francs to Ottoman military authorities assubscription toward defence of country.

13. Waad of Jewish community of Safed votes twenty thou-sand francs to war fund.

15. Jewish Music School opens, Jerusalem.24. Readers of Damascus newspaper Muktebis, which re-

cently attacked Jews, in memorandum to Grand Viziercondemn attitude of paper. Editor of Armenian news-


TURKEY AND PALESTINE (continued)paper Zaghik ordered to announce in Constantinoplepapers that his journal has been suspended and himselffined owing to attacks upon Jews. Editor of Turkish paperHikmet, which insulted Jews in an open letter to Sultan,banished from Constantinople.

Dec. 1. From profits of wine industry, Jewish colonists InRishon-le-Zion and Zichron-Jacob, Palestine, make a sub-stantial repayment (400,000 francs) to Baron Edmond deRothschild on loan of over 2,000,000 francs made severalyears ago.

1. Jerusalem branch of Red Crescent receives contributionof one thousand francs from Anglo-Palestine Company,Jaffa, towards fund for relief of Turkish soldiers woundedin Tripoli.

8. Jews of Palestine organize a " Red Magen David"society, with purpose of sending physicians and nursesto Tripoli.

8. Colonists of Rishon-le-Zion, victims of robberies andattacks, send deputation to Governor of Jerusalem, whopromises redress.

16. Educational institutions in Jaffa raise fund, which isremitted to Ottoman Navy League.

29. Chamber of Commerce, Salonica, renders decision thatJewish porters need not work on Sabbath.

1912Jan. 5. Joseph Abraham Shalom, India, reported to have be-

queathed five hundred and fifty thousand dollars to be usedfor erection in Jerusalem of a Beth ha-Midrash, Yeshibah,and dwellings for learned men.

5. Selim Amram Effendi elected by Jews in Yemen to Turk-ish Chamber of Deputies.

5. L6on Daron, chemist, Constantinople, elected memberMunicipal Council of Galata district.

5. Beho-r Effendi Alfandari, Damascus, promoted Captain,and appointed Chief Chemist at Military Hospital.

5. Jewish contractor, Haifa, awarded part of contract forconstruction of railway line between Haifa and St. Jeand'Acre.

12. Die Welt reports erection of Jewish Technical Institute,Haifa, has been permitted by special iradg of Sultan.

19. Jacques Danon, Adrianople, appointed Assistant ChiefDirector at Stamboul.

19. Salomon Tagger, Rabbi, Tashkend, Bokhara, appointedChief Rabbi of Bagdad.


TURKEY AND PALESTINE (continued)Jan. 26. Town Council of Tiberias grants concession for control

of thermal waters to Jewish company.26. Constantinople Beth Din reorganized.26. At second conference of Judean agricultural laborers,

Petach-Tikwah, general organization founded.26. Anti-Jewish paper Carmel, published at Haifa, suspends

publication.31. Resignation of Chief Rabbi Nahoum announced.

Feb. 2. Serious conflict between Jewish colonists in Palestineand the Arabs reported. Three colonists said to have beenkilled and seven wounded.

2. Chief Rabbi protests to Minister of Justice and PublicWorship against removal of seats before Wailing Wall,Jerusalem. Protest of Jerusalem Chief Rabbi Francoignored by Governor.

2. Loan fund established in Jerusalem, in memory of lateChief Rabbi Salant, for benefit of small Jewish artisansand shopkeepers.

Mch. 1. Nissim Roditi Bey, Consul-General for Turkey at Ant-werp, elected member of Society of International Historyin Paris, and receives gold medal.

1. Council of Ministers refuse to accept resignation ofChief Rabbi and authorize him to exercise complete controlover Jewish Community.

8. Government, in response to appeal of Chief Rabbi, in-creases annual subsidy to Jewish hospital, Or Achaim,Constantinople, from two thousand three hundred to threethousand six hundred francs.

8. Number of Yemenite Jews arrive in Palestine intendingto settle as agricultural laborers in Jewish colonies, par-ticularly at Petach-Tikwah.

15. London Daily Chronicle states that special commissionrecommends acceptance chief part of Sir William Will-cock's irrigation project in Mesopotamia, cost of whichwill be three million pounds.

15. Decree of Ministry of the Interior to Governor of Jerusa-lem permits Jews to place benches and light candles infront of Wailing Wall.

22. Administration of Public Debt at Broussa, Asia Minor,abolishes arbitrary tax imposed only on certain categoryof Jewish merchants.

24. Nathan Straus, New York City, gives communal leaders,Jerusalem, one thousand francs per day for two monthsto provide food for destitute, gives large sum to Agri-cultural Experiment Station for eradication of malaria,


TURKEY AND PALESTINE (continued)and orders from Bezalel School of Arts and Crafts goodsamounting to $30,000. Purchases land near Rachel's Tomb.

Men. 27. A Jew, for first time, receives appointment as officer inTurkish Army, upon graduation from Imperial MilitaryAcademy.

Apl. 27. Fire at Damascus ruins many Jewish families.May 3. Vittoli Effendi Fradji, Constantinople, Ezekiel Effendi

Sassoon, Bagdad, Nissim Effendi Mazliach, Smyrna, andEmanuel Effendi Karasa, Salonica, re-elected to TurkishParliament.

3. Jewish population of Silivria and surrounding villagesboycotted by Greeks.

3. Anti-Jewish disturbances in Yemen. Several Jews mur-dered.

17. Representations made by Chief Rabbi to Greek Patriarchagainst boycott of Jews at Silivria by Greeks being in-effective, Chief Rabbi reports matter to Minister of In-terior, who threatens to dismiss the Governor of Silivria, aGreek, if he is found responsible for boycott.

24. Colony of young people, Kehillath Jacob, establishednear Jerusalem.

24. Chief Rabbi protests to Minister of Lands against diffi-culties with which authorities in Palestine continue to sur-round transfer of land to Jews.

24. Minister of Interior, in response to representations madeby Chief Rabbi, gives telegraphic instructions to militaryand civil authorities in Yemen to take energetic measuresfor protection of Jews.

24. Zix Bey Matalon appointed Inspector of Finance forVilayets of Janina and Scutari in Albania; Ferid BeyAsseo for the Vilayets of Van and Bitlis, also Commis-sioner for Political Reform in same; and Zaki Bey Hayon,for the Vilayet of Erzeroum.

24. Jewish agriculturists of Galilean colonies meet atSedjera and discuss measures for improving conditionsand procuring protection for Yemenites.

June 7. Seven Jews of Cooperative Colony at Merhawya, Pales-tine, charged with death of an Arab, acquitted after de-tention in prison a year.

7. Anti-Jewish newspaper Carmel resumes publication atHaifa.

7. Emanuel Effendi Karasa, deputy of Turkish Chamber,elected Senator.

28. Council of Jewish Community, Constantinople, afterconflict of four months, resigns in a body, following resig-nation of two of its members.


TURKEY AND PALESTINE (continued)June 28. Elias Effendi Afoumado, member of Municipal Council,

Constantinople, elected Mayor of Haskeui, centre ofJewish population.

28. The Sheikh-ul-Islam promises that Religious Council ofJerusalem would issue authorization to Jews, to praybefore Western Wall and forbidding Municipal Council tointerfere in matters affecting liberty of conscience.

28. Baumann Pasha appointed by Imperial decree Re-organizer-General of Gendarmerie to which he has beenattached for five years.

28. Authorities at Bagdad limit to four per cent number ofJews admitted to military schools, basing percentage noton population of Bagdad but of whole Ottoman Empire.

1911 NECROLOGYAug. 18. Jacob Florentin, merchant, Salonica.Sept. 1. I. B. Saphir, Sub-Director of Anglo-Palestine Company

at Jaffa, Palestine, aged 40.Oct. 31. Daoud Effendi Molho, Ottoman Diplomatic Staff, Con-

stantinople, aged 67.Nov. 3. Israel Feinberg, founder of Rishon-le-Zion and Katra

colonies, at Hedera, Palestine.1912

Mar 22. Rabbi Sholem, Jerusalem, aged 107.April 5. Abraham Effendi Fresco, contractor to Turkish War

Office and communal worker, Constantinople, at Nice, Italy,aged 63.

June 21. Jacques Behmoiras, communal worker, Adrianople,aged 48.

OTHER COUNTRIES1911

July 14. Emanuel Loewy, University of Rome, appointed byItalian Government President of Executive of Inter-national Archeological Congress, Rome.

16. Eighty-five destitute Jews of Shiraz, Persia, desiring togo to Palestine, appeal for assistance.

21. Emperor of Austria-Hungary confers Knights' Cross ofFrancis Joseph Order on Arthur Loefkovitz, member ofTown Council and Honorary Director of MunicipalMuseum of Debreczin; title of Royal Hungarian CourtCouncillor on Heinrich Baumgarten, General-Director ofDanube Shipbuilding Company, and raises Horace Landau,Vienna, to nobility.


OTHER COUNTRIES (continued)July 21. Joseph Sare, Court Councillor, elected Vice-President of

City Council of Cracow.28. King of Spain, who exercises sovereignty in Mellila,

Morocco, replies favorably to petition of Jews who paytaxes and serve in army for equal rights. Liberal press ofSpain commends King's attitude, and hopes for annul-ment of discriminatory laws still in force against Jews ofSpain.

Aug. 4. Samuel Oppenheimer, Prague University, elected Pro-fessor of astronomy at University of Vienna.

11. Attack on Shehitah made at Animal Protection Con-gress, Copenhagen, Denmark.

13. Tenth Zionist Congress, Basle, Switzerland, adopts reso-lution to establish a Zionist immigration office in Berlinto divert immigration to Palestine.

15. Zionist Congress elects Professor Otto Warburg, Dr.Hantke, Dr. Shmaryahu Levin, Nahum Sokolow, and Dr.Victor Jacobsohn to succeed David Wolffsohn to presideover affairs.

21. Ludwig L. Zamenhof, Antwerp, Belgium, originator ofEsperanto, receives Cross of Order of Isabella from Kingof Spain.

25. Ritual murder charge revived in Galicia and Roumania.25. King of Greece decorates Professor Theodor Gompertz

with Order Grand Commander of Order of the Savior.25. Barons Alphonse and Louis de Rothschild, Vienna, give

fifty thousand Austrian crowns for relief of families suf-fering through floods in Bukovina.

25. Moritz Sachs, oculist, Vienna, Austria, appointed Pro-fessor Extraordinary at University of Vienna.

Sept. (beginning). Deputation of prominent citizens protest toCity Council of Vienna against failure to promote Dr.Ludwig Klaar, District Chief Medical Officer.

1. Premier of Roumania receives Jewish deputation atBucharest, who request relief from political disfranchise-ment of several hundreds of Jews in the Dobrudscha.

8. Alfred Stern, Vienna, Austria, celebrates eightieth an-niversary of birth.

8. Khedive confers title Bey on David Zukar, Alexandria,Egypt.

8. Emperor of Austria confers Order of Iron Crown, ThirdClass, on Dr. Ignaz Kunos, Director of Oriental CommercialAcademy, and Knights' Cross of Order of Francis Josephon Adolph Strauss, Professor at same Academy.

8. Jewish Community of Cracow, Galicia, refuses to acceptlarge bequest because testator was an apostate.


OTHER COUNTRIES (continued)Sept. 15. Interpellation in Hungarian Chamber of Deputies on

army officer's insult, " Hands up, Jews! " at Vienna,Austria.

15. King of Italy makes Commander Guido, Rava, Sforni,Mantua, and Signor Sereni, President of Jewish Com-munity, Rome, Grand Officers of Crown of Italy.

22. Emperor Francis Joseph confers title of Regierungsratupon Professor Enoch H. Kisch, Prague.

22. Emperor of Abyssinia confers Commandership of Orderof Ethiopia on Signor Nathan, Mayor of Rome.

23. Anti-Jewish demonstrations, at Sofia, Bulgaria; in re-sponse to representations by Chief Rabbi, police instructedto repress further disorders.

29. Leopold Fijer appointed Ordinary Professor HigherMathematics, University of Budapest.

Oct. (beginning). Senator Professor Pio Foa, elected Presidentof International Pathological Congress, at Turin.

2. Municipality of Alexandria, Egypt, for first time closesoffices on Yom Kippur. Banks, counting-houses, ware-houses, and Bourse also close.

6. On occasion of seventieth birthday, deputation fromMunicipality of Budapest waits on Chief Rabbi Kohn tooffer congratulations.

9. Cablegram to Jewish Morning Journal, New York, thatSignor Luigi Luzzatti resigns as Premier of Italy, becauseof secret preparations for war against Turkey with objectof securing Tripoli.

13. Isidor Baumgarten appointed President of Senate atRoyal Curia, highest Court of Justice in Hungary,

(middle). Four Jews elected members of Town Council of Sofia,Bulgaria.

20. Emperor Francis Joseph raises to hereditary Hungariannobility Moi'se Cattaui Pasha, President of the Austro-Hungarian Benevolent Society, Cairo, and Leo Heller, Vice-President of the same.

20. Emperor Francis Joseph appoints Markus Huszar,Director of Finances at Ogulin, near Fiume.

20. Albert Frankfurter and Leopold Kronberger, Austria,receive title of Court Councillor.

20. Committee formed at Groningen, Netherlands, birth-place of late Josef Israels, to raise memorial to him.

20. Ernst Schneider, notorious anti-Semite, appointed Chiefof Education Department for Lower Austria.

Nov. 3. Deputation of Union of Native Jews wait on King ofRoumania, and present memorial, pointing out that situa-


OTHER COUNTRIES (continued)tion of native Jews since 1904, when deputation last waitedon King, has not improved, and praying for the ameliora-tion of their condition.

Nov. 3. Jewish teacher in Government School for Girls at Volo,Greece, dismissed as not qualified to instruct Christianchildren.

3. Professor Mahler compelled to resign from Universityof Prague because of adherence to Zionist movement.

3. Philipp Klein, Budapest, Hungary, created Royal Coun-sellor by Emperor of Austria.

10. Queen of Holland appoints Dr. A. CouvSe, Officer ofOrder of Orange-Nassau.

17. Christian and Jewish lawyers resent anti-Jewish out-burst of magistrate during trial at Sanok, Galicia, andrefuse to appear in future in any cases to be heard by him.

19-20. First Hebrew Congress in Lemberg, Galicia.Dec. 1. Queen of Holland appoints T. M. C. Asser member of

committee to formulate Government's proposals to Inter-national Committee making arrangements for third PeaceConference at the Hague.

8. Emperor appoints Josef Banoczi to be Ordinary Pro-fessor of Hungarian Literature and History at Universityof Budapest.

10. Emperor appoints Dr. Desiderius Markus Judge ofRoyal Curia, highest Court of Justice in Hungary.

15. Nobel Peace Prize for 1911 awarded jointly to ProfessorTobias Michael Carel Asser, Holland, and Alfred Her-mann Fried, of Berlin.

15. Robert Lederer, Vienna, appointed Vice-Consul forAustria and Hungary at Manchester, England.

15. Emperor of Austria confers title of Court Councillor onDr. Julius Schlag, Director of Archives at Ministry ofRailways.

15. Italian Government appoints Latis Bey, Alexandria,Chevalier of Order of Crown of Italy.

19. Neue Freie Presse, Vienna, publishes article by Dr.Armand Kaminka, on American agitation on passportquestion and urges that England, Germany, and Austriatake action on question.

22. Report that in response to joint representations byforeign Ambassadors, Turkish Government repeals orderexpelling Italian subjects, majority of whom are LevantineJews.

22. Hymans van den Bergh appointed Professor of Medicineat University of Groningen, Holland.


OTHER COUNTRIES (continued)Dec. 25. Liberal members of Austrian Parliament decide to in-

troduce Jewish passport question, and to demand thatRussia be compelled to recognize passports issued toAustrian Jews.

29. Emperor of Austria confers Commander's Cross ofFrancis Joseph Order on Court Councillor Emil Kuranda.

1912Jan. (beginning). In audience with King Charles of Roumania,

Rabbi Nemirower of Jassy and others complain of dis-criminatory laws against Jews and especially against pro-posed Industries Bill, intended to drive Jews out of allindustries. Dr. Nemirower appeals also for abolition ofoath more Judaico, still enforced in some law courts.

5. Roumanian Ministry introduces Bill in Parliament pro-viding that in all industrial establishments only twenty-five per cent of employees may be " strangers," i. e. Jews.

6. King of Italy confers Knighthood of Order of Crown onAbraham Eblagon, Chief Rabbi, Crete.

12. Council of Jewish Community of Cracow demands thatpresidents of five Jewish communities of Cracow be mem-bers ex-officio of Galician Diet.

12. Dr. Chajes, Florence, appointed Chief Rabbi, Trieste.13. Royal Court of Appeal, Florence, Italy, upholds decision

of Civil Tribunal rejecting suit brought by one hundredand fourteen Jews to have constitution of Jewish Com-munal Council declared invalid.

19. The Adeverul, discussing Jewish question, demands thatin proposed revision of Constitution Roumanian Jews begiven equal rights.

19. Town Council of Sofia, Bulgaria, decides to increase itsannual subventions to Jewish schools.

19. On initiative of Jewish Colonization Association,national European Jewish organizations cooperate foramelioration of economic, social, and educational con-ditions of Jews of Galicia.

20. Professor Paul Bujor, University of Jassy, Roumania,refuses to accept medal awarded him by Minister of PublicInstruction because similar medal has been awarded toProfessor A. C. Cuza, anti-Jewish agitator.

26. Emperor of Austria confers Order of Iron Crown, ThirdClass, on Julius Stern, editor of Fremdenblatt, Vienna.

26. Jacques Suares, Portuguese Consul at Alexandria, ap-pointed director of Consulate-General.

26. Central Jewish Consistory, Bulgaria, convenes Congressof Jewish Communities to draft constitution for religiousorganizations of kingdom.


OTHER COUNTRIES (continued)Jan. 26. Hungarian Government creates two chairs for Talmud

and Talmudical Literature at University of Budapest.Professor Leopold Huber designated Professor of one andDr. Ludwig Blau of other.

26. Commander Amerigo Nachmias appointed Chief of Sec-tion of Technical Instruction, and Dr. Riccardo Artom,Chief of Section of Fine Arts and Antiquarian Research,in reorganized Ministry of Education, Italy.

Feb. 1. M. Cattaui, Alexandria, elected President, Baron Jacquesde Menasce, Administrator, and M. Alfred SuarSs, memberof Board of Directors of Credit Foncier Egyptien.

2. Contract for construction of new port at Tripoli awardedby Italian Government to Jewish firm of Almagia, Rome.

2. Order of Savoy conferred by King of Italy on Com-mander Montalcini, Chief of the Secretariat of Chamberof Deputies.

9. Georg Brandes receives from King of Denmark the GoldMedal for Merit on occasion of seventieth birthday.

9. Egyptian Cabinet confers title of Bey on Claude Rolo inEgyptian civil service.

9. Victor Mosseri, agricultural engineer, Cairo, appointedmember of Government Commission to devise measuresfor prevention of damage to cotton.

16. Barons Alfons, Louis, and Eugen de Rothschild, ofVienna, commemorate first anniversary of their father'sdeath by giving one million crowns for benefit of workingclasses, and for founding an orphanage at Wittkowitz, andtwo hundred thousand crowns for building of surgicalwing at Mahrisch-Ostrau.

16. Court of Cassation, Roumania, issues decree forbiddingadministration of oath more Judaico.

16. City Council of Rotterdam forbids use of Jewish methodof slaughtering animals by Christian butchers.

16. King of Roumania confers Grand Officer's Cross ofCrown Order on Felix Kuranda, Director of Vienna Bank-verein.

16. G. Valensin Bey, member of Municipal Council, Alex-andria, appointed Commander of Order of St. Maurice andSt. Lazarus by King of Italy.

23. Bill introduced in Portuguese Congress providing forcession of land to Jewish emigrants to Angola, PortugueseWest Africa.

23. Moritz Rothkopf, Vienna, elected President of Chamberof Advocates, Serajevo, which makes him ex-officio a mem-ber of Diet of Bosnia and Herzegovina.


OTHER COUNTRIES (continued)Feb. 23. Jews at Kustendil, Bulgaria, attacked and nine injured

by mob.25. Jacob Tauber, Chief Rabbi of Prerau, made honorary

citizen by municipality of Eibenschtitz.Mch. 1. David Ritter von Gutmann gives three million kronen

for building hospital in Vienna, primarily for Jewishchildren.

1. King of Italy confers Knight's Cross of Crown of Italyon Dr. Cesare Pegna, Florence.

1. Minister of Education, Italy, appoints Gustave Castel-bolognese, Rabbi at Cuneo, Professor of Literature at HighSchool in Fossano.

8. Strong movement on foot in Austria for liberation ofLeopold Hilsner, convicted over ten years ago on ritualmurder charge.

8. Marco Besso, Trieste, and Errea Cavalieri, Ferrara,elected Senators, Italy.

8. Town of Zante in Greek Archipelago devastated byearthquake. Jewish quarter completely ruined, more thanone hundred families homeless.

15. Six hundred delegates attend Conference of Jewish Com-munities, Budapest, Hungary; methods to bring about har-mony among Orthodox and Reform congregations.

16. Austrian Imperial Academy of Science in recognition oforiginal research work grants honorariums to Dr. R. Engel-mann, Vienna, Dr. A. Ginzberger, Fraulein Dr. EmmaStiasny, Dr. Heinrich Reichel, and Dr. F. Hess.

22. Funeral of Regula, murderer of family of three Jews atMiskolcz, Hungary, made occasion of anti-Jewish demon-stration.

29. "With approach of municipal elections, Christian Social-ists, seeking re-election, organize anti-Jewish demonstra-tions in Vienna.

29. Emperor confers seat in Austrian House of Lords uponLeopold Sachs, banker, Vienna.

29. Jewish community in Tripoli, by decree of King of Italy,empowered to effect organization.

29. Major-General Coen, commanding brigade at Ravenna,on retirement appointed Grand Officer of Order of Crownof Italy.

Apl. 5. Professor Dr. Wilhelm Bacher, hitherto Rector of Jew-ish Theological Seminary of Budapest, appointed by Em-peror, on recommendation of Hungarian Minister of PublicWorship and Instruction, Director for life of the sameSeminary, this being the first time such an appointmentto a Jewish Seminary is made by a monarch.


OTHER COUNTRIES (continued)Apl. 12. Council of Jewish Community, Rome, elects Rabbi Dr.

Angelo Sacerdoti Chief Rabbi.12. Elio Melli, President of Provincial Council of Ferrara,

appointed by King of Italy Commander of Order of ItalianCrown.

19. Emperor Francis Joseph confers Gold Cross of Meritwith Crown on Rabbi Pinkas Bichler, Moor, Hungary.

19. Emperor of Austria confers title of Ordinary Professoron Dr. Max Neuburger, Extraordinary Professor of His-tory of Medicine at University of Vienna. Dr. Otto Zucker-kandl appointed Extraordinary Professor for Surgery, andDr. Julius Rothberger, Extraordinary Professor for Gen-eral and Experimental Pathology. Emperor confersKnights' Cross of Francis Joseph Order on SiegmundSchwartz, Briinn.

26. Sigmund Rona appointed Director of Royal Meteoro-logical Institute in Budapest, Hungary.

26. Ashkenazic Colony in Cairo, Egypt, comprising aboutsix hundred families, endeavors to become autonomous byseparating from the larger community.

26. Emperor of Austria confers Order of the Iron Cross,Third Class, on Dr. Gustav Kohn.

26. King of Italy confers grade of Officer of the Order of theItalian Crown on Dr. Geremia Fua.

May 3. Dr. Gino Modigliani, of Milan, gives 100,000 lire to ItalianGovernment for publication of national edition of worksof Leonardo da Vinci.

10. Anti-Jewish agitators, Bohemia, bring charge of ritualmurder against Jews.

10. Jacob Chalom, Alexandria, Egypt, appointed Inspector-General of Customs.

14. Tomb of Samuel Manasseh Ben Israel restored at theMiddelburg Portuguese Cemetery, Holland.

17. Conference at Sofia, Bulgaria, of representatives ofJewish Communities decides to call a Congress of Bul-garian Jews. Prime Minister gives audience to Confer-ence.

17. Azeglio Policarpo Bemporad, Professor of astronomy,appointed Director of the Observatory at Naples.

24. University of Athens, Greece, confers honorary degreeof Doctor of Laws on Paul Ehrlich, Frankfort, and AlfredPhilippson, Bonn.

June 2. Report that ITO Commission examines Bill on coloniza-tion of Angola, and submits amendment to Parliament.

13


OTHER COUNTRIES (continued)Portuguese Government continues to favor scheme, andis reported to be prepared to give Jews extensive con-cessions.

June 7. Emperor of Austria ennobles Imperial Councillor MoritzDoctor.

8. Solomon Spitzer, Cracow, Galicia, first Jew appointedDirector of Public School.

14. Behor Morzukos, sub-director of telegraph office atCorfu, Greece, decorated by German Emperor.

14. Dr. Farbstein, Jewish nationalist worker, appointedJudge of Swiss Court of Cassation. First Jew to receivethis appointment.

14. Khedive, Egypt, on birthday, confers titles and honorson Max Herz Pasha, President of the Committee for thePreservation of Monuments of Arabic Art; JacquesChalomBey, Inspector of Customs at Alexandria; Herzer Bey, In-spector of Government Archives; Drs. Goodman and Ru-dolph Amster and Dr. Hillel Farhi.

14. Central Committee of Galician Zionist Federation issuesappeal for a building fund of £4000 for Hebrew gymnasiumin Jerusalem.

14. Baron von Hertling, Bavarian Prime Minister, officiallypromises to introduce Bill dealing with reorganization ofJewish communities in Bavaria, the edict of 1813 beingantiquated.

16. The Neue Jiidische Korrespondenz, Cologne, announcesthat Portuguese Chamber of Deputies unanimously adoptsBill for Jewish Colonization of Angola plateau.

21. Emperor of Austria raises Imperial Councillor MoritzDoctor to rank of nobility.

21. Emperor of Austria appoints Michael Holzmann, ChiefLibrarian of University of Vienna.

21. Edgardo Lusena, Florence, Italy, organizes Conferenceof National Federation of Italian Bar, at Ministry of Jus-tice, Rome, and acts as Secretary-General.

21. Austrian Reichsrath adopts resolution proposed by theCzech Social-Democrat Schmeral, that political, national,and religious considerations shall not be taken into ac-count in appointment of functionaries.

24. T. M. C. Asser, Netherlands Minister of State, electedPresident of International Conference on the Check Sys-tem at The Hague.

24. In an encyclical addressed to Roman Catholic Bishopsof Central America, Pope Pius recommends that the Arch-bishops make every exertion in favor of " unfortunateJews in these immense regions," and reproaches theEpiscopate for neglecting this sphere so long.


OTHER COUNTRIES (continued)June 28. Zionists obtain victory in elections to Municipal Coun-

cils of Zloczow, Tarnopol, and Stryj, Galicia.28. Jews of Lemberg, Galicia, compel closing of moving

picture theatre which exhibited caricatures of Jews andscenes of Kishineff pogroms.

28. Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Lower Austriaadopts resolution of Dr. Paul Hammerschlag, member ofCouncil of Chamber, requesting Ministry for ForeignAffairs tc make representations to Russian Government,with view to abolition of restrictions imposed on Jewsdesiring to travel in Russia, and asking Ministry to sup-port similar steps which have been or may be taken byother Powers.

28. Sam Wiener re-elected Senator for Brussels and HerbertSpeyer elected Senator for Province of Belgian Luxem-burg, at General Elections.

28. Treasury of Corporation of Vienna receives sum of eightmillion Austrian crowns ($2,000,000) from estate of lateBaron Albert de Rothschild for general benevolent fund.

28. Professor Scipio Sighele resigns membership of Execu-tive Committee of National party, Italy, on account ofanti-Jewish attitude of some colleagues.

28. Lopez Fever, Spanish Consul at Tetuan, convenes specialmeeting of local Jews and recommends establishment ofa Hispano-Jewish Association, promising its recognitionby a royal decree.

27-30. Jewish Territorial Organization at annual meetingVienna, Austria, passes resolution thanking PortugueseChamber of Deputies for offer of land in Angola to Jewishcolonists, but regretting the impossibility of recommendingindividual colonists to undertake a task which could besuccessfully carried out only by an organization.

NECROLOGY1911

July (beginning). Adolf Lilien, financier and philanthropist,Lemberg, Galicia.

14. Alfred Chalom, communal worker, Cairo, Egypt, aged59.

21. Yehouda Jarmon, Rabbi, Tunis, aged 104.21. Simon Gruenwald, communal worker, Grosswardein,

Hungary.Aug. (beginning). Vittorio Castiglioni, Chief Rabbi, Rome, Italy,

aged 71.11. Isaac Reich, Rabbi, Szamos, Hungary, aged 117.


OTHER COUNTRIES (continued)Aug. 12. Josef Israels, painter, Scheveningen, Holland, aged 88.(middle). Ignaz Kallberg, former President of Produce Exchange,

Prague, Bohemia.19. Louis Frankel, Director Commercial Bank, Stockholm,

Sweden.25. Karl Schwab Edler von Gavosdia, first Jewish member

of House of Magnates, Gavosdia, Hungary, aged 84.Sept. 1. Jonas Baron, Chief Surgeon Jewish Hospital, Budapest,

Hungary.6. Wilhelm Herzog, editor of Korrespondenz Herzog,

Vienna, Austria, aged 65.7. Moses Freudeger de Obuda, communal worker, Budapest,

Hungary, aged 78.15. Giacobbe Rava, oculist and lecturer, University of Milan,

Italy, aged 73.15. B61a Guttmann, Chief Cantor of Jewish Community,

Vienna, Austria.15. Moritz Fuchsgelb, publisher of Armee-und-Marine-Zeit-

ung, Vienna, Austria, aged 70.(middle). Max Rhoden, physician, Oderberg, Austria, aged 62.Oct. 6. Moritz Koritschoner, Director of Imperial and Royal

Austrian Landerbank, Vienna, Austria.14. Adalbert Pokorny, Town Councillor, Iglau, Moravia,

aged 67.16. Joseph Hirsch Diinner, Chief Rabbi, Amsterdam, Hol-

land, aged 79.20. Behor Azaria, communal worker, Sofia, Bulgaria, aged

38.30. Lazar Samuel, Court Councillor, Budapest, Hungary.

Nov. 3. Samuel Rokeach, Rabbi, Sakolo, Galicia, aged 64.3. Leopold Herzel, Director of Jewish High School, Brody,

Austria, aged 77.14. Bernhard Gruenwald, former departmental chief at

Hungarian Ministry of Interior, Budapest, Hungary, aged82.

18. Phillip Singer, Burgomaster, Ungarisch-Brod, Hungary,aged 97.

23. Josef Singer, Imperial Councillor and Chief Cantor,Vienna, aged 70.

Dec. 8. Gustav Steinbach, journalist, Vienna, aged 63.15. Abbe1 Pietro Perreau, Hebraist, Florence, Italy, aged 84.22. Adam Safflr, Imperial and Government Councillor,

Vienna, Austria, aged 55.22. Philipp Weinmann, Court Councillor, Budapest, Hun-

gary.27. Bernhard Pollack, Edler von Parnan, Vienna, Austria,

aged 65.


OTHER COUNTRIES (continued)1912

Jan. 5. Giacomo Naggiar, communal worker, Alexandria, aged75.

19. Eugen Ritter von Kahler, painter, Prague, aged 30.24. Michael Cohen, Rabbi, Budapest, Hungary.26. Hermann Breitner, communal worker and Knight of

Order of Francis Joseph, Austria, aged 87.Feb. 2. Chief Rabbi of Monnor, Hungary.

2. Emil Jonas, Danish Privy Councillor, Weissensee, aged87.

2. Adele Lowehstein, ne'e Baroness Popper von Podraghy,Baden, near Vienna, Austria.

7. Jacob Silberstein, Imperial Councillor and President ofJewish Congregation at Teschen, Vienna, Austria, aged 62.

9. Samuel Kohn, Rabbi, Budapest, Hungary, aged 72.14. Philip A. Focshaneanu, communal worker, Bucharest,

Roumania, aged 80.16. Dr. Caro, lecturer on History to Faculty of Letters at

University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.17. Nathan Ehrenfeld, Rabbi, Prague, Austria, aged 70.

Mch. 15. Joseph Ruff, physician, Carlsbad, Austria, aged 66.15. M. Schnirer, philanthropist, Jassy, Roumania.22. Eduard Franckel, Consul-General, Stockholm, aged 75.

Apl. 5. Theodor Pollak, Royal Ministerial Councillor, Vienna,Austria.

8. Joseph Spitzberger, communal worker, Vienna, Austria,aged 87.

12. Tobias Lipschutz, Rabbi, Brzesko, Galicia, aged 87.30. Moritz Lazarus, communal worker, Lemberg, Austria,

aged 80.May 10. Moi'se Arditti, syndic to Mixed Tribunals, Alexandria,

Egypt.15. David Ritter von Guttmann, philanthropist and com-

munal worker, Baden, near Vienna, Austria, aged 78.17. Professor Przibram, physician, Prague, Austria, aged 71.

June 16. Adolf Landesberger, Director of Anglo-Austrian Bank,Knight of Order of Iron Crown, Vienna, Austria, aged 55.


THE PASSPOET QUESTION1911

July (beginning). Portland, Ore., branch Ancient Order ofHibernians adopt resolutions advocating abrogation ofTreaty of 1832 with Russia.

2. J. E. Price, minister of Methodist Episcopal Church,New York City, in sermon, proposes keeping out Russiancitizens from United States until Russia has been taughtmeaning of American citizenship.

5. Central Conference of American Rabbis at annual meet-ing, St. Paul, Minn., pass resolution advocating abrogationof Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

11. State Department informs the American Hebrew thatobjectionable words in a circular issued to Americancitizens, formerly Russian subjects, who apply for pass-ports, will be discontinued.

12. New York Assembly pass unanimously Assemblyman A.J. Levy's resolution asking New York congressional dele-gation to work for abrogation of Russian Treaty.

13. Governor Woodrow Wilson, in letter to Herman Bern-stein, condemns Russia, and states " there is no divergenceamong patriotic Americans on passport question."

15. Representative Murray, Massachusetts, reads in Houseof Representatives resolution passed by MassachusettsLegislature protesting against any distinction being madeby foreign Governments among American citizens travel-ling abroad, and introduces resolution calling attention ofSecretary of State to action of Massachusetts Legislature.

17. Assemblyman A. J. Levy's resolution advocating thepassage of a resolution pending in Congress for abrogationof Treaty of 1832 with Russia passed by New York Senate.

Aug. 9. The New York Times states that administration plans toinduce recognition of passports by Russia through arbi-tration.

10. Georgia Legislature passes resolution requesting Con-gress to abrogate Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

Sept. 3. Annual Convention Independent Order Ahawas Israelpasses resolutions advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832with Russia.

Oct. 8. Hon. Simon Wolf addresses sixth biennial meeting ofNational German American Alliance, which adopts reso-lution advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 withRussia.


Oct. 10. National Citizens' Committee, New York, to compelRussia to cease discriminating against American passportsheld by Jews, elects officers: Andrew D. White, President,Win. G. McAdoo, Chairman Executive Committee, HenryGreen, General Director.

14. Theodore Roosevelt, in editorial in the Outlook, pro-poses as preliminary step to its denunciation that Treatyof 1832 with Russia be submitted to Hague Tribunal forinterpretation.

22. Rep. William Sulzer, at a meeting in Pilgrims' Church,New York City, states that when Congress convenes inDecember he will introduce joint resolution for abrogationof Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

23. Senator Penrose assures delegation of PhiladelphiaJews, headed by Judge Mayer Sulzberger, that he will takeup Passport Question with President Taft and SecretaryKnox as soon as Congress convenes, and is of opinion that" final notice should be served on Russia that the UnitedStates will no longer tolerate discrimination against anyclass of our citizens." Judge Sulzberger points out im-possibility of referring Passport Question to the HagueTribunal.

28. Senator Penrose, of Pennsylvania, in letter to JewishMorning Journal, states that if Russia refuses to accede toour demands, he will advocate abrogation of Treaty withRussia. Advises Jewish organizations to pass resolutionsand transmit them to Senators and Representatives.

30. Senator Lodge states to Boston, Mass., delegation ofJews, headed by Max Mitchell, that in view of Russia'scontinued violation of Treaty of 1832 decisive action mustbe taken.

30. Meeting of ministers of all denominations under auspicesof Federation of Churches adopts resolutions protestingagainst persecution of Jews and non-Orthodox Christiansby Russia and advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832with Russia. Among speakers are Bishop James Court-ney, Rev. Dr. Joseph Strong, and Rev. Dr. Charles F.Ralston. Letters read favoring abrogation of Treaty fromAndrew D. White, Bishop David H. Greer, Dr. LymanAbbott, and Rev. Dr. Chas. H. Parkhurst.

Nov. 7. Samuel Dorf, Grand Master Order Brith Abraham,issues circular to all lodges to pass resolutions requestingSenators and Representatives to vote for abrogation ofTreaty of 1832 with Russia.


Nov. 13. Judge Leon Sanders, Grand Master of IndependentOrder Brith Abraham and President of National JewishFraternal Congress, issues circular to Grand Masters andLodges to pass resolutions requesting Senators and Rep-resentatives to vote for abrogation of Treaty of 1832 withRussia.

16. Julian W. Mack, Julius Rosenwald, Chicago, 111., HarryCutler, Providence, R. I., and Isaac M. Ullman, New Haven,Conn., confer with President Taft and Secretary of StateKnox on question of abrogating Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

17. Delegation of New York Jews at instance of AmericanJewish Committee wait on Senators Root and O'Gormanand ask them to use their influence to bring about abroga-tion of Treaty of 1832 with Russia. Senator O'Gormanpledges his support; Senator Root declines. Jacob H.Schiff states Russian representatives admitted to himthat John Hays Hammond was chosen as promoter ofAmerican syndicate to exploit Russian resources becauseof influence with President Taft.

17. John Hays Hammond in reply to statement of Jacob H.Schiff states that he has not endeavored to influence Presi-dent Taft in his attitude on Passport Question.

18. Cable from Russia to New York Sun states that CurtisGuild, Jr., American Ambassador, made protest againsttreatment of American Jews without result.

18. State Department, Washington, denies that John HaysHammond tried to influence President Taft or any officialof State Department on Passport Question.

19. Mass meeting under auspices of New England membersof Order Brith Abraham, Boston, Mass., passes resolutionsadvocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

19. Herman Bernstein, in address at Mikvfi Israel Syna-gogue, Philadelphia, Pa., declares that John Hays Ham-mond's project of irrigating Russian Turkestan for pro-ducing cotton there, caused astonishment to a prominentRussian statesman because it meant rivalling Americancotton industry.

19. Young Men's Hebrew Association, Jersey City, N. J.,adopts resolution protesting against discrimination byRussian Government against American citizens.

20. Anshe Mayriv Congregation, Chicago, 111., passes reso-lutions advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 withRussia.

20. Members of Progressive Order of the West, St. Louis,Mo., petition Governor Hadley to write President Taft totake action on Passport Question.


Nov. 20. Governor Hadley, Missouri, writes to President Taft,advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 or its full observ-ance by Russia.

21. Louisville Section, Council of Jewish Women, advocatesabrogation of Russian Treaty.

21. Delegation of Jewish citizens, Birmingham, Ala., con-sisting of Rabbi Morris Newfield, Otto Marx, and others,wait on Rep. Oscar W. Underwood, who pledges his sup-port to abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

21. Cablegram to New York Times from St. Petersburg, thatAmbassador Guild's representations with respect to Pass-port Question have been ignored. Russian Acting Secre-tary of State sends usual reply, that all passport questionswere under control of Department of Interior.

21. Mass meeting, Jackson, Miss., addressed by GovernorNoel, Bishops Candler and Bratton, and CongressmenWitherspoon and Collier, passes resolutions for the abro-gation of the Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

22. Jacob H. Schiff, New York City, charges that true reasonfor United States not insisting on recognition of its treatyrights with Russia regarding passports is that such apolicy was thought to be hurtful to certain influentialAmerican business interests.

22. Independent Order B'nai B'rith joint committee meet-ing recommends that subcommittees be appointed in everysection of country to call upon newspaper editors and urgeabrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

23. Order Brith Abraham, Salt Lake City, Utah, adoptsresolutions advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 withRussia.

24. Delegation of Jews, Birmingham, Ala., headed by RabbiMorris Newfield, waits on United States Senator JosephP. Johnston, who pledges his support in movement forabrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

24. San Francisco Section, Council of Jewish Women, passesresolution advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 withRussia.

24. Independent Order Ahawas Israel issues circular to alllodges to adopt resolutions requesting Congressmen andSenators to vote for abrogation of Russian Treaty.

25. Cablegram to New York Sun from St. Petersburg statesthat Russian Foreign Ministry expects to block action byCongress to instruct administration to take action onTreaty; that Russian Department of Interior has ignoredAmerican protest altogether.

25. American Federation of Labor at annual conventionadopts resolution urging Congress to abrogate Treaty withRussia.


Nov. 26. Mass meeting, Bridgeport, Conn., adopts resolutions ad-vocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

26. Duquesne Lodge, Independent Order Ahawas Israel,and Dorshe Zion Society of Federation American Zionists,Pittsburg, Pa., adopt resolutions advocating abrogationof Treaty with Russia.

26. Pilgrim Lodge, Independent Order United Hebrews,Brockton, Mass., adopts resolution advocating abrogationof Treaty with Russia.

26. Ohavei Zion Society, Philadelphia, Pa., passes resolu-tions requesting Pennsylvania Senators to favor abroga-tion of Treaty with Russia.

26. Mass meeting, Trenton, N. J., adopts resolutions favoringabrogation of Treaty with Russia.

26-8. Portland Lodge, Order Brith Abraham, and TheodorHerzl Lodge, Independent Order B'nai B'rith, adopt reso-lution requesting Oregon delegation at Washington to votein favor of abrogating Treaty with Russia.

27. Jews of Auburn, N. Y., under lead of Order Brith Abra-ham Lodge, request Congressman Sereno E. Payne to workfor abrogation of Treaty with Russia.

27. Mass meeting, Newark, N. J., to protest against Russianinterpretation of Treaty, presided over by ex-GovernorFranklin Murphy.

27. American Jewish Committee publishes report of inter-view with Ambassador Rockhill by Herman Bernstein sub-stantiating charges of Jacob H. Schiff, that administrationignored demand for abrogation of Russian Treaty, asinimical to American financial interests.

28. B'nai Zion Association and Maccabean Association, SanAntonio, Tex., adopt resolutions advocating abrogation ofTreaty of 1832 with Russia.

28. Senator Luke Lea promises delegation of Jewish citi-zens of Nashville, Tenn., headed by Nathan Cohn, that hewill urge abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

29. Senator John Walter Smith, Maryland, promises dele-gation of Baltimore Jews, headed by Jacob H. Hollander,that he will vote for the abrogation of the Treaty of 1832with Russia.

29. Delegation of Jewish citizens of Missouri waits onUnited States Senator James A. Reed and CongressmanWilliam P. Borland, who express themselves in favor ofabrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

29. Federation of Jewish Farmers of America adopts resolu-tions advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

30. Mass meeting, Pine Bluff, Ark., adopts resolution advo-cating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.


Nov. 30. Sanders Lodge, Independent Order Brith Abraham, Leo-minster, Mass., adopts resolutions advocating abrogationof Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

Dec. (beginning). B'nai B'rith Lodge, Salt Lake City, Utah, ap-points committee to draft communication to SenatorsSmoot and Sutherland requesting them to advocate abro-gation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

1. Russians, Lithuanians, and Poles, Scranton, Pa., holdmass meeting, and adopt resolution advocating abrogationof Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

1. Delegation Jewish citizens, Newark, N. J., wait onSenator Frank O. Briggs to ask his assistance for abroga-tion of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

2. Legislature of California adopts resolution advocatingthe abrogation of the Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

2. Sons and Daughters of Zion, Federation of AmericanZionists, Schenectady, N. Y., send resolution to Rep. H. S.de Forest urging abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

2. Bayonne, N. J., Hebrew organizations adopt resolutionadvocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

2. Pride of Chester Lodge, Order Brith Abraham, ChesterLodge, Independent Order Ahawas Israel, and Congrega-tion of Israel, Chester, Pa., adopt resolutions advocatingabrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

2. California Legislature adopts resolutions introduced bySenator Edward I. Wolfe, calling upon Congress to demandof Russia that all American citizens be recognized andprotected, irrespective of race or religion, while withinRussian territory, or, in default of such protection, thatpresent Treaty with Russia be abrogated.

3. Albany Section, Council Jewish Women, adopts protestagainst treatment of American and Jewish people inRussia.

3. Boston Young Men's Hebrew Association passes resolu-tion recommending that members petition their UnitedStates Senators and Representatives to advocate abroga-tion of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

3. Washington despatch states Russia absolutely refusesto comply with demands of United States to grant toAmerican Jews right conferred by Treaty of 1832 freely toenter and travel within her domains. Notifies UnitedStates that she will accept abrogation of Treaty of 1832rather than accord this privilege.

3. Delegation of Jewish citizens, Baltimore, Md., headedby Jacob H. Hollander, waits on United States SenatorIsidor Rayner, who pledges his support for abrogation ofTreaty of 1832 with Russia.


Dec. 4. Board of Supervisors, San Francisco, Calif., adopt reso-lution advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

4. Members of Isaiah Temple, Chicago, 111., adopt resolu-tion advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

4. Young Men's Hebrew Association, Boston, Mass., adoptsresolution advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 withRussia.

4. Philadelphia Section, Council Jewish Women, endorsesaction of Jewish community in appealing to Senators andRepresentatives for abrogation of Treaty of 1832.

4. Rep. John N. Garner (Tex.), introduces resolution (H.Res. 316) providing for the abrogation of the Treaty of1832 with Russia, as follows:

Resolved, That it is the sense of the House of Repre-sentatives that the Treaty of eighteen hundred and thirty-two between the United States and Russia should be abro-gated because of the discrimination by Russia betweenAmerican citizens in the administration of the Treaty.

4. Rep. Wm. Sulzer (N. Y.) introduces resolution (H. J.Res. 166) providing for the termination of the Treaty of1832 with Russia, as follows:

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives ofthe United States of America in Congress assembled, Thatthe people of the United States assert as a fundamentalprinciple that the rights of its citizens shall not be im-paired at home or abroad because of race or religion; thatthe Government of the United States concludes its Treatiesfor the equal protection of all classes of its citizens, with-out regard to race or religion; that the Government ofthe United States will not be a party to any Treaty whichdiscriminates, or which by one of the parties thereto isso construed as to discriminate, between American citizenson the ground of race or religion; that the Governmentof Russia has violated the Treaty between the UnitedStates and Russia, concluded at St. Petersburg Decembereighteenth, eighteen hundred and thirty-two, refusing tohonor American passports duly issued to Americancitizens, on account of race and religion; that in the judg-ment of the Congress the said Treaty, for the reasonsaforesaid, ought to be terminated at the earliest possibletime; that for the aforesaid reasons the said Treaty ishereby declared to be terminated and of no further forceand effect from the expiration of one year after the dateof notification to the Government of Russia of the terms ofthis resolution, and that to this end the President is herebycharged with the duty of communicating such notice tothe Government of Russia.


Dec. 5. Senator Charles A. Culberson (Tex.) introduces resolu-tion providing for termination of Treaty of 1832 withRussia. (Text same as Sulzer Resolution.)

5. Rep. Henry M. Goldfogle (N. Y.) Introduces resolution(H. J. Res. 167) providing for the termination of theTreaty of 1832 with Russia, as follows:

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives ofthe United States of America in Congress assembled, Thatit is, and ever has been, a fundamental principle of thisGovernment that the rights of its citizens shall not be im-paired at home or abroad on account of race or religion;that the Government of the United States concludes itsTreaties for the equal protection of all classes of itscitizens, without regard to race or religion; that the Gov-ernment of the United States will not be a party to anyTreaty which discriminates, or which by one of the partiesthereto is so construed as to discriminate between Ameri-can citizens on the ground of race or religion; that theGovernment of Russia has violated the Treaty betweenthe United States and Russia, concluded at St. PetersburgDecember eighteenth, eighteen hundred and thirty-two,by refusing to honor American passports duly issued toAmerican citizens, on account of race or religion; that inthe judgment of the Congress of the United States the saidTreaty, because of the aforesaid violation by Russia, oughtto be terminated at the earliest possible time; that thePresident of the United States be, and he is hereby,directed to give notice to the Government of Russia thatthe United States elects to abrogate and terminate thesaid Treaty and bring it to an end, and thereupon at theexpiration of one year from the date of such notificationto the Government of Russia the said Treaty shall beterminated and be at an end and of no further force andeffect.

5. Rep. David J. Foster (Vt.) introduces resolution (H. J.Res. 168) providing for the appointment of a Commissionof three Senators, three Representatives, and three citizens" to inquire into the question of the discrimination by theGovernment of Russia against American passports whenpresented by American citizens of the Jewish faith."

6. Mass meeting, Carnegie Hall, New York City, underauspices of National Citizens Committee, presided over byWilliam G. McAdoo, Chairman Executive Committee, ad-dressed by Hon. Andrew D. White, Senator James A.O'Gorman (N. Y.), William Randolph Hearst, BishopDavid H. Greer, Governor Woodrow Wilson (N. J.),Speaker Champ Clark, Jacob G. Schurman (President


Cornell University), Congressmen N. E. Kendall (Iowa),William Sulzer, Francis B. Harrison, William M. Calder,Henry M. Goldfogle (N. Y.), and ex-Congressmen WilliamS. Bennet and Herbert Parsons (N. Y.). Messages fromGovernor Judson Harmon (Ohio), United States SenatorBoies Penrose (Pa.), and Congressmen James M. Curley(Mass.) and J. Charles Linthicum (Md.). Resolutionsadopted urging abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

Dec. 6. Ohavei Zion Society, New Orleans, La., passes resolutionadvocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

6. President Taft confers with Adolf Kraus and SimonWolf of the Independent Order B'nai B'rith and withRepresentative Sulzer on Passport Question.

7. Delegation of Jewish citizens, Providence, R. I., headedby Harry Cutler, wait on Congressmen Utter and O'Shau-nessy, and urge them to support movement for abrogationof Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

7. Hebrew Veterans of War with Spain, New York City, atannual dinner, adopt resolutions advocating abrogation ofTreaty of 1832 with Russia.

7. President Taft, in message to Congress, on PassportQuestion, states he can report progress and expects to bein position to report further after holiday recess.

8. Members of Concord Lodge, No. 444, Order Brith Abra-ham, Concord, N. H., adopt resolution advocating abroga-tion of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

8. Board of Directors, First Hebrew Congregation, Oak-land, Calif., passes resolution advocating abrogation ofTreaty of 1832 with Russia.

8. Representatives of societies, Boston, Mass., present reso-lution to Vice-President Sherman urging him to favorabrogation of Treaty with Russia.

8. Executive Committee of Zionist Council, Cleveland, O.,passes resolutions advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832with Russia.

9. Delegation of Boston Jews calls upon Senators Lodgeand Crane, and the Representatives of their State, at Wash-ington, D. C, and secure from them promise to vote forabrogation of Treaty if diplomatic negotiations fail.

10. Borough Park Civic Club, Brooklyn, N. Y., passes resolu-tion advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

10. Resolutions adopted by Adas Kodesh Congregation,Washington, D. C, advocating abrogation of Treaty of1832 with Russia.

10. The Novoe Vremya, St. Petersburg, believes that Treatyof 1832 will be abrogated soon, for " no country can grantmore extensive rights to foreigners than to its own sub-jects."


Dec. 10. Meeting, Spokane, Wash., protests against violation byRussia of Treaty with United States.

10. Mass meeting, St. Louis, Mo., protests against Russia'sviolation of Treaty of 1832.

10. Mass meeting, Pittsburg, Pa., protests against Russia'sviolation of Treaty of 1832.

10. Memphis (Tenn.) Lodge, Independent Order B'naiB'rith, sends petition to Congress, praying for abrogationof Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

11-12. Hearing before House Committee on Foreign Affairs, onthe Sulzer resolution (H. J. Res. 166) for the terminationof the Treaty with Russia. Statements favoring adoptionof resolution made by William G. McAdoo, Mayer Sulz-berger, Louis Marshall, Harry Cutler, Leon Kamaiky,Rev. Donald C. McLeod, Joseph Silverman, Jacob H.Schiff, Oscar S. Straus, Abram I. Elkus, Leon Sanders,Samuel Dorf, Solomon Foster, Bernard Nolan, Representa-tives Henry M. Goldfogle, Charles B. Smith, and FrancisBurton Harrison (N. Y.), and William Murray (Mass.).

12. House Committee on Foreign Affairs unanimously re-ports Sulzer resolution (H. J. Res. 166) without amend-ment.

12. Governor Shafroth, Denver, Colo., signs petition to Presi-dent Taft praying for abrogation of Treaty of 1832 withRussia.

13. Mass meeting at Albany, N. Y., presided over by Gover-nor Dix, passes resolution advocating abrogation of Treatyof 1832 with Russia. Addresses by Bishops Burke andNelson, Rev. J. V. Moldenhauer, Rev. James S. Kittell,Marcus T. Hun, Rabbi Samuel H. Goldenson, and Hon.D. E. Ainsworth.

13. Mass meeting, Akron, O., adopts resolution calling onUnited States Senators from Ohio and Rep. Bathrick toadvocate abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

13. House of Representatives adopts, by vote of 301 to 1, theSulzer resolution (H. J. Res. 166) providing for the termi-nation of the Treaty of 1832 with Russia, RepresentativesLevy and Goldfogle (N. Y.) in the chair. Speeches favor-ing adoption of resolution made by Representatives Adair(Ind.), Allen (O.), Austin (Tenn.), Ayres (N. Y.), Buch-anan (111.), Byrns (Tenn.), Calder (N. Y.), Candler(Miss.), Cary (Wis.), Clark (Fla.), Conry (N. Y.),Cooper (Wis.), Cox (O.), Curley (Mass), Donohoe (Pa.),Dupr§ (La.), Dyer (Mo.), Edwards (Ga.), Farr (Pa.),Ferris (Okla.), Finley (S. C) , Flood (Va.), Francis (O.),Gallagher (111.), Gardner (Mass.), Goldfogle (N. Y.),Graham (111.), Gregg (Pa.), Gudger (N. C) , Hamill (N.


J.), Harrison (N. Y.)( Hinds (Me.), Kahn (Calif.), Kendall(la.), Kindred (N. Y.), Konig (Md.), Legare (S. C) ,Levy (N. Y.), Linthicum (Md.), Lobeck (Neb.), Long-worth (O.), McCall (Mass.), McCoy (N. J.), Mann (111.),Moore (Pa.), Morgan (Okla.), Murray (Mass.), Nye(Minn.), Olmsted (Pa.), Patten (N. Y.), Peters (Mass.),Raker (Calif.), Reilly (Conn.), Robinson (Ark.), Saun-ders (Va.), Sisson (Miss.), Small (N. C), Stedman(N. C), Stone (111.), Sulzer (N. Y.), Tilson (Conn.),Tuttle (N. J.), and Wilson (N. Y.).

Dec. 13. Mass meeting, Little Rock, Ark., adopts resolution, ad-vocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

13. Young Men's Hebrew Association, Lynn, Mass., adoptsresolution advocating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 withRussia.

13. Hearing before Senate Committee on Foreign Relations,on Culberson Resolution (S. J. Res. 60), for the termina-tion of the Treaty with Russia of 1832. Statements byLouis Marshall, Mayer Sulzberger, and Oscar S. Strausfavoring adoption of the resolution.

15. The President instructs Curtis Guild, Jr., Ambassadorto Russia, to communicate notice of intention of the UnitedStates to terminate the Treaty of 1832 with Russia, be-cause the Treaty is " no longer fully responsive, in variousrespects, to the needs of the political and material rela-tions of the two countries."

15. Christian Church Council, Pittsburg, Pa., adopts reso-lution urging State Department to secure fair treatmentfor all American citizens.

15. Judean Society, Oakland, Calif., adopts resolution advo-cating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

15. Benjamin Franklin Lodge, No. 40, of Independent OrderUnited Hebrews, Lynn, Mass., adopts resolutions favoringabrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

17. Mass meeting, Boston, Mass., adopts resolution advo-cating abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

17. Mass meeting, Washington, D. C, adopts resolution infavor of abrogation of Treaty of 1832 with Russia.

17. Governor Dix presides at mass meeting on PassportQuestion, Troy, N. Y.

17. Curtis Guild, Jr., Ambassador to Russia, communicatesnotice of intention of United States to terminate Treaty of1832 with Russia, from January 1, 1913.

18. The President, in a message to the Senate (S. Doc. 161),communicates his action respecting the Russian Treaty of1832, and requests approval thereof by the Senate.


Dec. 18. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations unanimouslyreports resolution as substitute for Sulzer resolution, asfollows:

WHEREAS, The Treaty of commerce and navigation be-tween the United States and Russia, concluded on theeighteenth day of December, eighteen hundred and thirty-two, provides in Article XII thereof that it " shall continuein force until the first day of January, in the year of ourLord eighteen hundred and thirty-nine, and if, one yearbefore that day, one of the high contracting parties shallnot have announced to the other, by an official notification,its intention to arrest the operation thereof, this Treatyshall remain obligatory one year beyond that day, and soon until the expiration of the year which shall commenceafter the date of a similar notification"; and

WHEREAS, On the seventeenth day of December, nineteenhundred and eleven, the President caused to be deliveredto the Imperial Russian Government, by the AmericanAmbassador at St. Petersburg, an official notification onbehalf of the Government of the United States, announ-cing intention to terminate the operation of this Treatyupon the expiration of the year commencing on the firstof January, nineteen hundred and twelve; and

WHEREAS, Said Treaty is no longer responsive invarious respects to the political principles and commercialneeds of the two countries; and

WHEREAS, The constructions placed thereon by the re-spective contracting parties differ upon matters of funda-mental importance and interest to each; Therefore, be it

Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives ofthe United States of America in Congress assembled, Thatthe notice thus given by the President of the UnitedStates to the Government of the Empire of Russia toterminate said Treaty in accordance with the terms ofthe Treaty is hereby adopted and ratified.

18. Mass meeting in State Senate Chamber, Sacramento,Calif., adopts resolution advocating abrogation of Treatyof 1832 with Russia.

19. Speeches in Senate in favor of adoption of resolutionterminating Russian Treaty made by Senators Bacon(Ga.), Culberson (Tex.), Heyburn (Idaho), Hitchcock(Neb.), Lodge (Mass.), O'Gorman (N. Y.), Poindexter(Wash.), Rayner (Md.), Root (N. Y.), Shively (Ind.),Smith (Mich.), Stone (Mo.), and Williams (Miss.).Amendments offered by Senators Hitchcock (Neb.) andNewlands (Nev.) substantially restoring text of Sulzer

14


resolution defeated; resolution reported by Foreign Rela-tions Committee adopted unanimously, 72 Senators voting.

Dec. 20. House of Representatives unanimously adopts Senateresolution. Debate participated in by RepresentativesAustin (Tenn.), Berger (Wis.), Foster (Vt.), Goldfogle(N. Y.), Harrison (N. Y.), Kent (Calif.), McCall (Mass.),Malby (N. Y.), Mann (111.), Moore (Pa.), Olmsted (Pa.),and Sulzer (N. Y.).

20. Rep. Victor Berger (Wis.) introduces resolution (H. J.Res. 192) providing for the termination of the extraditionTreaty of 1887 with Russia.

1912Jan. 3. Cablegram to New York Sun states: Russian Govern-

ment declines to respond favorably to President Taft'sintimation, conveyed through Ambassador Curtis Guild,Jr., that he was willing to begin negotiations immediatelyfor a new Russo-American Treaty, to replace that of 1832.

5. Resolution adopted by Federal Council of Church ofChrist, Cincinnati, O., calling upon State Department todemand that Russia cease passport discrimination againstAmerican Jews and Roman Catholics.

5. The Jewish Daily News, New York City, informed bySt. Petersburg correspondent that first act of revenge forabrogation of Treaty on part of United States Governmenttaken by Russia is expulsion of number of foreign Jewsconnected with International Bank in St. Petersburg.

Feb. (end). Grand Lodge of Independent Order B'nai B'rithadopts resolution expressing appreciation of services ren-dered by American press and public-spirited men, in move-ment to terminate Russian Treaty.

Apl. 7. Herman Bernstein, in New York Sun, gives translationof extracts from secret report of Durnovo Passport Com-mission appointed by Czar in 1905. Report admits UnitedStates is justified in attitude against Russia's discrimina-tion against American Jews, and recommends abolition ofexceptional regulations against Jews, thus making foreignJews subject only to the rules applicable to all foreigners.

June 22. Republican National Convention adopts following plankin its platform: " We approve the action taken by thePresident and Congress to secure with Russia, as withother countries, a treaty that will recognize the absoluteright of expatriation, and that will prevent all discrimina-tion of whatever kind between American citizens, whethernative born or alien, and regardless of race, religion, orprevious political allegiance. The right of asylum is aprecious possession of the people of the United States,and it is to be neither surrendered nor restricted."


July 3. Democratic National Convention adopts following plankin its platform: "We commend the patriotism of theDemocratic members of the Senate and House of Repre-sentatives, which compelled the termination of theRussian Treaty of 1832, and we pledge ourselves anewto preserve the sacred rights of American citizenship athome and abroad. No treaty should receive the sanctionof our Government which does not recognize that equalityof all our citizens, irrespective of race or creed, and whichdoes not expressly guarantee the fundamental right ofexpatriation. The constitutional rights of Americancitizens should protect them on our borders and go withthem throughout the world, and every American citizenresiding or having property in any foreign country isentitled to, and must be given, the full protection of theUnited States Government, both for himself and hisproperty."

Petitions praying for the abrogation of the Treaty of 1832 withRussia were presented in Congress on various dates by numerouslodges and branches of the Arbeiter Ring, Council of JewishWomen, Independent Order Ahawas Israel, Independent OrderB'nai B'rith, Independent Order Brith Abraham, IndependentOrder Brith Sholoni, Independent Order Free Sons of Judah,Order Brith Abraham, Order Sons of Zion, Order United Hebrews,Western Star Order, and by the following local organizations:

Alliance, O.: Citizens.—Alton, Kan.: Citizens.—Amelia, O.:Citizens.—Baltimore, Md.: Faculty of Johns Hopkins University,Hebrew Young Men's Sick Relief Ass'n, Ministers' Union.—Barnes-ville, 0.: Citizens.—Bayonne, N. J.: Alpha Theta Fraternity,B'nai Zion Kadimah, Business Men's Ass'n, Cong. Adas Israel,Cong. Agudas Achim, Cong. B'rith Abraham, Cong. Ohab SholomAnshe Sfard, Cong. Talmud Torah, Hebrew Benevolent Ass'n,Mutual Progressive Ass'n, Temple Emanuel, Young Men's HebrewAss'n.—Brockton, Mass.: Cong. Agudas Achim.—Brooklyn, N. Y.:Brotherly Aid Ass'n, Cong. B'rith Israel Anshe Ernes, Cong. Tiph-ereth Israel, Jewish Aid Society, School of Biblical Instruction,Temple Emanuel.—Canton, O.: Citizens, Cong. Shaarai Torah.—Cincinnati, O.: Citizens, Episcopal Diocese Southern Ohio, He-brew Tailors' Benevolent Ass'n, Order Knights of Joseph, PeaceSociety, Pilgrim Church, Voliner Unterstiitzungs Verein.—Cumber-land, Md.: Ministerial Ass'n.—Damascus, O.: Citizens.—Dayton,O.: Citizens, Young Men's Hebrew Club.—Denver, Colo.: Cong.Shearith Israel, Cong. Zera Abraham.—Deadwood, S. D.: BlackHills Hebrew Cong.—Elizabeth, N. J.: Hebrew Ass'n, HolcheYosher Cong.—Emerson, O.: Religious Society of Friends.—Frankfort, Mich.: Citizens.—Hartford, Conn.: Acheduth Club,


Cong. Adas Israel, Executive Council Federated Churches of Con-necticut, John Hay Lodge, No. 61, Knights of Pythias, Ministers'Meeting.—Hoboken, N. J.: Temple Israel.—Langford, S. D.:Citizens.—Los Angeles, Cal.: Cong. Beth Israel.—Macedonia, O.:Citizens.—Massillon, 0.: Citizens.—Marietta, O.: Trades andLabor Assembly.—Milwaukee, Wis.: Cong. B'rith Israel.—Newark,N. J.: Cong. B'nai Jeshurun, Ind. Order of King Solomon.—NewBedford, Mass.: Cong. Ahawath Achim, Cong. Chesed Shel Emeth,Cong. Linath Hazedeck.—New Haven, Conn.: Ind. Minsker Ass'n,Men's League First Universalist Church.—New York City: Austro-Hungarian Zionists, Cantors' Ass'n of America, Collegiate ZionistLeague, Cong. Anshei Smaryon, Cong. Agudas Achim Anshe Kur-land, Cong. Brothers of Israel, Cong. Tiphereth Israel, Federationof Jewish Farmers, First Botoschani American Sick BenevolentAss'n, Ind. Warschauer Sick Supporting Society, Jewish Com-munity (Kehillah), Jewish Young Men's League, Keidaner Ass'n,National Progressive Republican League, Navaridoker Bros. Ass'n,Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Seminary, United Roumanian Palestine AidSociety, United Hebrew Community.—Norwich, Conn.: Cong.United Hebrews.—Norwood, O.: Citizens.—Oswego, 111.: Citizens.—Philadelphia, Pa.: Roumanian Workingmen's Benefit Ass'n.—Pittsburg, Pa.: Chamber of Commerce, Washington St. Syna-gogue.—Niagara Falls, N. Y.: Men's Club St. Peter's Church.—Portland, Ore.: Citizens, Young Men's Hebrew Ass'n.—Providence,R. I.: Business Men's Ass'n.—Reno, Nev.: Young Men's HebrewAss'n.—Rockland, O.: Citizens.—St. Joseph, Mo.: Cong. ShaaraiSholom.—Salem, 0.: Citizens.—San Francisco, Cal.: Board ofSupervisors.—Washington, D. C: Washington Secular League.—Wheeling, W. Va.: Citizens.—Union, N. J.: Hebrew Institute,Temple Emanuel.—Worcester, Mass.: Tower of Zion Cong.—Youngstown, O.: Citizens.1

1 The references to petitions given above are taken from the Congressiona.Record.

U. S. GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS OF INTEREST

THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES ANDAFFAIRS OF INTEREST TO THE JEWS

[For items relating to the Passport Question see pp. 196-210.]1911

July 1. Immigration Commissioner William Williams, NewYork, in annual report to Commissioner General, traducesimmigration from Southern and Eastern Europe, andshows his animus by characterizing the residents of Eliza-beth, Rivington, Orchard, and East Houston Streets asfollows: [They] "possess filthy habits and are of anignorance that passes belief."

Aug. 7. Rep. Seaborn A. Roddenbery (Ga.), introduces Bill (H.R. 13,368) providing for exclusion of aliens over fourteenyears of age unable to read and write, those not possess-ing one hundred dollars in cash, those not having certifi-cates of good moral character, those not passing physicaltest equal to that of United States Army, those judged tobe " physically, mentally, or morally unfit to be Americancitizens," and a head-tax of $50.

7. Sen. William P. Dillingham (Vt.), introduces Bill (S.3175) providing for an educational test for immigrants,the exclusion of those not eligible for naturalization, theconsolidation of the Chinese exclusion law with the generalimmigration statutes, the procuring by each immigrant ofa " certificate of admission and identity," and other re-strictive features.

Dec. 8. Rep. Adolph J. Sabath (111.), introduces Bill (H. R.15,126) providing for improvements in the steerage ofvessels bringing immigrants to the United States.

1912Jan. 10. Rep. Martin Dies (Tex.), introduces Bill (H. R. 17,601)

excluding all aliens over sixteen years of age unable toread.

11-12. Hearings before House Committee on Immigration inopposition to restrictive Bills. Statements by Louis W.Hammerling, John Vicario, A. G. Johnson, S. J. Vlasto,L. E. Miller, L. C. Frank, Fred. A. Larson, Charles K.Johansen, Rev. C. L. Orbach, all representing AmericanAssociation of Foreign Language Newspapers; Max J.Kohler and Simon Wolf, representing Board of Delegatesof the Union of American Hebrew Congregations; MissGrace Abbott, Director Immigrants' Protective League,Chicago; Judge Leon Sanders, President Hebrew Shelter-


ing and Immigrant Aid Society, New York; Rep. Henry M.Goldfogle (N. Y.), Ven Svarc and Albert P. Mamatey,National Slavonic Society; Cyrus L. Sulzberger and Her-bert Friedenwald of the American Jewish Committee;Gino C. Speranza, New York, and Isaac A. Hourwich,Washington.

Jan. 13. Rep. Adolph J. Sabath (111.), introduces Bill (H. R.17,827) providing that no alien shall be debarred fromadmission to United States, if thereby children are sepa-rated from parents, or vice versa, if parent or parents ormajority of family are admissible.

18. Senate Committee on Immigration reports DillinghamImmigration Bill (S. 3175; see Aug. 7) amended by strik-ing out the educational test provision.

19. Rep. Benjamin K. Focht (Pa.), introduces Bill (H. R.18,342) providing for the exclusion of persons not eligibleto naturalization, the consolidation of the Chinese exclu-sion laws with the general immigration statutes, and theprocuring by all aliens of " certificates of admission andidentity, and other restrictive features."

27. Rep. Adolph J. Sabath (111.), introduces Bill (H. R.18,851) to increase the scope of the work of the Divisionof Information of the Immigration Bureau.

Feb.1-2. Hearing before House Committee on Immigration infavor of restriction of immigration. Statements by T. J.Brooks, of Farmers' Educational and Cooperative Union,John J. Weitzel, Rev. M. D. Lichliter, and William B.Griffith, representing Junior Order United AmericanMechanics, and Rep. Martin Dies (Texas).

14. Dillingham Immigration Bill (S. 3175) recommitted tothe Senate Committee on Immigration, amended, and re-ported back to Senate.

17. Rep. Francis Burton Harrison (N. Y.), appears beforeHouse Committee on Immigration in opposition to re-striction of immigration.

21. Sen. Henry Cabot Lodge (Mass.), introduces Bill (S.5416) providing for an educational test for immigrants.

24. Rep. Richard Bartholdt (Mo.), and Marcus Braun (N.Y.) appear before House Committee on Immigration inopposition to restriction of immigration.

29. Hearing before House Committee on Immigration infavor of restriction of immigration. Statements by SamuelGompers, President American Federation of Labor, andH. E. Wills, representing various railroad employees' or-ganizations.

Men. 1. Rep. John L. Burnett (Ala.), introduces Bill (H. R.21,175) providing for the exclusion of aliens over sixteenyears of age unable to read.

U. S. GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS OF INTEREST 213

Mch. 2. Rep. Sabath (111.), introduces Bill (H. R. 21,220) pro-viding for the supervision and protection of immigrantsen route to their destinations; for the establishment ofstations for this purpose; and the erection and main-tenance of such a station in Chicago.

18. Sen. Frank M. Simmons (N. C.) makes speech favoringrestriction of immigration and announces intention tooffer amendment embodying an educational test to theDillingham Bill (S. 3175).

18. Rep. Burnett (Ala.), introduces Bill (H. R. 22,048) pro-viding for educational test for immigrants.

28. Rep. John L. Burnett (Ala.), introduces Bill (H. R.22,527) providing for educational test for all immigrantsover sixteen years of age.

Apl. 16. House Committee on Immigration reports favorablyBurnett Bill (H. R. 22,527).

17. Sen. William P. Dillingham (Vt.), makes speech infavor of Bill (S. 3175) introduced by him, providing forrestriction of immigration.

18. Senate considers Dillingham Immigration Bill (S. 3175)as reported by the Committee on Immigration. Speechesin favor of an educational test by Senators Borah andHeyburn (Idaho), Root (N. Y.), and Williams (Miss.);in opposition, by Senators Martine (N. J.) and O'Gorman(N. Y.).

19. Senate passes Dillingham Bill (S. 3175). Educationaltest adopted by vote of 56 to 9 (Clarke, Ark., Fall, N. M.,Gronna, N. D., Nelson, Minn., O'Gorman, N. Y., Rayner,Md., Shively, Ind., Smith, Md., and Stone, Mo., votingagainst). Root Amendment providing for deportation ofaliens in residence in United States who conspire for vio-lent overthrow of a foreign government adopted.

25. Hearing before House Committee on Military Affairs todelegation favoring appointment of Jewish chaplain inArmy. Statements by Nissim Behar, Nathan Krass, AaronD. Levy, and others representing Federation of JewishOrganizations of New York.

25. Rep. Sabath (111.) files minority report signed byMessrs. Goldfogle (N. Y.), Curley (Mass.), Moore (Pa.),and Catlin (Mo.), of House Committee on Immigration,opposing Burnett Bill restricting immigration.

May 1. Rep. Burnett (Ala.), introduces resolution (H. Res. 518)fixing May 14 for consideration of and vote on Bill (H. R.22,527) providing an educational test for immigrants.

2. Rep. James Young (Tex.), speaking to legislative, execu-tive, and judicial appropriation Bill, makes speech favor-ing the imposition of an educational test for immigrants.


May 7-8. Hearing before House Committee on Immigration toopponents of restriction of immigration consisting ofdelegates from Philadelphia (Louis E. Levy, SolomonSolis Cohen, Maurice J. Speiser, Joseph Gross, and JacobGinsburg); Boston (Julius Friedenberg and JosephSimon); Pittsburg (A. M. Ashinsky); Baltimore (AdolphKress, Israel Silberstein, M. E. Selenkow, Louis H. Levin);New York (Wm. S. Bennett, Herbert Parsons, Stephen S.Wise, Joseph Barondess, Miss Lillian D. Wald, John J.Ohsol, Edward Sanford, Aaron D. Levy, Frank L. Frugone,Nissim Behar, and Mark J. Katz).

21. House Committee on Immigration, by vote of 7 to 5,decide to table the Dillingham Bill (S. 3175).

22. Rep. Martin Dies (Tex.), speaking to Bill for estab-lishment of Bureau of Mines, makes speech favoring re-striction of immigration.

June 7. House Committee on Immigration votes to substitutethe Burnett Bill (see Mch. 28) for the Dillingham Bill andreport it to the House.

8. House Committee on Immigration reports favorably onSabath Bill (H. R. 2122). See Mch. 2.

10. Senator O'Gorman (N. Y.), has printed as a Senatedocument (S. Doc. 785) a statement, signed by Moe Leu-kowsky and Anton Kaufman, Chairman and Secretary ofthe Citizens' Committee of Orchard, Rivington, and EastHouston Streets, New York City, refuting calumnies con-tained in the annual report of the Commissioner of Im-migration Williams. (See July 1, 1911.)

12. Rep. Goldfogle (N. Y.) files minority report, signed byMessrs. Sabath (111.), Curley (Mass.), Moore (Pa.), andCatlin (Mo.), of House Committee on Immigration, op-posing Burnett Bill restricting immigration.

18. Rep. J. Hampton Moore (Pa.) delivers a speech in Con-gress opposing an educational test for immigrants.

19. Representatives Mann (111.), Lobeck (Neb.), and Camp-bell (Kans.), deliver speeches in Congress in oppositionto, and Burnett (Ala.), in favor of, an educational testfor immigrants.

Petitions opposing the passage of the Dillingham and BurnettImmigration Bills, providing for the restriction of immigration bya literacy test, were presented in Congress on various dates by thefollowing organizations:

Anderson, S. C : Cong. B'nai Israel.—Baltimore, Md.: Chamberof Commerce.—Bingham Canon, Utah: Bingham Miners' Union.—Boston, Mass.: Boston Lettish Workmen's Ass'n.—Brooklyn, N.Y.: Lithuanian Workers, United Polish Society.—Buffalo, N. Y.:

U. S. GOVERNMENT AFFAIRS OF INTEREST 215

Italian Businessmen's Ass'n, Local Colony Alliance of PolishRoman Catholic Union, Polish Falcon Gymnastic Society, PolishLiberal Circle, Polish Singing Circle, Sons of Poland.—Chattanooga,Tenn.: Cong. B'nai Zion, Young Men's Hebrew Ass'n.—Chicago,111.: Ass'n Jewish "Women, City Council, Cong. Anshe Liebowitz,Cong. Sharei Sholim, Independent Order B'nai B'rith, PolishNational Alliance, Polish Roman Catholic Union, Union LeagueClub, United Lithuanian Societies—Gaylor, Mich.: KosciuskoPolitical Club, St. Mary's Church, St. Michael Society, St. Stanis-laus Society.—Grand Junction, Colo.: Trades Labor Assembly.—Hammond, Ind.: Knights of Columbus.—Johnstown, N. Y.: CityCouncil.—Lackawanna, Pa.: Church Societies.—Lowell, Mass.:Board of Trade.—Metz, Mich.: St. Dominick Society.—Milwaukee,Wis.: Chamber of Commerce.—Minneapolis, Minn.: Holy CrossSociety, Jewish Charities, Polish Club, St. Anthony Society.—Newark, N. J.: Cong. Anshe Russia.—New Haven, Conn.: In-dependent Minsker Ass'n, Independent Wilner Ass'n, Knights ofIsrael, Peddlers' Protective Ass'n.—New York City, N. Y.: AtlanticCoast Seamen's Union, American Ass'n Foreign Language News-papers, Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, Local 309, CentralFederated Union, Council of Jewish Women, Federation of Bess-arabian Organizations, German Machinists Benevolent Ass'n, He-brew American Typographical Union, Hebrew Veterans of the Warwith Spain, Independent Order Ahawas Israel, Independent OrderBrith Abraham, International Ladies' Garment Workers Union,Jewish Community (Kehillah), Labor Council Greater New York,Lackawanna Steel Co., National Liberal Immigration League,Political Refugees' League of America, United Hebrew Trades,Workmen's Circle.—Omaha, Neb.: Hebrew Club.—Philadelphia,Pa.: Hebrew Sunday School Society, Independent Order B'rithSholom, Italo-American Alliance, National German American Alli-ance, Polish American Societies of Pennsylvania, Society for ItalianImmigrants.—Pittsburg, Pa.: Chamber of Commerce.—Provi-dence, R. I.: Hebrew Criterion Ass'n, Young Men's Hebrew Ass'n.—Rochester, N. Y.: Cong. Beth Hamedrash Hagodol.—Salt LakeCity, Utah.: Monteflore Cong., Salt Lake Federation of Labor.—St. Louis, Mo.: Jewish Charitable and Educational Union, UnitedJewish Charitable and Educational Union.—San Francisco, Calif.:California State Federation of Labor, Labor Council.—Somerville,N. Y.: Cong. Anshe Chesed.—South Bend, Ind.: Polish AmericanSocieties.—Syracuse, N. Y.: Cong. Adath Jeshurun, Cong. BethIsrael.—Waterbury, Conn.: Hebrew Benefit Ass'n.—Wilkes-Barre,Pa.: Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society, Young Men's Hebrew Ass'n.—Youngstown, 0.: Citizens.1

1 The references to petitions given above have been taken from the Con-gressional Record.


LIST OF JEWISH MEMBEES OF THE CONGEESSOF THE UNITED STATES

PASTBENJAMIN, JUDAH PHILIP, 1812-1884. Sen. from La., 1853-1861.EINSTEIN, EDWIN, 1842-1906. Rep. from N. Y., 1879-1881.EMERICH, MAETIN, 1847- . Rep. from 111., 1903-1907.FISCHER, ISRAEL F., 1858- . Rep. from N. Y., 1895-1899.FRANK, NATHAN, 1852- . Rep. from Mo., 1889-1891.GOLDZIER, JULIUS, 1854- . Rep. from 111., 1893-1895.HART, EMANUEL B., 1809-1897. Rep. from N. Y., 1851-1853.HOUSEMAN, JULIUS, 1832-1891. Rep. from Mich., 1883-1885.JONAS, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, 1834-1911. Sen. from La., 1879-1885.LESSLER, MONTAGUE, 1869- . Rep. from N. Y., 1902-1903.LEVIN, LEWIS CHARLES, 1808-1860. Rep. from Pa., 1845-1851.LEVY, DAVID. See YULEE, DAVID LEVY.LITTAUER, Lucius NATHAN, 1859- . Rep. from N. Y., 1897-1907.MAY, MITCHELL, 1871- . Rep. from N. Y., 1899-1901.MEYER, ADOLPH, 1842-1908. Rep. from La., 1891-1908.MORSE, LEOPOLD, 1831-1892. Rep. from Mass., 1877-1885, 1887-1889.PHILLIPS, HENBY MYER, 1811-1884. Rep. from Pa., 1857-1859.PHILLIPS, PHILIP, 1807-1884. Rep. from Ala., 1853-1855.PULITZER, JOSEPH, 1847-1911. Rep. from N. Y., 1885-1886.SIMON, JOSEPH, 1851- . Sen. from Ore., 1898-1903.STRAUS, ISIDOR, 1845-1912. Rep. from N. Y., 1894-1895.STROUSE, MYEB, 1825-1878. Rep. from Pa., 1863-1867.WOLF, HARRY B., 1880- . Rep. from Md., 1907-1909.YULEE, DAVID LEVY, 1811-1886. Del. from Fla., 1841-1845; Sen.

from Fla., 1845-1851, 1855-1861.

PRESENT(MEMBERS OF THE SIXTY-SECOND CONGRESS)

GOLDFOGLE, HENRY M., Democrat, Representative, New York City,1901-

GUGGENHEIM, SIMON, Republican, Senator, Colorado, 1907-KAHN, JULIUS, Republican, Representative, San Francisco, 1889-

1902, 1905-LEVY, JEFFEBSON MONROE, Democrat, Representative, New York

City, 1899-1901,1911-RAYNER, ISIDOR, Democrat, Representative, Baltimore, 1887-1889,

1891-1895; Senator, Maryland, 1905-SABATH, ADOLPH J., Democrat, Representative, Chicago, 1907-

AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORICAL SOCIETY 217

DIRECTORY OF JEWISH NATIONAL ORGANIZA-TIONS IN THE UNITED STATES

[An asterisk (*) Indicates that no response was received to inquiries]

ALLIANCE ISRAELITE UNIVERSELLEOrg., May, 1860. OFFICE : 150 Nassau, New York City

BRANCHES : Maryland : Baltimore.—Massachusetts : Boston, 2, Worces-ter.—New Jersey: Hoboken, Jersey City.—New York: Blmira, New YorkCity.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia.

AMERICAN FEDERATION OF THE JEWISH TERRITORIALORGANIZATION

(ITO)Org., April, 1906. OFFICE : New York City

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : Chairman, Cyrus L. Sulzberger, 516 WestEnd Av.; Daniel Guggenheim, Herman Rosenthal, all of N. Y. C.; SolomonSolis Cohen, Mayer Sulzberger, both of Phila., Pa.

BRANCHES : Maryland: Baltimore.—New York : New York City.—Penn-sylvania : Philadelphia.

AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEEincorporated, March 16, 1911.

Av., New York CityFor report, see pp. 291-314.

Org., Nov. 11, 1906. Incorporated, March 16, 1911. OFFICE : 356 SecondAv., New York City

AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORICAL SOCIETYOrg., 1892. OFFICE : 531 W. 123d, New York City

Twentieth Annual Meeting, February 11-12, 1912, Boston, Mass.Members, 344.Has Issued twenty volumes of " Publications." Maintains a collection

of Books, Manuscripts, and Historical Objects in its Room in the Buildingof the Jewish Theological Seminary, 531 W. 123d, N. Y. C.

OFFICERS : Pres., Cyrus Adler, Phila., Pa.; Vice-Pres., Simon W. Rosen-dale, Albany, N. Y.; David Philipson, Cincinnati, O.; Julian W. Mack,Washington; D. C.; Richard J. H. Gottheil, N. Y C.; Treas., N TaylorPhillips, N. Y. C.; Curator, Leon Htihner, N. Y. C.; Cor. Sec, Albert M.Frledenberg 38 Park Row, N. Y. C.; Rec. Sec, Herbert Friedenwald, 356Second Av., N. Y. C.


EXECUTIVE COUNCIL : The Officers, and Charles J. Cohen, Phlla., Pa.;Henry Cohen, Galveston Tex.; Lee M. Friedman, Boston, Mass.; Jacob H.Hollander, Baltimore, Md.; Joseph Jacobs, N. Y. C.; Max J. Kohler,N. Y. C.; Max L. Margolis, Phila., Pa. ; Alexander Marx, N. Y. C.;A. S. W. Rosenbach. Phila., Pa.; J. Bunford Samuel, Phila., Pa.; MayerSulzberger, Phila., Pa. ; Simon Wolf, Washington, D. C.; Oscar S. Straus,N. Y. C, ex offlcio, as past President of the Society.

ARBEITER RING(THE WORKMEN'S CIRCLE)

Org., Sept. 4, 1900. OFFICE : 89 Delancey St., New York CityTwelfth Annual Meeting, May 1-5, 1912, New York City.Members, 40,300.Branches, 480.OFFICERS : Pres., I. Gothelf; Treas., J. Dryshpel; Sec, Jehiel Weintraub,

89 Delancey Street, all of N. Y. C.DIRECTORS : The Officers, and J. Abramowitz, Fannie Horowitz, S. Jellin,

B. Levitan, S. Noodelman, B. Sheiffer, M. Weinburg.BRANCHES : Alabama : Birmingham.—California : Los Angeles, Oakland,

San Francisco.—Colorado : Denver.—Connecticut: Ansonia, Bridgeport,Danbury, Hartford, Meriden, Middletown, New Britain, New Haven, NewLondon, Norwalk, Norwich, Stamford, Waterbury, Winsted,—Delaware:Wilmington.—District of Columbia : Washington.—Florida : Jacksonville.—Georgia : Atlanta, Macon, Savannah.—Illinois : Chicago, Maywood.—In-diana : Indianapolis, South Bend.—Iowa : Des Moines, Sioux City.—Ken-tucky : Louisville, Newport.—Louisiana : New Orleans.—Maine : Auburn.—Maryland : Baltimore.—Michigan : Detroit, Flint, Grand Rapids.—Minne-sota : Duluth, Minneapolis, St. Paul.—Missouri: Kansas City, St. Joseph,St. Louis.—Nebraska : Lincoln. Omaha, S. Omaha.—New Hampshire : Man-chester, Nashua.—New Jersey : Atlantic City, Bayonne, Carteret, Elizabeth,Hoboken, Jersey City, Long Branch, Morristown, Newark, New Brunswick,Passalc, Paterson, Perth Amboy, Plainfleld, Red Bank, Trenton, Vineland,W. Hoboken.—New York : Albany, Blnghamton, Brooklyn, Buffalo, Center-ville Sta., Elmira, Gloversville, Hudson, Kingston, Mount Vernon, New-burgh, New Rochelle, New York, N. Tarrytown, Patchogue, Port Chester,Rochester, Schenectady, Syracuse, Troy, Utica, Yonkers.—Ohio: Akron,Canton, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Dayton, East Liverpool, Toledo,Youngstown.—Oregon : Portland.—Pennsylvania : Altoona, Easton, Harris-burg, Johnstown, Philadelphia, Pittsburg, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre.—Rhode Island : Providence, Woonsocket.—Tennessee : Memphis.—Texas :Dallas, Galveston, Houston, San Antonio, Waco.—Utah : Salt Lake City.—Virginia : Lynchburg, Norfolk, Portsmouth, Richmond.—Washington :Seattle.—West Virginia : Wheeling.—Wisconsin : Milwaukee, Sheboygan.—Canada: Hamilton, London, Montreal, Ottawa, Toronto, Winnipeg.

BARON DE HIRSCH FUNDInc., 1890. OFFICE : 43 Exchange Place, New York City

The activities of the Fund fall under the following heads :I. BARON DE HIRSCH AGRICULTURAL SCHOOL, Woodbine, N. J., offers

to Jewish young men a course in Agriculture, consisting of twoyears, beginning April 1.

CENTRAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN RABBIS 219

II. BARON DB HIBSCH TRADE SCHOOL, 22 East 64th, N. Y. C, offersinstruction in day classes in the following trades : Machinist,Plumbing, Electrical, House, Fresco and Sign Painting.

III. Controls the Woodbine Land and Improvement Company.IV. English education to immigrants. Day and Evening Classes

through branches and subsidized societies.V. Relief Work. Through branches and subsidized societies.

BRANCHES : Colorado : Denver.—Illinois : Chicago.—Maryland : Balti-more.—Massachusetts : Boston.—Missouri: St. Louis.—New York : Brook-lyn.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, Pittsburg.

OFFICERS : Pres., Eugene S. Benjamin, 440 Lafayette ; Vice-Pres., JacobH. Schiff ; Treas., Murry Guggenheim ; Hon. Sec, Max J. Kohler, 30 Broad,all of N. Y. C.

TRUSTEES : The above Officers, and Nathan Bijur, Abram I. Elkus,Henry Rice, S. G. Rosenbaum, all of N. Y. C. ; Simon F. Rothschild, ofBrooklyn, N. Y.; and Mayer Sulzberger, William B. Hackenburg, and S. S.Fleisher, of Phila., Pa.

GEN. AGT. : H. L. Sabsovlch ; ASST. AGT. : Louis J. Cohen.

CANTORS ASSOCIATION OF AMERICA(SUCCESSOR TO SOCIETY OF AMERICAN CANTORS)

Org., June 1, 1908. OFFICE : New York CityThird Annual Meeting, May 13, 1912, New York City.Members, 200.OFFICERS : Pres., David Cahn; Vice-Pres., A. Frachtenberg and M.

Aronoff; Sec, I. Frank, 68 W. 114th; Treas., Ed. Kartschmaroff, 1143Lexington Av., all of N. Y. C.

TRUSTEES : Sol. Baum and S. Meisel.DIRECTORS : A. Minkowsky, S. Baum, I. Schorr, Cantors, Siegel, Wolf-

berg, Friedman, and Auerbach.BRANCHES : Chicago, New York City, Philadelphia.

CENTRAL CONFERENCE OF AMERICAN RABBIS

Org., July 9, 1889

Twenty-third Annual Convention, April 12-17, 1912, Baltimore, Md.Members, 207.Has issued twenty-one volumes of its " Year Book " ; the " Union Prayer

Book " ; the " Union Hymnal " ; the " Union Haggadah " ; " Prayers forPrivate Devotion," and various other publications.

OFFICERS, 1912-1913: Hon. Pres., Kaufmann Kohler, Cincinnati, O.;Pres., Samuel Schulman, N. Y. C.; Vice-Pres., Moses J. Gries, Cleveland,O.; Treas., Leo M. Franklin, Detroit, Mich.; Rec. Sec, Julian Morgen-stern, Cincinnati, O.; Cor. Sec, Solomon Foster, 264 Clinton Av., Newark,N. J.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, 1912-1913 : Edward N. Calisch, Richmond, Va.;Harry W. Ettelson, Hartford, Conn.; Maurice H. Harris, N. Y. C.; Maxi-milian Heller, New Orleans, La.; Charles S. Levi, Peoria, 111. ; David Marx,Atlanta, Ga.; Harry H. Mayer, Kansas City, Mo. ; David Phllipson, Cin-cinnati, O.; William Rosenau, Baltimore, Md.; Tobias Schanfarber, Chicago,111.; Joseph Stolz, Chicago, 111.


COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMENOrg., Sept., 1893. OFFICE : 448 Central Park West, New York CitySixth Triennial Convention. Dec. 12, 1011, Phlla., Pa.Sections, 65 : Senior Sections, 5 1 : Junior Sections. 14.The work of the Council Is conducted under the following Committees:

Religion, Religious Schools, Philanthropy, Jewish Juniors, Reciprocity,Peace and Arbitration, Education, Purity of the Press. Immigrant Aid.

The National body supports a Committee on Immigrant Aid and theSections engage In philanthropic, educational, and religious work.

OFFICERS: Pres.. Marion L. Misch (Mrs. Caesar), 400 Westminster,Providence, R. I . : First Vtce-Pres., Melida Pappe (Mrs. Julius), Chicago,111.; Second Vice-Pres., Bertha F. Rauh (Mrs. Enoch), Plttsburg, Pa.;Treas.. Ida W. Friend (Mrs. Jos. E.), New Orleans. La.; Rec. Sec, Mrs.Paul Kessel, Kansas City, Mo. ; Auditor, Mrs. Henry Streng, Louisville, Ky.;Executive Secretary, Sadie American, 448 Central Park West, N. Y. C.;rhairmnn Immigrant Aid Committee, Sadie American, 448 Central ParkWest, N. T. C.

DIRECTORS: (1911-1917) Mrs. Nathaniel Harris, Donora, Pa.; Mrs.Seymour Samuels, Cincinnati, O. ; Mrs. Emma Eckhouse, Indianapolis, Ind.;Mrs. Otto Kempner. Brooklyn, N. Y.; (1908-1914) Mrs. EH Strouse, Balti-more, Md.; Mrs. Nathan Glauber, N. Y. C.; Mrs. D. B. Levy, Norfolk, Va.;Mrs. Robert Well, N. Y. C.

SECTIONS : Alabama : Birmingham, Mobile, Montgomery, Selma.—Cali-fornia : Los Angeles. San Francisco.—Colorado : Colorado Springs.—Con-necticut : Hartford, New Haven. Stamford.—District of Columbia : Wash-ington.—Georgia : Atlanta, Savannah.—Illinois : Chicago.—Indiana :Indianapolis, Lafayette. Terre Haute.—Kentucky: Louisville.—Louisiana:New Orleans.—Maryland : Baltimore.—Massachusetts : Boston, Worcester.—Minnesota: Minneapolis, St. Paul.—Missouri: Kansas City.—New York:Albany, Brooklyn, Bnffnlo, Elmlra, New York City. Rochester. Syracuse.—Ohio: Cincinnati, Dayton. Marlon. Youngstown, Zanesvllle.—Oregon: Port-land.—Pennsylvania : Altoona, Bradford. Oil City, Philadelphia, Plttsburg.—Rhode Island : Providence.—South Carolina : Charleston.—Tennessee:Nashville.—Texas : Fort Worth. San Antonio. Tyler.—Virginia : Alex-andria, Norfolk, Richmond.—Washington : Seattle.—Wisconsin : Mil-waukee.—Canada: Toronto.

DROPSIE COLLEGE FOR HEBREW AND COGNATE LEARNINGInc., May 20, 1907. Broad and York Sts., Philadelphia, Pa.

OFFICERS : Pres., Cyrus Adler. 2041 N. Broad ; Vlce-Pres., Mayer Sulz-berger; Treas., Oscar B. Teller; Sec, Ephralm Lederer, all of Phila., Pa.

BOARD OF GOVERNORS : The Officers, and Harry Friedenwald, Baltimore,Md. : Louis Gerstley, William B. Hackenburg, both of Phlla., Pa. ; LouisMarshall, N. Y. C.; 8. Schechter, N. Y. C.; Oscar S. Straus, N. Y. C.; PaulM. Warburg, N. Y. C. ; Edwin Wolf, Phlla., Pa.

FACULTY : Pres., Cyrus Adler (Ph. D., Johns Hopkins) ; Professor Incharge of the Biblical Department, Max L. Margolls (Ph.D.. Columbia);Professor In charge of the Rabbinical Department, Henry Malter (Ph. D.,Heidelberg) : Instructor Department of Cognate Languages, Jacob Hosch-ander (Ph. D., Marburg) ; Resident Lecturer In Jewish Jurisprudence andInstitutes of Government, Hon. Mayer Sulzberger (LL. D.). Non-ResidentLecturers : Asher Glnzberg. London ; Dr. Adolph Biichler. Principal Jews'College, London. Honorary Fellow: Rabbi Raphael H. Melamed (JewishTheological Seminary of America). Fellows: Bible, Joseph Relder (B. A.,College of the City of New York) ; Joseph Medoff (B. S.. University ofPennsylvania). Rabblnics : Rabbi Jacob B. Grossman (Jewish TheologicalSeminary of America) ; B. Halper (M. A., London). Cognate Languages:Reverend John Melghan (B. D., Crozer Theological Seminary).

EASTERN COUNCIL OF REFORM RABBIS 221

EDUCATIONAL LEAGUEFOR THE HIGHER EDUCATION OF ORPHANS

Org., 1896. OFFICE : Jewish Orphan Asylum, Cleveland, O.Fifteenth Annual Meeting, July 4, 1910, Cleveland, O.Members, 1474.OFFICERS : Pres., Martin A. Marks, Cleveland, O.; Vice-Pres., Emil

Nathan, Memphis, Tenn.; Honorary Vice-Pres., Nathan Cohn, Tenn.; MorrisH. Flarsheim, Ky.; Adolph Freund, Mich.; Milton R. Hart, 111.; Sol. S.Kiser, Ind.; Louis S. Levi, Southern Ohio ; Max S. Schayer, Colo.; Lucius L.Solomons, Calif.; Wm. Stix, Mo. ; Jonas Well, Minn.; Simon Wolf, Districtof Columbia; Treas., S. Wolfenstein, Cleveland, O.; Sec, Alfred A. Benesch,716 Society for Savings Bldg., Cleveland, 0.

GOVERNORS : Myrtle W. Baer, Milwaukee, Wis.; Henry Berkowitz, Phila.,Pa. ; Amelia Buchman, Cleveland, O.; Mrs. Adolph Buchstein, Detroit,Mich.; Mrs. S. H. Einstein, Cleveland, O.; Herman Freiburger, Fort Wayne,Ind.; Nathan Glicksman, Milwaukee, Wis.; Edna Goldsmith, Cleveland, O.;Henry Greenebaum, Chicago, 111.; Moses J. Gries, Cleveland, O.; GraceGrossmann, Youngstown, 0 . ; Minnie Halle, Cleveland, 0 . ; Mrs. Michael W.Heller, Cleveland, O.; S. J. Kornhauser, Cleveland, O.; Fred Lazarus, Jr.,Columbus, O.; Emil W. Lelpziger, Terre Haute, Ind.; Meyer Lovitch,Paducah, Ky.; Joseph A. Magnus, Cincinnati, O.; Mrs. Jacob Ottenheimer,Cincinnati, O.; Sidney Pritz, Cincinnati, O.; Anna C. Roth, Toledo, O.;Samuel Schwartz, Cleveland, O.; E. A. Schwarzenberg, Cleveland, O.; ErnestSteiner, N. Y. C. ; David Sternberg, Memphis, Tenn. ; Elsa R. Straus, St.Louis, Mo.; Eugene F. Westheimer, St. Joseph, Mo.; Louis Wolsey, Cleve-land, O.

The members are distributed as follows : Alabama : Demopolis, Mobile,Montgomery, Selma.—Arkansas : Little Rock.—Colorado : Colorado Springs,Cripple Creek, Denver, Pueblo.—Florida : Jacksonville.—Illinois : Cham-paign, Chicago, Glencoe.—Indiana: Albion, Cannelton, Evansville, FortWayne, Indianapolis, Lafayette, Ligonier, Madison, Mount Vernon, Muncie,Terre Haute.—Iowa : Carroll, Davenport, Des Moines, Sioux City.—Ken-tucky : Louisville, Newport, Paducah.—Louisiana : Donaldsonville, New Or-leans, Shroveport.—Maryland : Baltimore.—Michigan : Bay City, Cadillac,Detroit, Gaylord, Grand Rapids, Houghton, Jackson, Kalamazoo.—Minne-sota : Minneapolis, Renvllle, St. Paul, Winona.—Mississippi : Columbus,Greenville, Gunnison, Natchez.—Missouri: Farmington, Kansas City,Louisiana C'ty, St. Joseph, St. Louis.—Nebraska: Beatrice, Grand Island,Omaha.—New Jersey : East Orange, Jersey City, Newark.—New York:Brooklyn, Buffalo, New Rochelle, New York City.—North Dakota : Fargo.—Ohio; Akron, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Defiance, Fremont, Lima,Ottawa, Toledo, Youngstown.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, Pittsburg.—South Carolina: Sumter.—Tennessee: Chattanooga, Knoxville, Nashville.—Texas : Dallas, San Antonio.—Wisconsin : Milwaukee.—Canada : Montreal.

EASTERN COUNCIL OF REFORM RABBISOrg., April 22, WHHm OFFICE :» 690 Eastern Parkway, New York CityMembers, 40.PURPOSE : To offer a reaffirmation of the members* faith in the permanent

character and value to Israel and to the world of Liberal or ReformJudaism.

OFFICERS : Pres., Maurice H. Harris, N. Y. C.; Vice-Pres., Joseph Silver-man, N. Y. C.; Treas., Isaac S. Moses, N. Y. C.; Sec, Nathan Krass, 690Eastern Parkway, N. Y. C.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : H. H. Ettelson, Hartford, Conn.; RudolphGrossman, N. Y. C.; David Levy, New Haven, Conn.; Leonard Levy, Pitts-burg, Pa.; Alexander Lyons, Brooklyn, N. Y.; Wm. Rosenau, Baltimore, Md.;Charles Rubensteln, Baltimore, Md.


FEDERATION OF AMERICAN ZIONISTSOrg., 1897. OFFICE : 230 Grand, New York City

Fifteenth Annual Convention, .Tune 28-July 2, 1912, Cleveland, 0.Number of Shekel-payers. 14,000.Societies, 102. Camps of Order B'nal Zion (affiliated), 64. Circles of

Young Judaea (affiliated), 113.The Federation issues leaflets, pamphlets, etc. Also The Maccabaean,

a monthly in English, and Dos Yiddishe Folk, a weekly, in Yiddish.OFFICERS : Hon. Pres., Harry Friedenwald, Baltimore, Md.; Chairman

of Executive Committee, Louis Lipsky, N. Y. C.; Treas., Michael Salit,Bklyn., N. Y.; Hon. Sec, Bernard A. Rosenblatt, N. Y. C.

ADMINISTRATIVE COMMITTEE : S. Abel, Abr. Goldberg, Louis Lipsky,all of N. Y. C.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : M. Brodsky, Jacob Fishman, .T. L. Magnes, B. G.Richards, Victor Schwarz, B. Semel, and David de Sola Pool.

ADVISORY COUNCIL : A. Alsenberg, Hartford, Conn. ; M. L. Avner,Pittsburg, Pa. ; Abr. Baylies, Rochester, N. Y. ; I. L. Borushak, St. Louis,Mo.; J. de Haas, Boston, Mass.; N. H. Ebin, Cleveland, O.; L. A. Freed,San Antonio, Tex. ; A. M. Herschman, Detroit, Mich.; C. H. Kauvar, Den-ver, Colo.; Sarah Kussy, Newark, N. J . ; Louis H. Levin, Baltimore, Md.;— Nusbaum, Phila., Pa. ; L. Smlrnow, New Britain, Conn.; S. D. Solomon,Syracuse, N. Y.

SOCIETIES : Alabama : Birmingham.—California : Los Angeles, 3, SanFrancisco.—Colorado : Denver, 2.—Connecticut: Hartford, Meriden, NewBritain, Waterbury.—District of Columbia : Washington.—Florida : Jackson-ville.—Georgia : Athens, Atlanta, Columbus.—Kentucky : Louisville, 2.—Louisiana : New Orleans.—Maine : Portland.—Maryland : Baltimore, 4.—Massachusetts : Boston, 5. Holyoke, Newburyport, Worcester, 2.—Michigan :Detroit, 2.—Minnesota : St. Paul.—Missouri : Kansas City, 2, St. Louis.—New Hampshire : Portsmouth—New Jersey : Newark, Norma, Oransre.—NewYork: Brownsville, Elmira. New York City, 8, Rochester, Schenectady,Syracuse, 2, Troy, 2.—North Dakota : Grand Forks.—Ohio : Canton, Cin-cinnati. 2, Cleveland, 2, Columbus, Dayton, Youngstown.—Pennsylvania :Greensburg, Johnstown, Philadelphia, 5, Pittsburg, 5, Washington.—RhodeIsland : Pawtucket, Providence.—South Carolina : Columbia.—Tennessee :Chattanooga.—Texas: Austin, Dallas. 2, Fort Worth, 2, Galveston, 2,Houston, 2, San Antonio, 2, Terrell, Waco.—Virginia: Berkeley, Norfolk,Portsmouth.—West Virginia : Charleston.

CONGREGATIONS : Maryland : Baltimore.—Washington : Seattle.

FEDERATION OF JEWISH FARMERS OF AMERICAOrg., Jan. 20, 1909. OFFICE : 174 Second Av., New York City

Members, 1080.Societies, 48.PURPOSE : To advance the interests of Jewish farmers.OFFICERS : Pres., S. Hein, Nassau, N. Y. ; Vice-Pres., H. Rotman, Mlllis,

Mass.; Sec, J. W. Pincus, 174 Second Av.; Treas., P. Abelson, 197 E.Broadway, both of N. Y. C.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : E. Greenblatt, Botsford, Conn.; M. Kaufman,Ellington, Conn. ; J. Konner, Pine Brook, N. J . ; R. M. Lipman, Norma, N. J.;M. Nurenberg, Malaga, N. J . ; S. Schindler, Hurleyville, N. Y.: J. Weiner,Ellenvllle, N. Y.

CONSTITUENT SOCIETIES : Connecticut: Bozrahvllle, Jewish Farmers'Assn., Sec, Nathan Gilman; Chesterfield, Ind. Hebrew Farmers' Assn.,Sec, S. Shulman ; Colchester, Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, A. .Taffe ; EastLyme, Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, Solomon Jaffe; Lebanon, Jewish Farmers'Assn., Sec, S. Lubetzky ; Newtown, Jewish Farmers' Assn. of Fairfleld Co.,

FEDERATION OP ROUMANIAN JEWS 223

Sec, B. Nalevski; North Canton, Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, Max Kavaler;North Kent, Cornwall Bridge Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, H. Marcus;Roekville, Connecticut Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, Chas. Levin; Storrs,Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, Solomon J. Sherman; Turnerville, JewishFarmers' Assn., Sec, Wm. Marcus ; Uncasville, Raymond Hill Hebrew Farm-ers' Assn., Sec, J. Derow, R. F. D. No. 1.—Massachusetts : Medway, East-ern Mass. Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, B. G. Levy ; West Otis, BerkshireCounty (Mass.) Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, J. MIshkin.—Nebraska : Mar-tindale, Cherry County Farmers' Assn., Sec, Jacob Levin.—New Jersey :Bridgeton, Rosenhayn Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, M. Plaskow, R. F. D.No. 6; Carmel, Cumberland County Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, AbrahamNarovlansky; Flemington, Jewish Farmers' Circle, Sec, Sol. Berkowitz;Sandbrook, Jamesburg, Middlesex Co. Farmers' Assn., Sec, S. Rothstein ;Lakewood, Hebrew Farmers' Assn., Sec, A. Levine, R. F. D. No. 3 ; Malaga,Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, Philip Shafran ; Middlesex, Jewish Farmers'Assn., Sec, A. M. Kuntz; Perrineville, First United Hebrew Farmers'Assn. of Hightstown, Sec, S. Grudin ; Pinebrook, Jewish Farmers' Assn.,Sec, Miss H. Konner ; Vlneland, Norma and Alliance Farmers' Assn., Sec,J. Crystal, R. F. D. No. 6; Woodbine, Cape May County Jewish Farmers'Assn., Sec, J. H. Cohen.—New York : Accord, Jewish Farmers' Assn. ofKerhonkson and Accord, Sec, A. Kazazkof; Brooklyn, New Lots Dairy-men's Assn., Sec, B. Z. M. Gordon, Wartman Av. and Essex St. ; Brainard,Hebrew Benevolent Farmers' Assn. of Rens. Co., Sec, S. Entin ; CentervilleSta., Hebrew Farmers' Assn., Sec. Max Podberesky ; Ellenville, Farmers'Assn., Sec, Morris Slutzky, Box 726: Ellenville, Hebrew Aid Society ofBriggs Street, Sec. J. Goodman, R. F. D. No. 1 ; Fallsburgh, Hebrew Farm-ers' Assn., Sec, Chas. Volpin ; Ferndale, Hebrew Farmers' Assn. of Fern-dale and Stevensville, Sec, H. Goldberg; Livingston Manor Fanners' Assn.,Sec, Wm. Laksin; Luzon, Hebrew Farmers' Assn. of Hurleyville, N. Y.,Sec, S. Schindler, Box 1 : Manlius, Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, S. Green-berg; Maplewood, Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, A. Greenberg ; MountaindaleJewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, A. Glick ; Parksville, Farmers' Assn., Sec. B.Weiner, Box 42 ; Spring Glen Hebrew Aid Society, Sec, M. Davidow, Box42; Spring Valley. Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, Jacob Abowitz.—NorthDakota : Ashley, Sulzberger Colony of Jewish Farmers, Sec, Charles Silver ;Austin, Northwestern Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec. A. Rudolph ; Bowman.Hebrew Farmers' Assn. of Burleigh Co., Sec, A. M. Levitt.—Pennsylvania :Rushland, Bucks County (Pa.) Jewish Farmers' Assn., Sec, Jacob Kahan.—Washington : Lake Bay, Jewish Farmers' Assn. of the State of Washington.Sec, B. Alt, R. R. No. 1.—Canada : La Macaza, Quebec, Jewish Farmers'Assn., Sec, Rubin Belansman.

FEDERATION OF ROUMANIAN JEWS OF AMERICAOrg., Mch. 8, 1908. OFFICE : 182 Chrystie, New York City

Fifth Annual Convention, June 1-2, 1912, New York City.Members, 40,000.Branches, 50.PURPOSE : To aid the Roumanian Jews here and in Roumania.OFFICERS : Hon. Pres.. Solomon Schechter ; Pres., P. A. Siegelstein, 220

E 12th ; Vice-Pres., J. Weiss, Chas. I. Fleck, and Herman Speier; Treas.,Meyer Sanft; Sec. Morris Grauhard, all of N. Y. C.

DIRECTORS : H. Abramowitz, Mrs. S. Berkowitz, Dr. A. J. Blaustein,Em. Bornstein. H. Braunstein, L. Braunstein, B. Carneol, H. Eiser, M.Glassberg, I. M. Glickman, S. Hechter. H. .1. Hershkowitz, A. L. Kalman,O. Karp, Dr. E. Koftler. Dr. Joseph Koffler. I. Korman, S. Kramer, Mrs. L.Kramer, S. Landes, U. Marcus, H. Markowitz, Z. Petreanu, L. Rosenberg, I.

15


Rosenthal, M. Schoenfeld, Wm. Schreiber, S. Schwartz, S. Solomonlde, A.Sussman, B. Stein, Dr. J. Steinberg, N. Vlodinger, Mrs. B. Weiss, L.Wolfson.

BRANCHES : Illinois: Chicago, Pres., J. Gartenstein, 12th and AshlandAv.—Michigan : Detroit, Sec, Sam Weinberg, 210 Elizabeth.—Ohio : Cleve-land, Chairman, O. J. Kohn, 2348 E. 28th.—Pennsylvania : Pittsburg, Sec,J. Greenfield, 1127 Centre Av.

HAI RESH FRATERNITYOrg., July, 1907. OFFICE : St. Joseph, Mo.

Fifth Annual Conclave, Dec. 25, 1911-Jan. 3, 1912, Lincoln, Neb.Members, 110.OFFICERS : Council Chief, Leon S. Schembeck, St. Joseph, Mo.; Council

Prophet, V. E. Friend, Lincoln, Neb. ; Council Regent, Jerome Reichart,Denver, Colo.; Council Scribe, H. C. Straus, 615 S. 9th, St. Joseph, Mo.;Council Governor, Hon. S. F. Westheimer, St. Joseph, Mo.

CHAPTERS : Ilm Chapter, St. Joseph, Mo.; Maj Chapter, Kansas City,Mo.; Sar Chapter, St. Louis, Mo. ; Hav Chapter, Lincoln, Neb.; A. K.Chapter, Denver, Colo.; Gan Chapter, Milwaukee, Wis.; Wen Chapter,Memphis, Tenn.; Ves Chapter, Omaha, Neb.; Jem Chapter, Fort Wayne,Ind.; Beb Chapter, St. Paul, Minn.; Fil Chapter, Pueblo, Colo.

HEBREW UNION COLLEGE(See p. 243.)

INDEPENDENT ORDER AHAWAS ISRAELOrg., 1893. OFFICE : Germania Bank Bldg., 190 Bowery, New York City

Nineteenth Annual Convention, Sept. 3-5, 1911, Philadelphia, Pa.Members, 21,000.Lodges, 161.OFFICERS : Grand Master, Louis Morris, 214 South, Phila., Pa.; First

Deputy Grand Master, Rubin Auerbach, N. Y. C. ; Second Deputy GrandMaster, Louis Solomon, Bklyn., N. Y. ; Third Deputy Grand Master, Bern-ard Bloom, Phila.. Pa. ; Fourth Deputy Orand Master, Joseph Edlowitch,Baltimore, Md.; Fifth Deputy Grand Master, Henry Gottlieb, Newark, N. J.;Grand Treas.. Moritz Gold, Bklyn., N. Y. ; Grand Sec, L. Herman, 190Bowery (Germania Bank Bldg.), N. Y. C.

LODGES : Connecticut: New Haven, Waterbury, Willimantic.—Dela-ware: Wilmington.—District of Columbia: Washington.—Maryland:Baltimore, 10.—Massachusetts : Springfield, 2.—New Jersey : Bayonne,Elizabeth, 3. Jersey City, Newark, 6, Paterson, 2. Vineland.—New York:Albany, Brooklyn, 14, Liberty, New York City, 87, Sag Harbor, L. I., Syra-cuse, TJtica, Yonkers.—Pennsylvania : Chester. Harrisburg, Lancaster,Philadelphia, 14, Pittsburg, 2, Scranton, York.—Rhode Island : Providence.

INDEPENDENT ORDER OF B'NAI B'RITH 225

INDEPENDENT ORDER OF B'NAI B'RITHprg., Nov. 1, 1843. OFFICE : 1248 Tribune BIdg., Chicago, 111.

Ninth Quinquennial Convention, Apl. 3, 1910, Washington, D. C.Members, 34,456.Lodges, 404 (in North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa).Districts, 11 (7 in the United States).Institutions founded by the Order in the United States :HEBREW ORPHANS' HOME, Atlanta, Ga. ; B'NAI B'RITH CEMETERY, Chi-

cago, 111.; FREE EMPLOYMENT BUREAU, Chicago, 111.; JEWISH WIDOWS'AND ORPHANS' HOME, New Orleans, La.; TOURO INFIRMARY, New Orleans,La.; HOME FOR AGED AND INFIEM, Yonkers, N. Y.; CLEVELAND JEWISHORPHAN ASYLUM, Cleveland, Ohio; B'NAI B'RITH FREE EMPLOYMENTBUREAU, Pittsburg, Pa.; RELIEF COMMITTEE, Hot Springs, Ark.; B'NAIB'RITH CLUB, San Francisco, Calif.; HOME FOR JEWISH ORPHANS, LOSAngeles, Calif; IMMIGRANT SCHOOLS, at Kalamazoo, Mich., and Memphis,Tenn.; SABBATH SCHOOLS, at Houghton. Mich., Trenton, N. J., Madison,Wis., and Sharon, Pa.; Orphanage in Pennsylvania now being organized.

OFFICERS : Pres., Adolf Kraus, Chicago, 111. ; First Vice-Pres., LuciusL. Solomons, San Francisco, Calif.; Second Vice-Pres., Jacob Singer,Philadelphia, Pa. ; Treas., Jacob Furth, St. Louis, Mo.; Sec, Alex B.Seelenfreund, Chicago, 111.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : Simon Wolf, Washington, D. C.; Charles Hart-man, N. Y. C.; Rabbi E. N. Calisch, Richmond, Va.; Philip Stein, Chicago,111.; Joseph Hirsh, Vicksburg, Miss.; Berthold Timendorfer, Berlin, Ger-many ; Dr. Adolphe Stern, Bucharest, Roumania; Adalbert Skall, Prague,Austria.

DISTRICTS : I. Org., 1851. Lodges, 48. Territory: Connecticut, Maine,Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont.Sec, Reginald Zunder, 1161 Madison Av., New York City.

II. Org., 1852. Lodges, 39. Territory: Colorado, Indiana, Kansas,Kentucky, Missouri, New Mexico, and Ohio. Sec, Victor Abraham, 44 St.Paul BIdg., Cincinnati, Ohio.

III. Org., . Lodges, 45. Territory : Delaware, New Jersey, Penn-sylvania, and West Virginia. Sec, Louis Sulzbacher, 421 Mills Av., Brad-dock, Pa.

IV. Org., 1863. Lodges, 24. Territory: Arizona, California, Idaho,Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. Sec, I. J.Aschheim, 149 Eddy, San Francisco, Calif.

V. Org., 1867. Lodges, 20. Territory: Georgia, Maryland, NorthCarolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and District of Columbia. Sec, RabbiGeorge Solomon, 1516 Drayton, Savannah, Ga.

VI. Org., 1868. Lodges, 46. Territory: Illinois, Iowa, Michigan,Minnesota, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Manitoba,and Ontario, Can. Sec, A. B. Seelenfreund, 1248 Tribune BIdg., Chicago, 111.

VII. Org., 1873. Lodges, 79. Territory : Alabama, Arkansas, Florida,Louisiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Texas, and Indian Territory. Sec,Nat. Strauss, 2337 Magazine, New Orleans, La.

LODGES : Alabama : Bessemer, Birmingham, Blockton, Demopolis, Eufaula,Huntsville, Mobile, Montgomery, 2, Selma, Tuscaloosa, Uniontown.—Ar-kansas : Camden, Fort Smith, Helena, Hot Springs, Little Rock, Pine Bluff.—California : Los Angeles, Marysville, Oakland, Sacramento, San Bernar-dino, San Diego, San Francisco, 10, San Jose, Stockton.—Colorado : ColoradoSprings, Cripple Creek, Denver, Pueblo, Trinidad, Victor.—Connecticut:Ansonia, Bridgeport, 2, Danbury, Hartford, Meriden, New Britain, NewHaven, Stamford, Waterbury.—Delaware: Wilmington, 2.—District ofColumbia : Washington.—Florida : Jacksonville, Pensacola.—Georgia : Al-bany, Atlanta, 2, Brunswick, Columbus, Macon, Rome, Savannah, Thomas-ville.—Idaho : Boise".—Illinois : Bloomington, Cairo, Champaign, Chicago, 6,Danville, Lincoln, Peoria, Springfield, Urbana.—Indiana: Evansville, Fort


Wayne, Indianapolis, Lafayette, Ligonler, Madison, Terre Haute, Vincennes,Wabash.—Iowa : Burlington, Council Bluffs, Davenport, Des Moines, Keokuk,Sioux City.—Kansas : Kansas City, Leavenworth, Topeka,—Kentucky : Lex-ington, Louisville, Owensboro, Paducah.—Louisiana: Alexandria, BatonRouge, Bayou Sara, Clinton, Crowley, Donaldsonville, Lake Charles, Monroe,Natchltocb.es, New Orleans, 6, Opelousas, Shreveport.—Massachusetts : Bos-ton, 3, Pittsfleld, Springfield, Worcester.—Michigan : Bay City, Calumet,Detroit, Flint, Grand Rapids, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Lansing, Saginaw.—Min-nesota : Duluth, Minneapolis, St. Paul, Virginia.—Mississippi: Canton,Clarksdale, Columbus, Greensville, Greenwood, Hattiesburg. Jackson, Laurel,Meridian, Natchez, Port Gibson, Rolling Pork, Summit, Vlcksburg.—Miss-ouri : Joplin, Kansas City. Louisiana, St. Joseph, St. Louis, 2, Sedalia,Springfield.—Montana : Butte.—Nebraska : Lincoln, Omaha, 2.—New Jer-sey : Atlantic City, Hnboken, Jersey City, Newark, 2, New Brunswick,Paterson, Trenton.—New York : Albany, 2, Amsterdam. Brooklyn, 2, Buffalo,Elmira, New York City, 21, Plattsburg, Rochester. Syracuse, Yonkers.—NewMexico : Albuquerque, Las Vegas.—North Carolina : Asheville, Goldsboro,Greensboro, Wilmington.—North Dakota : Fargo.—Ohio : Cincinnati, Cleve-land, Columbus, Dayton, Toledo, Youngstown, Zanesville.—Oklahoma : Ard-more, Oklahoma City.—Oregon : Portland, 2.—Pennsylvania : Allentown,Altoona, Braddock, Cnrry, Danville. Duquesne. Easton, Ellwood, Erie,Harrisburg, Hazleton, Homestead, Lancaster, McKeesport, Meadville, NewCastle, New Kensington, Philadelphia, 6. Pittsburg, 6. Pottsville, Scranton,Sharon, Uniontown, Washington. Wilkes-Barre.—Rhode Island : Providence.—South Carolina : Charleston, Columbia, Darlinsrton, Sumter.—Tennessee :Brownsville, Chattanooga, Jackson, Memphis. Nashville.—Texas: Austin,Brenham, Bryan, Calvert, Corsicana, Dallas. El Paso. Fort Worth, Gaines-ville, Galveston, Houston, 3, Marshall, Palestine, San Antonio, 2, Texarkana,Tyler, Victoria. Waco.—Utah : Salt Lake City.—Virginia : Norfolk, Rich-mond.—Washington : Seattle, 2, Spokane.—Wisconsin : Appleton, Eau Claire,Green Bay, Madison. Merrill, Milwaukee, 3, Racine. Wausau.—Canada:Vancouver, B. C.—Winnipeg : Manitoba, Fort William, Ontario.

* INDEPENDENT ORDER BRIS ACHIMGrand Master, Samuel Weis, New York City

INDEPENDENT ORDER BRITH ABRAHAMOrg., Feb. 7, 1887. OFFICE : 37 7th, New York City

Twenty-sixth Annual Convention, May 26-28, 1912, Rochester, N. Y.Members. 165,000.Lodges, 645.OFFICERS : Grand Master, Leon Sanders, 292 E. Broadway; First

Deputy Grand Master, Max Schwartz, 257 E. Houston, both of N. Y. C. :Second Deputy Grand Master, Julius Fridenberg, Boston, Mass. ; GrandSec, Jacob Schoen, 37 7th ; Grand Treas., W. Zimmerman, both of N. Y.C. ; Endowment Treas., Harris Lustgarten ; Counsel to the Order, AlfredB. Jaworower.

LODGES: Alabama: Birmingham.—Colorade : Denver, 2.—Connecticut:Ansonia, Hartford, 3, Meriden, New Haven, 3, Norwich, Torrington,Waterbury.—Delaware : Wilmington.—District of Columbia : Washington,2.—Georgia : Atlanta.—Illinois : Chicago. 18.—Indiana : Indiana Harbor,Indianapolis.—Iowa : Davenport.—Kentucky : Louisville.—Maine : Port-land, 4.—Maryland : Baltimore, 6.—Massachusetts : Attleboro, Boston, 36,Brockton, 2. Cambridge, 2. Chelsea, 11, Collinsville, Fall River, 5, Glouces-ter, Haverhlll, 2, Holyoke, Lawrence, 3, Lynn, 2, Maiden, 2, Melrose,New Bedford, North Adams, Northampton, Qulncy, Salem, 2, Somerville,

INDEPENDENT ORDER FREE SONS OF ISRAEL 227

Springfield, 2, Taunton, Worcester, 3.—Minnesota : Minneapolis, St. Paul,2.—Missouri: Kansas City, 2, St. Joseph, St. Louis, 8.—New Hampshire :Concord, Manchester, 2.—New Jersey : Asbury Park, Bayonne, Carmel,Carteret, Elizabeth, Jersey City, 2, Long Branch, Morristown, Newark, 7,Newburyport, Passaic, 2, Paterson, 2, Perth Amboy, Roselle, Rosenhayn,Trenton, West Orange, Woodbine.—New York : Albany, 2, Auburn, BathBeach. Binghamton, 2, Brooklyn, 29, Buffalo, Corona, L. I., Elmira, GlenPalls, Gloversville, Kingston, Long Island City, 2, New Brighton, S. I.,Newburgh, New Rochelle, New York, 167, Port Chester, 2, Poughkeepsie,Rochester, 2, Sag Harbor, L. I., Schenectady, Syracuse, 2, Troy, 2, Utica,2, Yonkers.—Ohio : Cincinnati, 3, Cleveland, 4, Columbus.—Oregon : Port-land.—Pennsylvania : Allentown, 2, Braddock, Conshohocken, Harrisburg,Homestead, Philadelphia, 34, Pittston, Pottstown, Reading, Scranton, 4,South Bethlehem, Wilkes-Barre, 2, York.—Rhode Island: Newport, Provi-dence, 9, Woonsocket.—Tennessee : Nashville.—Virginia : Newport News,Norfolk, Portsmouth.—Wisconsin : Milwaukee, 3.

INDEPENDENT ORDER BRITH SHOLOMOrg., Feb. 25, 1905. OFFICE : 512 S. 5th, Phila., Pa.

Eighth Annual Convention, June 2-4, 1912, Providence, R. I.Members, 35,513.Lodges, 269.OFFICERS : Past Grand Master, Benj. N. Berman, Phila., Pa.; Grand

Master, Solomon C. Kraus, Phila., Pa.; First Deputy Grand Master,S. R. Schultz, N. Y. C. ; Second Deputy Grand Master, A. I. Sisholtz, Newark,N. J . ; Third Deputy Grand Master, Louis M. Grant, Providence, R. I . ; GrandSecretary, Martin O. Levy; Assistant Secretary, Adolph Rosenblum; GrandTreasurer, Louis Cohen; Endowment Treasurer, Louis S. Rubinsohn;Counsellor of the Order, Joseph L. Kun, all of Phila., Pa.

LODGES : Colorado : Denver, 4.—Connecticut: Bridgeport, Derby, Hart-ford, 3, New Britain, New Haven, New London.—Delaware : Wilmington.—District of Columbia : Washington, 2.—Illinois : Chicago, 5.—Kentucky :Louisville.—Maryland : Baltimore, 12.—Missouri : St. Joseph, St. Louis, 3.—New Jersey; Atlantic City, Bridgeton, Burlington, Camden, Carteret,Elizabeth, 2, Hoboken, Jersey City, Newark, 12, Norma, Passaic, 2, Pater-son, Perth Amboy, Trenton, Vineland, Woodbine.—New York: Albany,Brooklyn, 15, Elmira, Glen Falls, Gloversville, New York City, 19, PortChester, Sag Harbor, Schenectady, Syracuse, Troy, Utica.—Ohio: Akron,Canton, Cleveland, 2, Cincinnati, Columbus, East Liverpool, Youngstown.—Pennsylvania : Allentown, Altoona, Chester, Coatesville, Easton, Greensburg,Harrisburg, Johnstown, Mahanoy City, McKeesport, Norristown, Phila-delphia, 101, Phoenixville, Pittsburg, 2, Pottstown, Pottsville, Reading,Scranton, 5, Shamokin, Shenandoah, South Bethlehem, South Sharon,Weissport, West Chester, Wilkes-Barre, 2, York.—Rhode Island : Newport,Pawtucket, Providence, 9, Woonsocket.—Utah : Salt Lake City.—Virginia :Lynchburg, Newport News, Norfolk, Richmond.—Wisconsin : Milwaukee.

INDEPENDENT ORDER FREE SONS OF ISRAELOrg., Jan. 18, 1849. OFFICE : 21 W. 124th, New York City

Ninth Quinquennial Convention, May 12, 1912, Rochester, N. Y.Members (Jan. 1, 1910), 10,125.Lodges, 90.Districts, 3.OFFICERS : Grand Master, M. S. Stern, 2013 Fifth Av.; First Deputy

Grand Master, Isaac Baer ; Second Deputy Grand Master, Henry Jacobs,all of N. Y. C.; Third Deputy Grand Master, Adolph Pike, Chicago, III.;


Grand Sec, Abraham Hafer, 21 W. 124th ; Grand Treas., Louis Franken-thaler; Chairman Committee on Endowment, Henry Lichtig; Counsel to theOrder, M. B. Blumenthal, all of N. Y. C.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : Henry B. Stern, Albany, N. Y. ; Sol. Kahn, I. A.Loeb, I. S. Lurie, M. D. Rosenbach, M. A. Weinberg, all of Chicago, 111. ; M. S.Meyerhoff, Phila., Pa. ; Benjamin Blumenthal, Arnold Gross, Bernard Hahn,Isaac Hamburger, Julius Harburger, J. I. Hartenstein, Louis Hess, J. A.Hirschman, Henry J. Hyman, Baph. Levy, Henry Lipsky, Herman Stiefel,all of N. Y. C.

DISTRICTS : I. Territory : Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, NewYork, and Rhode Island. II. Territory : Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Miss-ouri, and Wisconsin. III. Territory : U. S. Grand Lodge.

LODGES: California: San Francisco.—Connecticut: Hartford, NewHaven.—Georgia : Atlanta.—Illinois : Chicago, 10.—Kansas : Leavenworth.—Kentucky : Louisville.—Louisiana : New Orleans.—Massachusetts : Boston,2.—Michigan : Detroit.—Mississippi: Greenville, Meridian, Vicksburg.—Missouri: St. Joseph, St. Louis, 2.—New Jersey : Newark, 2.—New York :Albany, Amsterdam, Brooklyn, 4, Buffalo, New York City, 37, Rochester,Rondout, Schenectady, Syracuse, Troy.—Ohio: Cincinnati, 2, Cleveland, 2.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, Pittsburg.—Rhode Island : Providence.—-Ten-nessee : Memphis, Nashville.—Texas : Dallas.—'Virginia : Norfolk.—Wis-consin : Milwaukee, 2.

INDE P E NDE NT ORDER F R E E SONS OF JUDAHOrg., Feb. 12, 1890. OFFICE : 78 Second Av., New York City

Twenty-second Annual Convention, Apl. 21, 1912, New York City.Members, 22,000.Lodges, 200.OFFICERS : Grand Master, Sam Goldstein, 161 E. 72d, N. Y. C. ; First

Deputy Grand Master, Adolph Wiener, N. Y. C.; Second Deputy GrandMaster, Jacob Weissman, Stamford, Conn. ; Grand Sec, Sigmund Fodor,78 2d Av., N. Y. C.; Grand Treas., Chas. Baruch, N. Y. C. ; EndowmentTreas., Alex. Wohgemuth.

LODGES : Connecticut: Hartford, 2, New Haven, Stamford.—Districtof Columbia : Washington.—Maryland : Baltimore, 3.—New Jersey : Bay-onne, Jersey City, Newark, 2.—New York: Brooklyn, 8, Buffalo, 2,Gloversville, Haverstraw, Newburgh, New York City, 75, Rochester,Schenectady, Tarrytown.—Pennsylvania : McKeesport, 2, Philadelphia, 6,Pittsburg, Scranton.

INDEPENDENT ORDER SONS OF BENJAMINOrg., Dec. 23, 1877. OFFICE : 953 Third Av., New York City

Twenty-first Annual Convention, Mch. 17-19, 1912, New York City.Members, 10,531.Lodges, 123.OFFICERS : Grand Master, Richard Cohn, N. Y. C.; First Deputy Grand

Master, Hugo Guttmann, N. Y. C. ; Second Deputy Grand Master, JacobHyman, Boston, Mass. ; Third Deputy Grand Master, Morris Cohn, Bklyn.,N. Y. ; Grand Secretary, Louis B. Franklin, N. Y. C. ; Grand Treasurer,Peter Munter, N. Y. C. ; Chairman on Finance, Adolph Salomon, Bklyn.,N. Y. ; Chairman on Mortuary Fund, Julius Gumpert, N. Y. C. ; Chairman onState of Order, S. .1. Steinhardt, N. Y. C. ; Chairman on Appeals, JacobFetbraudt, N. Y. C. ; Chairman on Laws, J. Nagel, N. Y. C. ; Chairman onMutual Guaranty Fund, Samuel Lederman, Bklyn., N. Y., Counsel to theOrder, Bernard Alexander, N. Y. C.

INDEPENDENT WESTERN STAR ORDER 229

LODGES : California : San Francisco.—Colorado : Denver.—Connecti-cut : Hartford, New Haven.—District of Columbia : Washington.—Illinois :Chicago, 5.—Indiana : Indianapolis.—Maine : Bangor.—Maryland : Balti-more, 2.—Massachusetts : Boston, 6, Fall River, Worcester.—Michigan :Detroit.—Minnesota : St. Paul.—Missouri: Kansas City, 3, St. Louis, 2.—New Jersey: Hoboken, Newark.—New York : Albany, Brooklyn, 7, NewYork City, 60, Rochester, Syracuse.—Ohio : Cleveland, 6, Toledo.—Penn-sylvania : Bradford.—Rhode Island : Newport.—Wisconsin : Milwaukee.—Canada : Montreal, 3.

INDEPENDENT ORDER OF TRUE SISTERS(UNABHANGIGER ORDEN TREUE SCHWESTERN)

Org., Apl. 21, 1846. OFFICE : 238 W. 131st, New York CityOne Hundred and Twenty-first Semi-Annual, or 62d Annual, Session of

the Grand Lodge, May 28, 1912, New York City.Members, 4211.Lodges, 18.Publishes a monthly, Ordens Echo. Editor, Bianca B. Robitscher.OFFICERS (for May. 1912 to May, 1913) : Grand Monitress, Mrs. Frieda

Bloch ; Grand Pres., Mrs. Rose Baran ; Grand Vice-Pres., Mrs. Hulda Liss-ner; Grand Sec, Mrs. Bianca B. Robitscher ; Grand Treas., Mrs. Rosalie A.Eisner; Grand Mentor, Mrs. Flora Fischlowitz; Grand Warden, MarionNorthshield.

LODGES : Connecticut: New Haven.—Illinois : Chicago, 2.—Massachu-setts : Boston.—Missouri: St. Louis.—New Jersey : Newark.—New York :Albany, Brooklyn, New York City, 7.—Ohio : Cincinnati.—Pennsylvania :Philadelphia.

INDEPENDENT ORDER OF UNITED HEBREWSOrg., Sept. 9, 1904. OFFICE : 17 W. Dedbam, Boston, Mass.

Eighth Annual Convention, June 2, 1912, Boston, Mass.Members, 436T.Lodges, 47.OFFICERS : Grand Master, Max Waldo Cohen ; First Deputy Grand Mas-

ter, Harry Cohen ; Second Deputy Grand Master, Louis Harrison ; GrandTreasurer, Abraham J. Bennett; Grand Secretary, Louis Davis, 17 WDedham ; Grand Guide, Nathan Rosenberg ; Grand Inner Watch, Louis GoldGrand Outer Watch, Jacob Gluck ; Chairman on Finance, Harry GoldmanChairman on Laws, Barnett White ; Chairman on Printing, Abr. CohenChairman on State of the Order, Morris Loitman ; Chairman on Appeals,John S. Albert; Chairman on Charity, Louis Taylor; Chairman on Rituals,Maurice Samet, all of Boston, Mass.

INDEPENDENT WESTERN STAR ORDEROrg., Feb. 13, 1894. OFFICE : 1127 Blue Island Av., Chicago, 111.

Sixteenth Annual Convention, Aug. 7-9, 1910, Cleveland, O.Members (Jan. 1, 1912), 16,365.Lodges, 144.OFFICERS : Grand Master, N. T. Brenner. 21st and Sangamqn, Chicago,

III.; Vice-Grand Master, Eugene Weinberger, Cleveland, O.; First DeputyGrand Master, Sam Cohen, Toledo, O.; Second Deputy Grand Master,M. A. Rabinowitz, Indianapolis, Ind. : Grand Secretary, I. Shapiro, 1127Blue Island Av.; Grand Endowment Treas., A. R. Fifer; Grand GeneralFund Treas., D. Arkin, all of Chicago, 111.


LODGES : California : Los Angeles, 2.—Connecticut: Bridgeport, NewHaven, Stamford.—Illinois : Chicago, 30, Chicago Heights, Joliet, Peoria, 2,S. Chicago, 2, Waukegan.—Indiana : E. Chicago, Evansville, Gary, Indian-apolis, South Bend.—Kentucky : Louisville.—Michigan : Benton Harbor,Detroit, 3, Grand Rapids, Kalamazoo.—Minnesota : St. Paul, 2.—Missouri:St. Louis, 7.—Nebraska : Lincoln.—New Jersey : Newark, Paterson.—NewYork : Brooklyn, 4, New York City, 10, Troy.—Ohio : Bellaire, Canton, Cin-cinnati, Cleveland, 2, Columbus, Dayton, Steubenville, Toledo, 2, Youngs-town.—Pennsylvania : Allentown, Altoona, Bradford, Hazleton, Johnstown,McKees Rocks, McKeesport, Philadelphia, 19, Pittsburg, 5, Punxsutawney,Lancaster, Scranton, 3. Sharon, Turtle' Creek, Uniontown.—Rhode Island :Providence, 4.—Virginia : Norfolk, Portsmouth.—Wisconsin : Kenosha, Mil-waukee, 3, Oshkosh, Sheboygan.—Canada : Calgary, Alta.

INDUSTRIAL REMOVAL OFFICE

Org., 1900. OFFICE : 174 Second Av., New York CityOFFICERS AND BOARD OF DIRECTORS : Chairman, Reuben Arkush ; Vice-

Chairman, Alfred Jaretzki; Secretary, Nathan Bijur ; Eugene S. Benjamin,N. Y. C.; Jacob Furth, St. Louis, Mo.; Max Senior, Cincinnati, O.; LuciusL. Solomons, San Francisco, Calif.; Cyrus L. Sulzberger, N. Y. C.

GENERAL MANAGER : David M. Bressler; ASST. MANAGER : Philip L.Seman.

AGENCIES : Alabama: Bessemer, Birmingham, Demopolis, Mobile,Montgomery, Selnia.—Arizona : Phoenix, Prescott, Tucson.—Arkansas :Forest City, Fort Smith, Hot Springs, Little Rock, Pine Bluff, Tex-arkana.—California : Los Angeles, Oakland, Sacramento, San Bernardino,San Francisco.—Colorado : Boulder, Colorado Springs, Cripple Creek, Den-ver, Greeley, Pueblo, Rocky Ford, Salida, Trinidad.—Connecticut: Bridge-port, Hartford, New Britain, New Haven.—Delaware : Wilmington.—Dis-trict of Columbia : Washington.—Florida : Jacksonville, Key West, Pensa-cola, Tampa, Ybor City.—Georgia : Atlanta, Augusta, Brunswick, Colum-bus, Macon, Savannah.—Idaho : Boise\—Illinois : Aurora, Belleville, Bloom-ington, Cairo, Chicago, Danville, Dec.itur, Elgin, Mount Vernon, Peoria,Quincy, Rockford, Rock Island, Springfield, Streator, Waukegan.—Indiana :Anderson, Bluffton, Evansville, Fort Wayne, Indianapolis, Lafayette,Logansport, South Bend, Terre Haute.—Iowa : Burlington, Cedar Rapids,Centerville, Council Bluffs, Davenport, Des Moines, Dubuque, Keokuk,Mason City, Museatiue, Oskaloosa, Ottumwa, Sioux City. Waterloo.—Kansas : Fort Scott, Lawrence, Leavenworth, Pittsburg, Topeka, Wichita.—Kentucky : Ashland, Louisville, Paducah.—Louisiana : Alexandria, BatonRouge, Lake Charles, Monroe, New Orleans. Shreveport.—Maine: Port-land.—Maryland : Baltimore.—Massachusetts : Boston, Fall River, Worces-ter.—Michigan: Detroit, Flint, Grand Rapids, Iron Mountain, Jackson,Kalamazoo.-—Minnesota : Duluth, Minneapolis, St. Paul, Winona.—Missis-sippi : Meridian, Natchez, Vlcksburg.—Missouri: Carrollton, Hannibal,Joplin, Kansas City, Lexington. Springfield, St. Joseph, St. Louis.—Montana: Butte, Helena.—Nebraska: Grand Island, Hastings, Lincoln,Omaha.—New Jersey : Carmel.—New York : Albany, Buffalo, Elmira,Rochester, Syracuse.—North Carolina : Charlotte.—North Dakota : Fargo,Grand Forks.—Ohio: Akron, Alliance, Ashland, Ashtabula, Bellaire, Bucy-rus. Canton. Cincinnati, Cleveland, Columbus, Conneaut, Dayton, EastLiverpool, Elyria, Fremont, Galion, Hamilton. Lima, Loraln, Mansfield,Marietta, Marion. Newark, Portsmouth, Sandusky, Springfield, Toledo,Youngstown, Zanesville.—Oklahoma : Oklahoma City.—Oregon : Port-land.—Pennsylvania: Allentown. Altoona, Braddock, Erie, Harrlsburg,Lancaster, Philadelphia. Pittshurg. Pottstown. Reading, Scrnntnn, Warren,WIlkes-Barre, Williamsnort.—Rhode Island : Providence.—South Carolina :Charleston.—South Dakota : Sionx Falls.—Tennessee : Chattanooga, Knox-vllle, Memphis, Nashville.—Texas r Austin, Beaumont, Dallas, El Paso,

JEWISH AGRICULTURISTS' AID SOCIETY 231

Port Worth, Galveston, Houston, San Antonio, Tyler, Waco.—Utah : SaltLake City.—Virginia: Lynchburg, Newport News, Norfolk, Richmond.—Washington: Seattle, Spokane, Tacoma.—West Virginia: Charleston,Huntlngton, Wheeling.—Wisconsin : Janesville, La Crosse, Madison, Mil-waukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Superior.—Wyoming: Ch.eyenne.

JEWISH AGRICULTURAL AND COLONIAL ASSOCIATIONOrg., Jan. 16, 1910. OFFICE : Clarion via Gunnlson, Utah

Members, 200.Branches, 2.Purpose : Settling on farms and mutual aid.OFFICERS : Pres., B. Brown ; Vice-Pres., B. Silverman ; Sec, B. Horowitz,

Utah.BRANCHES : Br. " A," 1736 Aberdeen, Phila., Pa., Br. Sec, S. Grishkan ;

Br. " B," 1326 Washington Av., N. Y. C, Br. Sec, A. Sheln.

JEWISH AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONOrg., Mch. 20, 1910. OFFICE : 356 Second Av., New York City

OFFICERS : Pres., Julius Rosenwald, Chicago, 111.; Vlce-Pres., MorrisLoeb; Treas., Henry Goldman; Sec, Henrietta Szold, 528 W. 123d, all ofN. Y. C.

DIRECTORS : Cyrus Adler, Samuel S. Fels, both of Phila., Pa.; HenryGoldman, N. Y. C. ; Morris Loeb, N. Y. C.; Julian W. Mack, Chicago, 111. ;Louis Marshall, N. Y. C.; Julius Rosenwald, Chicago, 111.; Oscar S. Straus,N. Y. C.

MANAGING DIRECTOR : Aaron Aaronsohn, Haifa, Palestine.

JEWISH AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL AID SOCIETYOrg., Jan. 23, 1900. OFFICE : 174 Second Av., New York City

OFFICERS : Pres., Alfred Jaretzki; Vice-Pres., Percy S. Straus ; Treas.,Eugene Meyer, Jr. ; Sec. Solomon G. Rosenbaum, all of N. Y. C.

DIRECTORS : The Officers, and Eugene S. Benjamin, Solomon G. Rosen-baum, and Cyrus L. Sulzberger, all of N. Y. C.

GENERAL MANAGER : Leonard G. Robinson ; ASST. MANAGER : GabrielDavidson.

JEWISH AGRICULTURISTS' AID SOCIETY OF AMERICAOrg., Oct. 28, 1888 ; inc., Jan. 24, 1900. OFFICE : 507 S. Marshfield Av.,

Chicago, 111.Ninth Annual Meeting, Feb. 2, 1909.Summary of work during 1909: 7 families, comprising 33 persons,

placed on farms.Jewish farmers settled since the Society began operations, 433.OFFICERS : Pres., Morris Weil; Vice-Pres., Maurice W. Kozminski;

Treas., Edward Rose; Sec, Hugo Pam, The Rookery; Cor. Sec, A. R.Levy, 213 E. 48th, all of Chicago, 111.


DIRECTORS : Israel Cowen, Emil G. Hirsch, Jacob L. Kesner, MauriceW. Kozminski, A. R. Levy, Leo A. Loeb, Hugo Pam, David M. Pfaelzer,J. Rappaport, Edward Rose, Julius Rosenwald, Emanuel P. Selz, LeoStraus, Simeon Straus, Morris Weil, all of Chicago, 111.

GENERAL MANAGER : Nathan D. Kaplan, 1105 Ashland Blk., Chicago,111.

JEWISH CHAUTAUQUA SOCIETY

Org., Apl. 29, 1893. OFFICE : 643 Drexel Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa.

Fifteenth Annual Summer Assembly, July 7-13, 1911, Milwaukee, Wis.Members, 3000.OFFICERS : Chancellor, Henry Berkowitz, 1823 North 33d, Phila., Pa.;

Pres., Israel Cowen, Chicago, 111. ; Vice-Pres., Perry Prankel, Phila., Pa. ;Treas., Frank Newburger, Phila., Pa. ; Sec. and Director, Charles EdwinFox, 988 Drexel Bldg., Phila., Pa. ; Field Sec, Jeannette Miriam Goldberg,Jefferson, Tex.

BOARD OF TRUSTEES : William B. Hackenburg, George W. Ochs, JacobGimbel, Emil Selig, Isaac Hassler, Louis Gerstley, Perry Frankel, AlfredM. Klein, Samuel Grabfelder, Miss Corinne B. Arnold, Mrs. Joseph H.Rubin, Mrs. Fannie Muhr, Mrs. Charles Heidelberger, Mrs. H. Berkowitz,all of Phila., Pa.; Jacob H. Schiff and Alfred H. Newburger, both of N.Y. C.; Tobias Schanfarber, Chicago, 111.; Abram Simon, Washington,D. C.; Jacob Klein, Bridgeport, Conn.; Emil Mayer, St. Louis, Mo.;Frederick Lazarus, Columbus, O.; Frederick Ullman, Buffalo, N. Y.; Hon.Simon Wolf, Washington, D. C.

EDUCATIONAL COUNCIL : Max Herzberg, D. W. Amram, Julius H. Green-stone, Lewis W. Steinbach, Miss Ella Jacobs, Joseph Krauskopf, all ofPhila., Pa. ; Charles S. Bernheimer, Maurice II. Harris, Richard Gottheil,Lee K. Frankel, Morris Loeb, Solomon Schechter. Barnett A. Elzas, ailof N. Y. C. ; Gerson B. Levi, Emil G. Hirsch, Joseph Stolz, A. B. Yudelson,all of Chicago, III. ; Harry Levi, Wheeling, W. Va. ; Kaufmann Kohler,Cincinnati, O. ; William S. Friedman, Denver, Colo.; Henry Fisher, At-lantic City, N. J. ; Nathan Stern, Providence, R. I.

CIRCLES : Alabama : Demopolis, Eufaula, Mobile, Selma, Tuscaloosa.—Connecticut: Bridgeport.—Florida : Jacksonville, Tampa.—Georgia : Al-bany, Atlanta, Brunswick, Savannah, West Point.—Illinois : Bloomington,Champaign, Danville.-—Indiana : Columbia City, Fort Wayne, Goshen, In-dianapolis, Ligonier, Marlon, Mount Vernon, Terre Haute.—Kentucky:Henderson, Paducah.—Louisiana : Donaldsonville, Lafayette, Natchitoches,New Orleans, Northern City, Shreveport.—Maryland : Baltimore.—Massa-chusetts : Worcester, 2.—Michigan: Grand Rapids, Jackson, Kalamazoo,Lansing, Petoskey, Saginaw.—Minnesota : Duluth, Minneapolis.—Missis-sippi : Canton, Columbus, Greenville, Greenwood, Lexington, Natchez,Vicksburg.—Missouri: Carthage, Columbia, Joplin, Louisiana, St. Louis.—New Jersey : Newark, 2, Passaic.—New York : Brooklyn, 2, Buffalo, NewYork, Niagara Falls, Schenectady, Troy.—North Carolina: Ashevllle,Charlotte, Goldsboro, Statesville, Wilmington.—Ohio : Bucyrus, Cincinnati,Cleveland, 3, Columbus, Dayton, Mansfield, Marion, Sandusky, Youngs-town.—Oklahoma : Oklahoma City.—Pennsylvania : Coatesvllle, Erie,Germantown, Philadelphia, 4, Reading, 2, Scranton, Williamsport.—SouthCarolina : Charleston.—Tennessee : Chattanooga, Columbia, Nashville, 3.—Texas : El Paso, Mineola, Waco.—Washington : Seattle.—West Virginia :Wheeling.—Wisconsin : Appleton, Eau Claire, Green Bay, Madison, Mil-waukee.—Canada : Hamilton, Ont., Toronto, 2.

JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OF AMERICA 233

JEWISH CONSUMPTIVES' RELIEF SOCIETYOrg., Jan. 2, 1904; inc., June 25, 1904. OFFICE : 412-415 Wyoming

Bldg., Denver, Colo.Seventh Annual Meeting, April 16, 1911, Denver, Colo.Members, 20,000. Income 1911, $83,192.46. Capacity, 120 beds.Publishes The Sanatorium.OFFICERS : Pres., Philip Hillkowitz, 302 Metropolitan Bldg.; Vice-Pres.,

0. M. Shere; Treas., S. L. Bresler; Sec, C. D. Spivak, 412-415 WyomingBldg., all of Denver, Colo.

TRUSTEES : Sol. Bloomgarden, S. L. Bresler, S. F. Disraelly, Bdw. S.Goalstone, Ed. Grimes, David Gross, Philip Hillkowitz, Isidore Hurwitz, A.Judelowitz, C. H. Kauvar, Goodman Levin, Mrs. Louis Levy, Louis Rob-inson, I. Rude, Louis Schapiro, D. B. Simon. O. M. Shere, C. D. Spivak,Louis M. Weiner, Adolph Zederbaum, all of Denver, Colo.; Mrs. L. Bloch,N. T. C, representing New York Ladies' Auxiliary; Mrs. HarryCrown. St. Louis, representing St. Louis Ladies' Auxiliary; Mrs. I. Kol-insky, Denver, representing Denver Ladies' Auxiliary; Samuel Dorf, N.Y. C, representing Order Brith Abraham ; and Leon Sanders, N. Y. C,representing Independent Order Brith Abraham.

AUXILIARY SOCIETIES : Colorado: Denver.—Connecticut: Hartford,Waterbury.—Georgia : Savannah.—Illinois : Chicago.—Massachusetts :Holyoke. Springfield.—-Missouri: Kansas City, St. Joseph, St. Louis.—NewYork : New York City.—Ohio : Cincinnati.

Has support of Federated Charities in : Georgia : Atlanta.—Illinois :Chicago.—Indiana : Indianapolis.—Iowa : Des Moines.—Kentucky : Louis-ville.—Michigan : Detroit.—Minnesota : Minneapolis.—Missouri: KansasCity.—New Jersey : Perth Amboy.—Ohio : Dayton, Toledo.—Pennsylvania :Plttsburg.—Tennessee : Memphis, Nashville.—Wisconsin : Milwaukee.

JEWISH NATIONAL LABOR ALLIANCE OF AMERICA(YIDDISH NATIONAL ARBEITER VERBAND)

Org., June 16, 1910. OFFICE : 165 East Broadway, New York CityMembers, 3000.Branches, 100.Purpose : Fraternal order.OFFICERS : Chairman, George Avrunin, 165 E. Bway., N. Y. C. ; Treas.,

N. Chermony, 340 Williams Av., Bklyn., N. Y.; Sec, Meyer L. Brown, 940 E.180 St., N. Y. C.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : George Avrunin, Jacob Wexler, both of N. Y. C.;I. Appelbaum, N. Chermony, R. Platrot, all of Bklyn., N. Y.

BRANCHES: Connecticut; New Britain, New Haven, Waterbury.—Illi-nois: Chicago.—Maryland: Baltimore.—Massachusetts: Boston. Brockton,Lynn, Maiden.—Michigan : Detroit.—Minnesota : Minneapolis. St. Paul.—Missouri: Kansas City, St. Louis.—Nebraska : Omaha.-—'New Jersey :Newark, Paterson.—New York: Albany, Brooklyn, Buffalo, New York,Rochester.—Ohio: Canton, Cincinnati, Cleveland. Columbus, Dayton, Toledo.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, Pittsburg.—Rhode Island : Providence.—Virginia : Richmond.—Wisconsin : Milwaukee.—Canada : Hamilton, Lach-mine, Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg.

JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OF AMERICAOrg., June 3, 1888. OFFICE : 608 Chestnut, Philadelphia, Pa.

For the Report of the Twenty-fourth Year of The Jewish PublicationSociety of America, see p. 315 et seq.


JEWISH SOCIALIST-TERRITORIALIST LABOR PARTYOF AMERICA

Org., Feb. 3, 1906. OFFICE : 66 Delancey, New York CityFourth Convention, Oct., 1911, Philadelphia, Pa.Members, 3000.Branches (of 25 members or more), 36; Groups (of less than 25 mem-

bers), 18.CENTRAL COMSIITTEE: R. Awerbach, Mrs. Ch. Cohen, J. Cornay, J.

Globus, A. Glanz, J. Lieberman, J. Sacoder, and S. Sternfeld, all of N. Y. C.;S. Rosenfeld, Toronto, Ont., Canada.

SECKETARY : J. Cornay, 66 Delancey, N. Y. C.BRANCHES AND GROUPS : California: Los Angeles, San Francisco.—

Colorado : Denver.—Connecticut: Bridgeport, Hartford, New Haven, Water-bury.—Illinois : Chicago, 2.-—Iowa : Sioux City.—Louisiana : New Orleans.—Maryland : Baltimore.—Massachusetts : Boston, Chelsea, Lynn, Maiden,New Bedford, Springfield, Worcester.—Michigan : Detroit.—Minnesota:Minneapolis.—Missouri: Kansas City, St. Louis.—Nebraska : Lincoln,Omaha.—New Jersey : Newark, Paterson, Trenton.—New York : Buffalo,Gloversville, New York City, 12, Rochester, Schenectady. Syracuse.—-Ohio:Akron, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Toledo.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, Pitts-burg.—Texas : Dallas, Galveston.—Wisconsin : Milwaukee.—Canada : Al-berta, Calgary, Hamilton, London, Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg.

JEWISH THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY OF AMERICAOrg., 1886. OFFICE : 531 W. 123d, New York City

Thirteenth Biennial Meeting, Mch. 24, 1912.Nineteenth Commencement, June 2, 1912.Graduates, Rabbinical Course, in 1912, 7.Whole number of graduates, Rabbinical Course, 69.Whole number of graduates, Teachers' Course, 38.OFFICERS : Pres., Solomon Schechter; Chairman Board of Directors,

Louis Marshall; Hon. Sec, Irving Lehman ; Treas., Daniel Guggenheim, allof N. Y. C.

DIRECTORS : (for life) Daniel Guggenheim, Adolpb Lewisohn, LouisMarshall, Jacob H. Schiff, Felix M. Warburg, all of N. Y. C.; Philip S.Henry, Ashevllle, N. C. ; Cyrus Adler, Phila., Pa. ; Mayer Sulzberger, Phila.,Pa. ; Simon Guggenheim, Washington, D. C.; (term expiring 1915) Sam-uel Greenbaum, Irvine Lehman, Morris Loeb, Simon M. Roeder, Sol. M.Stroock, all of N. Y. C.; William Gerstley, Phila., Pa., and Harry Frieden-wald, Baltimore, Md.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : Chairman, Louis Marshall: Cyrus Adler,Daniel Guggenheim, Simon M. Roeder, Jacob H. Schiff, Mayer Sulzberger.

FACULTY : Pres.. and Professor of Jewish Theology, Solomon Schechter,M. A., Litt. D. (Cantab, and Harvard) ; Sabato Morals Professor of BiblicalLiterature and Exegesis, Israel Frledlaender, Ph.D. (Strasburg) ; Professorof Talmud, Louis Ginzberg, Ph. D. (Heidelberg) ; Professor of History,Alexander Marx, Ph. D. (Konigsberg) ; Professor of Homiletics, MordecaiM. Kaplan, M. A. (Columbia) ; Instructor in the Talmud, Joshua A.Joffe'; Associate Professor of Medifeval Hebrew Literature, Israel Davidson,Ph. D. (Columbia) ; Professor of English Literature and Rhetoric, JosephJacobs, B. A. (Cantab.), Litt. D. (Pennsylvania) ; Hazan and Instructor inHazanut, Rev. Simon Jacobson; Instructor in Public Speaking, GrenvilleKlelser.

LIBRARY STAFF : Librarian, Alexander Marx ; Cataloguer, Israel Shapira;Assistant in Library, Philip Abrahams.

REGISTRAR : Joseph Jacobs.SECRETARY : Joseph B. Abrahams.

NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF JEWISH CHARITIES 235

BRANCHES : Colorado : Denver.—Kentucky : Louisville.—Maryland :Baltimore.—Michigan : Detroit.—New Jersey : Newark.—New York : NewYork City.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia.—Canada : Montreal.

TEACHKRS' INSTITUTE, 132 E. 111th. Principal, Mordecai M. Kaplan,188 E. 92d. Instructors : Israel Friedlaender, History ; Elias L. Solomon,Hebrew; Assistant Instructor: Hyman Goldtn. Special Committee:Samuel Greenbaum, Chairman ; Harry Fischel, Mordecai M. Kaplan, IrvingLehman, J. L. Magnes, Solomon Schechter, and Felix M. Warburg.

ALUMNI ASSOCIATION OF THE JEWISH THEOLOGICALSEMINARY OF AMERICA

Twelfth Annual Meeting, June 25-26, 1012, Tannersville, N. Y.OFFICERS : Pres., Jacob Kohn, 20 W. 107th ; Vlce-Pres., M. M. Kaplan ;

Rec. Sec, Elias L. Solomon ; Cor. Sec, Nathan Wolf, 65 W. 11th, all ofN. Y. C. ; Treas., S. Z. Prokesch, Hawthorne, N. Y.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE: Alexander Basel, N. Y. C.; Julius H. Green-stone, Phila., Pa. ; Chas. I. Hoffman, Newark, N. J . ; Chas. H. Kauvar,Denver, Colo. ; Max D. Klein, Phila., Pa. ; Herman H. Rubenovitz, Boston,Mass.

JUDAIC UNIONOrg., May 31, 1880. OFFICE : 5341 Knox, Philadelphia, Pa.

Thirty-second Annual Convention, Feb. 12, 1912, Philadelphia, Pa.Members, 945.lodges, 6.OFFICERS : Grand Master, Harry Cohen, 424 Walnut, Phila., Pa.; Vice-

Grand Master, Mark Grunebaum ; Grand Sec, S. J. Marx, 5241 Knox, Phila.,Pa.; Grand Treas., Sam'l Stern.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : The Officers, and Arthur Cohen, Isaac Sadler,Wm. S. Samuels, Louis Sulka, Alex. Van Stratten.

LODGES : Maryland : Baltimore.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, 5.

NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF JEWISH CHARITIES IN THEUNITED STATES

Org., 1899. OFFICE: 411 W. Fayette, Baltimore, Md.Seventh Biennial Convention, June 9-12, 1912, Cleveland, 0.Members, 117 societies.OFFICERS : Pres., Cyrus L. Sulzberger, N. Y. C.; Vice-Pres., Chas. Eise-

man, Cleveland, O. ; Aaron Cohen, Plttsburg, Pa. ; Morris D. Waldman,N. Y. C.; Sec, Louis H. Levin, 411 W. Fayette, Baltimore, Md.; Treas.,Bernard Greensfelder, St. Louis, Mo.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : Nathan Bljur, N. Y. C.; Jacob Blllikopf, KansasCity, Mo. ; Fred M. Bntzel, Detroit, Mich. ; George L. Fox, Fort Worth,Tex.; Lee K. Frankel, N. Y. C.; Max Herzberg, Phila., Pa.; Jacob H. Hol-lander, Baltimore, Md.; Mrs. Belle Lindner Israels, N. Y. C.; Julian W.Mack, Chicago, 111.; Julius Rosenwald, Chicago, 111.; Max Senior, Cin-cinnati, O.

CONSTITUENT SOCIETIES : Alabama : Birmingham, United Hebrew Chari-ties ; Mobile, United Hebrew Charities; Montgomery, United Hebrew Chari-ties.—Arkansas : H^t Swings, Hot Springs Relief Society ; Little Rock,Federation of Jewish Charities; Pine Bluff, Hebrew Relief Association.—


California : Los Angeles, Hebrew Benevolent Society ; San Francisco, Boardof Relief; Stockton, Ladies Hebrew Benevolent Society.—Colorado: Colo-rado Springs, Hebrew Benevolent Society ; Denver, Jewish ConsumptivesRelief Society, Jewish Relief Society, National Consumptives Hospital.—Connecticut: New Haven, Hebrew Benevolent Society.—Delaware: Wil-mington, Hebrew Charity Association.—District of Columbia : Washington,United Hebrew Charities.—Florida: Pensacola, Congregation Beth El.—Georgia: Atlanta, Federation of Jewish Charities, Hebrew Orphans' Home,Monteflore Relief Association ; Savannah, Ladies Hebrew Benevolent So-city.—Illinois : Chicago, Associated Jewish Charities, Bureau of PersonalService, Chicago Women's Aid, Chicago Women's Loan Assn., Jewish AidSociety, Jewish Consumptive Relief Society ; Peoria, Hebrew Relief Asso-ciation.—Indiana : Evansville, Hebrew Benevolent Society ; Indianapolis,The Jewish Federation ; South Bend, Temple Beth El.—Iowa : Des Moines,Federated Jewish Charities : Sioux City, Jewish Ladies' Aid Society, UnitedHebrew Charity Association.—Kentucky : Louisville, Congregation AdathIsrael, Federation of Jewish Charities ; Paducah, Congregation TempleIsrael.—Louisiana : New Orleans, Association Relief of Jewish Widows andOrphans, Touro Infirmary and Hpbrew Benevolent Association ; Shreveport,Jewish Relief Society.—Maryland : Baltimore, Federated Jewish Charities,Hebrew Benevolent Society, United Jewish Charities.—Massachusetts : Bos-ton, Hebrew Women's Sewing Society, Section Council Jewish Women,United Hebrew Benevolent Society, Dorchester Centre, Leopold Morse Homeand Orphanage.—Michigan : Detroit, Ladies Society for Support of Widowsand Orphans, United Jewish Charities; Kalamazoo, Congregation B'naiIsrael.—Minnesota : Duluth, Temple Aid Society ; Minneapolis, AssociatedJewish Charities; St. Paul, Jewish Charities, Jewish Relief Society.—Mississippi: Meridian, Meridian Jewish Orphans' Home and BenevolentAssociation; Vicksburg, Associated Jewish Charities, Ladies' HebrewBenevolent Society.—Missouri: Kansas City, Hachnosas Orchim, UnitedJewish Charities; St. Joseph, Jewish Ladies' Benevolent Society ; St. Louis,Jewish Charitable and Educational Union.—Nebraska: Lincoln, JewishLadies' Aid Society ; Omaha, Associated Jewish Charities.—New Jersey :Newark, Hebrew Orphan Asylum and Benevolent Society.—New York:Albany, Hebrew Benevolent Society, Jewish Home Society ; Brooklyn, Fed-eration of Jewish Charities ; Buffalo, Federated Jewish Charities, HebrewBenevolent Loan Association; New York City, Baron De Hirsch Fund,Council Jewish Women, Free Synagogue, Hebrew Free Loan Association,Hebrew Orphan Asylum, Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society,Industrial Removal Office, Jewish Protectory, Ladles Fuel and Aid Society,Montefiore Home, United Hebrew Charities, Young Men's Hebrew Associa-tion ; Niagara Falls, Ladies Hebrew Benevolent Society; Rochester, JewishOrphan Asylum Association of Western New York, United Jewish Charities;Syracuse, United Jewish Charities.—Ohio : Cincinnati, United Jewish Chari-ties ; Cleveland, Educational League, Federation of Jewish Charities, JewishOrphan Asylum ; Columbus, Jewish Charities ; Dayton, Hebrew LadiesRelief Society ; Portsmouth, Ladies' Aid Society ; Toledo, Hebrew Ladies'Benevolent Society; Youngstown, Federated Jewish Charities.—Oregon:Portland, First Hebrew Benevolent Association, Jewish Women's BenevolentSociety.—Pennsylvania : Braddock, Braddock Lodge, No. 516, I. O. B. B.;Lancaster, United Hebrew Charities Association; Philadelphia, Federa-tion of Jewish Charities, Jewish Foster Home and Orphan Asylum, JewishHospital, Orphans' Guardians, United Hebrew Charities, Young Women'sUnion ; Pittsburg, Council Jewish Women, United Hebrew Relief Associa-tion ; Scranton, Jewish Ladies' Relief Society ; Wilkes-Barre, Ladles Auxil-iary, Young Men's Hebrew Association.—South Carolina : Charleston, He-brew Benevolent Society.—Tennessee: Memphis. United Hebrew ReliefAssociation ; Nashville. Hebrew Relief Society.—Texas : Dallas, FederatedJewish Charities : El Paso, Mt. Sinai Congregation ; Fort Worth, HebrewRelief Society; Gainesville, United Hebrew Congregation; Galveston, He-brew Benevolent Society ; Houston, Beth Israel Benevolent Society, JewishWomen's Benevolent Association; San Antonio, Montefiore BenevolentSociety ; Waco, Hebrew Benevolent Society.—Utah : Salt Lake City, Jewish

NATIONAL, JEWISH FRATERNAL CONGRESS 237

Relief Society.—Virginia: Alexandria, Hebrew Benevolent Society ; Nor-folk, Ladies Hebrew Benevolent Society; Richmond, Congregation BethAhaba of Richmond, Hebrew Home for Aged and Infirm, Hebrew Ladies'Benevolent Society.—Washington: Seattle, Hebrew Ladies' BenevolentSociety.—West Virginia : Wheeling, United Hebrew Charities.—Wisconsin :Milwaukee, Hebrew Relief Association, Ladies' Relief Sewing Society,Ladies' Sanitary and Benevolent Society, Mt. Sinai Hospital.

NATIONAL FARM SCHOOLInc., Apl. 10, 1896. SCHOOL AND FARMS : Farm School, Bucks Co., Pa.

OFFICE : 407 Mutual Life Bldg., Philadelphia, Pa.Fourteenth Annual Meeting, Oct. 15, 1911, Farm School, Bucks Co., Pa.Eleventh Annual Commencement, June 2, 1912.Number of graduates, 1912, 15.Whole number of graduates, 116.Members, 1800.OFFICERS : Pres., Joseph Krauskopf, 4715 Pulaski Av., Germantown,

Pa. ; Vice-Pres., Harry B. Hirsch ; Treas., Isaac H. Silverman ; ExecutiveSec, A. H. Fromenson, 407 Mutual Life Bldg., all of Phila., Pa.

DIRECTOR : J. H. Washburn.EXECUTIVE BOARD : A. Bamberger, B. Binswanger, Hart Blumenthal,

W. Atlee Burpee, Adolph Eichholz, H. Felix, Simon Friedberger, DanielGimbel, S. Grabfelder, Isaac Landman, M. A. Kaufmann, Alfred M. Klein,Arnold Kohn, Howard A. Loeb, Leon Merz, Barney Selig, J. N. Snellenburg,all of Phila., Pa.

NATIONAL AUXILIARY BOARD : Louis I. Aaron, Pittsburg, Pa.; JuliusAdler, Portland, Ore. ; Henry Beer, New Orleans, La. ; I. W. Bernheim,Louisville, Ky. ; Henry Frank, Natchez, Miss.; M. J. Freiberg, Cincinnati,O. ; Bernard Ginsburg, Detroit, Mich. ; Mrs. Jacob H. Hecht, Boston,Mass. ; A. Hirshheimer, La Crosse, Wis. ; M. Horkheimer, Wheeling, W.Va.; Adolph Lewisohn, N. Y. C.; Louis Newberger. Indianapolis, Ind. ;Edw. E. Richards, Mnbile, Ala. ; E. Raab, Richmond, Va. ; Alex. Sanger,Dallas, Tex. ; David Sternberg, Memphis, Tenn. ; Sigmund B. Sonneborn,Baltimore, Md.; Harris Weinstock, Sacramento, Calif.; Ferdinand West-heimer, St. Joseph, Mo.; A. Younker, Des Moines, la.

THE NORTH CAROLINA BRANCH OF THE NATIONAL FARM SCHOOLOrg., Mch. 28, 1910, at Asheville, N. C.OBJECT : To promote the settling of graduates of the National Farm

School on Hellman Farms and in other parts of North Carolina.OFFICERS : Judge J. C. Pritchard, Chairman ; F. W. Cone, Secretary.COMMITTEE : G. Alexander, J. A. Campbell, H. L, Finkelstein, W. A.

Hildebrand, R. S. Jones, S. Lipinsky, M. D. Long, J. Lowenbein, S. H.Michaelev, G. S. Powell, E. L. Ray, J. S. Silverstein, and S. Sternberg,all of Asheville, N. C. ; Caesar Cone, Greensboro, N. C. ; S. Friedman,Rock Hill, S. C. ; Sol. Gellert, Rutherfordton, N. C. ; A. J. Lemort, Tyron,N. C.; Wm. Wallace, Statesville, N. C.; Sol. Weil, Goldsboro, N. C.; T. C.Westall, East Flat Rock, N. C.

NATIONAL JEWISH FRATERNAL CONGRESSOrg., Apl., 1911. OFFICE : 78 Second Av., New York City

Members, 600,000.OFFICERS : Pres., Leon Sanders ; Vice-Pres., Samuel Dorf; Treas., S. R.

Schultz ; Sec, Sigmund Fodor, 78 2d Av., all of N. Y. C.ORDEISS : Illinois : Chicago, Independent Order Western Star.—Missouri:


St. Louis, Progressive Order of the West.—New Jersey : Newark, OrderKing Solomon; Passaic, Independent Order Free Sons of Joseph.—NewYork : New York City, Independent Order Ahawas Israel; Independent OrderBrith Abraham ; Independent Order Free Sons of Judah ; Order Brith Abra-ham ; Order of Ziqn; Workingmen's Circle.—Pennsylvania: Philadelphia,Order Brith Sholom.

NATIONAL JEWISH HOSPITAL FOR CONSUMPTIVESOrg., 1899. OFFICE : 3800 B. Colfax Av.t Denver, Colo.

Twelfth Annual Meeting, Nov., 1911, New York City.Members, 17,000.Patients treated, 1994.OFFICERS : Pres., Samuel Grabfelder, Merchants and Mariner Bldg.,

Philadelphia, Pa.; VIce-Pres., David May, St. Louis, Mo.; Treas., Ben.Althelmer, St. Louis, Mo.; Sec, Mrs. S. Pisko, 3800 B. Colfax Av., Denver,Colo.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : The Officers, and J. Walter Freiberg, Cincinnati,O. ; William S. Friedman, Denver, Colo.; Louis Gerstley, Phila., Pa.; DavidS. Lehman, Denver, Colo. ; Martin A. Marks, Cleveland, O.; Louis D. Shoen-berg, N. Y. C.

NATIONAL JEWISH IMMIGRATION COUNCILOrg-, March 5, 1911. OFFICE : 43 Exchange PI., New York City

Delegates and members at large, 18.Constituent societies, 10.Purpose : General supervision of all work for Jewish Immigrants at

the seaports of the United States.OFFICERS : Chairman, Abr. I. Elkus, 170 Bway., N. Y. C.; Vice-Chair-

man. Max Mitchell, 43 Hawkins. Boston, Mass.; Sec. and Treas., H.L. Sabsovlch, 43 Exchange PI.. N. Y. C.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : Chairman, Leon Sanders, N. Y. C.; Sec, D.M. Bressler, N. Y. C.; Abr. I. Elkus, N. Y. C.; Max J. Kohler, N. Y. C.;Louis H. Levin, Baltimore. Md.; Louis E. Levy, Phila., Pa.

MEMBERS AT LARGE : Nathan BIJur, N. Y. C.; Oscar S. Straus, N. Y. C.;Simon Wolf, Washington, D. C.

CONSTITUENT SOCIETIF.S : Maryland: Baltimore, Federated Charities,Hebrew Immigrants Protective Association.—Massachusetts: Boston, Fed-erated Charities.—New York : New York City, American Jewish Committee,Board of Delegates of Union of American Hebrew Congregations, Com-mittee on Immigrant Aid of National Council of Jewish Women, Execu-tive Committee of Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations, Jewish Im-migration Committee.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, Association for theProtection of Jewish Immigrants.—Texas : Galveston, Jewish ImmigrantsInformation Bureau.

NATIONAL UNION OF JEWISH SHELTERING SOCIETIESOrg., July 30, 1911. OFFICE : 229-231 East Broadway, New York CityMembers, 36 communities.Purpose : To help worthy wayfarers ; to put a check on habitual wan-

derers, and to prevent wife-deserters from using the Hachnosas Orchim as ameans of escape from family responsibilities.

ORDER BRITH ABRAHAM 239

OFFICERS : Pres., Leon Sanders, N. Y. C.; Vice-Pres., S. H. Brodsky,Newark, N. J. ; Mrs. H. Finkelpearl, Pittsburg, Pa.; A. Kress, Baltimore,Md.; M. Meyerowltz, Chicago III.; Mendel Silber, Albuquerque, N. M. ;Treas., Max Meyerson, N. Y. C.; Hon. Sec, I. Hershtfeld, N. Y. C.

EXECUTIVE BOARD : M. J. S. Abels, Altoona, Pa.: M. Blech-shlager, Cincinnati. O.; Mrs. S. Bloch, Indianapolis, Ind.; M. J. Braude,Syracuse, N. Y. ; S. H. Brodsky, Newark, N. J. ; Henry J. Conn, Rich-mond, Va.; A. Coll, Spokane, Wash.; A. Concors, N. Y. C.: Mrs. H. Finkel-pearl, Pittsburg, Pa. ; I. Hershfleld, N. Y. C. ; Mrs. W. Klebansky, Phila.,Pa. ; A. Kress, Baltimore, Md. ; Rev. H. Masliansky, N. Y. C. ; Jacob Massel,N. Y. C.; M. Meyerowitz, Chicago, 111.; Max Meyersohn, N. Y. C. ; L.Poliaknff, Newark, N. J . ; — Rissman, Chicago, 111.; Leon Sanders, N. Y. C.;A. L. Schiller, Scranton, Pa. ; M. B. Schlom, Wilkes-Barre, Pa. ; A. J. Shon,Fall River, Mass.; Mendel Silber, Albuquerque, N. M. ; I. Warsaw, Waco,Tex.; W. Wittenstein, Bridgeport, Conn.

COMMUNITIES : California: Los Angeles, San Francisco.—Connecticut:Bridgeport, Norwich.—Delaware : Wilmington.—District of Columbia :Washington.—Georgia : Atlanta.—Illinois : Chicago.—Indiana : Indianap-olis.—Maryland: Baltimore.—Massachusetts: Fall River.—New Jersey:Bayonne, Elizabeth, Newark, Paterson, West Hoboken.—New York:Gloversville, Rochester, Schenectady, Syracuse, Watertown.—Ohio : Cincin-nati, Zanesville.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, Pittsburg. Scranton, Wilkes-Barre.—South Carolina : Charleston.—Texas : Fort Worth, Waco.—Vir-ginia : Norfolk, Portsmouth, Richmond.—Washington: Spokane, Tacoma.—Canada: Montreal.

ORDER B R I T H ABRAHAM

Org., June 12, 1859. OFFICE : 266 Grand, New York CityTwenty-sixth Biennial Convention, May 7, 1911, Indianapolis, Ind.Members, 72,295.Lodges, 367.OFFICERS : Grand Master, Samuel D"rf, N. Y. C.; First Deputy Grand

Master, M. Schoenfeld, N. Y. C. ; Second Deputy Grand Master, B. Mantel,Indianapolis. Ind. ; Third Deputy Grand Master, D. Grody, Syracuse, N. Y. :Grand Treas.. Barnet Friedman; Grand Sec, Geo. W. Leisersohn, 266Grand; Counsel to the Order, Hon. H. M. Goldfogle, all of N. Y. C.

LODGES : Alabama : Birmingham.—California : Los Angeles, San Fran-cisco, 3.-—Colorado : Denver, 2, Pueblo.—Connecticut : Hartford, 2, NewBritain, New Haven, New London, Norwich, South Norwalk, Waterbury,2.—District of Columbia : Washington.—Georgia : Atlanta, Macon, Savan-nah.—Illinois : Chicago, 29, La Salle, Penria.—Indiana : Indianapolis, 3,Lafayette, Gary.—Iowa : Centerville, Des Moines.—Kentucky : Louisville, 2.—Louisiana : Shreveport.—Maine : Bangor, Biddeford, Lewiston, Portland.—Maryland : Baltimore, 5.—Massachusetts : Boston, 25. Chelsea, East Bos-ton, Fall River, 3, Haverhill, Holyoke, Lawrence, 2, Maiden, New Bedford,Salem, 2, South Framingham, Springfield, Worcester, 2.—Michigan : Detroit,2.—Minnesota: Duluth, 3, Eveleth, Hibbing, Minneapolis, 6, St. Paul.—Missouri: Kansas City, 2, St. Joseph, St. Louis, 10.—Montana : Butte.—Nebraska : Omaha.— New Hampshire : Manchester.—New Jersey : Newark,9, Paterson, 3.—New York : Albany, Binghamton, Buffalo, 2, Elmira, Hud-son, New York City, 139, Peekskill, Rochester, 2, Syracuse, 3, Troy, Utica, 2.—Ohio : Cincinnati, Cleveland, 6, Loraln, Toledo. 2, Youngstown.—Pennsyl-vania : Chester, Hazleton, Johnstown, New Castle, Philadelphia, 9, Pitts-burg, 4, Reading, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre, 2.—Rhode Island : Providence, 7,Woonsocket.—Texas : Dallas, 2, Houston, San Antonio, Waco.—Vermont:Burlington.—Virginia : Newport News, Norfolk. Richmond.—Washington :Bellingham, Seattle.—Wisconsin : La Crosse, Milwaukee, 2, West Superior.

16


ORDER KESHER SHEL BARZELOrg., 1860. OFFICE : 342 E. 50th, New York City

Biennial Convention of District Grand Lodge, No. 1, Feb. 28, 1912, NewYork City.

Members, 335.Lodges, 29.OFFICERS : Pres., Jacob Ankel; Sec, Moses Greenbaum, 342 E. 50th,

both of N. Y. C.EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE: M. Kreisler; H. Beck; Wm. Bernard; S. Cole-

man ; L. Bauman.LODGES : Connecticut: Hartford, New Haven.—Massachusetts : Boston.

—New Jersey : Jersey City, Newark, 2.—New York : Albany, Brooklyn, 2,Buffalo, Elmira, Kingston, New York City, 18, Ogdensburg, Poughkeepsie,Rochester, Syracuse, Troy.

ORDER KNIGHTS OF JOSEPHOrg., Feb. 14, 1896. OFFICE : 34 Blackstone Bldg., Cleveland, O.

Ninth Biennial Convention, Sept. 28-31, 1910, Rock Island, 111.Members, 12,000.Lodges, 80.OFFICERS : Supreme Commander, J. C. Bloch, 615 Williamson Bldg.,

Cleveland, O.; First Supreme Vice-Commander, S. Willner, St. Louis, Mo.;Second Supreme Vice-Commander, John M. Kantor, Chicago, 111. ; SupremeSec, D. J. Zinner, Cleveland, O. ; Supreme Treas, N. L. Holstein, Cleve-land, O.; Endowment Treas., A. Jacobs, Cleveland, O. ; Supreme Auditor,M. S. Freiberger, Cleveland, 0.

LODGES : Connecticut: New Haven.—Illinois : Chicago, 15, Rock Island,2, Springfield.—Indiana : Indianapolis.—Kentucky : Louisville.—Missouri:St. Louis, 6.—New Jersey : Camden, Newark, Passaic, Paterson, 2.—NewYork: Buffalo, 5, Rochester, 3.—Ohio: Cincinnati, 5, Cleveland, 8, Co-lumbus, 2, Toledo.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, 17, Pittsburg, 5.—Tenn-essee : Nashville.—Wisconsin : Milwaukee.

* ORDER KNIGHTS OF MACCABEESLODGES : Bangor, Me., Queen City Tent; Denver, Colo., Dr. Herzl

Lodge, Secretary, Louis Lipschitz; Montefiore Tent No. 20, Organized,June 1, 1896, Secretary, M. Grldenberg; Colorado Tent No. 51, Organized,March 7, 1904, Secretary, A. Schapiro.

ORDER KNIGHTS OF ZION(WESTERN FEDERATION OF ZIONISTS)Org., Oct. 25, 1898. OFFICE : Chicago, 111.

Fifteenth Annual Convention, Dec. 28, 1911-Jan. 1, 1912, Detroit, Mich.Members, 3000 : Male, 2500 ; female, 500.Gates, 28.OFFICERS : Grand Master, Max Shulman, 1108 Ashland Blk.; Grand Vice-

Master, Geo. K. Rosenzweig; Grand Treas., B. Antonow ; Grand Sec, BenJ.Perlstein, 1400 W. Taylor, all of Chicago, 111.

GATES : Illinois : Chicago.—Indiana : Indiana Harbor, South Bend.—Iowa : Sioux City.—Kansas : Wichita.—Michigan : Detroit.—Minnesota :Duluth, Minneapolis.—Nebraska : Lincoln, Omaha.—Wisconsin : Kenosha,La Crosse, Madison, Milwaukee.

PROGRESSIVE ORDER OF THE WEST 241

ORDER SONS OF ZIONOrg., Apl. 19, 1908. OFFICE : 254 East Broadway, New York City

Fourth Annual Convention, June 15-16, 1912, Newark, N. J.Members, 2004.Lodges, 49.PURPOSE : Fraternal and Zionlstic.OFFICERS : Nasi, Leon Zolotkoff; Segan Rishon, Joseph Barondess;

Segan Sheni, Joshua Sprayregen; Gisbor, H. B. Isaacson ; Maskir, JacobIsh Kishor.

EXECDTIVE COMMITTEE : Isaac Allen, Charles L. Apfel, J. I. Bluestone,Nathan Chazan, Henry Eiser, Abe Goldberg, Leo Goldberger, David P.Goldstein, Jacob Massel, Sol. Neumann, Nathan Prensky, Abr. Price, J.Rabinowitz, Morris Salem, Victor Schwartz, Aaron Slutzky, Judge Strahl,Samuel Wagner, and Moe Werbelowsky. Counsellor, Max Perlman.

CAMPS : Connecticut: Colchester, Hartford, Meriden, New Britain, NewHaven, Stamford, Waterbury.—Massachusetts: Boston, Brockton, Chelsea,Holyoke, Pittsfield.—Missouri : St. Louis.—New Jersey : Jersey City, New-ark, 5, Paterson, Perth Amboy, 2, Plainfleld, Trenton.—New York : Brook-lyn, 6, Buffalo, New York, 13, Port Chester, Rochester, Syracuse.—Ohio:Cleveland.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia, Scranton, Wilkes-Barre.—RhodeIsland : Pawtucket, Providence.—Virginia : Portsmouth, Richmond.—Wis-consin : Superior.

ORDER UNITED HEBREWS OF AMERICAHEADQUARTERS : Boston, Mass.

Eighth Annual Convention, May 27, 1912.OFFICERS : Pres., John S. Albert; Vice-Pres., Morris Diamond, Z. Pi-

nansky ; Grand Treas., A. J. Bennett; Grand Sec, L. Davis ; Counsel of theOrder, B. White; Medical Examiner, N. Friedman.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : A. Altshuler, M. Appel, T. Berman, A. Bucnoltz,Aaron Cohen, Abr. Cohen, Harry Cohen, Hyman Cohen, H. j . Danzig, H.Feldman, J. Freedman, J. Glickman, M. Krantzman, H. Lipie, I. Massell, H.Orenberg, L. Taylor.

PROGRESSIVE ORDER OF THE WESTOrg., Feb. 13, 1896. OFFICE : 11th and Franklin Av., St. Louis, Mo.Sixteenth Annual Convention, Jan. 28-31, 1912, Cincinnati, O.Members, 12,563.Lodges, 79.OFFICERS : Grand Master, B. Frank, 3103 Thomas, St. Louis, Mo.; First

Deputy Grand Master, H. L. Brody, Chicago, 111. ; Second Deputy GrandMaster, Abe Levy, St. Louis, Mo.; Third Deputy Grand Master, J. Zucker-man, Cleveland, O.; Grand Sec, Morris Shapiro, St. Louis, Mo.; GrandTreas., Jacob Lasky, St. Louis, Mo.; Beneficiary Treas., Sam Kranzberg,St. Louis, Mo.; Counsellor of the Order, Max Levy, Cincinnati, O.

LODGES : District of Columbia : Washington, 2.—Illinois : Chicago, 26,Maywood, Peoria.—Indiana : Indianapolis.—Kansas : Kansas City.—Ken-tucky : Louisville.—Maryland : Baltimore, 2.—Michigan : Detroit.—Minne-sota : St. Paul.—Missouri : Kansas City, 3, St. Louis, 17.—New York :Syracuse, 2.—Ohio: Cincinnati, 2, Cleveland, 4.—Pennsylvania: Phila-delphia, 4.—Texas : Beaumont, Dallas, Fort Worth.—West Virginia :Charleston.—Wisconsin : Milwaukee, 3.


SIGMA ALPHA MU FRATERNITYOrg., 1909. OFFICE : Care of Alpha Chapter, College of the City of

New York.PURPOSE : Fraternity for Jewish College Men.CHAPTERS : Alpha, College of the City of New York; Beta, Cornell

University, Ithaca, N. Y. ; Gamma, Columbia University. New York City ;Delta, Long Island College Hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y. ; Epsilon, College ofPhysicians and Surgeons, New York City.

UNION OF AMERICAN HEBREW CONGREGATIONSOrg., 1873. OFFICE : Cincinnati, O.

Twenty-third Council will meet Jan. 21, 1913, Cincinnati, O.Members, 179 Congregations.Four Departments: I. Executive and Financial, President, J. Walter

Freiberg, Cincinnati. II. Hebrew Union College, Pres., Board of Governors,Edward L. Heinsheimer, Cincinnati, O. III. Board of Delegates on CivilRights, Chairman, Simon Wolf, 700 14th, N. W., Washington, D. C. IV.Board of Managers of Synagogue and School Extension, Chairman, Sol.Fox; Director, Rabbi George Zepin ; both of Cincinnati, O.

EXECCTIVE BOARD FOR 1912: Pres., J. Walter Freiberg, Cincinnati,O. ; Vice-Pres., Chas. Shohl, Cincinnati, O.; Treas., Solomon Fox, Cin-cinnati, O. ; Sec, Llptnan Levy, Fourth Natl. Bk. Bldg., Cincinnati, O.;Isaac W. Bernheim, Louisville, Ky. ; Bernhard Bettmann, Cincinnati, O.;Josiah Cohen, Pittsburg, Pa.; Bernard Ginsburg, Detroit, Mich.; LouisJ. Goldman, Cincinnati, O. ; Edw. L. Heinsheimer, Cincinnati, O.; AdolfKraus, Chicago, 111. ; David Leventritt, N. Y. C.; Moritz Loth, Cincin-nati, O.; Baruch Mahler, Cleveland, O. ; Martin A. Marks, Cleveland,O.; Max B. May, Cincinnati, O. ; Adolph S. Ochs, N. Y. C.; AbramOppenhelmer, Buffalo, N. Y. ; Marcus Rauh, Pittsburg, Pa. ; SlgmundRheinstrom, Cincinnati. 0 . ; Simon W. Rosendale, Albany, N. Y.; JuliusRosenwald, Chicago, 111.; Jacob H. Schiff, N. Y. C.; Jacob Schnadig,Chicago, 111. ; Emil Selig. Phila., Pa. ; Lucius L. Solomons, San Francisco,Calif. ; Maurice Stern, New Orleans, La.; Samuel Straus, Cincinnati, 0.Isaac Strouse, Baltimore, Md.; Solomon Sulzberger, N. Y. C.

BOARD OF GOVERNORS OF THE HEBREW UNION COLLEGE FOR. 1912-14Henry Berkowitz, Philadelphia, Pa. ; Bernhard Bettmann, Cincinnati, O.Alfred M. Cohen, Cincinnati, O. ; Nathan Drueker, Norwood, CincinnatiO.; Maurice J. Freiberg, Cincinnati, O.; Moses J. Gries, Cleveland, O.Edward L. Heinsheimer, Cincinnati, O. ; Emil G. Hirsch, Chicago, 111.Harry M. Hoffheimer, Cincinnati, O. ; Alfred M. Klein, Phila., Pa.; JosephKrauskopf, Germantown, Phila., Pa.; Irwin M. Krohn, Cincinnati, O.;Max Landsberg, Rochester, N. Y. ; Charles S. Levi, Peoria, 111.; J. LeonardLevy, Pittsburg, Pa. ; Myer Oettlnger, Cincinnati, O. ; Jacob Ottenheimer,Cincinnati, O.; David Phillpson, Cincinnati, O.; Emil Pollak, Cincinnati,O.; M. Samfleld, Memphis, Tenn.; Joseph Silverman, N. Y. C.; JosephStolz, Chicago, 111. ; Henry Wangenheim, San Francisco, Calif.; EliWinkler, Cincinnati, 0.

BOARD OF DELEGATES ON CIVIL RIGHTS FOR 1912 : Chairman, SimonWolf, Washington. D. C.; Milton L. Anfenger, Denver, Colo.; Ralph Bam-berger, Indianapolis, Ind. ; Bernhard Bettmann, Cincinnati, O.; Leon Block,Kansas City, Mo. ; E. N. Calisch, Richmond, Va. ; Josiah Cohen, Pitts-burg, Pa.; Myer Cohen, Washington, D. C.; Morris M. Cohn. LittleRock, Ark.; Nathan Cohn, Nashville, Tenn.; Israel Cowen. Chicago,III. ; Harry Cutler, Providence, R. I. : Levi H. David, Washington,D. C. ; Felix J. Dreyfous. New Orleans, La. ; Abram I. Elkus, New YorkCity; Harry Franc, Washington, D. C. ; Leo M. Franklin, Detroit,Mich. ; Nathan Frank, St. Louis. Mo. ; J. Walter Freiberg. Cincinnati. 0 . ;Jacob Furth, St. Louis, Mo. ; Henry M. Goldfogle, N. Y. C.; Louis J.Goldman, Cincinnati, O.; Joseph B. Greenhut, Peoria, 111.; Moses J.

UNION OF AMERICAN HEBREW CONGREGATIONS 243

Grles, Cleveland, O.; Win. B. Hackenburg, Phlla., Pa. ; Henry Hanaw,Mobile, Ala.; Joseph Hlrsh, Vicksburg, Miss.; Morris Horkheimer, Wheel-ing, W. Va.; Marcus .Tacobi, Wilmington, N. C.; Julius Kahn, SanFrancisco, Calif.; Max J. Kohler, N. Y. C.; Adolf Kraus, Chicago, 111.;Emil Lesser, Birmingham, Ala.; B. L. Levinthal, Phila., Pa.; J. LeonardLevy, Pittsburg, Pa.; Julian W. Mack, Washington, D. C.; Lewis W. Marcus,Buffalo, N. Y.: David Marx, Atlanta, Ga. ; T. M. Mordecai, Charleston, S. C.;Jacob Nieto, San Francisco, Calif.; Julius Peyser, Washington, D. C.; M.Warley Platzek, N. Y. C.; Wm. Rosenau, Baltimore, Md.; Simon W. Rosen-dale, Albany, N. Y.; Julius Rosenwald, Chicago, 111. ; David Rothschild,Davenport, la. ; Charles A. Rubenstein, Baltimore, Md. ; Lewis Seasongood,Cincinnati, O.; Alfred Selligman, Louisville, Ky. ; Charles Shohl, Cincinnati,O.; Abram Simon, Washington, D. C. ; Lucius L. Solomons, San Francisco.Calif.; Louis Stern, Washington, D. C.; Samuel Ullman, Birmingham, Ala.;Isaac M. Ullman, New Haven, Conn.; Henry Wallenstein, Wichita, Kan.;Jonas Weil, Minneapolis, Minn.; Sol. Well, Goldsboro, N. C. ; Eugene F.Westheimer, St. Joseph, Mo.; Leo Wise, Cincinnati, O. ; Edwin Wolf, Phila.,Pa.; Adolphe Wolfe, Portland, Ore.

BOARD OF MANAGERS OP SYNAGOGUE AND SCHOOL EXTENSION : Sec,George Zepin, 90 Carew Bids?., Cincinnati, O. ; Israel Cowen, Chicago, III.;Harry Cutler, Providence, R. I. ; Solomon Fox, Cincinnati, O. ; J. WalterFreiberg, Cincinnati, 0 . ; Louis J. Goldman, Cincinnati, O.; J. Leon-ard Levy, Pittsburg, Pa.; Moritz Loth, Cincinnati, O. ; Martin A. Marks,Cleveland, 0 . ; Max B. May, Cincinnati, O. ; Sigmund Rheinstrom, Cincinnati,O.; Julius Rosenwald, Chicago, 111. ; Joseph Schonthal, Columbus, O.;Alfred Selligman, Louisville, Ky.; Chas. Shohl, Cincinnati, O.; SamuelStraus, Cincinnati, O.; Abr. J. Sunstein, Pittsburg, Pa.

HEBREW UNION COLLEGE : Faculty: Pres., Kaufmann Kohler, Ph. D.(Erlangen), Professor of Homiletics, Theology, and Hellenistic Literature;Gotthard Deutsch, Ph.D. (Vienna), Professor of Jewish History and Lit-erature; Louis Grossmann, D. D. (H. U. C) , Professor of Ethics and Peda-fogy; David Neumark, Ph.D. (Berlin), Professor of Jewish Philosophy;

acob Z. Lauterbach, Ph.D. (Goettingen), Professor of Talmud; MosesButtenwieser, Ph. D. (Heidelberg), Associate Professor of Biblical Exegesis ;Henry Englander, Ph. D. (Brown), Associate Professor of Biblical Exegesisand Biblical History; Julian Morgenstern, Ph.D. (Heidelberg), AssociateProfessor of Bible and Semitic Languages.

Special Instructors: Boris D. Bogen, Ph.D. (New York University),Sociology with reference to Jewish Philanthropy; David Philipson, D. D.(H. U. C.)i Lecturer on History of the Reform Movement and theActivities of the Rabbi; Benj. Carlton Van Wye, A. II.. Elocution.

Corresponding Members nf the Faculty: Aaron Hahn (1887) ; DavidDavidson (1892) ; Emil G. Hirsch (1901).

CONGREGATIONS : Alabama : Anniston, Beth El; Birmingham, Emannel;Demopolis, Bene Jeshurun ; Mobile, Shaare Shamayim ; Montgomery, KehalMontgomery; Selma, Mishkan Israel.—Arkansas : Camden, Beth El Emeth ;Fort Smith. United Hebrew; Helena, Beth El ; Hot Springs, House ofIsrael; Little Rock, Bene Israel; Pine Bluff, Anshe Emeth.—California:Los Angeles, Bene Berith; Sacramento, Bene Israel; San Francisco,Emanuel; Stockton, Ryhim Ahoovim.—Colorado : Denver, Emanuel; Trini-dad, Aaron.—Connecticut; Hartford, Beth Israel; New Haven, MlshkanIsrael; Waterbury, Temple Israel.—District of Columbia: Washington,Washington Hebrew.—Florida : Jacksonville, Ahavath Chesed ; Pensacola,Beth El ; Tampa, Shaare Zedek.—Georgia : Albany, Bene Israel: Atlanta,Hebrew Benevolent; Columbus, Bene Israel; Maeon, Beth Israel; Savannah,Mickva Israel.—Illinois : Bloomington, Moses Monteflore; Cairo, Monte-fiore; Chicago, Anshe Maarab, Bene Sholom. Chicago Sinai, Isaiah Temple,North Chicago Hebrew; Danville. Reform ; Lincoln, Beth El ; Peoria,Anshe Emeth.—Indiana : Evansville, Bene Israel; Fort Wayne, AchduthVeshalom; Gary, Temple Israel; Indianapolis, Indianapolis Hebrew;Kokomo, Sbaare Shamayim ; Lafayette, Ahabath Achim ; Ligonier, AhabathShalom; Madison, Adath Israel; Mount Vernon, Anshe Israel; Muncie,Beth El • Peru, Or Zion ; South Bend, Beth El; Terre Haute, Temple Israel;


Wabash, Rodef Shalom.—Iowa: Davenport, Bene Israel; Des Moines, BeneJeshurun: Sioux City, Mt. Sinai.—Kansas: Wichita, Emanuel.—Ken-tucky : Henderson, Adath Israel; Lexington, Adath Israel; Louisville,Adath Israel; Owensboro, Adath Israel; Paducah, Temple Israel.—Louisiana : Baton Rouge, Bene Israel ; Monroe, Bene Israel; New Iberia,Gates of Prayer; New Orleans, Gates of Mercy, Dispersed of Judah,Temple Sinai, Gates of Prayer; Shreyeport, Hebrew Zion.—Maryland:Baltimore, Baltimore Hebrew, Har Sinai, Oheb Shalom ; Cumberland, BairChayim.—Massachusetts : Boston, Adath Israel.—Michigan : Bay City,Anshe Chesed; Detroit, Beth El ; Grand Rapids, Emanuel ; Kalamazoo,Bene Israel; Saginaw, Beth El.—Minnesota : St. Paul, Mount Zion Hebrew.—Mississippi: Greenville, Hebrew Union ; Greenwood, Beth Israel; Merid-ian, Beth Israel; Natchez, Bene Israel ; Port Gibson, Gemiluth Chasadim ;Vicksburg, Anshe Chesed.—-Missouri: Kansas City, Bene Jehudah ; Spring-field, Temple Israel; St. Joseph, Adath Joseph ; St. Louis, Shaare Emeth,Temple Israel.—Montana : Helena, Emanuel.—Nebraska : Lincoln, BeneJeshurun; Omaha, Israel.—New Jersey: Atlantic City, Beth Israel;Newark, Bene Jeshurun.—New York: Albany, Beth Emeth; Bingham-ton, Hebrew Reform Society; Brooklyn, Congregation Beth Elohim,Temple Beth Elohim, Temple Israel; Buffalo, Temple Beth Zion ; NewYork City, Ahabath Chesed Shaare Hashomayim, Beth El, Rodef Shalom,Temple Emanuel, Temple Israel of Harlem ; Niagara Palls, Temple Beth El;Rochester, Berith Kodesh ; Syracuse, Society of Concord.—North Carolina:Asheville, Beth ha Tephila; Goldsboro, Oheb Shalom ; New Berne, B'naiSholom ; Statesville, Emanuel.—Ohio: Akron, Akron Hebrew ; Canton, Can-ton Hebrew; Cincinnati, Bene Israel, Bene Jeshurun, She'erith Israel,Ahabath Achim ; Cleveland, Anshe Chesed, Tiferith Israel; Columbus, BeneIsrael; Dayton, Bene Jeshurun; East Liverpool, Bene Israel; Hamilton,Bene Israel; Lima, Beth Israel; Piqua, Anshe Emeth ; Portsmouth, BeneAbraham; Sandusky, Beth Israel ; Springfield, Oheb Zedakah ; Toledo,Shomer Emunim ; Youngstown, Rodef Shalom ; Zanesville, Keneseth Israel.—Oklahoma: Enid, Emanuel : Oklahoma City, Temple B'nai Israel.—Oregon : Portland, Temple Beth Israel.—Pennsylvania : Allentown, Kene-seth Israel; Altoona, Hebrew Reformed; Easton, B'rith Sholem; Erie,Anshe Chesed; Harrisburg, Oheb Shalom ; Hazleton, Beth Israel; Hones-dale, Beth Israel; Lancaster, Shaare Shamayim ; Meadville, MeadvilleHebrew Society ; Philadelphia, Keneseth Israel, Rodef Shalom ; Pittsburg,Rodef Shalom; Riending, Oheb Sholom ; Scranton, Anshe Chesed; Titus-ville, Bene Zion ; Wilkes-Barre, Bene Berith ; York, Beth Israel.—RhodeIsland: Providence, Sons of Israel and David.—Tennessee : Chattanooga,Mizpah; Knoxville, Beth El; Memphis, Children of Israel; Nashville,Ohabe Shalom.—Texas: Dallas. Emanuel ; El Paso, Mt. Sinai ; Port Worth,Beth El; Gainesville, United Hebrew; Galveston, Bene Israel; Houston,Beth Israel; Marshall, Moses Montefiore; San Antonio, Beth El; Waco,Rodef Shalom.—Utah : Salt Lake City, Bene Israel.—Virginia: Alex-andria, Beth El; Norfolk. Oheb Shalom; Petersburg, Rodef Sholom;Richmond, Beth Ahaba.—Washington : Seattle, Temple de Hirsch.—WestVirginia: Charleston, Hebrew Educational Society; Huntington, OhebShalom ; Wheeling, Leshem Shamayim.—Wisconsin : La Crosse, AnsheChesed ; Milwaukee, Emanuel.

ALUMNI ASSOCIATION OP THE HEBREW UNION COLLEGEOrg., 1906. Hebrew Union College, Cincinnati, Ohio

Members, 132.Purpose: To promote welfare of the Hebrew Union College and

strengthen fraternal feeliDg among graduates of Hebrew Union College.OFFICERS : Pres., David Marx, Atlanta, Ga. ; Vlce-Pres., Edward Calisch,

Richmond Va.; Treas., George Zepin, Cincinnati, O.; Historian, GeorgeSolomon, Savannah, Ga.; Sec, Julian H. Miller, 515 Douglas, Chattanooga,Tenn.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : Samuel Goldenson, Albany, N. Y. ; Joseph Jasin,Niagara Falls, N. Y. ; Abr. Simon, Washington, D. C.

UNITED ORTHODOX RABBIS OF AMERICA 245

UNION OF ORTHODOX JEWISH CONGREGATIONS OF THEUNITED STATES AND CANADA

Org., June 8, 1898. OFFICE : 99 Central Park, W., New York CityFourth Biennial Convention, June 9, 1907, New York City.OFFICERS : Pres., H. Pereira Mendes, 99 Central Park, W., N. Y. C.;

Vice-Pres., Meldola de Sola, Montreal, Can.; H. Friedenwald, Baltimore,Md.; Simon M. Roeder, N. Y. C.; Treas., Jacob Hecht, N. Y. C.; Sec,Isidore Hershfield, N. Y. C.; J. Buchhalter, N. Y. C.; Albert Lucas, 56 W.105th, N. Y. C.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE: H. Abramovitz, Montreal, Can.; A. M.Ashinsky, Pittsburg, Pa.; Joseph Baum, N. Y. C.; Gustav Cohn, Phila.,Pa.; Gabriel Davidson, N. Y. C.; Jacob de Haas, Boston, Mass.; B.Drachman, N. Y. C.; Julius J. Dukas, N. Y. C.; Harry Pischel, N. Y. C.;Meyer Goldberg, N. Y. C.; Henry P. Goldstein, N. Y. C.; J. H.Greenstone, Phila., Pa.; Jacob M. Guedalia, N. Y. C. ; Hyman Heis-man, Bklyn., N. Y.; Henry Illoway, N. Y. C.; Phillip Jaches, N. Y. C.;Mordecai M. Kaplan, N. Y. C.; Edwin Kaufman, N. Y. C.; C. H. Kauvar,Denver, Colo.; Philip Klein, N. Y. C.; Louis E. Levy, Phila., Pa.; E.Lewin-Epstein, N. Y. C.; M. S. Margolies, N. Y. C.; Henry S. Morals, N. Y.C.; M. Neustaedter, N. Y. C. ; M. H. Phillips, N. Y. C.; Simon Roeder,N. Y. C.; Henry V. Rothschild, N. Y. C.; Abraham E. Rothstein, N. Y. C.;S. Schaffer, Baltimore, Md.; H. W. Schneeberger, Baltimore, Md.; Hyman S.Shoher, Boston, Mass.

UNITED CLOTH HAT AND CAP MAKERS OF NORTHAMERICA

Org., Mch. 20, 1901. OFFICE : 62 E. 4th, New York CityEighth Biennial Convention, May 1, 1911, N. Y. C.Members, 3600 : Male, 3200 ; Female, 400.Locals, 27.SECRETARY : M. Zuckerman, 62 E. 4th, N. Y. C.; ASST. SEC. : M.

Zaritsky.EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE : S. Balsam, M. Mannes, L. Rosenbloom, L.

Sachs, I. Shapiro, M. Shapiro, A. Shoore, S. Valitsky, M. Zuckerman.LOCALS : California: San Francisco.—Connecticut: Hartford, New

Haven.—Illinois : Chicago.—Indiana : Indianapolis.—Maryland : Baltimore.—Massachusetts : Boston.—Michigan : Detroit.—Missouri: St. Louis.—New York : Albany, Brooklyn, New York City, 8, TJtica.—Ohio : Cleveland.—Pennsylvania : Philadelphia.—Rhode Island : Providence.—Wisconsin :Milwaukee.—Canada : Montreal, Que.; Toronto, Ont.

UNITED ORTHODOX RABBIS OF AMERICAOrg., Tammuz 24, 5662 (1902)

Tenth Annual Convention, July 11, 1912, Boston, Mass.Members, 120.OFFICERS : Hon. Pres., Bernard L. Levinthal, 716 Pine, Phila., Pa.;

Pres., S. E. Jaffe, 211 Henry, N. Y. C.; Hon. Vice-Pres., S. Wise, Bklyn.,N. Y.; Vice-Pres.. A. Alperstein, N. Y. C.: J. Grossman, Phila., Pa.; I.Isaacson, Bklyn., N. Y. ; Treas., D. Ginzberg, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Chairman ofCommittee to organize Jewish Congregations in the XL S., Bernard L.Levinthal.


Z B T FRATERNITYAlso now known as the Zeta Beta Tau, ranking as an Intercollegiate

Greek-letter fraternity, open to Jewish men.Org., 1898 ; inc., 1007. OFFICE : New York City

Thirteenth Annual Convention, Dec. 26-28, 1911, Hotel Astor, New YorkCity.

Members, 750.OFFICERS : Supreme Nasi (Pres.), Richard J. Gottheil, N. Y. C.; Vice-

Nasi (Vice-Pies.), Irving D. Rossheim, Phila., Pa.; Supreme Sophar (Sec),Sydney L. Goodman, 218 St. Johns PI., Bklyn., N. Y.; Supreme Gisbar(Treas.), Ralph Pappenheimer, Cincinnati, O.; Historian, Julian S. Water-man, Dumas, Ark.

CHAPTERS (in the order of their installation) at:- College of the Cityof New York (N. Y. C.) ; L.ng Island Medical College (Bklyn., N. Y.) ;Bellevue Medical College (N. Y. C.) ; Columbia University (N. Y. C.) ; NewYork University (N. Y. C.) ; University of Pennsylvania (Phila., Pa.) ; Cor-nell University (Ithaca, N. Y.) ; Boston University (Boston, Mass.) ; WesternReserve University (Cleveland, O.) ; Case School of Applied Science(Cleveland, O.) ; Tulane University (New Orleans, La.) ; Union University(Schenectady, N. Y.) ; Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn (Bklyn., N. Y.) ;Ohio State University (Columbus, O.) ; Massachusetts Institute of Tech-nology (Boston, Mass.) ; Syracuse University (Syracuse, N. Y.) ; LouisianaState University (Baton Rouge, La.) ; University of Illinois (Urbana, 111.).

GRADUATE CHAPTER: Zeta Beta Tau Club of New York (N. Y. C ) .

Colorado] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 247

NEW JEWISH LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THEUNITED STATES

The following list supplements the DIRECTORY or JEWISH LOCAL OR-GANIZATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES published in the AMERICAN JEWISHYEAR BOOK 5668 and the additions in those of 5669, 5670, 5671, and 5672.It enumerates the organizations that have come into existence betweenJuly 1, 1911, and June 30, 1912, and it includes also a few organizationsinadvertently omitted from the other lists. Juvenile organizations, be-cause of their ephemeral character, have been omitted.

The following abbreviations are employed: CEM. = Cemetery ; Co. = Con-gregation ; CHU. —Charity ; CL. = Club; COM. = Community ; EDtrc. = Educa-tional; M. B. = Mutual Benefit. An asterisk (*) indicates that completeinformation was not procurable.

ALABAMABESSEMER

EDDC. Hebrew Young Men's league, 1909% 2d Av. Sec, Nathan Green,Bessemer, Ala.

SHEFFIELDCo. B'nai Israel (Tri-Cities Congregation). Org., January, 1906. Sec,

Harry Spielberger. Auxiliary: Council of Jewish Ladies. Pres.,Mrs. H. Perry.

ARKANSASFORT SMITH

CHR. United Hebrew Charities Association. Org., May, 1911. Sec, SimonJoel, 215 N. 9th.

CALIFORNIALOS ANGELES

CHR. Jewish Orphans' Home of Southern California, Huntington Pk. Org.,January, 1909. Sec, Ludwig Baruch, 1407 Pleasant.

COM. *Agudath Hakehilloth. Sec, H. E. Jaffe.EDUC. Educational Alliance, 1061 W. Temple. Org., May, 1910. Sec,

D. M. Potter, Internat'l Bank Bldg.

SAN FRANCISCOCo. *Shaare Sholam, Chevra. Sec, R. Label.

Tilim, Chevra, Howard and Russ. Rabbi, J. Simmons.COM. *Hebrew Orthodox Community. Cg. Mekom Israel, Ahawath Achlm,

Chevra Tilim, B'nai David, and Anshe Sfard. Rabbi, Moses Rat-man.

COLORADODENVER

Co. Oheb Zadek, 26th and Downing. Sec, Abr. Grossner.

TRINIDAD. *Young Men's Hebrew Association,

248 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [Georgia

CONNECTICUTANSONIA

Co. "Congregation.

BRIDGEPORTCo. *Anshe Libawitz.EDUC. *Hebrew Educational Institute.

Young Hen's Hebrew Association, 129 Wall. Org., May, 1911. Sec,Harry Silverstone, 1010 B. Main.

COLCHESTERCG. Ahawath Achim Anshe Colchester, Lebanon Ay. Sec, Isidor Mintz.

Pischay Teshuwah, Chevra, Lebanon Av. Org., October, 1900. Sec,Aaron Kantrowitz. Rabbi, Joseph Siegel.

HARTFORDCHE. *Federated Jewish Charities. Sec, Louis Price.

Hebrew Ladies' Orphan Asylum Association, 18 Pleasant. Sec, Mrs.Mary Newman, 32 Village.

Young Hebrew Aid Society, 18 Pleasant. Sec, Abe Shulman, 11Bellvue.

EDUC. Hebrew Free School Association, 9-11 Pleasant. Sec, W. Beatman.

NEW HAVENCG. *Shura Torah, 67 York.

NEW LONDONEDUC. *Hebrew Free School.

STAMFORDEDUC. Hebrew Zion School, Broad St. Org., 1907. Sec, David Cohen, 29

Brown Av.

WATERBURYCon. "Council of United Hebrews. Sec, Ph. N. Bernstein.

WILLIMANTICCo. *Sons of Israel. Sec, Abr. Gluskin.

DISTRICT OP COLUMBIAWASHINGTON

EDUC. Washington Alliance of Jewish Women, 2733 Ontario Rd. Sec, Mrs.Milton Strasburger, 1844 Columbia Rd. Formerly WashingtonSection Council of Jewish Women.

GEOEGIASAVANNAH

EDUC. *Jewish Educational Alliance. Sec, George Lewin.

Louisiana] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 249

ILLINOISCHICAGO

CG. *Beth Jacob. Sec, M. Adler.BDCC. Chicago Association of Jewish Women, Sinai Centre. Sec, Mrs. H. I.

Davis, 5811 Calumet Av. Formerly Chicago Section Council ofJewish Women.

•Monteflore Hebrew School Association, Ashland Blvd. near W. 12th.People's Synagog Association, 624 S. Michigan Av. Sec, Mrs. N. A.

Reis, 4463 Berkeley Av.Young Men's Free Hebrew School Auxiliary, care of Ohave Sholem

Congregation. Sec, M. Z. Rabinowitz, 1543 W. Polk.'Young Men's Hebrew Association. Temp. Sec, Louis Kaufman.

DECATTTRCG. B'nai Abraham, Sec, Abr. Rosenthal.

ENGLEWOODCG. *B'nai Israel.

QUINCYEDDC. *Young Men'3 Hebrew Association.

INDIANAANDERSON

CG. First Hebrew Congregation of Ahawath Achim, 1316 Pearl. Sec,Louis Seligman, 1329 Pearl.

GARYCG. Beth El. Sec, M. Kallin, 914 Broadway. Auxiliary: Sisters of Beth

El. Pres., Mrs. Henry C. Price. Sunday School.•Kether Yisroel.

IOWADES KOINES

CG. *Shaare Zedek.CHR. Jewish Free Loan Society. Sec, I. H. Mendelsohn, care of R. Marks.

Jewish Settlement Association, 724 E. 5th. Org., 1907. Sec, JennieYounker, 1238 13th.

EDUC. Hebrew Literary Society, 720 E. 5th. Org., March, 1909. Sec, MaxCantor, 308% E. Walnut.

KANSASTOPEKA

Co. "Congregation. Rabbi, Louis Schreiber. Auxiliary: Hebrew School.

WICHITAEDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 607 E. Douglas Av. Sec, David

Alberstein, 227 S. Bstelle Av.

LOUISIANADONALDSONVILLE.

EDDC. *Hebrew School.NEW ORLEANS

M. B. *United Hebrew Progressive Association.

250 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [Massachusetts

MAINEBANGOR

CHR. *Hebrew Belief Association.

BATHCo. Ahawath Achim, 9 Franklin. Sec, Morris Pisezner. Reorganized.

PORTLANDCHR. *Home for Destitute Jewish Children.EDUC. *Young Women's Hebrew Association. Pres., Mrs. A. I. E. Matson.

MAEYLANDBALTIMORE

CG. *Haye Adam.EDDC. Baltimore Association of Jewish Women. Sec, Mrs. Sydney M. Cone,

2326 Eutaw Place. Formerly Balto. Sect. Council of JewishWomen.

Baltimore Branch of International Pro-Falasha Committee, care ofSonneborn & Co. Org., June, 1911.

•Kadimah Hebrew School, 743 Lexington.

MASSACHUSETTSEDDC. *Toungr Hen's Hebrew Associations of Massachusetts. Sec, A. B.

Klubock, Chelsea, Mass.

ATTLEBOROCo. •Congregation.

BOSTONCo. Brighton Hebrew Benevolent Association, 237 Market, Brighton. Sec,

Simon Wiseberg, 63 Fairbanks, Brighton. Auxiliary: Ladies'Auxiliary.

*Shas Hakloli Chevra.CHR. Beth Israel Hospital Association. Sec, I. Kronstein, 15 Court Sq.

Auxiliary: West End Ladies' Auxiliary, No. 2, Young Ladies'Auxiliary, Roxbnry Ladies' Auxiliary, Blue Hill Ladies' Auxiliary,Ind. W. E. Auxiliary.

•Jewish Children's Aid Society. Sec, Mrs. Alex. Rose.•Ladies' Free Burial Society of East Boston. Sec, Annette Kupsenel.•South End Ladies' Relief Association. Sec, Abr. S. Selya.•Wilner Ladies' Charitable Association. Sec, M. Apattof.

EDDC. *Brookline Hebrew Association. Sec, Edna F. Milgrom.East Boston Young Men's Hebrew Association, 163 Meridian. Sec,

Nathaniel E. Finklesteln. 142 Paris.•Greater Boston Hebrew Free School, Milton St.•South End Hebrew Institute. Supt., Max H. Newman.Young Women's Hebrew Association, Warren Club House. Sec,

Esther Berman.BROCKTON

OHE. *Hebrew Merchants' Association.CL. Young Men's Hebrew Athletic Association, 111-113 Arcade Bldg.

Sec, — Barger, 227 N. Main. Auxiliary: Young Women's HebrewAssociation. Sec, Mrs. Eva Swalsky.

EDUC. Jewish Commercial Club, 153 Main. Sec, Morris Shaplra, 9 Barris-ters' Hall.

Massachusetts] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 251

CAMBRIDGEEDDC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 238 Columbia. Sec, Maurice L.

Andelman, 33 Burleigh.

CHELSEACHE. Chelsea Aid Society (Malbish Arumim). Org., December, 1901. Sec,

Mrs. N. S. Albaum, 71 Clark Av. Auxiliary: Ladles' CharitableAssociation.

EDUC. "Hebrew Educational Institute, 86 Chestnut.

DOECHESTEECG. *Hadrash Kadish, 42-44 Lena Park.EDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 18 Greenwood. Org., October,

1910. Sec, Herbert P. Sloane, 18 Greenwood. Auxiliary: Juniors.

EAST SATJGUSCG. *Ahawath Sholom, Bristow St.

EVEEETTCG. *Tifereth Israel,

FALL EIVESCHE. 'Hebrew Free Loan Association,

GARDNERCG. "Congregation.

HAVERHILLEDUC. "Hebrew School. Sec, Morris Sadowitz.

LOWELLCHB. "Hebrew Ladies' Helping Hand Society. Pres., Mrs. I. Bernstein.

Ladies' Relief Society, 151 Howard. Sec, S. H. Rosenblatt.Gemilath Chassodim Ladies' Association, 153-4 Howard. Sec, S. H.

Rostler, Middlesex St."Hebrew School, 151-3 Howard.

EDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 158 Merrlmack. Sec, Max Gold-man, 183 Dutton.

LYNNCHE. "Isidor Straus Loan Association. Incorp., Louis Kimmel.COM. Associated Jewish Societies of Lynn, Church St. Synagogue. Sec,

Henry B. Harris, 47 Sheppard. Affiliated Societies: Hebrew Asso-ciated Charities, Young Men's Hebrew Association, Labor LeagueBranch 7, 47, Indep. Order B. A. Lynn City Lodge, Pride of LynnLodge No. 383, Independent Workingmen's Circle Arbeiter Ring,Branch 6, 68, United Hebrews of America Bay State Lodge, Benj.Franklin Lodge, B'rith Abraham Rising Star Lodge, No. 465,Hebrew Free School, Hebrew Benevolent Society, Cg. AhawathSholom, Working Men's Mutual Aid Association, Cg. Anshe SfardShalom, Cg. B'nai Jabor, Hebrew Ladies' Aid, Ladies' HelpingHand, Young Ladies' Club Minora, Young Men's Hebrew Aid Assn.

EDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, Sec, D. Haskell, Sheppard St.

MALDENCHB. Maiden Anti-Tuberculosis Society, 314 Salem. Org-., February, 1911.

Sec, Mrs. Samuel Soforenko, 380 Eastern Av.

MELROSECo. "Melrose Hebrew Association, Green St. Pres., Benj. Holmes.

252 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [Michigan

NEW BEDFORDCHR. 'Hebrew Free Loan Association.EDUC. 'Hebrew Educational League. Sec, Wm. Davidow, 6 Crape.

PITTSFIELDEDDC. *Hebrew Alliance, Robbing Av.

PLYMOUTHCG. 'Congregation, Pleasant St.

QTTINCYEDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 343 Water. Sec, Edw. Berman,

98 Franklin.

REVEREEDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 235 Sblrley Av. Sec, Julius

Aisner, 6 Belvidere Sq.

SALEMEDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, Cor. Front and Central. Prea., K.

Carmen, 213 Derby.

SOUTH FRAMINGHAMCo. 'United Hebrew Congregation.

TAUNTONCa. 'Congregation.EDUC. 'Young Men's Hebrew Association. Sec, Max Goldstein.

WAKEFIELDCG. 'Congregation.

WESTFIELDCG. Talmud Torah Chevra de Ahawath Achim An she Westfield, 34 Sommer.

Sec, Herman Freund, 172 Elm.

WORCESTERCHR. 'Hebrew Free Burial Society.CL. Henry Chadwick Club, 25 Providence. Sec, Sam'l Schriar, 45

Harrison.EDUC. 'Young Men's Hebrew Association. Sec, Harry L. Jackson.

MICHIGAN"CALUMET

CG. 'First Congregation of Israel, Front St.

DETROITCG. Mishkan Israel, St. Antonie, cor. Benton. Sec, Sam'l Fishman, 317

Watson.IRON RIVER

CHE. 'Jewish Ladies' Society.

MOUNT CLEMENSCo. Ahawath Sholom, South Av. and Queen. Sec, Sam'l Elklns.

New Hampshire] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 253

MINNESOTADULUTH

COM. *Duluth Hebrew Stock Farm. Association.EDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, cor. 3d Av., E., and 3d. Sec, A.

Rachlin, 425 E. 5th.

ST. PAULEDUC. *Sons of Israel Free School, 13th and Canada.

MISSOURIJOPLIN

CG. United Hebrew Congregation. Sec, Harry Epstein, 1324 West C.Rabbi, Alter Abelson, P. O. Box 170.

KANSAS CITYCo. *Beth Hamidrash Hagodol,CHE. *Moshab Zekenim (Home for Aged). Auxiliary. Sec, Rose Jacobson.

ST. JOSEPHCHR. The Federated Jewish Charities, 214 S. 6th. Sec, Mrs. Sam'l Block,

214 S. 6th. Affiliated: Jewish Charities Assn., Jewish Ladies'Benevolent Society, Jewish Ladies' Sick Benevolent Society, He-brew Ladies' Relief Society.

M. B. *St. Joseph Hebrew Tent Society.

ST. LOUISCo. Beth David, Belt and Easton Av. Org., 1906. Sec, Max Leidel, 5341

Ridge Av. Rabbi, A. Rosentreter, 4311 West Belle PI. Auxiliary:Ladies' Aid Society. Young Men's Aid Society.

Beth Israel, 1400 Carr. Sec, M. Goldstein, 2900 Thomas.Oheb Sholom. Sec, A. Schlesinger, 526 Victoria Bldg.

CHR. Noshim Bikur Cholim, 150 Wash. Sec, Mrs. Z. Rosenfeld, 1506Wash.

Noshim Rachmonioth, 4651 Cook Av. Org., 1907. Sec, Ethel Plan,4651 Cook Av.

EDUC. Jewish Women's League for Cultural Work in Palestine, 3906 DelmarAv. Org:., 1908. Sec, Mrs. E. Caro, 3906 Delmar Av.

Tifereth Zlon Hebrew Free School, 158 Carr. Sec, M. Appelbaum,2510 N. Vandeventer Av.

NEBRASKAOMAHA

EDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 18th and Farnam. Sec, IT.Monsky, Omaha National Bank Bldg.

NEW HAMPSHIREMANCHESTER

CG. *Anshe Sfard, Central St.CHR. *Hebrew Aid Society, Sec, Dr. C. Chirurg.

PORTSMOUTHCHR. Portsmouth Ladies' Hebrew Association. Sec, Mrs. Annie Cohen,

Atkinson St.

254 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [New Jersey

NEW JERSEYATLANTIC CITY

EDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, City Square Theatre Bldg. Sec,A. Henry Solomon, 136 S. Tennessee Av.

BAYONNECo. "B'nal Abraham. Rabbi, Solomon Golubowski.CHB. Beth Israel Hospital, Capital Hall, 22d St. Org., June, 1911. Sec,

Max Levy, 472 Av. C. Auxiliary: First Ladies' Auxiliary, Ladies'Guild, Young Folks' League.

•Hebrew Benevolent Society. Sec, R. Witkoff.

CAMDENCHE. Society of Dispensers of True Benevolence, 451 Kaighn Av. Org.,

January, 1807. Sec, Morris Berman, 1105 Marion.CL. Merchants' Progressive League, 451 Kaighn Av. Reorg., April, 1912.

Sec, Harris W. Watkins, 436 Kaighn Av.EDUC. Talmud Torah, 8th and Sycamore. Sec, Simon Herman, 1418 B'way.

ELIZABETHCo. *Anshe Sfard.CHR. United Hebrew Charity Organization, 408 Court. Sec, Sam'l M.

Jacobson, 171 4th.•Hebrew Sheltering Aid Society, Court St.

EDUC. *Hebrew Free School, Library Hall.Hebrew Free School and Institute, South Park and 7th. Sec, Sam'l

Koestler.M. B. 'Hebrew Sick Benefit Association.

HOBOKEKCL. 'Jewish Welfare Society of Hudson County.

HUDSON CITYEDUC. Talmud Torah, 100-102 Sherman Av. Sec, H. D. Cohen.

JERSEY CITYCOM. Hudson County League. Pres., Joseph E. Bernstein, Jersey City,

N. J.; Sec, Emil Weinheim, 271 Armstrong Av., Jersey City, N. J.EDUC. Hebrew School, 45 Cottage. Sec, Morris Ostrowitz.

Talmud Torah Yeshibath Eeneseth Israel, 345 3d.LAKEWOOD

EDUC. Talmud Torah, 325 7th, care of Lillian Court. Sec, C. Rau.NEW BRUNSWICK

Co. Ahawath Achim, Richmond St. Org., 1892. Sec, Wolf Levine, 58Hiram. Rabbi, I. Marcus. Auxiliary: Hebrew Benevolent AidSociety, Hebrew Ladies' Aid Society.

NEWARKCHE. ^Immigration Protective Association. Sec, — Friedland.CL. County Club. Sec, Arthur L. Phillips, 465 Prospect.EDUC. Hebrew Education Society, 225 Prince. Org., May, 1889. Sec,

Charles Elln, 69 Avon Av.M. B. *B'noth Israel K. U. V. Treas., Mrs. D. Landa.

•Czenstechower K, U. V., Erster. Pres., S. Silberstein.Subner Verein, Erster. Sec, M. Karasick, 51 Fairview Av.•Essex County Ladies' S. B. A. Pres., L. Jarushewsky.•Krackower Young Men's Association.•Lenetzer K. U. V., Independent. Pres., L. Yablonsky.•Teraspoler K. U. V. Sec, B. Beloff.Wolozisk K. U. V., Independent. Sec, N. Karasick, 51 Fairview Av.

New York] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 255

ORANGECG. Beth Israel, 339 Main. Rabbi, —• Applebaum, 350 Main. Sec, D. I.

Goldstein, 315 Park Av., East Orange, N. J.

PERTH AMBOYCL. *Spotswood Hebrew Association,EDUC. Hebrew Educational Alliance. Sec, Edw. L. Gliick, 329 Smith.

RAHWAYCo. Rahway Hebrew Congregation, 36 Main. Org., June, 1911. Sec,

Henry Litt, 115 Main. Kabbi, Louis Pish, 36 Main.

TRENTONCa. Ahawath Israel, Centre bet. Cass and Federal. Ore., January, 1911.

Sec, Peter Littman, 92 Lamberton. Auxiliary: Ladies' Auxiliary.

UNION HILLEDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association of North Hudson, 322 Franklin.

Org., December, 1909. Sec, S. M. Westheimer, 69 Palisade Av.,W. Hoboken.

NEW YOEKALBANY

Co. 'Talmud Torah. Pres., H. Cohen. Rabbi, R. T. Josephson, care ofTalmud Torah.

"United Brothers.M. B. *Albany Young People's Hebrew Benevolent Association, Ferry, cor.

Franklin. Org., October, 1908.AMSTERDAM

EDUC. *Young Men's Hebrew Association.BATAVIA

Co. *Shomrei Amoona.BATH BEACH

CHE. *Bath Beach Hebrew Free Loan Association. Sec, J. Josephs.BROOKLYN

Co. "Congregation (Williamsburg), 217th near White Plains Av. Sec,S. M. Kopschowsky. Auxiliary: Talmud Torah.

•Congregation, S. 5th and Marcy Av. Rabbi, Samuel Rabinowitz.Adath Jeshurun, 188 S. 1st. Sec, Nathan Braaf, 240 S. 1st. Auxil-

iary: Talmud Torah B'noth Jeshurun.Alliance of Israel, Anshe Brownsville, 492 Lockman. Sec, D. Alt-

shuler, 230 Christopher Av.Anshe Zedek, 528 Ralph Av. Org., November, 1909. Sec, Ab. W.

Slepian, 534 Ralph Av.Beth Emeth, Temple, of Flatbush, 854 Flatbush Av. Sec, Mayer

Yandorf, 522 E. 8th. Rabbi, S. J. Levinson, 671 E. 12th.Auxiliary: Sisterhood, Young Folk's League, Ladies' Society.

Crowning Glory of Israel, 934 Blake Av. Sec, I. Haft."Daughters and Sons of Jacob, 1450 51stHebrew Congregation of the Deaf, Putnam near Reid. Sec, M.

Auerbach, 1889 J, South Brooklyn. Rabbi, B. A. Elzas.Shaare Tefilah, 152 Bay 14th. Org., June, 1910. Sec, J. Jaffe, 8796

Bay 21st. Rabbi, J. Jaffe, 8796 Bay 21st. School: Talmud Torah.Tifereth Israel of Brooklyn. Sec. H. Abelow, 74 Sumner Av.Tilim of Brownsville, Chevra, 256 Thatford Av. Org., May, 1891.

Sec, Herman Gumanoff, 436 Sackman. Rabbi, Solomon Shapiro,210 Christopher Av.

17

256 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [New York

BROOKLYN (continued)CHR. *B'noth Israel Malbush Arumim. Sec, Mrs. Shapiro.

Brooklyn Jewish Committee on the Prevention of Tuberculosis, 69Schermerhorn. Sec, L. Klein, 334 Stone AT.

'Brooklyn Ladies' Hebrew Sheltering Society.Gemilath Chassodim (Free Loan) Association of Brownsville, Watkins

and Pitkin Av. Org., January, 1902. Sec, S. J. Heyman, 137Hinsdale.

•Hebrew Aid Society of the Eastern District. Sec, Celia Shefsky.'Ida Straus Bikur Cholim Society.•Jewish Maternity Hospital. Sec, — Goldstein.Ladies' Aid and Free Burial Society of East New York, 363 Penn-

sylvania Av. Org., February, 1906. Sec, Nahum Edelman, 352Alabama Av.

Ladies' Aid Society of Brownsville. Sec, — Tabatchnikoff.CL. Young Business Men's Society of Bay Ridge, 5304 5th Av. Sec,

Julius H. Kory, 368 50th.EDUC. *East New York Talmud Torah. Hon. Sec, M. Droyzen. Auxiliary:

Young Folks' League.Hebrew Educational Alliance of Greenpoint, 953-961 Manhattan Av.

Sec, M. Gramet, 971 Manhattan Av. Ladies' and Young Folks'Auxiliaries.

Machzike Talmud Torah (Borough Park), 4019 13th Av. Org.,December, 1908. Sec, H. I. Barnett, 132 Nassau. Ladies' Aux-iliary.

Yeshiba of Brownsville, 1-3 Chester, Eastern Parkway and ProspectPlace. Pres., A. Lesser.

•Young Men's Hebrew Association, Richmond Hill. Sec, M. Jacobi.•Young Men's Hebrew Association of Bayside. Sec, S. Wachsman.•Young Men's Hebrew Association, Borough Park. Sec, J. Greenberg.

M. B. Chernigoff Progressive and Benevolent Society. Sec, Samuel Meyer,464 Rockaway Av.

•East New York Aid Society.•Free Aid Association, Independent.•Hebrew Benevolent Society, 259 S. 5th.•Independent Young Men's Benevolent Association, 325 Sackman.•Lodiziener Aid Society, First.•Metz Priluker Ladies' Aid Society.•South Brooklyn Ladies' Benevolent Society.•West End Sick Relief Society.•Zvanetzer Podoler Aid Society,

BUFFALOCo. *Beth Achim, 851 Fillmore Av. Rabbi, Isaac Slick.CHE. Buffalo Hebrew Orphan Asylum Association. Sec, Gustave Benjamin,

775 Elmwood Av.

CONEY ISLANDEDUC. Seagate Sisterhood, Stauch Assembly Rooms. Sec, Mrs. Josephine

Urbach, 2932 W. 17th.Young Men's Hebrew Association, Ocean Parkway. Sec, Abraham

Marker, Ocean Parkway.

FAR ROCKAWAYCo. Shaare Teflllah, Mott Av. Sec, Cecil B. Ruskay, Chandler Av.

Rabbi, B. A. Lichter, Cipson PI. Auxiliary: Sisterhood.

FERNDALEEDUC. *Hebrew Free School.


GLEN COVECo. •Congregation.

GLEN FALLSCo. *Beth Israel Jewish Society of Glen Falls, 51 Park.

GLOVERSVILLECG. "Hebrew Orthodox Association, Masonic Hall. Formerly Agudas

Achim.MAMARONECK

M. B. *Mamaroneck Social and Aid Society.

MONTICELLOCHE. *Hebrew Masonic Home for Incurables.

MOUNT VERNONEDUC. Mount Vernon Hebrew School, S. 9th Av. and W. 3d. Sec, David E.

Hurwitz, 99 Nassau, N. Y. C.

NEW YORK CITYFor additional New York Societies see " Jewish Communal Directory of

Greater New York," published by The Jewish Community of New York City,1911, 356 Second Av.CG. Adath Israel Kohol, 241 E. 14th. Sec, O. Polinsky, 329 B. 15th.

Rabbi N. Wolf, 241 E. 14th. Auxiliary: Young Israel Club, 241E. 14th.

•Anshe Baloysk, Chevra, 184 Henry.*Babroyska, Chevra, 260 Cherry.•B'nai Nathan Felder, 67 Pitt.*Chasam Sofer, 10 Clinton.*Chaside Libawitz, 169 Henry.•Kaduscha B'nai Rappaport (Chevra), 207 E. 7th.Sinai Congregation of the Bronx. Sec, Samuel Schwartzberg, 757 E.

175th. Rabbi, Max Reichler, 1012 Simpson. Auxiliary: SinaiSisterhood, Temple Club, Sinai Literary Circle, Sinai Story Circle,Sinai A. C.

Young Hen's Hebrew Association, 148 E. 92d. Sec, Edgar Brom-berger, 35 Nassau. Rabbis, Mordecai M. Kaplan and Judah LeonMagnes. Affiliated with Y. M. H. A.

CHR. Austrian Orthodox Hebrew Orphan Asylum Association, 65 Pitt. Sec,Chas. A. Laxer.

•Hadasaah Aid Society of Harlem.•Harlem Relief Aid Association.'Immediate Help Association of the Bronx.*Ruben Benevolent and Charitable Society. Auxiliary: Ladies' Aux-

iliary. Sec, Miss H. Loria.Sisterhood of Social Workers, 138 E. 101st. Org., November, 1908.

Sec, Birdie Wile, 138 E. 95th.Society for the Welfare of the Jewish Deaf, 356 2d Av. Sec, Rev. Dr.

B. A. Elzas, 575 West 159th. Auxiliary: Ladies' Aid Society.Waszkontz Bukowiner Sick and Benevolent Society, First, 192 Allen.

Org., June, 1903. Sec, Max Wiznitzer, 184 Forsyth.CL. Jewish Young Men's League, 132 E. 111th. Org., May, 1911. Sec,

Reuben Richman, 201 W. 121st.Yiddish Writers' Club, 180 Henry. Sec, B. Shelvin, 1705 Bathgate

Av.

258 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [New York

NEW YORK CITY (continued)COM. Federation of the Oriental Jews of America. 3r>6 2d Av. Org., April,

1912. Delegates, 56. Pres., Joseph Gedalecia, 356 2d Av. Sec, A.J. Amato, 465 Vanderbllt Av. Constituent Societies: AgudathAchirn of Oriental Sephardim, Agudath Achlm of Rhodes, OhiEzer of Damascus, Abavatb Vehavath Junina. Chesed Va-Emeth of Casterio, Etz Chaim of Salonique, Good Hope Society ofSons of Israel, Haim Va-Hesed Gulipoli, Mekor Chaim Dardanelles,Oriental Progressive Society, Peace and Brotherhood of Monastir,Rodfe Sholom of Aleppo, Shearith Israel Meturkia, Union and PeaceSociety.

EDUC. Cantors' Seminary of America, 123 Second Av. Sec, Bernhard Stein-berg, 110 W. 111th.

Daughters of the Covenant Sisterhood, Washington Heights. Sec,Mrs. D. I. Frey, 556 W. 116th. Junior League.

Downtown Hebrew Institute. Sec, Dr. J. Braun. 219 E. 12th.Jewish Volks' Schule, 165 E. B'way. Sec, Joseph Sugarman.Talmudic Institution of Harlem, 56 W. 114th. Sec, Mayer Katz,

56 W. 114th. Auxiliary: Ladies' Auxiliary.Union of Hebrew Teachers of Greater New York and Vicinity, 571 E.

141st. Org., December, 1910. Sec, S. Heller, care of Fleishman,571 E. 141st.

*Yorkville Talmud Torah, 123-125 E. 85th.Zion Institute of the Bronx, 1426 Crotona Av. Sec, Abr. Rose, 670

E. 170th.M. B. Adolf Moskowitz Association. Sec, Herman Mahler, 168 Ridge.

•Anstiler Aid Society, First.Beer Schewa Benevolent Society, 473 E. 139th. Org., 1865. Sec,

Max Taterka, 473 E. 139th.*Belotzerkauer Young Men's Aid Society, Independent.Bohorodczaner Sick and Benevolent Society, First. Sec, Isaac Fischler,

139 Suffolk.*Brzezaner Ladies' Sick Benevolent Society, First,Buczacer K. U. V., Independent, 328 E. Houston. Sec, L. Lindner,

229 E. 3d.Chasnek Bieshenkovicher Verein, 49 Henry. Sec, L. Mintz.•Concord Sick and Benevolent Society.•Costempoler Voliener Young Men's Benevolent Association.•Dolinaer Sick and Benevolent Society.•Dora Lipskowitz Voluntary Aid Society.•Families Aid Society, First Independent.Glinianer Sick and Benevolent Society, First Independent, 122 Co-

lumbia. Org., December, 1902. Sec, Alter Shapira, 82 Sheriff.Govorover Young Men's Benevolent Association. Sec, Jacob Bressler,

165 Broome.•Great Jusefow Benevolent Association, First.•Grodziskoer Sisters' and Brothers' Benevolent Society, First.Gudliver TT. V. Pres., O. Levin, 206 Bedford Av., Bklyn.•Harlem Kurlander Young Men's Aid Society.•Horodoker Benevolent Circle.•Jacob Kafka Sick and Benevolent Society.Jasloer Young Men's K, U. V., 90-92 Columbia. Org., June, 1911.

Sec, H. Beck, 90-92 Columbia.Kieltzer Sick and Benevolent Society of Russian Poland, 73 Ridge.

Org., January. 1905. Sec. M. Shapiro, 138 Av. D.Krementshuger Benevolent Association, First, 79 Forsyth. Sec, L.

Brenden, 334 E. 8th.•Kreshower K. XT. V., Independent, 92 Columbia. Org., September,

1908.•Knrlander Brueder Verein. Orp;., 1886. SPC, Julius Braun.Kushoner Young Men's Benevolent Association, 195 Chrystie. Sec, N.

Block. 164 Henry.lieder Sisters' Benevolent Society, 70-81 Forsyth. Org., December,

1910. Sec, Isaac Lttowitz, 40 Eldridge.


NEW YORK CITY (continued)•Lubiner Progressive Benevolent Association, First.Luner Wolper Society, 162 Madison. Sec, Joseph Levine, 46 Rutgers.Machnowka Aid Association, 90-96 Clinton. Sec, Wm. Weisberg, 12

Pike. Affiliated: Anshe B'nai Macknowka.*Max Rothbart Benevolent Association.Mutual Friends' Aid Society. Sec, Adolph Feidman, 159 Stanton.*New York Coat Pressers Benevolent Association.•Odesser Relief Fund Association, First.*01d Konstantiner Slobodanir Sisters' and Brothers' Aid Society.*Oledzycer Aid Society of the Borough of Manhattan, City of New

York, First, 125 Rlvington.•Ostrower Young Men's Benevolent Association.Piltzer Benevolent Association, First, 140 2d Av. Org., May, 1911.

Sec, S. Joselstein, 1231 Stebbins Av.*Pokotilover Benevolent Association.*Prager Warschauer Young Men's Aid Society.•Progressive Mishnitzer Young Men's.Pubner-Potchaever Progressive Association, 96 Clinton. Sec, Joseph

Altman, 561 Bushwick Av., Bklyn., N. Y.Royal Benevolent Association, 83-85 Forsyth. Sec, Hyman Leubovitz,

126 E. 2d.Ruhischower Sick and Benevolent Society, First, 8-10 Av. D. Org.,

January, 1905. Sec. B. Shapiro, 101 Willett.Rymalover Young Men's and Young Ladies' Benevolent Association.

Sec, Meyer J. Katz, 122 Rivington.*Sapetkiner Young Men's Benevolent Association.*Shopler Ladies' Independent Aid Society,•Shuntzker Ladies' Aid Society, Independent.*Slavitlcher and Bomatschaver Sick and Benevolent Association, First

Independent.Smargoner Benevolent Society, 177 B. Bway. Org., September, 1903.

Sec, Meyer Edelson, 404 Madison.*Sons of Israel of Harlem.•Source of Life Benevolent Society.*Stopnicer Young Men's Support and Benevolent Association.•Swanitzer-Podolier Sick and Benevolent Society.•Szobranczer Sick and Aid Association, First.•True Sisters of Harlem Benevolent Society. Org., January, 1912.

Sec, M. Goldstein, 156 B. 107th.•United Brotherhood Aid Society.•United True Sisters' and Brothers' Educational and Benevolent So-

ciety.•Uscie Zilonie Sick and Benevolent Association, First.•Yednabner Young Benevolent Aid Association.Young Men of Odessa. Sec, Jacob Brooks, 714 E. 5th.Yunover Young Men's Benevolent Association, 8-10 Av. D. Org.,

April, 1906. Sec, Dave Hainarek, 118 Columbia.•Zelver Benevolent Association.Zhitomier Young Men's Benevolent Association. Pres., N. Friedman,

549% Kosciusko, Bklyn., N. Y.

OSWEGOCG. *Adath Israel.

PORT RICHMONDCHE. Hebrew Ladies' Aid Society, 6th Av., New Brighton, S. I. Org.,

June, 1911. Sec, Mrs. M. Rosenholtz, 4 Fiedler's Park, Tompkins-ville, S. I.

P0UGHKEEPSIECa. *Congregation.

260 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [Ohio

ROCHESTERCHR. *Hebrew Ladies' Benevolent Association of Eastern District. Sec,

Mrs. Florence Abrams.CL. *Hebrew Literary Society. Sec, J. Silversteln.COM. Federation of Jewish Organizations (Kehillah). Org., May, 1911.

Sec, Samuel J. Hoffman, 752 North.M. B. *Warshawer Young Men's Society of Rochester.

ROCKAWAY BEACHEDUC. *Young Women's Hebrew Association. Sec, Mabel Bain.

SCHENECTADYEDUC. *Young Men's Hebrew Association.

SYRACUSECo. Tifereth Israel, 727 S. State. Sec, Joseph Rubin, 407 Cedar. Rabbi,

M. Zisldnd, 216 Monroe.'Palestine Industrial Alliance.

CL. Men's Club, E. Genesee. Sec, A. Rubenstein.COM. "Jewish Council of Men.

TARRYTOWNEDDC. Tarrytown Hebrew School. Sec, H. Kadish, Cortland St., N.

TTTICAEDUC. Modern Hebrew School, 205 Whitesboro. Sec, Israel Herman, 201

Whitesboro. Supt., Rabbi Louis J. Haas, 26 Washington. Aux-iliary: Ladies', Young Folk's Auxiliary.

WHITE PLAINSCG. *Temple Israel. Rabbi, N. M. Taxon, care of Temple Israel.

YONKERSCL. Criterion Club of Yonkers, Frospect House. Org., August, 1910.

Sec, Albert Mendelson, 42 Prospect.EDUC. *Young Men's Hebrew Association.

NORTH CAROLINAWILMINGTON

EDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, P. O. Box 833, 109 Princess. Sec,J. Dlugin, 713 N. 4th.

OHIOAKRON

CG. "Congregation.ALLIANCE

CG. *Anshe Sholom. Sec, M. Segall.COM. 'Alliance Jewish Cemetery Association. Auxiliary: Ladies' Jewish

Aid Society.CINCINNATI

CL. Young Women's Business Club, 415 Clinton. Sec, Belle Kluber, 635W. 7th Av.

Pennsylvania] LOCAL. ORGANIZATIONS 261

CLEVELANDCHR. Hebrew Social Aid Society. Sec, Sol. Traub.

Instant Aid Society, 5912 Scovill Av. Sec, Miss Fink, Phoenix Blk.•Jewish Ladies' Galician Society. Sec, — Brown.

CL. Culver Social and Athletic Club, 4931 Stranwood Court. Sec, HarryShaeffer, 2673 E. 53d.

COM. "Jewish Sabbath Association. Sec, M. E. Katz.

COLUMBUSCHR. "Hebrew Free Loan Association.

MASSILLONCG. B'nai Abraham, 407 W. Main. Sec, Joseph Hock, 407 W. Main.

TOLEDOEDUC. Jewish Educational League, cor. Southard and Linwood. Sec, M. R.

Conn, 24 W. Delaware.*Young Ken's Hebrew Society.

YOUNGSTOWNEDUC. *Jewish Educational League.

Young Men's Hebrew Association, 147 W. Federal. Sec, L. J. Shul-man, 502 Mahoning Bank Bldg.

Youngstown Association of Jewish Women, 239 Custer Av. Sec,Nettye D. Rosenbaum, 239 Custer Av. Formerly YoungstownSection Council of Jewish Women.

ZANESVILLECG. B'nai Abraham, N. 6th St. Org., 1872. Sec, H. Yarner, N. 7th.

Rabbi, H. Rosenberg, 838 Elm.

OKLAHOMAMUSKOGEE

Co. *Congregation.

PENNSYLVANIAALLENTOWN

EDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 605 Hamilton. Sec, Jacob Galomb,605 Hamilton.

BLOSSBURGCo. 'Congregation.

DU BOISCG. House of Israel. Org., June, 1911. Sec, M. Kroll. Rabbi, B. Levine.

GREENSBURGEDUC. Jewish Ladies' Aid Society, Odd Fellows Hall, Main St. Sec, Rosaline

Silverman, 133 Joe.

HOMESTEADCG. *Homestead Hebrew Congregation.

LANCASTEREDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, 51-53 W. King. Sec, Frank J.

Yaffe, 307 Green. Ladies' Auxiliary.

262 AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK [Texas

PHILADELPHIACG. Xeneseth Israel Anshe S'fard, 984 N. Marshall. Org., October, 1908.

Sec, N. Shechter, 1417 N. 8th. Ladles' Auxiliary Society.Tifereth Israel of Parkside (formerly Anshe Tifereth Israel and

Parkside), 4035 Girard Av. l'res., Adolph Wachs.CHR. Alliance of Jewish Charities. Sec, Joseph Herbach, 1228 Cherry.

(Hebrew Orphans' Home and Hebrew Sheltering Home.)•Women's Hebrew Benevolent Society. Sec, Mrs. M. E. Mitchell.

EDUC. Beth Israel Brotherhood, 32d and Montgomery Av. Sec, Isidor Gross-man, 1915 E. Dauphin.

PITTSBURGCa. Machzike Hadas, Wylie Av. and Granvllle. Sec, Benj. Passberg.

Tiphereth Israel, cor. Fullerton and Clark. Sec, J. M. Rogalsky, 142Pullerton. Rabbi, A. W. Kochin, 1226 Colwell.

CHR. Federation of the Jewish Philanthropies of Pittsburg, 602 Wash-ington Trust Co. Sec, Minnie Affelder, 602 Washington Trust Co.Federated: Montefiore Hospital Association, Irene Kaufman Settle-ment, J. M. Gusky Hebrew Orphanage and Home, United HebrewRelief Association, House of Shelter, Emma Farm Association,Jewish Home for the Aged, Council of Jewish Women, HebrewFree Loan Association, Nat'l Farm School, Jewish ConsumptivesRelief Society. Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society,Nat'l Jewish Hospital for Consumptives.

Hebrew Free Loan Association, 1307 Wylie Av. Org., November, 1902.Sec, Victor Kedev, 1401 Colwell.

EDUC. Young Women's Hebrew Association, 218 Croft Av. Sec, Sadie Grin-burg, 7227 Kentucky Av., E. E.

SHAMOKINEDUC. 'Hebrew Free School,

SOUTH BETHLEHEMEDUC. Young Men's Hebrew Association, Org., April, 1911. Sec, Lewis

Schiffreen, E. 3d.

RHODE INLANDPROVIDENCE

CHR. Ladies' Union Aid Home for the Aged, 161 Orms. Sec, Mrs. M.Lippman, 37 Benefit.

EDUC. Hebrew Adelphian Association, 124 N. Main. Org., February, 1911.Sec, Max Mistousky, 570 N. Main.

Young Men's Hebrew Association, 230 Westminster. Sec, SaulAbramovitz, 220 Chalkston Av.

M. B. Outlet Employees' Beneficial Association, Org., January, 1901. Sec,M. L. Buibank, care of Outlet Co.

Co. *B'nai Sholem.

SOUTH CAROLINAGREENVILLE

TEXASDALLAS

CHR. Federated Jewish Charities of Dallas, Tex., 1412% Commerce. Org..May, 1911. Sec, A. L. Neiman, care of Nelman-Marcus Co. LadiesAuxiliary. Affiliated: Men's Hebrew Benevolent Society, Ladies'Hebrew Benevolent Association, Orthodox Ladies' Hebrew Benevo-lent Association, Hebrew Sheltering and Aid Society.

Philippine Islands] LOCAL ORGANIZATIONS 263

FORT WORTHEDUC. Hebrew Institute of Fort Worth, 821 Taylor. Sec, L. P. Shanblum,

409 Peter Smith.GALVESTON

CG. Bikur Cholim, 27th and Av. I. Org., 1905. Sec, W. Rauch, 3314Av. H.

EDUC. Temple Literary Society, 22d and Av. I. Org., 1888. Sec, SadieBlock, 22d and Av. M.

PORT ARTHURCHR. "Hebrew Ladies' Benevolent Society.EDUC. "Sabbath School. Sec, Simon Cohn.

SAN ANTONIOCHB. Hebrew Ladies' Relief Society, 304 Warren. Sec, Mrs. S. Brown,

218 Upson.EDUC. "Hebrew Institute,

UTAHCLARION

M. B. Jewish Agricultural and Colonial Association, Clarion, via Gunnison.Org., January, 1910. Sec, Bernard Horowitz, Clarion, via Gun-nison.

VIRGINIAMARTINSBURG

CG. "Congregation.

WASHINGTON

Ct. Progress, 1st Av. bet. Jefferson and Adams. Sec, Julius Asheim,303 S. Adams.

EDUC. Spokane Free Hebrew School and Educational Alliance, Temple EmanuEl. Sec, Abr. I. Vilkomlrson, 217 Mohawk Blk.

WISCONSINMILWAUKEE

CHR. "Hebrew American Benevolent Association.Ladies' Sanitary and Benevolent Association. Sec, Mrs. S. M.

Markson, 479 12th.RACINE

CHE. *Racine Jewish Ladies' Aid Society. Sec, Mrs. David Winters.

PHILIPPINE ISLANDSMANILA

Co. *Beth Israel Temple Emanuel. Sec, G. P. Schlachter.


JEWISH STATISTICSThe statistics of Jews in the world rest largely upon estimates.

In Russia, Austria-Hungary, Germany, and a few other countries,official figures are obtainable. In the main, however, the num-bers given are based upon estimates repeated and added to byone statistical authority after another.

For the statistics given below various authorities have beenconsulted, among them the " Statesman's Year Book" for 1912,the English " Jewish Year Book " for 5672-73, " The Jewish Ency-clopedia," Judische Statistik, and the Alliance Israelite Uni-verselle reports.

THE UNITED STATESESTIMATES

As the census of the United States has, in accordance with thespirit of American institutions, taken no heed of the religiousconvictions of American citizens, whether native-born or natural-ized, all statements concerning the number of Jews living in thiscountry are based upon estimates.

The Jewish population was estimated—In 1818 by Mordecai M. Noah at 3,000In 1824 by Solomon Etting at 6,000In 1826 by Isaac C. Harby at 6,000In 1840 by the American Almanac at 15,000In 1848 by M. A. Berk at 50,000In 1880 by Wm. B. Hackenburg at 230,257In 1888 by Isaac Markens at 400,000In 1897 by David Sulzberger at 937,800In 1905 by " The Jewish Encyclopedia " a t 1,508,435In 1907 by " The American Jewish Year Book"

at 1,777,185In 1910 by " The American Jewish Year Book "

at 2,044,762

DISTRIBUTIONThe following table by States presents two sets of estimates.

In the left-hand column is given the estimated Jewish populationof each State for 1905 as it appears in the " Jewish Encyclopedia,"Vol. XII, pp. 371-374, in the article "United States." In theright-hand column are the estimates made up from figures fur-nished by correspondents who interested themselves in theDlRECTOBT OF JEWISH ORGANIZATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES COm-piled for the AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK, 5668 (p. 432).


STATES

Eit. Jew. Pop.1905

"The Jewish EncyclopedieVol. XII. pp. 371-37*

Article "United Stales"

AlabamaAlaskaArizonaArkansasCaliforniaColoradoConnecticutDelawareDistrict of Columbia.FloridaGeorgiaHawaiian IslandsIdahoIllinoisIndianaIowaKansasKentuckyLouisianaMaineMarylandMassachusettsMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNebraskaNevadaNew HampshireNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaNorth DakotaOhioOklahomaOregonPennsylvaniaPhilippine Islands....Porto RicoRhode IslandSouth CarolinaSouth DakotaTennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWest VirginiaWisconsinWyoming

7,000

Est. Jew. Pop.1907

i Compiled from statements ofindividual correspondents of the

AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

7,000

3,08528,0005,8008,5001,5003,5003,0007,000100300

100,00025,0005.0003,00012,00012.0005,00026,50060,00016,00013,0003,00050,0002,5003,800300

1,00040,000

800820,0006,000

50,000

6,000115,000

1,5002,500250

7,00017,5001,000700

15,0002,8001,500

15,000

1,508,435

5003,085

42,0006,50022,0001,6005,1003,0009,300100300

110,00012,0006,0001,500

10,00012,0005,000

41,00090,00016,00013,0003,30052,0001,5006,500300

1,00070,000

800905,0001,5001,00085,0001,0006,000

' 150,000100100

12,0002,500300

10,00016,0001,0001,000

10,0005,5001,50015,000

300177777185

The Industrial Removal Office made an estimate in 1910 of theJewish population in fifty cities as follows: Akron, O., 1,400;Atlanta, Ga., 4,200; Augusta, Ga., 600; Buffalo, N. Y., 14,000;Canton, O., 1,000; Charleston, S. C, 1,500; Chattanooga, Tenn.,600; Chester, Pa., 500; Cincinnati, O., 28,000; Cleveland, O., 45,-000; Colorado Springs, Colo., 400; Columbus, O., 4,200; Daven-


port, la., 350; Dayton, 0., 3,500; Denver, Colo., 8,000; Des Moines,la., 3,500; Detroit, Mich., 14,000; Erie, Pa., 600; Evansville, Ind.,900; Fort Wayne, Ind., 500; Grand Rapids, Mich., 400; Harris-burg, Pa., 1,700; Indianapolis, Ind., 7,000; Jacksonville, Fla.,1,000; Joplin, Mo., 175; Kalamazoo, Mich., 400; Kansas City, Mo.,8,000; La Crosse, Wis., 200; Leavenworth, Kan., 400; Lincoln,Neb., 1,000; Lynchburg, Va., 250; Madison, Wis., 200; Minne-apolis, Minn., 6,500; Montgomery, Ala., 1,500; Norfolk, Va., 3,200;Omaha, Neb., 6,500; Portland, Ore., 5,500; Quincy, 111., 150;Rochester, N. Y., 12,000; St. Joseph, Mo., 2,500; St. Louis, Mo.,45,000; Salt Lake City, Utah, 900; San Francisco, Calif., 30,000;Seattle, Wash., 4,500; Sioux City, la., 1,200; Spokane, Wash., 1,400;Syracuse, N. Y., 9,000; Toledo, O., 3,500; Topeka, Kan., 225;Zanesville, O., 250; total, 287.100.1

This shows an increase of 37,220 over the figures for the samecities given in the AMERICAN JEWISH YEAE BOOK for 5668, or notquite 15 per cent. On this basis the Jewish population of thewhole of the United States should have increased, since the lastestimate, made in 1907, from 1,777,185 to 2,044,762.

IMMIGRATION

The total Jewish immigration to the United States, through thethree ports of entry, New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, from1881 to June 30, 1912, is stated to have been 1,632,399.2

The immigration through the four principal ports from July 1,1911, to June 30, 1912, was as follows:

July..Aug..Sept..Oct...Nov..Dec...•Tan...Feb...Mch..Apt...May..June .Totals

Aus-trlaos

. 921

. 844

. 984

. 52)

.1,132.1,278. 664

..1,103. 662. 274.1,088

.. 916

10,386

Port of Ne

Rou-manians

13218411471

1231491027892559188

1,277

Rus-sians4,7894,2736,0332,2213,7334,8982,7202,6492,7121,4192,8204,445

41,612

w York

Others712717962644498361470163593425723595

6,763

Totuls atNew York

6,6546,0187,0933,3576,4866,6863,9563,8914,0592,1734,7226,043

60,038

Port ofPhila-delphiaTotals1,083

814805628823853624365649176673681

8,173

Port ofBalti-more

Totals416378

1,146207318380246226318214409366

4,653

BORtOUTotals

1821612251892677216

10116380

277267

1,990

Totalsfor four

Ports8,2367,3719,2694,3816,9147,9914,8424,6826,1892,6426,0817,357

74,864

TotalventralImmi-gration61,73760,11062,59969,41861,76661,62638,46345,38091,18599,839

113,63592,425

838,172

•We are indebted to Mr. David M. Bressler, General Manager of theIndustrial Removal Office, for the figures of the population of the citiesgiven above.2 We are indebted to the Baron de Hirsch Fund and the Hebrew Shelteringand Immigrant Aid Society for the figures by ports of entry.

To the totals given above should be added 1,439, the number whoarrived at Galveston, and 4,312, the number who arrived at otherports, making a total Jewish immigration of 80,605 out of a totalgeneral immigration of 838,172.


For the year 1910-11, the Jewish immigration was: New York,68,256; Philadelphia, 10,798; Baltimore, 7,225; Boston, 2,319; otherports, 2,625; total, 91,223. From this number should be deducted6,401 emigrating alien Jews recorded, and a considerable numbernot recorded. Thus the total increase of the Jewish population byimmigration for the year 1910-11 was less than 84,822.

For the year 1911-12, the total Jewish immigration was 80,605.From this number should be deducted 7,418 emigrating alien Jewsrecorded, and a considerable number not recorded. Thus the totalincrease of the Jewish population by immigration for the year 1911-12 was less than 73,187, or 11,635 less than the previous year.

THE BRITISH EMPIREBritish Isles 244,697 South Africa 50,000Australasia 17,106 Gibraltar 1,300Canada and British Co- Aden 3,500

lumbia 95,500 Cyprus and Malta 170Trinidad and Barbados. 50 Hong Kong and StraitsJamaica 2,000 Settlements 680India 18,226 Total 433,229

GENERAL JEWISH STATISTICSUnited States 2,044,762 Luxembourg 1,200British Empire 433,229 Mexico 9,872Abyssinia (Falashas) 6,500 Morocco 109.712Argentine Republic. . 45,000 Norway 642Austria-Hungary1 ... 2,088,228 Persia 29,500Belgium 15,000 Peru 498Brazil 3,000 Portugal 2,500Bulgaria 37,653 Roumania 215,900China and Japan 2,143 Russia3 6,243,712Costa Rica 43 Servia 5,729Cuba 4,000 Spain 2,500Denmark 3,476 Sweden 3,912France 100,000 Switzerland 19,007

Algeria 65,000 Turkey5 463,686Tunis 62,500 Egypt 50,000

Germany * 607,862 Tripoli 18,860Greece 8,350 Crete 1,150Holland s 106,409 Turkestan and Af-

Curasoa 1,000 ghanistan 18,135Surinam 1,158 Venezuela 411

Italy * 35,617 Total .12,867,8561851,378 in Hungary, 11,850 in Bosnia and Herzegovina (1911), and 872,976 in

Galicia (1910).2 409,501 in Prussia.3 Census of 1909.* The Jewish Chronicle, London, November 25,1910, puts the'JewistTpopu-

lation of Italy at 160,000, but the Jewish Statistical Bureau of Berlin estimatesthe number as given above.6 78,000 in Palestine.


A LIST OF JEWISH PEKIODICALSAPPEARING IN THE UNITED STATES

JULY 1, 1911, TO JUNE 30, 1912

[An asterisk (*) placed before the name of a periodical in thefollowing list indicates that the Editor of the AMERICAN JEWISHYEAR BOOK has not been able to secure a copy of the publicationissued during 5672, or authentic information about it. Its appear-ance in this list is justified by references to it in other periodi-cals.]

AMERICAN CITIZEN. English. Monthly. New York City. Firstissue July, 1912.

THE AMERICAN HEBREW AND JEWISH MESSENGER. Weekly. NewYork. Est. 1879.

T H E AMERICAN ISRAELITE. Weekly. Cincinnati, 0. Est. 1854.See also THE CHICAGO ISRAELITE.

DER AMEHIKANER. Yiddish. Weekly. New York. Est. 1904.ARGUS. Monthly. Scranton, Pa. First issue November, 1910.

Organ Young Men's Hebrew Association.THE ARK. Monthly. Cincinnati, 0. First issue November 24, 1911.

Formerly " Young Israel."ATHENEUM. Semi-monthly. New Orleans, La. Est. 1903 as YOUNG

MEN'S HEBREW ASSOCIATION MAGAZINE.Organ of Young Men's Hebrew Association, New Orleans, La.

*BETH E L TIDINGS.Published by West Philadelphia Jewish Lyceum.

B'NAI B'RITH MESSENGER. Semi-monthly. Los Angeles, Calif. Est.1897.

B'NAI B'RITH NEWS. Monthly. Chicago, 111. Est. 1908.

BOSTON JEWISH AMERICAN. Yiddish. Weekly. Boston, Mass. Est.1908.

•BROWNSVILLE POST. Yiddish. Weekly. Brooklyn, N. Y.

CHICAGO HEBREW INSTITUTE MESSENGER. Monthly. Chicago, 111.First issue November, 1909.Organ of Chicago Hebrew Institute, Chicago, 111.

THE CHICAGO ISRAELITE. Weekly. Chicago, 111. Est. 1854.Chicago edition of THE AMERICAN ISRAELITE.

LIST OF JEWISH PERIODICALS 269

•CHRONICLE. Monthly. New York City.Organ of Free Synagogue Religious School.

*THE CRUCIBLE. Monthly. St. Louis, Mo.Organ of Jewish Educational Alliance.

EMANU-EL. Weekly. San Francisco, Calif. Est. 1895.ENTERTAINER. St. Louis, Mo. Est. 1907.

Official organ of the United Hebrew Entertaining Circle.FALCON. Monthly. Montgomery, Ala.

Published by Falcon Club.FREIE ARBEITER STIMME. Yiddish. Weekly. New York and Phila-

delphia. Est. 1899.THE GLEANER. Monthly. Farm School, Pa. Est. 1901.

Published by the students of the National Farm School, Doylestown, Pa.GROSSER KUNDES. Yiddish. Weekly. New York. Est. 1908.HA-DEBORAH ( T H E BEE) . Hebrew. Monthly. New York City.

First issue November, 1911.HA-ZOER. Hebrew. Monthly. Baltimore, Md. First issue May,

1912.Organ of Hebrew Education Society.

THE HEBREW. English and German. Weekly. San Francisco,Calif. Est. 1863.

THE HEBREW STANDARD. Weekly. New York. Est. 1883.IDISCHE STIME. Yiddish. Weekly. Cincinnati, O. First issue

April 11, 1911.Formerly published in Louisville, Ky. First issue September 30, 1910.

English title, " The Jewish Voice."INDEPENDENT ORDER FREE SONS OF ISRAEL. Chicago, 111. Est. 1903.

Organ of the Order.JEWISH ADVOCATE. Weekly. Boston, Mass. Est. 1905.

Est. 1905 as Boston Advocate; name changed May, 1909.JEWISH CHARITIES. Monthly. Baltimore, Md. Reorganized, 1910.

Organ of National Conference of Jewish Charities.THE JEWISH CHAUTAUQUAN. Monthly. Philadelphia, Pa. Est.

1908.Organ of the Jewish Chautauqua Society.

JEWISH COMMENT. Weekly. Baltimore, Md. Est. 1895.JEWISH COURIER. Yiddish. Chicago, 111.

THE JEWISH CRITERION. Weekly. Pittsburg, Pa. Est. 1895.JEWISH DALLY PRESS. Yiddish. Daily. Cleveland, Ohio. Est.

1908.


JEWISH ECHO. Yiddish. Weekly. Rochester, N. Y.Published by Jewish Publishing Co.

THE JEWISH EXPONENT. Weekly. Philadelphia, Pa. Est. 1886.THE JEWISH FAEMEB. Yiddish. Monthly. New York City. Est.

1908.Organ of the Jewish Agricultural and Industrial Aid Society.

JEWISH HERALD. Monthly. Houston, Texas. Est. 1908.JEWISH IMMIGRANT. Occasional. English and Yiddish. New York

City. Est. 1908.Published by Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society.

THE JEWISH INDEPENDENT. Weekly. Cleveland, O. Est. 1906.THE JEWISH LEDGER. Weekly. New Orleans, La. Est. 1895.

Official organ of the joint lodges of New Orleans, Independent Order ofB'nai B'rith.JEWISH LIFE. Yiddish and English. Weekly. Baltimore, Md.

First issue April 11, 1910.Issued by United Hebrew Charities. See DAS TIDDISHB LEBEN.

JEWISH LIFE. Weekly. Indianapolis, Ind. First issue Decemher31,1909.

THE JEWISH ORPHAN ASYLUM MAGAZINE. Monthly. Cleveland, O.Est. 1903.

THE JEWISH OUTLOOK. Weekly. Denver, Colo., and Kansas City,Mo. Est. 1903. First issue Kansas City edition, March 19, 1910.

JEWISH PRESS. Yiddish. Daily. Chicago, 111. Est. 1888.See also JEWISH PROGRESS.

•JEWISH PRESS. Yiddish. Worcester, Mass.

JEWISH PRESS. Yiddish and English. Weekly. St. Louis, Mo.First issue January 12, 1912.

JEWISH PROGRESS. Yiddish. Weekly. Chicago, 111. Est. 1888.Weekly edition of JEWISH PRESS.

JEWISH QUARTERLY REVIEW. Philadelphia, Pa. New Series, Jan-• uary, 1910.

Published by the Dropsie College for Hebrew and Cognate Learning.THE JEWISH REVIEW AND OBSERVER. Weekly. Cleveland, O. Est.

1889.*JEWISH SENTINEL. Weekly. Chicago, 111.THE JEWISH SPECTATOR. Weekly. Memphis and Nashville, Tenn.;

and New Orleans, La. Est. 1885.

THE JEWISH TIMES. Weekly. San Francisco, Calif. Est. 1855.


THE JEWISH TRIBUNE. Weekly. Portland, Ore.; Seattle andTacoma, Wash.; and Sacramento, Calif. Est. 1902.

T H E JEWISH VOICE. Weekly. St. Louis, Mo. Est. 1884.

JEWISH WEEKLY. English and Yiddish. Weekly. Boston, Mass.First issue October 27,1911.

JEWISH WEEKLY. Yiddish. Providence, R. I. Est. 1909.JEWISH WEEKLY OF THE TWIN CITIES. Weekly. Minneapolis and

St. Paul, Minn. First issue June 14, 1912.JEWISH WORLD. Yiddish. Weekly. St. Louis, Mo. First Issue

December 10, 1909.JUDISCHE GAZETTEN. Yiddish. Weekly. New York. Est. 1874.

English title, " The Jewish Gazette." Weekly edition of XODISCHESTAGEBLATT.

DIE JUDISCHE POST. Yiddish. Weekly. Pittsburg, Pa. Est. 1903.English title, " The Jewish Post."

JUDISCHES TAGEBLATT. Yiddish. Daily. New York. Est. 1885.English title, " Jewish Daily News." See also JODISCHE GAZETTEN.

*JUNIOR MACCABEAN. Monthly. Wilkes-Barre, Pa.DEE KIBETZER. Yiddish. Monthly. New York City. Est. 1908.LA AGUILA. Spanish-Jewish. Daily. New York City. First issue

February 23, 1912.LA AMERICA. Spanish-Jewish. Weekly. New York City. First

issue Nov. 11, 1910.• T H E LITTLE WORLD. Hebrew. Monthly. Cleveland, Ohio. Est.

1906.Hebrew title, " 01am Katon." Published by the Ivriah.

THE MACCABEAN. Monthly. New York. Est. 1901.Published under the supervision of the Federation of American Zionists.

MENORAH. Monthly. Indianapolis, Ind. First issue April 5, 1910.Organ of Indianapolis Lodge, No. 58, I. O. B. B.

THE MODERN VIEW. Weekly. St. Louis, Mo. Est. 1901.

MONTHLY BULLETIN. New York. Est. 1900.Organ of the Young Men's Hebrew Association.

DER MORGEN JOURNAL. Yiddish. Daily. New York. Est. 1902.English title, " The Jewish Morning Journal."

Dos NAYE LAND. Yiddish. Weekly. New York City. First issueSeptember 16, 1911.

Dos NAYE LEBEN. Yiddish. Monthly. Est. 1908.

18


NEW GENERATION. Monthly. Omaha, Neb. First issue May, 1909.Organ of Junior Zion Gates of Order Knights of Zion.

NEWARK WOCHENBLATT. Yiddish. Weekly. Newark, N. J. Firstissue July 31, 1910.

NEWS-LETTEB. Monthly. Kansas City, Mo. Est. 1907.Organ of Kansas City, Mo., Section C. J. W.

OBSERVER. Monthly. Rochester, N. Y. First issue February, 1912.Organ of Jewish Young Men's Association.

*OHEB SHOLOM REVIEW. English. Monthly. Newark, N. J.Organ of Congregation Oheb Sholom.

OKLAHOMA JEWISH REVIEW. Monthly. Oklahoma City, Okla. Firstissue April, 1912.

OKDENS ECHO. German. Monthly. New York. Est. 1884.Official organ of the Independent Order of True Sisters.

OUR REVIEW. Weekly. Bedford Station, N. Y. Est. 1906.Published by the inmates of the Montefiore Country Sanitarium.

PHILADELPHIA JEWISH MORNING JOURNAL. Yiddish. Daily. Phila-delphia, Pa. Est. 1899 as PHILADELPHIA ABEND-POST.Name changed June 1, 1907.

• T H E RECORD. Monthly. Philadelphia, Pa.Published by Alumni Society of Mikveh Israel Congregation.

THE REFORM ADVOCATE. Weekly. Chicago, 111. Est. 1891.

*REFORM CHRONICLE. Monthly. Detroit, Mich.

THE REVIEW. Eight numbers annually. Philadelphia, Pa. Est. 1905.Organ of the Young Men's Hebrew Association.

THE ROUMANIAN-AMERICAN. Monthly. San Francisco, Calif. Est.1908.Organ of the Roumanian Hebrew Protective League.

THE SANATORIUM. Appears irregularly. Denver, Colo. Est. 1907.Organ of the Jewish Consumptives' Relief Society.

DER SONNTAO COURIER. Yiddish. Weekly. Chicago, 111. Est. 1887.English title, " The Sunday Jewish Courier." Sunday edition of DEB

TXGLICHER JUDISCHER COURIER.

DER SONNTAG KOL. Yiddish. Weekly. Chicago, 111. Est. 1900.English title, " The Sunday Jewish Call." Sunday edition of DEE

TAGLICHEE YIDDISHER KOL.

DER TAGLICHER JUDISCHER COURIER. Yiddish. Daily. Chicago, 111.Est. 1887.English title, " The Daily Jewish Courier." See also DEB SONNTAG

CODRIER.

DER TAGLICHER YIDDISHER KOL. Daily. Chicago, 111. Est. 1900.English title, " The Daily Jewish Call." See also DER SONNTAQ KOL.


TEMPLE CHRONICLE. Monthly. Newark, N. J. First issue January,1912.Organ of Temple B'nai Jeshurun.

TEXAS ISRAELITE. Monthly. Fort Worth, Texas. Est. 1908.DEE VOLKSADVOKAT. Yiddish. Weekly. New York. Est. 1891.

Weekly edition of DIE WAJIHEIT.

DEE VOLKSFRETTND. Yiddish and Hebrew. Weekly. Pittsburg, Pa.Est. 1889.

VOBWARTS. Yiddish. Daily. New York and Philadelphia. Est.1896.English title, " Forward."

DIE WAEHEIT. Yiddish. Daily. New York. Est. 1905.English title, " The Truth and Daily Herald." See also DER VOLKS-

ADVOKAT.

Dos YIDDISCHE FOLK. Yiddish. Weekly. New York. Est. 1909.Published by Zion Press Association.

DIE YIDDISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT. Yiddish. Weekly. New York City.First issue January 19, 1912.

YIDDISHE AEBEITEB WELT. Yiddish. Weekly. Chicago, 111. Est.1908.Organ of the Jewish Socialist Publishing Association. English title,

" Jewish Labor World."YIDDISHE BAKER. Yiddish. Weekly. New York City. First issue

January 13, 1911.DAS YIDDISHE LEBEN. English and Yiddish. Monthly. Baltimore.

First issue January 1,1910.Organ of United Hebrew Charities. See JEWISH LIFE.

DEE YIDDISHES RECORD. Yiddish. Weekly. Chicago, 111. Firstissue March 4, 1910.English title, " The Jewish Record."

DER YIDDISHES WAECHTEB. Yiddish. Monthly. New York City.First issue February, 1912.

YOUNG JUD^A. Zion Council Bulletin. New York. Zionist Publi-cation. Est. 1909.

ZEDAKAH. Quarterly. Cincinnati, O. First issue December, 1911.Organ of Jewish Settlement of Cincinnati.

ZION'S MESSENGER. Monthly. English. New York City. Firstissue March, 1912.Junior Zion Central Committee.

DIE ZUKUNFT. Yiddish. Monthly. New York. Est. 1892.English title, " The Future."


APPOINTMENTS, HONOKS, AND ELECTIONS

JULY 1, 1911, TO JUNE 30, 1912

AARON, MARCUS, Pittsburg, Pa., appointed, by Judges of AlleghenyCounty Courts, member Central Board of Education, Oct., 1911.

ADLER, SIMON L., Rochester, N. Y., re-elected to State Assembly,Nov. 7, 1911.

ALTMAN, AARON, San Francisco, Calif., elected to Advisory Boardof California Historical Landmarks League, Feb., 1912.

AMBEEG, N. SAMUEL, appointed member Research Staff of the OthoS. A. Sprague Memorial Institute, Chicago, Apl., 1912.

ANDERSON, HARRY G., Brooklyn, N. Y., appointed Assistant DistrictAttorney for Kings County, Mch., 1912.

BACHARACH, HARRY, elected Mayor, Atlantic City, N. J., Nov., 1911.BANKS, BENJAMIN A., Norfolk, Va., elected to State Legislature,

Oct., 1911.BAENERT, NATHAN, Paterson, N. J., appointed Finance Commis-

sioner, Feb., 1912.BARNETT, MAX, Monaca, Pa., elected to Council, Dec, 1911.BAEONDESS, JOSEPH, Brooklyn, N. Y., appointed, by Mayor, member

Board of Education, Nov., 1911; appointed, by Acting Gov-ernor, delegate to represent New York State at InternationalConvention of Factory Inspectors, at Washington, June 4-8,May, 1912.

BENESCH, ALFRED A., Cleveland, 0., appointed delegate to MunicipalConference at Columbus, 0., Jan., 1912.

BERGSON, HENRI, French philosopher, receives degree of LL. D.from Columbia University, June, 1912.

BEEKOWITZ, HENRY, Philadelphia, Pa., appointed, by Mayor, memberof Philadelphia Vice Commission.

BEENHEIM, BEBNARD, Louisville, Ky., appointed, by Governor, oncommittee to arrange Dedication of Lincoln Memorial Build-ing, Hodgeville, Ky., Nov. 9, 1911.

BEENHEIM, ISAAC W., Louisville, Ky., appointed, by Governor, oncommittee to arrange Dedication of Lincoln Memorial Build-ing, Hodgeville, Ky., Nov. 9, 1911.

APPOINTMENTS, HONORS, AND ELECTIONS £75

BERNHEIMEB, CHAS. S., appointed, by Borough President, memberlocal School Board No. 39 of Brooklyn, N. Y., Jan., 1912.

BERNSTEIN, ABRAHAM L., Brooklyn, N. Y., appointed Deputy TaxCommissioner for New York City, Aug., 1911.

BILLIKOPF, JACOB, Kansas City, Mo., elected President State Con-ference of Charities and Correction, Nov., 1911.

BLOCK, MTER J., Baltimore, Md., re-elected Judge of Orphans'Court, Nov. 7, 1911.

BLOOM, FRANK, appointed Second Lieutenant, Field Artillery, Oct.,1911.

BLOOM, I. N., Louisville, Ky., appointed, by Governor, on committeeto arrange Dedication of Lincoln Memorial Building, Hodge-ville, Ky., Nov. 9, 1911.

BLUM, EDWARD C, elected Trustee Brooklyn Institute of Arts andSciences, Dec, 1911.

BLUMENSTIEL, EMANUEL, New York City, appointed Counsel toSheriff, Dec, 1911.

*BKEGSTONE, PHILIP P., Chicago, 111., appointed Assistant JudgeProbate Court, Jan., 1911.

BRENNER, JACOB, Brooklyn, N. Y., appointed Sheriff's Counsel, Dec.30, 1911.

CANTOR, JACOB A., New York City, appointed, by Mayor, memberof committee on Paving Streets of New York, Oct., 1911; ap-pointed, by Governor, delegate to represent New York State,at Eighth Annual Convention of National River and Harbors'Congress, at Washington, D. C, Dec, 1911.

COFFEE, RUDOLPH I., Pittsburg, Pa., appointed, by Mayor, memberof Pittsburg Vice Commission, Apl., 1912.

COHEN, ALBERT MORRIS, Ensign, appointed Lieutenant, JuniorGrade, United States Navy; confirmed, Men. 13, 1912.

COHEN, ALFRED M., Cincinnati, 0., appointed, by Governor, torepresent Ohio at Conference of American Society for JudicialSettlement of International Disputes, Nov. 7-8, 1911.

COHEN, CHARLES J., Philadelphia, Pa., elected Vice-PresidentThe Numismatic and Antiquarian Society, Philadelphia,Dec, 1911; elected member Executive Council PhiladelphiaBoard of Trade, Jan., 1912; elected First Vice-PresidentPhiladelphia Chamber of Commerce, Jan., 1912; elected Vice-President Fairmount Park Art Association, Feb. 1912.

* Omitted from AMERICAN JEWISH YEAH BOOK 5672.


COHEN, HENRY, New York City, appointed, by CommissionerWaldo, Inspector of Police, Aug., 1911.

COHEN, M. HENEY, Tampa, Fla., elected Municipal Judge, June,1912.

CUTLER, HABRY, Providence, R. I., appointed, by Mayor, memberPlaygrounds Committee, May, 1912.

DAVID, JOSEPH, Cleveland, O., receives first Panama Canal medal,Aug., 1911.

DAVID, JOSEPH B., appointed delegate, by Mayor of Chicago, toLakes-to-the-Gulf Deep Waterway Association Convention,Oct., 1911.

DRUCKER, SAUL, appointed member Hotchkiss Committee, investi-gating conditions at Illinois Industrial School for Girls andother institutions, Sept., 1911.

EDLIS, ADOLPH, Pittsburg, Pa., elected Treasurer Board of Edu-cation, Feb., 1912.

EICHENBATJM, SAMUEL, Corning, O., re-elected Mayor, Nov. 17,1911.EINSTEIN, LEWIS, appointed, by President Taft, Minister Plenipo-

tentiary to Costa Rica, July, 1911.ELKUS, ABEAM I., New York City, appointed, by Governor, to rep-

resent New York State at Fourth Convention of AtlanticDeeper Waterways Association, at Richmond, Oct. 17-20, 1911;elected delegate to Democratic National Convention, Men.,1912.

ENELOW, H. G., Louisville, Ky., appointed, by Governor, on com-mittee to arrange Dedication of Lincoln Memorial Building,Hodgeville, Ky., Nov. 9, 1911.

F A I R , O., Tampa, Fla., elected Councilman-at-Large, June, 1912.FELHEIM, LYMAN, elected President Erie, Pa., Chamber of Com-

merce, Apl., 1912.FEBNBACHER, NATHAN, appointed State Transfer Tax-Appraiser for

New York County, N. Y., Apl., 1912.FISHER, LEON H., appointed, by New York State Board of Regents,

member State Board of Examiners of Certified Public Ac-countants, July, 1911.

FLECK, CHAS. I., New York City, elected to State Assembly, Nov.7, 1911.

FLEXNER, SIMON, New York City, awarded, by University of Edin-burgh, Cameron Prize in Practical Therapeutics, Sept., 1911;appointed, by Emperor William of Germany, honorary mem-ber Royal Institute for Experimental Therapeutics of Frank-fort-on-the-Main, Nov., 1911.


*Fox, GEORGE, Fort Worth, Tex., appointed Chairman Charity Com-mission, and member Executive Committee State Board ofCharities and Correction, 1911; appointed, by Governor, dele-gate to National Charities and Correction Convention, atCleveland, O., June, 1912.

FRANKFURTER, FELIX, Washington, D. C, appointed, by Secretaryof War, Solicitor to the Bureau of Insular Affairs in WarDepartment, July, 1911.

FRANKLIN, MELVIN M., Philadelphia, Pa., receives degree of LL. D.from Villanova College, June, 1912.

FREXJND, CHAS. J., Salt Lake City, Utah, appointed, by Governor,delegate to Eighth Annual Conference National Child LaborCommission, Louisville, Ky., Feb., 1912; appointed, by Gov-ernor, delegate to Celebration of One Hundredth Anniversaryof Peace among English-speaking Peoples of the World, Mch.,1912.

FRIEDMAN, HERBERT J., Chicago, 111., appointed Counsel for CivilService Commission, July, 1911.

FROHMAN, DANIEL, New York City, appointed, by Mayor, memberTitanic Memorial Committee of New York City, June 3, 1912.

GELLER, S. M., Portland, Ore., appointed, by Mayor, City Physician,Sept., 1911.

GOLDBERG, MARK, New York City, re-elected to State Assembly,Nov. 7, 1911.

GOLDENKRANZ, SOLOMON, New York City, appointed State TransferTax-Appraiser, Feb., 1912.

GOLDMAN, A., Tampa, Fla., elected Councilman, May, 1912.GOLDSTEIN, H. I., Camden, N. J., appointed State Sanitary Inspector

of the New Jersey Board of Health, June, 1912.GOLDSTEIN, LOUIS, Brooklyn, N. Y., appointed Assistant District

Attorney, Dec, 1911.GOODMAN, ABRAM, New York City, re-elected to State Assembly,

Nov. 7, 1911.GRAUBARD, MORITZ, New York City, re-elected to State Assembly,

Nov. 7, 1911.GREENBERG, MEYER, New York City, elected to State Assembly, Nov.

7, 1911.GRDSS, M. J., Cleveland, 0., appointed on committee on Celebration

of One Hundredth Anniversary of Peace among English-speaking Peoples of the World, Feb., 1912.

* Omitted from AMEBICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK 5672.


GBOSS, LOUIS D., Akron, O., appointed, by Mayor, delegate to Na-tional Conference of Charities and Correction, at Cleveland,O., June, 1912.

GUGGENHEIM, CHAS. J. E., First Lieutenant United States Navy,promoted Captain; confirmed, Jan. 8, 1912.

HACKENBUBG, WM. B., Philadelphia, Pa., re-elected Grand Treas-urer Grand Lodge Free and Accepted Masons of Pennsylvania,Dec, 1911.

HANAUEB, A. M., appointed, by Governor, delegate from Pennsyl-vania to National Civic Federation, at Washington, D. C,Mch. 5-7, 1912, Feb., 1912.

HANDMAN, LEVI, Marshall, Tex., appointed Assistant Professor ofSociology at University of Chicago, June, 1912.

HABBUBGEB, JULIUS, New York City, elected Sheriff, Nov. 7, 1911.HAEBISON, JOSEPH H., Denver, Colo., appointed Postmaster, Jan.,

1912.HAET, ALFEED, Kansas City, Mo., appointed, by Governor, to repre-

sent Missouri at Conference in New Orleans to Consider Wel-fare of Cotton Producers, Nov., 1911.

HABTOGENSIS, B. H., Baltimore, Md., elected member Central Com-mittee Alliance Israelite Universelle, Aug., 1911.

HEBBST, ABEAM W., New York City, elected Alderman, Nov. 7, 1911.HEBSHENSON, ELIHU A., Boston, Mass., appointed Judge Newsboys'

Trial Board, Feb., 1912.HEEZBEBG, WILLIAM, promoted Chief Machinist United States Navy;

confirmed, Jan. 18, 1912.HESSBEEG, ALBEBT, Albany, N. Y., appointed, by Governor, Trustee

Schuyler Mansion, Aug., 1911.HEYMAN, HAEEY, Brooklyn, N. Y., re-elected to State Assembly,

Nov. 7. 1911.HEYMAN, SEYMOUB, elected President Board of Education, Okla-

homa City, Okla., May, 1912.HILLSON, JOSEPH, Somerville, Mass., elected Alderman, Fourth

Ward, Dec. 12, 1911.HIBSCH, DAVID, Louisville, Ky., appointed, by Governor, on com-

mittee to arrange Dedication of Lincoln Memorial Building,Hodgeville, Ky., Nov. 9,1911; elected Director Board of Trade,Jan., 1912.

HIBSCHENSTEIN, SAMUEL, appointed, by United States AttorneyWise, Assistant United States District Attorney for New York,Mch., 1912.


JACOBI, ABRAHAM, New York City, elected honorary member Inter-national Congress for Protection of Infantile Life, at Berlin,Sept., 1911.

JACOBS, LEON M., Phoenix, Ariz., elected to Legislature, 1911.JACOBSON, FELIX S., Arlington, N. J., appointed Postmaster, Feb.,

1912.JAMES, PETEE H., Jersey City, N. J., promoted to Staff of the

Quartermaster General of the State, with rank of Major, fromFeb. 1, 1912.

JASTROW, MORRIS, JR., Philadelphia, Pa., appointed, by Secretary ofState, delegate from United States Government to TenthInternational Congress of Orientalists, at Athens, Greece, inApl., 1912, Dec, 1911.

JOSEPHTHAL, Louis M., appointed Lieutenant-Commander and Pay-master, New York Naval Militia, June, 1912.

JUDELSOHN, M. J. I., New York City, appointed to United StatesConsular Service, Apl. 15, 1912.

KAHN, MBS. JULIUS, California, elected Treasurer CongressionalSection Women's Department National Civic Federation, May,1912.

KEMPNER, OTTO, elected President*Conference of City Magistratesof State of New York, Dec. 9, 1911.

KLAFTER, DAVID S., Chicago, 111., appointed, by Mayor, member ofCommission to Conserve Residential Portion of Chicago, Dec,1911.

KLEIN, JACOB, Rankin, Pa., elected Councilman, Nov., 1911.KLINE, ADOLPH, New York City, elected Alderman, Nov. 7, 1911.KOENIG, SAMUEL S., New York City, elected Chairman Republican

County Committee, Apl., 1912.KOHN, MAETIN J., elected Permanent Chairman Maryland Congress

of Master Printers, June, 1912.KORNFELD, JOSEPH, Columbus, 0., appointed Secretary and Direc-

tor City's Recreation Department, Jan., 1912; appointed, byGovernor, delegate to Congress of American PlaygroundsAssociation, June, 1912.

KORNHAUSER, SAMUEL J., Cleveland, 0., appointed Assistant CountyProsecutor, Dec, 1911.

KRAMER, MRS. S. J., New York City, appointed, by Mayor, memberBoard of Education, Dec, 1911.


KKATJS, ADOLF, appointed, by Mayor of Chicago, delegate to Lakes-to-the-Gulf Deep Waterway Association Convention, Oct., 1911.

KBATTSKOPF, JOSEPH, Philadelphia, Pa., elected member ExecutiveBoard of Housing Commission of Philadelphia, Aug., 1911;appointed, by Mayor, on committee on Conference and Exhi-bition on Child Welfare, Philadelphia, Pa., Nov., 1911.

KBOHN, IRWIN M., Cincinnati, 0., appointed, by Mayor, memberBoard of Park Commissioners, May, 1912.

LANDSMAN, HARET, St. Louis, Mo., elected Department Commander,Missouri Militia, June, 1912.

LANGSDOEF, A. S., Dean School of Engineering, St. Louis, Mo., ap-pointed member of Committee on Organization of Interna-tional Electrical Congress at San Francisco, in 1915, June,1912.

LASCOFF, J. LEON, appointed, by New York State Board of Regents,member State Board of Pharmacy, July, 1911.

LAUCHHEIMER, CHABI.ES H., Colonel United States Marine Corps,elected President Army and Navy Club of Manila, July, 1911.

LEAVITT, LOUIS, New York City, appointed Deputy Sheriff for NewYork County, Aug., 1911.

LEINKAUF, HERMAN W., elected President School Board, MobileCounty, Ala., Sept., 1911.

LEONARD, OSCAE, St. Louis, Mo., appointed Associate SecretaryMissouri State Conference of Charities and Correction, Jan.,1912; elected to Executive Board Child Welfare Association,Feb., 1912; appointed, by Governor, delegate from Missourito Southern Sociological Congress, at Nashville, Tenn., May,1912; appointed, by Mayor, delegate to represent St Louis atNational Conference of Charities and Correction, at Cleveland,O., June, 1912.

LEVENSON, JOSEPH M., Chelsea, Mass., elected member of SchoolBoard, Dec, 1911.

LEVI, CHAS, S., Peoria, 111., appointed member Ways and MeansCommittee of the Association of Commerce, Apl., 1912.

LEVINS, MAX S., New York City, elected Alderman, Nov. 7, 1911.LEVY, AABON J., New York City, re-elected to State Assembly, Nov.

7, 1911.LEVY, DEBONDA, Montgomery, Ala., appointed, by Governor, member

Excise Commission of Russell County, Aug., 1911.


LEVY, HABBY M., Cincinnati, O., appointed Jury Commissionerby Common Pleas Court, Jan., 1912.

LEVY, ISIDOB M., New York City, appointed, by Mayor, memberBoard of Education, Dec, 1911.

LEVY, JACOB, New York City, re-elected to State Assembly, Nov. 7,1911.

LEVY, LOUIS S., Cincinnati, 0., appointed, by Mayor, memberBoard of Hospital Commissioners, Jan., 1912.

LEVY, MAX, Bayonne, N. J., elected member Board of Education,Feb., 1912.

LEVY, PHIL, Butte, Mont., appointed, by Mayor, Police Commis-sioner, May, 1912.

LEWIS, IBA, New York City, appointed special Deputy Sheriff, Feb.,1912.

LIEBEEMAN, NATHAN, New York City, elected Alderman, Nov. 7,1911.

LIPSKY, HAEBY A., Chicago, 111., appointed, by Mayor, member CitySchool Board, July, 1911.

LITTAUEB, Lucius N., Gloversville, N. Y., elected member Board ofRegents of University of State of New York, Feb., 1912;elected delegate to Republican National Convention, Men.,1912.

LOEB, HENKY, Reading, Pa., re-elected Alderman, Nov. 7, 1911.LOEB, HERMAN, Philadelphia, Pa., appointed, by Mayor, Director of

Supplies, Dec, 1911.LOEB, MOBEIS, New York City, appointed, by Mayor, member Board

of Education, Dec, 1911.LOWY, MOBTIMEE, Newark, N. J., elected member House of As-

sembly for Erie County, 1912.MACHT, DAVID I., Baltimore, Md., appointed Coroner by Governor,

Feb., 1912.MACK, JULIAN "W., Judge, Chicago, 111., reappointed for five years

to Commerce Court, Feb., 1912.MABCUS, OTTMAE, Baltimore, Md., Director City-wide Congress,

May, 1912.MABGOLIES, ELIAS, appointed Instructor in Hebrew, Extension De-

partment, Columbia University, New York City for 1912-13,Apl., 1912.


MARKELL, SAMUEL, Chelsea, Mass., elected Alderman of SecondWard, Dec. 12, 1911.

MARKS, BERNARD, New York City, appointed Assistant DeputySheriff, Aug., 1911.

MARKS, DAVID W., Covington, Tenn., appointed Postmaster; con-firmed, Jan., 1912.

MASKS, MARTIN A., Cleveland, 0., re-elected President LibraryBoard, July 12, 1911.

MARKS, SAMUEL, New York City, elected Alderman, Nov. 7, 1911.MARSHALL, WILLIAM, Louisville, Ky., appointed, by Governor, on

Committee to arrange Dedication of Lincoln Memorial Build-ing, Hodgeville, Ky., Nov. 9, 1911.

MATER, JULIUS M., appointed United States Judge for SouthernDistrict of New York, Feb. 26, 1912.

MAYER, SIMON, elected Alderman of Third Ward, Chicago, 111.,Apl., 1912.

MICHAEL, ELIAS, St. Louis, Mo., elected to committee on PermanentOrganization of the Chamber of Commerce of the UnitedStates of America, Apl., 1912.

MICHAELSON, ALBERT A., Chicago, 111., receives honorary degreefrom Christiana University, Sweden, Sept., 1911.

MICHAELSON, L. B., Trenton, N. J., appointed delegate to AtlanticDeeper Waterways Convention, at Richmond, Va., Oct., 1911.

MILLER, HARRY, Brooklyn, N. Y., appointed, by Mayor, Magistrateof Queens County, Oct., 1911.

MORRIS, AARON M., Pickens, S. C, appointed Postmaster; confirmed,Feb. 21, 1912.

MOSES, MOULTRIE, Montgomery, Ala., appointed, by Governor, mem-ber Excise Commission of Russell County, Aug., 1911.

NEWMAN, M., Blsbee, Ariz., elected Mayor, July 6, 1911.NOVA, ALGERNON I., Brooklyn, N. Y., appointed Assistant District

Attorney of Kings County, July, 1911.NUSSBAUM, Louis, appointed District Superintendent Public

Schools for Fourth District, Philadelphia, Pa., Jan., 1912.OHLMAN, L. W., Meadville, Pa., elected member Select Council,

Nov., 1911.PALIER, MRS. ANNIE M., St. Paul, Minn., appointed, by Mayor, dele-

gate to National Conference of Charities and Correction, atCleveland, O., June, 1912.


PAM, HUGO, Chicago, 111., elected Judge of Superior Court, Nov.,1911.

PEIXOTTO, DE. JESSICA B., Berkeley, Calif., appointed, by Governor,member State Board of Charities and Correction, May, 1912.

PFAELZEK, DAVID M., Chicago, 111., appointed, by Mayor, memberCity School Board, July, 1911; appointed, by Mayor, delegateto Lakes-to-the-Gulf Deep Waterway Association Convention,Oct., 1911.

PISKO, MRS. S., Denver, Colo., appointed member City Board ofCharities and Correction, June, 1912.

PUNCH, MONTAGUE, St. Louis, Mo., appointed Master in Chancery byJudge Dyer, U. S. Circuit Court, June, 1912.

PUTZEL, LEWIS N., Baltimore, Md., elected Director City-wideCongress, May, 1912.

RAISIN, MAX, Meridian, Miss., receives degree of LL. D., Universityof Mississippi, June 4, 1912.

RAPPOPORT, JULIUS, Chicago, 111., appointed, by Mayor, memberSpecial Park Commission, Feb., 1912.

RAVINE, "WILLIAM, Cincinnati, O., appointed Chief Medical In-spector Public Schools, Jan., 1912.

RIESMAN, DAVID, Philadelphia, Pa., appointed Professor of ClinicalMedicine at the University of Pennsylvania, May, 1912.

ROSENBAUM, PHILIP C, St. Louis, Mo., appointed Aide-de-Camp byCommander of State Militia; Chairman Legislative Com-mittee, June, 1912.

ROSENBLATT, S. J., appointed, by Mayor, member Special ParksCommission, Chicago, 111., Dec, 1911.

ROSENBLUTH, ROBEET, New York City, appointed Forester in NewYork State Forest, Fish, and Game Department, July, 1911.

ROSENSON, IEA L., Brooklyn, N. Y., appointed Excise Counsel forBorough of Brooklyn, July, 1911.

ROSENTHAL, JOSEPH W., Rochester, N. Y., appointed, by Governor,Manager State Hospital, Aug., 1911.

ROSENWALD, JULIUS, Chicago, 111., elected Trustee University ofChicago, May, 1912.

ROSEWATEE, MRS. NATHAN, appointed, by Governor of Ohio, dele-gate to National Conference of Charities and Correction, atCleveland, 0., June, 1912.


ROSEWATEE, VICTOR, Omaha, Neb., appointed Acting ChairmanRepublican National Committee, Mch., 1912; Chairman, June,1912.

SABATH, A. J., appointed, by Mayor of Chicago, delegate to Lakes-to-the-Gulf Deep Waterway Association Convention, Oct., 1911.

SACHS, OSCAR, Kansas City, Mo., appointed Imperial German Con-sular Agent from Berlin, for Kansas City and the State ofKansas, July, 1911.

SADLER, NOEMAN J., St. Louis, Mo., appointed Assistant City At-torney, July, 1911.

SARBINSKY, MAURICE, Cleveland, O., appointed City Electrician,Jan., 1911.

SCIIANFARBEE, TOBIAS, Chicago, 111., appointed, by Governor, dele-gate from Illinois to National Civic Federation, at Washing-ton, March 5-8, Feb., 1912.

SCHECTOR, MORRIS S., New York City, elected to State Assembly,Nov. 7, 1911.

SCHIFF, JACOB H., New York City, appointed, by Governor, torepresent New York State in Fourth Convention of AtlanticDeeper Waterways Association, at Richmond, Oct. 17-20, 1911.

SCHWARZ, LAZ., Mobile, Ala., elected Mayor, Aug. 14,1911.

SCHWARZ, LEON, re-appointed Captain and Commissary Officer,First Regiment, Alabama National Guard, Aug., 1911.

SELIGMAN, ISAAC N., New York City, appointed, by Governor, torepresent New York State in Fourth Convention of AtlanticDeeper Waterways Association, at Richmond, Oct. 17-20, 1911.

SELLING, BEN, Portland, Ore., nominated in Republican primariesfor United States Senator, Apl., 1912.

SENIOR, MAX, Cincinnati, O., appointed, by Mayor, member Bureauof Charities and Correction, Jan., 1912.

SHLIVEK, MAX, New York City, re-elected to State Assembly, Nov.7,1911.

SICHEL, SIGMUND, Portland, Ore., appointed Chairman Social Ser-vice Commission to Provide Playgrounds for Portland Chil-dren, May, 1912.

SLLBER, MENDEL, Albuquerque, N. M., appointed Dean and Professorof Department of Psychology and Education, University ofNew Mexico, 1912.


SILBEBBEEG, MAX, selected member of Council of Administrationat Convention of Ohio G. A. R., July, 1911; re-elected Chair-man Hamilton County, Ohio, Memorial Committee, G. A. R.,Apl., 1912.

SILBERT, SAMUEL H., Cleveland, O., appointed Assistant ProsecutorMunicipal Court, Dec, 1911.

SILVERMAN, HARRY, New York City, re-appointed Confidential Sec-retary New York State Marine Fisheries Bureau, Apl., 1912.

SILVERMAN, JOSEPH, New York City, appointed, by Mayor, memberTitanic Memorial Committee of New York City, June 3, 1912.

SIMMONS, MAURICE, New York City, elected Commander-in-Chief,United States War Veterans, Oklahoma City, Okla., Aug., 1911.

SOLIS-COHEN, DAVID, Portland, Ore., appointed, by Mayor, memberof City Executive Board, July, 1911.

SOLIS-COHEN, J., Philadelphia, Pa., receives degree of LL. D. fromJefferson Medical College, June 3, and Temple University,June 6, 1912.

SOLOMON, HENRY, New York City, President State Commission ofPrisons, appointed, by Governor of New York, delegate toNational Prison Congress, Omaha, Neb., Oct. 14-19, 1911; re-elected President New York State Prison Board, Jan., 1912;appointed, by Governor, delegate to National Conference ofCharities and Correction, at Cleveland, O., June 12-19, Apl.,1912.

SOLOMON, MRS. HENRY, Chicago, 111., appointed on Commission toInvestigate Workings of Juvenile Court, Aug., 1911.

SPEYER, JAMES, New York City, receives Order of Red Eagle, Sec-ond Class, from Emperor William, Jan. 18, 1912.

STARK, MEYER MAURICE, appointed First Lieutenant, Medical Re-serve Corps, United States Army; confirmed Apl., 1912.

STETNERT, HENRY, New York City, appointed, by Mayor, Justiceof Court of Special Sessions, July, 1911.

SXOLPER, DR. J. H., Oklahoma City, Okla., appointed General At-torney Department of Charities and Correction of State ofOklahoma, July 1, 1911.

STOLZ, JOSEPH, Chicago, 111., appointed, by Governor, delegate toAmerican Prisons Association Convention, at Omaha, Neb.,Oct., 1911; officiates as Chaplain to Republican National Con-vention, June 19, 1912.


STONE, NAT., Milwaukee, Wis., appointed, by Mayor, ChairmanCommission on Prices of Market Produce, Nov., 1911.

STRAUS, NATHAN, New York City, appointed, by President Taft,delegate to Third International Congress for Protection ofInfants, at Berlin, in September; also delegate to representthis Government at Seventh Congress against Tuberculosis, atRome, July, 1911; appointed, by Governor, delegate to repre-sent New York State, at Eighth Annual Convention of Na-tional River and Harbors Congress, at Washington, D. C,Dec, 1911.

STBAUSS, SELIGMAN J., Wilkes-Barre, Pa., elected Judge of CommonPleas Court of Luzerne County, Nov., 1911.

SULZBEBGEB, CTBUS L., New York City, appointed, by Governor,delegate to National Conference of Charities and Correction,at Cleveland, O., June 12-19, Apl., 1912.

SULZEB, MABCUS R., Madison, Ind., elected President Indiana Post-masters' Association, July, 1911.

TIKTON, DANIEL E., Waltham, Mass., elected Alderman, Dec, 1911.TOONIN, E,, Waco, Tex., appointed City Health Officer, May, 1912.UNTEBMYEB, SAMUEL, New York City, appointed, by Governor,

Manager Proposed Farm and Industrial Colony for Trampsand Vagrants, Dec, 1911; appointed Counsel to CongressionalCommittee Investigating Money Power, Feb., 1912; appointed,by Mayor, member Titanic Memorial Committee of New YorkCity, June 3, 1912.

VEIT, BENJAMIN, New York City, elected, by Board of Education,District Superintendent of Schools for New York City, Feb.,1912.

WACHSMANN, SIEGFBIED, New York City, appointed Professor ofClinical Medicine, at Fordham University Medical School,Jan., 1912.

WALTEB, SIMON, Philadelphia, Pa., elected Common Councilmanfrom Twentieth Ward, Nov., 1911.

WEIL, EDWABD, New York City, re-elected to State Assembly, Nov.7, 1911.

WEIL, JACOB, New York City, elected Alderman, Nov., 1911.WEINSTOCK, C. LEON, appointed, by Governor, member New York

State Commission on New Prisons, Nov., 1911.


WEINSTOCK, HARRIS, Sacramento, Calif., appointed, by Governor,member of Commission to Arbitrate between City of SanDiego and the Industrial Workers of the World, Apl., 1912.

WEISSKOPF, M. A., Chicago, 111., appointed, by Mayor, memberSchool Board on the Bridewell, July, 1911.

WESSEL, HENRY N., Philadelphia, Pa., appointed, by Court of Com-mon Pleas, No. 2, member County Board of Law Examinersof Philadelphia County, July, 1911.

WHITE, DAVID, Chelsea, Mass., elected Alderman, Dec, 1911.WISE, JONAH B., Portland, Ore., appointed, by Mayor, on committee

to Investigate Vice Conditions, Nov., 1911.WOLFSTEIN, DAVID, appointed Trustee University of Cincinnati,

Jan., 1912.WULFSON, ISIDOR, Indianapolis, Ind., elected, at request of Gov-

ernor, to represent Indiana at Seventh Annual Conference onWeights and Measures of United States, at Washington, D. C,Feb. 15, 1912.

19


SYNAGOGUES AND HOMES OF SOCIETIESDEDICATED

1911JULYAUGUST

IN THE UNITED STATES

JULY 1, 1911, TO JUNE 30, 1912

28-30. Temple Israel, Far Rockaway, N. Y.6. Synagogue Beth Jacob, Buffalo, N. Y. (Re-

dedicated.)6. Synagogue, Attleboro, Mass.

18. Synagogue Tifereth Israel, Everett, Mass.20-22. Orthodox Home for the Aged, Annex, Cleveland,

Ohio.21. Temple Ahavath Israel, Trenton, N. J.26. Borough Park Civic Club, Brooklyn, N. Y.27. Synagogue Anshe Sfard, Cleveland, O.

SEPTEMBER 3. Synagogue Beth Hamidrash Hagadol, Philadel-phia, Pa.

7-9. Synagogue Oheb Shalom, Newark, N. J.8. Beth Hamedrosh Hagodol, Omaha, Neb.

10. Temple Israel, "White Plains, N. Y.10. Synagogue and Hebrew Free School, Congrega-

gation Talmud Torah, Bayonne, N. J.10. Temple Beth El, Buffalo, N. Y.10. Synagogue Anshe Poland, Cincinnati, O.10. Synagogue Beth Israel Emeth, Brooklyn, N. Y.

(Rededicated.)10. Synagogue B'rith Sholom, St. Louis, Mo.10. Hebrew Home for Aged and Disabled, San Fran-

cisco, Calif.10. Synagogue Ohel Jacob, Philadelphia, Pa.10. Synagogue Ateres Israel, Philadelphia, Pa.11. Synagogue Beth Hamedrash Hagodel, Rochester,

N. Y.15. Temple Sons of Israel, Bellaire, O.15. Temple B'nai Israel, Kalamazoo, Mich.15. Temple B'nai Israel, Wheeling, W. Va.15. People's Synagogue, Brooklyn, N. Y.

15-17. Temple Beth El, Providence, R. I.16. Synagogue Nevah Zedek Talmud Torah, Port-

land, Ore.17. West End Hebrew Free School, Boston, Mass.22. Temple Society of Concord, Syracuse, N. Y.24. Synagogue Anshe Libawitz, Bridgeport, Conn.24. Yeshibas Etz Chayim of West Denver, Denver,

Colo.

SYNAGOGUES AND HOMES DEDICATED 289

OCTOBER 8. Synagogue First Hebrew Congregation, San Le-andro, Calif.

Jewish Literary Society, Houston, Tex.Home of Sons and Daughters of Israel (United

Austrian Hebrew Charities Assn.), New YorkCity.

Hebrew Literary Association of Cambridge andSomerville, Mass.

Home for Destitute Jewish Children, Dorchester,Mass.

Central Hebrew Free School (Talmud Torah),Philadelphia, Pa.

Jewish Foster Home, Washington, D. C.Hebrew Educational Institute, Albany, N. Y.Philadelphia Jewish Sanatorium for Consump-

tives, Baglesville, Pa.Young Men's Hebrew Association, Reading, Pa.St. Paul Hebrew Institute, St. Paul, Minn.Hebrew Children's Sheltering and Protective

Association of Betsy Levy Memorial HomePlayground, Baltimore, Md.

Greater Boston Hebrew Free School, Boston,Mass.

Fannie H. Hamburger Dormitory of J. N. GuskyHebrew Orphanage and Home, Pittsburg, Pa.

Young Men's Hebrew Association, Pittsburg, Pa.Temple Israel, Terre Haute, Ind.Hebrew Relief Association, Isaac N. Glauber

Memorial Building, Cleveland, O.Lebanon Hospital Dispensary Building, New

York City.Synagogue Kolboshower Teitelbaum, New York

City.Temple B'nai Israel, Hamilton, O.Synagogue Children of Israel, Des Moines, la.Synagogue B'nai Israel, Englewood, 111.

1. Synagogue, Akron, O.21. Hebrew Educational Institute, Chelsea, Mass.21. Heinsheimer Memorial Building, Young Men's

Hebrew Association, New York City.27. Synagogue Agudas Achim, Peoria, 111.4. Temple Mount Sinai, Brooklyn, N. Y.4. Yeshibas Tiphereth Bachurim, Brownsville,

Brooklyn, N. Y.12. Abraham Lincoln House, Milwaukee, Wis.18. Kadimo Hebrew School, Baltimore, Md.

15.22-Nov. 5.

29.

29.

29.

29.(end).

NOVEMBER 5.

5.6.

12.

17.

19.

26-Dec. 2.DECEMBER 1.

5.

17.

17.31.31.31.

1912JANUARY

FEBRUARY


MARCH 1-3. Sinai Temple and Social Centre, Chicago, 111.3. Synagogue Adath Jeshurun, Manchester, N. H.

11. Dropsie College for Hebrew and Cognate Learn-ing, Philadelphia, Pa.

22-24. Temple Anshe Chesed, Cleveland, O.31. Synagogue Ahavas Chesed, Mobile, Ala.

APRIL 28. Jewish Young Men's Association, Buffalo, N. Y.MAY 3-5. Temple Mount Zion, New York City.

3-5. Temple Israel, Akron, O.5. Synagogue, Pinebrook, N. J.5. Young Men's Hebrew Association, Scranton, Pa.

12. Fanny Edel Falk Memorial Building, Pittsburg,Pa.

19. Synagogue Emanu-El, Youngstown, O.19. Young Men's Hebrew Association, Roxbury,

Boston, Mass.30. Home for Aged and Infirm, Mount Vernon, N. Y.30. Synagogue First Congregation of Israel, Calu-

met, Mich.30. Jewish Sisterhood, Neighborhood House, New-

ark, N. J.JUNE 9. Synagogue Beth Jacob, Dayton, O.

20. Young Men's Hebrew Association, San Francisco,Calif.

23. Synagogue Ahawath Israel Anshe Shaval, Phila-delphia, Pa. Rededicated.

30. Neustadt Memorial Building of Alliance YoungMen's Hebrew Association Summer Camp, ColdSpring, N. Y.

30. Synagogue Adath Israel of Hyde Park, Boston,Mass.

30. Jewish Old Folks Home, Detroit, Mich.

REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 291

FIFTH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE AMERICANJEWISH COMMITTEE

NOVEMBER 12, 1911

OFFICERS AND EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

PRESIDENT

MAYER SULZBERGER, Philadelphia

VICE-PKESIDENTS

JULIAN W. MACK, WashingtonJACOB H. HOLLANDER, Baltimore

TREASURER

ISAAC W. BERNHEIM, Louisville, Ky.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

CYRUS ADLER, Philadelphia, Pa.HARRY CUTLER, Providence, R. I.SAMUEL DORF, New YorkJ. L. MAGNES, New YorkLOUIS MARSHALL, New YorkJULIUS ROSENWALD, Chicago, 111.JACOB H. SCHIFF, New YorkISADOR SOBEL, Erie, Pa.CYRUS L. SULZBERGER, New YorkA. LEO WEIL, Pittsburg, Pa.

SECRETARY

HERBERT FRIEDENWALD, 356 Second Ave., N. Y. C.

MEMBERS AND DISTRICTSDist. I: Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina. 2

members: Ceasar Cone, Greensboro, N. C. (1916); MontagueTriest, Charleston, S. C. (1914).

Dist. II: Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee. 2 members: NathanCohn, Nashville, Tenn. (1913); (1913).

Dist. I l l : Arizona, Louisiana, New Mexico, Texas. 2 mem-bers: Maurice Stern, New Orleans, La. (1914); Isaac H. Kemp-ner, Galveston, Tex. (1916).


Dist. IV: Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri. 3 members:Morris M. Cohn, Little Rock, Ark. (1914); David S. Lehman,Denver, Colo. (1916); Elias Michael, St. Louis, Mo. (1915).

Dist. V: California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washing-ton. 3 members: Max C. Sloss, San Francisco, Calif. (1916);Harris Weinstock, Sacramento, Calif. (1912); Ben. Selling, Port-land, Ore. (1912).

Dist. VI: Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska,North Dakota, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Wyoming. 4 members:Henry M. Butzel, Detroit, Mich. (1914); Emanuel Cohen, Min-neapolis, Minn. (1915); Victor Rosewater, Omaha, Neb. (1914);Max Landauer, Milwaukee, Wis. (1912).

Dist. VII: Illinois. 7 members: Edwin G. Foreman (1914);M. E. Greenebaum (1913); B. Horwich (1912); Julian W. Mack(1913); Julius Rosenwald (1915); Joseph Stolz (1914), all ofChicago, 111.; W. B. Woolner, Peoria, 111. (1916).

Dist. VIII: Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, West Virginia. 5 mem-bers: Louis Newberger, Indianapolis, Ind. (1915); Isaac W. Bern-heim, Louisville, Ky. (1912); David Philipson, Cincinnati, O.(1914); J. Walter Freiberg, Cincinnati, O. (1916); E. M. Baker,Cleveland, O. (1913).

Dist. IX: City of Philadelphia. 6 members: Cyrus Adler(1913); Wm. B. Hackenburg (1914); B. L. Levinthal (1915); M.Rosenbaum (1915); Mayer Sulzberger (1913); Benjamin Wolf(1912).

Dist. X: Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia.3 members: Harry Friedenwald, Baltimore, Md. (1915); JacobH. Hollander, Baltimore, Md. (1915).

Dist. XI: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire,Rhode Island, Vermont. 3 members: Isaac M. Ullman, NewHaven, Conn. (1916); Lee M. Friedman, Boston, Mass. (1912);Harry Cutler, Providence, R. I. (1916).

Dist. XII: New York City. 25 members: Joseph Barondess(1913); Samuel Dorf (1917); Bernard Drachman (1914); HarryFischel (1914); William Fischman (1914); Israel Friedlaender(1913); Samuel B. Hamburger (1913); (1917); SamuelI. Hyman (1916); (1917); Leon Kamaiky (1914);Philip Klein (1917); Nathan Lamport (1913); Adolph Lewisohn(1915); J. L. Magnes (1915); M. Z. Margolies (1916); LouisMarshall (1916); H. Pereira Mendes (1916); Solomon Neumann(1915); Jacob H. Schiff (1917); Bernard Semel (1913); P. A.Siegelstein (1915); Joseph Silverman (1914); Cyrus L. Sulzberger(1915); Felix M. Warburg (1916).

Dist. XIII: New York (exclusive of the City). 2 members:Abram J. Katz, Rochester (1913); (1916).

Dist. XIV: New Jersey and Pennsylvania (exclusive of Phila-delphia). 3 members: Isaac W. Frank, Pittsburg, Pa. (1912);Isador Sobel, Erie, Pa. (1916); A. Leo Weil, Pittsburg, Pa. (1914).

REPORT OP AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 293

Member at Large: Nathan Bijur, New York City (1912).Representing the National Jewish Fraternal Congress: Sig-

mund Fodor, Samuel Kanrich, and Leon Sanders; representing theUnion of Orthodox Rabbis: S. E. Jaffe; all of New York City(1912).

FIFTH ANNUAL MEETINGNOVEMBER 12, 1911

The fifth annual meeting of the American Jewish Committee washeld at the Hotel Astor, New York City, on Sunday, November 12,1911. Present: Judge Sulzberger, in the chair, and Messrs. JosephBarondess, Nathan Bijur, Ceasar Cone, Harry Cutler, Samuel Dorf,William Fischman, Israel Friedlaender, Isaac W. Frank, SamuelB. Hamburger, Maurice H. Harris, Jacob H. Hollander, B. Horwich,Leon. Kamaiky, Nathan Lamport, David H. Lehman, Julian W.Mack, J. L. Magnes, Louis Marshall, Solomon Neumann, MorrisRosenbaum, Julius Rosenwald, P. A. Siegelstein, Joseph Silverman,Isador Sobel, Isidor Straus, Cyrus L. Sulzberger, Isaac M. Ullman,and A. Leo Weil. Letters regretting their inability to attend werereceived from Messrs. Cyrus Adler, Edward M. Baker, Isaac W.Bernheim, Henry M. Butzel, Emanuel Cohen, Nathan Cohn,Bernard Drachman, Edwin G. Foreman, Harry Friedenwald, J.Walter Freiberg, Abram J. Katz, I. H. Kempner, William B. Hack-enburg, Samuel I. Hyman, Max Landauer, Jacques Loeb, H.Pereira Mendes, Elias Michael, David Philipson, Victor Rosewater,Jacob H. Schiff, Ben Selling, Max C. Sloss, Maurice Stern, andBenjamin Wolf.

The minutes of the fourth annual meeting were approved asprinted.

The chairman announced the appointment of the following com-mittee on nominations: Isaac W. Frank, David H. Lehman, J. L.Magnes.

REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

As this is the fifth occasion on which we confer in annual meet-ing, it may be well to review some of the more important problemswhich confronted us at the inception of this Committee and torecall the manner in which we have dealt with them.

The Committee, you will remember, took its rise out of thenecessities of our unfortunate coreligionists in Russia and Rou-mania and the requirement that an efficient organization be in-stituted to undertake a coordination of the means available in thiscountry for meeting the ever-continuing emergency in Jewry. TheCommittee may be regarded therefore as having developed out ofthe pogroms of 1905, though by the time the Committee was or-ganized, the immediate problems arising therefrom had been met


with unusual efficiency. But those who had the larger share inorganizing the relief work felt the need of instituting a permanentorganization that might be at hand to deal with a similaremergency if it should ever again arise.

The past five years have witnessed no wholesale pogroms, thoughthe Czar and his ministers have devised and put in force othermodes of persecution not less deadly. For the swifter method ofmere murder, there has been substituted the more cruel process ofphysical and mental starvation, of torture and inhuman repression.The problems, therefore, of Russia and Roumania as they affectthe Jews of this country have been increasing rather than diminish-ing.

The Committee, at the inception of its work, was confronted withthe necessity of dealing with the threatened enactment of re-strictive immigration laws in our own country. Through theefforts of those favoring a liberal immigration policy, the harsh-ness of the laws proposed at the opening of the session of Congressin 1906, was mitigated, and the act of February, 1907, was putupon the statute books. Though not in any sense a restrictivemeasure, it raised the head-tax from two to four dollars, and re-tained the exclusion clauses of the previous act. Its most notableprovision was that empowering the appointment of a Commissionto investigate the whole question of immigration. This Commis-sion, whose work was concluded at the last session of the Sixty-First Congress, has now completed its report in forty bdd volumeswhich have not yet been published.

In order that the Commission might not be led into error respect-ing Jewish immigration, your Committee, as soon as the Commis-sion organized, communicated with that body, requesting leave topresent data that might be of use in the endeavor to reach a justand unbiased conclusion. Upon invitation of the Commission, theCommittee, in cooperation with the Independent Order B'nai B'rithand the Board of Delegates of the Union of American Hebrew Con-gregations, on November 7, 1910, submitted recommendations re-specting the revision of the laws and regulations, which were com-municated to you in our last annual report. That the Commissionconsidered these suggestions may be fairly inferred from thepresence in the Immigration Commission's report of several ofthem, notably that respecting the method of appointing Boards ofSpecial Inquiry, which have to deal with all cases of appeals fromexclusion in the first instance.

The published preliminary abstracts of the reports of the Immi-gration Commission evidence but slight desire to adhere to thetime-honored tradition that has made this country a refuge forthe oppressed of all lands. It was contended that on economicgrounds the increase of our population by immigration was toorapid, and that some method of restriction should be adopted. The


Commission favored a reading and writing test as likely to effectmost equitably the desired end. In reaching this determination,the object seems to be to decrease the immigration from Southernand Eastern Europe, which forms the bulk of our immigration.Opposition to immigration has always been against that coming inlargest numbers. There was a time when the coming of the Ger-mans and of the Irish was similarly opposed. The decrease ofgeneral immigration from Germany and Ireland has changed theideas of those who formerly regarded the immigrants from thosecountries as a danger to this country. The restrictionists nowaffect to deplore the paucity of German and Irish immigrants, andhope to stimulate their coming by excluding as many as possibleof other immigrants. The real situation is that there always havebeen persons hostile to immigration. As times change, these shifttheir arguments, but do not change their position.

Anti-immigration legislation is once again likely to be advocated.Already a bill has been introduced by Senator Dillingham, whichcontains, among other drastic provisions, one that establishes areading and writing test.

It is pleasing to note that two advocates of restrictionist legis-lation, namely, Mr. John L. Burnett, of Alabama, the Chairman ofthe House Committee on Immigration, and Mr. Everis A. Hayes,of California, another member of that Committee, have put them-selves on record as favoring the exemption from proposed re-strictive measures of all victims of religious and political persecu-tion. In view of the conditions, it is requisite that all those whofavor the maintenance of this country's traditions exert their in-fluence at the proper time to oppose drastic changes in our immi-gration laws.

THE PASSPORT QUESTION

For more than a generation after the Treaty of 1832 with Russiawas made, no question arose as to its interpretation. Then camethe change in Russia's policy towards her Jewish subjects. Forsemi-tolerance was substituted persecution soon to be followed bymassacre. Almost coincident with Russia's change in her policytoward her Jewish subjects arose the refusal to vise1 the passportsof American Jews. The members of this Committee are familiarwith the efforts made by all our Secretaries of State to induceRussia to comply with the terms of the Treaty of 1832. You areequally familiar with the ineffectiveness of these efforts. Toearnest and persistent remonstrance, Russia always replied bymere diplomatic evasions and postponements, which amount to apractical denial of redress or even of respectful consideration of thequestion. The plain fact is, therefore, that the situation remainsjust what it was forty-five years ago.


Your Executive Committee gave to this subject its most earnestconsideration almost from its first meetings. Assured that noresults were to be obtained from further recourse to the ordinarychannels of diplomacy, it soon came to the conclusion that someother and more drastic method would have to be devised to makethe Russian Government appreciate that the protests of the UnitedStates were not mere formalities. After much deliberation, it wasdetermined to recommend to the President the abrogation of thetreaties with Russia. This was a course permitted by the terms ofthe treaties, and was resolved upon as the most likely method ofimpressing upon the Russian Government that the United States isin earnest, and will no longer tolerate the continued violation ofthe Treaty of 1832.

Accordingly, a letter was despatched to President Roosevelt onMay 18, 1908, which began the attempt on the part of your Com-mittee to induce the Government to do something effective to termi-nate the controversy. The correspondence with Presidents Roose-velt and Taft and Secretaries Root and Knox was published in thelast issue of THE AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK. In addition, con-ferences were had with President Roosevelt and with PresidentTaft, notably on February 15, 1911. On this last occasion, by in-vitation of the President, representatives of the Union of AmericanHebrew Congregations, the Independent Order B'nai B'rith, andthe American Jewish Committee had an extended conference withhim.

As all our endeavors proved futile, we reluctantly reached theconclusion that the present administration was not willing to adoptany other measure than diplomatic representation, which promisedno better results in the future than had been attained by it in thepast. We, therefore, felt ourselves compelled to appeal to the peopleof the United States. This course was not lightly undertaken, andwas determined upon after most serious deliberation. Our firstpublic appeal was made in cooperation with the Union of AmericanHebrew Congregations. The address delivered by Mr. Marshallat its Twenty-Second Council marked the opening of the campaign.It presented our position clearly and unmistakably, and in orderthat the people of the United States might be informed upon thequestion, nearly 35,000 copies were printed and sent to the pressand the pulpit and to individuals of prominence and influence inall walks of life. This was followed by a similar distribution of aspeech made in Congress by Mr. Herbert Parsons. Wide distribu-tion also was given to an address on " The United States Passportand Russia," by Judge Rufus B. Smith, President of the CincinnatiBar Association, and to articles which appeared in the New YorkTimes, the Outlook, the New York Evening Post, and the New YorkEvening Mail. In the last-mentioned newspaper the subject was


treated in a series of daily articles extending over a period ofmore than a month.

You will recall that immediately upon the convening of Congressin special session, Mr. William Sulzer, a representative from NewYork and Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, intro-duced a resolution providing for the termination of the Treatywith Russia. (See AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK 5671, p. 57.)

Similar resolutions were introduced in the House hy Representa-tives William E. Calder, Francis Burton Harrison, and HenryM. Goldfogle, of New York; Alfred G. Allen, of Ohio; and Joseph W.Byrns, of Tennessee. In the Senate also the matter was the sub-ject of a resolution introduced by Senator Culberson, of Texas,who had introduced the same resolution at the preceding session.

By reason of the fact that the extra session of Congress wascalled to consider a specific measure, no action on these resolutionscould be had. But there is every reason to expect that Mr. Sulzer,who is Chairman of the Committtee on Foreign Affairs, and theother representatives who have introduced resolutions, togetherwith Senator Culberson, will energetically advocate the resolutionsto abrogate the treaty at the session about to convene. We havealso received assurances that ample opportunity will be given tous to appear before both the House and Senate Committees inadvocacy of these resolutions when they receive consideration.

That the people of the United States are beginning to awaken tothe importance of the question is evidenced by the passage in theLegislatures of fifteen States of resolutions on the subject. TenState Legislatures, namely, of California, Colorado, Connecticut,Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Montana, Nevada, New York, and Wash-ington, have gone on record as unqualifiedly in favor of the termina-tion of the Treaty of 1832. Many great newspapers and numerousorganizations of the country have stoutly advocated and defendedthis course.

At a clerical conference held under the auspices of the New YorkFederation of Churches, October 30, 1911, the following resolutionwas passed:

WHEREAS, It is and always has been the fundamental principle of thisGovernment that the rights of its citizens shall not be Impaired at home orabroad on account of religious belief; and

WHEEEAS, Under the treaty between the United States and Russia nego-tiated in 1832, Russia claims the right to and does discriminate betweenAmerican citizens on the ground of religious belief, and, as a consequence,several classes of American citizens, notably ministers of various denomina-tions, and especially Jews are excluded from Russia, and American citizensof the Jewish faith are subject to the same class restrictions as the Govern-ment imposes upon its own inhabitants of the Jewish faith, all of which iscontrary to the plain wording and meaning of such treaty ;

Therefore, this assembly urgently requests the President to terminatesaid treaty at the earliest possible time, so that Russia may know that a


discrimination against any part of our people on religious grounds is con-trary to the fundamental principles of our Government, and that we cannotadmit such a discrimination without being false to American citizenship,which covers the Jew as sacredly as it does the Christian.

A National Citizens' Committee with headquarters at New Yorkhas been formed under the presidency of Andrew D. White, for-merly Minister to Russia, with William G. McAdoo as Chairman ofthe Executive Committee, and Henry Green as Managing Director,and having a membership composed of distinguished men through-out the country, to protest against Russia's violation of the treatyand to endeavor to terminate the intolerable conditions arisingtherefrom.

But your Committee feels that much more publicity is required,and to further this end, we are making a wide distribution of areprint of the article in the YEAR BOOK, and of other special articleson the subject.

The Jews of the United States are warranted in assuming thatthe only likelihood of a redress of their grievances is through anappeal to the intelligence, the patriotism, and the sense of justiceof the American people. It behooves every member of the Ameri-can Jewish Committee to use his best endeavors to bring about thepassage of the resolutions now pending in the House and Senate.In every Congressional District representations should be made tothe representative in Congress before he leaves his home; in everyState, the Senators should be waited on. Such conferences of thepeople's representatives with their constituents must be pro-ductive of much good. They give opportunities to explain matterswhich in the hurrry of business at Washington might be over-looked, and, in any event, personal conferences leave a more vividimpression than mere writings, which are liable to be buried in themass of mail matter received by our Congressmen.

The helpful cooperation with other organizations in the pastconvinces us that the activity of others, in any manner they maydeem best, will promote the end we have in view. All bodies andpersons who feel an interest in the subject should be energeticallyengaged in making their sentiments known to their Senators andRepresentatives.

If the policy of the public presentation of this grievance besteadfastly carried out, there is every reason to hope that thewrong which we have so long suffered may be righted.

NOTE.—The success attending the movement to terminate the treaty withRussia is briefly recorded on pp. 196-210.

JEWISH COMMUNITY OF NEW YOEK CITY

The Jewish Community of New York City, the Executive Com-mittee of which forms the membership of the American JewishCommittee from District XII, submits the following report:


NEW YORK, November 10, 1911.

To the Executive Committee of the American Jewish Committee:GENTLEMEN.—On the occasion of your Fourth Annual Meeting held on

November 12 of last year, we had the honor of presenting to you a briefsummary of some of the activities of our organization. Since then theSecond Annual Convention of the Jewish Community [Kehillah] of NewYork City was held on February 26, and our Executive Committee thenreported at length regarding the work of our body to the delegates of ourconstituent organizations assembled. Copies of the reports presented at thisConvention were sent to all the members of the American Jewish Committee.Following this Convention, most of the activities reported on were con-tinued by our organization, and some of the plans then presented werebrought nearer to realization. We beg herewith to supplement in brief thereports which we sent to the members through the mails.

Religious Organization.—The Vaad Horabbonim, or Board of Rabbis, isnow made up of twenty-five of the leading authoritative Rabbis of New YorkCity. A compcehensive plan for the proper regulation of Kashruth andthe elimination of the abuses which now beset us is being worked out.

As one of the preliminary steps in the direction of the proper regulationof Kashruth, we have made an investigation of all the Jewish butchers ofNew York City, and it is expected that most of these will join the variousBoards of Kashruth to be formed in different districts of the city, whichare to be under the supervision of our Vaad Horabbonim.

The Board of Rabbis appoints for every month a different Vaad Habo-rarim, or Committee on Conciliation. Before these committees, many mattersof dispute in Jewish Societies and Congregations, which otherwise wouldhave been brought into court, are taken up for consideration and oftensatisfactorily settled.

We have continued to combat the evil of mushroom synagogues and theholding of religious services in unseemly places. During the last highholidays provisional synagogues under the auspices of the Kehillah wereconducted. We also distributed among needy persons tickets for seats,which we purchased from regularly constituted synagogues. We also madea successful beginning in holding religious services for tbje children of thecrowded districts of the city, and seven synagogues for children were con-ducted during the high holidays in the auditoriums and meeting-rooms ofdifferent Jewish institutions of the city.

We have also dealt with the question of Sabbath observance, but so farhave only succeeded in arousing some Interest in behalf of those Jews whoobserve the Jewish Sabbath and who wish to work or open their places ofbusiness on Sunday.

Education.—In our last report to the American Jewish Committee, weoutlined, In brief, the purposes of the Bureau of Jewish Education of theKehillah, which was then organized. This year's work in the Bureau ofEducation has been a record year. The success that the Bureau has metwith has, of course, partly been due to the fact that there has been for yearsa crying need for such work. It will be impossible to give more than a mereoutline of what the Bureau has been trying to do during the previous year.

The Bureau made a careful study of the most important Jewish religiousschools of New York, both from their financial and their educational aspects.The financial report has been issued under the title, " A Survey of theFinancial Status of the Jewish Religious Schools of New York," and theresults of the educational study will appear in a publication which is now


in press, under the name " A Brief Report of the Thirty-One ConferencesHeld by the Talmud Torah Principals' Association of New York in Con-junction with the Bureau of Education." These publications are to be sentto the members of the American Jewish Committee.

But the Bureau did not stop at mere study of the situation. It tookimmediate steps looking to the systematlzation and standardization ofJewish religious education in New York. The first step we took in thatdirection was to obtain a Text Book Fund in order to produce a uniformseries of text books and literature for the various schools. A loan of tenthousand dollars ($10,000), known as the Text Book Fund, was obtained.But by means of text books alone the standardization could not be broughtabout. The various schools must have a sound financial basis and a goodstaff of teachers and the proper school organization to produce the desiredresults. The Bureau, therefore, has been making- efforts to obtain a largeJewish Education Fund, calculated to bring in, from subscriptions, aboutthree hundred thousand dollars ($300,000) per annum by the end of tenyears. In drder to start the work on a large scale at once, the sum of fiftythousand dollars ($50,000) per annum was needed. This sum is nowpractically assured.

In addition to the attempt to standardize whatever existing schools areripe for standardization, and to help establish new schools particularly insections where there are none, the Bureau has established a Board ofLicense consisting of five examiners, representing the various educationalinstitutions of New York cooperating with the Bureau, for the purposeof issuing temporary teachers' certificates or permanent licenses to thoseteachers qualified for the work. The work of this License Board givespromise of a better future for Jewish education in New York City.

In connection with our educational work, we have considered further thematter of giving public lectures, and have corresponded with Jewish studentsof the colleges and universities of this city, and have helped in the estab-lishment of special educational classes for the Turkish Jews, who formquite a colony on the lower East Side, and who, not knowing either Yiddishor English, could not avail themselves of existing agencies for Americani-zation.

Social and Philanthropic Work.—The Kehillah took action with regardto the catastrophe of the Washington Place fire, in which many Jewishlives were lost. We have considered further the matter of the social evil,and have taken steps to cooperate with all existing agencies to combat thisevil. We have been instrumental in having a number of indigent Jewishchildren transferred from non-Jewish to Jewish institutions. The matterof the treatment of Jews in non-Jewish hospitals having been called to tourattention, we have made an investigation of the complaints, and have alsolooked into the question of securing better chaplain attendance and servicesfor Jews in city and State institutions. The problem of delinquent Jewishgirls formed the subject of some correspondence with the Jewish Protectoryand with other Jewish bodies.

Our Employment Bureau for Handicapped Jews has continued to carryon its good work in cooperation with the United Hebrew Charities and theJewish Protectory and Prisoners' Aid Society. We have cooperated withthe Committee which is endeavoring to extend the work for Jewish deafmutes.

At the suggestion of your Committee, we have taken steps to encouragenaturalization on the part of our immigrant brethren. A tentative plan has

REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 3Q1

already been formulated, but in this, as well as in the carrying out of someof our other plans, we are hampered by lack of funds.

To attract greater attention to the work of the different Jewish organiza-tions and philanthropic institutions of this city, and to fill the want for acomprehensive and classified list of all the congregations, societies, andlodges, and the various social agencies of our population, we are nowengaged in preparing a Jewish Communal Directory, which will be Issuedthe first of next year.

This is, in brief, a summary of the leading activities that have engagedour attention since our Convention in February last. We have, in addition,been called upon to take part in various activities concerning the Jewishpopulation, and have rendered assistance in arranging numerous difficultieswhich have arisen. We are a sort of clearing house, directing many Jewsto Jewish institutions of whose existence they do not know.

I have the honor to remain,Tours respectfully,

(Signed) J. L. MAGNES,Chairman, Executive Committee.

JEWISH COMMUNITY OF PHILADELPHIA

The Jewish Community of Philadelphia was established on June10,1911, and held its first Convention on November 5,1911. By itsConstitution, as in the case of the New York Jewish Community,provision is made for its affiliation with the American Jewish Com-mittee. That provision is as follows:

ARTICLE VIII. RELATION TO THE AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE1. The representatives of the American Jewish Committee from the city

of Philadelphia shall be elected by the Executive Council of the Communityfrom among the delegates, in such numbers, and at such times as shall beprovided by the By-Laws of the American Jewish Committee.

2. The American Jewish Committee shall have exclusive jurisdiction overall questions affecting the Jews generally, not of purely local character.

3. The Jewish Community of Philadelphia shall have jurisdiction over allquestions of a local character, or which shall specifically affect the Phila-delphia Community.

4. Any person, who shall have been elected a member of the AmericanJewish Committee, shall continue to complete his term of office in thatCommittee, notwithstanding the fact that he may not have been reelecteda delegate.

It is submitted to you for such action as may be deemed requisite.

AMERICAN JEWISH TEAB BOOK

Since 1909, the American Jewish Committee has cooperated withthe Jewish Publication Society of America in the preparation ofthe AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK. The manuscript for the volumehas been prepared in the office of the Committee, and the Com-mittee has paid the cost of publication in excess of $1500. In viewof the fact that the growth of the Publication Society increased thecost of the YEAR BOOK and, consequently, the annual subvention of


the Committee, a new arrangement has this year been entered intowith the Publication Society. Under its terms, the Committeeagrees to pay $1000 annually toward the cost of publication, inconsideration of which 500 copies of each issue are placed at itsdisposal. The Publication Society is to continue to publish thework as heretofore.

In the current issue, as you are by this time aware, the leadingarticle deals with the Passport Question. It is a re'sume' of theearly history of the controversy and contains a full account of thecorrespondence of this Committee with the Presidents and Secre-taries of State, most of it now made public for the first time.

With each edition of the YEAR BOOK such changes are made inits contents and arrangement as experience proves advisable. Thisyear, two of the lists, those of American Jewish Bibliography andof Articles of Jewish Interest, have been omitted, as it has beenfound impracticable to make them even approximately complete,and their inclusion would have extended the YEAR BOOK to unduelength. With only these omissions, the usual lists and tables havebeen continued which are of value to all those interested in thecommunal and religious life of our people. The YEAR BOOK is espe-cially valuable to this Committee, as it contains in permanent formthe annual reports of the Committee.

PRESS REPORTS OF RUSSIAN AFFAIRS

On numerous occasions during recent years, attention has beendrawn to the inadequacy of the news respecting Russian affairsin the columns of the daily papers. Important occurrences espe-cially affecting the Jews of Russia have often been ignored, or, ifreported at all, have omitted salient facts. On the other hand, theRussian Government has had little difficulty in having its ownversion of events reported and given wide publicity. Those whoread the Jewish papers published in Europe, notably the LondonJewish Chronicle, have been aware for a long period that noadequate accounts of the fiendish persecutions to which our co-religionists in Russia are subjected ever reach the columns of theAmerican papers.

We have endeavored from time to time to effect a change in thiscondition of affairs, and it is believed that as a result of theseefforts some improvement in the Russian service may be antici-pated. The members of this Committee are in position to assist inbringing about the desired results, if they will, whenever the oppor-tunity arises, confer with the editors of the newspapers in theircities, and request that a more adequate treatment be accorded asubject in which the Jews of this country are so vitally interested.

At the present time steps are being taken to secure news fromRussian newspapers covering a certain period of time for compari-


son with the despatches appearing in the American press, in orderthat the shortcomings of the latter's Russian service may befurther demonstrated.

INCORPORATION

It was considered advisable by your Executive Committee to in-corporate the American Jewish Committee, and steps were takento secure a charter from the Legislature of the State of New York.The act of incorporation of 1911 is published in the current issue ofthe AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK.

At the meeting of the Executive Committee held on March 19,1911, in accordance with Section 3 of the Charter, the members ofthe Executive Committee were divided by lot into three classes asfollows:

I. To serve until January 1, 1912.Mayer Sulzberger.Isaac W. Bernheim.Samuel Dorf.Julius Rosenwald.Cyrus L. Sulzberger.

II. To serve until January 1, 1913.Julian W. Mack.Cyrus Adler.J. L. Magnes.Jacob H. Schiff.A. Leo Weil.

III. To serve until January 1, 1914.Jacob H. Hollander.Harry Cutler.Louis Marshall.Isador Sobel.

The incorporation of the Committee necessitated certain amend-ments to the By-Laws, which will be presented. The ExecutiveCommittee recommends in addition a further amendment wherebythe process of enlarging the constituency of this Committee, whichhas been steadily increasing since its inception, will be still furtherdeveloped. It is recommended that the following be incorporatedin the By-Laws:

The Executive Committee is authorized to Invite the National JewishFraternal Congress, representing thirteen Jewish Fraternal Orders, toelect three of its members to be members at large in the American JewishCommittee, and the following organizations, to elect one representative eachto be members at large in the American Jewish Committee: The Inde-pendent Order B'nai B'rith, the Board of Delegates of the Union of Amerl-

20


can Hebrew Congregations, the Union of American Hebrew Congregations,the Union of Orthodox Congregations, the Central Conference of AmericanRabbis, the Union of Orthodox Rabbis, the National Conference of JewishCharities, and the Federation of American Zionists.

In order to provide for the new members at large to be elected,the Executive Committee recommends that the By-Laws beamended to provide for twenty members at large instead of ten.

FINANCES

The contributions for the support of the Committee during thepast year, while considerably below the quotas assigned to theseveral districts, have nevertheless enabled the Committee to carryon its work, by the practice of rigid economy.

The quotas assigned are as follows:

DistrictI

III I IIVV

VI

Total, $10,500.

Quota$200

200200200200200

DistrictVII

VIIIIXX

XIXII

XIII

Quota$1300

5001200

300500

5000500

Owing to the confidential character of the work of the Committee,especially with respect to the Passport Question, it has not hithertobeen possible to acquaint the public fully with the nature of thework we have engaged in. Accordingly, it was not thought ad-visable to make an appeal for contributions to any large numberof persons. But the change of policy determined on with respectto the Passport Question, removing it from the realm of diplo-matic correspondence to that of public discussion, has enabledyour Committee to make an experiment in appealing to Jews allover the United States for support. Our first attempt was made bycircularizing the members of the Jewish Publication Society ofAmerica, asking them to become annual contributors at one dollareach. The results have been fairly satisfactory, as, out of a mem-bership of the Publication Society of between 7000 and 7500, 1007persons responded by contributing $1340.40. We have thus estab-lished a large contributing annual membership throughout thecountry. A number of persons have generously contributed con-siderable sums in excess of the amount asked for. In view of theresults attained, it may be well to consider the advisability of ex-tending our efforts to persons other than the members of thePublication Society, to aid in procuring the amount requisite tocarry on the work of the Committee during the ensuing year.


RUSSIAThe cruel treatment accorded our brethren in Russia by the

Government shows no diminution in its intensity. Though thespirit of liberalism, upon which such high hopes were based, cannever be entirely crushed out, it has made little effective progressin past years. Under Stolypin the triumph of the methods ofreaction and repression was complete.

As a consequence, the course of events affecting our coreligionistsin Russia is a weary and heartrending chronicle of the breakingup of homes by expulsion from towns in which they have livedoften for decades, of their deprivation of the means of livelihood,of the imposition of galling restrictions upon all means of educa-tion, and of ceaseless interference with the conduct of their owncommunal affairs. Students, professional men, artisans, merchants,all were made to feel the heavy hand of Stolypin. ReactionaryGovernors and administrative officials have seized upon the slight-est pretexts for depriving the Jews of the few rights left to them.

The fiendish " Black Hundreds " carry on campaigns of terrorismand annihilation throughout the provinces, unrestrained by anygovernmental agencies or any regard for law or decency of conduct.

All over the Empire, from the Baltic to the Caucasus, in Siberiaand in Central Asia, cruel and relentless officials are expelling Jewswho settled outside the Pale during the years when the laws werenot so strictly enforced. These unfortunates, leaving behind themthe little property they had been able to amass, have no other re-course than to flock to the congested towns in the Pale, where thepressure has already reached a point beyond human power to bear.

Some understanding of the magnitude and intensity of the relent-less persecution may be gathered by a perusal of the pages of theYEAR BOOK devoted to Russian affairs. The barest recital of eventsfills more than thirty pages, every one of which contains item afteritem of expulsion, of persecution, of restriction, and of repression.This melancholy record can be read only with feelings of horrorand dismay at the ultimate effect of such inhuman.and incessanthounding upon a helpless population.

A ray of hopeful light was momentarily cast upon this darkpicture when, in February last, 166 members of the Duma joined inthe introduction of a bill abolishing the Pale. But these liberal-minded men were only a handful, and could not prevail againstStolypin, whose mandate controlled the subservient majority. Noresult has therefore been attained, and the only apparent effectshave been an increase in the passionate outbursts of anti-Jewishinvective and a strengthening of the forces of persecution.

JEWS OF TRIPOLI

In March, 1911, reports appeared in the American press to theeffect that the Jews of Tripoli were suffering from famine andcholera, and were urgently in need of assistance. A request sent


to the Alliance Israelite Universelle for information as to thisreport brought forth the reply that the matter was receiving at-tention, and the necessary funds were being provided by theAlliance and other organizations of Europe.

JEWS OF GALICIA

In February, 1911, your Committee received an invitation fromthe Jewish Colonization Association (ICA), to send a delegate toa convention of representatives of Jewish organizations. At apreliminary meeting which had been held at Vienna on October 31,1910, the ICA had determined to endeavor to organize an associa-tion for the amelioration of the spiritual and economic condition ofthe Galician Jews, whose situation during recent years has becomemore than ever distressful.

At its meeting on February 19, your Committee determined thatby reason of the great distance which separates us from the seatof the work, and the large and important problems constantlypressing upon the Jews of the United States, it was not feasiblefor us to be represented by a delegate in the new organization, andthis determination was communicated to the ICA.

WASHINGTON OFFICE

The Washington office has been continued, and has, as heretofore,proved of great usefulness in keeping your Committee informed ofaffairs in Washington.

INFORMATION AND STATISTICS

Besides the preparation of the manuscript for the AMERICANJEWISH YEAR BOOK, the routine work of the office of the Committeehas, as heretofore, consisted in the gathering, indexing, and filingof articles and a few books of interest to Jews. During the year,2479 articles were indexed, for which 3552 cards were written.This brines the total of articles on file up to 10,627, and of indexcards to 15,194.

This collection has again demonstrated its usefulness duringthe discussion of the passport and immigration questions.

DEATH OF SAMUEL WOOLNEB

Your Committee reports with sorrow the death on January 14,1911, of Samuel Woolner, a member from District VII. Mr. Wool-ner was a member of the Committee from the date of its organiza-tion and cooperated with zeal in furthering its work upon all occa-sions when called upon to render service. Appropriate messagesof condolence were sent to his family at the time of his death.

REPORT OP AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 307

VACANCIES

The terms of the following members expire this year:District I, Ceasar Cone, Greensboro.District III, Isaac H. Kempner, Galveston.District IV, David S. Lehman, Denver.District V, Max C. Sloss, San Francisco.District VII, Samuel Woolner, Peoria (deceased).District VIII, J. Walter Freiberg, Cincinnati.District IX, Isador Sobel, Erie.District XI, Isaac M. Ullman, New Haven, and Harry Cutler,

Providence.District XIII, Simon W. Rosendale, Albany.Members at Large (elected for one year only): Nathan Bijur

and Isidor Straus, New York.

MEETINGS

Meetings of your Committee have been held on February 19,March 19, April 23, and November 11,1911.

Respectfully submitted,THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

ACTION ON THE REPORT, ETC.

Upon motion, it was resolved that the report of the ExecutiveCommittee be received, and that its recommendations be consideredseriatim.

Upon motion of Mr. Marshall, it was resolved that the Charter ofthe American Jewish Committee, embodied in Chapter 16 of thelaws of 1911, of the State of New York, be and the same is herebyaccepted by the American Jewish Committee, and that the actionof the Executive Committee, which had accepted the Charter, beratified and confirmed.

Upon motion of Mr. Marshall, it was resolved that the changesin the By-Laws of the American Jewish Committee made necessaryby the adoption of the Charter, which have been proposed by theExecutive Committee, be and the same are hereby ratified andadopted by the American Jewish Committee.

Upon motion, it was resolved that Article VIII of the Constitu-tion of the Jewish Community of Philadelphia, setting forth therelation between that organization and the American Jewish Com-mittee, be ratified by the American Jewish Committee. It wasfurther resolved that the State of Pennsylvania, now constitutingDistrict IX Of the American Jewish Committee, be divided intotwo districts, namely, District IX, to include the City of Phila-delphia, to be entitled to six members in the American JewishCommittee; and District XIV, to include the State of Pennsyl-


vania, outside of the City of Philadelphia, and the State of NewJersey, and to be entitled to two members in the American JewishCommittee.

It was further resolved that the amendments to the By-Laws,proposed by the Executive Committee, providing for representationon the Committee of delegates from national Jewish organizations,as members at large, and increasing the number of members atlarge from ten to twenty, be adopted.

Discussion on the Passport Question followed. Judge Sulzbergerstated that a delegation of Jewish citizens of Philadelphia hadcalled upon Senator Boies Penrose, of Pennsylvania, and had maderepresentations to him on the subject, and had secured his promiseof hearty cooperation. Senator Lodge, of Massachusetts, had alsobeen approached in a similar manner. Mr. Marshall announcedthat a delegation of New York citizens would call on SenatorsRoot and O'Gorman on November 17, 1911. Ways and means weredetermined upon to further the plans of bringing about the termi-nation of the Russian Treaty.

The Committee on Nominations made the following report:

OFFICERS

President Mayer SulzbergerVice-Presidents ! J u l i a n W> M a c k

Vice-Fresiaents j J a c o b R H o l ] a n d e rTreasurer .' Isaac W. BernheiraFor members of the Executive Committee for three years from

January 1,1912:Isaac W. Bernheim Julius RosenwaldSamuel Dorf Cyrus L. Sulzberger

Mayer SulzbergerTo fill vacancies and expired terms:District I, Ceasar Cone, Greensboro.District III, Isaac H. Kempner, Galveston.District IV, David S. Lehman, Denver.District V, Max C. Sloss, San Francisco.District VII, W. B. Woolner, Peoria.District VIII, J. Walter Freiberg, Cincinnati.District IX, Isador Sobel, Erie.District XI, Isaac M. Ullman, New Haven, and Harry Cutler,

Providence.District XIII, Simon W. Rosendale, Albany.Upon nomination of the Executive Committee, Messrs. Nathan

Bijur and Isidor Straus were elected members at large for oneyear.

There being no other nominations, upon motion the Secretarywas requested to cast one ballot for the nominees of the Committeeon Nominations.


Upon motion of Mr. Weil, it was resolved that the ExecutiveCommittee redistrict the American Jewish Committee so as togive each State of the United States at least one representative,that no State of the Union shall he unrepresented, and that thetotal number of additional members shall not exceed fifty.

Upon motion of Mr. Weil, it was resolved that the ExecutiveCommittee be instructed to prepare a list of prominent Jewsthroughout the country, and that they apportion the men on thelist into respective groups, and invite the several groups to con-tribute varying amounts annually to the American Jewish Com-mittee.

Dr. Neumann moved as an amendment to this motion that thereshall be one class, the members of which shall contribute onedollar annually.

The motion and amendment were carried.Dr. Magnes pointed out the advantage of a better knowledge on

the part of European Jews of the affairs of American Jewry, andsuggested that the American Jewish Committee take under ad-visement the subventioning of a publication in the Hebrew lan-guage, in which full information of Jewish activities in thiscountry may be given.

After discussion, it was resolved that this matter be referredto the Executive Committee for consideration.

Upon motion, adjourned.

ACT OP INCORPORATIONLAWS OF NEW YORK.—By Authority

Chapter 16AN ACT to incorporate the American Jewish Committee

Became a law March 16, 1911, with the approval of the Governor.Passed, three-fifths being present.

• The People of the State of New York, represented in Senateand Assembly, do enact as follows:

Section 1. Mayer Sulzberger, Julian W. Mack, Jacob H. Hol-lander, Julius Rosenwald, Cyrus Adler, Harry Cutler, SamuelDorf, Judah L. Magnes, Jacob H. Schiff, Isador Sobel, Cyrus L.Sulzberger, A. Leo Weil, and Louis Marshall, and their associatesand successors, are hereby constituted a body corporate, in per-petuity, under the name of the American Jewish Committee; andby that name shall possess all of the powers which by the generalcorporation law are conferred upon corporations, and shall becapable of taking, holding and acquiring, by deed, gift, pur-chase, bequest, devise, or by judicial order or decree, any estate,real or personal, in trust or otherwise, which shall be necessary


or useful for the uses and purposes of the corporation, to theamount of three millions of dollars.

Sec. 2. The objects of this corporation shall be, to prevent theinfraction of the civil and religious rights of Jews, in any partof the world; to render all lawful assistance and to take appro-priate remedial action in the event of threatened or actual in-vasion or restriction of such rights, or of unfavorable discrim-ination with respect thereto; to secure for Jews equality ofeconomic, social and educational opportunity; to alleviate theconsequences of persecution and to afford relief from calamitiesaffecting Jews, wherever they may occur; and to compass theseends to administer any relief fund which shall come into itspossession or which may be received by it, in trust or otherwise,for any of the aforesaid objects or for purposes comprehendedtherein.

Sec. 3. The business and affairs of said corporation shall beconducted by a board of not less than thirteen or more thantwenty-one, to be known as the executive committee, and thepersons named in the first section of this act as incorporators,shall constitute the first executive committee of said corporation.At the first meeting of said executive committee held after thepassage of this act, the members thereof shall be divided intothree classes, the first of which shall hold office until Januaryfirst, nineteen hundred and twelve, the second for one year there-after, and the third for two years thereafter, and such membersof said executive committee as may be thereafter added to saidcommittee shall in like manner be apportioned to said threeclasses. At the expiration of the term of any member of theexecutive committee his successor shall be elected for the termof three years. All vacancies which may occur in said committeeshall be filled until the ensuing election by said committee. Anannual election for the members of said executive committee shallbe held at such time and in such manner as shall be fixed by theby-laws to be adopted by said executive committee. At all meet-ings of the executive committee one-third of said committee shallconstitute a quorum for the transaction of business, but no by-law shall be adopted, amended or repealed without the presenceof a majority of the members of said committee for the time be-ing; provided, however, that the by-laws with respect to mem-bership in the corporation shall not be altered, revised or amendedexcept as provided in section four of this act.

Sec. 4. The members of said corporation shall consist of thepersons who shall be designated and chosen for membership bysuch method or methods and by such organizations, societies andnominating bodies as shall be provided in by-laws to be adoptedfor that purpose by the executive committee, such by-laws beinghowever, subject to alteration, revision or amendment at anyregular meeting of the members of the corporation or at a meeting

REPORT OF AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE 3H

called for such purpose; provided that thirty days notice be givenof the proposed change and that such alteration, revision or amend-ment shall be carried by a majority of at least twenty votes; andnot otherwise.

Sec. 5. This act shall take effect immediately.

BY-LAWSRevised November 11, 1911I. DISTRICT REPRESENTATION

The members of the Corporation, who for purposes of convenienceshall be known as the General Committee, shall be chosen in themanner hereinafter provided from the several districts hereinafterenumerated and described as follows:

I. North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida. 2 members.II. Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi. 2 members.III. Louisiana, Texas, Arizona, New Mexico. 2 members.IV. Arkansas, Missouri, Kansas, Colorado. 3 members.V. California, Washington, Oregon, Utah, Idaho, Nevada. 3

members.VI. Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, Montana, Wyoming, North

Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Michigan. 4 members.VII. Illinois. 7 members.VIII. Indiana, Kentucky, Ohio, West Virginia. 5 members.IX. City of Philadelphia, New Jersey. 6 members.X. Maryland, Virginia, Delaware, District of Columbia. 3 mem-

bers.XI. Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecti-

cut, Rhode Island. 3 members.XII. New York City. 25 members.XIII. New York, exclusive of the city. 2 members.XIV. Pennsylvania, exclusive of Philadelphia. 3 members.

II. MEMBERS OF THE GENERAL COMMITTEE.

The General Committee, excepting members at large, shall bedivided into five groups by lot, which groups shall hold office forone, two, three, four, and five years respectively, their successorsto serve five years.

In District XII, the members of the Executive Committee of theJewish Community of New York City, not more than 25 in number,shall constitute the members of the Committee from that District.In District IX, the members of the Committee, not more than sixin number, shall be elected by the Executive Council of the JewishCommunity of Philadelphia.

Members whose terms expire shall be succeeded by residents ofthe same district, and shall be elected by the Advisory Councils ofthe respective districts, or by such method as may hereafter beadopted by the Committee.


Elections by the Advisory Councils shall be held on or beforeOctober 1 of each year, and the Secretary of the Committee shallbe notified of the results on or before October 15 of each year.

At the annual meeting, upon nomination by the Executive Com-mittee, members at large, not exceeding twenty in number, may beelected, who shall serve for one year, provided that not more thanfive shall be elected from any one district.

The Executive Committee is authorized to invite the NationalJewish Fraternal Congress, representing thirteen Jewish fraternalorders, to elect three of its members to be members at large in theAmerican Jewish Committee, and the following organizations toelect one representative each to be members at large in the Amer-ican Jewish Committee: The Independent Order B'nai B'rith, theBoard of Delegates of the Union of American Hebrew Congrega-tions, the Union of American Hebrew Congregations, the Union ofOrthodox Congregations, the Central Conference of AmericanRabbis, the Union of Orthodox Rabbis, the National Conferenceof Jewish Charities, and the Federation of American Zionists.

III. OFFICERS

The officers of the General Committee shall be a President, twoVice-Presidents and a Treasurer, selected from among the members,and a Secretary who need not be a member of the General Com-mittee, and who shall be elected by the Executive Committee, un-less otherwise ordered. The officers shall serve for one year oruntil their successors are elected.

IV. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

The General Committee shall elect not less than nine nor morethan seventeen members who together with the four officers, to wit,the President, Vice-Presidents and Treasurer, shall constitute theExecutive Committee, one-third of the membership of which shallconstitute a quorum for the transaction of business.

The Executive Committee shall, whenever it shall deem it advis-able, report its proceedings or such part thereof as it shall deter-mine to the members of the General Committee by mail, and shallrender a complete report of all matters considered and acted upon,at the annual meeting of the committee. Special Committees maybe designated by the Executive Committee from the body of theGeneral Committee, which Special Committees shall report to theExecutive Committee from time to time.

V. MEETINGS

A stated meeting of the General Committee shall be held annuallyon the second Sunday in November at the City of New York, unlessthe Executive Committee in their discretion determine otherwise.Special meetings shall be called upon the written request of twenty-five members of the General Committee or may be called by the


Executive Committee of its own motion. Twenty-one membersshall constitute a quorum of the General Committee.

Regular meetings of the Executive Committee shall be held atleast once every three months. Special meetings of the ExecutiveCommittee may be held at the instance of the chairman or at therequest of three members of that committee.

Notice of special meetings of the General Committee or of theExecutive Committee shall be given by mail or telegraph to themembers, stating as nearly as possible, within the discretion of theExecutive Committee, the purpose for which the meeting is called.

VI. VACANCIES

Vacancies caused by death, disability or resignation, shall befilled by the Advisory Council or other elective body of the districtin which the vacancy occurs.

Upon the occurrence of a vacancy the Secretary shall notify thesecretary of the district in which the vacancy exists, and an elec-tion shall be held by the Advisory Council or other elective body ofsuch district, within one month from the time of receiving suchnotification, and the Secretary shall be promptly notified of theresult.

In default of action by the Advisory Councils, or other electivebodies, vacancies in the General Committee may be filled at theannual meeting.

VII. OFFICES AND AGENCIES

The principal office of the General Committee shall be establishedin the City of New York, and other offices and agencies may beestablished outside of New York as the General Committee or theExecutive Committee may from time to time deem necessary.

AMENDMENTS

These By-Laws, except as limited by the Charter, shall be subjectto alteration, revision or amendment at any regular meeting of theGeneral Committee or at a meeting thereof called for such purpose,provided that thirty days notice be given of the proposed change,and that the motion for amendment be carried by a majority of atleast 20 votes.

ADVISORY COUNCILI. GENERAL POWEES

1. There shall be organized in each district, in the manner here-inafter provided, an Advisory Council for the following purposes:

2. To take such action as shall from time to time be expresslydelegated to it by the General or Executive Committees.

3. To report promptly to the General or Executive Committeeswith respect to any subject that shall be referred to it for informa-tion or investigation.


4. To consider such matters of Jewish interest as shall be broughtto its attention through any agency, and to make such recommenda-tions thereon to the General or Executive Committees as shall bedeemed advisable, but in no case to initiate, authorize or take anyaction except as specially thereunto delegated as hereinbeforeprovided.

II. MEMBERSHIP

1. On or before October 1,1907, the members of the General Com-mittee from each district shall nominate to the Executive Com-mittee ten Jewish residents of such district for every member ofthe General Committee allotted to said district, and upon confirma-tion of such nominations by the Executive Committee, the personsso approved, together with the members of the General Committeefrom said district, shall constitute the Advisory Council thereof.Should the Executive Committee reject any nominee, new nomina-tions shall be submitted for approval until the membership of theAdvisory Council shall be complete. The General Committee or theExecutive Committee may, by resolution adopted at any meeting,authorize an increase of the membership of the Advisory Councilof any district, in which case the additional members shall bechosen in the manner hereinbefore provided, or their election orappointment by such Advisory Council may be authorized.

2. Upon receiving notice of their selection members of the Ad-visory Council of each district shall organize in the manner desig-nated by the members of the General Committee of each district.Each Council shall elect a chairman and such other officers as shallbe deemed necessary. The members of said Council other thanthose who are members of the General Committee shall be allottedby the Secretary into five groups, who shall hold office for one, two,three, four and five years respectively, and thereafter electionsshall be held annually by the members of the Council to choose suc-cessors to those whose terms shall have expired, for a term of fiveyears. Meetings of each Council shall be held from time to time asit shall by rule provide.

3. All vacancies occurring in the membership of the AdvisoryCouncil subsequent to the formation of the original AdvisoryCouncil of each district, shall be filled by election by the AdvisoryCouncil of each district.

III. ELECTION OF MEMBERS OF GENERAX COMMITTEE

Vacancies in the General Committee shall be filled by the Ad-visory Councils of the respective districts.

IV. EXPENSES

The expenses of administration of each Advisory Council shallbe borne by its district.

REPORT

OF THE

TWENTY-FOURTH YEAR

OF

THE JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETYOF AMERICA

1911-1912

JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY 317

THE JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY OFAMEEICA

OFFICERSPRESIDENT

EDWIN WOLF, Philadelphia

FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT

DR. HENRY M. LEIPZIGER, New York

SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT

SIMON MILLER, Philadelphia

TREASURER

HENRY FERNBERGER, Philadelphia

SECRETARY

DR. LEWIS W. STEINBACH, Philadelphia

ASSISTANT SECRETARYI. GEORGE DOBSEVAGE, New York

SECRETARY TO THE PUBLICATION COMMITTEE

HENRIETTA SZOLD, New York

TRUSTEESDR. CYRUS ADLER 2 PhiladelphiaCHARLES EISEMAN * ClevelandHENRY FERNBERGER 3 PhiladelphiaEDWIN A. FLEISHER

1 PhiladelphiaDANIEL GUGGENHEIM

1 New YorkJOSEPH H. HAGEDORN

3 PhiladelphiaEPHRAIM LEDERER

1 PhiladelphiaDR. HENRY M. LEIPZIGER

2 New YorkSIMON MILLER * PhiladelphiaMORRIS NEWBURGER

2 New YorkJULIUS ROSENWALD

2 ChicagoSIGMUND B. SONNEBOKX 1 BaltimoreHORACE STERN * PhiladelphiaSAMUEL STRAUSS * New York1 Term expires in 1913. 2 Term expires In 1914. » Term expires in 1915.

3


SELIGMAN J. STRAUSS 3 Wilkes-Barre, Pa.

CYRUS L. SULZBERGER3 New YorkHON. MAYER SULZBEEGER a PhiladelphiaA. LEO WEIL " PittsburgHARRIS WEINSTOCK

1 SacramentoEDWIN WOLF 2 Philadelphia

HONORARY VICE-PRESIDENTSISAAC W. BERNHEIM

8 LouisvilleREV. DR. HENRY COHEN 2 GalvestonLouis K. GUTMAN

2 BaltimoreREV. DR. MAX HELLER l New OrleansMiss ELLA JACOBS

1 PhiladelphiaHON. JULIAN W. MACK S WashingtonREV. DR. MARTIN A. MEYER * San FranciscoHON. SIMON W. ROSENDALE X Albany, N. YMURRAY SEASONGOOD ' CincinnatiHON. M. C. SLOSS 2 San FranciscoREV. DR. JOSEPH STOLZ 1 ChicagoHON. SIMON WOLF 8 Washington, D. C.

PUBLICATION COMMITTEEHON. MAYER SULZBERGER, Chairman PhiladelphiaDB. CYRUS ADLER PhiladelphiaREV. DR. HENRY BERKOWITZ PhiladelphiaDR. S. SOLIS COHEN PhiladelphiaDR. HERBERT FRIEDENWALD New YorkDR. ISRAEL FRIEDLAENDER New YorkFELIX N. GERSON PhiladelphiaREV. DR. MAX HELLER New OrleansDR. JACOB H. HOLLANDER BaltimoreDR. JOSEPH JACOBS New YorkREV. DR. J. L. MAGNES New YorkLEON S. MOISSEIFF New YorkREV. DR. DAVID PHILIPSON CincinnatiDR. SOLOMON SCHECHTER New YorkREV. DR. SAMUEL SCHULMAN New YorkHON. OSCAR S. STRAUS New YorkSAMUEL STRAUSS New York

The Board of Trustees meets in January, March, May, andOctober. '

The Publication Committee meets in the afternoon of the firstSunday in January, February, March, April, May, June, October,November, and December.1 Term expires In 1913. 2 Term expires In 1914. 8 Term expires In 1915.

4


MEETING OP THE TWENTY-FOURTH YEAEThe annual meeting of The Jewish Publication Society of

America was held Sunday evening, May 26, 1912, at Keneseth IsraelTemple, Broad Street, above Columbia Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa.

The President of the Society, Mr. Edwin Wolf, called the meet-ing to order. Mr. I. George Dobsevage, of New York, acted asSecretary of the meeting. The President read his annual address.

PRESIDENT'S ADDRESSLadies and Gentlemen:

We have concluded our twenty-fourth year with the largest membershipin the history of the Society. We have now over ten thousand members.Compared with the preceding year, this means a net increase of thirty-three per cent, or four thousand members. The largest gains were securedin the Central West and in New England. New Hampshire, which hadfive members, now has about twenty times that number, the small Jewishcommunity of Manchester alone supplying eighty members.

An encouraging item is the steady increase of the sales of our publica-tions. In 1902 our total income from sales for the year was $1700 ; in1907 it grew to $2500. Last year the actual sales were about $14,000.Graetz's " History of the Jews " still continues to be our best seller, thoughby its side we have succeeded in creating a demand for our other books,and are establishing in many homes collections of Jewish books requiring amore than five-foot shelf to hold them.

In all we distributed last year over forty thousand copies of ourpublications.

Gratifying as these results are, we must not fail to take into accountthe heavy cost of publishing our books and bringing them to the attentionof new readers. Last year we spent thirty thousand dollars for themanufacture of our new publications, replenishing our old stock, and forcommissions to agents for securing new members. With the constant in-crease in the cost of production, the problem of meeting this outlay hasbecome grave. In all departments of industrial life the price of commoditieshas risen to meet the increased cost of production and distribution. Arewe not justified in asking our members to face the situation? With thisend in view, I would recommend that, this meeting deliberate upon theadvisability of increasing our annual dues to five dollars.

Our Board of Trustees has decided to start to-night a campaign for theestablishment of a fund sufficient to insure the publication of the BibleTranslation, and to enable us to erect a permanent home for the Society.With proper encouragement we should be able to announce at our twenty-fifth annual meeting, in 1913, that the Society has succeeded in placingitself on a sound financial basis. This would constitute a most fittingcelebration after a quarter of a century of activity in behalf of Judaismand Jewish literature.

The books of the past year have been favorably received by the publicand the press. We shall hear to-night a critical valuation from oneeminently qualified to review them. The publications of the forthcomingyear will consist of a romance of the Egyptian bondage entitled " The Signabove the Door," by Mr. W. W. Canfield. THE AMERICAN JEWISH YEAHBOOK for 5673 will contain an article on the Jew in Agriculture which, ifnot so effective in producing a practical, immediate result as the article

21 5


on the Passport Question, will, nevertheless, be of far-reaching value. Thethird book of the year will be a collection of essays from the pen ofProfessor Israel Abrahams, of Cambridge University, England. The lastbook of the year will be the fourth volume of Professor Ginzberg's " Legendsof the Jews."

The Bible editors are now revising the Book of Psalms. Soon they willhave finished the entire revision, and we shall be confronted with theproblem of a ready manuscript, an expectant public, but no funds to pay forpaper, printing, binding, and shipping. I shall not dwell upon the im-portance and timeliness of these matters, as I prefer to hear an expressionof opinion from the members present, to whom the extensive developmentof our work must appeal with especial force.

REPORT OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES FOR 1911-1912The Report of the Board of Trustees was as follows:The Jewish Publication Society of America has concluded its

twenty-fourth year.The Board of Trustees elected the following officers: Treasurer,

Henry Fernberger, of Philadelphia; Acting Treasurer, Joseph H.Hagedorn, of Philadelphia; Secretary, Lewis W. Steinbach, ofPhiladelphia; Assistant Secretary, I. George Dobsevage, of NewYork; Secretary to the Publication Committee, Henrietta Szold, ofNew York.

The following were chosen members of the Publication Com-mittee: Mayer Sulzberger, of Philadelphia; Cyrus Adler, of Phila-delphia; Henry Berkowitz, of Philadelphia; Solomon Solis Cohen,of Philadelphia; Herbert Friedenwald, of New York; Israel Fried-laender, of New York; Felix N. Gerson, of Philadelphia; MaxHeller, of New Orleans; Jacob H. Hollander, of Baltimore; JosephJacobs, of New York; J. L. Magnes, of New York; Leon S. Moisseiff,of New York; David Philipson, of Cincinnati; Solomon Schechter,of New York; Samuel Schulman, of New York; Oscar S. Straus, ofNew York; Samuel Strauss, of New York. Mayer Sulzberger waselected by the Committee as its Chairman.

PUBLICATIONSThe publications issued during 1911-1912 were as follows:1. The Legends of the Jews, Vol. 3, by Louis Ginzberg.2. The American Jewish Year Book 5672, edited by Herbert

Friedenwald.3. Essays by Ahad Ha-'Am, translated by Leon Simon.4. Yiddish Tales, translated by Helena Frank.The publications announced for the coming year, 1912-1913, are

as follows:1. The Sign above the Door, by W. W. Canfield.2. The American Jewish Year Book 5673, edited by Herbert

Friedenwald.3. " The Book of Delight" and Other Papers, by Israel Abrahams.4. The Legends of the Jews, Vol. 4, by Louis Ginzberg.

6


REPORT OF THE TREASURER

SHOWING RECEIPTS AND DISBURSEMENTS FROM MAT 1, 1911, TOAPRIL 30, 1912

JOSEPH H. HAGEDORN, Acting Treasurer,

In account with The Jewish Publication Society of America.

DR.

To Balance, as audited, May 17,1911 $8,030 50To cash received to date:

Members' dues $25,874 37Sales of Books 10,789 18Interest 1,093 05Year Book Refund 1,724 94Bible Fund 33 00

39,514 54

$47,545 04CR.

By disbursements to date:Canvassers' and Collectors' Commissions $11,574 27Salaries of Secretaries 4,149 83General Expenses of office work, post-

age, stationery and delivery of booksfrom office 4,117 84

Cost of publications, authors' fees, etc.. 20,096 85Bible Fund 1,050 14

40,988 93

Balance $6,556 11

Balance deposited with Fidelity Trust Co.:General Fund $ 394 95Permanent Fund 1,000 03Bible Fund 3,311 13Special Capital Fund 1,850 00

$6,556 11Respectfully submitted,

(Signed) JOSEPH H. HAGEDORN,May 1,1912. Acting Treasurer.


PERMANENT FUNDThe Permanent Fund amounts to $19,002.53, as follows:

Michael Heilprin Memorial Fund:Donation of Jacob H. Schiff $5,000 00Donation of Meyer Guggenheim... 5,000 00

$10,000 00Morton M. Newburger Memorial Fund 500 00Bequest of J. D. Bernd 500 00Donations 105 81Life Membership Fund 7,600 00Bequest of Lucien Moss 100 00Bequest of Simon A. Stern 100 00Bequest of A. Heineman 96 72

Total $19,002 53

The Permanent Fund is invested as follows:Electric and People's Traction Company's 4 Cost Par Value

per cent bonds $8,972 50 $9,000 00One bond, 4% per cent Lehigh Valley con-

solidated mortgage loan 1,000 00 1,000 00One bond, 4% per cent Lehigh Valley first

mortgage 1,030 00 1,000 00Mortgage, 2200 Woodstock Street, Philadel-

delphia 2,200 00 2,200 00Mortgage, 2221 Carlisle Street, Philadelphia. 1,300 00 1,300 00Mortgage, 420 Dudley Street, Philadelphia. 1,000 00 1,000 00Mortgage, 445 Dudley Street, Philadelphia.. 1,000 00 1,000 00Mortgage, 1808 Reed Street, Philadelphia... 1,500 00 1,500 00Cash on hand, uninvested 1,000 03 1,000 03

Total $19,002 53 $19,000 03The accounts of the Treasurer and of the Assistant Secretary

have been examined and found correct.ADOLPH EICHHOLZ,EDWARD LOEB.

Philadelphia, May 23, 1912.


STATEMENT OP MEMBERSHIPAlabama 110Arizona 1Arkansas 58California 118Colorado 20Connecticut 115Delaware 31District of Columbia 33Florida 34Georgia 193Idaho 1Illinois 1151Indiana 356Iowa 136Kansas 10Kentucky 162Louisiana 60Maine 2Maryland 292Massachusetts 886Michigan 239Minnesota 115Mississippi 61Missouri 232Montana 6Nebraska 52New Hampshire 102New Jersey 309New Mexico 1New York 1898

North Carolina 56Ohio 502Oklahoma 4Oregon 14Pennsylvania 1744Rhode Island 174South Carolina 55South Dakota 2Tennessee 127Texas 36Utah 5Virginia 61Washington 13West Virginia 12Wisconsin 179Australia 26Austria 1British West Indies 4Canada 183Cuba 1England 12France 1Germany 5Mexico 1South Africa 95Turkey 1Belgium 1British Columbia 1

Total 10,100

Life Members 55Patrons 28Library Members 68Special Members 492Annual Members 9,457

Total 10,100


The President appointed Dr. Herbert Friedenwald, of New York,and Dr. Max L. Margolis, of Philadelphia, a Committee on Nomina-tion of Officers.

The Secretary read a communication from Mr. Louis Marshall,of New York, relative to the Bible Fund, and a letter from Mr.Morris Stern, of Philadelphia, offering suggestions to the Publica-tion Committee.

PROGRESS OF BIBLE REVISIONDr. Cyrus Adler, as Chairman of the Board of Editors in charge

of the new translation of the Bible, reported that the editors hadcompleted the revision of about one-third of the Book of Psalms,and the entire work would be completed in about two years. Dr.Adler urged that the work of securing the funds for the publicationof the translation should not be delayed longer.

ADDRESSESThe addresses of the evening were delivered by Dr. Israel Fried-

laender, of New York; Dr. David Philipson, of Cincinnati; andHon. Mayer Sulzberger, of Philadelphia.

ELECTIONSThe Committee on Nominations presented the following nomi-

nations :President (for one year): Edwin Wolf, of Philadelphia.First Vice-President (for one year): Henry M. Leipziger, of

New York.Second Vice-President (for one year) : Simon Miller, of Phila-

delphia.Trustees (for three years): Henry Fernberger, of Philadelphia;

Joseph H. Hagedorn, of Philadelphia; Horace Stern, of Phila-delphia; Samuel Strauss, of New York; Seligman J. Strauss, ofWilkes-Barre, Pa.; Cyrus L. Sulzberger, of New York.

Honorary Vice-Presidents (for three years): Isaac W. Bern-heim, of Louisville; Julian W. Mack, of Washington; Simon Wolf,of Washington.

The Secretary was instructed to cast the unanimous ballot ofthe meeting for the nominees, and the Chairman declared themduly elected.

On motion, the meeting adjourned.I. GEORGE DOBSEVAGE,

Secretary.

10


MEMBERS

ALABAMA Alabama

Berman, I.Andalusia

Bessemer

Motile

Hlrsch, Rabbi F. K., 620 18thStein, Sam'l, 206 19th

BirminghamBlumberg. R.. 2023 1st Av.Fles, Jacoh, 2316 Highland Av.Pox, Dr. Betram A., 1700 S. 21stFriedman, J., 2126 16th Av., S.Goldstein, P. B.. 1909 2d Av.Heymann, M., 128 S. 20thJacobs, BertramLoeb, Leopold, 2205 14th Av., S.Loveman, Mrs. A. B., 8 Falrview

CircleNewfleld, Rabbi Morris, 2150 S.

16th Av.Phillips, I., 2019 QuennsenSaks, Herman. 2167 Highland Av.Saks, Louis. 2201 Highland Av.Samuels, Harry J., 2217 Orange

Av.Shapiro, Isadore, 421 Brown Marx

Bidg.Stelner, Leo K.. 2173 Highland Av.Sunday School Congreg. Bmanu ElWilliams, T., 1916 3d Av.Young Men's Hebrew Assoc, 1701

6th Av.

DemopolisFolda, LouisFranzig, J. & Co.Mayer, Morris

EufaulaOppenhelmer, Jake. 236 BroadPerlman, H., 146 Broad

FlorenceCaplan, Mrs. LenaNadler, HermanSonnenfleld, Joe

HuntsvilleLevy, Sam'l H.Marshuetz, Leo J.

Bloch, Alex.Elchold, L.Gup, Marcus, 811 St. FrancisHarumel, L.Ilanaw, HenryHess, HenryLevy, A. G.Morris, Wm. H., 18 GovernmentMoses, Rabbi Alfred (J., 407 ContlOlensky, J. W., 50 GovernmentPollock, J.Schwarz, Leon, 702 GovernmentShaaral Shomayim Sabbath School,

19 S. WaterSpira, A. n .Weiss, J. W., 303 Church

MontgomerySPECIAL MEMBERS

Loeb, Lucien S.Mount, Dr. Bernard, 315 Mont-

gomery

ANNUAL MEMBERSBehr, A., 19 WilsonEhrenreich, Rev. B. C, 58 SayreFrank, Ferd., 21 SayreGerson, M. S., 600 S. CourtGriel, Dr. Gaston J., Bell Bidg.Haas, J. C, 318 ChurchKahn, M.Kaufman. Sam'l, 37 SayreLivingston, A., 210 ClaytonLoeb, J. K.. 314 MontgomeryMayer and Mohr Co.Mohr, M., 120 SayreMontgomery, Kahl. 31 SayreOpherton, L., 301 WashingtonRice, Sam'l, 61 SayreRoswald. Simon. Jr.. 227 ClaytonSimon, H. W., 21 ClaytonWeil, Leon, 407 S. LawrenceWinter. S. J., 423 MontgomeryWise. E.. I l l AlabamaWolff, Morris M., 25 Holcombe

OpelikaCohen, J. C.Davis, Jacob, 119 S. 8thMenkov, H.

11


Alabama PhoenixMoses, W. M., Box 85

SelmaEliasberg, Mrs. Herman, 540 Lau-

derdaleHohenberg, MorrisKahn, A. G., 1422 SelmaKaplan, Rev. Dr. Jacob H., Hotel

AlbertLeva, LeoLiepold, JuliusMeyer, M. .1.Raisman, H.Rothschild, J.Schuster, Benjamin J.

Temple Mishkan Israel SabbathSchool, care of J. H. Kaplan,Broad

Tepper, B. P.Seminole

Smith, Louis, care of Mr. Baldwin

SheffieldBlock, Moe R., Nashville Av.Olein, PhilipSpielberg, J.

TuscumbiaKohn, HermanPerry, II.

TuskegreeMarx, S.

ArizonaPhoenix

Goldman, Mrs. Leo

Arkansas

ARIZONATucson

Goldschmidt, Leo, The OwlsJacobs, Lionel M.

ARKANSASHelena

Altman, G. G., 626 PoplarAltman, M. A.. 205 CherryNewman, A.. 626 PoplarRothschild, Isidor, 804 BeechSeellg, B.Solomon, Myrtle S.Welntraub, A. E., 508 Walnut

Hot SpringsFellheimer, H., 124 OakLaser, D.Mandel, A., 1117 Central Av.Rhine, Rabbi A. B., 315 VV. Grand

Av.Roth, E. N.Sabbath School Cong. House of Is-

rael, care of Rabbi RhineStrauss, GusWaldstein, Victor, 324 Hawthorne

Lake VillageRosenzweig, M. E.

Little RockSPECIAL MEMBER

Abeles, Mrs. Chas. T., 1423 Loui-siana

ANNUAL MEMBERSAronson. Dr. Jos. D., 421 E. OthBack, WilliamBaumgarten, Mrs. Ricka, 201C

Spring

Colin, Mark M., 812 RockDaniel, Dan, 909 CumberlandFrauenthal, Hon. Sam., Abeles Apts.Heiman, Max, 1100 ScottHeiseman, A. M., P. O. Box 226Lyons, Jos., P. O. Box 24Pfeifer, A. H., 1008 McGowanSanders, M. B., 1222 CumberlandS. S. Bne Israel Cong., care of Rabbi

Louis WittStifft, Mrs. Chas. S., 1302 ScottThalheimer, Ben. S.. 1006 W. 62dWitt, Rabbi Louis, 1022 W. 6th

McGeheeFriedman, IsidoreHyam, L. H.Meyer, DaveWolchansky, Sam

Fine BluffAnshe Emeth S. SchoolBlumenthal, Adolph. 713 W. 5thDryfus, Isaac, 510 MainFrisch, Rabbi EphraimFrong, Louis, 224 MainFurth, Fred. C.Marx, Henry, 1020 W. BarraqueMoore, Geo. B., 515 W. 2dReinberger, Irving, 91)4 MainRosenzweig, Wm.. 717 W. 2dSaltz, Sam, 518 E. 3dScholsberg, Max, 1208 W. 18thWeil, Chas., 112 W. BarraqueWolchansky, C. M.

12


CAUFOBNIA CaliforniaAlameda

Rosenthal, Henry, 7356 Park

BakersfleldWeill, A.

BerkeleyPopper, Dr. Wm., 2326 Russell

FolsomRevnes, Dr. I.Wahrhaftig, P. S., Route 1

FresnoEinstein, Louis, 948 K

Los AngelesSPECIAL MEMBER

Swarts, Symon, Pacific ElectricBldg.

ANNUAL MEMBEESAbrahamson, Hugo, 630 S. SpringEdelman, Dr. D. W., Bradbury Blk.Finkenstein, M. J., 211 Merchants

Trust Bldg.Hecht, Rev. Dr. S., 817 BeaconJonas, Jos. L., 953 ArapahoeKlngsbaker, Benjamin, 1617 S. Pi-

gueroaKornblum, M. S., 806 E. Washing-

tonMarshutz, S. G., 704 So. BroadwayMyers, Rev. Isidore, 917 CourtNewmark, Marco R., 977 ArapahoeNewmark, S. M., 909 BeaconNorton, Isaac, 627 Bonnie BraeSchwab, Mrs. M. B., Hershey ArmsWeisbaum, Harry, care of The Ross-

lyn Hotel

MarysvilleCheim, H.

Menlo ParkSPECIAL MEMBER

Walter, Clarence P.

OaklandAbrahamson, Henry, 465 13thCoffee, Mrs. M. H., 763 14thOoldberg, II., 935 HarrisonGoldwater, M., 927 BroadwayGrodin, Michael, 914 WashingtonHalpern, J., 1321 .TeffersonJonas. Abraham, 1103 BroadwayJonas, Mrs. M., 638 12thJudeans, The, 14th & Franklin

Kouff, D., 600 12thLesser, .1. H., Hotel St. MarkOakland Lodge No. 252, I. 0. B. B.,

214 San Pablo Av.Samuels. Hon. George, 901 Union

Sav. Bank Bldg.Samuels, S., 1269 WestSelie, Sigmund, 325 24thShafran, A., 602 Walsworth Av.Wiener, Herman, 1015 HarrisonZimmerman, Joe, 1014 Washington

Oroville

OxnardAsher, S.

Cohn, DavidLehmann, L.

RedlandsSaulson. Wm., 901 W. OliveWeiss, S. C, 19 Calhoun

RossSloss, Mrs. Max C.

SacramentoLIFE MEMBER

Weinstock, Harris

ANNUAL MEMBERSBloomberg Bros., 1021 2dBonheim. AlbertElkus, Albert, 9th and KEtham Lodge, I. 0. B. B.. L. Solo-

mon, Sec'y, P. O. Box 143Fried, Rev. Michael, 1905 O.Taffe, M. S., 321 KSimon, Max, 814 K

San BernardinoCohn, C.

San DiegoBlochman, L. A., 3260 FirstCohen, Rev. M. N. A., P. O. Box 1073Ellinger. Rabbi E., 1616 FrontMeyer, M. E., 5th and HNauman, J., 1250 9thRosenstadt, E., 3744 6thWolf, H. S., 650 5th

San FranciscoLIFE MEMBERS

Ehrman, M., 2618 JacksonGross. David, Stockton and O'Far-

rell

13


California Jacobs, Isidor, 2018 WebsterLevi, J., Jr., care of H. Levi and Co.Lilienthal, E. R., 1801 GoughMeyer, Daniel. 212 PineNeustadter, Mrs. J. H., 2504 Jack-

sonRnsenthal, I. L., 1107 Van NPSS AV.Scheeline, S., 1827 CaliforniaShainwald, Herman, 1366 SlitterToklas, FerdinandWell, Louis P., 1817 JacksonWelll, Raphael

SPECIAL MEMBERSAnspacher, Philip, 3524 JacksonAnspacher, Simon, 2604 Pacific Av.B'nai B'rith Library, 149 EddyKoshland, M. S., 3800 WashingtonKowalsky, Col. H. I., Palace HotelLande, Edward, Arlington HotelLevison, J. B., 2420 PacificMeyer, Henry, 32 Presidio TerraceSilverberg, J. S., 2863 Pacific Av.Sinsheimer, Henry, 110 MarketWalter, Isaac N., 1803 FranklinWeiskopf, Samuel, 1000 Bush

ANNUAL MEMBEBSAbrams, J. D., 1500 SutterAckerman, I. C. 2201 Van Ness Av.Alter. Marcus, 157 RussAnixter, Ben, 1424 DevisaderoArnstein, Lawrence, 240 CherryAronson, A., 2120 Pacific Av.Badt, Mrs. L., 3038 JacksonBnllen, P. L., 2136 HowardBender, Albert M., 150 PineBernstein, Sylvan L.Bernstein. William; 1325 FultonBienenfeld, Bernard, 621 Wells-Far-

go Bldg.Bleadon, C. L.. 163 DouglasBlum, Max. 2070 JacksonBoyarsky. B. W., 1341 MissionBreman, L., 373 ShotwellBreyer, Sam T., 99 6th Av.Brownstone Louis H., 27 Common-

wealth Av.Cebrian. T. C, 1801 OctavlaCohen, Philip, Goodfriend HotelCohnreich, A., 101 BakerCowen, A. H., 365 MarketDanzlger, L., 2754 MissionDavid, Charles, 1481 WashingtonDavldow, B.. 3000 CaliforniaDavis, David, 1398 McAllisterDavis, Edward. 1727 GroveDiller and Wolosky, 1250 Golden

Gate Av.Dlnkelsnlel, Henry S. W., 802 Claus

Spreckels Bldg.

Edises, Miss Ada L., 2068a MarketEpstein, Elliot M., Chronicle Bldg.Fabian, P., 3641 ClayFarber, M., 954 MarketFeldman, A., 1739 PostFleishhacker, Herbert, 1 SansomeFrank, Nathan H., 1215 Merchants

Exchg. Bldg.Frohman, Isaac, 2233 WashingtonGabriel, Seymour, 516 MarketGlaser, Miss S., 2060 SutterGoldberg, Louis, 410 San Jose Av.Goldenberg. A., 437 KearneyGoldman, Helm, 346 Mills Bldg.Goldman, I., 333 WebsterGoldstone, C. S.. 275 TurkGollober, J., 2446 ClayGordon. Samuel, 612 BuchananGreenebaum, E., 3620 ClayGreenebaum, M., 740 MissionGruhn, J. M., 261 BushGrunauer, Louis, 304 CarlGunzburger, Dr. B. M., 1264 GroveHart, M., 2620 CaliforniaHeineberg, J. A., 365 MarketHeller, E. S., 2020 JacksonHeller, H. N., 1306 FillmoreHertzberg, S. A., 1713a EddyHirshberg, D. S., 2999 Pacific Av.Hyman, Joseph, 1916 CaliforniaJacobi, J. J., 706 SansomJacobs. Morris S., 26 Ellis.Tacobson, Chas., 2125 PineKahn, Hon. Julius, 2712 WebsterKahn. Mrs. Sol., 1478 PostKallen, Nieman, 1835 So. 5thKaplan, Rev. B. M.. 267 8th Av.Katschinski, B., 399 Webster Av.Lande. D., 1878 PineLanger. Sam'l, 600 DevisaderoLerer, Joseph, 3167 23dLesser, A. M., 731 Duboce Av.Levin, J., 2758 MissionLevin, Joseph E., 1822 SacramentoLevison, A., 526 BarkerLevison, Dr. Chas. G., 2249 Broder-

ickLevison. H., 1570 GroveLevy, Meyer II., 1768 O'FarrellLevy, Morris, 629% OakLevy. Dr. S. Rutherford, 12 GearyLlppman, Mrs. H., 2590 MissionLitzberp:, Miss Phoebe, care of Mrs.

T. Schweitzer, 753 BakerLyons, H. J., 1155 DpvisnderoMarshall. S. Max, 528 KearneyMendel, D., 2516 PostMeyer, Rev. M. A., 2109 BakerMusin, E. H., 106 OrdXewburgh, Henry, Balboa Bldg.Newman, Judah, 1980 JacksonNewman, Lester, 2480 B'way

14


Newman, Simon, 2070 JacksonOrdenstein, Max, 2131 DevisaderoOser, M., 3408 ClayOstrow, M., 945 MarketPeixotto, Edgar D.; 3956 Washing-

tonRabinowita, J., 1714 SteinerHapken, M. A., 2443 SutterRedlich, Henry, 1264 PageRingolsky, G. C, 522 StraightRogers, H. M., 661 HowardRosenstirn, Eric Julius, 338 Mills

Bldg.Rosenthal, Marcus, 202 Balboa Bldg.Rothschild, J. M., St. Francis HotelSabbath School, Geary St. Temple,

Geary and FillmoreSalomon, Gen. E. S., 1634 FellSamuels, Jacob, 320 MapleSapiro, Aaron L., 2402 CaliforniaSavannah, M.. care of The Paragon,

Van Ness Av. and PostSchlesinger, Bert, 3948 ClaySchloss, Benjamin, 42 BealeSchwabacher, Louis A., 2100 Jack-

sonSelling, S. H., 1531 OctaviaShear, Mrs. David, 2404 BroadwaySllverman, Moritz, 1062 MarketSolomon, Sig., 533 MarketSolomons, Lucius L., 1402 Metrop-

olis Bank Bldg.Spiegelman, Morris, 1616 SanchezSplegl, L. M., 126 Commonwealth

Splro! I. H., 707 ColeStahl, Adolph, 1880 JacksonStarr, N., 257 Lexington Av.Sternseber, Charles, 157b Russ

Straus, Louis, 11 Battery CaliforniaSngai-man, A., 3639 17thTauszky, Edmund, 2301 DevisaderoTuchler. Dr. A. S., 703 Van Ness Av.Wangenheim, Sol., Hotel RichelieuWnscerwitz, M. H., 803 Claus

Spreckels Bldg.Weinstein, M., 643 OakWeintraub, Mrs. S., 767 HaightWerscovitz, I. J., 714 HayesWise, Otto Irving, First Nat. Bank

Bldg.Wise, Wallace A., 3550 WashingtonWolf. Edward, 3165 WashingtonWolff, Harry IC, Montgomery and

BushZusman, Dr. S., 1411 Scott

Santa RosaRosenberg, MaxTiachman, Dr. H. J., Box 95

Sierra MadreSchlesinger, T.

StocktonCohen, Albert E., The SterlingCong. Ryhim Ahoovim, S. S. Saffier-

hlll, 305 B. MainGunzendorfer, F., 432 E. MainStein, M. P.Steinhart, C.

VisaliaLevis, LeonLevy, Julius

YoloBorach, B.

COLORADO ColoradoDenver

Anfenger, Hon. Milton L., 322Symes Bldg.

B. M. H. Teachers Ass'n, 2858Marion

Bitterman, Simon, 951 HumboldtBresler, Simon L., 967 DowningDrechsler, Dr. Wm., 1418 ColumbineEisner, Dr. John, 1014 14thFrankle, H., 1249 HumboldtFriedman, Dr. E., 2754 W. ColfaxFriedman, Rev. W. S., 1060 Emer-

sonFrumess, H. H., 1220 ClaytonHalpern, Nathaniel, 411 Continental

B3dg.Harrison, J. H., P. O. Box 503Harrison, Meyer, 1457 VineHillkowitz, Dr. Philip, 1427 StoutIdelson, Rabbi I., 1464 Decatur

Jaffa, Jos. S., 811 Continental Bldg.Kahn, Samuel E., 1255 HumboldtKauvar, Rabbi C. H.. 2858 MarionKleiner, Dr. M., 1301 FranklinKrohn, Dr. H. N., 1484 GarfleldKrohn. Dr. M. J., 2780 Colfax Av.Kubitshek, H., 262 S. PearlLevy, Max M., 2128 ArapahoeLevy, Dr. Robert, 1528 OgdenLewen, Edward, 1500 E. 7th Av.Lovins, J. A., 2301 ChampaMecklenburg, Abe, 2506 Downing

Av.Morris, Ernest, Kittredge Bldg.National Jewish Hospital for Con-

sumptives, 521 Ernest and Cran-mer Bldg.

Plessner, David. 416 E. and C. Bldg.Simon. Dr. S., 1316 GilpinSpivak, Dr. C. D., 1421 Court PI.Taussig, A. S., 305 Gilpin

15


Colorado Weil Bros., 1401 LarimerZackheim, O., 1483 Boulevard FZwetow, Samuel R., 1230 16th

EdgewaterIsidore Hurwitz Library

PuebloIsaacs, D., 431 W. Evans Av.Jacubowitz, Rev. Dr. B., 1426 Grand

Av.Trinidad

Sanders, Leopold

Connecticut CONNECTICUTAnsonia

Bellin, H. G., 493 MainMorganstern, Mrs. R., 55 Jackson

BridgeportKlein, J. B.Kline, Henry S., 1352 Fairfleld Av.Moss, Isaac, 257 WilliamShapiro, Charles H., 303 Meigs Bldg.Wainer, Miss Ida R., 509 Ogden

ColchesterBernstein, LouisBrader, LeoCutler, B.Elgart, AbrahamElgart, D.Elgart, HarryGellert, Sam'lGrenowitz, I.Hershatter. B., P. O. Box 58Horowitz, IsaacKllngon, MosesMintz, H.Packewitz, E.Siegel, M.Stern, Samuel L.

East HamptonGoldberg, Samuel

East Windsor HillRubin, S.

HartfordSPECIAL MEMBER

Lyon, Bernhard, 20 Central RowANNUAL MEMBERS

Becker, Sam'l P., 367 Blue Hill Av.Bernstein, Saul. 356 ParkEttelson, Rev. Harry W., 104 CedarGoldenthal, M., 15 AffleckGreenberg, Leon. 190 TrumbullGross, Norman, 25 WInthropHarris, Louis G., 102 Wadsworth

Av.Herrup, Louis, 118 Oakland Ter.Katz, Louis II.. 902 MainKlein, M. H., 14 CenterKopplemann, H. P., 31 CantonLevy, H. P., 96 Main

Older, Morris, 11 Central RowSuisman, M., 141 Windsor

MeridenBeneger, Chas., 34 PrattBush, Alexander, 35 Randolph Av.Gross, O., 42 W. MainKennedy, S., VeteranRosenblatt, B., 68 W. MainWhite, S., 47 Veteran

MiddletownGoldberg, Adolph, 438 MainGorflnkel, M., 37 UnionMiddletown, D., 30 SumnerMittleman, I., 510 MainPerlin, Z., 86 UnionPoliner, H., 20 SumnerPoliner, Jacob, 458 MainPress, Harry, 28 PearlPress, Max, 171 MainShapiro, W., 38 BridgeTobry, S. Z., 222 MainWiernikoff, Rev. S. L., 237 MainWrubel, Isaac, 21 Pearl

New BritainAbraham, Morris, 110 KensingtonBerkowitz, Sam, 648 N. MainLewitt, M. C, 127 E. MainMarholin, Benj., 131 DwightMenus, S. H., 398 Main

New HavenAdler, MaxAlderman, Morris H., 171 Congress

Av.Caplan, Jacob, 42 ChurchFriedman, A. M., 388 Whalley Av.Jacobs, Alexander, 7 WaverlyKleiner, Chas., 310 Exchange Bldg.Kleiner, Isaac L., 39 HomeLevenstein, M., 88 Congress Av.Levin, Isaac, 81 Congi-ess Av.Newman, Jacob J., 41 ParkPearlin, Nathan, 54 AsylumSachs, M., 97 OakSmirnow, Dr. Max R., 850 Howard

Av.Steinberg, D., 132 DavenportITllman, Isaac M., 558 Whitney Av.Wolfe, Isaac, 157 Church

16


New LondonAbramson, S., 108 MainBelgrade, L., 56 Denison Av.Berman, Nathan, 125 BankBrodsky, Louis, 425 BankCharlap, Udul, 55 HempsteadCherkasky, Benj., 47 SummerDiamond, Isadore, 653 BankElionsky, Morris .T., 395 BankEpstein, Sam, 706 BankGoldberg, J., 27 BankGorchow, Barnet, 653 BankGrann, I., 125 BankItzkowitz, Sam'l, 27 RichardKosekow, L., 851 BankLibehansky, J., 225 HowardManowitz, M., 84 BankMeyer, S., 147 BradleyOckooneff, Sol., 162 GreenPlattus, S., 23 ShopelySaltz, Mrs. Jos., 261 HuntingtonSaltz, Kaleff, BradleySchwartz, Paty, 70 WashingtonSelikowitch, W., 27 W. CourtSbafner, S., 204 MainShalowsky, Joseph, 30 TrumanShragowitz Bros., 437 BankWachursky, A., 964 BankWeehatinsky, H., 964 Bank •Wein, Nathan, 30 TrumanWool, D., 202 ShawZimer, M., 119 Main

NorwichBeckenstein and Taylor, 270 MainBloom, John, 179 W. MainCramer, A., 59 SchoolDavidson, B., 23 PearlGordon, David G., 259 W. MainHertz, Frank. 30 N. ThamesLevin. M., 251 W. MainMaroff, L., 57 HighMarshall, A., 123 W. MainPolsky, M., R. F. D., No. 2Rabinowitch, H., 40 Cliff

Rosenberg, Rabbi Jos. N., 215 W. ConnecticutMain

Slosberg, Chas., 425 W. MainSolomon, S., 266 W. MainSwatzberg, Myer, 120 MainTrachtenberg, Wm., 29 SpringWeinstein, Isaac, 5 CoveWolk, B., 222 W. Main

PutnamDiamond, S., 44 Woodstock Av.

South NorwalkGans, Edward M.Greenstein, Sam'l

StamfordAdler, Noah, 49 HawthornCohen, Miss Jeanette F., 29 BrownSchachat, Hyman, 440 Main

WaterburyAlexander, Julius, 284 N. MainBerman, Dr. M. D., 220 N. MainFriedman, S. F., 53 Abbott Av.Glickman, L., 210 S. ElmHendler, Jos., 156 S. MainHerzanberg Bros., 275 BankKasdon, Sol. L., 32 ScovillMoscovitz, Dr. I. S., 173 E. MainNadel, Morris, 52 ScovillOser, M. N., 275 CookReich, Adolph, 498 MainSanditz, A., 34 CookSossin, Solomon, 260 N. MainSpirt, Morris, 141 N. ElmTraurig, Wm., 83 Abbott Av.Wellington, Solomon, 99 BriggsWillner, A., 98 Highland Av.

•WillimanticCohen and Rotblatt, MainGluskin, Abraham, 170 JacksonIsrael, Hyman, Natchug St.

DELAWARE DelawareMiddletown

Rosenberg, S. M.

SeafordGreenabaum, E.Van Leer, Charles

•WilmingtonAltman, M., 815 West 42dBarsky, Israel, 502 MadisonBarsky, Nathan, 409 KinsBenjamin, Aaron, 9 W. 11th

Gluckman, Barnett, 10th and Mar-ket

Goldstein, B. G., 307 FrenchGreenbaum, S., 1216 MarketKaaplander, Rev. M., 1200 du PontKnopp, M. Joseph, 112 KingLevy, D. L., 708 Van BurenLevy, Morris, 223 MarketMiller, Charles, 1812 WashingtonMiller. Nathan, 213 MarketRosenblatt, Jacob, 232 MadisonRosenblatt, Louis, 726 W. 2dRoth, Ignatz, 200 Market

17


Delaware Rothchlld, Albert, 814 WestSchagrin, Chas. W., 608 MarketShtofman, N., 617 N. 4thSklut, JOB., 3d and Tatnall

Topkis, David L., 420 W. 22dTopkla, Louis, 209 MarketTopkis, Wm., 408 W. 21stWilmington Free Library

Topkis, Charles, 20th and Boule- Wolfman, Benj., 825 Walnutvard Wolters, Mrs. R. W., 221 N. Browne

District ofColumbia DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

WashingtonLIBRARY MEMBERS

Berliner, E., 1458 Columbia RoadGuggenheim, Hon. Simon, care of

U. S. Senate

ANNUAL MEMBERS

Baumgarten, Julius, 1933 18th, N.W.

Blout, I. L., 710 7thCohen, Max, 509 7th, N. W.Cohen, Myer, 14th and GFeldman, A., 805 4th. S. E.Gichner, Fred. S., 422 4th. N. E.Glick, II. <;., 1508 7th, N. W.Goldman, Hymnn, 1538 7th, N. W.Heilprin, Giles F., 2620 University

PI.Hillman, Joel, 1831 Belmont Rd.Jacobson, M. L., 3430 Mt. PleasantLyon, Simon, 1416 F, N. W.

Mack, Hon. Julian W., care of TJ. S.Commerce Court

Neustndter, M., 1129 7thOppenhelmer, Mrs. Simon, 1406

12th, N. W.Peyser, J. I., Southern Bldg.Rich, M. U., 1448 Howard, N. W.Robbin, S., 602 Mass. Av.Sauber, R., 901 26th, N. W.Scottish Rite, 3d and EShappirlo, Jacob I., 1240 Columbia

Rd., N. W.Simon, Rev. Abram, 2802 Cathedral

Av.Stein, Chas. J., 626 Penna. Av.Stein, J. M., 1223 Glrard, N. W.Stern, Rev. L., 1315 Columbia RoadStone, Nahum I., 3425 NewarkSugar, A. J., 504 E, N. W.Wangerstein, S., 1343 Fairmount,

N. W.Washington Hebrew Congregation,

I. L. Blout, Pres., 806 7th, N. W.Wolf, J., 1819 15th, N. W.Wolf, Hon. Simon, 700 14th

FloridaJacksonville

SPECIAL MEMBERKaufman, S. R., 1311 Laura

ANNUAL MEMBERSAltmayer, Sam., 340 West BeaverBarchan, Leopold, 319 W. BayCohen, J. E.Endel, Albert M., 1502 LauraEndel, MarcusFinkelstein, Gabriel, 717 W. AdamsFinkelstein, Henry, 633 W. BayFinkelstein, Neal, 139 W. AsheyGlickstein, Harry, 618 W. MonroeGrunthal, Rudolph, 9 W. StateHlrschberg, Julius, P. O. Box 1035Jacobson, Jos. E., 725 W. AdamsKaufman, David, 321 W. BayKramer, S. D., 806 DavisLevlson, A., care of Glendale Co., 39

W. 1stLippman, fjabeMoses, I. L., 340 W. MonroeNovitzky, H. R., 1524 Laura

FLORIDAPankin, Master Herbert. 717 W.

AdamsRosenberg, Jac, 738 W. MonroeRosenberg, Wm., 35 E. BaySafer, Rev. B., 611 W. AdamsSifer, Max, 814 DavisSlott, J. H. 706 W. DuvalWall, Wm., 928 W. MonroeWalter, Philip, 430 W. MonroeWeinkle, M. J., W. AdamsWeiss, Jacob, 29 E. 2d

FensacolaFriedman, Louis, 222 W. CervantesGreenhut, A.Schwarz, Rabbi Jacob D., 115 W.

Wright

TallahasseeDiamond, Julius

TampaBritwltz, M., 1614 7th Av.

18


GEORGIA GeorgiaAlbany

SPECIAL MEMBERFarkes, Sam

ANNUAL MEMBERSBrown, Mrs. D., 416 BroadGortatowsky, M. D.Landau, Rev. Edmund A., 511 Com-

mercePrlsant Bros.Sterne, S.

AmeriousGlanz, NathanPearlman, I.

AthenaBoley, Sol. J., DoughertyCohen, AaronDavis, J., 229 BroadFlatau, ArthurGoldwasser, Mrs. Ben, 373 HancockJoel, AbeJoseph, MaxLibrary of University of GeorgiaMichael, M. G.Michael, Mrs. S.Morris, Lee.Myers, Frank, care of Chas. Stern

Co.Shapiro, SamStern, Mrs. Meyer

AtlantaAbelman, Simon, 262 Capitol Av.Abelson, A., 605 S. PryorBodenhelmer and Bros., N.Boorstein, Sam'l A., 903 Atlanta

Nat'l Bank BldgBrodie, Benj. M., 322 Woodward Av.Buchman. Joe. 26 W. MitchellClein, E. S., 125 Auburn Av.Dorfan, J y 91 GilmerEllman, M., 120 Piedmont Av.Elson, P., 305 Central Av.Feldman, S., 225 IrvingField, J. S.Fordan, M., 125 PulliamFrank, Leo M., 68 E. Georgia Av.Frank, M., 1009 Century Bldg.Freedman, Jos. A., 170 GilmerGate City Lodge, No. 144, I. O. B. B.,

P. O. Box 90Gershon, Morris, 26 Capitol PI.Goldin, B., 24 W. MitchellGoldin, D., 128 PulliamHaas, Alfred, 261 Washington

Haas, I. H., 385 S. PryorHerzberg, M., 22 Howell PI.Heyman, Arthur, 366 WashingtonHirsch, E., 136 Capitol Av.Hirsch, Harold, 70 Waverly WayHirshberg, J. W., 218 WashingtonJacobs, M. B., 15 LarkinJaffe, A.. 43 PiedmontKalish, S., Piedmont HotelKline, Sam, 80 E. EllisKohn, Geo. W., 580 WashingtonKriegshaber, V. H., 6 Moreland Av.Leavitt, J. H., 30 WalkerLichtenstein, H., 10 CliffordLichtenstein, M., 78 DecaturLiebman, I., 311 WashingtonLoeb, Marcus, 439 WashingtonMaarid, L. B., 811 English-American

Bldg.Marcus, A. E., 59 PeachtrpeMarx, Rev. David. 354 WashingtonMayer, Albert, 445 WashingtonMendel, H., 107 Capitol Av.

. Meyer. A. A., 1101 Atl. Nat'l BankBldg.

Oberdorfer, Eugene, 53 W. 14thRouglin, Dr. Louis C, 409 Wash-

ingtonRozensky. D., 236 WashingtonSchoen, Isaac, 806 WashingtonSchwab, Robt. W.. 475 WashingtonShimoff. P. M.. 159 PulliamSilverman, K M.. 25S CruSilverman, H., MO WashingtonSpielberger, Jacob, 330 E. Georgia

Stern! M. K., 315 Alfriend Bldg.Victor, Ralph, 258 S. PryorWeinberg, H., 602 S. PryorWeinberg, I.. 148 Capitol Av.Wellhouse, Henry, Majestic HotelWellhouse, Louis, 418 WashingtonWildauer, Dr. B., 69 WildnerWolf. Sam., 211 W. FairZaban, Sam., 120 PulliamZacharias, S. D., 520 Washington

AugustaCohen. C. HenryPearl, Mrs. Chas., 118 GreeneReich, Dr. Leo. 1011 ReynoldsSanders, I., 986 BroadSawilowsky, J.. 965 BroadSchneider, C. H., Broad St.Schneider, Jake, 1202 EllisSlusky, DavidSpivak, G., 1327 Greene

BrunswickKaplan, S.

19


Georgia ColumbusClein, Wm.Gerson, J., 1203% BroadHaskell, PhilipHirsch, Miss Addie, 1124 4th Av.Lefkowitz Bros., 1129 BroadLevy, D.Loeb, Sol., 1230 2d Av.Rosenthal, F. L., 1255 2d Av.Rothschild, B., 1440 4th Av.Rothschild, Gerson, 1316 4th Av.Schaufleld, II., 841 4th Av.

MaconBashinsky, I.Block, A., 810 MulberryFleischer, David, 210 NewGoldgar, B., 403 SpringHeimer, M., Box 404Hirsch, Jacob, 610 4thSabbath School Beth Israel, care of

Rev. Harry Weiss, 454 NewSolomon, L., 264 Washington Av.

SavannahApple, Mark, 306 Liberty, W.Bernstein, S., 221 BarnardBleustein, L.Blumberg, J., 106 Hall, W.Buchenholz, A., 217 Congress, W.Dub, B., 811 WhitakerEhrlich, Mrs. M. G., 312 Handing-

ton, E.Epstein, M. A., 214 W. BoltonFrank, E. M., 421 Bolton, E.Frank, Mrs. Leo, 608 AbercornFriedman, Sam, 1525 York, W.Garfunkel, Miss Eugenie E., 205

CharltonGazan, Simon N., 1716 BarnardGrouse, Louis E., care of Epstein

Bros. Co.Harris, Lester, 315 Oglethorpe Av.,

N.

Hirsch, B., 225 Broughton. E.Itzkovitz, L., 407 W. BroadKravitch, Aaron, 701 W. BroadLehwald, Sam, Congress and Whit-

akerLichtenstein, J., 222 E. BroughtonLivingston, II. II., 215 E. GastonMarcus, A., 213 W. BroadMarcus, Wm., 122 Park Av., W.Medin, A., 2135 BryanMendel, Carl, Park Av. and PaulsenMendel, J.Mendel, Max, 517 W. 137thMendes, A. de Sola. 430 BarnardMickve Israel Sunday SchoolMohr, Arnson, 7 Gordon, W.Muhlberg, Miss D., 24 E. JonesPaderewski, A., 351 W. BroadPinkussohn, Jacob, 303 GroinettPrager, I. M., 2218 BarnardRanzin, A., 318 W. Park Av.Rice, Sol. S., 439 HabussherRichman, J., 147 W. BroadRosenthal, E. W., 6 Bay, E.Silver, Abe J., 1728 BarnardSilver, I., 124 E. Oglethorpe Av.Silverman, Dr. Chas., 113 Taylor, E.Solomon, Rev. Dr. Geo., 1516 Dray-

tonSolomons, I. A.. 2315 BrillSutker, Alex., 305 W. YorkSutker, Jacob, 324 BryanWeiser, J. A., 348 W. BroadWeitz, B., 18 W. 38thWeitz, I. D., 410 Montgomery

•West Point

Cohen, M.Hagedorn, ArthurHagedorn, MaxHyman, Mrs. B.Jacobson, V.

Idaho

IllinoisAthens

SPECIAL MEMBERFrisch, Sol.

ANNUAL MEMBERS

Burgheim. HarrySalzenstein. C. S.Seligman, Bros.Wertheim, Bertha

IDAHOPocatello

Rosenberg, Mrs. J.

ILLINOISAurora

Barnat, B., 62 N. BroadwayCohen, H., 7 N. BroadwayKentwortz, M., 11 N. BroadwaySheer, Charles. 108 S. 4thWeicensong, David, 119 Wilder

BloomingtonGriesheim, J. S., 505 E. Washing-

ton

20


Grlesheim, Myron H., 412 E. FrontLivingston, Albert, 701 y2 E. Wash-

ingtonLivingston, Milton R., 410 E. Mon-

roeLivingston, SIg, Livingston Bldg.Messing, Rabbi A. J., 602 E. GroveOchs, Herman S., 412 E. LocustStern, J., 506 N. MainTick, Morris, 306 S. CenterWaldman, Sam, 114 Center

ChampaignSPECIAL MEMBERS

Eisner, Albert, W. MarketKaufman, J. M., 704 W. University

Av.Kuhn, Isaac, 304 W. HillLewis, Wolf, 615 W. University

Av.Selicowitz, Abe, 509 W. SpringfieldWolff, Chas. A., 309 W. University

Av.ANNUAL MEMBERS

Klein, J., care of I. Kuhn, 304 W.Hill

Loeb, H., 301 W. ClarkStern, A. L., 909 W. University

Av.Chicago

LIFE MEMBERSFish, Mrs. Joseph, 1811 Prairie Av.Leven, Ben., 75 MonroeRosenwald, Julius, 4901 Ellis Av.

PATRONBeifeld, Joseph, 3304 Calumet Av.

LIBRARY MEMBERSHirscb, Rev. Emil G., 3612 Grand

Blvd.Kahn, Max, 3511 S. WoodKlee, Max, 1340 E. 48thIieopold, N. F., 3223 Michigan Av.Lindenberger, H., 4048 Grand Blvd.Rosenneld Bros. & Co., 174 Ran-

dolphRosenthal, James, 4801 Lake View

Av.SPECIAL MEMBERS

Abraham, A., 3060 E. 92dAdelman, Harry, 9222 Commercial

Av., S.Adler, Sidney, 5356 Michigan Av.Alschuler, Leon S., 4833 Calumet

Av.Bach, Leopold, 15 E. 114thBach, Samuel, 40 W. 113th

22

Becker, A. G., 5132 East End Av. IllinoisBinswanger, A., 1520 Ft. Dearborn

Bldg.Bovilsky, Simon, 11348 Michigan

Av.Conn, Abe, 5220 Michigan Av.Cohn, J. W., 925 Blue Island Av.D'Ancona, Alfred C, 220 MarketDavis, James, 2018 FowlerDavis, M., 1049 Garfleld Blvd.De Lee, Dr. J. B., 5028 Ellis Av.Diamond, Jacob, 1117 Ashland

Blvd.Ettelson, Samuel A., 3315 Calumet

Av.Flesh, Joel W. S., 154 E. PearsonFrank, Herman, 4646 Lake Av.Fridus, Dr. S. L., 1809 W. 47thFriedman, Eugene W., 4832 Indiana

Av.Greenspan, S., 602 N. 48th Av.Grollman I., 4943 Michigan Av.Grollman, Louis, 5213 Calumet Av.Hainsfurther, Louis, 5817 Calumet

Av.Ilorwich, B., 1240 Independence

Blvd.Jacobs, William, 5012 S. Ashland

Av.Jacoby, Robert W., 3516 Bosworth

Av.Kahn, H., 7850 Bond Av.Kahn, Louis, 9154 Commercial Av.Klafter, David Saul, 64 W. Ran-

dolphLackritz, Paul N., 1111 N. Hoyne

Av.Levinson, H. C, 4333 Grand Blvd.Lieberman, Isnac K., 432 E. 45thLieberman, Jos. L., 5824 Michigan

Av.Lieberman, Moses M., 5216 Michi-

gan Av.Lindenthal, Henry M., 4553 Ellis

Av.Lurie, Harry J., 5153 Michigan Av.Marks, Nathan. Orphan Asylum,

1243 N. WoodMayer, Benj. S., 5336 Michigan Av.Mayrent, L., 6046 Monroe Av.Minsky, Bernard, 221 N. 53d Av.Misch, Mrs. H. R., 5356 Michigan

Norton, G. J., 5163 Michigan Av.Ottenheimer, D. M., 4409 Prairie

Av.Phillipson, Samuel, 908 Ashland

Blvd.Pike, Adolph, 5213 Indiana Av.Regenstein, Theodore, 4435 Ellis Av.Rosenberg, J. S., 1102 S. Ashland

Blvd.

%\


Illinois Rosenzweig, L., 3727 Grand Blvd.Rossen, Meyer, 849 W. 12thRubovits, Toby, 4817 Forrestville

Sabath, Hon. A. J.( 2006 S. AshlandAv.

Schaffner, Robt., Highland ParkSchmalhosen, Sam., 8459 Superior

Av.Schneider, H., 1105 S. Mansfield

Av.Shaeffer, Samuel J., 4715 Magnolia

Av.Simons, L., 1129 Ashland Blvd.Sinai, Boles J., 5142 Michigan Av.Skebelsky, Dr. J. W., 9039 Com-

mercial Av.Sommerfeld, Julius, 5336 Indiana

Av.Spitz, Sam'l, 4842 Forrestville Av.Spitzer, Maurice, 1410 N. Hoyne Av.Steck, S. B., 3339 Michigan Av.Stein, Albert S., 240 FranklinStein, M., 8361 Superior Av.Stein, M., 6565 Yale Av.Straus, A. S., Lakota HotelTurner, A., Sansman and 14th PI.Walpert, Dr. B. E., 8747 Commer-

cial Av.Ware, Sidney N., 4408 Ellis Av.Weinstein, Max, 933 S. WinchesterWenk, L., 5628 S. Park Av.Wolfe, H. D., 438 E. 49thWormser, Leo F., 4737 Kimbark Av.

ANNUAL MEMBERS

Aaron, Harry. 1106 W. 63dAbelson, S., 1425 N. Irving Av.Abrahamson, Dr. S., 1226 S. Hal-

stedAbrams, Myer, 1105 S. Paulina, care

of Ideal Hebrew SchoolAbrams, Sam'l, 814 S. Hermitage

Av.Ackerman, Dr. David, 841 S. LoomlsAdelman, Edw., 2648 W. North Av.Adelman, Sam. 3128 W. 14th PI.Adler, Miss Cella, 5221 Michigan

Av.Adler, Mrs. D., 4923 Michigan Av.Alexander, David T., 1413 S. Saw-

yer Av.Alport, S., 1624 W. TaylorAlschuler, Maurice, 915 S. Winches-

ter Av.Altman, Mrs. M., 4946 Washington

Park PI.Andelman. Julius. 1312 W. 59thAnscher, A. D.. 1062 Milwaukee Av.Aren, Dr. M. L., 739 W. 12th

Arkln, Alexander E., 1412 N. IrvingAv.

Arkln, D., 6258 Jackson Park Av.Arkln, I. C, 6352 Cottage Grove

Av.Arkin, Simon, 1286 Milwaukee Av.Aronson, N., 1421 N. Washtenan Av.Ascher, Theo., 135 Michigan Av.Axelrod, D.. 6305 Ellis Av.Bach, Chas. B., 23 E. 113thBach, Mrs. E., 3432 Michigan Av.Baer, Walter S.. 5100 Ellis Av.Baerd, H. C, 3217 W. AlbanyBahr, H. A.. 5168 Indiana Av.Balm, W., 718 E. 47thBardin, Robert, 815 W. 63dBarkon, Simon, 4600 S. Ashland Av.Barnett, Dr. Harry, 1620 W. 12thBarnett. P., 2520 Prairie Av.Bauer, Rev. S. H., 3116 Logan Blvd.Beck, Dr. Carl, 601 Downing PI.Beck, Dr. J. B.. 3257 W. 12thBecker, Jos., 5934 AberdeenBecker, L., 5000 Drexel Blvd.Beckman, Ignatius, 2512 N. Kedzie

Blvd.Beilln, L., 3105 Palmer Sq.Bensinger, B. E., 263 Wabash Av.Berenson, Fred B., 237 S. MarketBergson, Dr. N., 602 North Av.Berkman, Harry. 1830 S. Turner Av.Berkowitz, Dr. J. G., 1042 W. 14thBerkson, Edward, 3502 W. 12thBerkson, J., 674 W. 63dBerkson. Maurice, 5711 Indiana Av.Berlin. Dr. S. I., 1160 TaylorBerlizheimer, H., 842 Waveland Av.Bernard, A., 1946 W. ]2thBernheim, Jacob, 4916 Winthrop Av.Berns, Dr. H. R., 3227 W. MadisonBernstein, A., 3517 Douglas Blvd.Bernstein, Alex L., 6004 AberdeenBernstein, Benj. H., 1722 W. Tay-

lor.Bernstein, Fred, 218 E. 57thBernstein, Morris D., 5236 Calumet

Av.Berwald, B., 11210 Michigan Av.Beznrk, J., 4341 Vincennes Av.Birkenstein, Al., 377 W. OntarioBirkensteln, David, 5133 KenmoreBirkenstein, Harry, 450 Wrightwood

Av.Birkenstein, Louis, 12 Lane PI.Birkenstein, Milton, 377 OntarioBloch, A. L., 8411 Buffalo Av.Bloch, Albert, 120 N. JeffersonBloch, Alexander I., New York Life

Ins. Co., 39 S. La SalleBlock, H., 1718 Crllly VI.Block, Max N., 1105'W. 12thBloom, S., 812 33d

22


Bloomberg, H., 729 W. 60thBlum, Simon S., 4927 Grand Blvd.Blumberg, Benj., 40 Hitchcock HallBlumenthal, R. J., 3823 W. 26thBobbe, J., 5050 Michigan Av.Bololin, N. H., 1037 Washbourne

Bornstein. M., 1217 E. 47thBrandt, Eli, 561 MelroseBi-anue, Emil, 6i4 S. Marshfleld Av.Braunstein, M., 4815 Langley Av.Bregstone, Judge Philip, County

Bldg.Brook, Dr. H., 2058 W. DenisonBrown, B. J., 3211 Douglas Blvd.Brown, Celia R., 1212 W. TaylorBrownstein, Dr. Bernard, 1522 W.

14thBuchsbaum, S., 5430 Michigan Av.Budan, Dr. A., 1354 Milwaukee Av.Budzinsky, Rabbi N. N., 732 S.

Hermitage Av.Burgheim, H. C, 5120 Calumet Av.Burman, Leon, 740 S. LeavittBurr, Maurice, 1213 JohnsonCarp. S., 1108 E. 03dChaiken, Marcus. 2736 N. TroyChones, Win., 5320 Prairie Av.Chulock, Dr. Aaron W., 1398 Mil-

waukee Av.Chulock, Dr. Jos. W., 1252 N. RobeyChutkow, B., 2922 LexingtonCohen, B., 3 224 Blue Island Av.Cohen, Benj. E., 712 Ashland BIdv.Cohen, David, 1324 S. Homan Av.Cohen, Edward, 9125 Exchange Av.Cohen, Geo. E.. 4940 St. LawrenceCohen, Harry E., 533 E. 34thCohen, Henry. 100S Ashland Blvd.Cohen, J. Phillips, 912 S. PaulinaCohen, Julius, 849 W. 12thCohen, L. H., 815 Winthrope CourtCohen, Louis, 4614 S. Ashland Av.Cohen, Louis, 1407 S. HalstedCohen, Louis S.. 1422 Trumbnll Av.Cohen, Meyer, 3651 Douglas Blvd.Cohen, Wolf, 439 S. PaulinaCohn, Chas. II.. 4929 Calumet Av.Cohn, P.. 4R06 W. FultonCohn, Harris. 1811 S. TroyCohns, Chas. L., 64 E. 50thComroe, Dr. Jos. I., 548 E. 49thConheim, Max. 5306 Calumet Av.Contarsy. Simon, 1101 W. TaylorCooper, Samuel, 436 W. 63dCooper, Sol. C. 11155 Curtis Av.Cooperman, Sol.. 1533 E. 63dCooperman, W., 5449 Ashland Av.Corn, Sam A., 4510 Calumet Av.Cowen, Israel, 437 E. 48thCowen, Miss Millie, 3218 S. Park

Av.

D'Ancona, B. N., 108 La Salle IllinoisDavid, Mrs. J. B., 4463 Ellis Av.Davis, Abel.1345 N. Hoyne Av.Davis, Dr. H. I., 5811 Calumet Av.Davis, I. C, 6752 Evans Av.Davis, Meyer, 1010 CurrinDe Kofsky, A. S., 1324 S. Homan

Av.De Kofsky, F., 1246 S. SawyerDe Koven, Dr. B., 3259 Douglas

Blvd.De Koven, Jake, 13ir. S. HalstedDelson, Louis J., 1026 S. HalstedDennen, Miss E., 1638 W. 12thDesser, Dr. L. B., 1411 Milwaukee

Av.Deutch, Theo., 9239 Commercial Av.Deutelhaum, Leopold, Home for

Jewish Orphans, Drexel Av. and62d

Peutsch, Samuel, 490S Ellis Av.Diamond, Dr. I. B., 1301 N. Hoyne

Av.Dinkelman, E.. 6014 Michigan Av.Dresner, Julius, 3546 W. 12th PI.Drozdowltz, Dr. A., 1107 Inde-

pendence Blvd.Drucker, Saul, 1243 N. WoodEdplman, Leon, 3441 W. 18thEichenbaum M., 1482 Milwaukee

Av.Einstein, David G., 5211 Indiana

Av.Eisenberg, J.. 1220 E. 63dEisendrath, B. D., 4339 Grand Blvd.Eisendrath. Henry J., 12 N. HalstedElsenstaedt, J., 230 MarketEisenstaedt, Dr. Moses, 4521 For-

restville Av.Eisenstaedt, R.. 431 E. 48thEisler, Alfred, Bush Temple, 800 N.

ClarkEisler, Chas., 2222 OrchardEltingon, Dr. C. H., 1355 Mil-

waukee Av.Eliassof, H., 5256 Indiana Av.Eliel, H. J., 4465 Berkley Av.Elkan, Henry, IS W. MichiganEllbogen, M., 4532 Woodlawn Av.Elson, Dora J., 2542 Haddon Av.Eppstein, Dr. Ralph M., 3336 W.

26thEpstein, Ignatz. 3406 W. 26thFaller, Sigmund, 178 StateFarber, W., 014 Ashland Blvd.Faroll, Mrs. B., 6222 Lexington Av.Faust, L., 4351 ChamplalnFeigen, Dr. Philip H., 1301 N. West-

ern Av.Feinberg, Max, 2113 FlurnoyFelnberg, S. J.. 2115 FlurnoyFeingold, J., 3006 State

23


Illinois Feingold, M. S., 4731 S. Ashland Av.Feldheimer, Louis, 4511 Vincennes

Av.Feldsher, Dr. I., 624 W. 12thFels, Dr. Leo .T., 1557 W. 12thFelsenthal, Eli B., 4108 Grand

Blvd.Felsenthal, Miss J. I., 3037 Logan

Blvd.Feuerzeij*, Isidor, Madison and Pe-

nriaFifer, A. R., 1437 W. 12thFine, L., 3241 W. MadisonFischel, Frederic A., 5139 Calumet

Av.Fishel, Isaac, 444 Wrishtwood Av.Fisher, H. M., 159 N. ClarkFishman, Dr. L., 1344 S. HalstpdFleischman, Mrs. J., 1852 Blue

Island Av.Florsheim. Simon, Lakota HotelForeman, Henry G., 108 DearbornForeman, Oscar G.. 30 N. La SalleFox, Dr. N. I., 1301 S. HalstedFrank, Henry L.. 1608 Prairie Av.Frank, Jacob, 1751 W. MadisonFrank. Meyer, 1616 Homan Av.Frankel, Dr. David A., 1384 Mil-

waukee Av.Frankel, Dr. H. L., 1444 Milwaukee

Av.Frankel, Dr. Henry, 3200 Douglas

Blvd.Frankel, M. J., 1357 N. RockwellFrankenstein, W. B., 115 DearbornFranklin, Harvey B., 3716 Lake

AT.Franklin, I. J., 918 Chamber of

CommerceFreedmann, Hymann, care of Freed-

mann Bros., 731 MatherFreudenberg, G., 1561 Milwaukee

Av.Freund, Mrs. G., 4749 Ellis Av.Frey, Dr. H. A., 1401 N. Western

Av.Fried. Isidore. 1606 W. 12thFriedlen, H. L., 1317 MillardFriedman, Fannie, 1339 S. TroyFriedman, Dr. S., 1101 S. HalstedFurth, J. E., 356 E. 35thGalantier, David R., 1341 N. Camp-

bell Av.Gans, .Tulius, 4048 Grand Blvd.Gans, Leopold. 421 N. FranklinGartenstein, Dr. J., 12th and Ash-

land Blvd.Gassman, I., 8728 Commercial Av.Gasson, Harry, 1622 W. 12thGawron, Dr. B. E., 1001 S. PaulinaGekofsky, A., 1757 W. North Av.

Geliebter, D., 1459 N. LeavittGelman, B., 1705 W. 12thGershennn, Harry M., 235 N. 52dGesas, Michael, 3338 Douglas Blvd.Ginsburg, H., 7809 Bond Av.Glnsburg, Dr. J., 834 Ashland Blvd.Ginsburg, L., 3222 MadisonGlnsburg, Sam'I, 636 Ashland Blvd.Glnzberg, M. P., 1214 HalstedGlickman, Philip, 2529 ThomasGlickson, Oscar, 1415 S. SawyerGluck, D., 4727 Langley Av.Golan, Maurice J., 1448 W. 13thGoldberg, A., 724 W. 12thGoldberg, Harry, 3340 Douglas Blvd.Goldberg, I., 6625 HalstedGoldberg, Dr. J. B., 1255 S. Hal-

sledGoldberg, Joseph, 1308 Milwaukee

Av.Goldberg, Max, 9020 Commercial

Av.Goldberg, Philip, 1210 JohnsonGoldberg, S., 2019 W. DivisionGoldflnger, H., 2030 Le MoyneGoldman, Jacob L., 3530 Douglas

Blvd.Goldsmith, Annie, 6445 Monroe Av.Goldsmith, H., 7445 MadisonGoldstein, O. A.. 2117 Alice PI.Goodman, Dr. H., 1245 Willard Av.Goodman, 1, 516 E. 42dGoodman, Isidore, 3145 W. 14th PI.Goodman, Jos., 1168 E. 55thGoodman, Max, 215 W. 47thGoodman, Philip L., 2644 N. Hum-

boldt.Gordon, Dr. D. J., 3147 S. MorganGordon, Julius H., 2344 W. Harri-

sonGordon, Louis J., 1221 S. 41stGordon, Mrs. M. Barnett, 2019 De

KalbGordon, Max, 108 N. JeffersonGottstein, I. L., 1223 S. HalstedGreenbaum, A. C, 4825 Prairie Av.Greenbaum, Herman, 4811 StateGreenberg, A.. 4722 Ashland Av.Greenebaum, Ben I., 4510 Hermi-

tage Av.Greenebaum, Elias, 4510 Grand

Blvd.Greenspahn, Fannie, 4558 JustineGreenwald, Phillip, 2766 E. 75thGreiver, Simon, 1726 Division.Grodson, Samuel G., 4660 StateGross, Louis J., 5440 Prairie Av.Gross, P. A., 159 La SalleGrossberg, Jacob G., 3144 Douglas

Blvd.Grossman, A., 325 WisconsinGrossman, E., 4627 Magnolia Av.

24


Grossman, H., 428 S. HalstedGrossman, H. A., 936 S. RobeyGrossman, Max M., 108 La SalleGrusin, M., 1421 S. HalstedGuettel, Mayer, 4746 Indiana Av.Guthman, Max, 5318 S. Park AT.Haffenburg, C. B., 4914 Ellis Av.Halperin, Dr. Robert, 1017 Ashland

Blvd.Handelman, Dr. Louis, 1159 W.

12thHandmacher, Max, 330 S. Irving

Av.Hankan, Max, 316 B. 25thHarris, Dr. Aaron B., 6106 Prince-

ton Av.Harris, Abram J., 3426 Douglas

Blvd.Harris, Joseph, 3420 Michigan Av.Hartman, A., 4527 Ellis Av.Hartman, Joseph S., 200 Jackson

Blvd.Hatowskl, Phil., 170 N. TaylorHefter, M., 5420 Prairie Av.Heldman, Julius N., 1016 The

TempleHerman, Dr. M. J., 1013 S. Hal-

stedHerst, Frank, 217 S. Central Park

Av.Hevesh, Rabbi Jos., 1505 N. LeavittHexter, Stephen, 150 StateHeymanson, J., 1630 La Salle Av.Himmel, Chas., 1137 B. 63dHirsch, Jos., 843 WellingtonHirschberg, Rev. Abram, 2636 Lake

View Av.Hirschberg, Harry. 427 E, 46thHirtenstein, Joseph, 412 S. HalstedHoltz, Dave, 4738 Ashland Av.Homer, Henry, 4801 Forrestvllle

Av.Hornstein, Geo.. 4720 Vincennes Av.Horvitz, Max, 307 E. 43dHorwich, R. B., 7037 PeoriaHurwich, Louis J., 548 W. DivisionHyman, H., 3254 N. WhippleIngham, Dr. Cecil, 1846 Canalport

Av.Isaacs, Lewis J., 1335 S. California

Av.Isacowitz, J. H.. 1392 S. TroyIsaiah Sabbath SchoolIsrael, Max II.. 4715 St. LawrenceIsraelson, Harris, 2352 MonroeJacobs, Aaron, 5118 S. HalstedJacobs, Alexander, 3148 Douglas

Blvd.Jacobs, H. Leonard, 5026 Ashland

Av.Jacobsohn, Herman, 419 W. 63dJacobson, A. I., 398 La Salle

Jacobson, D., 4504 Ellis Av. IllinoisJacobson, Dr. H. A., 1242 New-

berry Av.Jacobson, Isidor, 1513 W. 69thJacoby, Ernest, 19 Wabash Av.Jaffe, M., 5216 5th Av.Jerusalemsky, Bertha, 1500 S.

Trumbull Av.Joffee, Dr. Wm., 954 W. ErieJonesi, Wm. A., 948 W. 12thKahn, M. S., 6018 SangamonKahn, Marcus, 7809 Bond Av.Kahn, Dr. Maurice, 4624 S. Ashland

Av.Kahn, Moses, 7850 Bond Av.Kalish, Kal, 3248 Douglas Blvd.Kalish, Louis P., 5811 Indiana Av.Kalman, Dr. A. H., 1357 N. Western

Kalorn, Dr. B. A., 1024 W. 63dKamin, Dr. Wm., 1224 S. Albany Av.Kan, Dr. Alexander M., 1356 S.

Center Av.Kann, N. H., 1048 N. Ashland Av.Kanne, J., 2920 StateKaplan, M., 1541 Clifton Park Av.Kaplan, M. P., 2036 Le MoyneKaplan, Nathan D., 59 N. ClarkKarno, Max, 1752 W. TaylorKarpen, Adolph, 1092 Sheridan Rd.Karpf, Morris J., 1257 N. Campbell

Av.Katz, Alice, 8439 Superior Av.Katz, Eugene, 318 W. WashingtonKatz, I., 6024 Union Av.Katz, Sam'l B., 1040 W. 12thKeim, Isaac, 4117 Grand Blvd.Kerr, Abe, 1933 Chase Av.Kimzelberg, H., 3229 N. ClarkKirchheimer, Joseph, 5212 S. Park

Av.Kite, L. J., 1726 W. DivisionKlafter, P., 2028 SangamonKlein, Henry A., 4918 Vincennes Av.Klein, Rabbi Israel, 1916 Washing-

ton Blvd.Klein, Peter, 2518 St. Louis Av.Kleinert, A., 5014 Grand Blvd.Kleinhamer, S. E., 821 Oakdale Av.Klemperer, Otto, 510 S. Wabash Av.Klopper, Dr. Zan D., 1642 W. Divi-

sionKoenigsberg, D., 1410 Milwaukee

Av.Koenigsberg, Samuel, 1232 N. Hoyne

Av.Kohn, Fred. H., 958 W. 69thKohn, Louis H., 202 Jackson Blvd.Komaiko, S. B., 3149 W. 14th PI.Kompel, Morris, 155 N. ClarkKoretz, Leo, 4318 Grand Blvd.

25


Illinois Korshak, Max M., 18220 Kedzie Av.Kramer, Jos., 719 W. 67thKramer, Leo J., 5033 Prairie Av.Kranz, H., 914 Ashland Blvd.Kraus, Adolf, 4518 Drexel Blvd.Kraus, I., 2951 E. 92dKreeger, M., 213 W. 63dKretske, Bertha, 1229 S. Central

Park Av.Kromer, R., 1648 W. 12thKrouch, G., 4952 Washington Park

PI.Kruchewsky, Dr. S., 1317 S. Hal-

stedKruger, H., 1719 Humboldt Blvd.Kulvinsky, M., 11312 Prairie Av.Kulvlnsky, S., 4558 S. Ashland Av.Kurz, Adolph, Standard ClubLane, Dr. M. E., 3122 Logan Blvd.Lapinsky, Harry, 1419 N. Western

Av.Lasker, Dr. Herman H., 3801 W.

12thLasker, Isidore, 90 S. Ashland Blvd.Lasker, Dr. Maurice, 1145 Ashland

Blvd.Lazer, S., 4005 GranshawLebensohn, Dr. M., 712 Ashland

Blvd.Le Bosky, Jacob S., 2036 Le MoyneLebovitz, Herman J., 6311 S. Hal-

stedLebovitz, Hyman, 1400 S. JeffersonLebowitz, J. M., 8442 Green BayLederer, H. W., 1942 West North

Levin, B., 6033 Union Av.Levin, D., 224 W. 63dLevin, Ellis, 2124 Alice PI.Levin, L., 713 WellsLevin, P., 1156 HastingsLevin, R., 624 W. DivisionLevin, Dr. Samuel A., 2101 W.

DivisionLevin, Sam'I J., 110 S. StateLevin, T., 711 W. 12thLevine, B. M., 3454 Beach Av.Levine, Rabbi Morris, 1725 LoomisLe Vine, Dr. S. L., 3728 W. 12thLevlnkind, H., 3106 E. 92dLevinsohn, J., 434 E. 43dLevinson. Morris K., 831 W. PolkLevitin, D., 1008 N. KedzieLeviton, Dr. A. H., 1237 S. Turner

Av.Leviton, Dr. Henry, 1915 Evergreen

Av.Levy, Kev. A. R., 213 E. 48thLevy, Albert, 4628 Champlain Av.Levy, Chas., 1421 N. Fairfleld Av.Levy, David R., 4621 Michigan Av.Levy, Emanuel, 4814 Calumet Av.

Levy, P., 6236 Wentworth Av.Levy, Rabbi Felix A., 561 MelroseLevy, Harry, 4838 Ashland Av.Levy, Louis, 4422 Vincent Av.Levy, Oscar, 3451 Douglas Blvd.Levy, Sam, 1540 Clybourn Av.Levy, Samuel, 4927 Calumet Av.Levy, Sylvanus Geo., 3238 Vernon

Av.Lewinsohn, Lewis, 222 E. 46thLewinson, Dr. M., 3127 W. 12thLewis, H., 1749 W. Chicago Av.Lewis, Irwin P., 1246 JohnsonLewis, Roman G., 167 W. Washing-

tonLewy, Dr. Alfred, 6016 Stony Island

Av.Libstein, Max, 2304 Potomac Av.Lichtenstein, M., 4724 FultonLieberman, Samuel, 634 W. Divi-

sionLiebling, Julius, 1519 W. 12thLipschltz, H.Lipshulch, Dr. Geo. N., 920 Ashland

Blvd.Lipsky, H., 1025 LytleLipsky, Harry A., 1430 Turner Av.Litvin, Dr. A., 1225 Milwaukee Av.Livingston, Philip, 550 W. North

Av.Livshis, M., 3033 Logan Blvd.Loeb, P., 4355 Greenwood Av.Loeb, Isaac A., loo N. Clark, Room

322Loeb, Jacob M., 5478 Greenwood Av.Loewenstein, Mrs. L., 4727 Michi-

gan Av.Lowenthal, B., 4715 Ellis Av.Lubin, P., 3131 W. 14th PI.Lubinsky, Mrs. Goldie, 1029 W. 12thLurie, Mrs. I. II., 6106 S. StateLurie, J. J., 3409 26thLurya, I., 3548 Douglas Blvd.Luster, Max, 1223 N. HoyneLustgarten, S.. 601 N. 48thLustig, O., 3410 S. HalstedLyon, Mrs. Mark T., 5002 Drexel

Blvd.Lyons, Mrs. Sam'l 1038 S. Win-

chester Av.Lypski, Alfred M., 601 W. 12thMaglands, H., 2201 Potomac Av.Malke, Jacob, 3653 Douglas Blvd.Malkin, Dr. M., 1259 W. 12thMandel. Mrs. Emanuel, 3400 Michi-

gan Av.Mandelson, SI., 1159 MadisonManKowitz, Louis, 1305 N. HovneMannheimer, Miss E., 1620 Slichi-

gan Av.Marblestone, L., 535 S. FranklinMarcus, A., 20 W. Chicago Av.20


Marcus, Chas. G., 3839 Vernon Av.Marcus, Isadore. 904 Schiller Bldg.Marcus S., 1215 E. 47thMargolis, A., 423 W. DivisionMargolis, H. J., 1130 N. AshlandMarkowitz, M., 1329 N. WoodMarkowitz, Ph., 3226 MadisonMarks, L. H., 4331 Langley Av.Marks Nathan Home, 1243 N. WoodMarkson, D. M., 2832 Warren Av.Matthews, H. F., 4259 W. CongressMautner, S., 24 W. WashingtonMayer, Mrs. Levy, American Trust

Bldg.Menkin, Edward, 4937 Michigan

Av.Mesirow, Dr. E. B., 1441 ParkMesirow, Jos. B., 1512 N. Artisian

Av.Mesirow, W. H., 1300 Maplewood

Av.Messing, Dr. A. J., 4533 Michigan

Av.Metzenberg, Leopold, 5330 Green-

wood Av.Meyer, Adolph, 1245 Milwaukee Av.Meyers, N. B., 124 S. CanalMicon, Samuel, 903 W. 12thMildenberg, Max, 4817 Sheridan Rd.Miller, A., 1006 S. PaulinaMiller, Albert, 839 Lowell PI.Miller, I., 1604 OakMiller, Dr. Louis, 1624 W. TaylorMiller, O.. 1106 S. HalstedMinchin, H., 2607 Milwaukee Av.Minck, Herman, 2558 Potomac Av.Minck. Louis, 904 Schiller Bldg.Mindlin, Dr. Albert, 1546 W. 12thMindlin, Dr. B., 1301 N. Western

Av.Mogoolski, A. B., 2503 Kedzie Blvd.Morris, Benj. I.. 1458 W. TaylorMorris, E. L., 1482 Clybourn Av.Morris, Harry, 3343 W. 12thMorris, Louis, 1247 S. Homan Av.Morris, Louis, 1021 Ashland Blvd.Morton, M., 1552 S. Turner Av.Moses, Adolph, 4139 Drexel Blvd.Mossier. E. I., 3444 Janssen Av.Mount Zion Liquor House, 1125 Blue

Island Av.Muchnic, Dr. A. M., 2908 W. Nortb

Av.Nachman, Isadore A., 225 E. 60thNaftalin, T. H., 3132 S. MorganNastir, Harry A., 1113 S. HalstedNathan, T., 1409 E. 62dNatkin, Isidor, 3044 Jackson Blvd.Neumark, B., 1458 BlumNeveleff, Sam'l, 1610 W. 12thNewman, A. B., Standard ClubNewman, A. J., 1257 N. Western Av.

Newman, Miss Freda, 907 Ashland IllinoisBlvd.

Newman, Sam'l W., 1245 W. ChicagoAv.

Newmann, Edw. H., 5749 MichiganAv.

Niederman, M., 1306 N. Kedzie Av.Nierman, Etta, 1422 W. PolkNovy, Dr. B. N., 810 W. 12thNnta, Dr. M., 928 S. HalstedOsherman, M. E., 1030 S. Sanga-

monParadise, H. M., 1240 W. 64thParadise, M. A., 1628 S. Sawyer

Av.Peres, Frederick, 109 45thPerlman, Israel B., 3351 Douglas

Blvd.Perlman, Jake, 1607 WellsPerlove, Dr. A. J., 1217 S. HalstedPerlstein, Moses, 1400 W. TaylorPflaum, A. J., 153 La SallePhillips, Samuel, 6332 S. GreenPhillipson, Louis, 904 Ashland Blvd.Pick, George, 4735 Kimbark Av.Pierce, D., 10647 Hoxie Av.Pincus, Samuel Z., 1506 Tribune

Bldg.Pines, Geo. S., 4545 Vincennes Av.Platt, B. N., 1414 S. Albany Av.Platt, S. P., 1526 Albany Av.Polokow, Louis M., 3159 W. 12thPolokow, Maurice, 3708 Douglas

Blvd.Price, Jos. S., 4955 Michigan Av.Quasser, Julius H., 2400 N. Kedzie

Blvd.Rabinowitz, Sol., 836 S. PaulinaRacine, Geo., 636 N. Ashland Av.Raemer, M., 1245 Milwaukee Av.Rappaport, Rev. Julius, 2128 Crys-

talRedner, A. 1417 Milwaukee Av.Reinhart, Dr. Maurice, 1228 S. Hal-

stedReisman, J., 1000 LoomlsRest, A., 732 MaxwellRichman, Sam'l, 1402 JohnsonRichter, Simon, 2120 StateRightman, Dr. S. M., 849 W. 12thRinger, Jacob, Ft. Dearborn Bldg.Ringer, Wm, 146 W. Van BurenRiskind, J., 8824 Commercial Av.Rissman Bros., 1119 W. 12thRittenberg, Mrs. Wm., 4723 StateRobenstein, Dr. H., 1618 W. 12thRobineau, Jos. F., 7256 Yale Av.Robins, Max, 821 S. WinchesterRodgers, Leon J., 1525 ParkRoesing, J. G.. 1301 N. Western Av.Rolnick, M., 536 W. Division

27


Illinois Romberg, Mrs. Edw., 2213 CalumetAv.

Rose, Louis W., 105 W. MonroeRoseman, Isaac, 3357 W. 15thRoseman, Sam'l, 1620 Homan Av.Uosen, I., 638 N. ClarkRosen, Dr. .1. G., 1448 W. 12t.hRosen, S., 671 La Salle Av.Rosen, Snm, 2005 K. 16thRosen, Sam, 1117 S. Central Pk.

Av.Rosenbaum, Joseph, Auditorium

AnnexRosenbaum. Walter, 417 Postal

Telegraph Bldg.Rosenberg, Mrs. Julius, 3754 Michi-

gan Av.Rosenberg, Louis, 2704 Evergreen

Av.Rosenblatt, S. J.. 3513 Douglas Blvd.Rosenblum, Dr. S., 1364 N. RobeyRosenblutt, L., 5427 Calumet Av.Rosenfeld, EL, 1311 N. Western Av.Rosenfeld. Mrs. M., 4900 Ellis Av.Rosenfield, L., 174 RandolphRosenstein, M., 6326 S. Ashland

Av.Rosenthal, Harry, 1230 Central

Park Av.Rosenthal, James, 1225 Blue Island

Av.Rosenthal, James, 4801 Lake Av.Rosenwald, M. S., 4907 Grand Blvd.Rosenzweig, Dr. Geo. K., 919 W.

12thRosenzweig, Hyman, 1055 W. 61stRosenzweig, Dr. I. M., 1217 TaylorRosenzweig, Ira, 4323 Vernon Av.Ross, Sam, 1313 N. Oakley Av.Rossonsky, W., 4620 S. Ashland Av.Rothblum, Nettie, 4414 Sheridan

Rd.Rothstein, Jos., 3243 GreenshawRuben, Chas., 3022 Archer Av.Rubenstein, H.. 1137 S. HalstedRuekberg, Benj. P.. 356 E. 60thSabel, Solomon, 6847 S. HalstedSachar, Ch.Sachs, L. A., 3131 Lincoln Av.Salamon, Wm. E., 4635 Michigan

Salmon, M., 3700 S. HalstedSaltlel, Leopold. 913 Sheridan Rd.Saltzman, M., 903 S. Marshfleld Av.Saltzman, Samuel, 903 S. Marah-

fleld Av.Samuels, Benjamin, 6225 Drexel Av.Samuelson, Frank, 1002 Blue Island

Av.Sandbach, Samuel, 3260 Ogden Av.Sander, Jacob, 5326 Prairie Av.Sax, M., & Co., 3050 E. 92d

Schachter, Dr. J., 1535 W. NorthAv.

Sehaffer, Arthur B., 3959 Ellis Av.Kehaffer. Isaac, 1389 Milwaukee Av.Schaffer, M., 1937 MadisonSchatfner, Daniel J., 2035 Evergreen

Av.Sclianfarber, Rev. T., 4049 Grand

I'.lvd.Schetnitz, Sam., 555 N. 48th Av.Rchiff, Albert, 1111 W. 61stPchiff. B. J., 614 Ashland BlvdSchiff, Chas., 6441 Stewart Av.Sehiff, S. B., 1031 S. Winchester

Av.Schiff, Samuel, 6242 Wentworth

Av.Schlesinger, Louis, 1744 W. Divi-

sionSchllman, Benj., 5414 Cornell Av.Schloessinger, Henry J., 410 S.

ClarkSchoenbrod, Nathan, 1403 ParkSchoolman, Dr. H. M., 1426 Mil-

waukee Av.Schoolman, Dr. Noah, 1616 W. 12thSchor, I., 1031 Blue Island Av.Schrager, Dr. V. L., 1620 W. 12thSchur, Herman, 921 Buena Av.Schwartz, Dr. M. D., 2328 Mil-

waukee Av.Seeberg, Jacob, 341 E. 115thSeelenfreund, A. B., 1248 Tribune

Bldg.Segal, A., 607 WellsSegal, Henry, 5822 Prairie Av.Segal, S., 746 WellsSegil, L. J., 3310 Lincoln Av.Selig, Louis C, 1657 S. TroySelig, Sidney H., 5645 Prairie Av.Selig, Sigmund, 849 GraceSelz. Morris, 1717 Michigan Av.Sentinel Publishing Co., 810 Ft.

DearbornShabad, Henry M., 4041 Indiana

Av.ShafCner, Mrs. Chas., 1026 E. 49thShapora, Chas. M., 1502 N. Kedzie

Av.Shapera, Frank, 5418 Ashland Av.Shapera, Morris L., 815 S. Winthrop

Ct.Shapera, William H., 3317 Beach

Av.Shapinsky, Dr. J. T., 572 W. 12thShapiro, Miss G., 1255 S. Lawndale

Av.Shapiro, Dr. H. B., 933 S. Win-

chester Av.Shapiro, I., 1127 Blue Island Av.Shapiro, Jacob F., 3710 W. 13thShapiro, R. A., 1459 W. Taylor

28


Shaudinisky, B. & Co., 1758 Jack-son Blvd.

Sheff, Harry, 1459 W. 47thShere, Dr. Alex. A., 1009 S. Hal-

stedShiller, A., 223 N. 49thShiller, Harry, 4849 PultonShless, Dr. A. L., 1237 S. HalstedShlutz, H., 1140 N. TaylorShulman, A. Mordecai, 808 Win-

throp CourtShulman, M., 1108 Ashland BlockShure, B., 620 W. 12thShure, Nathan, 220 MadisonShutan, Elias, 4942 Washington Pk.

Sider, Chas. D., 1423 Turner Av.Slder, H., 1309 Blue Island Av.Sider, Julius M., 2916 S. StateSiegan, Joseph, 641 W. North Av.Siegel, Sam., 6444 Union Av.Silber, Rabbi Saul, 729 S. AshlandSilverberg, Dr. Geo. M., 4759 Win-

throp Av.Silverman, Anna, 1047 N. RobeySimon, Chas .1., 3020 E. 92dSimon, H., 3761 VernonSimon, Henry, 6514 Normal Blvd.Simon, S. J., 11338 Michigan Av.Singer, Dr. J. I., 1160 Van BurenSissman, Peter, 30 N. La SalleSissman, Philip, 6443 GreenSlawitsky, S. T., 4721 Calumet Av.Sloan, Nathan, 3612 W. PolkSmith, J. I., 1567 S. K'edzie Av.Smith, Meyer M., 580 E. 115thSoboroff, Dr. S. H., 1300 N. Maple-

wood Av.Solomon, Mrs. Hannah G., 4406

Michigan Av.Solon, Moses, 2534 DivisionSonnenschein, Edw., 4625 Calumet

Av.Sonnenschein, Dr. Robert, 4744

Prairie Av.Sopkin, Isidor, 1843 W. MadisonSouth Chicago Literary SocietySpatz, Dr. Maximilian, 1015 S.

Western Av.Spiesberger, H. T., 4816 Porrestville

Av.Spira, Henry, 3524 W. 26thSpivack, John, 1415 Centre Av.Stangle, Sam., 6410 SangamonStark, J., 8844 Commercial Av.Stein, A., 720 S. PaulinaStein, Adolph, 4927 Lake Av.Stein, B., 39 StateStein, Bella, 5221 Michigan Av.Stein, Israel, 17r,3 W. North Av.Stein. M. J., 1136 American Trust

Bldg.

Stein, Samuel, 372 S. Halsted niinoigSteiner, John J., 1577 Milwaukee

Av.Stengel, Jacob, 621 W. 62dSterling, LouisStern, David, 1047 W. Madison Av.Stern, H. B., 3604 Prairie Av.Stern, M., 448 W. North Av.Stern, Max, 4732 Grand Blvd.Sternberg Bros., 833 S. Winchester

Av.Stol, Dr. Sebastian, 1620 W. 12thStolintzky, J. M., 1620 W. 12thStolz, Rev. Dr. Joseph, 4827 Lang-

ley Av.Stone, Mrs. Julius, 4429 Berkeley

Av.Stone, Peter, 724 S. Winchester Av.Straus, Leo, 2955 Prairie Av.Straus, Meyer L., 728 W. MadisonStraus, Simeon, 3943 Ellis Av.Straus, Simon, 3440 Michigan Av.Stumer, Louis M., 4404 Grand Blvd.Sultan, Dr. Geo., 1314 S. HalstedSultan, H. A., 3249 Lincoln Av.Sulzberger, Sol. L., 4404 Michigan

Av.Sumner, S. J., 1239 S. Avers Av.Switton, Dr. Max, Orthodox Jewish

Home, Albany and Ogden Avs.Taub, Joseph, 1437 S. Spaulding Av.Teichtman, H., 107 E. 58thThorek, Dr. Max, 901 W. 12thTicktin, Chas., 6443 GreenTreiber, Benj., 3144 Lincoln Av.Turk, Louis, 1310 N. Hoyne Av.Van Gelder, M., 2231 W. MadisonWaiss, H., 1430 W. 12thWald, Benedict, 1445 E. 55thWaldblott, E. S., 4149 Sheridan Rd.Waldbott, Camille, 707 Wellington

Av.Wallerstein, Harry, 1022 W. 12th

Av.Wechsler, I., 8842 Commercial Av.Wechsler, Samuel B., 411 St. Louis

Av.Weil, Alex, 2221 CortlandWeil, Dr. H. N., 1324 N. Claremont

Av.Weil, Julius E., 4921 Ellis Av.Weil, Morris, 3843 Michigan Av.Weil, Theodore, 4620 Ellis Av.Weinberg, Morris A., 5126 Prairie

Av.Weinberger, Abraham H., 1742 W.

DivisionWeinstein, Dr. J., 3553 W. 12thWeintraub, Dr. J. B., 5613 Prairie

Av.Weis, Berthold, 1333 S. Central

Pk. Av.

29


Illinois Weiss, A., 10714 Torrence Av.Weissenbach, Joseph, 1026 Tribune

Bldg.Weisz, Alex., 2104 Humboldt Blvd.Weisz, Dr. D. I., 1403 N. Artesian

Ay.Welcher, Dr. D. M., 2001 W. Divi-

sionWexberg, Emil N., 3322 N. Ashland

Av.Wexberg, Wm. V., 1411 Milwaukee

Av.Wexler, Harry G.Whiteman, Albert, 2024 W. DivisionWiener, Dr. Samuel, 720 W. 12thWineberg, Isidore, 1210 S. Union Av.Wineberg, Sol., 1258 W. 14thWlnsberg, George, 1365 La Salle

Av.Witkowsky, Mrs. C, 2802 Prairie

Av.Witkowsky, D., 4942 Vincennes Av.Wittelle, Max F., 141 N. 52dWolf, Benj., 139 N. ClarkWolf. Henry M., The Winamae,

Ellis and Oakwood Avs.Wolf. Isaac. 47th and LaflinWolf, Dr. Louis H., 548 W. Divi-

sion.Wolfson. A., 1813 S. Spaulding Av.Wolin, Benjamin, 2223 Kedzie Blvd.Wolson, Dr. A. M., 919 W. 12thYegersky, Abe, 1214 UnionZar, I., 2113 La MoyneZeitlin, Abram Z.. 1124 S. MorganZemans, D. M.. 445 E. 50thZipperman, Dr. S. W., 1346 S. Hal-

stedZiv. Louis, 411 Reaper BlockZoline, Elijah N.. Hotel Del FradoZollne, Dr. N. J., 1310 S. Albany

Av.Zuckerman, Wm., 5618% Drexel

ClintonSPECIAL MEMBER

Berkson, Wm.ANNUAL MEMBERS

Pantle, MorrisHenoche, HenryTick, Jacob

DanvilleSPECIAL MEMBERS

Louis, Mrs. I. H., 105 GilbertMeis, Alphonse, 1316 N. VermilionPlant, A. E., 419 N. Walnut

ANNUAL MEMBERSBarnard, M., 314 N. GilbertColeman, B. B., 206 E. Main

Epstein, Mrs. B. J., 408 W. MainGoldberg, Sam., 925 N. VermilionLandauer, Dr. S. L., 503 The TempleStraus, Mrs. Jules, 440 N. Ver-

milionStrauss, Rio, care of Reis & Strauss

Co.Strouse, Isaac, 5 E. WilliamsZepin, Sam'l, 126 Logan Av.

DecaturBacharach, Dr. Benj., 731 W. NorthBacharaeh, Louis L., 722 W. WoodMaienthal, Dr. B. L., 301 Powers

Bldg.Rosenberg, W., 135 E. Decatur

East St. LouisAngleman, R. J., 121 Collinsville Av.Beck, JacobBernard, Helen I., 442 Brighton PI.Esserman, M., 437 Collinsville Av.Felsen, L., 743 Collinsville Av.Gordon, B., 4812 Delmar Av.Hurwitz, I. R., 202 Murphy Bldg.Hurwitz, Meyer, 557 N. 19thLassen, A., 411 St. Louis Av.Lieberstein, I., 632 N. 7thPattiz, Isadore. 204 St. Charles Av.Pattiz, J., 719 N. 1st

ElginAbleman, M., 153 Douglas Av.Brenner, I., 10 Douglas Av.Miller, Mrs. I. B., 890 Douglas Av.Osmansky, I., 155 Douglas Av.Strickman, A. J., 126 Brook

EvanstonBrill. S. D., 806 DavisFreedman, A., 1939 Jackson Av.Karger, Irving, 812 DavisMeisner, J., 1226 Sherman Av.Schaefer, Cuthbert, 1115 ChurchSumansky. A., 806 DavisTobias, Elias, 623 Davis

GalesburgSPECIAL MEMBER

Halper, D. C, 530 ClarkANNUAL MEMBERS

Friedman, I. D., 329 E. MainFrohlich, SolomonMack. Max J.Nlrdllnger, Sidney

Johnston CityFriedman, Sam

30


JolietBerger, S., 210 Jefferson

KankakeeAdelman, Joe, 79 East Av.Birk, Morris, 120 Greenwood Av.Block, Nathan, 127 Chicago AT.Cohn, E. I., 242 CourtEvelove, A., 103 Evergreen Av.Perlman, L., 127 Greenwood Av.

LincolnSPECIAL MEMBERS

Atlass, Frank, 325 LoganGreisheim, M.

ANNUAL MEMBERSKahn, Bros., 412 S. ChicagoLehrberger, L.Plaut, S. M., 503 KickaporTraub, Henry

MolineRosenstein, L.Sklovsky, Max, 624 10th

Oak ParkHerman, Adolph, 1402 S. Oak Park

Av.Jacobi, H. S., 312 S. Scoville Av.

FekinRosenberg, Frank

PeoriaSPECIAL MEMBERS

Straus, E. A., 118 MaplewoodSzold, Jacob, 515 George

ANNUAL MEMBERSAnshai Emeth Sabbath School, care

of Rabbi C. S. Levy, Hotel FeyFrankel, Harry, 704 7thFrankel, Julius, 509 5thFriedlob, Eli, 105 S. AdamsFriedman, D. S., 1200 N. Washing-

tonGreenhut, J. B., 148 HighGrossman, Max, 320 FayetteHeller, Sam'l, 318 N. Madison Av.Horwitz, Dr. S., 401 BouriandJacobson, A., 220 CrescentKlein, Rabbi Jacob, 502 FisherLevi, Rabbi Charles S.. Hotel FeyLevinson, Isaac J., 910 N. MadisonPollak, Samuel, 513 5th Av.Szold, Joseph, 2418 S. AdamsUllman, Morris D., 612 Morton

Weiss, Herman F., 807 Perry Av. IllinoisWeiss, Nathan H., 410 KnoxvilleWolfner, W. F., 205 Moss Av.

PetersburgKahn, Julius M.Katzenstein Bros.

QuincyGoldburg, B., 1230 N. 5thHausman, J., 320 S. 14thKattler, B., 509 HampshireKessell, Chas., 517% HampshireMeyer, Ben, 238 W. 18thProcras, Frank. 614 HampshireRosenheim, C. M., 1248 Park PI.Schimmel, M., 637 HampshireSchwartz, Jacob, 228 W. 5thVasen, B. G., 918 W. 5th

RiversideCohn, Adolph

RockfordEpstein, A., 307 N. MadisonGoldman, David, 503 S. 2dKrause, Jacob H., 519 E. StatePizer, D., 403 E. StateScher, S., 730 N. ChurchShanhouse, Chas., 1035 Haskell Av.

Rock IslandLIBRARY MEMBEK

Rosenfleld, Chas. D., 506 Best Bldg.

ANNUAL MEMBERSBaker, S., 2801 7th Av.Frank, William, 2312 4th Av.Goldman, Rev. M. A., 1123 3d Av.Morris, Henry, 2327 7th Av.Morris, M. I., 2302 4th Av.Silverman, Tillie, 420 27th

SpringfieldAppel, A., 720 S. PasfleldBank, Dr. J., Myers Bldg.Barker, Abe, 704 N. 5thDavis, Sam, 1004 S. WalnutDorman, Jake, 711 E. WashingtonEckstein, Michael, 627 N. 7thGingold, I., 1107 E. WashingtonLilienstein, E., 801 S. WalnutMorris, M., 1411 E. Capitol Av.Mund, Carl. 1324 E. WashingtonMyers, Albert, 811 S. 7thMyers, Louis M., 1115 S. 7thRoberts, Louis, 929 N. 8thSalzenstein, A., 718 E. Cass

31


Illinois Salzenstein, E., 314 E. WashingtonSamuels, L. X, 516 S. 8thStein, Meyer, 703 E. Washington

TaylorvilleSPECIAL MEMBER

Frisch, Henry

TJrbanaCoffman, M. L.Cohen, Nat. H. & Son, 607 W. EleyLowenstern, M.

WaukeganSPECIAL MEMBER

Schwartz, S., 838 N. Sheridan Rd.

ANNDAL MEMBERSEisenberg, Sam., 906 10thKalonsky, Dr. M. J.Kubelsky, M., 518 ClytonRubin, A. M.Rubin, M. H., 610 Julian

WinnetkaEisendrath, Sam J., cor. Ash and

CedarSpiegel, Mrs. J.

Indiana INDIANAAnderson

Glazes, Wm., 515 E. 8thMorgenroth, Abe., 413 W. 8th

AtticaLevor, Mrs. Levi S.

BlufftonLevenson, Ben

East ChicagoCohen, Sam., 4734 OlcottCnhn, David. 4716 OlcottGiven, Albert. 502 Chicago Av.Goldberger, Dr. S. M., First Nat.

Bank Bids.Nassau, Chas., 800 Chicago Av.

ElkhartHorwich, Philip, 927 MarionRichman, I., 424 S. Main

EvansvilleAdler, Hiram J., 1016 Upper 6thBarnett, Moses, 532 ElliottBelgrade Bros., 1114 ChestnutBernstein, David S., 1511 Upper 2dBitterman, Adolph, 204 MainBloom, Williams, 907 CanalEichel, Leslie P., 827 1stEichel, Dr. Sidney .1., ."21 Upper 3dFishman. Myer, 1116 ChestnutFrank, Alfred, care of Edelman Dist.

Co.Fuchs, Israel. 422 Unner 4thGrossbaum. M.. 411 MainHamburg, I., 1701 MainHeimann, David. Jr.. 1004 Upper 3dHeimann, Dr. Leopold, 401 Chandler

Av.Horn, Ellas, 715 Cherry

Ichenhauser, S. L., 1241 1stIchenhauser. Silas, 440 ChandlerJacobs, M., 907 CanalJoseph, Edgar L., 536 GrantKahn, Isidor, 310 Jefferson Av.Klein, Wm., 98 Lincoln Av.Klyman Bros., 106 MainLevy, Henry, 014 Powell Av.Mannheimer, B., 1018 Upper 2dNewman, E. J., 533 GrantParnes, B., 1115 W. FranklinRaodin, Dr. M.. 426 GrantRaphael, D.. 522 DivisionRingolsky, Dave. 715 Upper 9thRosenthal, I., 1415 Upner 2dSabel, Hyman. 1019 W. FranklinSchultz, Abe. 1221 Upper 8thTrockman, Heiman, 1015 Lincoln

Av.Weil. Emil, 1100 Powell Av.Wolf, Nathan, 321 4th

Fort WayneAckerman, S., Bank of WayneBerman, Harry, 1324 W. JeffersonClark, Ralph, 819 Fail-field Av.Dessauer, M. E., 924 W. WayneField, Sam'l N., 806 BarrFishman. David, 1408 CalhounFrank, Marx, Franks D. G. StoreFrash, David. 339 E. WashingtonFreiburger, Herman. 825 W. WayneFreiburger, Leop., 327 W. BerryLatker, L., 609 CalhounLehman. Isidor, 720 W. WayneLevy, Abe, 913 ClayLevy, Ben. 915 W. BerryMinsky, Abe, White Apt. Flat 11Nathan. Julius, Anthony HotelRice, Rev. William, 819 Fairfield

Av.Rothschild, Aaron, 702 W. WayneRothschild, Jos. S., 228 W. Berry

32


Schiftnan. Abe, 940 E. WayneSeelberg, Edmund, 827 W. WayneSheyer, H., 521 Washington Av.SUefel, Louis, 1237 W. WayneSunshine, Jacob, 814 BarrWartell, B., 1217 WebsterWiener, C. M., 722 Wildwood Av.Wolf, Sam, 323 W. BerryYoung, C., 1019 MasterZweig, Sam'l, 1218 Lafayette

Gary

SPECIAL MEMBERS

Feder, Wm., Jackson and 8th Av.Gould, I. Leon, 202 Reynolds Bldg.Lauman, Howard S., 576 Madison

Av.Mekatlnsky, L., 808 Van BurenTrice, Henry C, 7th and B'wayRuman, Isaac, 800 MadisonSchlessinger, Wm., 1112 BroadwayWinter, M. M., Gary Hotel

ANNUAL MEMBEES

Asher, Louis. 1201 WashingtonBernstein, Max, 1412 BroadwayDearbeyne, Arden, Victoria HotelPermann, J. W.. 1715 BroadwayFrankel, S., 1230 BroadwayFreiman, S., 1537 BroadwayFuerst, A. H., 620 AdamsGlaser, Paul P., Gary Bldg.Goldman, Morris. 1350 BroadwayGoodman, L., 653 BroadwayGordon, Louis, 1615 BroadwayGottlieb, Louis I., 690 BroadwayKahan, Morris, 686 BroadwayKahn, Ralph H., 17th and Broad-

wayKoltinsky. Max, 653 BroadwayKramer, Ignatz, 622 AdamsLang, Max A., Boston StoreLevy, A., 2d floor, 7th and Broad-

wayLieberman, D. Morris, 2105 Broad-

wayLypski, Frank, 173 BroadwayMaillis, Frank. 1651 BroadwayMekatinsky, Philip, 1321 Washing-

tonMorris, Jos., 1131 AdamsMorris. Louis, 111 W. 6thNusbaum, M., Broadway and 6thPretz, Leo, 1404 BroadwayPropper, Dr. I. J., Victoria HotelShararsky, H. P., 542 BroadwayStine. Jacob, 1238 BroadwayZeliska, J., 7th Av. and BroadwayZimet, Wm., 689 Broadway

Goshen IndianaKaatz, A.Kramer. Joe, 127 S. MainLewis, Sam.Salinger, HarrySalinger, N.Simon, Louis

HammondCohn, Abe I., 169 Indiana Av.Evans, H., 54 Plummer Av.Friedman, Jacob, 154 ClintonGoldstein, Isadorp, 568 S. HomanGrossman, Sol., 59 StateKatz, Jacob, 34 154th PI., West

HammondSilver, Sam, 177 StateStieglitz, Wm., 107 Douglas

Indiana HarborAsersohn, Hyman, 3407 Michigan

Av.Goldman. Ben., 3402 Michigan Av.Marcovich, Wolf, 3714 CedarSterling, Louis. 3417 FirTeitelman, Jacob, 3521 Elm

IndianapolisSPECIAL MEMBERS

Borinstein, Louis J., 2227 NorthMeridian

Kahn, Edward A., 2108 N. NewJprsev

Kahn. Leo. 5 The VendomeMendias. C. 721 N. DnlnerRosonthal. A. M.. 1918 N. MeridianRosner, Henry, 539 S. Illinois

ANNUAL MEMBEIJS

Aronson, Leopold, 1136 Park Av.Auerbach. Morris A.. 1033 UnionBamberger, Ralph, 706 Stevenson

Bids.Blieden. Jos. C. 722 UnionBloom. Mrs. Henry. 333 N. NobleBrill, Henry. 620 E. MarketBrown, B., 1315 N. AlabamaCohen, S. T.. 215 E. WalnutCourlander, D., 2341 N. New JerseyDavis. Lawrence B., 808 Majestic

Bldg.Efroymson, G. A.. 2036 N. DelawareEfroymson, Meyer, 2207 N. Pennsyl-

vaniaErdman, Dr. Bernhard, 432 Newton

Claypool Bldg.Ettinger, Leo, 510 Indiana Av.Feibleman, Isidore, 1309 N. Ala-

bama

33


Indiana Feuerlicht, Rev. M. M., 2147 N.Meridian

Pishbein. B., 302 Commercial BldgFox, S. B., 1106 S. EastFrieberg, Ben., 1620 BroadwayFriedman, D. B. L., 704 S. IllinoisGoodman, Jos. P., 2227 N. AlabamaGordon, Max, 119 W. WalnutGreenberg, Morris, 2549 N. New

JerseyGreenwald, Sam., 932 BelifontainGrossman, Jacob, 614 S. MeridianHalpern, Isaac, 2065 N. AlabamaHartman, Rev. J., 115 W. McCartyHelstein, S. P., 2236 N. MeridianHorowitz, M., 1020 N. AlabamaIndiana State Library, 47 State

HouseIndianapolis Hebrew Congregation,

1847 Talbott Av.Jaffe, Morris S., 936 S. CapitolJewish Federation of Indianapolis,

821 MeridianKiser, Sol. S., 306 Indiana Trust

Bldg.Koby, S., 330 BlackfordKoor, Harry L., 1111 MapleLapinska, Dr. L. W., 2453 W. PennLevine, Jacob, 2315 N. New JerseyMantel, Emil, 716 N. New JerseyMessing, Rev. M., 523 N. DelawareMeyer, Harmon, 2345 N. New JerseyMoyer, Ben, 2446 N. New JerseyNerenberg Bros., 826 N. IllinoisNeuberger, Louis, Columbia Club

Bldg.Neustadt, Rabbi I. E., 714 S. Illi-

noisNewman, Herman, 404 W. MichiganNier, Isaac P., 1614 ParrRauh, S. E., 3020 N. MeridianRothschild, A., 13 0 W. MarylandSalinger, B. I., 2214 N. New JerseySchneiderman, Abie, 2146 Talbott

Av.Schwartz, Louis, 1118 Park Av.Selig, Jules A., 2153 N. AlabamaSelig, Moses, cor 21st and DelawareSimon, M. N., 23 W. 26thStern, Dr. Nathan, 418 E. 19thThorsch, Hugo. 1926 N. AlabamaTrotcky, S., 1729 HowardWhitman, S. B., 21 N. IllinoisWlneman, Joseph, 2037 N. Dela-

ware Av.Witt, Dr. L., 712 S. IllinoisWolf, Louis, 1901 N. Meridian

JeffersonvilleSPIXIAL MEMBER

Sweitow, M., 123 E. Chestnut

ANNUAL MEMBERSCohen, Morris, 6th and SpringDreidel, M. E., 118 8thHassan, W. B., 1128 Spring

KokomoSPECIAL MEMBER

Levi, J. S.

ANNUAL MEMBERSHutner, H.Klein, J. M., & Bro., 1217 W. Syca-

moreSchnerwood, J., 412 W. Sycamore

LafayetteBercovitz, C. D., 644 MainBerlovitz, J., 57 SouthBrodsky, Eli, 1738 EverettEllison, Rabbi M., 119 S. 17thPreedman, M., 517 N. 9thGoshkin, Morris, 117 S. 17thKing, Simon, 525 N. 7thMayerstein, Albert A., 014 N. 8tnPearlman, Dr. S., 112 7thPublic LibraryRosenthal, H., cor. 6th and BrownSinger, Jacob, 1727 E. MainZinkin, Rev. Arthur A., 1014 Colum-

bia

IiigonierSPECIAL MEMBER

Straus, Jacob

ANNUAL MEMBERSStraus, Mrs. S. J.Straus, Simon J.

XogansportHecht, Jordon, 724 HighHerz, Jacob, 1006 Broadway

MarionSPECIAL MEMBER.

Plost, Isaac

ANNUAL MEMBERS

Blumenthal, D. H.Hutner, S.Marks, Lewis S.Rosenbaum, AlbertSavisky, Mrs. Mark, S. BlockWeinberger, Mrs. I., 416 W. 2d

34


Michigan CityLIBHARY MEMBER

Moritz, B., 414 Washington

ANNUAL MEMBERSMoritz, M.. 602 SpringPeal, Louis, 422 E. 7thRubin, M., W. 18thSimon, S.Spiro, Fred., 513 FranklinStein, L. J., 813 Spring

Mount VernonJarodzski, MaxRosenbaum, HermanRosenbaum, Mrs. Jacob

MuncieCohn, Samuel, 902 W. CharlesFeinberg, Abe, 405 W. HowardHene, M., 709 W. AdamsRoberts, G., 613 W. JacksonRosenbloom & Gallant, 425 S. Wal-

nutSchotifleld, Louis, 711 W. HowardSchwartz, S.Silverburg, Mrs. A. C, 604 W.

CharlesNew Albany

Saplnsky, Jacob, 710 E. Spring

OrleansCohen, Bennett

PeruBaer, Barney. 11 CourtFlox. S., 72 W. 7thGroff. S., 62 S. BroadwayKessel, Abe, 175 W. 8th

PrincetonGoldberg, M. L.Goldberg, Philip, 414 S. PrinceSchwartz, M.

South BendSPECIAL MEMBER

Spiro, Samuel, 119 S. Michigan

ANNUAL MEMBERS IndianaAlexander. Louis, 133 S. LaurelAltfleld, Rev. M. E., 525 W. Divi-

sionGllman, M., 416 S. ChapinGoldberg, I., 906 W. ThomasGoldberg. L.. 814 S. MichiganGreenblatt, H.. 232 S. MichiganMoore, Leo, 418 S. ChapinNemeth, D. D., 136 S. ChapinSchapir, E. A.Stein, L. M., 1306 W. Washington

SummitvilleWarner, Wm., & Sons

Terre HauteSPECIAL MEMBER

Herz, A., 309 S. 6th

ANNUAL MEMBERSBerkowitz, Elias, 426 S. 4thBraun, Louis, 422 S. 5thCohen, Harry W.. 632 WalnutFrank, Theo. S., 912 S. 6thGoldman, D.. 218 MainGoldstein, S. J., 532 S. 4thLederer, Julius, 718 CrawfordLeipziger, Rev. Emil W., 219 S. 5thLevi, Simon, 667 MnlborryLevin, Morris L., 227 Kent Av.Rubin, Hyman, 2111 PoplarRubin, N. M., 118 N. 5thStrouse. Jonas, 706 S. lothTalmage, L. Curtis, 829 S. 6thWerbnpr, Isaac. 829 S. 4thWolf, Mrs. Carl, 925 S. 5th

VincennesGimbel, JakeKuhn, I. B.Lyons, Sam., 505 BroadwayOlevitch, Abe, 113 S. 4thRindskopf, M.Silverman, Eli, 515 N. 10th

WabashAlexander, H. L.Cook, Mole, 277 N. WabashMandelbaum, A., 326 E. HillSchwartz, Joe, Wabash and CanalSolinger, Max B., 30 W. Canal

AlbiaCohen, Charles, 310 3d Av., E.Gendler, Morris, 304 B Av., W.

IOWA IowaStrasburger, JoeVer Veer, Emanuel C, 222 Washing-

ton Av., E.

35


Iowa BurlingtonDicker, Mike, 116 W. 3dHirsch, Henry, 605 S. CentralNaman, Hyman, 1416 S. MainWaxenberg, Harry, 123 S. Main

Cedar RapidsSolomon Oscar

ContervilleBernstein, W.Berstein, L., 651 N. MainChapman, H., 1223 S. 18thFrankel, J. J.Goldstein, AbeRosenbaum, Sam B.Rosenbaum, SolSalincer, LewisStrelchman, S.

ClintonKlein, Harry, care of Royal Cloak

Co.Solomon, A. F., 118 S. 2d

Council BluffsBernstein, M., 316 W. BroadwayHochman, O., 918 6th Av.Kulesh, H. 1ST., 330 W. BroadwayRosenfeld, Jos. E., 408 S. 8thRosenfeld, Julius, 222 S. 7thSimon, Louis, 630 W. Washington

Av.Davenport

SPECIAL MEMBER

Adler, E. P., 629 E. 14th

ANNUAL MEMBERSComenitz, B. S., 1412 W. 7thIsenberg, M., 323 W. 3dLiberman, Ben, 613 W. 6thLoewienstein, Rabbi G. H., 1317

MainPetprsberger, Isaac. 222 Law BldgScudder, M., 422 Western Av.Silberstein, Max, 216 W. 2d

DecorahSPECIAL MEMBER

Bear, BenDes Moines

Adelman, Chas. S., 629 E. 6thAdelman, M., 243 E. 6thBecker, M. N., 8th and MarketBlank, A. H., 1927 W. 9thBlotcUy, S. H., 1336 W. 12thBrodky, Harry, 112 Court Av.

Brody, A., 670 W. 14thBronstein, Louis, 323 LocustCohen, Ben, 1351 E. WalnutCohen, L. H., 916 Penn Av.Cohen, M. H., 1119 Capitol Av.Cohen, O., 909 W. WalnutDavidson, Jacob, 1410 W. 7thDavidson, Louis, 1934 Arlington Av.Denelsky, T., 115 W. WalnutEngleman, S., P. O. Box 4Fink, A., 750 11thFrankel, Mrs. B., 219 37thFrledlich, Abraham, 1803 W. Grand

Av.Friedman, M. M., 1405 W. 7thGinsberg, L., 905 5thGoldman, M. D., 2843 Cottage Grove

Goldstein, Rev. N., 322 V, E. 7thGoldstein, Miss R.. 322% E. 7thGoldstein, S., 124 E. 9thGottstein, Joe, 723 E. 5thGutmann, Isaac, 108 6th Av.Hirsh, Ike, 683 33dIsraly Bros., 733 E. WalnutJacobson, Ben L., 814 SchoolKoplowitz, Rabbi Isidore, 1239 W.

7thKramer, I. N., 1130 6th Av.Kroll, Sol, 1315 10th Av.Leener, A., 935 W. 3dLevich, Jacob, 519 Franklin Av.Levich, Mose, 947 W. 5thLevinson, S., 644 20thLevitt, A. W., 305 1. L. & S. Bldg.Levitt, J., 922 W. 5thMannhelmer, Rabbt Eugene, Hotel

VictoriaMarks, R.. 1036 6th Av.Meyer, William. 687 32dNeuderman. Sol.Opinham, Sam, 716 W. Grand Av.Posner, Dr. E. R., 201 Victoria HotelPress, Dr. H. B., 1307 Penn Av.Redstone, Irving, 1605 HighRobinson, L., 911 3dRosenbaum, C. H., N. E. cor. 3d &

SchoolRothschild, A., 307 E. 5thSachs, Jacob, 648 19thSherman, A. E., 1004 W. 3dShloss. M., 1623 Woodland Av.Slegel Bros., 320y, E. 7thSilberman, C, 1047 E. 7thSorokin, Joe, 851 W. 4thStrauss, Oscar, Crocker Bldg.Unger, Dr. D., 528 E. LocustWilliam, Sam, 1224 W. 5thWolk, Sol, 1825 7thWollensky, D. S., 1175 W. 8thYarowsky, A., 205 WalnutZeichik, Rabbi H., 753 E. WalnutZlon, Samuel, 1016 4th

36


Iowa CityGoldberg, Ben].

KeokukWell, J. B., 426 Main

MarshalltowaBernstein, Mrs. A., 6 N. 2dBernstein, Mrs. Charles, 107 W.

Church

OskaloosaBernstein, B., 216 S. 4thPopofsky, Sol.

OttumwaSPECIAL MEMBER

Ottumwa Hebrew Assoc, care ofS. B. Adler, 211 Main

ANNUAL MEMBBCS IowaAdler, C. K., 124 B. 26Friedman, N.Friedman, S.Lince, Moritz, 112 S. MarketSigel, E., 512 E. MainStein, Lee, 326 N. Washington

Sioux CityBrodkey, Max, 609 CenterDavidson, Abe, 805 10thDavidson, Dave, 1709 NebraskaFree Jewish Library, care of B.

Shafranovich, Secy., 716 4thFribourg, A. L., 415 4thGalinsky, A. L., 1023 CourtGallnsky, Herman, 907 VirginiaGoodsite, A., 609 MainStillman, A., 400 4th

TJrbach, J. L.Vlnton

KANSASCawker City

Rothschild, JacobSegalla, Miss Fanny

LeavenworthEngel, O. F. , 419 DelawareEttenson, Mrs. HenryLiknaitz, Rev. DavidMatz, Dr. Phil ip B., National Mili-

ta ry HomeSickel, Edwin M., 231 PottawatomieToffler, Abraham, 411 PottawatomieWoolfe, B. 1$.

Kansas0 shorn <?

Lorsch, Max

Plt tsburgDegen, Harry

WichitaRoaenblum, Mrs. H., 411 S. Law-

renceShefry, M., 315 E. Lewis

KENTUCKY KentuckyAshland

Edelson, 1.Josselson, BenLevison, I.Rothschild & Nathan

CovingtonLifschitz, H., 80 PikeSaloshin, F., 88 W. 5thSimon, Ike, 18 Pike

FrankfortDavis, Adolph W., 328 St. Clair Av.Jacobs, Ferd., 318 St. Clair Av.Rosenstein, L.

GeorgetownEhrlich, Wm., 320 S. BroadwayMargolen, GusSherrick, Mrs. H.

23 37

HendersonCohen, Abe L., 341 S. MainFuchs, Harry, 135 2dHeilbronner, Sol O.. 461 S. MainLevy, Henry, 402 S. MainLevy, Leon, 119 1stMilner, Miss Bessie R.

LexingtonAdes, Daniel, 353 Woodland Av.Davis, Dr. Maurice S., Transylvania

ParkKahn, Sol., GeorgetownKaplan, L., 223 E. MainKaufman, M.Kravetz. Louis, 310 W. ShortMoses, William, 357 S. MainRosenberg, Jos., 225 W. HighShane, Miss Rosalie, 609 W. MainSpeyer, Jacob, 252 N. B'way


Kentucky Speyer, S. H., cor. Spring, Vine andWater

Well, Jonas, 273 S. LimestoneWile, Dolph, care of Kaufman,

Straus & Co.,Wolf. Simon, 424 W. High

LouisvillePATRON

Bernhelm, I. W., 1108 3d Av.

SPECIAL MEMBERBernheim, B., 1416 3d Av.

ANNUAL MEMBERSAdath Israel Religious School, 834

3d Av.Ades, Moses W., 121 S. 3dAppel, Louis, 1212 3d Av.Aronoff, I.Barkhouse, Louis, 1433 3d AT.Bensinger, A. B., 125 B. BurnettBerkovitz, S.. 232 E. MadisonBlieden, I., 734 W. MarketBlitz, Sam'l S., 1324 S. 2dBlitz, Wolf, 331 E. WalnutBloch, Leo, 529 W. HookBloom, Dr. I. W., Atherton Bldg.Blum, S., 224 4th Av.Bramson, L., 327 W. MarketB'rith Sholom Religious School,

care of Herman Meyer, Sec, 111W. Hill

Bronner, Dr. Herbert, 1313 FloydBrooks, Mrs. Marie, 226 E. MarketBrownstein, Dr. Sam'l Jos., 430 E.

WalnutCohen, A., 442 W. 7thCohen, Alvin, 300 W. MarketCohen, Meyer, Auditorium Apt.Cream, Jacob, 437 S. 9thDavis, Harry, 413 E. MarketDebrovy, Theo., 347 E. MarketDreifus, Lewis A., Aragon Apt, 1st

near HillEdleson, Dr. Louis R., 1623 S. 1stEhrmann, HilmarFlarsheim, Morris H., 628 W. MainFleischaker, Dr. Frank, 1506 S. 2dFlexner, Bernard, Paul Joneo Bldg.Frankel, Dr. Siegel C, 224 E. Jacob

Av.Galanter, Dr. Harry, 232 W. MarketGoldberg, Jos., 107 E. CollegeGoldberg, Max, 808 W. MarketGoodman, Frank S., 1410 S. 2dGrabfelder, Mose, 1521 S. 1stGrabfelder, Robt. A., 1427 S. 2dGreenbaum, Jos., 912 S. 1stGreensteln, Max I., 1400 2dGrossman, L., 406 E. Chestnut

Grossman. Louis, 1312 S. 2dHalpern, Dr. M. B., 714 S. BrookHoenig, Nat., 2022 S. 3d Av.Hoffert, M., 617 WalnutHyman, Jacob, 111 E. MarketIsaacs, Minnie D., 125 N. MarketJacobstein, A. M., 803 W. ChestnutJacobstein, Louis H., 1011 W. Bway.Kahn, S. W., 216 W. HillKauffman, D. Z., 106 W. MarketKlevansky, Rabbi S., 222 E. MadisonKling, Benj. W., 6?.2 W. MainKohn, Aaron, 1066 3dLerner, Alex., 442 S. 7thLerner, Meyer J.Leventhal, J. H., 210 E. MadisonLevi, Abe C, 1519 S. 1stLevin, K., 739 W. MarketLevy, Sam'l J., 217 E, MadisonLiebschutz, N., 828 S. 1stLinker, Barnet, 235 E. MadisonLorch, Vic, 1829 3d Av.Louisville Free Public LibraryMarx, Jack F., 360 W. Bway.Marx, M. F., P. O. Box 654Meyer, Herman, 111 W. HU1Meyer, Leo, 716 BrookMeyers, Dr. Sidney J., 1451 2dMorris, Herman, 1628 1stMueller. Rev. Dr. Ign., 731 FloydPalitz, Bernard A., 619 1stRauch, Rabbi Jos., care of Temple

Adath IsraelRosenberg, G. S., 1229 1stRosenheim, Chas., Louisville HotelRosenthal, L. A., 333 E. WalnutRothstein, Abe, Auditorium Apt.Sales, G. G.. 1609 2dSchaffner, Nathan, 6th and MainSchulman, M. W.. 408 E. WalnutSelligman, Alfred, 1462 S. 1stSelllgman, Jos., 1521 4th Av.Shapinsky, Allan, 1500 S. 1stShapinsky, Julius, 413 E. MarketShapinsky, Louis, 1623 3dShapinsky, Simon, 1245 S. 4th Av.Shrader, J., 205 S. 6thSilverman, B. H., 540 S. 3dSimon, M., 210 W. JepperraSimons, Max. 140 W. MarketSloss, Stanley E., 1517 2dSmith, F. D., 2112 W. Bway.Stavitzky, S., 1369 2dSteinfeld. Emile. 2115 Slaughter Av.Straus, Ben, 1464 3d Av.Strull, Chas., 531 S. 1stTurnheim, Sol., 54 Board of Trade

Bldg.Washer, B. F., 1335 2dWasher, Ben1 S., 2418 Ransdell Av.Williamson, S., 824 W. MarketWolf, Stanley R., 3 510 S. 2dWolkow, I. Leo, 303 E. Madison

38


Young Men's Hebrew Association,523 1st

Zarcby, Asher L., 330 B. WalnutMaysville

Hechlnger, D.Newport

Riefkin, I., 632 Maple Av.OwensDoro

Cohen, Mrs. Effle, 420 W. 4th

Dahl, Philip, 426 W. 7thLevy, I. J.Rosenfeld, Silas, 512 FredericaRosenthal, B., 507 St. AnnsWile, Henry

PaducahBenedict, J., 1229 JeffersonFriedman, Joseph L., The PinesLovitch, Meyer, 1408 BroadwaySimon, Mose, 335 y2 N. 7th St.Steinfeld, Dr. M., 420 N. 16th

Kentucky

LOUISIANA LouisianaAlexandria

Bauer, G.Rothstein, Rabbi L. J., Box 92

Baton RougeFarnbacher, Solon

DonaldsonvilleSinger, Raphael

Lake CharlesAckerman, Rabbi Win., 527 Hodge

New IberiaDreyfus, Leon, Main

New OrleansLIFE MEMBER

District Grand Lodge, No. 7, I. O.B. B., care of Nathan Strauss,2331 Magazine

LIBRARY MEMBERKrower, Leonard, Canal

SPECIAL, MEMBERSHiller, Jonas, 5700 St. Charles Av.Julius Wels Home, 817 GraveerLemle, Gustave, 3413 St. Charles

Av.Wolff, Solomon, 507 Hibernian

ANNUAL MEMBERSBeer, Bertrand, 4035 St. Charles

Av.Bergman, Rabbi M., 5914 PittBonart, Sam, 1620 St. Charles Av.Bratman, H., 5015 ConstanceBruenn, Bernard, 714 Hennen Bldg.Cahn, Edgar M., 320 St. Charles

Av.Cohen, Nathan. 507 S. RamportCohn, E. D., 1715 Napoleon Av.Danziger, A. D., 204 Carondelet

Feibleman, Edward, 4706 St. Chas.Av.

Felngold, Dr. M., 124 BaronneFeitel, Milton, 5228 PrytaniaFeldman, Wm., 1748 Jackson Av.Felix, Sam, 600 AlexanderFriedberg, L. W., 1318 HospitalFuerst, Milton, 1205 ValenceFuerst, Sam, 1903 OctaviaGodchaux, Chas., 3924 St. Charles

Av.Godchaux, Mrs. P. L., 1237 Jack-

son Av.Goldberg, Rabbi M. II., 1903 FelicityGi-eenblatt, Leon A., 1421 CanalGreenwald, Mrs. Judith Korn, 4540

S. LibertyGudehaux, Albert, 4036 St. Charles

Av.Gumbel, Lester, 2320 PrytaniaHausman, Louis, 1568 WebsterHeller, Rev. Max, 1828 MarengoHenriques, Dr. Adolph, 31 Cusachs

Bldg.Hess, Bernard, 1721 StateHiller, Herbert, 4417 St. Charles Av.Hyman, Samuel, 3323 St. Charles

Av.Israel, Mayer, 714 CanalJewish Orphans Home, St. Charles

and Peters Avs.Kahn, Mrs. M., 3426 MagazineKohlmann, Sig., 1544 StateKohn, Joseph, 18 Audubon PI.Kottwitz, Aron, 1040 SoniatLadies Guild of Temple Sinai, care

of Mrs. P. L. Godchaux, 1237Jackson Av.

Leucht, Rev. I. L., P. O. Drawer431

Levy, Isidore, 309 Hennen Bld£.Levy, L., 1644 Palmer Av.Levy, Leopold, 4729 St. Charles Av.Massman, S., 5815 HurstMayer, Erhard, 1731 MilanNew Orleans Public Library, Henry

M. Gill, Librarian

39


Louisiana Newman, Henry, 3512 St. CharlesAv.

Pfeifer, Simon, 3931 St. Charles Av.Phelps, B., 304 St. Charles Av.Poilet, Elias, 1050 CarondeletPokorny, D., 2113 St. Charles Av.Rittenberg, J., 168 S. RamportRobbins, Isidore, 2207 BaronneRosenberg, B., 215 DecaturSchwabacher, Max, 4016 PrytaniaSchwartz, L. E., 6215 St. Charles

Av.Schwartz, Lazar, 1418 17th

Schwarz, Ralph, Pen-in Bldg.Stern, Maurice, 5115 St. Charles

Av.Trautman, Jac. & Co., 401 Magazine,

P. O. Box 547Weil, H., 5007 PrytaniaWeil, Sam'l, 1706 BordeauxWeiss, Sol., 1731 RobertWolbrette, D., 2323 MagazineWolf, Sam'l, 1123 Prytania

BhreveportHerold, Leah, 628 Stoner Av.

Maine MAINEAuburn

Levinson, Rev. M., 55 BroadRubin, Mrs. R., 8 MillShapiro, Jacob J., 77 5th

BiddefordPolakowitch, L., 126 MaineSlmensky, Mrs. SI., 133 Maine

LewistonIsaacson, Isaac B., 70 LisbonLevine, Sam, 117 HoweSaks, J. L., 97 ChestnutSilverman, Louis, 162 BartlettSinger, A., 176 PineSupowitz, Max, 109 Lisbon

PortlandAbrahamson, L., 33 DeerAckerman, J. J., 439 ForeAgger, S. J., 295 PoreBarron, Miss Fanny, 52 FederalBerenstein, D., 17 QuincyBerman, Jacob H., 15 LocustBockstein, S., 7 PleasantBraman, S., 171 CongressBraunstein, M. B., 459 ForeBrenner, J., 61 LawrenceBulliont, Frank, 104 MiddleCaplan, Herman, 263 CongressComeras, Julius, 242 CumberlandCutler, Jacob, 32 IndiaDavis, Dr. John L., 333 CongressFeinberg, H., 417 ForeFeldman, F., 136 Cumberland Av.Finn Bros., 152 CommercialGarber, Isaac M., 104 MonumentGoodside, A., 166 B. ProminadeGreen, Frank, 70 Glenwood Av.Herman, Abe, 15 MiddleHerman, Morris, 49 Chestnut

Josselson, D., 75 MiddleJudelsohn, H., 9 WillisKamber, Bernard, 93 AtlanticKarlin, M., 26 QuincyLazarowitch, A., 66 FederalLerner, Louis, 59% MiddleLevee, Louis, 139 NewburyLevin, H. L., 16 PrebleLevine, Mark, 76 BeckettMarkson, E., 104 MonumentMarkson, M., 119 CongressMendell, Jos., 411 LoreOransky, Morris, 2 MiddleRabinowitz, Israel, 7 MiddleRobinson, A., 69 FederalRobinson, Jacob, 69 FederalRosen, Maurice E., 85 ExchangeRosenberg, Sam'l, 195 CongressRubincoff, M.. 91 FederalRubinsky, J. E., 83 FederalSchwartz, David, 75 WilsonSchweg, Daniel, 153 FranklinShalit, L. Barnard, 166 Eastern

PromadeShur, Harry, 51 HancockSilverman Bros., 87% FederalSilverman, N., 26 HampshireSilverman, Philip, 98 MiddleSimonds, Max N., 161 NewburySockonoff, Morris, 160 NewburySornansky, Hyman, 19 MiddleStein, S., 148 NewbnrySulkowitch, M. A.. 11% VineTobachnick, P., 137 NewburyTress, J., 879 CongressWeinstein, Jacob M., 39 MiddleWelsberg, Isaac, 155 NewburyWeisman, H.. 108 NewburyWeiss, P., 477 ForeWener, J., 32 DeerWinstein, L., 247 Middle

WaterviUeSheiro, Louis, 61 Union

40


MARYLAND MarylandBaltimore

LIFE MEMBERFrank, Mrs. Bertha Rayner, 8 E.

Lexington

PATRONGutman, Mrs. Joel, 112 Eutaw PI.

LIBRARY MEMBERSBrager, Albert A., Eutaw PI. and

LaurensHutzler, D., 1801 Eutaw PI.Levy, William, 2352 Eutaw PI.

SPECIAL MEMBERSEpstein, Jacob, 1729 Park Av.Gutman, L. K., 112 Eutaw PI.Hamburger, Jonas, 1727 BaltimoreHamburger, Samuel, 2414 Eutaw

PI.Hochschild, M., 1922 Eutaw PI.Kohn, Benno, 2119 Callow Av.Levy, Julius, 105 Ridgewood Rd.Rayner, A. W., 8 E. LexingtonSchwartzman, H., 401 W. LexingtonSilberstein, Israel, 145 Jackson PI.Sonneborn, Mrs. Henry, 1608 Eutaw

PI.Sonneborn, Sigmund B., 2420 Eu-

taw PI.Strouse, Benjamin, 1704 Eutaw PI.Strouse, Isaac, 1706 Eutaw PI.Suburban Club of Baltimore, Sta-

tion EWeinberg, Abraham I., 2310 Eutaw

PI.ANNUAL MEMBERS

Aaronson, Dr. M. W., 1135 E. Balti-more

Abrams, Israel A., 1707 PairmountAv.

Abramson, Chas., Windsor Hill Rd.and 17th

Adler, Charles, 1313 Eutaw PI.Adler, Hillard, 130 AisquithAdler, Mrs. S. J., 2109 Brookfleld

Av.Applestein, Benj. S., 2022 E. PrattAsh, Miss Fannie A., 1516 Madison

Av.Austerlitz, J., 910 E. PrattBalber, N.. 2319 Druid Hill Av.Bamberger, Jacob, 1715 McCullohBeck, Miss Etta, 2035 McCullohBenesch, Mrs. William, 2430 Eutaw

PI.Berger, M., 2051 Pennsylvania Av.Bernstein, Mrs. M. M., 2409 Linden

Av.

Biilstein, Nathan, Rider P. O.(Sherwood)

Biattstein, Flora, 1614 Braddish Av.Blaustein, Jos., 2104 E. BaltimoreBlaustein, Solomon, 821 E. Balti-

moreBlock, Wm., 2111 E. PrattBloom, Mayer L., 3310 Auchen-

toroly TerraceBlumenthal, Harry, 1229 E. Lexing-

tonBordensky, Dr. Nathan B., 2114 Wll-

kens Av.Brim, Harry W., 657 LightBrodie, Israel B., 818 Equitable

Bldg.Bronstein, G., 1601 E. BaltimoreBronstein, Jos., 1601 E. BaltimoreBrown, Jacob, 1406 GoughBuckner, Dr. Harry E., 1440 E.

BaltimoreBurk, Charles, 617 E. BaltimoreCaplan, Julius, 937 E. BaltimoreCaplan, Oscar, 9 N. HighCline, Bernhard, 507 Law Bldg.Cohen, Dr. Abraham, 1744 Park Av.Cohen, B., 1709 Linden Av.Cohen, Miss Bertha, 415 N. CharlesCohen, Hyman, 136 N. BroadwayCohen, L. J., 311 Union Trust Bldg.Cohen, M. S.. 3404 Dewall Av.Cohen, Mendes, 825 N. CharlesCone, Mrs. Moses, 1600 Linden Av.Cooper and Gelman, 1426 E. Balti-

moreCordish, Louis, 115 N. BroadwayCrockin, Emil, 2124 Chelsea Ter-

race, WalbrookDalsheimer, Simon, care of The

Marlborough Apt. HouseDavidson, Harris, 1538 OrleansDavidson, I. W., 1030 HollinsDavidson, Isaac, 315 N. HowardDealham, Samuel, Jr., 1614 Mad-

ison Av.Denowltch, Benj., 823 E. BaltimoreDobovsky, Morris, 1825 E. Fair-

mount Av.Dornberg, Lee, 220 Law Bldg.Dubovsky, Max, 1315 E. LexingtonDuval, L. M., Charles and Lexing-

ton, Room 44Epstein, Nathan, Marlborough Apt.

HouseErlanger Bros., 519 W. PrattFader, A., 210 E. BaltimoreFederleicht, L., 25 W. BaltimoreFeikin, B.. 124 N. EutawFine, Louis, 2420 McCullohFineman, Leon, 1409 McCullohFink, Herman M., 226 S. Broadway

41


Maryland Fisher, S. L., 1627 Westwood AvFleischer, Silas, 2010 Madison Av.Frank, Ed. L., 2042 Linden Av.Frank, Ell, 1504 BoltonFrank, Mrs. Rebecca, 1829 Eutaw

PI.Frank, Solomon, 1407 Eutaw PI.Freed, Isidore, 17L'9 LombardFreedman, H., 1732 E. BaltimoreFreedman, Jos., 739 Newington Av.Frledenwald, Mrs. A., 1616 Linden

Av.Friedenwald, Dr. Harry, 1029 Mad-

ison Av.Friedenwald, Dr. Julius, 1013 N.

CharlesFriedman, E., 601 WaterFuechsl, 1$. S., Charles and ChaseGamse, Benno E., 1808 Walbrook

Av.Ginsberg, Adolph, 1740 W. North

Av.Ginsberg, S., 734 W. North Av.Gold, Dr. Conrad, 1123 E. BaltimoreGoldberg, Abe, 869 W. LombardGoldenberg, Julius, Eutaw PI. and

WilsonGoldenberg, Mrs. M., 1628 BoltonGoldheim, Mrs. L. A., 2218 Callow

Av.Goldsmith, J., 41 LloydGoldsmith, Meyer B., 722 W. North

Av.Goldstone, M. Henry, 123 N. Broad-

wayGomborow, Israel, 218 E. LexingtonGordon, Isaac, 314 HanoverGordon, Paul, 25 N. BroadwayGottschalk, Jos., 1508 BoltonGottschalk, Mrs. L., 1805 Eutaw PI.Greenbaum, Daniel, 1908 Eutaw PI.Greenbaum, Leon E., 1614 Eutaw

PI.Greenbaum, Milton D., 1007 Fidelity

Bldg.Grinsfelder, Mrs. H., 2020 Eutaw

PI.Grinsfelder, Mrs. Joseph, 406

Press tmanGutman, Julius, 1714 Eutaw PI.Gutman, L. N., 15 W. LexingtonGuttmacher, Rev. A., 2239 Brook-

field Av.Guyes, Max I., 1216 W. Lexingtonnalle, Isaac, 1904 Eutaw PI.Halle, M. S., 2222 Callow Av.Halperin, Dr. S., 1143 E. BaltimoreHamburger, Mrs. Henry I., 2245

Eutaw PI.Hamburger, Leon, 2205 Callow Av.Hamburger, Dr. Louis P., 1210

Eutaw PI.

Hamburger, P., 16 S. EutawHanline, Alexander M., 23 S. How-

ardHarsh, G. M.. 2309 Maryland Av.Hartogensis, B. H., 641 Equitable

Bldg.Hecht, Albert S., 1913 Eutaw PI.Herman, Jonas, 616 E. BaltimoreHerman, S., care of B. Fiefenbaum,

cor. O'Dnnnell and PatuxentHess, I., 2103 E. FayetteHigger, D., 614 S. BroadwayHimmel, Sol., 109 N. FrederickHochheimer, Lewis, 208 CourtlandHoi, Max, 821 RollinsHollander, Dr. J. H., 1802 Eutaw

PI.Hollander, Joseph, 106 W. PrattHornstein, Jacob D., 2400 McCullohHorwitz, E. H., 52 Gunther Bldg.Hurwitz, Aaron, 900 E. LombardHutzler, A. G., 1801 Eutaw PI.Hutzler, Edwin, 212 N. HowardJacob, Fannie E., 1803 E. BaltimoreJewish Educational Alliance, 1204

E. BaltimoreJewish Library Association, 125

AisquithKahn, Louis, 732 LightKatzensteln, Mrs. B., 1521 Eutaw

PI.Kaufman, Lawrence, 1720 E. Balti-

moreKaufman, Louis. 601 N. CalhounKeiser, David, 1902 McCullohKellman, Harry T., 1228 E. Balti-

moreKemper, I. L., 11 E. LombardKlein, Jacob S., 307 W. BaltimoreKling, Morris, 26 N. Montford Av.Kojran, Louis, 219 S. BondKohn,,L. B., 2029 Eutaw PI.Kohn, Martin J., Paca and GermanKravitz, Louis, 1528 E. BaltimoreLauchhelmer, C. H., 1524 Eutaw PI.Lauchheimer, J. M., 2122 BoltonLauer, Mrs. Leon, 2420 Eutaw PI.Lauer, Martin, 2001 Eutaw PI.Lehmayer, Martin, 563 Calvert

Bldjr.Leopold, Harry J., 306 W. Balti-

moreLeopold, Isaac, 2218 Eutaw PI.Levin, Louis H.. 2104 Chelsea Ter.Levinstein, I., 2341 Madison Av.Levlson, M. Albert, 21 N. B'wayLevy, Chas. S., 2913 O'DnnnpllLevy, Miss Mildred A., 30 Talbott

Rd., Windsor HillLinden, Harry, 1812 E. FayetteLivingston, Jas. A., 1936 E. ChaseLondon, Hyman, 1427 E. Fayette

42


Lubin, J., 2262 Linden Av.Lutzky, Louis, 2011 McCuIlohMandelbaum, Mrs. S., 607 Fidelity

Bldg.Mansbach, Dr. I. L., 143 N. ExeterMetzger, Louis A., 2104 Callow Av.Meyer, M. Maurice, 111 N. CharlesMichelson, S., 2113 B. BaltimoreMiller, I. J., 2133 McCullohMiller, Mrs. William, 1907 Eutaw

PLMirvis, B., 507 S. BroadwayMorris, Edward, 2229 Eutaw PI.Moses, Mrs. Abram, 1803 Eutaw

PI.Moses, Jacob M., 2321 Linden Av.Myer, Jacob, 1102 Madison Av.Myer, Dr. Louis A., 1831 Madison

Av.Neistadt, ST., S. M., 1505 E. Balti-

moreNewburger, Dr. Henry C, 237 S.

BroadwayNewburger, M., 1802 E. PrattNordin, Dr. Ellis, 1135 E. BaltimoreNyburg, Sidney L., 311 Union Trust

BuildingOheb Shalom Cong. S. S., Eutaw PI.

and LanvaleOppenheimer, Henry, 1411 Eutaw

PI.Oppenheimer, Reuben, 1411 W.

PayetteOttenheimer, B. M., 2028 Linden

Av.Ottenheimer, Eli, 2072 Linden Av.Ottenheimer, R. M., 1634 Linden

Av.Parelhoff, Maurice, 2527 McCullohPhoenix Club, 13 Eutaw PI.Politz, Leonard M., 762 W. Lex-

ingtonPosnansky, M., 926 WatsonPoulson, David, 1621 McElderryRabinowitz, E. N., 125 AisquithRnnkin, D., 608 N. BondRnsen, Nathan, 425 N. EutawRosen, Dr. Sam'l, 1510 E. BaltimoreRosenau, Rev. Dr. William, 1515

Eutaw PI.Rosenberg. David B., 1529 Pennsyl-

vania Av.Rosenblatt, Sig., 1433 Mt. Royal

Av.Rosenfelrl, Arnold, 114 N. HowardRosenfeld, Mrs. Goody, 1720 Eutaw

PIRosenthal, Sol. W., 246 S. EdenRubensteln, Rabbi Chas., 2313 Cal-

low Av.Sachs, Dr. J. L.. 22r>2 Madison Av.Sacks, Sam'l, 671 W. Baltimore

Salabes, S., 1708 Eutaw PI. MarylandSauber, Nathan, 2777 W. North Av.Savage, Dr. M., 1121 E. BaltimoreSchaffer, Rabbi S., 2566 McCullohSchloss, Michael, 500 W. BaltimoreSchloss, Nathan, 2410 Eutaw PI.Schneeberger, Rev. Dr. H. W., 2014

McCullohSchuman, Rev. J., 2415 Lake View

Av.Schwartzman, A., 20 S. ChesterSchwartzman, C. and J., 621 E. Bal-

timoreSchwartzmann, H. A., 10 N. GilmorSell, Robt., 509 AisquithSelenkow, M. E., 1024 E. BaltimoreShaevltz, E., 724 S. CharlesSharogrodsky, Ida, 922 E. MadisonShochet, A. S., 1119 E. BaltimoreShuhan, M., 917 E. PrattShulman, Jacob, 1403 E. PrattSilberman, T., 2000 Madison Av.Silver, Hymnn, 14 E. HillSilverman, Mrs. Louis, 2916 Park-

wood Av.Silverman, Solomon, 2428 Lake

View Av.Simon, Frank, 1726 Linden Av.Sindler, Bessie, 1804 E. BaltimoreSinger, Sam'l M., 1033 McCullohSinskey, Dr. Henry L., 1610 E. Bal-

timoreSiskind, Abe, 4 W. HillSmall, Philip. 507 S. BroadwaySmotrltsky, Jos. B., 720 N. EdenSolarz, Sampson. 115 Hopkins PI.Sollod, Jos. A., 22 S. BroadwaySondhelm, Walter, 1621 BoltonStambler, Louis G., 1630 Westwood

Av.Stein, Simon H., 217 E. BaltimoreStraus, Aaron, Hotel RennertStrauss, Alexander, 2340 Eutaw PI.Strauss, Manes, 2016 Linden Av.Strauss, Mrs. William L., 1628

Eutaw PI.Strouse, Mrs. Ell, 1619 Madison

Av.Strouse, Mose B., N. E. cor. P;ica

and LombardSworzyn, Morris, 2014 Parkwood

Av.Thalhelmer, Samuel. 2037 McCullohTrupp, Nathan, 1232 Greenmount

Av.Van Leer, Mrs. Hannah, 121S Brook-

field Av.Walter, M. R., 609 Union Trust

Bldg.Walter, Mrs. Moses R., 609 Union

Trust Bldg.Weglein, David E., 2400 Linden Av.

43


Maryland Weinberg, Mrs. Cella, 1513 Mt.RoyaJ Av.

Weinstein, Aaron, 134 N. BroadwayWiPsenfeld, Bernard, 2328 Eutaw

PI.Wiesenfeld, Joseph, 1712 Linden

Av.Winner, Dr. Jacob L., 30 S. Broad-

wayWolman, Dr. S., 2101 Brookfield Av.Wyman, Julius H., 1530 McCullohWyman, Maurice, 19 W. LexingtonYolken, Dr. Nathan P., 9 S. Broad-

wayBelair

Getz, DavidLipnick, Harry

CumberlandSPECIAL MEMBERS

Rosenbaum, Simon, 70 WashingtonRosenbaum, Susman, 67 Washington

ANNUAL MEMBERSBaron, Rabbi M., 7 UnionGottlieb, JacobHebrew Library Society, Be'er Cha-

yim CongregationHirsch, Isaac, 62 Washington

Hirsh, Jessie, 17 DecaturKaplon, S. W., 93 Baltimore

FrederickLowenstein, Mrs. David, care of

Lowenstein & WertheimerRosenstock, J.Weinberg, Leo, P. O. Box 235

FrostburgKaplon, RobertStern, George

HyattsvilleEdlavitch, J. Moses

LaurelBlock, Harry A.

KeisterstownGraver, Dr. J., Jewish Home for

Consumptives

St. GeorgeLevy, Paul S.

WhitefordReamer, Edward

Massa-chusetts

MASSACHUSETTSAllaton

SPECIAL MEMBERfchoolman, Mrs. May Rose, 509 Cam-

bridge

ANNUAL MEMBERFox, Isidore, 7 High Rock Way

AttleboroAlpert, Samuel, 5 DunbornChltrin. Louis, 20 MoreyFein, A., 53 PineFine, Chas., R. F. D. No. 3Fleischer, Max, 39 HopeFriedman, Harry, 36 FalmouthFriedman, Sam'l, R. F. D. No. 3Gorovitz, Rev. Benj., 51 PineGreenberg, Louis, 18 FalmouthHurovitz, MaxHuttner, Benj., 83 Forest.Kaufman, A., P. O. Box 107Levin, Abraham, 26 MapleLevin, Samson, 20 MoreyMoshkowitz, Oscar, 83 ForestRothschild, Saul, l l JohnSallit, J., 16 FoleyShalowltz, Morris D., 28 Schol

Sillman, Sam, 7 CrandallTolchinsky, D.. 23 UnionWolf, Morris, 66 Holman

BeverlyArth, Robert, 49 FrontRosenbloom, L., 395 CabotRosen thai, W., 22% CabotStarr, W., 281 RautoulZelinsky, N., 29 Pierce

BostonAlberts, M. Z., 2 MascomaAmdursky, Noah G., 166 LincolnApt, M. S., 117 Paris, E. BostonArkin, Dr. Louis, 366 Common-

wealth Av.Barlen, Samuel L., 49 HelbornBarnott, Solomon, 472 Brookline Av.Beal, Julius, 22 RoyalBernstein, P., 337 HanoverBloom, Dr. David N., 33 Princeton,

East BostonBloomfleld, Meyer, 6 BeaconBon, Abram, 18 TremontBrown, Hyman J., 214 Endlcotte Av.Carver, Samuel, 43 TremontCasson, S. K., 840 Beacon

44


Chelsea Girls' Zionist Circle, care ofJos. Wigonsky, 23 Hancock

Coleman, Max, 201 Princeton, EastBoston

Dana, L. Sam'l, 49 Peter Parley Rd.Davidow, Mrs. Lillie G., 108 SeaverDrucker, John, 111 WaumbeckEhrlich, Mrs. A., 42 Beach Road,

BrooklineEllis, David A., 53 StateFederation of Jewish Charities, 43

HawkinsFinkelstein, Dr. H., 342 HanoverFrank, Daniel, 232 WashingtonFreedman, Dr. L. M., 419 BoylstonFreyhon. Hyman, 43 LeverettGeller, Samuel, 320 Harrison Av.Ginsburg, Paul M., 60 SummerGinzberg, Albert A., 601 Old South

Bldg.Goldberg, A., 50 JoyGoldberg, Abraham E., 54 Lawrence

Av., RoxburyGoodman, Mrs. Samuel, 148 Town-

sendGordon, Gabriel M., 91 HampdenGordon, Harry, 27 SchoolGreenbaum, Morris. 786 WashingtonGreenberg, Abraham, 138 Chelsea, E.

BostonGrosberg, Mrs. O.. 572 WashingtonHaas, Jacob de, 258 WashingtonHailparn, Mrs. Rachel, 129 Adding-

ton Rd.. BrooklineHarris, Isaac. 43 Tremontrtarrison, S. H., 660 WashingtonHerman, Mrs. J. M., 424 Marl-

boroughHirscbberg, A. S., 373 WashingtonHurwitz, Dr. A. J., 34 ChambersHurwitz, Albert, 909 Pemberton

Bldg.Hurwitz, Samuel, 909 Pemberton

Bldg.Jewish Weekly, The, A. Pinkofsky,

Mgr., 262 Washing-tonJolles, L. S., 80 FultonKaplan, Barnet, 25 McLeanKatzeff. Morris. 704 CentreKaufman, August II., 23 VinsonKaufman & Co., H., 32 McLeanKaufman, James, 41 WestKronstein, Isadore, 3 EatonLaskop, A., 76 GainsboroLebowich, I., 18 SummerLevenson, Abe, 29 Wyoming (Rox-

bury)Levenson, Henry H., 177 BlackstoneLevins, Nathan N.. 30 ChambersLevy, Benj. A., 619 Tremont Bid?.Lewenberg, Solomon. Tremont Bldg.Lewenstein, N., 76 Fowler

Luftman, Louis, 24 N. Anderson Hassa-Lurie, M. S., 115 Wheatland Av. chuscttsMadalia. Dr. Leon L., 483 BeaconMancovitz, D., 15 Court Sq.Meyer, Julius, Old Court HouseMeyers, Dr. Solomon E., 93 Lex-

ington, E. BostonMorrison, M. L., 347 Blue Hill Av.Mydans, Max I., 19 HelenMyerson, Dr. Simon, 10 HancockNesson, Dr. Paul, 34 ChambersNorton, S. M., Chauncey St.Olim, Miss Eva H., 66 G. S. BostonOrkin, Harry, 387 WashingtonPerkins, S., 31 McLeanPodolsky, Jacob, 130 ChambersPublic LibraryRabalsky, Benj., 27 AndersonReinberg, J. B., 5 StillmanReiner, Edward, 71 Border, E. Bos-

tonRobinson, Robt., 33 HancockRose, Alexander E., 612 Pemberton

Bldg.Rosenbush, A. A., 146 LincolnRosenthal, Albert H., 103 HaroldRosenthal, Dr. Chas., 337 Massa-

chusetts Av.Ross, Dr. J. P., 11 ChambersRubenowitz, Rev. H. H., 53 Cope-

landRubenstein, Philip, 53 StateRubin, Dr. M. S., 174 Paris, E. Bos-

tonSaltz, Dr. Sidney M., 113 ChambersSheinsohn, Max, 106 CourtShuman, Max L., 7 LowellSiegel, David, 41 McLeanSilverman, Jacob J., 43 TremontSimmons, L., 30 KingstonSinger, Theodore, 20 PoplarSiskind, Henry, 43 TremontSlobodkin, Harris A., 40 LowellSolomont, Oscar H., 36 SalemSondneim, Philip J., 621 Old South

Bldg.Springer, Dr. O. M., 56 ChambersStoneman, David, 14 EsmondTemple Israel S. S., Commonwealth,

BlandfordTTllian, J. D.. 71 Lawrence Av.White, Sam'l, 22 Stedman, Brook-

lineWhitman, Morris. 18 HancockWigonsky, John, 23 HancockWolfson, Lewis W., 77 BedfordWolkowich, Erwin, 101 WaumbeckWyzanski, Max E., 18 Tremont

BrocktonAdelson, David, 58 HaverhillBauman, Wm, 386 Pleasant

45


Massa- Green, Joseph. 201 Centerchusett3 Klein, I., 23 Montello

Perkins, Louis, 23 MainSmollnsky, Leon, 71 MontelloStone, Samuel, 390 Belmont

BrooklineAckerman, J. E., 1546 BeaconAmster, N. L., Hawes & ColchestorAndrews, Julius, 149 Winthrop Rd.Goulston, E. S., 38 StedmanLevi, Rabbi Harry, 52 VerndaleNesson, Israel, 1742 BeaconPenn, Mrs. Henry. 140 ThorndikeRubin, Jacob, 12 .Kelsyth Rd.Warshauer, Chas. S., 16 Greenough

CambridgeAndelman, Maxwell, 286 Webster

Av.Baron, J., 548 CambridgeBerkman, Jos., 134 PineBurock, Louis, 291 WindsorFishman, Frank, 309 ElmFradkin, Julius, 999 CambridgeFreedman, Jacob, 121 HampshireGoldman, Lowe, 524 WindsorGreenstein, B.. 224 Webster Av.Grossman, M., 726 CambridgeHochman. DavidKellner, Prof. Max, 3 Mercer CircleKirshen, J., 945 CambridgeLevin, Nathan, 122 BerkshireNlssenbaum, Abraham, 335 Webster

Av.Prombon, Jacob. 948 CambridgeRosenau, B., 319 ElmRosenthal, Solomon, 282 Webster

Av.Sidman, B., 153 Webster Av.Silvprman. M., 1054 CambridgeTalalaewsky, Jos.Wermont, Rudolph, 241 ColumbiaWhite, M. J., 32 Andrew

ChelseaAbelowltz, M., 63 PoplarAdelman, M., 45 4thBerenstein, G.. 49 GardnerBerkowitz, H., 182 2dBerson, M., 2 WallBirln, Max, 163 WalnutBraw, Abraham, 8 LawrenceChester, F., 58 4thCooper, M., 30 ChestnutDavidson, Alfred. 197 ChestnutFinn, Morris, 66 SpruceFreedman, Robt.. 50 ParkerFritz, Samuel, 126 ChestnutGarb, Charles, 78 Franklin Av.Goldberg, J.. 74 HeardGoldstein, Ch., 124 Spruce

Gordon, Jacob, 18 ArlingtonHeiman, Louis, 212 ChestnutHorowitz, Israel, 82 5thIsraelite, P. I., 235 ChestnutKessler, Dr. I. H., 122 ChestnutKopelman, Kadish. 85 BlossomKoplovitz, Geo., 136 ArlingtonKupelewich, M.. 132 ArlingtonLeera, H., 52 BlossomLevin, Simon, 24 2dLewis, Simon S., 83 OrangeLlchtenstPin, A., 180 2dLourie, David A., 11 Clark Av.Lourle, Jacob, 78 Franklin Av.Morrison, Morris. 145 PoplarResnick, R., 20 AshRosenthal, H., 119 Franklin Av.Shaievitz, L.. 57 ElmShankman, Isaac, 13 Bencon PI.Silverman, Morris B., 144 Bloom-

ingdaleSlant. M., 60 BlossomSmith, Harry, 218 ChestnutStremsky, I., 9 MedfordTenkil, D., 32 WalnutTigar, Maurice, 85 6thTuttle, Max M., 74 ChestnutWolper, Morris M., 48 Blossom

ChicopeeBrodinsky, Jacob, 34 PerelCohen, M. H., 98 DvvightGranstein, Ephraim. Cobot St.Kantor, Louis, 63 WestKantor, M. D., 41 CenterKittredge, Max, 256 Exchange

ClintonAltman, B., 981 MainAltman, Sam'l. 61 SterlingLong, Morris, 54 HaskellReisner, Wm.. 20 WaterWagman, David, 153 High

DorchesterAlberts, I., 29 Hawes Av.Arkin, Miss Pauline, 973 Blue Hill

Av.Askowlth, Dr. Chas., 17 HarlemBarnett, Chas. E., 77 ElmBernhardt, Sam'l, 23 ShatterCohen, A., 11 YorkCohen, M. W., 110 GlenwayCohen, S. D., 243 Columbia Rd.Corne, Max C., 26 CanterburyDana, Moses L., 27 CalderFlanders, A. N.. 35 HighlandGerstein, Carl, 19 FowlerGoldman, A. C. 26 AngelGoldman, A. K., 39 EsmondIsaacson. Myer H.. 20 PageJacobs, Hyman, 19 Fowler

46


Lebowlch, Max, 11 Melville AT.Levine, Henry M., 5 NottinghamMehlinger, Albert, 21 BrinsleyMendelsohn, I., 158 GlenwayMiller, Sam'l, 61 GlenwayMittell, Abraham, 38 McCellanOrlrin, Wm. .T.. 16 GrenockPakulski, H. L., 43 Alpha Rd.Rabinowitz, Max, 42 AngelSilberstein, Fredk. L., 26 Johnson

Rd.Stone, Elihu D., 109 ElmoWymer, Henry, 235 MagnoliaY. M. H. A., D. L., Mekler, Vice-

Pres., 61 Glenway

EverettBucholz, Solomon, 401 Ferry

Fall RiverBakst M., 400 RidgeBanov, N., 130 FontainBareshosky, J.^ 47 OrchardBarishawsky, David, 242 5thBatway, Max, 114 JenksBramson, M., 61 UnionCohen, Barnet, 131 ThomasDandis, Wolf, 246 E. MainDavidow, Joseph, 146 HunterFeinberg, Harry, 322 HopeFinstein, Benj., 1440 PleasantGalkin, Jacob, 435 HopeGinsburg, Harry, 413 FerryGoldberg, Ellis, 189 RidgeGoldstein, B., 98 JenckGollls, Sam'l, 209 SpringGourse, David L., 322 HopeJaffe, Sam'l, 1448 PleasantKahan, Ruben, 56 DavisKooniovsky, H., 190 SpringLesser, Lazar, 131 ThomasLevin, Sam'l, 298 3dMacarovsky, Sam'l, 1T84 S. MainNaiburg, Sam'l, 815 MiddleNulraan, H., 76 7thRachlin. D., 177 QuarryRosen, M., 216 GroveSackenoff, Mayer, 866 PleasantSacknoff, Mayer, 2669 S. MainSchaichetman, S., 196 ColumbiaSchwartz, Dr. M. R., 18 CottageSherman, L., 1732 S. MainShogan, Benj., 184 PleasantShwartz, S., 1668 S. MainSlavitsky, Israel, 1090 PleasantSmolensky, L., 227 WhippleStone, Samuel, 201 WhippleTeran, Adam R., 986 CherryTonkonogy, MorrisVenlck, Rev. G., 45 GrantWells, James L, 600 PineWinegard, Sam., 27 4th

Winograd, A., 50 Foster Massa-Winograd, J. D., 400 Ridge chusetta

Titch'burg'Berman, A. O., 113 NorthBorofsky, Jacob, 66 BoutelleFeingold, Louis, 1 Winter TerraceFergenson, Harry, 12 GreenGompert, H., 58 BlossomGreenberg, Max F., 229 MainMiller, Julius, 41 BoutelleRabinowitz, Harry L., 25 WillowRome, A. I., 35 BoutelleRome, Lewis, 6 BoutelleSehack & Fine, 11 Olive

GardnerFriedson, Solomon, 50 NicholsJaffa, J., 122 ParkerKessler, I., 48 NicholasLoffa, Jos. B., 255 N. MainMyer, I., 6 W. MainRosenberg, A., 64 Pleasant

GloucesterBernstein, Harry, 285 Main

HaverhillAlman, Nathan, 20 Gilbert Av.Apteker, Nathan, 373 WashingtonBenjamin, Aaron, 21 EssexBersner, A. M., 34 HancockBlatner, Max, 308 RiverBurstein, Sam., 17 FordCadtz, Abraham, 164 RiverCanin, Davis, 231 RiverCohen, Abram, 635 WashingtonCohen, Joseph, 12 FordEspovich, Jos. B., 67 PillingGlegansky, Simon, 29 MerrimackGoldstein, Max, 14 BaldwinGray, Louis M., 10 FreemanHarrison, L., 107 WashingtonHartman, D., 3 Park Av.Jonas, Jos. A., 75 Brockton Av.Karelis, S. M., 329 RiverKarelitz, Max, 331 RiverLasky, H., 383 WashingtonMandel, Jaeolj, 3 MarionMindel, Benj. D., 87 RiverMorris, Moses. 122 WaterOrnstein, Mv?r T., 385 WashingtonRosengord, Eli, 7 7th Av.Sadovitz, Myer, 104 RiverSandier, Hymun, 240 WashingtonSegal, Samuel, 252 WashingtonShavitz, J., 200 RiverShofmaster, Nathan, 45 ArchShoul, Jacob, 13 HancockSilbulken, Max, 33 ArchSilbulken, Morris, 38 Varnum

47


Massa- Skoller, H., 102 Riverchusetta Starensier, Simon. 24 Arch

Stein, flyman, 237 RiverStolinsky, Simon, 75 RiverTikotsky, Sam., 39 VarnumZelig, A., 24 Arch

HolyokeSPECIAL MEMBER

Isenburg, J., 215 High

ANNUAL MEMBERSBarker, A. G., 936 DwtghtGold, Harry, 298 ElmHirsch, Morris, 250 PineKoplinsky, I., 80 MasherMuskat, Leo .T., 464 MaplePotoski, L. M., 433 ElmRosenberg, I., 835 DwightSimons, M. S., 511 HighStein, Max, 467 DwightWolman, Benj., 21 Longwood Av.

HudsonKroll, Louis, 58 WarnerSelinsky, H., 0 Masson

IpswichSushelsky, Morris

LawrenceAstroff, S., 4 LowellAxelrod, Davis, 104 HancockBerger, Hilag, 10 SheridanBerkover, Jacob, 14 ConcordBlotner, Simon, 147 OakClose, Louis, 92 S. Bway.Cohen, Ben. 85 WarrenCohen, T. M., 609 Bway.Dane, Jos., 80 S. Bway.Fishman, Dr. Maurice, 538 Haver-

hillGafinowltz, Goodman, 149 ValleyGerson. Harry, 10 ConcordGinsburg, Israel, 154 WalnutGoldberg, Morris H.. 7 BlakelineGoldin, Max, 32 OxfordHeifet, Sam, 11 Bradford PI.Kaplan, David, 478 CommonKaplowleh, Henry, 310 ParkKlein, Jacob. 37 ChathamsfordKrlmgold, David, 79 UnionKusell, Jacob, 386 ParkLandler. Znndel. 333 HampshireLevenson, M., 80 HollyLevlne. J., 121 LawrenceLous, M., 142 ArlingtonOppenhelm, David. 102 AuburnSandier, Isaac, 45 V> ConcordSchwartz, Meyer, 222 Bway.

Shapira, Max, 29 Myrtle Ct.Silverman, Jos., 81 ConcordSmith, Max, 308 ParkStainman, D., 134 WalnutWeinberg. Lewis, 429 LowellWeiner, Byron, 530 Essex

LeominsterLubin, Robt C, 14 Monument Sq.

LowellAbrams, Leo, 24 BarclayBaker, David, 163 HowardBass, Harry, 769 MerrimackBrams, A. L., 138 HowardBraverman, Aaron, 133 HowardBrickman, Sam, 139 HowardCahne, Eisy, 133 HowardCohen, Rubin, 104 ChelmsfordCohen. Sam'l, 119 HowardDuffin, M., 29 DalyFreeman, J.. 198 WestwardGoldman, P.. 170 WestfordGoldstein, Max, 153 ChamsfordGoldwasser, David, 40 WareGoodman, Nathan, 135 HowardHopner, Julius, 14 MeticeLewin, A., 108 ChelmsfordMarcus, M., 147 LincolnMatlin. SimonOken, Isaac, 22 DalyPaterlosky, Aaron, 41 WarePress, J., 185 HowardRichards, C. H., 115 HowardRobinson, Julius, 118 HowardRome, Hyman, 129 GrandRosentall, Goodman, 335 MiddlesexSaklod, Philip, 137 HowardSchulman, Morris. 167 HowardSiegel. Barnet, 168 HowardSilverblatt, Bennett, 71 CentralSmith, D., 47 WareSnider. Hyman, 30 WashingtonSokolsky, M., 18 DalySolomon, Max, 139 HowardSonder. Harry, 233 MiddlesexStall, P.. 117 HowardSteinberg, J.. 254 MiddlesexSternbanm. M., 440 LawrenceStrauss, Alexander. 78 MiddlesexZiskind. David, 167 HowardZiskind, Hyman, 23 Washington

LynnAblowitch, P., 32 BlossomFinger, J.. 16 CrosbyFrankel, S., 24 Kensington SquareGoodman, H.. 5 HerbertGrob, John, 180 SummorJacobson, Isaac, 40 LowellKlewansky, John, 47 Prospect

48


Levine, Isaac, 62 SummerLinsky, I., 1 Central Av.Linsky, Max. 18 ManoLipman, Harry H., 51 ProspectMasofsky, Benj., 13 Rock AT.Musinsky, J., 572 Eastern Av.Recht, Abraham, 116 BlossomSlobodkin, Philip, 16 Shaperd PI.Turow, Dr. Abram A., 196 SummerWeinberg, Miss Minnie, 51 ProspectYoffa, Chas. S., 1 Summer St. Ter-

raceYoung, M., 11 Federal Sq.

MaidenAugenstern, J., 258 B'wayBlacklow, H., 45 UphamBornchoff, Rabbi B., 125 BryantBrecher, Charles, 98 BryantCohen, Morris, 77 FaulknerEinstein, Israel, 96 LynnFreedman, Barnet, 98 BryantGilgoff, Joseph, 51 NewtonGlickman, Jacob, 403 Eastern AT.Goldberg, M., 1 Lombard Ct.Goldman, Charles, 134 WalnutGoldman, Wm., 260 CrossGoldstein, Dr. E. E., 134 BryantGreen, L., 8 BoylstonHerman, Isaac, 224 BryantHoberman, Dr. S., 217 BryantJacobson, L. H., 55 FaulknerKumln, B., 175 HolyokeMichelson, Abraham I., 392 Eastern

Av.Morrison, Henry I., 268 CrossPerskey, Abraham S., 15 NewtonRodinsky, A., 103 BoylstonRosenblatt, I., 4 ShortRosenthal, M., 16 HazelwoodSavitz, Solomon, 68 HarvardShapiro. B., 45 ClarkShear, I. J., 238 BroadwaySherman, Louis, 15 StairbirdSokolovitz, Isaac, 354 Eastern Av.Solomon, Max, 349 CrossSolomont, Simon, 133 WalnutSturisky. Nathan, 48 Granville Av.Toeson, M.. 3 LambertVerlinsky, Sam. 12 SummitWeisman, Mayer, 207 Cross

MarlboroFrutman, Z., 487 LincolnKunen, I., 19 MechanicMason, B., 14 NewtonRickles, Myer D., 21 Windsor

MarshfieldFelnberg, B. M.

MethuenGrenitz, Isaac, 146 Camden

MilfordFeingold, Israel, 107 MainMarcus, Nathan, 110 CongressSickels, A. M., 3 Gibbon Av.

MilvilleIsrael, Simon

New BedfordAbrams, Barnard, 925 S. WaterAbrams, Wm., 17S S. WaterAbramson, Ike, 32 Morton Ct.Adelsohn, Isaac, 493 S. WaterAltman, J., 114 HighAmbush, Max, 467 S. WaterBerkowitz, Julius, 105 SouthBronspigel, Max, 556 S. WaterCohen, Albert, 191 PurchaseCohen Bros., 1088 Acushnet AT.Cohen, H., 500 S. WaterCohen, Joe, 789 S. WaterCohen, Jos.. 512 S. WaterCohen, Rubin, 10 BedfordDratch, Benjamin, 178 GrinnellEpstein, S., 253 CoggsbelleFox, Benjamin, 17 HollandGlickman, Wolf, 577 S. WaterGoldstein, Max, 9 CannonHorwitz, Jacob A., 101 SouthHurwitz, I., 146 Acushnet Av.Kaplan, Abraham. 490 S. 1stKestenbaum, E., 893 S. WaterLevy, Abraham, 289 County PI.Levy, Max, 72 S. 6thLipson, M. H., 397 Cedar GroveLipson, Meyer, 1101 S. WaterLumiansky, B., 871 S. WaterMechaber, Rachmiel, 87 KenyonRaymond, Jos., 897 S. WaterRomanow, Hyman, 698 PurchaseRosenthal, M., 205 4thRussetto, Barnett. 67 UnionSoforenko, J., 1089 Acushnet Av.Stern, W., 118 Acushnet Av.Stone, David, 344 KomploonVishnefsky, A., 795 S. WaterWantman, Henry, 565 S. WaterYalov, Sam'l, 148 AshlandZurier, Jacob, 112 S. 2d

NewburyportAbramson, Jacob, 31 MerrimacAdnoff, Alfred, 8 PaysonBarth, Benj., 5 OaklandBlack, H., 74 WaterCetlin, I., 40 ProspectCheckaway, Benj., 7 FederalCheckaway, I., 7 Federal

Massa-chusetts

49


Massa- Degel Machanaim Jehuda, care ofchusetts Jack Kleinman, 14 V2 Fair

Edelstein, Morris, 16 FairGoldberg, J.Kantrowitz, I., 14 WaterKashdon, S.. 22 LibertyKleinman, Jack, 14% FairKrakopsky, A. D., 8 WaterLubovitz, Isaac, 89 WaterNemser, Ben, 5 MerrimacSherman, I., 16 FairStillman, H. D., 142 FairWagman, Aleck B., 9 Federal

NewtonFried, Morris, 310 Watertown

NorthamptonLIBRARY MEMBER

Conn, Marcus, 68 Main

PeabodyKorelitz, L., 25 Central

PittsfteldSPECIAL MEMBER

England, Simon, 130 Wendell

ANNUAL MEMBERSDorfman, Alfred S., 20 Daniels Av.Janewith. Mrs. Jennie, 236 NorthKlein, Adolph, 156 NewelRosenfeld, .T. S., 196 Francis Av.Rosenthal, M. G.Stein, R., 112 West

PlymouthBerg, Jos., 289 CourtBlocker, Max, 105 SandwichCohen, Julius, 56 MainDezoretz, Solomon, 2 PleasantGeebes, Abram, 106 SandwichGoldstein, L., 26 HighIvaplovitz, Harris, 52 HighMarcus, Meyer, 41 SummerMedud, Sam'l J., 38 RussellResnick, David, 45 RussellResnick, Miss I., 92 SouthResnick, Morris, 96 SouthResnick, Morris, 105 SandwichRoblantz, Sam, 70 SummerSadow, Jacob, 48 SummerSherman, Abram, 106 SandwichSteinberg, J., 57 PleasantToabe, Max, 296 Court

RevereShafer, H., 12 Nahant Av.

RoxburyAdelman, Mrs. A., 2 EllisBrody, E. J., 141 HarrishofDavidson, Dr. K. M., 193 Humboldt

Av.Chertok, Dr. M. A., 345 Blue Hill

Av.Eichler, Rev. M. M., 64 WaumbeckFlneberg, Simon, 52 HollanderGinsburg, Dr. Sam'l L., 5 CardlngtonGinzberg, Barnard, 24 MontroseHalpern, Rev. M., 66 BrunswickIsraeli, Rabbi Phineas, 60 Lawrence

Av.Kasanof, David M., 235 Blue Hill

Av.Klein, Ignatz, 79 WaumbeckLouis, Max, 380 Blue Hill Av.Pinanski, Nathan, 100 Lawrence

Av.Shohan, Dr. Joseph, 156 Humboldt

Av.Silver, Miss Rose. 119 RoxburySodckson, Sam'l, 48 HolbornStone, Samuel J., 33 AbbotsfordUllian, O.. 17 HollanderWolbursht. M., 96 DevonWyner, George, 22 Gaston

SalemBernson, G., 3 DodgeBernstein, Jos. W., 23 FrontColler, M., 24 PeabodyCollier, A., 147 DanielsFreedberg, Hyman, 28 WardFrye, Wm. L., 13 Lincoln Av.Galpern, Louis J., 16 CarltonGoldberg, Max, 79 LafayetteGoldman, Chas. A., 4 CentralGoldstein, H., 135 DerbyHarris, H.. 5 HollyHurwitz, B., 158 DerbyKimball. Israel, 10 WallLesses, Dr. Max, 70 EssexLevin, A., 104 BostonLevine, D., 3 EssexLinsky, L., 147 DerbyMiller, I. L.. 28 NormanMorris, J., 21 TurnerNovick, Bpnj.. 68 HourPruchansky, S., 10 DunlapRogers, David H.. 13 Park Av.Sushelsky, I., 1972 HardySwift, Morris, 24 PeabodyTarshtzky, Jacob, 6 BeckettWiner, Max, 40 BoardmanWiner, Morris, 141 Derby

SomervilleAndelman, B., 98 Webster Av.Andelman, Ezra, 512 Columbia

50


Bronstein, Max, 34 ProspectCohen, Joseph, 103 SycamoreHillson, H. M., 25 GrantKreisman, B., 79 Webster Av.Levinson, Nathan J., 72 LinePerlman, W., 92 Webster Av.Piekes, N., 22 OtisRobinson, Nathan, 475 ColumbiaRosenberg, W., 486 ColumbiaSanderson, Morris, 480 ColumbiaSiegel, A. J., 79 Webster Av.

South FraminghamLavin, Simon P., 6 CooliageSilverstein, M., 60 Franklin

SouthbridgeGreen, Morris, 15 CharltonLakzinsky, P., 39 CrystalRobbin, Ralph, 55 Mechanic

SpringfieldSPECIAL MEMBERS

Ginsberg, Jacob, 161 MagazineKohn, Felix, 68 PlainfleldWidlansky, Walter A. I., 37 North

ANNUAL MEMBERSAdaskin, Herman, 46 AlfredBassin, M., 31 ClintonBearg, Benjamin, 46 HuntingtonBrooks, Richard S., The RepublicanBrooslin, Samuel B., 11 HebronBurack, Wm. J., 1381 NorthCohen, Julius A., 386 MainCohen, Morris A., 32 TaylorConn, Frederick, 318 MainCornell, Dr. Julius M., 120 MainDaniel, Harry, 26 Massachusetts

Av.Freeman, Hyman, 27 ChurchGelfman, Abr., 9 Brooklyn Av.Gelfman, Joseph W., 54 HebronGelin, Wm., 514 MainGoldin, Joseph, 20 HebronGoldstein, S., 231 MainGordon, P., 22 MorganHarvey, Nathaniel M., 87 Green-

woodHirsch, Dr. H. L.. 200 MainKingsberg, N., 14 EverettKrotinger, H. C., 70 MassasoitLasker, Henry, 310 MainLevison, S., 350 MainMirkin, Samuel, 62 CongressRabinowitz, Frederick, 49 ClintonSagalyn, Ernest L., 58 HebronSosner, Sam'l, 18 Cypress

TauntonAbsatkin, M., 34 GroveAshapa, J., 7 JeffersonBerkover, Lewis, 15 GroveBerman, Louis, 24 MonroeBernstein, Morris H., 16 Washing-

tonBesbris, A., 16 WashingtonBurlak, B., 77 WeirCooperstein, Abraham, 56 WinterCooperstein, M., W. WaterCooperstein, Moses, 66 CourtDana, Wm. J., 47 HodgesEllis, B., 36 CottageFaber, Israel, 7 Hodges Av.Fishman, Joseph, 25 OakGoldman, Harry, 60 ParkGoldstein, Jacob, 11 MyrtleGrossman, Wolf, 6 1stKaplan, J., 80 HighKaplan, Joseph, 21 HopeKoltunsky, Sam., 40 AdamsLevi, Abraham B., 12 Jefferson Av.Sandier, B., 45 E. WalnutSilverman, Sam., 29 CohannetStone, B., 89 CohannetWeinstein, I., 60 Park

WalthamBayard, H., 224 MoodyCanter, S., 51 FeltonCohen, Louis, 12 BeachGenera), Jacob, Jr., 22 FrancesGoldstick, M., 143 AshLevine, Sam, 8 ElmLevison, David, 18 FullerMason, Jos. B., 135 AlderMendelsohn, C. M., 319 MoodySchwartz, M., 47 MoodyShur, A. H., 8 LexingtonTickton, Daniel L., 313 School

WareBressler, Samuel, Nenamasick Sq.Kumin, M., 2 South

WebsterCutler, H. G., 8 Church Ct.Hollander, Morris, 23 MainHonig, I., 34 Chase Av.Kleiman, B., 41 HighShea, Ike, 13 CrownSimmons, Frank, 6 DayWeisman, R., 139 Main

West EverettGordon, Sam'l, 43 Woodville

WestfleldGraham, Max, 17 MonrellLabrowitz, R., 184 Elm

Massa-chusetts

51


Massa- Pomeranz, Moses, 28 Maplerhusetts Safer, Ph., 92 Franklin

Simkowitz, Sam, 246 Elm

WorcesterAisenberg, Jos. S., 48 CoralAsher, Isaac, 58 ProvidenceBrown, Dr. Joseph, 28 ProvidenceBurwick, J., 20 Sushler Rd.Burwick, N., 98 HarrisonCaplan, Louis, 48 ColumbiaChafitz, Sam'l, 47 S. HardingChase, Ray, 8 ShannonCheiffetz, Abraham, 34a ProvidenceCohen, A. Max, 34 ColumbiaCohen, Harry, 100 Union Av.Cohen, Imen, 145 WaterColten, R., 9 ColumbiaCotton, J., 50 ArlingtonCotton, Max, 49 ProduceDine, Y. H., 46% ProvidenceEisenberg, S., 90 ProvidenceElias, Saul, 320 HighlandFeigenson, A. K., 19 BarklayFeingold, Louis E., 340 MainFeingold, Saul H., 58 ProvidenceFeinscher, Sam'l, 4 BlakeFeldman. M., 5 AllingtonFish, Isidor, 14 SouthFree Public Library, 12 ElmFreedman, V. B., 5 ArlingtonFriedman, H., 5 GoldFriedman, Solomon, 28 ProvidenceGinsburg, L., 119 ProvidenceGlick, H.. 26 ProvidenceGoldberg, Sam, 15 LedgeGoldsmith, S., 104 LincolnGoldstein L., 10 ColumbiaGoldstein, Samuel I., 112 ElmGoodman, Harry, 54 ProvidenceGoodwin, Harry L., 2 TaylerGordon, Max, 6 WaterGrace, Harris, 10 CoralGrodberg, H.. 8 MottGrodberg & Hirsch, 43 PleasantHillman, A. M., 75 ProvidenceHorowitz, Jacob, 55 CedarIsenberg, David B., State Mutual

Bldg.Israel, A., 46 ProvidenceJaffe, M., 124 Grafton

Jasson, Nathan, 105 MechanicKadish, S.. 127 Union Av.Kaplon, Elizabeth D., 49 WaterKalz, Julius, 340 MainKaufman, Lewis, 2 BlackKaufman, M., 130 FrontKaufman, Sam'l, 61 WaverlyKoolper, Benj., 19 WaverlyKromin, Samuel, 106 LincolnKumin, Harry, 17 MillburyKurmin, Frank, 45 ProvidenceLehner, Rose, 80 Union Av.Leiner, S., 73 GreenLeve, Rev. B., 21 WaverlyLevlthan, M., 221 FrontLewis, Israel I., 58 ProvidenceLipman, Nathan. 52 ProvidenceMarcus, S., 26 WilliamMason, David. 66 HarrisonMintz, A., 112 WaterMintz, Max, 65 HarrisonMorell, N., 48 ProvidenceMorrill, Oscar, 73 ProvidenceMorrill, S., 73 ProvidenceNicoll, J., 47 WaverlyPofcher, Dr. E. H., 133 GreenPollett, R. S., 46 ProvidencePutnam, Chas., 3 Marion Av.Robins, M., 84 GraftonRome, Nathan, 54 ProvidenceRosenthal, J., 5 ArlingtonRozefsky, L.. 43 ProvidenceRubin, A., 16 CoralRubinowitz, A., 80 ProvidenceSaidel, M. D., 104 Union Av.Salet, M., 27 ProvidenceSandman, A., 2 North TerraceSeder, Jos. S., 100 HarrisonSeder, Sam'l, 2 North TerraceShapiro, D., 41 Pennsylvania Av.Shapiro, H.. 94 WaterShulinski, Jacob, 54 ProvidenceSiff, J. O., 96 HarrisonSilver, Rabbi H., 17 LedgeSimon, Sam'l E., 4 KellySlobin, Samuel, 14 SheffieldStrickler, I., 17 ColumbiaTalamo, Mrs. J. M., 102 ProvidenceWolfson. Mrs. Sam'l, 74 ProvidenceWolkowlch, Barnett, 193 FrontWolpert, Louis I., 2 LedgeYoung, Isaac, 16 Plymouth

MichiganAhmeek

Cohen, Chas.Alma

Mindel, B., 224 Gratiot Av.

Marks, LouisMinkus, Louis

Amasa

MICHIGANAnn Arbor

Altman, Wm. H., 325 E. Jefferson

Battle CreekFranklin, C. H., 25 WarrenFranklin, M. J.Herman, Harry A., 130 Maple

52


Kapp, AugustLande, S., 5 W. MainLeach, H., 89 W. MainLowenberg, A., 303 Lake Av.Polacheck, Arnold, 282 Garfield Av.Taub, Sam'l, 90% E. Jackson

Bay CityFievensohn, M., 210 LatsfleldGoldman, J. B., 421 Van BurenGrabowsky, S., 014 N. WaterGreenberg, K., 908 McKinley Av.Helper, S., 249 Madison Av.Hirschfeld, H., 114 N. Van BurenKessler, Sam., 216 N. MonroeMichelson, Win. S., 416 N. JacksonRosenberg, S. A., 301 N. Van Buren

Benton HarborBlock, David, 165 Pair Av.Friedman, A., 168 Lake Av.Getz, Harry, 102 WinamsGoldman, I., 127 OdenGoldstein, Sam., 185 Colfax Av.Levinson, Herman, R. F. D. No. 6Simon, J. A.

CalumetRuttenberg, Oscar

Crystal FallsRuwitch, HermanWarshawsky, Nathan

DetroitLIBRARY MEMBERS

Public LibraryTraitel, Maurice, 149 Farnsworth

SPECIAL MEMBERFrohlich, Edward, 95 Edmund PI.

ANNUAL MEMBERSAbramson, Jos., 145 W. Ferry Av.Alexander, Sidney L., 304 Kirby

Av., S.Alpert, Daniel J., 438 AntolneAmberg, Dr. Emil, 756 Cass Av.Aronstam, Dr. Noah E., 166 E.

HighBecker, Sam'l, 273 AlfredBeisman, Dr. Jos. A., 630 BrusaBennett, Dr. Chas., 213 Woodward

Av.Berger, E. F., 103 Euclid Av., W.Berman, B., 175 E. ElizabethBernstein, Dr. Albert E., 436 An-

toineBernstein, Dr. P. M., 432 Antoine

24 53

Beth El Temple Sab. School, care Michiganof Rev. L. M. Franklin

Bloom, Adam E., 949 4thBlumenthal, D., 90 AlfredBrilllng, Mrs. Henry, 96 Lincoln

Av.Butzel, Henry M., 36 Marston Ct.Butzel, Leo M., 66 Pallister Av.Cohen, A. Lapin, 126 John Rd.Cohen, H. B., 401 RussellCohn, Louis, 195 WinderDreifuss, Maurice, 529 Ford Bldg.Ehrlich, Moe, 307 HancockEnglander, J., 57 E. Adams Av.Ettinger, P., 157 Forrest Av., E.Finn, Barney, 38 Selden Av.Finsterwald, Adolph, 67 MonroeFrank, Charles, 766 BrushFrank, Harry, 255 HastingsFrank, Meyer, 740 Brush Blvd.Frank, Sam., 259 Hancock Av.Franklin, Rabbi Leo. 10 Edison Av.Frledberg, J., 600 BrushFriedman, Wm., 1706 MontcalmGoldman, A., 299 BeaublenGoldman, B., 285 E. HighGoldman Bros., 418 HastingsHalbstein, Dr. L. N., 377 HastingsHeavenrich, Samuel, 620 Hammond

Bldg.Helfman, H.. 107 EliotHershman, Rabbi A. M., for Sunday

School, 757 Brush Blvd.Hershman, Rabbi A. M., 757 Brush

Blvd.Hirschfeld, J., Room 8, Campan

Bldg.Jacob, Ben B., 726 BrushJacob, Wm., 184 Palmer Av.Jacobs, A., 52 AlfredJacobson, Benjamin, 26 Newberry

Bldg.Kahn, Max, 438 Goodmere Av.Kaplan, L., 1190 BrushKaufman, S., 211 E. MontcalmKeidan, Harry, 598 Gratlot Av.Kositchek, Ignace, 2S5 Warren Av.,

E.Krolik, Mrs. Henry A., 115 High, E.Langer, Jacob, 251 Hancock Av., E.Levin, Rabbi J. L., 168 MontcalmLevy, Dr. David J., 35 Seward Av.Levy, Wm. K., 136 AdelaideLieberman, M.. 98 High. E.Lightstone, Sam., 62 BrewsterLondy, S., Fuller HotelMarymont, Jos.. 1023 BrushMeisner, Miss Bessie, 280 WinderMitshkun, M. D., 576 HastingsMoscowitz, P., 277 E. WarrenNelkin, Mrs., 1433 AntoineNewman, Herbert J., 860 Brush


Michigan Parish, Joseph, 1183 3d Av.Parnes, Louis, r>8 RentinPeck, Ignatz, 12U1 Majestic BldgPressman, Dr. .T., 468 St. AntoineReich, Louis, 968 Michigan Av.Robinson, D., 181 MontcalmRogroy, Abraham, 448 AntoineRosenberg, Louis J., 719 Majestic

Bldjr.Rosenthal, D., 316 Farnsworth Av.Rosenthal. J. P.. 234 Montcalm, E.Rosenzweig, S. D., 66 Connecticut

Av.Saperstein, N., 301 HastingsSapiro, Abram, 142 AdelaideSarahson and Cohpn, 399 HastingsSarahson, S., 261 Hancock Av., B.Scheinman, I. L., 31 RavenaSchloss, Seligman, 184 Jefferson Av.Sellers, E. H., 79 Home Bank Bldg.Selling:, Bernard B., 98 Virginia Av.Sempliner, Abram W., 112 Phila-

delphia, B.Shapero, Meyer, 16 ElizabethShetzer, I., 309 Oratiot Av.Shnitz, S., 136 EliotSllversteln, Hyman, 223 High, E.Simon, A., 33 AlfredSimons, Chas. C, 306 Perry Av., B.Simons, David W., 72 ErskineSivy. Jacob, 257 Oratiot Av.Slnther. I., 323 HastingsSmilanslcy, Louis, 203 Warren Av.Sorock, Dr. Emll, 531 AntoineStarr, M., 410 HastingsSteinberg, Chas., 16 Monroe Av.Trnnsky, Peter, Lauraetta Apt., 402

BeaubienVan Baalen, I., 51 SproatVelick, H. A.. 298 Kirby, E.Wpisbprg. Philip, 333 WinderZackheim, M. H., 418 Hastings

FlintSPECIAL MEMBER

Benison, Ben;)., 214 S. Sagtnaw

ANNUAL MEMBERSKobacker. Mrs. M.Lcbiter, L. S., 850 GarlandRosenberg, M., 330 E. KearsleyWinegarden, H., C2.°, E. KearsleyWinegarden, Hyman, 111 W. 3d Av.

Grand HavenKaden, J. M.

Grand RapidsBelfer, Simon, 155 MonroeBraun, Frederick, Herkimer Hotel

Finkelsteln, A., 220 FultonFishman, M. Louis, 116 CanalGrombacher, Louis, 263 Crescent

Av.Hart, Joseph S., 185 S. Cottage Av.Houseman, H. L., 152 Madison Av.Jacobson, M., 57 W. BridgeKohn, Chas., Hermitage Hotelrantllnd", J. Boyd, Morton HouseSimon, S., & Sons, 418 N. OttawaWegusen, A. S., 580 E. FultonWolf, G. A., Michigan Trust Bldg.

HancockGartner, Jacob

HawksBuchbalter, Wm,Horwitz, Harris

HougrhtonMiller, I.l'imstein, Hyman

HubbellToplon, Mrs. Meyer

JacksonHeuman, Chas., 345 3dIleuman, Maurice, 615 S. MechanicJacobs, J., 320 W. Mason.Tacobson, Win., 106 PigeonRabinowitch, I., 257 E. Main

KalamazooBernstein, Dr. B. J., 627 S. BurdickBlumenberg, A. L., 217 N. BurdickDesenberg, Mrs. B. L., 304 W.

LowellDesenberg, M., Sr., care of Columbia

Electric Co.Desenberg, Meyer, Jr., 214 W. Dut-

tonFolz, SamuelLewis, Dr. Sam'I J., 1617 PearlOppenheim, Ben., 116 B. VineSilverman, I. L., 810 S. BurdickSpeyer, Adolph, 615 S. RoseStern, Sellg, 135 E. SouthSternfeld, M., 516 W. CedarThurman, Rabbi Sam'I, 518 Walnut

Ct.Lansing

SPECIAL MEMBERSGerson, Jos., 610 Washington Av.,

Simon, Jacob B., 606 WashingtonAv., N.

54


ANNUAL MEMBERSCohen, Alex., 300 Oakland BlockMay, Louis J., 235 S. Washington

Av.Rappaport, Sam'l J., 416 St. Joseph

N.Wershow, S. M., 400 S. Pennsylva-

nia Av.Manistique

Blumrosen, Moses

MareellusStern, S.

MuskegonGoldberg, Hiram, 9 E. Western Av.Goldberg, M. J., 95 W. Western Av.Rosen, Abe, 29 Western Av.Rosenthal, Bertha, 17 Monroe Av.Rubinsky, H.

NilesJulius, Charles

Port Huron MichiganCohen, Mrs. Leon, 215 FortLevine, L., 409 ButlerRubinstein, A.

SagrinawDembinskl, Louis, 217 N. GrangerGoldstein, Saul, 1100 HancockLevinsohn, Harry D., 1320 German-

town Av.Oppenheim, I., 333 N. JeffersonPhilippe, A. D., 823 N. HamiltonSandelman, R., 1023 EmersonSeitner, S.. 541 S. WarrenStark, J. H., 223 N. PorterWeinberg, A. B., 200 Perkins

St. JosephMayer, George, Crawford Flats

Sault Ste. MarieMoses, D. K.

MINNESOTA MinnesotaDuluth

Abrahamson, Mrs. W. M., 1331 2d,E.

Cohen, Hyman A., Ashtabula FlatsElevitch, H., 15 W. LemonFriedman, Mrs. J. J., 130 8th Av., E.Garon, A., 601 1st E.Gittelson, S. E., 400 Superior, W.Goldberg, Mrs. Saul, Hotel HollandHammel, Louis, 1423 3d, E.Hirschfield, Dr. M. S., 409 New

Jersey Bldg.Horowitz, E., 221 3d, E.Josephs, H. T., 1124 Superior, E.Kapplin, A. B., Frederick HotelKaron, A. S., 1226 3d, E.Kohn, Victor, 301 4th, E.Lefkovits, Rev. Dr. M\, 1919 3d, E.Levin, Mrs. Gust, 431 E. 2dLevin, S. I., 117 W. 3dLevy, Harry M., 501 E. 2dMeyers, Chas. P., 219 4th Av., E.Oreckovsky, Chas. D., 121 E. 3dOreckovsky, J., 531 E. 2dSchwartz, Dr. A. H., 1603 SuperiorSells, L. J., Spalding HotelSilberstein, B.Simon, W., 406 E. 5thWolfe, Jos., 214 W. 1stZalk, Louis, 300 E. Michigan

HibMngKahn, Louis, 325 Center

MinneapolisAbeles, Abbie M., 2115 Aldrich Av.

S.Adelsheim, E., 2310 Colfax Av., S.Avin, Elijah, 53 Highland Av.Bank, Meyer, 117 Highland Av.Bardin, Leon, 309-Aldrich Av.Bearman, A. N., 501 Pennsylvania

Av., N.Berman, Mrs. A., 711 Elwood Av.,

N.Berman, D., 1326 Fremont Av., N.Braunstein, E. L., 403 Lyndale, N.Brecher, Hans, 2640 Dupont Av.Brill, Josiah E., 509 Andrus Bldg.Brin, Arthur, 3117 5th Av., S.Central Library, 10th and Hennepin

Av.Cohen, Emanuel, 313 Nlcollet Av.Cohen, Jacob, 816 N. EmersonCohen, Dr. Nathan N., 642 6th Av.,

N.Conner, Chas., 801 Irving Av., N.Conner, N., 615 Fremont Av., N.Dockman, Benj., 1406 5th, N.Dockman, Michael, 2515 Columbus

Av., S.Eisenstadt, N., 629 Lindale PI.Eisler, Adolpb, 2427 Chicago Av.Feigelman, Louis, 626 Fremont Av.,

N.Fligelman, J., 2304 Lyndale Av., S.Friedland, S., 31 Highland Av.Friedman, J., 1941 S. James Av.

55


Minnesota Gelb, Julius, 611 6th Av., N.Genser, Moses, 1514 10th Av., S.Goldberg, Aaron, 2!>32 Portland Av.Goldberg, Harry, 1527 HawthorneGoldblum, Chas. B., 905 14th Av., S.Goldblum, Dr. Geo. J., 2308 Girard

Av., S.Goldman, B. M., 701 Oak Lake Av.,

N.Goodman, John, 2012 Chicago Av.Gordon, Dr. George J., 815 E. 18thGreenberg, Louis, 1106 Bryant Av.,

Harpman, J., 320 New York LifeBldg.

Heller, Mrs. A. H., 2012 Aldrich Av.,S.

Hirschfield, A., 1021 WashingtonAv., N.

Jakuner, S., 51 Royalston Av.Jeffrey, M., 615 E. 17thJuster, Charles, 1114 S. 6thKaufman, Geo. H., 1015 N. 5thKlekner, Max, 1819 S. 16th Av.Kronengold, M., 511 N. Aldrich Av.Kronick, M. J., 2014 S. DupontLevinson, H. L., 621 Lyndale PI.Levitt, Chas. L., 1612 W. 25thLiss, H., 1130 Lyndale Av., N.Marker, Harry, 1132 Lyndale Av.,

N.Markus, Peter, 619 Aldrich Av., N.Mikolas, Eugene, 2426 Portland Av.Mikolas. Mrs. L. R., 2508 Dupont

Av., S.Moss, Mrs. Chas., 101 1st Av., N.Nadler, Sam, 721 Bradford, N.Noodelman, Myer, 1332 Irving Av.,

N.Rappaport, Solomon, 533 Lyndale

Av., N.Rauch, Dr. Chns.. 1407 S. 7thRosenberg, H., 106 Highland Av., N.Rosenberg, Jonas. 1318 Vine PI.Rosenstein, Moses, 2525 4th Av., S.Schanfeld, Joseph, 729 E. 17thSchreiber, Maurice, 1130 Lyndale

Av., N.Schwartz, Mayer, 240 4th Av., S.Segal, Harry C, 621 Lyndale Av., N.Seham, Dr. M., 637 6th Av., N.Selser, Chas., 26 Washington Av., N.Selser, S., 1516 10th Av. S.Silber, Morris, 127 Highland Av.Silberman, Chas., 1924 Elliot Av., S.Silk, C, 555 6th Av., N.Weil, Isaac, 42 S. 6thWeinberg, B. L., 428 20th Av.Weiskopf, Henry, 1007 1st Av., S.Winthrop, M. S.. 355 Temple CourtWolpert, A., 1118 Knox Av., N.

Woolpy, J. H., 1817 Chicago Av.Wunderman, C. M., 1412 S. 5thZeissman, J. M., 522 N. BryantZieve, Rimal, 501 Pennsylvania Av.,

N.Ziskin, H., 3 Highland Av.

St. PaulSPECIAL MEMBER

Hirschman, B. M., 849 Laurel Av.

ANNUAL MEMBERS.

Aberle, D., 736 Lincoln Av.Bechhoefer, Chas., Natl. German

Am. Bank Bldg.Birnberg, Dr. A. M., 516 AshlandBlebert, M. B., 132 Eaton Av.Calmenson, Benj., 586 CanadaEdelman, Sam, 57 W. 3dFirestone, Milton P., 410 Globe Bldg.Frankel, Hiram D., 854 Holly Av.Frankel, Louis R., 936 Ashland Av.Frankel, Max, 924 Hague Av.Friedman, Chas., 1624 Hague Av.Geller, A. B., 98 S. RobertGoldberg, S. J., 393 Marshall Av.Goldman, Herman, 256 GroveGoldstein, C. A., 100% N. St. AlbanGoralsky, Ed., 198 E. 13thGreenberg, Ph., 266 E. 9thGuiterman, Ambrose, 215 Nelson Av.Heim, Moritz, 47 E. 6thHertz, A. J., St. Paul HotelHoffman, S., 203 E. 13thHorwitz, Harry B., 1053 Ashland

Av.Horwitz, Henry E., 633 Dayton Av.Klein, Jos., 940 Selby Av.Krawetz, Jos., 220 E. 13thMakiesky, A., 533 L'OrlentMogilner, Jos., 240 MorrisOrenstein, L. F., 187 RondoPublic Library, Mrs. H. J. McCanieRoisner, S., 98 S. RobertRosen, I., 612 Chamber of CommerceRothschild, Dr. H. J., 948 Hague Av.Rothschild, Louis, 1185 Laurel Av.Rubenstein, S., 1142 PortlandSchwartz, Louis B., 200 13thSherper, Dr. Myron, 237 Lowry

Bldg.Simon, D., 554 WacontaSkorish, M., 643 OliveWeiss, Harry, 424 Globe Bldg.Winnick, Dr. J. B., 595 CanadaZelgler, Dr. Sam'l, 6th Av. and Still-

water

56


MISSISSIPPI MississippiBrookhaven

Lewinthal, Max, Lock Box 188

CorinthRothschild, Sig.Rubel, AbeRubel, Ike

GreenvilleBogen, E. J.Goldstein, NathanHafter, Charles, 210 S. HinesHarris, C. S., 212 S. HinesHartman, M. M.Riteman, Louis H., 500 Central Av.Sternheim, Rabbi Bmanuel

MeridianGoldstein, W., 711 23dLoeb, Alex.Lowi, Ike, 2915 7thRaisin, Rabbi Max, 1725 24th Av.Stanley, W. B., Asylum HeightsS. S. Cong. Beth Israel, care of

Rabbi Raisin, 1725 24th Av.Threefoot, H. M.

NatchezAbrams, SamBeekman, Mrs. P., 301 N. CommerceB'nai Israel Library, care of Rev. S.

G. Bottigheimer, 211 S. Commerce

Bottigheimer, Rev. S. G., 211 S.Commerce

Prank, Henry, 310 N. PearlLaub, DavidRubin, Maurice, 518 N. PineSamuels, E.. Clifton HeightsScharff, MonroeSeiferth, Jon., N. UnionZerkovsky, C.

Port GibsonAbraham, LouisBernheimer, JacobPried, B.Jalenak, JacobMarx, H.

VicksburgBaer, Leon, care of Brown & BaerBernstein, L. S., 1315 WalnutCohen, P., 1106 GrovePeder, David, 1107 WalnutPeld, P. H., 1310 MainPischel, L. R., 1015 HarrisonHirsh, J.Kory, Rabbi Sol. L., 1318 BaumLandau, M. D.Lustberg, Chas.Marcus, S., 818 MonroeNelson, J. E., 1115 1st, N.Religious School of Cong. Anshe

ChesedRice, H. E., 2200 CherryRose, Mrs. A., 110 South

Kansas CitySPECIAL MEMBERS

Harzfeld, J. A., 2417 Linwood Av.Jewish Educational Inst., Admiral

and Harrison

ANNUAL MEMBERSAskanas, A. L., 1125 MainBlock, Max M., 3119 Forest Av.B'nai Jehuda Congregation, Lin-

wood Blvd. & Flora Av.Brenner, Max, 1518 Lydia Av.Brenner, S. H., 415 S. W. Blvd.Davidson, Julius, 302 Kemper Bldg.Flohr, Jacob, 2501 Forest Av.Friedberg, Harry, Coates House

MISSOURILehman, Dr. Alex. S., 909 Woodland

Av.Lehman, Wm., 4400 CampbellLeschin, J., 1917 Linwood Blvd.Loebenstein, Dr. Sam'l, 3120 Har-

risonLouis, A. I., 118 S. KensingtonLyon, Mrs. Lee, 3518 Harrison

Blvd.Mayer, Rabbi Harry H., 2600 E.

28thMorris, M.. 1301 Independence Av.Public Library, 9th and LocustReefer, M. C.Rosenwald, Dr. Leon, 408 Argyle

Bldg.Rubin, Heiman, 306 Gumble Bldgr.

Missouri

Goldblatt,' Jos. M., Y. M. C. A. Young Maccabean, The, care of Jew-

Goodman, Sam, 2733 HarrisonJacobs, Dr. Benj., 2919 OliveKarol, J. B., 18 W. 13thKessel, Mrs. Laura, 2918 Park Av.Kirschbaum, Louis, 541 Delaware

ish Educational Inst.Weinberg, B., 2603 LnckridgeWolf, Dr. I. J., 202 Argyle Bldg.

LouisianaMichael, Isadore

57


Missouri St. JosephLIBRARY MEMBER

Joseph Lodge No. 73, I. O. B. B.,care of B. M. Achtenberg, 314Ger. Amer. Bank Bldg.

SPECIAL MEMBERSBinswanger, Simon, 918 SylvaniePhillip, Ben, 821 N. 24thWestheimer, Eugene F., 205 S. 3d

ANNUAL MEMBERSAbramson, J. I., 408 S. 12thBerger, J., 1303 SylvanieCushman, M., 733 S. 10thDolginoff, H., 620 S. 9thEliscu, Fred'k, 212 S. 17thElsass, Otto, 2H1 W. 89thPayman, A., 1006 N. 3dFogel, Max, 702 S. 6thFrumhoff, I., 4th and EdmondGoldman, Jos., 2204 Frederic Av.Joffe, D., 2321 St. Joseph Av.Ladensohn, H., 615 N. 17thNewburger, BernhardNewman, Frank L., 2013 DuncanPutter, Mrs. J., Missouri and King

Hill Av.Reich, Morris, 2802 S. 17thRosenthal, J., 307 S. 6thSaferstein, II. I., 731 S. 9thSilverman, Eugene, 1430 S. 25thSpring, Sam'l B., 1923 S. 11thWestheimcr, Ferd.

St. LouisPATItON

Stix, Charles A., 26 Portland

LIBRARY MEMBEREbn Ezra Lodge No. 47, I. O. B. B.,

Henry H. Furth, Sec, 307 Mis-souri Trust Bldg.

SPECIAL MEMBERSAltheimer, Benj., 217 N. 4thBoehm, Dr. Jos. L., 3806 Delmar Av.Coben, L., 1014 N. 7thEmanupl, E. R., 4827 N. PineFraley, Moses, 26 Portland PI.Goldman, Simon, 2921 LocustGoldstein, Lenore, 4060 Washington

Av.Golland, Dr. N., 4183 W. Belle Av.Greensfelder, B., 421 OliveHoffman, Dr. Phil., 3657 Delmar

Blvd.Horwitz, Dr. Alex. E., 5188 Von

VersurLippman, Dr. G., 4317 Lindell Blvd.

Llppman, S. M., 4360 Page Av.Michael, Ellas, 4383 Westminster

PI.Russack, Max, 4350 McPherson Av.Sale, Lee, 5200 Waterman Av.Schapero, Louis, 388 N. Euclid Av.Simpkin, H., Walton and Laclide Rd.Stix, William, 4642 Lindell Blvd.

ANNUAL MEMBERSAbbey, Adolph, 5763a McPherson

Av.Aberson, Ph., 4235a Page Av.Adler, H., 2818 GambleAlch, E. M., 2636 N. Euclid Av.Alch, Dr. Geo. H., 4546 Cook Av.Appel, Nathan J., 4529 Easton Av.Baer, William, 415 Commercial Bldg.Bass, Simon S., 1109 Clark Av.Berman, M., 4024 W. BelleBernitz, Jos., 3125 Belle Av.Bierman, Sam'l, 4337 W. Belle Av.Blass, Bernard, 2920 DicksonBlitzstein, J., 5875 Easton Av.Block, Joseph, 5869 N. MarketBlock, L. A., 1135a Walton Av.Blumberg, D. L., 1138 Aubert Av.Blumenstock, Anna, 4347 Cook Av.Boehm, Sol., 3S06 Delmar Blvd.Bowman, D. A., 4617 Westminster

PI.Bowman, Samuel, 605 Third Nat.

Bank Bldg.Brandt, A., 5024 Page Blvd.Brasch, E. L., 3112 N. 25thBrasch, Leo, 3055 DicksonBrasch, Sam'l C, 1421a Granville

PI.Bregstone, H. H., 5330 Gibson Av.Brod, Isidor. 5204 Page Blvd.Caplan, Ephrim, 908 Wainwright

Bldg.Caplan, Dr. L., 407 Lister Bldg.Cartun, S., 1147 Union Blvd.Cohen, N., 3540 Easton Av.Cohn, D. L., 759 Baerd Av.Cong. Sbaare Emeth, Lindell Blvd.

and VandeventerCytron, Gustave, 3403 Ends Av.Deutsch, A., 1725 Franklin Av.Diamond, Phil, 723 N. Vandeventer

Av.Eiseman, David, care of Rice Stix,

D. Gd. Co.Engel, J., 6028 Maple Av.Evans, Shepard R., 4748 Cook Av.Farb, A., 2901 DaytonFeinberg, Dr. S.. 1620M> BiddleFeinstein, A., 5886 Easton Av.Fisculowitz, H., 5922a Theodosia

Av.Fischlowitz, Isidore, 3220 Morgan

58


Plelschman, Dr. J. C, 1026 N. 14thPreedman, Alex., 1382 BlackstoneFriedman, J., 4753 Easton Av.Friedman, Lester, care of Friedman,

Shelby Shoe Co.Friedman, N., 1235 Kingshury PI.Puller, A., 32 Washington TerraceFurth, Jacob, 3951a McPherson av.Gallant, C. Lew, 4032 Castleman Av.Gellman, L., 1128 N. 12thGerman, N. J., 6226 Easton Av.Gibbs, Joseph, 4017 Lindell Blvd.Ginsburg, A., 1382 Arlington Av.Glicksberg, L., 5380 Easton Av.Godlove, Louis, 2344 Whitmore PI.Gold, Sam, 1244 Franklin Av.Goldman, Sol., 907 N. 11thGoldman, Wm H., 1025 N. 17thGoldstein, Jacob, 405% SarahGraber, A., 4471 Page Blvd.Graber, S., 4827 Delmar Av.Greenberg, H., 5248 Theodosia Av.Grossman, L., 612 N. Taylor Av.Guntzler, Theo. L., 6194 Washington

Av.Harrison, Rev. Dr. Leon, 4131 Mary-

land Av.Hesselberg, M., 1410 N. Kingshigh-

way Blvd.Horwitz, Edward S., 4337 Page Blvd.Horwitz, Dr. M. R., 5224 Delmar

Blvd.Husch, Dr. Herman, 5575 Water-

town Av.Jewish Educational Alliance, N. W.

cor. 9th and CarrJewish Press, The, 1212 HighKahn, Miss Babette, 3906 Delmar

Blvd.Kalish, Ralph, 5927 De Giverville

Av.Karpel, S., 1719 Franklin Av.Klein, Sam., 1410 N. KingshighwayKoplitsky, S. J., 4551 Easton Av.Landesman, Ben., 4640 Evans Av.Lasersohn, A. J., 4646A FerdinandLasky, Jacob, 5172 Kensington Av.Lemberg, Chas., 821 N. Lefflngwell

Av.Lentzner, A., 512 Franklin Av.Levinson, H., 1203 Clara Av.Levinson, Morris G., 5156 Waterman

Av.Levitt, Samuel. 5058 Maple Av.Levy, Aaron, 4757 Westminster PI.Lewin, Dr. Wm. A., 5305 Delmar

Blvd.Lieberman, E., 1232 N. VandeventerLipkind, Rev. G., Windermere HotelLippman, Julius, 4452 Evans Av.Lipsitz, Dr. S. T., 5040 Fairmount

Av.

Loeb, Dr. Hanau W., 537 N. Grand MissouriAv.

Loewenstein, Arnold, 2847 St. Vin-cent

Luballsky, W., 3685a Laclide Av.Margulis, Dr. A. A., 1714 Can-Mayer, Emil, 5535 Waterman Av.Mayer, Louis, 307 3d Nat. Bk. Bldg.Messing, Rev. Dr. H. J., 5249a

MorganMoritz, Dr. Gustave, 5037 Cabanne

Av.Nathan. Emil, 5037 Waterman Av.Newman, J., 5239 Delmar Blvd.Nider, M 4446 Delmar Av.Persow, S., 4312 W. Bell PI.Plan, S., 4651 Cook Av.Pollock, S., 1600 KnappPublic Library, Olive, 13th to 14thReichman, D., 4307 W. Belle Av.Rice, Jonathan, 3733 PineRosenberg, Simon. 821 Lucas Av.Rosenfeld, A., 5043 CabanneRosentreter, Rev. Adolph, 4311 W.

Bell PI.Rovitsky, J., 5185 Vernon Av.Rubinowich, L., 1444 ChaseRussack, S. J.. 434 W. Bell PI.Rutstein, A. M., 4106 St. Louis Av.Sacks, B., 4211 W. Belle Av.Sale, M. N., 5632 Cabanne Av.Sale, Dr. Sam'l, 4621 Westminster

PI.Sandperl, Max, 5636 Cabanne Av.Schapero, H., 5005 Page Blvd.Schmidt, Herman, 4360a Page Blvd.Schumitzky, Alex., 4710 Delmar Av.Schumitzky, Louis, 4710 Delmar Av.Schwartz, S., 1166 N. KingshighwaySender, H., 4144 Westminster PI.Shank, J., 407 N. EuclidShapiro, Dr. M., 1502 Franklin Av.Shapiro, Max, 1111 N. 15thShapiro, Morris, 11th and Franklin

Av.Shroder, S. W., 5077 Washington

Blvd.Shucart, J., 4653 Delmar Av.Shucart, L., 1256 Union Blvd.Siegfried, H., 4550 Cook Av.Silverman, Wm. L., 8 N. 20thSimon, S., 1244 Hodiamont Av.Spector, Dr. I., 1815 CarrSpitzburg, L., 3404A Park Av.Straus, Wm. J., 617 N. Taylor Av.Torin, L., 4063 OliveTreichlinger, David, 813 SpruceTucker, Miss Rose, 1437 N. 18thTuholske, Dr. H., 4405 Westminster

PI.United Hebrew Congr. S. S., Kings-

highway and Von Verson Av.

59


Missouri Unterberger, T., 1302 N. Kingshigh-way

Walport, Jesse A., 5273 WashingtonWeinstein, F., 4950 Delmar Av.Weiss, Max L., Globe Democrat

Bldg.White, J., 1042 Temple Av.Wild, Julius, 3504 BarretWillner, S., 1248 S. Bway.Wiman, J., 1918 Belt Av.Wohl, Morris

Wolf, Alexander S., 1392 GranvillePI.

Wyman, J., 2804 GumbelYawitz, Frank, 3820 Page Av.Yawitz, Harry L., 3915 St. Louis Av.Yawitz, Morris J.. 3965 McPhersonYawitz, Samuel, 916 WhittierYoung Men's Hebrew Association,

Euclid and McPherson Avs.Zemelman, S., 4733a Vernon Av.Zillman, Ben., 3039 Minnesota Av.

Montana MONTANAButte Helena

Braley, Miss Mary T., 120 So. Es- Heller, Robt.celsior Loble, Henry

Davies, John F., Box 211 Poznanski, Sol.

Nebraska NEBRASKAColumbus

Helphand, D.Grand Island

Wolbach, S. N.Lincoln

Newmark, M. A., 1705 CPepperberg, Julius, 813 O

OmahaSPECIAL MEMBERS

Levy, Morris, 15th and FarnamRosenthal, H., 1043 S. 30th Av.

ANNUAL MEMBERSAbrahams, H. J., 2104 DouglasArkin, Morris, 316 S. 15thAuerbach, Herman H., 725 S. 18thBerenstein, H., 214 N. 16thBergman, Sol., 325 S. 37thBoswell, G., Box 472Brodky, David, 545 S. 25thCohn, Rev. Frederick, 1302 Park

Av.Dansky, Sam'l, 418 N. 21stElgutter, Chas. S., 424 Bee Bldg.Emdin, Rev. B., 1919 BurtFleishman, E., 1919 BurtGordon, Morris I., 843 S. 22dGross, David B., 1819 Cass

Gross, Harry, 501 S. 22dHiller, Henry, 3521 FarnamHirschberg, Jos., 1615 HowardHirschmann, Dr. H., 1029 S. 31stKatz, Sam'l, 3707 JamesKirschbaum, Louis, 403 S. 38thKneeter, L., 506 S. 16thLesman, Simon, 1539 N. 19thMandelson, S., 3310 HamiltonMonheit, A., 403 S. 16thMonheit, M., 403 S. 16thMonsky, Henry, 2215 WebsterNathan, Chas., 506 S. 19thNathan, Louis, 725 S. 18thOmaha Public LibraryOrkin, Julius, Loyal HotelPeilen, Louis I., 220 Bee BldgRips, Abe, 2639 DavenportRiseman, Harry, 318 y3 N. 16thRomm, Dr. A., 2008 BurtRosenblum, M. H., 702 N. 19thSchoenwald, Harry, 520 S. 13thSher, Dr. Philip, 1613 BurtSugarman, Martin, 615 Brandies

Bldg.Temple Israel Sab. School, care of

Rev. Fred. CohnWilinsky, Harry, 1512 N. 20thWolf, H. A., 218 N. 22dYoffe, Nathan, 307 Boston Store

Bldg.

NevaJa NEVADAReno

Schwarzschild, Julius, Box 808

NewHampshire Concord

Cohn, A. I., 16 UnionSaidel, LeonShapiro, Harry, 40 Merrimack

NEW HAMPSHIREDerry Village

SPECIAL MEMBER

Tansky, Edward, care of Hood Farm

60


ManchesterSPECIAL MEMBER

Stoll, Isaac, 290 Cedar

ANNUAL MEMBEKSAlter, Jacob, 186 AuburnAnsell, Louis, 224 GreenBaran, David, 418 CedarBaumstein, Louis, 271 AuburnBelogratsky, Sam, 17T CentralBronstein, Max, 100 LaurelCharron, Sam., 59 CedarChase, E. M.. 90 HarrisonChirurg, Dr. C, 241 Central Av.Cohen, David, 258 GroveDrucker, Jos. M., 20 HanoverEluto, Jos., cor. Auburn and PineFealk, I., 35 SpruceFeldman, H., 91 AshFeldman, Max L., 363 PearlFelsher, Louis, 131 HanoverFelsher, N., 161 HanoverFinblatt, Isaac, 393 ManchesterFineblit, Sam'l, 393 ManchesterFinman, Isaac, 38 BredyFleischman, Simon, 98 PenacookGarber, Isaac, 161 HanoverGordon, Louis, 336 Lake Av.Gordon, Raphael, 393 ManchesterHoffman, Sam'], 190 CedarKaniger, Ellk, 186 AuburnKatz, Samuel, 40 LowellKatz, Simon, 189 Lake Av.Katz, WilleKniager, Abraham, 146 SpruceKnieger, M., 158 AuburnLetvinchmen, Himen, 130 SpruceLevenson, Jacob. 313 LaurelLowenstam, S., 339 SpruceLubia, Joseph, 126 MerrimackMellan, Isak, 212 Lock Av.Mushlin, Sam'l, 276 SummerPerelman, Abe, 23 N. MainPlosner, P., 529 MassebisickResnik, Israel, 224 GreenRetman, Jacob, 130 MarianakRich, Abraham S., 255 GreenRosenberg, Morris, 47 Lake Av.Rosenblum, M., 184 LaurelRosenblum, S., 834 ElmSchlachter, Hime. 82 Lake Av.Schwartz, D., 195 Lake Av.

Schwartz, ,T., 215 CedarSheinfeld, Harry, 66 AuburnSlosberg, Myer, 217 HanoverSpecter, Louis, 232 Lake Av.Steinberg, Bernard, 151 SpruceStutman, Israel, 243 Lake Av.Sullivan, S., 1149 ElmTalent, Max J., 122 ManchesterThai, John, 56 LaurelWaisman, Morris, 232 N. CentralWaisman, Sam'l, 190 CedarWeiner, Moses, 633 ElmWindheim, Abner S., 130 Merrimack

NashuaAltman, Max, 49 TollesBlume, S., 35 TollesCohen, B. H., 33 PineCohen, B. L., 61 WalnutCohen, M. H., 62 LockDagerson, H., 65 LockDalinsky, S., 41 WhitneyDavis, A., 21 FactoryDruker, Myer, 11 Temple PI.Edelstein, M., 5 Cottage Av.Goldinkoff, L., 101 TollesGoodman, A. j . , 30 FactoryGordon, C. H., 57% PineHackaway, Sh., 15 TollesKatz, I. M.Kesler, S., 50 TollesLevine, Rubin, 53 WhitneyMandelson, J. C 60% WalnutMandelson, M., 97 PalmMarcus, D., 24% WashingtonMirsky, J., 62% LockNusenow, Sam'l, 39 TollesPaimer, M., 13 TollesShaber, Sam'l, 35 FactorySharpe, H., 39 TollesSharpe, S., 55 WhitneySimberg, N., 64 MainSimon, Joseph, 60 WalnutSlawsky, A. B., 5 CharlesSpringer, M., 2 White

NewmarketLondon, M. H.

SomersworthWimpfheimer, N.

NewHampshire

Atlantic CitySPECIAL MEMBERS

Bria, Arnold de, 15 N. Virginia Av.Brown, Henry, 31a N. Maryland Av.Gross, D., 36 N. Georgia Av.Krulewitch, Mrs. Chas., 2218 At-

lantic Av.

NEW JERSEYNauy, Mrs. S., 700 Arctic Av.Silberman, A., 2309 Atlantic Av.Weinsaft, Martin, Florida and Fair-

mount Avs.

New Jersey

ANNUAL MEMBERSBanner, Michael, Amsterdam Apts.

61


New Jersey Barab, Harris, 217 N. Delaware Av.Baron, N., 2224 Arctic Av.Berkowitz, Max II., 228 N. Muss.

Av.Blum, Mrs. Anna, 46 N. Maryland

Av.Blum, Morris, 2527 Atlantic Av.Blum, Paul P., 2727 Atlantic Av.Blumberg, Isaac, 1201 Mediterra-

nean Av.Byer. M., 15 N. Virginia Av.Cassman, HarryD., 1638 Atlantic Av.Cohen, Frieda M., 1026 Atlantic Av.Cohpn, Henry, 138 N. Ohio Av.Cohn, Abraham, 1715 Atlantic Av.Cohn, Albert S., 517 BoardwalkEfron, Morris, Hotel Majestic, S.

Virsinia Av.Finkelstein. M., 166 S. Virginia Av.Fisher, Rabbi Henry, 109 Seaside

Av.Glasgow, Mrs. Sophin, 2412 Pacific

Av.Golfer, Leon, 2507 Pacific Av.Gorson, Morris M., 121 N. Pennsyl-

vania Av.Gots. M., 2304 Baltic Av.Gottlieb, I., 1434 Atlantic Av.Greenberg, J., Baltic and Virginia

Avs.Greenstone, Morris, 901 Baltic Av.Gross, Louis, 1003 Atlnntic Av.Grossman, Joseph, The New Roman,

St. Charles PI.Hnlpern, Henry, 1740 Atlantic Av.Hanstein, Mrs. Clara L., Royal

Palace HotelHlrsch, Aaron, 1605 Atlantic Av.Hoffman. H.. 1734 Atlnntic Av.Hyman, J. B.. 2316 Arctic Av.Jaspan, J., 713 Arctic Av.Jetties, H. A., P. O. Box 284Josephs. Mrs. P., 1830 Atlantic Av.Kloin, W. B., 104 N. Tennessee Av.Kotok, Harry, 32 Reed Av.Krechmer, Ellis, 717 Atlantic Av.Krechmer, Mendel, 2323 Atlantic

Av.Levy, Mrs. Daisy C, 1428 Atlantic

Av.Lewis, A., 514 Arctic Av.Lewis, Simon, 1101 Baltic Av.Lippman, A., 2303 Arctic Av.Llppman, S. M., G. 5, Champion

Bidg.Mizen, J.. 1210 Pacific Av.Morris, B.. 1705 Atlantic Av.Morwitz. B.. 320 BoardwalkMuhlrad, William, 15 S. Delaware

Av.Nathans, Mrs. Horace A., S. E. cor.

Milledgerville and Atlantic Avs.

Ost, Dr. Morris R., Geneva Hotel, 9S. Georgia Av.

Poland, Dr. Jos., 1006 Pacific Av.Ralph, S., 121 N. Illinois Av.Rome, Louis, 2523 Atlantic Av.Roschovsky, Dr. Jos., 1717 Atlantic

Av.Ruvensteln, A., 1023 Arctic Av.Sachs, Leo, Amsterdam Apt.Sailer, M., Cecil HotelSandman, Myer. 1109 Atlantic Av.Schiffer, Jos.. 261 Rosemont Av.Schiffer, Mark. 115 N. Michigan Av.Shapiro, Jos., 635 Arctic Av.Sherman, Rubin. 626 Pacific Av.Shultz, John, 411 Madison Av.Silverman, Dr. Benj., 1901 Atlantic

Sloss,' M.. 2225 Atlantic Av.Soltz, Albert, 2315 Atlantic Av.Sternberg, A., 35 S. Penna. Av.Streitfeld, Solomon, Geneva Hotel,

9 S. Georgia Av.Subrensky, N., 6 S. Carolina Av.Supin, B., 207 N. Massacuhsetts Av.Weinberg, Dr. Chas. B., 1006

Pacific Av.Weinberg. Samuel. 2226 Pacific Av.Weiner. Samuel, 30 N. Georgia Av.Welnsaft, Louis, 2:!20 BoardwalkWeintrob, Alexander, 703 Atlantic

Av.White, M., 729 Atlantic Av.Williams, Dr. M., 59 N. Missouri

Av.Willinms, Dr. Maurice, 4 Champion

Apts.Williams, Nathan, 2318 Atlantic

Av.Winer, B., 11 N. Illinois Av.

BayonneFreedman, Jacob M., 438 BroadwayHerman, Jacob, 653 Av. CHerman, Meyer, 94 W. 31stLevy. Max. 459 Av. CMarshak, Dr. M. I., 13 W. 23dNalitt. Dr. D. I., 24 E. 22dITslander, Abraham I., 411 Av. CWarshawsky, J., 499 Broadway

BloomfleldHauser, Win., 279 Bloomfield Av.

BridgetonRosenthal. D., 149 WalnutSagel Candy Co., 30 Atlantic

CalifonTopkins, Dr. I.

62


CamdenBlank, Jacob Z., 1103 BroadwayCades, Louis, 1150 BroadwayEpstein, Dr. A. M., 928 BroadwayFuhrman, Nathan, 933 BroadwayKligman, Morris, 529 Kaighn Av.Lichtenstein, H. S., 1014 S. 3dMarkowich, H. W., 420 MechanicMurock, Mrs. Edith H., 1318 Prin-

cess Av.Natal, Benj., 315 MarketPlnsky, Philip, 913 S. 3dTartar, Joseph J., 508 Kaighn Av.Tarter, Louis, 628 Kaighn Av.Weinstein, Sam'l, 325% Kaighn Av.

Cape MayKlein, Benjamin, 312 Washington

CarteretSPECIAL MEMBBK

Shapiro, H.

ANNUAL MEMBERSLinsky, David, 82 Rockway Av.Richman, Rabbi Jacob

ChromeSPECIAL MEMBER

Juskovits, Sam.

ANNUAL MEMBERSDuban, SolomonSteinberg, Jacob

East OrangeBack, Mrs. A., 16 N. Arlington Av.Mendelsohn, Mendel R., 167 Central

Av.Elizabeth

Jacobson, Barnett, 414 S. ParkJacobson, Harry, 96 1stJacobson, Sam'l M., 171 4thKessler, Harry, 200 3dKoestler, Samuel, 207 BroadKristal, Sam'l, 1219 B. GrandLeavit, N. R., 130 BroadReiner, Dr. Jacob, 132 B. JerseyRobinson, Dr. Moe, 1016 E. GrandStamler, John J., 207 BroadWagner, Dr. J. H., 84 3dWeiner, David, 134 3dWhynman, Dr. Jos., 15 3dYadwln, Louis E., 89 1st

ElizabethportHoltzman, Alexander J., 223 2dHorowitz, Jake, 176 1stShulman, Morris, 363 Bond

Armon, AaronElmer New Jersej

EnglewoodJolles, Bdw., 45 Liberty RoadLevinsohn, Joseph, 15 Tenafly Road

GloucesterMarkowitz, Julius, 207 Hudson

Guttenlberg:Sadofs, Aaron N., 35 Pacific Av.

HackettstownWaterman, Felix, P. O. Box 64

HotokenBrand, Isidore H., 84 WashingtonGoldram, N. M., 71 WashingtonHerschensohn, Miss Nima, 322 Park

Av.Kislak, Julius I., 408 ClintonLichtenstein, B. M., 604 RiverPollak, Henry, 408 WashingtonRubens, Rev. Chas. C, 620 Bloom-

field Av.Schiller, Albert S., 609 Bloomfleld

Av.Solomon, Alfred E., 314 Washing-

tonJersey City

SPECIAL MEMBERCohen, Henry D., 542 Palisade Av.

ANNUAL MEMBERSBerman, Harold, 356 YorkBlumberg, Max, 712 Newark Av.Goldstein, Abraham J., 47 Duncan

Av.Gross, Emanuel, 315 HendersonHeanel, Jacob, 342 Communipaw

Av.Jacobovitz, Elias, 7 MontgomeryJames, Peter H., 1 MontgomeryJoseph, I., 294 Central Av.Lebow, Dr. A., 128 Newark Av.Levy, Felix A., 254 Seydam Av.Levy, Louis, 437 Hoboken Av.Malkin, M., 552 Palisade Av.M.ix, Louis, 167 Claremont Av.Milkofsky, Benj. J., 350 Montgom-

eryPowell, Elias, 333 Central Av.Schreiber, Meyer S., 565 Palisade

Av.Shacter, I. M., 54 Newark Av.

63


New Jersey MadisonIsaacs, B. A.

MaywoodZalkind, Philip

MillvilleBalinsky. Louis P., W. MainScoble, Walter B., 323 VineSheffer, Harry, 318 MainSutton, I. W., 4 W. Broad

NewarkSPECIAL MEMBERS

Berla, Amzi, 213 PlaneGoetz, Joseph, 27 Clinton Av.Kussy, Myer, 30 Navin PI.Schlesslnger, Louis, 74 Clinton Av.

ANNUAL MEMBERSAlper, Mrs. Frederick, 79 13th Av.Alpert, Dr. N., 42<1 HighAnspach, Eugene J., 583 BroadBamberger, Louis, 147 MarketBlock, Max. 302 Spring-field Av.Bromberg, B., 35 RoseCohen, Burnett, 153 Fairmount Av.Cohn, Joseph E., 36 MercerCohn. Saul, 59 Hillside PI.Danzis, Dr. M., 40 MercerDanzis, Maurice. 489 S. Orange Av.Davidson, Dr. Louis L., 116 SpruceDiamond, Morris, 7fi Littleton Av.Elln, Dr. Joseph, 156 SpruceFedermnn, Philip II., 28- S. Orange

Av.Forman, Samuel, 388 Springfield

Av.Foster, Rev. Solomon, 264 Clinton

Av.Gallop, MattliPW, 28 FarleyGladstone, Rrv. P.. 313 15thOlassenberg, N., 132 SpruceGlikin, Isadore. 170 PrinceGoldberg, Sam'l, 205 HunterdonGoldsmith, Mrs. David. 699% HighGreenberg, Dr. Sam'l, 67 Stratford(Treenfield. William, 800 BroadGrotta, Mrs. Theresa, 20 Nelson PI.Gutman, S., 85 BroomeHahn, Henry, 63 Avon PI.Harris, Joseph. 97 BruceHauser, D., 151 BoydHerzberg, Max J., 20 Rldgewood

Av.Hoffman, Rev. Charles I., 158a

Quitman.Tedel, Dr. M., 125 4thKahn, Alfred H., 534 Clinton Av.Kalisch, Abner, 92 Market

Kaplan, Jacob, 88 Stratford PI.Karrakis, Joseph, 171 Springfield

Av.Kessler, Dr. Henry B., 14% NorfolkKing, Nathaniel, 348 Clinton Av.Klausner, Sam'l, 266 15th Av.Koflen, Morris, 186 Springfield Av.Kohn, Mrs. Clara, 48 S. 7thKohn, Leon A., 292 Springfield Av.Konwiser, A. L., 183 Hillside Av.Konwiser, Louis, 121 Hamburg Pi.Krim, Isidore, 190 PrinceKrohn, Abraham E., 352 Fairmount

Av.Krueger, Joseph, 278 Littleton Av.Kuretzky, Maurice R., 18 Avon PI.Kussy, Herman, 294 Springfield Av.Kussy, Nathan, 828 BroadLanclt, Dr. Louis A., 84 Spring-

field Av.Leber, Samuel F., 238 WashingtonLehman, Lesser, 144 FrontLevias, Caspar, 157 Chadwick Av.Lowenstein, E., 21 Hedden TerraceLowenstein, Isaac, 12 Baldwin Av.Margulles, Joseph, 203 18th Av.Marx, Max, 99 Shanley Av.Marx, Morris, 482 Springfield Av.Matz, Borris B., 41 BroomeMelsel, Jacob, 22 BedfordMelsel. Simon, 196 FerryMendel, Miss Frieda, 372 HighMendel, William, 679 HighMendelsohn, Jacob, 88 Stratford PI.Mondelson, M., 150 PrinceMiller, Anna R., 79 Baldwin Av.Newman. Jacob L., Sawyers Bldg.Ohob Shalom Hebrew School, care of

David Hoffman, 158a QuitmanPenn, H. M., 70 WilliamsPlaine, Nathan, 34 13th Av.Plaut Memorial School, care of Mrs.

Emma Plaut, PrincePoliakow, Aaron, 182 BroomePrice, Rev. Sam'l, 136 New York Av.Radin, Dr. H. R., 234 Springfield

Av.Religious School Cong. B'nai Jesh-

urun, care of Rabbi Solomon Fos-ter, 264 Clinton Av.

Rich, William S., 201 SpringfieldAv.

Rosenthal, Leon, 103 PrinceRothschild, Abraham, 1001 BroadRuback, Meyer, 65 BoydRutldn, B., 200 HunterdonSamel, Leo, 330 Chancellor Av.Schotland, Philip J., 39 NelsonSchwartz, Samuel, 30 Osborn Ter.Schwarz, Dr. E., 561 HighSeidman, Dr. Marcus, 580 High

64


Sichel, Moses, 354 S. 11thSilberfeld, Rev. Julius, 344 HighSoshinsky, I., 235 Waverly Av.Stahl, J., 32 BleeckerStein, Dr. Harry, 121 Springfield

Av.Stein, Leo, 257 S. 7thSterling, S., 191 NewarkStern, Carrie S., 50 ThomasStraussberg, Marcus, 565 HighUnger, Samuel, 114 PacificWarshawsky, Edward, 121 Hillside

Av.Weiss, Dr. Louis, 227 S. Orange Av.Yadkowsky, Harry, 50 Charleston

New BrunswiokSPECIAL MEMBER

Landsberg, Henry

ANNUAL MEMBERSAmdur, Mrs. Eva, 46 DennisAnekstein, J., 117 FrenchBarnett, R., 105 Carro PI.Bears, A., 28 ChurchCohn, Theodore, 47 ChurchFeller, Meyer, 142 Burnett Av.Fischler, Morris, 25 KirkpatrickFreedman, J. H.. 129 Burnett Av.Greenberg, M., 12 PeaceJelin, AbrahamKatz, Nathan, 61 FrenchLevine, B., 218 Burnett Av.Lipman, Jacob, Experiment StationMarks, Robt, 52 Remsen Av.May, Adolph, Albany and NeilsonRodbortt, J., 35 PeaceSlonim, S., 93 BayardStern, Rev. Dr. J. Ludwig, P. O. Box

478Watman, G., 58 Church

NormaEskin, I.

OrangeSPECIAL MEMBER

Michael, Oscar, 98 HarrisonANNUAL MEMBERS

Hurwitz, H., 59 ParrowJacobs, J. Jonas, 255 Central Av.

PassaicAlbert, Herman, 85 2dBalson, Henry, 23 MonroeBaum, Dr. Sona, 150 2dFurman, Edward I., 182 SummerFurman, Leo S., 182 SummerGoldman, Philip, 171 Columbia Av.Lichtenberg, Alex., 134 Columbia

Av.

Saxe, Miss Martha J., 73 2d New JerseyWeinberger, Harry II., 222 Gregory

Av.Paterson

Atkins, Ralph, 442 MainBarnert, Joel, 284 EllisonBarnert, N., 2S5 BroadwayBasch, Isaac, 99 MainCohen, A. D., 121 CarrollCohn, Marcus, 229 BroadwayFabian, Jacob, 209 MainFranklin, Herman, 123 BroadwayGrover, Louis, 80 RiverIsaacs, Dr. Abram S., 447 EllisonJoelson, Dr. M. S., 132 PatersonKatz, Mrs. Philip, 419 BroadwayKltay, Mrs. S. B., 15 N. MainLapat, MaxMannheimer, Rev. Leo, 486 E. 29th

St.Pansy, Joseph, 123 GovernorRosenberg, Louis, 45 BroadwayShapiro, Martin, 392 EllisonSimon, I., 450 EllisonStare, Louis, 111 GovernorStein, Benj. L., 126 MarketSurnamer, Dr. I., 89 BridgeWeingaertner, Moses, 27 Carroll

Perth AmboySPECIAL MEMBERS

Metzandorf, A. N.Polinsky, S., 31 William

ANNUAL MEMBERSBellkove, S.Goldberger, Max. 338 StateGreene, S. N., 393 StateSinger, I., 176 Smith

PlainfleldFeinberg, Harry, 552 W. 5thNewcorn, William, 204 W. FrontRosenbaum, Henry, 237 W. FrontSchloss, Moses, 326 E. FrontSchwed, Herman, 99 Westerwelt

Av.

PleasantvilleMendell, Jos., 317 N. Main St.

Red BankEisner, SigmundKridel, Mrs. J.Salz, Joseph

RosenhaynGerson, B. S.Greenwood, Dr. N. S.Jncobs, H.Schub, Rev. I.

65


New Jersey Rutherford

Zimmerman, Julius, 28 Park Av.

SomervilleSchwed, Charles, 79 W. Main

South OrangeBeck, Charles I.Cohen, Jacob, 310 AcademyFuld, Felix, 802 Centre

•Union HillShulman, A., 270 Bergenline

Tipper MontclairLedz, Max, 10 Watching Av.

VinelandCohen, Hyman, 527 Landis Av.Greenberg, J., 809 Landis Av.Jacobson, George, E. P. D. No. 6Liptz, A., 527 Landis Av.

West HobokenBurstyn, Henry, 551 SpringEischmann, Norris, 414 SpringGarbow, Wm., 549 SpringKramer, Louis, 492 SpringMyerson, O., 215 Summit Av.Older, Dr. Ben.t, 520 Clinton Av.Silver, Louis, 619 Spring

•WoodbineBayard, M. L.Kisenberg, W.Geller, Henry W., Supt. Baron de

Hirsch Farm School

New Mexico NEW MEXICOl a s Vegas Stern, Jacob, 1027 8th, B. Las Vegas

Davis, IsaacHebrew Ladies' Benevolent Society, Koswell

1118 8th, E. Las Vegas Jaffa, Nathan

New York NEW YORKAlbany

LIFE MEMBERRosendale, Hon. Simon W., Albany

Savings Bk. Bldg.

ANNUAL MEMBEUSBeth Emeth S. S. Library, care of

A. I. Marx, 309 S. PearlBloch, Lester W., 441 Hudson Av.Bookhelm, L. W., 261 HamiltonBookheim, Solomon, 54S Madisun

Av.Boschever, S., 317 S. PearlCaplan, Chas. H., 78 HerkimerDrooz, Louis, 108 GrandFenster, Joseph, 65 S. AllenFrank, J. B., 82 Madison Av.Friedman, J. S., 367 StateFuld, David. 345 StateGoldenson, Rev. S. IT., 551 Myrtle

Av.Goldstein, A., 147 S. PearlHelser, Mrs. S., 128 LancasterHessberg, Albert, 222 LancasterHessberg, Samuel, 38 WillettHlrschberg, Louis, 164 S. PearlIllch. Julius, 56 N. Pine Av.LIpman, Henry W., 614 Madison

Av.Mann, B. A.Mannesovitch, Wm. I., 245 S. Pearl

Marx, Albert I., 42 StateMillstein, Isaac, 34 GreenMinkin. Leopold, 2 De Graaf Bldg.Muhlfelder, David, 50 JayMuhlfelder, Isidor, 126 LancasterNeuman, Dr. Leo H., 194 StatePoskamzer, Robert C, 78 StateSchlesinger, Rev. Dr. M., 334 Hud-

son Av.Simon, Kassel, 63 N. PearlSporborg, Mrs. Henry J., 106 Lake

Av.Stern, Charles M., 2 S. Main Av.Wachsman, Isidore, 19 S. Pine Av.Waldman, Mrs. L. S., 365 StateWaldman, Louis I., 78 WillettWaldman, Milton C, 310 StatfiWildore, Louis, 147 S. Pearl

AmsterdamLasner, J., 40 E. MainLevington, M., 38 GreeneMark, Carl, 272 Guy Park Av.Meyer, David M., 71 GroveStolz, Rev. Dr. J. H.,Stone, Lewis, 124 E. MainWilliams, C. M., 40 E. Main

Bath BeachBrody, S. T., 137 Bay 22dRublnowitz, Adolph J., 1648 Bath

Av.

66


BinghamtonFrechie, S. M., 212 Court

BrooklynSPKCIAL MEMBERS

Apfel, Charles L., 6818 10th Av.Efi-os, IsraelEisenbach, Michael, 043 St. Marks

Av.Friedman, Sam., 215 RoeblingGavrelewich, D., 70 SeigelLevin, Mendel, 29 MoorePacht, Edward, 1015 Lafayette Av.Salzer, Max Henry, 433 Bushwick

Av.Stern, Jacob, 260 WatkinsTartokofC, M., 1662 Eastern Park-

wayANNUAL MEMBERS

Abelman, Max, 264 E. 25thAbelow, Sam'l P., 367 Clifton PI.Abels, S., 930 73dAbelson, Rabbi A., 678 De Kalb Av.Adler, Jos., 422 Lafayette Av.Allen, Isaac, 448 Stone Av.Altman, IC, 385 Sheffield Av.Annenberg, Jos., 384 Vernon Av.Apatow, M., 426 Bushwick Av.Apfel, Dr. PI., 333 Pennsylvania Av.Apfelbaum, Herman, 1539 55thApplebaum, H., 274 South 2dAron, Mrs. A., 435 LorimerBalkind, J. L., 8701 2lst Av., Ben-

sonhurstBassel, M., 134 Vernon Av.Berkowitz, Isaac, 1396 Pitkin Av.Berkowitz, Sam'], 1401 Pitkin Av.Bernheimer, Dr. Charles S., Pitkin

Av. and WatkinsBernstein, A. N., 758 Flushing Av.Bernstein, Alexander A., 5903 17th

Av.Bernstein, John L., 399 E. 11thBerow, Dr. I. I., 4220 13th Av.Besdlne, Louis, 410 PulasklBirnbaum, Gustav, 1207 E. New

York Av.Blackman, M., 428 Bushwick Av.Blau, Rabbi Joel, 5S8a MonroeBloch, Miss Bertha, 683 Washington

Bloom, Moses, 1232 50thBlum, B. C, care of Abraham and

StrausBlumenau, L., 161 SmithBooth, Julius D., 464 Willoughby

Av.Brenner, Hon. Jacob, 252 CarrollBrightman, S. D., 1567 53dBrodsky, Marx, 209 S. 3d

Brooke, B. H., 283 Broadway New YorkBrooklyn Hebrew Orphan Asylum,

373 Ralph Av.Broude, B. W., 1361 72dBrown, M.Buckenholz, Miss Elizabeth, 68

GroveBurr, PaulCasper, Arthur, 1602 Pitkin Av.Chanowitz, Nathan, 1260 30thCohen, Abraham S., 217 Manhattan

Av.Cohen, Alex., 328 Stone Av.Cohen, B., 230 17thCohen, Harris, 483 GrandCohen, Israel, 87 Graham Av.Cohen, Louis, 234a Vernon Av.Cohen, P., 109 PulaskiCohen, Samuel M., 5622 4th Av.Cohen, Rev. Simon R., 1387 DeanCohn, Dr. M. A., 460 Stone Av.Conn, Max, 969 De Kalb Av.Cummings, David, 68 S. 4thDavidson, Maurice P., 646 B. 18thDiamond, W., 46 Union Av.Eisenberg, Nathan, 90 Manhattan

Av.Eiser, Henry, 183 S. 2dEllenbogen, M., 755 Driggs Av.Kngel, Jos. G., 348 PresidentEpstein, Harry J., 196 RoebllngEpstein, IsaacEpstein, Simon, 792 Greene Av.Ettinger, Bertrand, 74 BeaverFeinstein, Abraham, 23 Hale Av.Feit, Julius G., 299 S. 2dFelt, Albert G.Feuerstone, Dr. E., 655 Willoughby

Av.Fine, Dr. Sam'l, 331 Pennsylvania

Av.Finkelsteln, M., 124 HavemeyerFinkelstein, Nathan B., 39 Thatford

Av.Finkelstein, Reuben, 1502 Eastern

ParkwayFrank, B. M., 109 IndiaFrank, Simon, 1434 57thFried, Charles, 1014 Park PI.Friedman, Benjamin, 175 Christo-

pherFriedman, Max, 263 Vernon Av.Fuchs, Symon, 160 Tompkins Av.Fuerstain, Jacob, 371 William Av.Gasner, LeopoldGeduld, Chas., 1774 BergenGermain, L.., 552 5th Av.Gershow, Ralph, 288 Bushwick Av.Getz, David B., 208 Christopher Av.Gill, H., 690 Willoughby Av.Gingold, D., 119a Summer Av.Ginsberg, Fannie, 1242 39th

67


New York Glickman, I. M., 1574 Eastern Park-way

Gluckman, Abe, 829 HartGodnick, Wm., 768 UnionGoffen, Dr. A. M., 158 HartGold, Louis, 44 CourtGold, Louis, 098 Myrtle Av.Goldfarb, Rabbi Israel, 389 Clinton

Av.Goldschmidt, Wm., 809 E. 16thGoldston, Jacob, 12 Harrison Av.Goldwater, Harry, 474 BainbridgeGoodman, Irving, 551 Rockaway Av.Gordon, Dr. M., 333 Stone Av.Gordon, Wm.Greenberg, B. B., 97 BradfordGreenberg, Mandel, 352 Busbwick

Av.Greenblatt, Leon, 846 Flatbush Av.Greenebaum, Dr. Leo, 453 Saratoga

Av.Greenebaum, Milton, 1410 Av. IGreenstone, Meyer S.. 21 SmithGroberg, Nathan, 1139 Manhattan

Av.Groden, Morris, 268 HartGrover, E., 513 Sutter Av.Gurlan, Morris, 13 SeigelGusman, Maurice, 477 Schenck Av.Haber, Julius, 164 5tb Av.Halperin, Dr. Jacob. 349 Stone Av.Halperin, Julius, 525 WatkinsHarris, B., 890 Flushing Av.Harriton, Harry, 260 ClintonHayman, Dr. Abe, 73 McKihbenHenriques, Miss Bstelle, 69 HalseyHershenov, B., 237 PowellHerzberg. Albert C. 958 E. 13thHIrsh, Hugo, 391 FultonHoffman, I., 149 Summer Av.Holtzberg, Jos., 201 ChristopherHurwitz, Harry M., 957 BroadwayIsraelsohn, Max, 639 Grand Av.Israelson, ,T., 290 Flatbush Av.Jacobs, James I., 402 56thJacobson, Isidor, 183 HeywardJacobson, John M., 1637 60thJoachim, B., 591 Putnam Av.Joachim, Charles J., 149 BainbridgeJunior League Cong. B'nai Sholaum,

care of Public Library, 6th Av.and 9th

Kane, Dr. H., 213 BoerumKapit, Harry A., 802 BroadwayKarisk, Louis, 152 Prospect Pk., W.Karnof, Otto, 178 RodneyKatz, A., 78 Graham Av.Kaufman, Dr. B., 482 Stone Av.Keiser, Maurice, 1130 40thKeller, L., 84 BartlettKeller, Louis, 873 Park Av.Kemp, Dr. Chas., 69 Tompkins

Kempner, Otto, 53 LindenKlinkonstein, J. J., 77 McKibbenKohan, J. H., 51 EldertKohn, Mrs. Max, 1300 Putnam Av.Korn, Sam'l, 22d and Gravesend Av.Krasner, David G., 297 Hopklnson

Av.Kratter, Louis, 164 5th Av.Kraus, S. B., 935 BroadwayKrendel, Morris, 86 Saratoga Av.Krimsky, Dr. Jos., 290 BradfordKugel, Simon H., 758 UnionLampert, M. Albert, 73 ChesterLebovitz, B., 675% 3d Av.Lefkowitz, Isidor, 217 StaggLeralsky, M., 146 Manhattan Av.Levi, N. H., 297 DecaturLevine, Dr. S., 305 Pennsylvania Av.Levinson, David, 511 Bushwick Av.Levinson, Rabbi Sam'l, 671 West-

minster Rd.Levinthal, Rev. Israel, 497 6thLevy, Abraham, 557 5thLevy, Eliot, 461 3dLevy, Mrs. Isaac, 702 Putnam Av.Levy, Nathaniel H., 129 Tompkins

Av.Levy, Samuel, 697 St. Johns PI.Levy, Sam'l H.. 48 DebevoiseLindes, Dr. Wm., 1780 St. Johns

PI.Lippman, Meyer, 127 Glenmore Av.Lippman, SamuelLipshitz, Bernard, 1242 40thLissok, SamLondon, Abraham, 239 S. 2dLorentz, Moses L., 596 MonroeLourla, Dr. Leon, 249 HewesLyon, Charles, 116 Vernon Av.Lyons, Iiev. Alexander, 526 8thMalsel, U>r. Joseph, 136 3d Av.Mandlberg, Abraham, 766 BroadwayMandel, Chas. I., 136 S. 9thMandelbaum, Dr. Max, 37 DebevoiseManhelmer, S. S., 1437 51stMargolin, M., 2139 Pacific Av.Margulies, Dr. Wm., 63 McKibbenMarkel, A. J., 130 Graham Av.Mateles, Henry, 1653 BroadwayMatshak, Harriet, 1345 51stMatz, Israel, 606 Bedford Av.Meserltz, Isaac, 47 BogartMichtown, Morris, 759 Howard Av.Miller, Max, 466 15thMiller, Morris, 2586 FultonMiller, Dr. P. M., 477 Stone Av.Mitchell, W. L., 122 Summer Av.Morais, Rev. H. S., 8675 Bay 24thMoritz, Comdr. Albert, 723 E. 18thMorris, Z. A., 64 HumboldtNatanson, Dr. G., 269 Pennsylvania

Av.

68

JEWISH PUBLICATION^SOCIBTY 383

Neveloff, M., 462 Blvd., RockawayBeach

Niahman, I., 104 MooreNorek, RudolphNorman, Dr. Max, 430 Hopkinson

Av.Offen, S. D. 154 GrandOffenbach, A. D., 331 Vernon Av.Ogus, A. D., 549% KosciuskoOsserman, Louis, 884 Flushing Av.Pacht, Philip, 10 CovertPacht, S., 228 Johnson Av.Paleias, Adolph, 570 Willoughhy

Av.Pecker, Ralph, 368 Dumont Av.Pessin, Geo., 47 HinsdalePinkus, Louis, 222 MoorePlzer, J., 699 McDonoughPlotkin, Dr. Henry, 479 Stone Av.Polonsky, Dr. Jos., 336 Pennsylva-

nia Av.Prensky, Joseph, 165 PulaskiPrensky, N., 80 Graham Av.Pressel, Morris, 43 BartlettProgebin, Dr. Abraham, 164a Tomp-

kins Av.Quint, Ben, 1237 39thRabbinovitz, Dr. Samuel, 71a Sum-

mer Av.Rabiner, B. B., 223 Bushwick Av.Rabinowitz, David. 319 OsbornRabinowitz, H. M., 149 WatkinsRachlen, Dr. A.Raisin, Abraham, 189 RodneyRaisin, Rev. Jacob S., 1345 54thReiss, Mai, 124 Stuyvesant Av.Rhine, Meyer, 197 HartRinder, Rev. R., 118 S. 3dRivfein, Dr. JOB. G., 427 SackmanRobinson, Benjamin, 98 HumboldtRosahnsky, Dr. Herman, 1627 Pit-

kin Av.Rose, Maurice, 331 PowellRosen, Bernard, 1646 50thRosenbaum, Davis, 292 Livonia Av.Rosenberg, Jacob, 479 Stone Av.Rosenfeld, Dr. W., 3."1 Pennsylvania

Av.Rosoff, Jack, 18 Graham Av.Roeoff, Max, 18 Graham Av.Rothschild, S. F., care of Abraham

and StrausRothstein, Morris, 346 Sheffield Av.Rottenberg, S., 542 DecaturRubenstein, Samuel, 246 S. 2dSacks, Leon, 378 Stone Av.Salit, Michael, 326 FultonSalzman, Samuel, 5403 15th Av.Sambur, Meyer, 550 Bushwick Av.Sameth. I. B., 1539 55thSartorlus, Otto, 184 Washington

Pk.

25 69

Schachman, C, 70 Varet New YorkSchaffer, Jacob, 926 BroadwaySchmiltka, Jos., 94 3d PI.Schmookler, Isaac, 793 Flushing

Av.Schwartz, Mrs. David, 107 6th Av.Schwartz, Victor, 333 Stone Av.Schwartzman, Jos., 132 PowellSchwarzschild, Selig M., 1359 51stSeidman, J. A., 551 Mansfield PI.Seidman, Nathan, 1731 Pitkin Av.Seinfel, Henry, 1509 Eastern Park-

waySeltz, Louis, 343 BedfordSemel, Joseph, 256a Vernon Av.Shaftel, Dr. Sam'I, 75 MorrellShampinsky, Wolf, 638 Blake Av.Shapiro, I., 716 BroadwayShapiro, Israel, 1361 46thShapiro, Morris, 1749 Pitkin Av.Shapiro, Dr. Simon, 430 Stone Av.Shlivek, Abram, 157 RichmondShlivek, H., 331 IrvingSiegel, Dr. A. S., 448 New Jersey

Av.Siegel, Theo., 851 Greene Av.Siegmund, J., 126 Glenmore Av.Silberman, David, 384 Sheffield Av.Silberstein, J.Sllberstein, Max, 291 Snyder Av.Silpe, Elias, 624 Blake Av.Silverman, Dr. E. G., 1258 41stSilverman, Irving, 957 BroadwaySimon, A. H., 50 Thatford Av.Slavin, Michael, 62 FloydSlote, Dr. S. H., 75 MeKibbenSmith, Frank, 631 Dumont Av.Smith, Jos., 1526 54thSobel, Jacob, 184 RutledgeSobel, Samuel, 211 RutledgeSpear, Sam'I, 823 Gates Av.Spiegel, Jacob, 182 MiddletonStrauss, A. H., 623 CarrollSuffin, Dr. Ph.. 232 S. 1stS. S. of Cong. B'nai Sholaum, care of

Rabbi I. H. Levinthal. 497 6thSweedler, Nathan, 462 Stone Av.Tarasch, Louis, 1862 Pitkin Av.Tarshis, I., 523 10thTatz, J., 379 S. 3dTelsey, Sam'I A., 241 Utica Av.Thaler, Isadore, 1412 50thThaler, Jacob, 1255 48thTonkin, Nathaniel, 660 Willoughby

Av.Vogel, Morris Alfred, 1236 50thWashnltzer, Dr. Fred'k, 357 S. 2dWechsler, A.. 1503 Eastern Park-

wayWechsler, Isaac, 1308 Prospect PI.Wechsler, IsidorWeil, Theo., 558 7th


New York Weil], Theophile, 1132 HancockWeinberg, M., 129 Paul

' Weiner, X, 1555 5SthWeinstein, Samuel, 250 Perm Av.Wejntraub, Jehlel, 615 Dumont Av.Weisberg, Morris, 325 Vernon Av.Weiss. B., 73 Tompkins Av.Weltzman, Dr. M., 296 FlatbushWerbelowsky, Jacob, 93 MeseroleWeshner, .1., 13 HumboldtWillner, Emanuel, 97 Division Av.Winder, Max, 514 Hopkinson Av.Wolf, A., 32 DelmonicoZahler, Dr. B. M., 152 S. 4thZamzok, Jacob, 321 LorimerZaslow, Myer, 2 St. Francis i'l.Zevin, P., 281 S. 4th

BuffaloAaron, Rev. Dr. Israel, 74S Auburn

Av.Aaronson, M., 928 FillmoreArleich, Rev. Samuel, 34 17thBeck, Mayer, 91 BerlinBernstein, Isadore, 704 Fillmore Av.Brick. S II., 968 BroadwayBrown, Jacob H., 154 Hickory-Buffalo Public LibraryConn, Louis, 676 N. HamptonCristall, S., 175 Woodward Av.Diamond, M., 163 HickoryDickman, I., 77 SwanBscowich, J., 14 BeckFarber, S., 873 BroadwayFlelschmann, Simon, 190 EdwardFrank, Philip, 164 LutherGilden, Jacob, 366 ClintonGinsburg, S., Chamber of CommerceGintzler, H., 110 Seneca vGoldstein, Rosa F., 253 CedarHoenig, I., 1043 BroadwayHofeller, Theodore, 59 Ashland Av.Kavinoky, Dr. Sam'l, 1061 B'wayKeiser, Leopold, 566 W. FerryLandau, Rev. Dr. J. H., 793 Auburn

Av.Lefkowitz, N., 400 Lafayette Av.Levine, S. L., 36 MortimerLichtenstein, M., 404 EagleLiebeskind, Sam'l, 1035 BroadwayMaisel, Henry, 867 FillmoreMaisel, Louis, 965 BroadwayMiller, L. H., 528 EagleNewman, Sam'l, William & JeffersonPosmanter, M., 992 BroadwayRisman, Samuel. 27 Norewood Av.Rosing, Jacob, 326 WilliamRothschild, Leo, 417 LinwoodRothschild, Samuel, 348 Richmond

Av.Rovall, Miss

Saperston, Willard W., 97 NorwoodAv.

Schuman, Wni., 789 EllicottSernofsky, Dr. I., 889 BroadwaySiegel, E., 789 Fillmore Av.Singer, Herman B., 413 JeffersonSpahgenthal, A., 550 Lafayette Av.Sperans, Dr. Joel, 949 ClintonStulberg, Jos., 914 BroadwaySukernek, Louis, Jr., 131 Richmond

Av.Swerdloff, Anna, 581 JeffersonSwiados, Joseph H., 820 BroadwayWeisberg, MaxWeiss, Julius, 41 Ketchum PI.Weiss, Morris. 41 Ketchum PI.Wiener, Miss Cecil B., 174 W. Chip-

pewaWile, Herman, 354 FranklinYochelson, Geo., 24 BeckYochelson, S. A.. 14 BeckZackheim, Jos. B.. 313 WilliamZander, Max, 90 Madison Av.

CanajoharieSchoen, Adolph

ChappaquaSPECIAL MEMBER

Noustadt, Mrs. S.Cohoes

Brenner, Louis. 43 RemsenDiamond, H., 28 MohawkLang, S. B., 49 RiTiisenRoxenthall. Morris, 110 RemsenWeinstein, Isaac, 63 Breslin Av.

CooperstownReisman, H.

CrestwoodShiman, Abraham

ElmiraLevy, Benjamin F., 454 W. WaterSociety for Aid of Jewish Prisoners,

State ReformatoryFar Roekaway

Baum, Dr. Joseph, Gibson PI.Butler, Herman N., Broadway and

NewLichter, Rev. Dr. Ben.i., Gibson PI.Roman, P. S., 14 MillsRubin, Max, 99 Gibson PI.Schwarz, Marcus, 35 Franklin Av.Wile, Jerome, Franklin Av.

Fishkill LandingLevitan, Dr. Michael, 25 W. Elm

70


Glen CoveBernstein, Jos. A.Bernstein, Philip M.Bessel, Sam'lBornstein, N.Cohen, JacobGoodman, PhilipJespe, Theo.Kotler, W.Levin, A.Margolis, JacobNosovitz, DavidSalomon, LouisSinger, Benj.

GloversvilleSPECIAL MEMBERS

Klein, August,Louis, Harry J.Moses, Joe

ANNUAL MEMBERSNelson, A.Sackheim, P. J., 76 E. Fulton

HawthorneProkesch, Rabbi S. Z., Hawthorne

SchoolHerkimer

Schermer, Benj.Sberris, Israel

Hoosick FallsLurie, Jacob, 41 Wilder Av.

IthacaSilverman, Dr. L. L., Cornell Uni-

versity

JamaicaLessey, Dr. Bernard, 339 Fulton

KingstonBlankfeld, Leon, 563 BroadwayFrank, Barnet, 31 N. FrontHertz, Jos. A., 148 PineMarblestone, H., 241 Wall

LackawannaLevinton, M., 481 Center

libertyRayevsky, Dr. Chas.Kosenthal, Dr. Leo V.

Little FallsHertzberg, Chas. R., 9 W. Main

Long Island City New YorkBadanes, Saul, 24 Casco, WoodhavenBerger, Martin. 71 Borden Av.Coch, Win,, 349 Jackson Av.Edelstein, Goodman, 81 Borden Av.Friedman, N., 31 Borden Av.Hilfreich, Hermine, 25 Flushing

Av., AstoriaHyman, J. S., Vernon Av. and 10thPauly, Eugene, Lambert St., Glen-

morrisRosenblum, S., 25 Avondale, Wood-

bavenSpiegelglass, I., 286 Flushing Av.,

AstoriaSteiner, Gustave, 596 Jackson Av.Weis, Adolph, 27 Borden Av.

Mount VernonSPECIAL MEMBER

Mann, Leon, 14 Cottage Av.

ANNUAL MEMBERSBabrowsky, B., 9th Av.Corn, Jos. J.. 325 Rich Av.Isaacs, Mrs. M. A., St. Heliers, N.

Columbus Av.Kuhn, Ferd., 134 OverbrookRobison, Mrs. G., Jr., 348 N. Ful-

tonSanguinettl, Percy A.Temple Sinai Library, care of M.

M. Ltebhold, 211 E. Lincoln Av.Wallerstein, Alfred, 188 N. Colum-

bus Av.Nassau

Naum, NathanNew Brighton

Apfelbaum, Louis, Westerleigh, Coll.Inst.

NewtmrghHirschberg, M. H.Stern, F.

New RochelleBolnite, M., 138 MainGrant, Adolph, 131 Lockwood Av.Levison, S., 192 MainSegal, Dr. Peter, 308 HuguenotStearns, Benj.

New Tork CityLIFE MEMBERS

Buttenwciser, J. L., 233 LenoxElkus, Abram I., 170 B'wayFischel, Harry, 118 B. 93dGoodhart, P. J., 21 W. 81st

71


New York Heller, Emanuel L., 12 B. 77thLevy, Aaron J.. 307 E. Bway.Loth, Joseph, 30 GreeneMarshall, Louis, 47 E. 72dNaumberg, E., 48 W. 58thNewburger, Morris, 100 BroadwaySamuel, M., 686 GreenwichSchafer, Samuel M., 55 WallSchiff, Mrs. Jacob H., 52 WilliamSchiff, Mortimer L., 52 WilliamStraus, Hon. Oscar S., 42 WarrenSulzberger, Cyrus L., 516 West End

Av.Warburg, Felix M., 1109 5th Av.Warburg, Mrs. Felix M., 1109 5th

Av.

PATRONS

Cohen, Joseph H., 37 E. BroadwayGoldman, Julius, 132 E. 70thGuggenheim, Daniel. 165 BroadwayHays, Daniel P., 115 BroadwayLauterbach, E., 22 WilliamLoeb, Dr. Morris, 52 WilliamOchs, Adolph S., N. Y. TimesSalomon, William, 25 BroadSchiff, Jacob H., 52 William

LIBRARY MEMBERSBenjamin, Eugene S., 436 LafayetteDettelbach, M., 411 West End Av.Educational Alliance, 197 E. B'wayEmmerick. Walter, 1 W. 70thGoldsmith, August, 36 W. 69thGoodfriend, Meyer, 274 W. 113thGruber, Abraham, 170 BroadwayHamburger, Samuel B., 2 RectorHebrew Sheltering and Immigrant

Aid Society, 229 E. BroadwayKohns, Lee, 127 W. 79thLevl, Emil S., 29 W. 71stLevl, Henlein, 313 W. 81stLevy, Abraham, 63 Park RowMayer, Otto L., 164 WaterNathan, Edgar J., 127 W. 74thOttlnger, Moses, 23 W. 75thPlatzek, M. Warley, 15 E. 48thRees, Louis J., 275 Central Park, W.Sellgman, Isaac N., 36 W. 54thSondheimer, J., 514 BroadwayStern, Leopold, 68 NassauStern, Sigmund, 68 NassauStrauss. Sam'l, 12 E. 31stThalmann, Ernst, 25 BroadUnger, Henry W., 139 W. 130thUnterberg, I., 86 FranklinWasserman, E., 33 W. 56thYoung Men's Hebrew Association,

92d and Lexington Av.

SPECIAL MEMBERSArkush, Reuben, 159 W. 77thAschetm, M. J., Consolidated Stock

ExchangeAuerbach, Joseph S., 542 W. 112thBaermann, J. B., 1 W. 89thBambprger, Levi, Hotel NetherlandBendheim, A. D., 134 GrandBendheim, Henry, 42 W. 89thBerolzheimer, Emil, care of Eagle

Pencil Co.Bljur, Hon. Nathan, 160 W. 75thBing, Alexander M., 2170 BroadwayBloomtngdale, E. W., 42 W. 69thBloomingdale, J. B., 572 Madison

Av.Boehm, Abram, 31 NassauBorg, Sidney, 20 NassauBuckner, M., 307 W. 79thCantor, Jacob A., 9 W. 70thCardozo, Benjamin N., I l l Broad-

wayDlttenhoefer, I. M., 96 BroadwayDukas, Julius J., 335 BroadwayEisemann, Emii, 48 W. 4thElkan, Benno, 385 Central Park, W.Erlanger, A. L., 214 W. 42dErlanger, Hon. M. L., 2030 Broad-

wayErnst, I. L., 170 BroadwayErnst, M. L., 152 W. 122dErstein, L., 62 GreeneErstein, M., 62 GreeneFalck, Harry, 42 BroadwayFeiner, Benj. F., 100 BroadwayFischlowitz, Dr. G. G., 1298 Madi-

son Av.Fleischman, Samuel, 303 W. 107thFleisher, Benjamin, 55 W. 33dFrank, Alfred, 201 WoosterFrank, Julius J., 52 WilliamFreundlich, I. and Co., 14 E. 32dFried, Samson, 47 W. 87thGainsburg, I., 271 BroadwayGans, Howard S.. 27 WilliamGlass, Henry. 142 W. 121stGoldenberg, S. L., 109 5th Av.Ooldfarb, H., 585 BroadwayGoldfogle, Hon. H. M., 271 Broad-

wayGoldsmith, Abram, 35 NassauGoodfriend, Jacob. 305 W. 100thGoodfriend, Meyer, 274 W. 113thGottschall, Simon, 550 Riverside

DriveGreenbaum, Hon. Samuel, Supreme

Court, County Court HouseGrossman. Moses H., 115 BroadwayGrossman, William, 229 W. 97thGuggenheim, Murry. 165 BroadwayGuggenheim, Sol. R., 165 B'way

72


Hano, Philip, 806 GreenwichHarburger, Julius, 46 St. Marks PI.Hecht, Meyer, 6 JacobHeimann, Julius, 588 BroadwayHeller, Samuel, 37 Hamilton Ter.Hendricks, Mrs. Charles, 340 W.

72dHernshelm, Isidore, 47 GreeneHerrman, Nathan, 11 WilliamHershfield, Isidore, 99 NassauHyman, Dr. S. J., 326 B. 4thHyman, Samuel I., 52 E. 10thIckelhelmer, Henry R., 49 WallIsaacs, Bendet, 358 West End Av.Jacoby, Morris, 285 Central Park,

W.Kahn, Louis, 170 BroadwayKahn, O. H., 54 WilliamKastor, Adolph, 14 W. 70thKaufman, Edward, 49 ChambersKobre, Max, 43 E. 123dKoenlg, Hon. Samuel S., 115 Broad-

wayKofman, B., 84 BeaverKorn, Albert R., 52 BroadwayKursheedt, M. A., 302 BroadwayLachman, Samson, 313 W. 106thLehman, Arthur, 31 W. 56thLehman, S. M., 175 W. 58thLeventritt, Hon. David, 34 W. 77thLevi, Joseph C, 251 W. 92dLevy, Herman, 72 GreeneLevy, L. Napoleon, 18 W. 72dLevy, Samuel H., 170 BroadwayLichten, M. C, 590 BroadwayLipper, Arthur, 137 W. 75thLoeb, Jacob F.. Bretton HallLorsch, H., 250 W. 82dManheim, Jacob, 302 BroadwayMann, Abraham, 976 Tinton Av.Marcus, Joseph S., 315 Riverside

DriveMarcus, Nathan, 121 CanalMarkel, Max, 124 E. 91stMarks, Marcus M., 687 BroadwayMeyer, D. F., 110 5thMoisseiff, Leon S., 3 E. 106thMorgenthau, Henry, 30 W. 72dMorgenthau, Maximilian, 135 B'wayNathan, Clarence S., 46 W. 83dNewburger, Hon. Joseph E., Court

Bldg.Newburger, Samuel M., 401 West

End Av.Ottinger, Marx, 31 NassauI'askus, Martin, 2 W. 86thPflantzer, Dr. A., 249 E. HoustonPhillips, Hon. N. Taylor, 51 Cham-

bersPopper, William C, 115 WorthRafalsky, Mark, 611 W. 110th

Rice, Isaac L., 11 Pine New YorkRich, J. S., 489 Manhattan Av.Richter, Daniel, 627 BroadwayRobison, Louis, 163 MercerRobison, Mrs. S., 416 W. 122dRoeder, S. M., 174 E. 95thRosalsky, Hon. Otto A., 32 Frank-

linRose, William R., 309 W. 81stRosenbaum, William, 207 W. 24thRosenzweig, Joseph, 99 NassauSachs, Edward, 60 E. 80thSachs, Louis, 28 W. 22dSaks, Isadore, 1305 BroadwaySchloss, I. M., The Ansonia, 73d

and BroadwaySeutner, Richard, 138 E. 94thSilberman, Morris, 125 E. 95thSilberstein, Abraham, 8 6th Av.Silver, M. H., 29 E. 124thSilverstein, Ellas, 320 Convent Av.Sondheim, Phineas, 49 WallSpitzer, Oscar, 42 BroadwaySteinam, A., 162 GreeneSteinhardt, Jacob, 59 W. 73dStern, A., 52 E. 61stStiefel, Herman, 1980 7th Av.Strasbourger, Samuel, 74 BroadwayStraus, Nathan, 27 W. 72dStroock, Louis I., 285 Central Pk.,

W.Stroock, Solomon M., 30 BroadTanenbaum, L., 632 West End Av.Teschner, Dr. Jacob, 134 E. 61stTreeger, S., 15 W. 4thTrinkel, Ben.i., 1377 Franklin Av.Uhry, M., l i90 Madison Av.Vorhaus, Louis J., 115 BroadwayWarburg, Paul M., 52 WilliamWeil, David L., 74 BroadwayWeil, L. V., 5 BeekmanWeil, Max, The Belnord, Broadway

and 86thWeil, Samuel, 196 FranklinWimpfheimer, Chas. A., 18 W. 76thWiae, E. E., 19 WilliamWolf, Frank, 600 West End Av.Wolfenstein, Samuel C, 39 SpruceWolff, Emil, 171 W. 71stWurzburger, B., 43 LeonardZinke, Louis, 290 BroadwayZippert, Dr. I., 351 E. 4thZucker, Peter, 45 Broadway

ANNUAL MEMBERSAbel, Dr. Samuel, 1525 Madison Av.Abeloff, Sam!., 307 W. 112thAber, Dr. Sam'l S., 1789 Fulton Av.Abrahams, Joseph B.. 531 W. 123dAbrahams, Dr. R.. 257 W. 8SthAbrahamson, I., 1139 Union Av.

73


New York Abramowltz, Dr. Benj., 93 2d Av.Abranis, H.t 824 E. 170thAbrams, Maurice D., 7 PineAbramson, Anna, 124 W. 112tbAbramson, Moses, 42 WalkerAdams, Louis, 152 ForsythAdelson, Philip, 625 BroadwayAder, Dr. Jos., 316 E. 3dAdler, A., 116 W. 118thAdler, Dr. D., 67 1stAdler, Dr. H. B., 42 W. 115thAdler, S., 1426 Crotona Av.Adler. Wm., 783 BeckAhrend, D. H., 73 WarrenAlexander, Bernard, 338 E. 15thAllison, A., 1506 Brook Av.Allman, M., 546 W. 147thAllmayer, Emanuel, 50 E. 96thAlterman, Lewis, 135 8th Av.Altman, Emil, 746 E. 5thAltmayer, Sanders S., 150 W. 70thAmerican, Miss Sadie, 448 Central

Pk., W.Ansbacher, Jacob, 2 RectorAnsorge, M. P., 102 W. 132dAnspach, Mrs. Isabelle, 260 W. 70thAntin, Benj., 31 MontgomeryArbib, Alexander, 53 E. 9thArgintesinn, Dr. Marcus, 811 KellyArkin, Dr. David M., 100 W. 87thArnstein, A., 1125 Madison Av.Arnstein Bros. & Co., 170 BroadwayArnstein, Simon, 924 Madison Av.Aronson, A. S., I l l E. 179thAronson, Samuel, 51 E. 75thAsch-Simpson Rose, 212 E. Broad-

wayAsh, Mark. 316 W. 103dAshpis. Isidnr, 455 firandAskowith, Hyman, 1182 W. Farms

Ed.Assuschkewitz, Max, 134 W. 26thAvrunin, G., 197 E. Bdwy.Bach, Aaron J., 55 E. 80thBachrach, Irving, 74 E. 92dBackal, Dr. I. A., 703 E. 5thBadanes, Dr. Bernard B., 2 CannonBaclen, Reuben, 51 Maiden LaneBaer, Morris B., 60 LibertyBaker, William S., 561 W. 143dBamdas, Bernard, 15 W. 114thBardach, Nathan, 302 B'wayBarish, Max, 105 W. 117thBarish, Wm., 1816 Clinton Av.Barnard, H., 213 PearlBarnett, H. I., 132 NassauBarnett, Samuel, 960 Grant Av.Baron, D., 104 E. 81stBarondess. Jos., 89 DelanceyBasel, Rabbi Alexander, 869 E.

160thBaskin, David, 185 6th Av.

Basldn, Harris, 185 6th Av.Bass, Abe, 286 Brook Av.Bauman, Dr. E. W., 441 E. 12thBeckhardt, Moses, 842 ManidaBeer, George Louis, 329 W. 71stBehar, N., care of Liberal Immigra-

tion League, 150 NassauBelais, II., 102 W. 75thBenedict, Abraham, 318 W. 100thBenjamin Deane School for Girls,

144 Riverside DriveBenjamin, Geo. G., Ormond lintel,

70th and B'wayBenjamin, Dr. I., 173 HenryBenjamin, M. W., 43 W. 88thBerg, B., 364 St. Ann's Av.Berg, Max, 22 E. 17thBerger, Sam., 202 E. HoustonBerger, Sam'l A., 277 BroadwayBerkson, Henry, 26 GreenwichBerlin, S. N., 25 E. HoustonBerliner, Sam'l, 78 W. 85thBerman, Joseph G., 141 W. 110thBerman, Louis, 852 9th Av.Berman, Louis, 441 W. 124thBermnn, S., 536 E. 149thBernbaum, Bernard, 320 BroadwayBernheim, Julius C. 129 W. 79thBernheim, N.. 647 Madison Av.Bernheimer, Leopold A., 7 E. 57thBernheimer, Max E., 128th and

Amsterdam Av.Bernstein, B., 37 W. 28thBernstein, Chas., 215 GreeneBernstein, Harry H., 36 W. 113thBernstein, Dr. Israel I., 205 E.

BroadwayBernstein, Dr. Louis, 89 E. 4thBernstein, M., 617 W. 143dBernstein, Saul, 1845 7th Av.Beth-El Sabbath School, 5th Av.

and 76thBieber, Dr. Louis E., 383 E. 8thBierman, I. S., 1 E. 118thBijur, Moses, 50 W. 77thBildersee, Isaac, 160 W. 82dBilgore, David, 1076 SimpsonBillik, Nathan, 2471 8th Av.Binger, Joseph, 100 W. 121stBinhak, Carl, 38 W. 93dBirkenfeld, B., 318 W. 105thBlaustein, Dr. Abraham, 421 E. CtliBlaustein, Dr. David, 105 E. 22dBlaustein, Wm. 122 DelanceyBleckman, N., 4 E. 119thBloch, Miss Lillian, 629 W. l?.5thBloch Publishing Co., 40 E. 14thBloch, Simon, 108 E. 82dBloom, Dr. D. M., 118 W. 112thBloom, Isidor, 88 SheriffBluestone, Dr. J. I., 215 E. B'wayBlum, Dr. Jos., 312 W. 93d

74


Blum, Solomon, 356 2d Av.Blumenthal, Maurice B., 35 NassauBlumenthal, Dr. R., 341 E. 3dBlumenthal. Sidney, 305 W. 00thBlumgart, Louis, 116 Riverside

DriveBlumofe, Julius, 140 NassauBobis, Morris N., 222 E. 7thBodin, Hyman, 8 E. 109thBoehm, Dr. William, 960 Prospect

Av.Bogart, Bernard, 956 TiffanyBogart, John, 61 Park RowBogin, A. B., 274 E. 7thBonime, A., 783 BeckBonime, B., 936 KellyBookman, Dr. S., 9 E. 62dBookstaber, Ph. D., 1169 Washing-

ton Av.Borgenicht, L., 84 5th Av.Bosniak, Jacob, 228 HenryBossok, Dr. Solomon, 1471 Wash-

ington Av.Brahms, Dr. Benj., 24 E. 97thBrand, Chas. S., 3 E. 46thBrand, Herman, 404 E. 48thBrandt, Dr. H., 200 W. 113thBranower, Dr. Wm., 1815 7th Av.Braverman, Jacob, 112 E. 117thBregman, David, 35 E. BroadwayBrentano, Simon, 5th Av. and 27thBreslau, A., 310 E. 86thBresler, Dr. A. N., 3 RutgersBressler, David M., 174 2d Av.Bressler, Max L., 833 E. 167thBreuer, Nathan, 531 W. 123dBrick, Mrs. Louis, 520 W. 144thBrightman, Jos. W., 9 WalkerBril, I. L., 189 E. BroadwayBrill, I., 904 Lexington Av.Brill, Louis, 838 KellyBrill, William, 102 W. 49thBrilliant, I. M., 17 E. 115thBrinn, Solomon, 61 Park RowBrodman, Dr. H., 186 SuffolkBromberg, Dr. B. B., 188 E. 72dBronstein, Dr. Chas. C, 59 W. 115thBronstein, Dr. David I., 935 Long-

wood Av.Brotman, Mrs. S. M., 522 W. 134thBrower, Jacob L., 92 E. 7thBrown, Dr. A., 119 2d Av.Brown, Dr. I., 1288 S. BoulevardBrown, Jacob, care of Adler &

Hirsch, 15 WhitehallBrownold, Mrs. C, 361 W. 122dBruck, Mrs. George, 23 W. 83dBruckman, Arthur, 11 E. 4thBuchenholz, Dr. S. A.. 201 W. 112thBiichler, Rev. Dr. Samuel, :'.4f> E.

72dBullowa, Arthur M., 26 Liberty

Burstein, Frances S., 782 Prospect New YorkAv.

Burstein, Dr. J. F., 257 HenryBurstein, Dr. S. H., 446 E. 139thButler, B., 141 RidgeButler, I. L., care of Unterbcrg, 90

FranklinButler, M. H., 50 BondCahen, Isaac J., 689 West End Av.Cahn, Arthur L., 27 PineCaiman, Dr. Maurice S., 26 E. 106thCanter, M., 2178 5th Av.Caplin, Stephen, 45 BeekmanCarlebach, Rev. Moses, 1024 Park

Av.Carlingpr, J., 48 Av. D.Caspe, Abraham, 210 E. BroadwayCaspe, Dr. M., 29 W. 113thCeaser, Dr. A. L., 253 E. 2dCerf, Julius C, care of Stanclift, 78

W. 94thChaikin, Dr. A. H., 203 E. 10thChananie, Abe, 126 W. 123dChanin and Tunis, 74 EssexCherurg, Dr. Leon, 0.1 W. 119thChess, Dr. Neuman, 6J9 E. OlhChessen, David, 1172 HOP AV.Chopak, Paul, 250 W. 137thChovosh, J., 208 W. 111thCinberg, Dr. M., 146 StantonCitron, Dr. G. B., 66 E. 111thClemons, Miss Julia, 50 W. 77thClimenko, Dr. Hyman, 252 E.

BroadwayCoblenz, A., 164 W. 122dCohen, A. H., 17 Battery PI.Cohen, Adolph, 51 E. 96thCohen, Benno, 308 W. 94thCohen, E. A., 198 BroadwayCohen, Edward M., 3 E. 117thCohen, Mrs. Harris, 21 W. 69thCohen, Dr. Harry, 64 E. 3dCohen, Dr. Herman, 500 E. 173dCohen, Herman M., 531 W. 123dCohen, Isaac, 141 BroadwayCohen, L. H., 860 FreemanCohen, Louis, 1057 ProspectCohen, Maurice S., 1082 Anderson

Av.Cohen, Rev. Morris, 14 E. 119thCohen, Nath., 620 W. 116thCohen, Sollis, 707 BroadwayCohen, Solomon, 13 E. 17thCohn, Dr. Alfred E., 1070 Madison

Av.Cohn, Charles L., 271 BroadwayCohn, E., 1968 7th Av.Cohn, Eugene, 132 NassauCohn, Frank. 1650 Lexington Av.Cohn, Dr. Isadore, 102 W. 119thCohn, Isadore. 852 DawsonCohn, Morris S., 70 Lenox Av.

75


New York Coleman, Aaron, 50 W. 68thComenetz, Dr. Meyer, 139 DelanceyConheim, Herman, 70% PineCoon, Abe, 981 WhitlockCorn, Mrs. Rosalie, 50 W. 77thCowen, Alexander, care of H. Bern-

stein & Co., 236 5th Av.Cowen, Charles A., 2 WallCowen. Newman, 35 E. 60thCreidenherg, Julius, 44 W. 18thCuriel, H., 18 DesbrossesPanels, P., 80 E. 3dDangler, A. C, 162 W. 26thDanziger, Mrs. Ida, 109 W. 114thDanziger, Isaac J., 242 E. 58thDanzis, Max, 191 E. 3dDaub, William, Lebanon HospitalDavdowitz, Sam'l, 976 Tinton Av.David. Dr. Jacques R., 325 GrandDavid, Dr. Paul, 134 E. BroadwayDavidoff, Henry, 881 E. 170thDavidoff, Meyer, 10 E. 110thDavidowitz, Harry S., 441 W. 124thDavidson, Rev. Dr. David, 1190

Madison Av.Davidson, Gabriel, 601 W. 177thDavidson, H. N., 59 E. 117thDavidson, I. M., Jewish Theological

SeminaryDavidson, Dr. Israel, 531 W. 123dDavidson, Jos. EliasDavis, Edward. 301 W. 84thDavis, Moses, 670 BroadwayDazlan, Henry, 144 W. 44thDe Boer, D. H.. 792 WashingtonDelrest, Harold, 540 W. 143dDiamant, Louis, 132 NassauDiamond, J. L., 1765 Madison Av.Diamondstein. Dr. J., 84 W. 120thDittenheim. W., 1131 Forest Av.Dittman, Charles, 108 E. 60thDoniger, H., 663 BroadwayDoniger, Sundel, 861 E. 161stDorfman, Louis, 261 BroadwayDoskow, Israel, 886 E. 172dDoskow, Dr. Samuel, 830 E. 163dDottenheim, Mrs. S., 256 W. 97thDretzin, B., 989 Prospect Av.Drosin, Dr. Louis, 1666 Lexington

Av.Drucker, F., 92 1stDruckerman, Simon, 50 CanalDruskln, Dr. L., 214 E. BroadwayDublon, Jos. H., 51 E. 97thDushkin, Alexander M., 119 E. 92dDvorkin, J.. 1223 Union Av.Edelman, Selig, 132 NassauEdman, Sol., 416 W. 122dEichberg, Mrs. S.. care of B. Eich-

berg, 65 NassauEichhorn, Dr. H., 231 E. 11thEiler, Wm., 3809 3d Av.

Einstein, B. F., 71 E. 80thEinstein, S. E., 200 W. 111thEinstein, Mrs. William, 121 E. 57thEiseman, Rev. Aaron, 175 E. 79thEisenberg, Isidor, 115 E. BroadwayBisenberg, J., 115 W. 88thEisenberg, Louis, 561 W. 143dElsler, I., 500 BroadwayEisner, Dr. Sam'l, 235 E. 4thElfenbein, David, 107 2d Av.Elfenbein, S., 167 SouthEllas, Hon. Albert J., 18 W. 71stEliassof, H. N., 1864 7th Av.Eliscu, E., 516 W. 140thElkeles. Mrs. S., 607 W. 137thElken, Max, 1746 Madison Av.Ellmann & Ellmann, 63 Park RowElstein, Joseph, 725 BroadwayElster, Dr. H. B., 174 ForsythElzas, Rev. Barnett A., 575 W. 159thEmanu-El Temple School Com-

mittee, 43d and 5th Av.Endel, Charles W., 600 W. 140thEngel, Jacob B., 132 NassauEngel, Wm. M., 237 W. 139thEnglander, Oscar, 302 BroadwayEnselman, I., 102 W. 137thEpstein, A., 748 BeckEpstein, C. J., 53 E. 97thEpstein, Hyman J., 1421 Crotona,

Av. F.Epstein, M. W., 1371 Franklin Av.Epstein, Sam'l, 331 MadisonEpstein, Saul, 417 E. 6thErb, Newman. 42 BroadwayErhlich, Dr. S., 311 E. 4thErlanger, Abraham, 65 WorthErlanger, Sidney B.. 545 W. 111thErlich, Jacob, 28 W. 20thEssman, Karl, 490 E. 141stEttman, P., 1022 E. l.r.6thFabrikant, M., 701 E. 9thFalk, B. J., 14 W. 33dFast, E.. 974 St. Nicholas Av.Fast, W. A., 784 Washington Av.Feinberg, Dr. Israel. 104 W. 119thFeinberg, Joseph, 826 E. 163dFeinberg, Louis, 318 LorimerFeist, Max. 245 W. 139thFeitelson, Dr. J.. 55 DelanceyFeldberg, Louis. 321 StantnnFeldman, David. 157 NorfolkFeldman, Harold C, 204 W. 94thFertig, Moses M., 1556 Mlnford PI.Fichandler, Dr. Geo., S2 W. 114thFldler, Dr. Ben.1.. 1549 Madison Av.Fingerhood, Boris, 89 DplanceyFinkelstein, A. A., 148 E. 92dFinkelstKin, S., H E . 117thFiretag, S. A., 240 W. 102dFischer, E. E., 57 E. 3dFischer, Jos., 1171 Park Av.

76


Fischer, Julius, 35 NassauFischman, Miss B., 1 W. 92dFishbein, Louie, 26 Waverly PI.Fishel, Mortimer, 315 W. 98thFisher, Gabriel, 10 KenmoreFishman, Mrs. Arthur, 239 E. 18thFishman, Dr. J., 51 E. 117thFlanigan, Martin, 119 NassauFlegenheimer, A., 267 8th Av.Fleischer, N., 115 BroadwayFolkoff, Samuel H., 860 FreemanFoster, Mortimer C, 815 West End

Av.Fox, Benj., 72 8th Av.Fox, Geo. I., 30 E. 13thFrank, Ivan, 254 W. 98thFrank, James, 115 BroadwayFrank, Louis J., Beth Israel Hos-

pital, Jefferson and CherryFrankel, Dr. Julius, 191 2dFrankel, Dr. Lee K., 1 Madison Av.Frankel, Louis, 31 E. 32dFrankfurt, Jos., 584 Morris Park

Franklin, Dr. Fabian, 527 W. 110thFreedman, Mrs. B. L., 57 W. 55thFreedman, Jacques R., 11% E. 87thFreedman, Dr. Louis, 150 HenryFrenkel, Emil, 8 E. 81stFreundlich, A., 105 W. 120thFriedenwald, Dr. H., 356 2d Av.Friedlaender, Prof. I., Jewish Theo-

logical SeminaryFriedman, Dr. E. D., 314 E. 79thFriedman, G., 260 BrookFriedman, H., 81 DelanceyFriedman, H. C, 18 E. 92dFriedman, Isaac, 1507 2d Av.Friedman, Dr. M., 205 HenryFriedman, Miss S., 495 HudsonFriedman, Dr. Sam'l, 67 E. 93dFriesner, Isaiah, 814 Lexington Av.Frindel, Benjamin, 115 B'wayGabriel, S., 74 5th Av.Galewski, A., 323 BroadwayGans, Win. A., 2 RectorGarbus, Jacob, 128 W. 26thGardner, Isidor, 350 Beekman Av.Gardner. Dr. P. S., 198 RivingtonGarfiel, Chas., 20 E. 90thGarfunkel, Aaron, 145 W. 119thGarfunkel, I. B.. 116 NassauGelsmar, Leo, 100 St. Nicholas Av.Gellert, Dr. Sam'l, 748 6thGerber, Dr. Samuel, 104 RivingtonGerstein, L., 269 CanalGerstman, B. B., 30S W. 97thGhertler, Dr. Max, 50 St. Marks PI.Gilbert, Abraham, 125 2d Av.Gimbel, Mrs. Isaac, 32d and B'wayGinsberg, Abraham. 36 E. B'wayGinsberg, Barnet, 1680 Clay Av.Ginsburg, Dr. M., 51 E. 108th

Ginsburg, Max, 138 W. 113th New YorkGinzberg, Albert, 9 Maiden LaneGinzberg, Dr. Louis, 501 W. 143dGittleman, Louis, 526 Brook Av.Glantz, O., 217 B. 69thGlaser, A., 1532 3d Av.Glass, Dr. J., 67 2d Av.Glass, Wm., 824 St. Nicholas Av.Glassberg, Dr. Geo., 132 St. Marks

PI.Glatstone, S., 793 HomeGlick, Bernard, 1 Madison Av.Glickstein, Sam'l, 862 Hewitt PI.Gluck, Dr. Ernest, 152 E. 111thGliicksman, DavidGluskln, Dr. E., 383 GrandGodnick, N. W., 124 W. 115thGold, C, 1642 Anthony Av.Goldberg, Abraham, 20 E. 90thGoldberg, Henry, 211 E. 3dGoldberg, Dr. HeDry, 255 2dGoldberg, I., 171 E. BroadwayGoldberg, I., 356 CherryGoldberg, Lawrence, 134 E. 74thGoldberg, Sam'l, 313 E. HoustonGoldberg, Samuel W., 310 W. 95thGoldberg, Simon, 154 HenryGoldberg, Wm., 2 W. 120thGoldberger, Fannie, 782 Prospect

Av.Goldbloom, Sam'l S., 200 W. 111thGoldenberg, Benj. B., 1405 Prospect

Av.Goldenkranz, S., 68 St. Mark's PI.Goldfarb, Harry, 467 E. 169thGoldfarb, Philip, 507 BroadwayGoldin. I., 21 E. 110thGoldman, Dr. Alex., 1789 FultOD

Av.Goldman, Dr. Charles, 128 HenryGoldman, Isaac, 31 W. 115thGoldman, J. B.. 2 W. 119thGoldman, William, 58 E. 83dGoldsmith, August, 36 W. 69thGoldsmith, Miss Gertrude, 320 W.

105thGoldsmith, Milton. 783 Madison Av.Goldsmith, Wm., 77 E. 3dGoldstein, Chas. J., 47 W. 114thGoldstein, G., 304 DelanceyGoldstein, Herbert S., 8 E. 97thGoldstein, Jos., 1382 Prospect Av.Goldstein, Maxwell, 32 PikeGoldstone, Mrs. A. L., 50 Morning-

side Av.Goldwasser, J. E., 141 W. 111thGoldwater, Dr. A. L., 84 W. 119thGoldwater. Dr. S. S., 1 E. 100thGoldzier. Morris, 657 BroadwayGoodman, A., & Son. 640 E. 17thGoodman. Henry. 104 EssexGordon, Mrs. B., 255 Ft. Washington

Av.77


New York Gordon, David, 132 NassauGordon, Milton J., 198 BroadwayGordon, Dr. N., 1720 Madison Av.Gordon, Phineas, 9 BondGordon, Sam., 189 DivisionGoslar, E., 148 W. 88thGothelf, M., 997 Union Av.Gottfried, Felix. 1302 Prospect Av.Gottheil, Dr. Richard, Columbia

Univ.Gotthelf, P., 25 Claremont Av.Gottlieb, J., 185 Boulevard, Rocka-

way BeachGottschall, Louis. 462 BrondwayGrabenhelmer, N., 2G43 BroadwayGranet. Adolph, 65 2dGraumann, Rev. M., 751 Forest Av.Green, Samuel, Sherman Sq. Hotel

Bdway. and 70thGreenbaum, Dr. Leo, The Leonorl,

63d and Madison Av.Greenberg, Abraham, 309 E. 124thGreenberg, Mas. 589 E. 138thGreenburg-, Julius, 91 ClintonGreene, Dr. M. A., 85 7thGreenebaum, S., 143 W. 140thGreenfield, Dr. Sam'l, 356 E. 4thGreenfield, Rabbi Samuel, 26 W.

119thGreenstein, Abe, 570 W. BroadwayGreenstein, Harry, 612 Lexington

Av.Gribbin, Angel, 262 Broadway• rrodinsky, H., 331 Madison Av.Gross, Max, 309 BroadwayGrossman, Dr. H. M., 61 E. 124thGrossman, Rev. Dr. Rudolph, 1347

Lexington Av.Grover, A., 74 SuffolkGrunauer, Reuben, 216 W. 141stGuggenheim, Benjamin M., 115

BroadwayGuggenheim, William, 500 5th Av.Guggenheimer, Mrs. J. C, 308 W.

94thGuggenheimer, Mrs. R., 725 Broad-

wayGuinsburg, Rev. Theo., 21 W. 69thGuinzberg, Mrs. Victor, 21 W. 89thGutfreund, Hugo, 619 9th Av.Gutman, A. L., 142 W. 87thGutman, Louis, 55 E. 93dGutman, Malvin, 1070 Madison Av.Haber, Louis I., 508 W. BroadwayHallheim^r, Julius, 216 E. 83dHandt, B., 736 HomeIlanellin, Moe S., 204 E. B'wayHarkavy, Alexander, 309 E. 120thHarkavy, Louis, 256 CherryHarkavy. Dr. Samuel, 193 BroomeHarris, Mrs. Genrge, 4 W. 129thHarris, II., 132 E. 113th

Harris, Jacob M., 965 Grant Av.Harris, Dr. Louis I., 70 Lenox Av.Harris, Rev. Dr. M. H., 254 W.

103dHarrison, Dr. Henry H., 740 Trinity

Av.Hart, Mrs. Julius, 1 W. 85thHartman, Charles, 24 NewchamberHaskell, A. H., 29 E. 124thHast, Rev. Bernard, 237 W. 113thIlauptman, A., 23 LeonardHausovitz, R., 126 W. 139thHauswirth, Dr. Louis. 236 W. 113thHazay, Dr. M. II., 274 E. 10thHebrew Orphan Asylum, 137th and

Amsterdam Av.Hebrew Sheltering Guardian So-

ciety, Broadway and 150thIlocht, Chas., 700 W. 178thHecht, Jacob. 46 WalkerHechtman, Mike, 532 E. 172dHeckelman, Jacob C, 34 ScammelHeilborn, Jacob, 31 LibertyHeilbrun, David, 218 W. 141stHein, Mrs. H., 2 W. 88thHelfman, Dr. Simon, 253 E. Broad-

wayHeller. Dr. Jacob, 224 HenryHeller, Joseph, 41 Park RowHeller, Dr. Max, 224 HenryHeller, Maxwell T., 1118 Forrest

Av.Heller, Philip, 661 BroadwayHemley, Frederick, 71 NassauHerhst, Dr. Louis, 323 E. 4thHerman, D., 555 E. 169thHerman, S. J., 132 E. BroadwayHerman, Samuel, 072 Crotona Park,

So.Hermes, Miss Esther E., 1787

Madison Av.Herrman, Henry S., 54 E. 80thHerrnstadt, IT., 27 W. 115thHerschfield, R. N., 391 BroadwayHersheim. Joseph, 307 W. 106thHershfield, Harold L., 244 E. 48thHershfield, L. N., 11 BroadwayHershfipld, Levi, 2-14 E. 48thHertz, Emanuel, 400 W. 150thHertz, Dr. J. H., 9 E. 97thIlerzog, Joseph, 49 St. Nicholas Ter-

raaeIlerzog, Sam'l A., 43 CedarHess, Ferdinand, 65 DuaneHess, Jacob, 236 W. 112thHeyman, Dr. Morris, 232 HenryHpymsfeld, Nicholas A., 1518

Washington Av.Ilimowich, Dr. A. A., 1913 Madison

Av.Himowich, Nathan, 113 Canal

78


Hirsch, Herman, 404 RiversideDrive

Hirscb, 11. .1., I l l BroadwayHirschberg, Gustav, 106 Central

Park, W.Hirschfield, Dr. I.. 989 Prospect Av.Hirschman, Milton, 65 SenecaHirsdansky, Simon, 1516 Bryant Av.Hirsh, Ad'olph, 161 W. 76thHochstadter, Mrs. A. F., 313 W. 71stHochstadter, S., 227 FrontHoexter, Joseph W., 860 BroadwayHoffman, Hon. B., 271 E. 7thHoffman, L., 18 SpruceHoffman, Max, 531 W. 123dHolland, D., 1043 TintonHollander, Max W., 95 SheriffHoltz, Henry, 210 W. 140thHolzman, Benjamin M., 13 W. 90thHorowitz, L., 1577 Madison Av.Horowitz, Marks, 600 W. 165thHorowitz, Morris B., 57 BondHorwitz, Aron, 21 W. 117thHorwitz, Solomon, 11 E. 17thHousman, Chas. J., 20 BroadHuebsch, Dr. Daniel A., 791 Lex-

ington Av.Hiihner, Leon, 5 BeekmanHurwltz, Abram, 140 E. BroadwayHurwitz, Gregory, 174 2d Av.Hurwitz, Miss Pauline, 517 E. 145thHurwitz, Rabbi S. L., 59 E. 118thHutkoff, Isaac, 122 W. 114thHyman, Chas., 1164 Union Av.Hyman, Dr. Harry, 303 E. 4thHyman, Mrs. M., 515 W. 110thHyman, N. B., 3681 BroadwayHymanson, Dr. A., 139 HenryIkelheimer, Emanuel, 117 E. 56thIlloway, Dr. H., 1113 Madison Av.Isaac, Mark, 152 W. 141stIsaacs, Dr. A. E., 1325 Madison Av.Isaacs, J., 850 KellyIsaacs, R., 829 West End Av.Isaacs, Stanley M., 52 WilliamIsh Kishor, J., 254 E. BroadwayJaches, Rev. Philip, 56 Lenox Av.Jacobs, Dr. Jonas, 145 W. 82dJacobs, Jos. S., 562 W. 148thJacobs, Ralph J., 37 W. 70thJacobs, S. K., 81 GreeneJacobs, S. M., 1187 Boston Rd.Jacobson, Rev. E., 520 W. 175thJacobson, Hyman, 5 AttorneyJacobson, L. B., 917 Longwood Av.Jacobson, Rev. S., 501 W. 121stJacoby, B., 453 BroomeJacoby, Hyman, 532 W. 111thJaffe, A., 38 W. 129thJaffe, Moses, 916 KellyJais, Jacob D., care of Sylvester and

Levy, 13 E. 4th

Jarmulowsky, Louis. 46 W. 83d New YorkJarmulowsky, M., 27 E. 95thJarmulowsky, S., 54 CanalJeckels, Albert, 818 E. 163dJeshurun, George, 207 ClintonJewish Agricultural and Industrial

Aid Society, 174 2d Av.Jewish Theological Seminary, 531

W. 123dJoffe, Prof. Joshua A., 530 W. 123dJoseph, R. L., 32 E. 74thJosephi, E. A., 853 West End Av.Josephi, Isaac A., 321 Riverside

DriveJosephs, Jos., 982 Prospect Av.Kahan, M. J., 2 Av. AKahn, Harry J., 2220 Adams PI.Kahn, Henry B., 1381 Crotona Av.Kahn; Herman, 170 BroadwayKaiser, Leon S., 320 BroadwayKalich, Bertha, Lincoln National

Safe Vault, 42d St.Kalish, H., 251 W. 111thKalisky, Abraham, 37 LibertyKalman, A. L., 60 St. Marks PI.Kalnitzky, M., 93 E. 4thKandiner, Morris, 615 E. 13SthKann, Edward, 227 W. 113thKantrowitz, Joshua, 320 BroadwayKaplan, Dr. Alex. P., 49 E. 7thKaplan, B. D., 16 E. 96thKaplan, Dr. Emanuel, 136 LibertyKaplan, Rev. Mordecai M., 120 E.

93dKarp, Wm., 1018 E. 163dKarpel, Adolph, 49 E. 102dKasnowitz, E., 291 PearlKassel, S., 87 E. HoustonKastor, Sigmund, 109 DuaneKatz, Jacob, Hotel Brunswick, 89th

and Madison Av.Katz, Rev. M., 128 W. 115thKatz, Sam'I, 1422 Williams Bridge

Rd.Katzenelenbogen, J., 85 CanalKatzman, Dr. Eva, 203 E. Broad-

wayKaufman, Benj., 205 DivisionKaufman, Edwin, 70 E. 92dKaufman, H., 57 E. 3dKaufman, H. M., 132 W. 88thKaufman, Julius, 200 W. 113thKaufman, Philip, 2110 Sterling Av.Kehlman, Leopold, 330 E. 43dKeller, Dr. Henry, 181 StantonKesselman, Robert, World Bids-Kidansky, Isidore, 51 E. 96thKirschberg, Elias, 25 W. 123dKitt, Alfred, 598 E. 143dKittenplaz, M., 220 W. 136thKlatzke, L., 1 Cedar

79


New York Klaw, M., 214 W. 42dKlein, D. E., 701 Madison Av.Klein, Dr. David, 17 Lexington Av.Klein, Simon. 29 Av. DKleinert, I. B., 31 W. 87thKlempner. Sam'l, 460 CherryKlepper, Sam'l ,T., 1528 CharlotteKliatshco, Dr. H. G., 232 HenryKling, Jehiel, 1746 Bathgate Av.Klugman, Julius, 28 W. 38thKnopf, Samuel, 949 BroadwayKoffler, Samuel, 16 E. 111thKohler, Max J., 52 WilliamKohn, Jacob, 20 W. 107thKohn, Solomon, 203 BroadwayKohut, Rev. George Alex., Inde-

pendence Av. and 254thKopald, S., 680 Morris Park Av.Koplik, Chas. N., 101 Park Av.Kopolsky, Harry, 177 EssexKorn, Isidore S., 52 BroadwayKorn, Rabbi J., 157 E. 116thKraft, Nathan, 3 W. 112thKrakower, Dr. Tobias B., 52 W.

114thKramer, Leon M., 40 W. 115thKreisberg, Dr. B., 274 E. 10thKress, A. D., 2184 5th Av.Krlmke, Dr. Max, 1704 Lexington

Av.Kroll, E. L., 38 JohnKruger, Albert, 302 E. BroadwayKrulewltch, Bernard, 12 Washing-

ton PI.Krulewltch, Harry, 416 W. 122dKruskal, Dr. N., 329 GrandKruzanskrey. Jacob, 313 ChurchKuhn, August, 141 BroadwayKurzman, Charles, 536 BrooraeKurzman, Seymour P.. 25 BroadKutcher, Dr. M., 974 Prospect Av.Kweit. Mathilda, 434 E. 84thLabovich, I., 44 1st Av.Ladinskl, Dr. L. J., 1289 Madison

Av.Laemmle, Carl. 417 Riverside DriveLamport, A. M., 790 Riverside DriveLamport. Sol., 273 CanalLanda, Dr. M.. 281 E. BroadwayLandau, Adolph B.. 611 W. 141stLandau, Dr. M.. 200 E. 79thLande, Louis, 290 BroadwayLandesman, L., 57 GreenwichLandman, Dr. Samuel M., 220 E.

19thLappner, Dr. A., 302 E. 103dLasky, Sam'l D., 206 W. 106thLasner, Isldor, 119 BleeckerLebendiger, J., 155 OrchardLpderer. P. H.. 145 W. 127thLeff, Nathan, 5 E. 35th

Lehman, Hon. Irving, County CourtHouse

Lphr, Irving A., 150 E. Bway.Leibowitz, Ephraim J., 31 W. 89thLeibowitz. Dr. Ixidor, 70 RivingtonLeiner, Dr. J. H., 421 Wendover

Av.Leipziger, Dr. H. M., 500 Park Av.Lemowltz, Nathan, 38 W. 113thLerner, Leo, 80 2d Av.Lerner, Dr. Louis, 151 SuffolkLesser, Henry. 226 W. 113thLevant, Dr. Harry, 227 HenryLevene, Dr. Samuel A., 1568 Madi-

son Av.Levensohn, Miss Lottie, 843 Jen-

ningsLevenson, Joseph, 243 CanalLeventritt, Edgar M., 65 W. 54thLevl, Edward, 2671 Briggs Av.Levi, M., 224 E. 68thLevien, Dr. D. A., 35 7thLevin, Harry, 167 E. BroadwayLevin, Max, 59 E. BroadwayLevine, Edmund J., 7 Waverly PI.Levine, Jacob B., 830 E. 163dLevinsohn, Dr. H., 227 E. 10thLevinson, Chas., 272 W. 73dLevinson and Shapiro, 253 GrandLevittan, Michael A., 1550 Madison

Av.Levow, Benjamin, 940 Longwood

Av.Levy, A. J., 50 E. 77thLevy, Mrs. D., 430 Amsterdam Av.Levy, Edgar J., 135 BroadwayLevy, Mrs. Harry A., 607 WaterLevy, I. H., 52 E. 87thLevy, Israel N., 216 W. 141stLevy, Jacob, 1885 Lexington Av.Levy, Joseph, 18 W. 115thLevy, Joseph, 200 BroadwayLevy, Julius, 132 NassauLevy, Louis W., 590 BroadwayLevy, Nathan D., 198 BroadwayLevy, Samuel L., 536 W. 111thLewenksohn, Sam'l, 151 ClintonLewi, Isidor, 515 Tribune Bldg.Lewin, Dr. Ph., 530 Burk Av.Lewin-Epstein. E. W., 309 E. 22dLewine, F., 116 E. 78thLewinson, Benno, 119 NassauLewis, Sam'l, Jr., 417 E. 85thLewlsohn, Adolph, 42 BroadwayLewitter, Dr. A., 330 E. 4thLewy, Arthur J., 5 Union SquareLewy, Geo. S., 832 BroadwayLiberman. Abraham, 311 BoweryLichtenauer, J. M., 20 BroadLichtenstein, Moses, 600 W. 140thLichter, Ephraim, 345 Beekman Av.Lichter, L., 605 E. 138th

80


Lidz, Israel, 860 E. 161st St.Lieberman, David H., 547 BroadwayLiebovitz, Abr., 37 W. 93dLiedeker.A., 58 E. 96thLiman, Rev. Joel, 1571 Fulton Av.Lind, Alfred D., 71 E. 96thLindheim, M., 149 BroadwayLindner, Walter, 176 BroadwayLindo, J. J., 204 W. 110thLippe, Charles, 3 W. 128thLipshitz, Bernhard, 1509 CharlotteLipshitz, Ezekiel, 217 E. Bway.Lissman, Eev. Dr. Edw., 133 W.

113thLIttenberg, Dr. Sam'l T., 945 E.

163dLittman, S., 243 W. 46thLivingston, Wm, 132 MulberryLoeb, Herman A., 12 W. 84thLoeb, James, care of Kuhn, Loeb &

Co., William and PineLoeb, Dr. Martin, 1410 Wilkins

Av.Loeb, Mitchell, 46 RidgeLoebl, William, 860 BroadwayLoewenthal, Rev. D., 125 E. 114thLoewenthal, Joe, 886 Tremont Av.Loewy, Benno, 206 BroadwayLondon, Myer, 273 E. BroadwayLorsch, Miss Fannie, 266 Lenox Av.Louchheim, Walter C, 56 BroadwayLouis, Mrs. M. D., 9 Livingston PI.Lowenstein, Solomon, care of He-

brew Orphan Asylum, AmsterdamAv. and 138th

Lowenthal, Mrs. David, 133 W.140th

Lowinson, Oscar, 132 E. 74thLubar, A., 542 E. 139thLubarsky, Abraham E., 401 W.

118thLubell, Aaron D., 850 E. 161stLubetkin, Louis, 2 W. 120thLubetkin, Mrs. Max, 111 E. 95thLudwig, Dr. David, 200 E. 116thLudz, Max, 976 FoxLustgarten, Wm., 68 WilliamLyons, J. J., 76 WilliamMachol, Wm., 1153 Boston Rd.Mack, Harry, 54 WilliamMack, Hugo S., 7 BeekmanMagnes, Rev. Dr. J. L., 23 Sutton PI.Maimin, H., 601 W. 149thMallax, Jos., 316 E. 165thMandel, J., 407 BroadwayMandelbaum, Dr. F. S., 1300 Madi-

son Av.Mandell, K., 79 WorthMlandelstamm, Dr. Leo, 101 W.

117thMandlekern, Israel, 1670 Madison

Av.

Manfried, Max, 299 Broadway New YorkManheimer, Seligman, 212 E. 60thMann, Samuel, 1121 Forest Av.Marcus, Max, 269 E. HoustonMarcus, Sam'l, 1187 Lexington Av.Margolies, Jos., 31 ScammelMargolies, Rabbi M. S., 57 E. 86thMargolis, Rev. Elias, 601 W. 162dMargolis, Louis, 970 Tinton Av.Margolis, Louis, 1407 5th Av.Margolius, I., 90 CookMargulis, A., 220 BroomeMargulis, Jos., 129 W. 22dMarkowitz, Max, 531 W. 123dMarks, Dr. D., 50 E. 119thMarks, Henry, 208 W. 137thMarks, Lawrence H., 47 W. 88thMarx, Dr. Alexander, 76 Morning-

side DriveMarx. J. L.. 545 W. 111thMatthews, Sam'l D., 258 Bway.May, H. G., Kemble Bldg.Mayer, Dr. A., 40 E. 60thMayer, Bernard, 41 E. 72dMayer, Hon. Julius M., Post Office

Bldg.Mayer, Milton, 52 WilliamMayers, Jacob, 73 B. 92dMayersohn, Louis, 309 5thMeadow, Jacob, 241 W. 113thMeadow, S., 54 St. Nicholas Av.Meltsner, Charles, 54 St. Nicholas

Av.Meltzer, Dr. S. J., 13 W. 121stMeltzoff, Nathan G., 1424 Bryant

Av.Mendelsohn, M., 43 LeonardMendes. Rev. Dr. F. de Sola, 154

W. 82dMendes, Rev. Dr. H. P., 99 Central

Park, W.Mendoza, Isaac, 17 AnnMenline, E., 200 W. 112thMerin, Dr. A. L., 361 W. 51stMessing. Moses, 82 AllenMeyer, H. D., 139 W. 86thMeyer, Mrs. L., Central Pk., W. and

89thMeyers, Charles B., 218 W. 112thMeyrick, E. L., 980 Prospect Av.Michlin, Dr. Sam'l, 28 E. 3dMichnoff, Dr. Sam'l, 111 E. Broad-

wayMiller, Dr. Louis, 76 RivingtonMiller, Max B., 362 W. 119thMiller, Nathan J., 29 Bway.Mindheim, Max, 19 E. 93dMindlin. H., 122 BoweryMintz, J. J., 960 Prospect. Av.Mintz, Oscar, 362 Cypress Av.Mirsky, M. D., 123 BleeckerMishkind, Dr. A. D., 12 E. 111th

81


New York Mittelman, Dr. J. H., 116 ColumbiaMorgenstein, D., 45 W. 116thMorningstar. Joseph, 32 Park PI.Morris, Jacob H., 106 'Central Park,

W.Moses, Rev. Dr. I. S., 222 E. 61stMosesson, Rabbi H., 514 B. 12thMosesson, Dr. S., 16 E. 120thMoshkovitz, Dr. Z., 314 E. 3dMoskovitz, Harry, 1 W. 69thMoskowitz, Dr. Henry, 216 MadisonMoskowitz, Isaac, 1098 Jackson Av.Myers, Max M., 1215 Madison Av.Myers, Nathaniel, 135 Central Park,

W.Nachtigall, Simon, 136 GreeneNadaner. D. G., I l l E. 7thNathan, Mrs. Frederick, 162 W.

86thNeches, Solomon M., 40 ClintonNelson, Abr., 37 LibertyNeuburger, Max, 115 E. 05thNeufeld, Emil, 91 W. 119thNeumann, Dr. S., 317 6thNevins. A., 1990 7th Av.Newburger, Alfred, H., 100 Broad-

wayNewburger, Lester M., 100 Broad-

wayNewman, Abraham, 441 W. 124thNewman, C 309 W. 99thNewman, Dr. I., 234 W. 112thNewman, Julius, 3 W. 112thNewman, Dr. S. L., 263 HenryNewman, Dr. Sam1]. 1556 1st AvNewman, Simon, 107 E. 90thNewmark, S. J., 245 W. 113thNew York Public Library, 476

Fifth Av.Nieto, Rev. A. H., 265 W. 129thNissenshall, A., 19 E. 115thNorden, Joseph, Riverside Drive, cor.

102dNowak, Abraham, 77 E. 115thNusbaum, Myer, 51 ChambersOffenbacher, Emile L., 42 Broad-

wayOhringer, Isidor. 5 E. 117thOllendorf, I., 135 W. 119thOppenheim, Harry, 310 W. 80thOrens, N., 1075 TiffanyOrenstein, Bros., 599 BroadwayOrlans, Nathan, 5% EssexOrlansky, Miss O.. I l l E. 7thOshlnsky, Jos., 233 E. 68thOshlag, 'Dr. I.. 39 St. Marks PI.Oshlag, Dr. J., 1622 Av. AOttinger, B. J., 121 St. Nicholas Av.Pachner, Abraham, 48 Edgecombe

Av.Paley, H., 822 E. 163dParis, M., 901 Prospect Av.

Paul, Jacob, 48 B. 28thPearlstein, Louis, care of The Oak-

dale Mills, cor. 18th and 4th Av.Perla, Morris, 1626 MadisonPerlman, Max, 55 LibertyPerlmutter, Jerome, 211 StantonPerlstein, Meyer S., 2 W. 120thPerman, Chas., 367 GrandPeyser, A., 245 W. 111thPeyser, George B., 1919 7th Av.Phillips, A. S., 1210 Madison Av.Phillips, Ellen C, 109 W. 70thPhillips, H., 626 BroadwayPhillips, Isaac L., 601 W. 144thPhillips, Louis S., 266 W. 132dPhillips, Max, 823 New York Life

Bldg.Phillips, S. O., 2255 7th Av.Pickelman, H.. 941 Intervale Av.Pike, Abner II., 1680 Clay Av.Pincus, L., 329 BeekmanPinnolis, Jacob, 1227 1st Av.Pitzele, Elias, 81 ChambersPiza, Miss Rebecca, 311 W. 136thPlonsky, Ezekiel, 374 BroadwayPobiner, Dr. Jos., 210 RivingtonPodell. David L., 508 W. 135thPollak, Charles N., 125 E. 47thPollock, Simon O., 128 E. 96thPolstein, Isaac, 311 W. 100thPompan, Maurice A., SO Av. CPool, de Sola, D., 74 W. 69thPosner, Dr. Leo R.. 274 W. 140thPosner, Louis S., 20 BroadTosner, R., 15 W. 26thPost, J. L., 36 E. 14thPoswolsky, Morris, 45 ClintonPouch, A., 23 W. 32dPoulson, Dr. F. J., 205 E. 10thPowell, Jesse G., 83 St. Nicholas

PI.Prager, A. L., 132 NassauPrager, William, 129 E. 74thPrashker. Louis, 920 Prospect Av.Preiss, Elias, 60 W. 115thPresent, D., 596 BroadwayPretzfeld. Mrs. Emma, 43 W. 89thPulaski, M. H., 124 5th Av.Pye, Saul, 549 W. 163dQuasha, Louis L., 1574 Lexington

Av.Rabinavitz, P., 41 E. 7thRabinovitch, M. A., 1536 Minford

PI.Rabinowitz, J., 66 StantonRabinowitz, Dr. M., 243 E. Broad-

wayRabinowitz, Rabbi Moses, 1520

Washington Av.Radin, Dr. Max, 372 W. 120thRafalovsky, A., ISO HrnryRaff, Berman, 102 W. 29th

82


Raphael, Mrs. E. R., 285 CentralPark, W.

Rappaport, David M.( 103 W. 25thRasch, Simon, 551 W. 178thRatner, Aaron, 325 E. 103dRatner, Dr. Leo, 1536 Madison Av.Rauch, Dr. D. L., 179 W. 88thRauch, Jacob O., 381 E. 3dReich, L. R., 170 W. 141stReichler, Rabbi Max, 1012 SimpsonReichman, Louis, 190 ForsythReichman, Max, 190 ForsythReichman, Mrs. Wm, Netherland

HotelReichow, Arthur W., 92 Morningside,

Av. EReiner, Samuel, 49 E. 102dReinthaler, Dr. J. E., 62 E. 81stReiter, Julius, H., 9 E. 97thRelkin, Isaac, 633 BroadwayReubenstein, Raymond, 128 Broad-

wayReznick, J., 147 E. BroadwayRice, Henry, 377 BroadwayRichards, Bernard G., 356 2d Av.Richman, Miss Julia, 333 Central

Park, W.Richter, Bruno, 627 BroadwayRichter, Max, 22 B. 94thRies, Elias E., 218 W. 112thRiglander, J. W., 49 Maiden LaneRinderman, Harry, 1031 S. Boule-

vardRitter, Dr. Isidor, 61 St. Marks PI.Robbins, Barney R., 1 W. 101stRobert, Samuel, 906 Park Av.Robin, Dr. Henry, 1879 Madison

Av.Robins, Dr. David, 152 HenryRobinsohn, Dr. D., 245 E. Broad-

wayRobison, I., 163 MercerRochelle, Dr. Geo. I., 616 Madison

Av.Rodef Shalom Religious School,

Jos. Kahn, Treas., 573 Bway.Rodgers, Dr. Wm. A., 3 W. 120thRogers, Gus. A., 160 BroadwayRogers, Mark H., 602 W. 157thRoggen, Harry, 46 W. 83dRoggen, Selig, 1326 Madison Av.Rogow, David I., 61 E. 11thEoram, AbeRongy, Dr. A. J., 154 HenryRose, Jacob N., 484 GrandRose, S., Carmel Wine Co., 325

GrandRosen, Irwln, 1402 BristowRosenbaum, Louis, lr.3 W. 120thRosenbaum, Dr. M., 005 f>thRosenbaum, S. G., 207 W. 24thRosenbeck, Miss Selma, 247 W.

135th

Rosenberg, .T.. 1129 Tinton Av.Rosenberg, Moses, 74 E. 91stRosenblum, Hyman, 27 OrchardRosenblume, Dr. Jos., 212 E. Broad-

wayRosenfeld, B., 60 MurrayRosenfeld, George, 60 NewRosenfeld, Miss Jessie, 119 W. 87thRosenfield, SolomonRosenkranz, Dr. H., 83 E. 7thRosensohn, Sam'l J., 26 LibertyRosenstaam, S. S., 345 W. 84thRosensteil, Morris, 130 W. 25thRosenstock, Miss Fanny, 1331 Madi-

son Av.Rosenthal, Dr. I., 185 HenryRosenthal, Dr. M., 100 W. 121stRosenthal, Moses, 171 E. BroadwayRosenthal, O., 871 E. 170thRosenthal, Stephen Brooks, 1322

Madison Av.Rosenthal, Mrs. S. W., 352 W. 117thRosenwasser, Harry, 472 BroadwayRosenwasser, M., 472 BroadwayRosenzweig, L., 171 HenryRoth, Chas., 148 W. 118thRoth, Dr. Henry, 409 E. 140thRoth, Ignatz, 102 W. 121stRoth, Peter, 145 2d Av.Rothenberg, Henry, 172 WaterRothenberg, Dr. M. F., 543 W. 146thRothenberg, Morris, 5 BeekmanRothschild, Henry V., 290 Broad-

wayRothschild, Mrs. V. H.,43 LeonardRothstein, A. E., 131 BleeckerRottenberg, Dr. Ignatz M., 105 W.

118thRouse, Calmann, 1207 Park Av.Rozoff, Dr. Harry, 143 Av. BRubin, A. M., 150 E. 81stRubin, Edward, 22 E. 93dRubin, J. H., 150 E. 81stRubin, M. H., 1391 Madison Av.Rubin, Dr. Rudolph I., 50 E. lOSthRubinsky, H. A., 17 E. 95thRubinstein, Sam'l, 876 Macy PI.Runkle, Maurice, 1851 7th Av.Ruskay, Cecil B., 31 LibertySabsovich, H. L., 43 Exchange PI.Sachs, Ralph L., 1044 Madison

• Sackler, Harry, 117 2dRacks, Dr. Bernard, 139 E. 103dSadowsky, R., 801 BroadwaySaks, A., 34th and BroadwaySalem, Morris, 208 E. BroadwaySaloman, Leo, 49 W. 87thSampter, Morris, 127 W. 17thSamuel, James W., 605 W. 113thSamuels, H., 13 W. 20thSamuels, Herman M., 766 FoxSandusky, Isaac, 25 Market

New York

83


New York Saperstein, I., 624 BroadwaySaphirsteln, Jacob, 189 E. B'waySarahson, Miss Frieda, 187 E. Broad.

waySaruya, Abraham, 320 BroadwaySass, Samuel, 32 Union Sq.Satenstein, L., 452 Riverside DriveSauft, Dr. M., 10 St. Marks l'l.Saul, Julius, 401 West End Av.Schaap, Michael, 55 LibertySchachne, Louis, 163 E. 94thSchaffer, Benj., 299 E. 8thSchafran, B., 22 W. 21stSchafran, I., 350 W. 88thSchapiro, Max, 1555 Fulton Av.Schechter, Dr. S., 468 Riverside

DriveScheinborn, David, 147 RivingtonSchektman, Dr. H. N., 201 E. 102dSchenker, Ephraim, 66 CanalSchenker, Saul, 66 CanalSchickler, S., 64 E. 90thSchier, B.. 105 E. 104thSchiller, M., 134 SpringSchilt, Mrs. L., 329 W. 101stSchindler, Jacob, 550 W. 144thSchlager, Rev. Simon, 1197 Boston

Rd.Schlanger, Rev. L., 1 W. 113thSchlansky, Dr. Harry P., 102

MadisonSchlesinger, A., 256 W. 97thSchlesinger, Mark M., 20 BroadSchmukler, Peter, 19 E. 98thSchneider, S., 11 EldridgeSchneiderman, Harry, 919 Av. St.

JohnSchnider, S. A., 50 W. 119thSchoenbaum, Dr. G. L., 850 Long-

wood Av.Schoenfeld. Dr. Morris, 417 E. 138thSchoenthal, Henry, 614 W. 136thSchomer, Abraham S., 107 E. 103dSchottenfels, Miss Sara, 59 TV. 92dSchreiber, Benj. F.. 261 BroadwaySchulman, Harry. 21 Av. CSchulman, Rev. Samuel, 55 B. 92dSchumer, Dr. H., 770 Hewitt PI.Schuster, Philip, 601 E. 138thSchwartz, Abe, 52 Cathedral Park-

waySchwartz, Dr. B., 940 TiffanySchwartz, Ohas.. 123 E. 94thSchwartz, Dr. Chas., 1543 Madison

Av.Schwartz. David P.. 117 E. 56thSchwartz, Dr. H. B., 124 ColumbiaSchwartz, Harry, 584 Concord Av.Schwartz, M. B., 213 HenrySchwartz, Marie, 274 HenrySchwartz, Max. 60 StantonSchwartz, Morris, & Co., 1174 Jack-

son Av.84

Schwartz, Dr. Peter, 261 7thSeasongood, Clifford, 32 NassauSeelav, Robert, 1787 Fulton Av.Segal, Hyman R., 142 W. 113thSeidel, Dr. Herman, 356 2d Av.Seidel, Rev. Dr. Jacob M., 310 E. 72dSeiferheld, S., 114 B. 71stSelser, Dr. David M., 177 RivingtonSeldin, H., 1230 Boston Rd.Seligman, Albert, 124 E. 80thSellgman, Prof. E. R. A., 324 W.

86thSeligman, L. S., 35 W. 119thSemel, Bernard, 345 CanalShaff, Carl, 32 W. 18thShaine, Maurice L., 350 BroadwayShapiro, A., 1547 1st Av.Shapiro, B., 650 BroadwayShapiro, Rev. Herman, 20 PikeShapiro, Sam'l. 404 E. 73dSheftles, Dr. B. E., 2 W. 118thShipman, Rev. Herbert, 3 E. 45thShneidman, Louis, 52 ElizabethShort, Dr. David, 1547 Madison Av.Short, Dr. S., 1547 Madison Av.Shrovsky, Frances, 1120 Bryant Av.Shulman, Morris, 61 2d Av.Sidenberg, Richard. Hebrew Orphan

Asylum, 137th and AmsterdamAv.

Siegel, Benj., 1 W. 114thSigmund, S., 148 W. 111thSilberberg, Abraham A., 63 E. 93dSilverman, Emil, 830 E. 163dSilverman, Herman, 931 Park Av.Silverman, Rev. Dr. Joseph, 45 E.

75thSilverman, Maurice, care of Sulz-

berger and Sons, 44th and 1st Av.Simon, Miss Ida, 40 W. 119thSincoff, Jacob, 230 EldridgeSinger, Louis, 8 RutgersSinger, M., 1270 Madison Av.Sisterhood Talmud Torah Darech

Emuno, 220 W. 4thSlutske, William, 840 West End Av.Slutzkin, Adolph, 1428 Prospect Av.Smith, I. R., 783 Madison Av.Snitzer, Dr. I. L., 216 E. BroadwaySobel, Henry, 871 Intervale Av.Sobel, Samuel, 935 E. 163dSobelman, Dr. Nathan, 120 Delan-

ceySohn, Dr. David, 1283 Madison Av.Solarz, S., 710 BroadwaySoils, Miss Elvira N., 127 W. 74thSolomon, Rev. Ellas L., 620 E.

168thSolomon, Henry, 58 E. 65thSolomon, Hyman, 370 E. 4thSolomon, Miss Rose, 31 Av. BSolomon, Wm., 60 E. 122d


Solomon, Wm., 8 W. 117thSolotaroff, Dr. H., 939 Longwood

Av.Sommerfeld, Miss Rose, 225 E. 63dSondheim, Mrs. B., 329 GrandSonn, Louis, 320 BroadwaySossnitz, I., 1796 Bathgate Av.Spear, Rev. Dr. J. D., 128 E. 105thSpector, Joseph, 241 E. 68thSpeier, Rabbi Moritz, 1531 2d Av.Spektorsky, Joseph, 1337 Madison

Av.Speyer, James, 257 Madison Av.Spicehandler, A., 15 W. 18thSpiegel, Rev. Dr. Adolph, 1 W.

119thSpiegel, Jacob, 230 W. 140thSpiegelberg, F\. 36 W. 76thSpiegelberg, I. N., 42 BroadwaySpiegelberg, Mrs. L., 151 GreeneSpielman, M., 343 E. 10thSpinver, Dr. Jonas, 119 PittStander, Isaac J., 1209 Vyse Av.Starr, Hyman, 468 Riverside DriveStartz, Dr. L., 199 E. 3dStecher, Dr. Sam'l, 144 ColumbiaSteckler, David, 135 BroadwaySteigman, Dr. Philip, 64 SuffolkStein, Dr. Chas. I., 19 E. 108thStein, Morton, 514 W. 122dSteinberg, Dr. Henry, 226 E. 10thSteiner, Joseph, 22 W. 21stSteinhardt, Jos. H.. 310 W. 103dSteinhaus, Isaac, 261 BroadwaySterman, Sol., 71 E. 109thStern, A., 52 E. 61stStern, Harry A., 52 E. 89thStern, Henry, 533 W. 158thStern, Louis, 36 W. 23dStern, Louis, 464 Riverside DriveStern, Meyer, 325 E. 50thStern, Morris, 15 Union Sq., W.Stern, Nathan B., 33 GoldSternlicht, Dr. Isaac, 49 St. Marks

PI.Stiefel, Dr. I., 69 1stStierheim, Julius, Ellis IslandStoliar, Oscar, 1667 Lexington Av.Stone, Nathan H., 3089 BroadwayStraus, Hon. A. D., 18 BroadwayStraus, Benj., 442 W. 42dStraus, Mrs. Isidor, care of R. II.

Macy & Co.Straus, Jesse I., care of R. H.

Macy & Co.Straus, Simon, 221 W. 116thStrauss, Mrs. Martin, 401 West End

Av.Strauss, Nathan, 128 E. 80thStrauss, Dr. S., I l l W. 119thStrizver, Harris, 2327 Crotona Av.

26 85

Strizver, Herman, 1742 Bathgate New YorkAv.

Stroock, Mrs. M. J., 50 CentralPark, W.

Strulowitz, Max, 116 E. 2dSuchoff, Libbie, 239 E. 11thSugarman, Morris, 953 Prospect Av.Sugerman, Jos., 521 E. 138thSulzberger, Leo, 516 West End Av.Sulzberger, Sol., Far Rockaway, N.

Y.Sum, Dr. Wm. M., 1477 Washington

Av.Sundelson, Mrs. R. Wilner, 1873

Madison Av.Suskind, Harris, 480 E. 141stSwaab, Mrs. Mayer M., Jr., 88 Cen-

tral Park, W.Szold, Miss Henrietta, 528 W. 123dTannenbaum, Abner, 207 W. 147thTannenbaum, Dr. Julius, 235 W.

113thTannenbaum, Lippman, 3 W. 121stTannenbaum, Dr. Simon, 424 E.

84thTartakowsky, S., 220 EldridgeTennant, John A., 122 E. 25thTerr, Herman, 67 WoosterTheodoraff, M. Pope, 220 W. 110thTillman, Dr. J. R., 276 E. B'wayTim, Mrs. Louis, 16 W. 74thTintner, Rabbi B. A., 100 W. 119thTombacher, I., 224 CentreTrachtman, Nathaniel, 1472 Wilkins

Av.Traster, Joseph, 446 W. 164thTreuhold, Morris, 600 W. 163dTrochman, Mrs. Morris, 318 E. 80thTropp, Dr. Herman, 1703 Madison

Av.Trumkowsky, Isaac, 96 MonroeTuhna, D. L., 165 E. B'wayTunick, Dr. S. S., 258 HenryTuritz, M., 326 E. 32dTurtletaub, Max. 1391 Madison Av.Tushnett, Max M., 1412 BristowTushnett, Philip. 1052 Bryant Av.Ufland, Abr., 545 W. 111thTTng-er, Herman. 73 E. 90thlinger, Philip, 884 E. 165thUnger, Wm.. 48 E. 89thUnited Hebrew Community, 203 E.

BroadwayUntermeyer. Chas. 1., 2345 B'wayValentine, S., 24 E. 96thVan Raalte, Z., 100 5th Av.Van Veen. Joshua, 749 JenningsVidaver, Nathan, 116 NassauVogel, Dr. Heinrich, 1425 Madison

Av.Vogelstein, L., 36 W. 59thWacht, S., 790 Riverside Drive


New York Waldman, Morris D., 356 2d Av.Walttzky, Ellas, 201 E. BroadwayWallman, Samuel, 106 E. 97thWalter, Mrs. W. I., 115 W. 57thWarschauer Young Men's Benevo-

lent Association, 123 2d Av.Wasserman, Alex, 45 ClintonWasserman, H., 161 E. 65thWasservogel, Isidor, 1275 Lexington

Av.Watters, Dr. L. L., 250 W. 94thWeil, Arnold Chas., 2643 BroadwayWell, L., 303 W. 100thWell!, Max L., 333 BoweryWeinberg, Mrs. I., 548 W. 164thWelnberg, Mark, 997 Union Av.Weinberger, Emanuel, 417 E. Hous-

tonWelner, Ben., 35 W. 115thWelner, Sam'l, 222 W. 137thWelner, Sam'l, 2411 7th Av.Welngart, I., 122 5th Av.Welngarten, Oscar, 135 Central

Park, W.Weinstein, Alex, 38 Park RowWelnsteln, Dr. Joseph, 261 Central

Park, W.Welnstock, D., 302 BroadwayWelsbord, E., 917 Bryant Av.Weiss, Henry, 627 3d Av.Weiss, Herman, 76 St. Marks PI.Weiss, Joseph, 1436 Prospect Av.Weiss, Nathan H., care of Beth Is-

rael HospitalWeiss, S., 68 HesterWeiss, Dr. Samuel, 73 Av. DWeissenstein, E., 112 W. 123dWels, Isidore, 299 BroadwayWerner, Louis, 251 W. 102dWertheim, Jos. B., 55 E. 60thWiener, Adam, 320 BroadwayWiernlk Peter. 291 HenryWiley, Louis, The WyomingWilhelm, Max, 305 CanalWilhelm, Mrs. S., 207 W. 110thWilner, Dr. Anna S., 133 W. 12thWinehevsky, M., 555 W. 151stWiner, E., 125 E. 85thWiner, H. L., 187 E. BroadwayWinkler, Chas., 1646 Amsterdam Av.Winkler, Morris, 311 BroomeWise, Mrs. Leo H., 28 E. 63dWise, Rev. Dr. Stephen S., 23 W.

90thWishinsky, M., 5 Great JonesWltkind, Isidore, 299 BroadwayWodiska, Julius, 231 W. 113thWolbarst, Dr. A. L.. 113 E. 19thWolf. Abr., 2 W. 86thWolf, Alfred M., 119 W. 25thWolf, Miss Augusta, 222 W. 122dWolf, Dr. Irving J., 220 Henry

Wolf, Mrs. Morris L., 73d and Cen-tral Park, W.

Wolf, Rabbi Nathan. 65 W. 11thWolf, Slmson, 203 BroadwayWolff, Dr. Alexander, 141 E. 34thWolff, H., 526 W. 26thWolff, Mrs. J. R., 31 W. 54thWolff, Dr. S. C, 84 E. 108thWolfman, Dr. Ph., 105 E. 19thWolfson, I. H., 52 WilliamWolkowitz, Rev. F., 102 W. 114thWollman, Henry, 20 BroadWollsteln, Louis, 325 Central Park,

W.Yedeikln. Nathan, 48 E. 107thYoung Women's Hebrew Associa-

tion, 1584 Lexington Av.Youngman, M., 424 Amsterdam Av.Younker, Herman, 31 UnionZaltzberg, M., 589 E. 138thZevin, Israel J., 1044 Bryant Av.Zilevitz, Barnet, 851 Cauldwell Av.Zimis, J. S., 79 E. 4thZimmerman, M., 318 E. HoustonZimmerman, Morris, 1431 Madison

Av.Zinsler, Rev. Dr. L., 77 W. 12SthZipser, Dr. Max A., 52 St. Marks

PI.Zolotkoff, Leon, 1956 Crotona Park-

wayZukowsky, Morris E., 82 ChrystieZvirin, Nathan. 465 E. 172dZweifach, Miss Dorothea, 1732 Mad-

ison Av.

Niagara FallsAmberg, Max, 734 MainArnson, Harriet, 520 Cedar Av.Cong. Temple Beth El, care of Miss

Hat.tie Arnson, 520 Cedar Av.Oppenheim. Carrie. 1635 8thSilberberg Bros., 2118 MainWeil, Abraham, 716 Division Av.

OakdaleRabkin, Barnet, Indian Neck Farm

OgdenstmrgFrank, Nathan

OleanMarcus, U. W.

OsslnlngSociety for Aid of Jewish Prison-

ers, Jewish Chaplain, Sing SingPrison

86


FeekskillKirk, F. E., 823 South

PelhamIsaacs, Lewis M.

Richmond HillCahn, Sigmund, 430 Lincoln Av.

RochesterLIBRARY MEMBER

Michaels, Jos., care of Michaels,Stern & Co.

SPECIAL MEMBERSAugust, Simon, 187 St. PaulLevy, Jacob, 15 BoardmanLichtenstein, R., care of Michaels,

Stern & Co.

ANNUAL MEMBERS

Adler, A., 261 University Av.Adler, Isaac, 25 BuckinghamApfelbaum, S. J., 20 CumberlandBernls, Dr. Win. J., 24 Hyde ParkBlumstiel, J., 204 DartmouthChertoffi, Paul, 85 LyndhurstClonick, Moses Z., 132 GoodmanFrankel, Chas., 23 OregonGarelick, Isidore, 16 HanoverGuggenheim, Geo., 76 BurringtonHebrew Library, Louis Lipshitz, 201

ChathamJewish Young Men's Assn., 3

FranklinKatz, Abram J., 345 Bast Av.Landsberg, Rev. Dr. Max, 420 E.

MainMarks, Haskell H.. 360 NorthMiller, William, 571 University Av.Pearl man, Abraham I., 78 Wood-

buryPosner, Isaac, 21 HarrisonPresent, Philip, 60 South UnionRose, B., 60 Av. ARubenstein, Nathan, 266 Joseph Av.Schoenberg, Israel. 150 ChathamStern, Chas., 19 AndrewsWile, Julius M., Powers Hotel

Saranac LakeFeustmann, Maurice M., P. O. Box

405

SaratogaGoldsmith, B. J.

Schenectady New YorkGold, Arthur, 302 CongressJacobs, Rev. Pizer, 201 Seward PI.Jaffe, Henry, Box 647Lichtenberg, Chester, 138 Park PI.Llfset, Abraham, 66 Parker Bldg.Mandels, Abraham, 1431 MottSacharoffi, D.Stein, Mrs. Samuels, 21% Ferry

Sheepshead BayColgut, Edward, Shore Rd.

Spring ValleyBernstein, HarrisDoniger, JacobLevy, Louis J.

SyracuseSPECIAL MEMBERS

Stolz, Benjamin, 718 B. JeffersonWinter, John M., 460 S. Sabina

ANNUAL MEMBERS

Belloff, L. A., 724 HarrisonBraude, Rev. Moses J., 523 HarrisonBronner, Mrs. H., 719 B. GeneseeDrob, Rev. Max, 515 Irving Av.Eisner, Dr. H. L., Fayette ParkGerber, William W., 513 OrangeGuttman, Rev. Dr. A., 102 Walnut

PI.Hoi stein, David, 722 Comstoek Av.Jacobson, Dr. N.Junior Kadimah Zion Society, care

of A. B. Kauffmnn. 6G2 MadisonLevy, Dr. I. H., 717 B. GeneseeMundy, Ezekiel W., Public LibraryRosenbioom, HenryRubenstein, A., 352 W. OnondagaRubin, M. D., Grand Opera House

BldgSchwartz, Isaac, 114 Trinity PI.Shapero, I. M., 515 Irving Av.Solomon, S. D., 1 Empire Blk.Thalheimer, G., 1006 E. GeneseeZenner, Joseph, 704 S. Crouse Av.

TroySPECIAL MEMBERS

Kaufman, I. L.. 44 3dSmith & Goldstein, 122 3d

ANNUAL MEMBERSBoyer, J. H., 451 FultonButler, H. H., 145 1stCane, Isaac, 236 9thCohen, M. J., 1633 5th Av.

87


New York Ellenbogen, L. R 130 1stErllch, Leon, 458 BroadwayFreedman, A., 23 CongressGatslick, Goldie, 2134 5th Av.Goldberg, Mrs. R., 18 KingOoldsmlth, Z. A., 148 RiverGordon, A. J., 167 1stHaberman, M., 162 7th Av.Jacobs Bros., 1 Gale PI.Jacobs, James. 39 Pinewoods Av.Kramer, H.. 92 KingLazdon, Jacob E., 64 WashingtonLewis, Mrs. S., 130 1stMarks, B., 237 Pawling Av.Mednick, J., 169 1stMuffson, I., 163 4thMuffson. Joseph, 50 KingMyers, Jacob, 120 15thRosenberg, Jason, B'way and 3dRosenzweig, Jos., 482 RiverSandberg, Solomon, 31 KingSchnabel, Frank, 1459 5th Av.Sink, H., 7 DivisionSytnansky Bros., 244 1stTill, S., 52 CongressTroy Public Library, Mary F. Davis,

LibrarianWall en stein, M., 152 RiverWeinberger, J., 19 CongressWeisberg, S. L., Times Bldg.

NorthCarolina

NORTHAsheville

Finkelstein, H. L., 167 N. MainFrledlander, Mrs. S. A., 94 N.

LibertyHenry, Ph. S., ZealandlaLipinsky, M., 208 Cotton Av.Lipinsky, S.Lowenheim, JuliusMichalove, Isaac, 203 Ashland Av.Samuels, AbrahamWhitlock, Mrs. A., 278 Haywood

CarthageWainer, M.

CharlotteBaumgarten, H., 7 W. TradeMiller, H., Sr.

GoldsboroEpstein, M. N.Rosenthal, Jos.Weil, Mrs. HenryWeil, Mrs. Sol.

GreensboroCone, CeasarEgelson, Rabbi Louis I., Greensboro

Hebrew Cong.Goldstein, J., 740 S. Elm

TTticaAbelson, Barney, 195 OneidaHarris, A. Mitchell, 40 LansingLewis, M., 129 John

WestchesterGuterman, Morris, 656 Morris Park

Av.

White PlainsCitron, Nathan, 51 Battle Av.

YonkersAbrahams, Jos. L., 17 CarrollArbiter, David, 48 MainCohen, Max, 115 MorrisFreudenhelm, St., Marshall Rd.Goodhart, Edwin J., 34 Elinor PI.Israels, Mrs. Belle L., 21 Edgecliff

TerraceJacobs, Dr. Joseph, 11 Greystone

TerraceKatz, Ignntz, City HallLindner. A. S., Riverdale Av.Wolff, Dr. H. T., 151 Linden

CAROLINAHorwitz, A., 707 S. ElmLindau. J. W.Oppelman, Phil.Schiffman, S., 400 S. SpringStern. David, 209 S. AsheSternberger, E., 715 Summit Av.Sternberger, H., 712 Summit Av.Temko, Max, 119 Battleground Av.

HendersonvilleLewis, E. & Son, Box 156

RaleighAronson, B.

Rocky MountEpstein, E.

SalisburyOestreicher, DaveWallace, Victor

WilmingtonBear, Samuel, Jr., 121% PrincessJacobi, Marcus W .Mendelsohn, Rev. Dr. S.Solomon, B.Young Men's Hebrew Assn., P. O.

Box 833

88


OHIO OhioAkron

Akron Public Library, M. P. Edger-ton, Libr.

Arenson, Edward, 423 W. CedarArenson, Max, 82 HallBear, Max, 91 BittmanBear, Simon, 72 W. ExchangeBecker, M., 410 Wabash Av.Belensky, H., 268 S. MainBernstein, Max A., 28 Byers Av.Danzig, Louis, 294 W. ExchangeDensur, D., 288 W. MarketFederman, M. J., 18 S. MainFreiburg, Louis D., 25 Conger Av.Goldman, Morris, 15 Mt. View Av.Gross, Rabbi Louis, 194 Beck Av.Jaffe, Herman D., 125 GreenwayKazan, Simon, 104 HallKrohngold, Maurice, 530 W. Mar-

ketLevin, Victor. 237 W. ExchangeMirman, S. N., 401 S. Bway.Neuman, M. M., 457 W. MarketNobil, .T., 82 OakdalePhilo, Rabbi Isidor E., 105 S. BalshPolsky, A., 50 OakdaleSilberman, David, 141 Westwood

Av.Sokol. I., 193 S. MainWoloveck, Max, 184 Carroll

AllianceFrutkin, J. W., 126 Geiger Av.Geiger, Morris W., 116 W. SummitMilovsky, Rose, 330 N. MainNoll, B.' M., 50 E. HighSitrin, Sam, 66 W. Summit

BalticAlper, M.

BellalreBehr, S., 3110 UnionBlum, H.Blum, Mrs. I.Duga, Mrs. F. A., 3143 BelmontMayer, Elik

BucyrusBach, Jacob, care of Nusbaum and

BachBrowarsky, Ph., 666 Middletown AT.Englehart, H., 217 W. MansfieldGeiger, W. J., Spring St.Lubesky, A. H., 416 S. PoplarNussbaum, M.. 120 S. SpringVogel, Chas. M., Deal House

CantonSPECIAL MEMBER

Margolies, Mayer E., 415 W. 9th

ANNUAL MEMBERSCohen, Hyman, 42-2 W. 2dCohn, Samuel, 1200 W. 9thFeiman, S., 1109 S. CherryGlaser, S., 1902 Kloyer Av.Green, M., 417 McKinlev Av.Greenberger, Jos., Public SquareKlafter, Philip, 122 N. MarketLavin, Harry, 813 S. CherryLuntz, S., 1010 N. WalnutRapoport, Philip, 1016 S. CherryScholnik, N., 1004 W. 9thSimons, S. B., 310 S. CherrySklorman, Louis, 821 S. Cherry

ChillicotheSchachne, Richard, 202 W. WestSulzbacher, W. F., 165 W. 2d

CincinnatiLIFE MEMBERS

Seasongood, Murray, 808 N. Cres-cent Av.

Union of American Hebrew Congre-gations

SPECIAL MEMBERSFox, Solomon, 2651 Highland Av.Goldsmith, A. W., 3225 Harvey Av.Lazarus, Jos., 647 Forest Av.Meyer, Jos. L., 871 Hutchins Av.Schwab, A. G., 10 Avon Apts.Senior, Ed., 2220 Frances LaneSenior, Max, Mitchell Bldg.ITnger, Ennis, 1384 Myrtle Av.Wald, Mrs. Richard H., 561 Hale Av.

ANNUAL MEMBERSAbrams, Sam'l J., care of Heb. Un-

ion CollegeBerman, A., 849 Windham Av.Bettman, Alfred, First National

Bank Bldg.Bettman, B., Hotel Alms, Walnut

HillsBettman, Morris L., 3739 Reading

Rd.Bing. Ben M., 818 Hutchins Av.Bloch, .7., 810 MainBloch, Joshua. 3156 Harvey Av.Block, Abr., 810 MainBlock, Simon, 3615 Washington Av.Bloom, Irving M., 724 W. 6thBloom, Isaac, 3511 Burnett Av.B'nai .Teshurun S. S. LibraryBogen, Boris D., 965 Elberon Av.Cohen, Alfred M., S. W. cor Wal-

nut & 3dCohon, S., 1009 Chapel, W. H.

89


Ohio Danziger, Morris M., 910 CentralAv.

Davis, Charles K., 550 Prospect PI.Dine, Harry N., 2216 Fulton Av.Dine, Ph., 1123 MainDreifus. D., 1342 Locust, W. H.Englander, Dr. Henry, 1355 Myrtle

Av., W. H.Ezekiel, Henry C.Pellheimer, M,, 820 Mann PI.Fichman, David, 207 Hearn Av.Freiberg, Dr. Albert H., 3576 Alaska

Av.Freiberg, Bernhard, 746 Greenwood

Av.Freiberg, J. Walter, 3583 Alaska Av.Freiberg, Maurice J., 3577 Alaska

Av.Freiberg, Sigmund, 1322 LocustFridman, Jeanette S., 1501 Lincoln

Av.Friedlander, I. T., 4 Burnett Av.Fries, Gus. R., 3221 Falrfleld Av.Ginsberg, Dr. II. E., 4005 Woodland

Av.Goldman, Louis J., 853 Beecher, W.

H.Grossman, Rev. Dr. Louis, 2212

Park Av., W. H.Heinsheimer, Edward L., 3584 Alas-

ka Av.flessberg, Mrs. Danlei, 840 Glen-

wood Av.Hillkowitz, Dr. William, 19 W. 7tbHirsch, Max, S. W. cor. 3d and RaceHodges, W. W. C, Libr. Public Li-

braryHoffheimer, Hon. H. M., 2335 Grand-

view Av.Hoffheimer, S. A., 504 Forest Av.Holzberg, J., Ehrman and Wilson

Av.Hullenbauer, Emil. 3406 Harvey Av.Huttenbauer, I., 3348 Burnett Av.Isaacs, A., 3552 Bogart AvIsaacs, Nathan, Apt. 2, The ArogonJewish HospitalJonap, Henry, 2854 Winslow Av.Joseph, Joseph, Forest and Alaska

Avs.Joseph, Leopold, 3573 Bogart Av.Kadisevitz, Isidore, 025 W. 7thKahn, David F.. 840 Hutch ins Av.Kahn, Felix, 762 S. Crescent Av.Kahn, Lazard. 3975 Beechwood Av.Kahn, Sam, 731 S. Crescent Av.Klein, E., 705 Olenwood Av.Klein, Jos., 2810 Stanton Av.Koch, Jacob M., 3569 Bogart Av.Kohler, Rev. Dr. K., 3016 Stanton

Av.

Kotzin, Theodore, 245 Hearn Av.Krohn, Louis, 2902 Gilbert Av.,

W. H.Kronenberger, Louis, 911 Lexington

Av.Latz, Charles B., 2104 Fulton Av.Lauterbach, Dr. J. Z., 724 W. 6thLazaron, Morris, cor. Highland and

McMillanLeikert, Julius, Hebrew Union Col-

legeLesser, Myer, 1321 LocustLevi, H. J., 612 Mann PI.Levi, Louis S., 532 Prospect PI.Levine, J. E., 963 FranciscoLevy, Harry M., 2933 Fairfleld Av.Levy, Lipman, 861 BeecherLevy, Max, 2208 Fulton Av., W. H.Livingston, H. S., 421 Forest Av.Mack, Alfred, S. W. cor. 3d and

WalnutMack, Jacob W., 984 Burton Av.Mack. Ralph W., 549 Mitchell Av.Mandel. Henry, 16 Haydock FlatsMann, Louis, 3244 WoodburnMannhelmer, Jennie, Lyric Theater

Bldg.Marks, L. V., 340 Northern Av.Marks, M. H., 2321 Kemper Lane,

W. H.Marks, Martin, 689 S. Crescent Av.Markstein, B. M., 34 London CourtMarx, Louis, 2837 Melrose Av.Marx, Robert S., 867 Lexington Av.May, Max D., 311 GoodmanMayer, E. M., 994 Dan.i Av.Mayerburg, Sam'], care of Hebrew

Union CollegeMazure, Maurice M., care of Hebrew

Union CollegeMillziner, Rev. Jacob, 519 Prospect

PI.Meis, Henry, 13 W. PearlMoiss, Leon. 813 Main PI.Miller, Raphael W., 631 W. 7thMoch, Moses E., Reading Road,

opp. S. Crescent Av.Newburgh, Louis, 2327 Highland

Av., W. H.Newburgh, Major S., 2334 Upland

PI.Oettlnger, Myer, 824 Beecher, W.

W. H.Oscherowitz, I., 714 W. 6th Av.Ottenhelmer, Jacob, 338 Rockdale

Av.Philipson, Rev. Dr. David, 3947

Beechwood Av.Phillips, Elias H., 746 E. RidgewayPhillips, Godfrey J., 674 Forest. Av.Pink, Louis P.. 410 Armory Av.Plaut, Nathan, 656 Forest Av.

90


Pollak, Mrs. Emil, 2648 StantonAv., W. W. H.

Pollak, Jacob, Hebrew Union Col-lege

Pritz, Carl, 4064 Rose Hill Av.Pritz, Sydney E., 909 SycamoreEauh, Fred., 760 S. Crescent Av.Raushoff, Dr. Jos., 2929 Vernon PI.Reins, I., 742 Greenwood Av.Rheinstrom, Sig., 771 Greenwood

Av.Richmond, Harry, Hebrew Union

CollegeRoettinger, Philip, 906 4th National

Bank Bldg.Rothenberg, Sam'l, 803 Lincoln Av.Samcovy, T., 226 Albany Av.Schottenfels, Jacob, First National

Bank Bldg.Schottenfels, Max, 3438 Duny Av.Seasongood, Lewis, Reading Road

and Crescent Av.Seinsheimer, H. A., 3640 Reading

RoadSeinsheimer, Mrs. Sam'l, 3630 Read-

ing RoadSilberherg, Max, 30 W. 3dSosna, Hyman, Hebrew Union Col-

legeSpiegel, Frederick S., 855 Hutchins

Av.Stern, Dr. D., 108 Garfleld PI.Strashun, Dr. M., 6th & SmithStraus, I. S., 22 W. PearlStraus, Sam, 2530 MayStrauss, Henry, 740 S. Crescent Av.Tauber, Dr. Elinore B., 19 W. 7thTedesche, Sidney, 3433 Carthage Av.Tennenbaum, Miss Minnie, 1356

Burdette Av., W. H.Trager, I. Newton, 333 Forest Av.Trager, J. Garfleld, 3863 Reading

Rd.Trost, Samuel, 510 Forest Av.Trounstine, "Victor, 2 Lee CourtWeiss, Alexander, 18 ArcadeWeiss, Harry, 817 Oak, W. H.Westheimer, Morris F., 3557 Rose-

dale PI.Winkler, Eli, 522 Forest Av.Winkler, Isaac, 3602 Washington

Av.Wolf, James J., 830 Glenwood Av.Wolff, Gabriel H., 3032 HockberryWolfstein, Dr. D. I., 847 Glenwood

Av.Wolfstein, Sam'l, 836 Glenwood Av.Workum, David J., 678 N. Crescent

Av.Wyler, A. E., S. W. cor. McMillan

and InglesideZepin, Rabbi Geo., 90 Carew Bldg.

Oircleville OhioFriedman, B.Joseph, GermainJoseph, Henry

ClevelandSPECIAL MEMBERS

Baker, E. M., 2017 Cornell Rd.Kohn, David S., 5908 Thackeray Av.Kohn, Mrs. Will S., 6016 Thackeray

Av.

ANNUAL MEMBERSAdams, S. A., 10100 S. BoulevardBabin, Mrs. Isidore, 1433 E. 9thBernstein, Alex., 2510 E. 40thBialosky Bros, and Co., 780 Kins-

manBiskind, Dr. I. J., 2350 E. 55th1 Braham, L. A., care of The May Co.Brody, Dr. Myer, Woodland Av. and

E. 37thBrosseau, David I., care of Bailey

Co.Deutsch, A. S., 207 Kennard Av.Ebin, Rabbi W. H., 2553 E. 37thEinstein, H., 8604 E. Carnegie Av.Elseman, Charles, 1029 Citizens

Bldg.Englander, Dr. I., 2649 E. 53dEttinger, Chas., 636 E\iclid Av.Feder, Marcus, 2234 E. 55thFeiss, Julius, 113 St. ClairFelss, Paul L., 113 St. ClairFeniger, Ben, 737 Soc. for Savings

Bldg.Flneberg, Juda, 2430 E. 46thGarber, Aaron, 4505 Woodland Av.Gittleson, Dr. R., 4005 Woodland

Av.Glickman, J., 2334 E. 46thGoodman, Max P., 1803 Radnor

Rd.Gordon, A., 2516 E. 33dGries, Rev. Moses J., 2045 E. 93dGross, Sam, 1819 Cadwell Av.Grossman, Louis J., 206 Soc'y for

Savings Bldg.Grossman, Nelson S., 5603 Scoville

Av.Grunauer, B. P.Hahn, Dr. Aaron, 1914 E. 66thHalle, Mrs. Manuel. 2341 E. 40thHalle, Salmon P., 95 Euclid Av.Hartman, Sam. 1927 E. 73dHays, Kaufman, 316 Amesbury Av.Heimlich, Daniel, 664 Rose Bldg.Holstein, N. L., 6507 Superior Av.Huebschman, E. J., 10010 Parkgate

Av.

91


Ohio Jacobson, Dr. Theo., 728 PermanentBldg.

Jewish Orphan Library Union, careof Jewish Orphan Asylum

Joseph, Isaac, 632 St. Clair Av.Joseph, Sieg., 349 Amesbury Av.Kanner, G., 12320 E. 63dKatz, Louis A., 528 Williamson

Bids.Kntz. Max E., 2355 E. 40thKlein, David, 319 Soc'y for Savings'

Bldg.Kohn, S., 2318 E. 46thKolinsky, Abraham, 2387 E. 39thKolinsky, M., 2420 E. 43dKorach, H., 6109 Hawthorne Av.Kornhauser, Mrs. D. H., 1877 E.

75thLev, Nathan, 6204 St. Clair Av.Levy, Isaac, 8606 Carnegie Av.Liebovitz, Rabbi H. A., 4306 Sco-

ville Av.Margolies, Rabbi S.. 2119 E. 46thMarks, M. A., 1886 E. 93dMeisel, Max E., 1405 Williamson

Bldg.Miller, J. H., 11435 Euclid Av.Morgenstern, Jos., Woodland and E.

37thMorgenst.ern. S., 2315 E. 43dMoses, Abraham, 5801 Thackeray

Av.Neiger, Arthur A., 2350 E. 39thPelser, Rabbi Simon, Jewish Or-

phan AsylumPeskind, Dr. A., 2414 E. 55thPrentkey, Sol, 1606 Holyrood Rd.Reiter, E., 1607 E. 82dRocker. S., 2557 E. 39thRothschild, B. Lilian, 3526 Wood-

land Av.Sandrowitz, Phil., 7704 Hough Av.Sands, L., 1551 E. BoulevardShlesinger, S., 7802 Cedar Av.Silbert, Sam'l N., 4708 Woodland

Av.Silver, Max. 2390 E. 38thSimon, H., 2749 E. 51stSimon, M., 2740 E. 51stSteam, Abraham, 2368 E. 40thTemple Library, Willson and Cen-

tral Av.Tifereth Israel Cong., E. 55th and

Central Av.Well, Meyer, 11310 Bellflower Rd.Wiener, A.. 1082 Case Av.Wolfenstein, Dr. S., Jewish Orphan

AsylumWolpaw, Jacob, 2064 E. 82dWolsey, Rev. Louis, 3848 Prospect

Av.

Zeligzon, Dr. Maurice, 5705 Haw-thorne Av.

ColumbusSPF.CIAL MEM BEE

Lazarus, Fred, 1080 Bryden Rd.

ANNUAL MEMBERSBarnett, Harry K., Lock Box 511Basch, Jos., 703 Franklin Av.Columbus Public Library, per E. O.

Randall, chairman Book Comm.Finkelstein, N., 904 Parsons Av.Goldsmith, Jacob S., 1263 Bryden

Rd.Goldsmith, Max, 19 E. Livingston

Av.Goldsmith, Sein B., 1133 Franklin

Av.' Gordon, Dr. E. J., 836 E. Livingston

Av.Gumble, Henry, 7S1 Bryden Rd.Herskowitz, Sam J., 599 E. RichHyman, Mrs. Lewis, 17 W. Oakland

Av.Kohn, Emil, 799 Dennison Av.Kornfeld, Rev. Jos., 376 Linwood

Av.Lieberman, L., 617 E. Livingston Av.Magaziner, Hugo, 374 Linwood Av.Newman, E. M., 1450 E. BroadNewman, Jacob, 12 E. SpringOhio State LibraryRosenthal, C. M., 510 E. Livingston

Schainfarber, C. J., 1424 FranklinAv.

Schatenstein, A. J., 342 S. Washing-ton Av.

Schontha), Jos.Schottenstcin, Max, 227 N. 5thSilverman, Morris, 500 S. Washing-

ton Av.Steinfeld, Dr. A. M., 322 N. 5th

Av.Zion Lodge, I. O. B. B., care of Dr.

Kornfeld, 376 Linwood Av.

DaytonAch, FerdinandCohen, Minnie, 670 RichardFrank, Chas., 2105 E. 5thLefkowitz, Rev. David, 55 Richmond

Av.Margolis, Jacob, 39 JonesMargolis, Max, 28 E. 5thMargolis, Max K., 24 JonesMargolis, S., 945 N. BroadwayMargolis, Sol., 338 Morton Av.

92


Rosenthal, Charles H., 208 S. Lud-low

Sajovich. Mrs. Ike, 31 EagleYassenoff, Miss Rebecca, 104 Xenia

Av.East Liverpool

Bendheim, G.

FindlayGordon, I. J., 518 S. Main

HamiltonLane Free Library, per Clayton A.

Leiter, Sec'yNowman, A., 11 S. CSiebler, B., 520 N. 3dStrauss, Ben, 622 Dayton

IrontonBrumberg, A. B.Edelson, M. E., 166 S. 5thLevinson Bros., 3d St.Mearan, I., S. 6th St.

LebanonKaufman, A. B.

LimaMichael, N. L., 213 N. Main

MansfieldFreundlich, LouisGoldsmith, Aaron, 5 W. 1stHaupt, J., 22 FlintWeil, Henry, 340 Park Av.

MarionBrown, Aaron, 416 N. StateSchwartz, L., 118 S. MainStrelitz, Henry, 113 N. Main

MassillonBloomberg, Mrs. H. A., 1108 E.

Main

Mount TernonDubinsky, Mrs. B., High and NortonHyman. Mrs. MaxLevey, Mrs. Joel, 122 E. SusrarLurie, Mrs. Harry. 208 E. VineMeyers, Mrs. MaxRosenthal, Mrs. A.. 601 E. VineRosenthal, Mrs. I., 607 E. High

NewarkGoldbPrsrer, David. 229 W. MainSchonberg, M.. 4S6 Hudson Av.Weisman and Saks

Oroville OhioPerilstein, Mrs. Jos.

FiquaSPECIAL MEMBER

Flesh, Henry, Citizens Nat'I Bk.

ANNUAL MEMBERSKahn, A., 419 N. WayneLouis, Leo, 621 N. CaldwellLouis, Meyer, Boone St.Louis, R., Boone St.Michelson, M. B., 503 South Av.

PortsmouthLIBRARY MEMBER

Horchow, Samuel

ANNUAL MEMBERS

Atlas, HenryBrown, Joseph, 825 GalliaGoodman, S. W., 1227 5thHammel, Alfred, 306 ChillicotheKline, A., 514 N. WallerLehman, M., 938 SecondQuasser IkeSchapiro, Rev. A.Schloss, Sam M., 721 9thStraus, Fred, 511 2d

SanduskyKaplan, Sam'l, Market St.

SidneySPECIAL MEMBER

Herzstram, A., 849 Main Av.

ANNUAL MEMBERSJoseph, M.Levin, B., 713 Ohio Av.Rosenthal, Isaac

SpringfieldBornstein, HarryEbner, Jos., 26 E. CassidyIsaacs, Isaac, P. O. Box 474Joffa, S. J.. 72 W. MainKleeman, Max L., 21 S. Fountain

Av.Klein, Jacob, 1032 S. CenterLe Bolt, Gus, 463 Fairbanks Bldff.Lessner, A. L., 132 E. ColumbiaLevy, M. D., 516 S. LimestoneOppel, Richard, 1307 S. FountainSalzer, Gus. M., 45 W. High

StruthersHarrison, Morris E.

93


Ohio ToledoAlexander, Rnbbi D., 229 WinthropBenowitz, Rev. H., 807 UticaCohen, A. S.. 561 EriePriedland, Mrs. S., 1950 CantonGeleerd, Myer, 2112 Madison Av.Hirsch, Herman, 38 13thJacobson, Dr. J. H., 239 MichiganKaufmann, Nathan, 2110 Scottwuod

Av.Kbbacker, Mrs. Jos. I., 2311 Glen-

wood Av.Levison, Harry, 2226 PutnamLevitt, L., 2012 School PI.Meisel, Sam, 1126 E. BancroftNathanson, Isaac, 1706 LocustSchoenfield, S. L., 2273 Glenwood

Av.Silverman, I., 2222 Lawrence Av.Steinberg. B., f) E. Woodruff Av.Steinem, Jos., 2228 Scottwood Av.Steinfeld, Dr. A. L., 239 MichiganZiegler, Mrs. Jos., 2429 Putnam

Ronsbeim, H.Troy

•WoosterFreedlnnder, Mrs. I., 130 N Buckeye

YoungstownBrody, Dr. J. G., 703 Himrod Av.Eidelman, Chas., 133 N. ProspectFish, David, 845 HighFish, Max, 95 E. DalisonFriedman, Jos., 408 HolmesFriedman, S. B., 337 E. Federal

Goldstein, M., 527 Bryson.Hain. Max, 120 E. Myrtle Av.Handmacher, Dr. B. B., 1429 Mlllt-

cent Av.Kornhauser, David, 87 Wick OvalLivingstone, M., 1323 Ohio Av.Lyman, Dr. C. B., 283 W. FederalO'zersky, Emanuel, 7 N. Forest Av.Ozersky, Louis, 42 Vlck PI.Ozersky, Max M., 64 BroadwayRegenstreich, Louis, 311 E. Bord-

manRodef Sholem Congregation Sabbath

School, care of I. G. Goldsmith,357 Burke

Scheibel, Morris W., 1301 WickBldg

Schwartz, Ignace, 325 Lincoln Av.Shagrin, Max, 256 LincolnShulman, B. C, 502 Mahonlng Bank

Bldg.Steiner, David, 1053 MarshallSussman, Isaac, 267 E. FederalWilkoff, Ike, 359 ArlingtonYarmy, Sigmund J., 817 Ford Av.

ZanesvilleBlickstein, I., 752 ElmBlock, Daniel, 322 N. 5thBrillant, Leo, 210 MclntireFrank, Julius, 6th and HowardFrank, Moses, 1118 Sunset Av.Furst & Co., I. E., 510 MarketPollock, Sam, 801 SpringStarr, A. E.Weber, LouisWeber, Sam, 421 Convers Av.Yumer, Mrs. H., 21 N. 7th

OklahomaArdmore

Daube, Mrs. Sam'lGoldsmith, Jos.

Oregon

OKLAHOMACleveland

Ratner, DaveOklahoma City

Epstein, Mrs. A., 401 W. 10th

OREGONPortland

SPECIAL MEMBERSelling, Ben

ANNUAL MEMBERSBernstein, Mrs. Alexander, 776

OvertonCohen, David Solis, 833 Chamber of

CommerceCouncil of Jewish Women, care of

Mrs. G. Simon. 245 St. ClairGevurtz, Louis, 225 10th

Gevurtz, Philip, 180 1stHirsch, Mrs. Solomon, 171 St.

ClairMosessohn, David, 714 Chamber of

CommerceOstrow, M., 44 N. 3dSimon, Hon. JosephTilzer, Dr. A., The Morguam Bldg.Wise, Jonah B., 12th and Main

RoseburgJosephson, Mrs. M.

94


PENNSYLVANIAAllegheny

Davis, I. M., 663 Preble Av.Harter, A., 107 B. PearlSaul, M., 1829 Beaver Av.Saul, Sam'l, 1700 Beaver Av.Zimmer, I., 1823 Beaver Av.

AllentownBeresln, William, 448 N. 6thGoldhammer, J., 738 HamiltonGrossman, Benj. L., 618 N. 2dHaltzel, Henry S.Hess Bros.Kline, Charles, 1346 HamiltonMarkowitz, Mrs. B., 620 N. 2dMovsovich, Morris, 138 LibertyRapopord, Max, 44 N. 7thSapersteln, Israel, 618 LindenSchattenstein, J., 515 AllenSiegel, Maurice, 606 GrantSilberstein, Louis, 644 FrontSofranscy, Abraham, 502 N. 3dSpare, Dr. M. H., 22 N. 2dWeisman, I., 624 Grant

AltoonaAbels, Rabbi Moses J.Bendheim, Perd.Berman, M., 1309% 11th Av.Leopold, B., 2201 Broad Av.Levine, Samuel, 1703 16th

AmblerBelber, Henry S., 1300 Hunting

Park Av.Ardmore

Loeb, Oscar, 19 St. Paul's Road

AshbourneBowers, L. S.

Beaver FallsSalmon, MayerSolomon, Mrs. Max, 1202 8th Av.

BerwickSchain, J. M.

BloomsburgCohen, Louis

BraddockBazel, Eev. Jacob M., 114 11thPeinberg, Goodman, 2714 Wylie Av.Friedman, AlexFriedman, Wm., 117 8thGoldstein, A., 641 Braddock Av.

Lincoff, Frank, 214 Braddock Av.Markowitz, B., 1017 Talbot Av.Shermer, Mrs. H., 212 11thSpatz, Simon, 1224 Washington Av.Stengle, H., 618 MargarettaWeiss, Bernoth, 708 Talbot Av.Weiss, William, 18 Braddock Av.

BradfordGreenwald, D. C.Menkes, Rev. Jacob, 9 Tibbets Av.

CarlisleBerg, Charles, 127 N. LoutherBerg, Miss Selma, 55 S. CollegeBlumenthal, Mose, 32 N. Hanover

CarnegieLipman, Hyman, 218 Main Av.York, Jacob T.

CbambersburgBloom, Eli F., 9 QueenSochs, HermanStine, Isaac

ChesterDunn, Dr. Louis S., 2508 W. 3dGinna, Chas., 26 W. 3dLessy, Alexander E., 2628 W. 3dLevy, Moses, 15 W. 3dTurk, Simon, 532 E. Broad

CoatesvllleBraunstein, Isaac, 587 ChestnutChertok, Myer, 302 W. MainCohen, Harry D.Edelstein, S. M., 624 WalnutEttelson, Joseph, 223 W. MainGinns, James N., 121 W. MainGoldberg, I., 589 ChestnutLipkin, Philip, 585 ChestnutMarcus, J.

ColumbiaGoldman, Jacob, 217 LocustMorris, William, 241 LocustShapeiro, M. J., 32 S. 3dWenger, Louis, 262 Locust

DonoraBickert, Miss EttaHarris, Mrs. Nath. E., The Irondale

East DowningtonDeltz, I. J., 117 Lancaster Av.

Peniisyl-vania

95


Pennsyl- Eastonvania Cohen, Israel, 157 Northampton

Mayer, Horace, 427 Northampton

EdwardsvilleKornofsky, Max

ElizatethtownGrollman, Claude, P. O. Box 102

ErieSPECIAL MEMBERS

Schlosser, B., 434 W. 10thSobel, Isador, 806 State

ANNUAL MEMBERSBaker, Isaac, 501 StateCurrlck, Rabbi Max C, 433 W. 7thSchaffner, M., 134 W. 20thZacks, Jacob H., 320 E. 8th

Exeter BoroughWernick, Rev. D., 1093 Wyoming

Av.Flnleyville

Baer, J. M.

FreelandSteiner, Joseph, 60 S. Center

GreensburgKahanowltz, I.

HarristmrgAbramson, A., 11U7 N. 7thAronson, Chas., 420 WoodbineAstrich, H., 1934 N. 3dClaster, Henry C, 2001 N. 3dCohen, Levin, 718 N. 7thPink. L.. 9 S. Market Sq.Frank, Saul E., 1925 N. 7thGoldsmith, Joseph, 209 LocustGoldstein, Dr. Louis C, 417 NorthGross, Nathan, 2015 N. 6thHandler, B., 1212 N. 3dHirschler, A., Market & Market Sq.Hoffman, Win., 253 BriggsKatzman. Mrs. S., 12(17 N. 7thKimmelman, Nathan, Stranberry

and AberdeenKlein, Jos., 614 StateLevinson, Samuel, 1028 MarketMarcus, Isaac, 13 03 N. 3dMichlovitz, S., 606 FosterNathan, Mrs. Fanny, 24 AberdeenRosenberg, Robert, 1623 MarketWagenhelm, Henry N., 1121 S. 9thWinfleld, M. B., 608 State

HazletonFriedlnnder, Isadore, 715 W. Dia-

mond Av.Friedlander, Max, 103 W. Diamond

Av.Horn, B. F., 42 B. BroadJanowitch, J. H., 128 S. LaurelSchwarz, Ralph, 26 W. BroadSmulyan, S., 239 S. WyomingSteiner, David, 72 N. WyomingWolpaw, Max, 234 N. Hemlock

HomesteadFriedlander, B.. 324 10th Av.Lasdusky, S., 337 8th Av.Schwartz, H. S., 215 4th Av.

HoutzdaleFeldman, Mrs. A.

JenkintownSilverman, I. H.Zugsmith, A. S., 109 Summit Av.

JohnstownGottdiener, Adolf, 103 BroadHolzman, Mrs. C, 118 BroadNathan, M.

LancasterBrash, Mrs. Edw. M.Cohn, B. M., 713 N. DukeCohn, J. W., 551 RocklandDunie, S., 44." S. DukeEdelson, Miss Molly. 257 W. WalnutEisenberg. Rob't. 519 Chester Av.Frank, Martin. 126 E. ClayGansman, A., 508 N. DukeGolden, Isaac, 722 E. KingHirsh, Monroe B.Kotzen. Abraham, 574 RocklandKramer, Louis A., 44 W. LemonLeapman, S., 475 S. DukeLestz, Sam'l 150 N. QueenLevy, Morris, 669 N. ChestnutLichtenstein. B., 352 College Av.Liveright, Howard, 127 College Av.Lurio, M., 709 N. DukeMichelman, J. H., 58 S. FranklinPirosh. Wm., 20 N. QueenRosouthal, Rev. Isidore, 313 N.

DukeRyder, Henry J., 620 N. DukeShaarai Shomayim Congregation

Library, care of Rev. I. RosenthalShear, Dr. L. M., 419 RocklandSher, Ida, 602 St. JosephSherman, Dr. J., 117 S. DukeSiesel, Sam'l, 649 W. Chestnut

96


Winer, P., 525 S. ChristianY. M. H. Assoc, 50 W. KingYaffe, Frank J., 307 Greene

LatrobeLowenstein, Fred, 218 Depot

LebanonBrenner, L., 332 ChestnutCaplan, J.Silberman, MaxSiv, Levi, 25 S. 7th

LeechburgGinzler, Herman

LenightonGruneberg, Leo C.Helligman, SimonOstroff, M.Rauscher, Bmanuel, P. O. Box 40Weiss, Wm, P. O. Box 40

LewistonCohen, H. J.

Lock HavenClaster, HarrisClaster, Morris L., 46 Bald Eagle

LuzerneFreedman, Max

McDonaldBroida, M. R.Levison, M. H.Stine, George

McKeesportAbel, Mark, 584 5th Av.Amper, A. M., 1010 WalnutBook, Max, 109 8thBroder, Fiszel, 423 9th Av.Brown, Eugene, 625 5th Av.Degner, Julius, 125 7thEhrlich, Jos., 105 8th Av.Finkel, Abe., 725 5th Av.Firestone, Henry, 624 5th Av.Firestone, Mrs. Sam'l 621 5th Av.Fisher, Harry, 922 Jenny LandFriedman, Henry, 422 LocustGoldberg, E., 412 School Alley.Haber, Louis J.Halpert, H., 413 Tube WorksKaplan, A., 202 5th Av.Kline, Wm. I., 510 5th Av.Krow, Eugene, Post OfficeMelet, B., 1221 5th Av.Moskowitz Bros., 524 5th Av.

Raden, Louis, 715 5th Av. Pennsyl-Rosenbleet, C. II., 701 6th vaniaRuben, Jos. H., 306 Ruben Bldg.Sunstein. Dr. Noah. 609 Shaw Av.Unger, Jos., 428 9thVictor, I., The SavoyWeiss, Morris Z., 623 5th Av.

McKees RocksGreenberger, Isaac, 211 Chartiers

Av.Ruslander, M., 635 Woodward Av.Simkovitt, Mrs. J. P., 325 Russell-

wood Av.

Mahonoy CitySpoont, B.Young Men's Hebrew Assn.

ManayunkMarshall, Henry, 4343 MainPoland Bros., 4347 MainRubenstein, Max, 4176 Main

Meadow BrookLIBRARY MEMBER

Lit, Samuel D.

MiddletownSilberman Bros.Silberman, Jos.

Monongahela CityGoldstein, Harry

Mount AiryWeyl, Maurice N., 731 Lincoln Drive

Mount JoyBeneman. I. D., E. Main St.Yoffe, Wolf

NanticokeCimmet, Harry, 7 E. MainGoodman, Max, 191 MarketRevzin, B., Market and Main

New CastleCosel, Mrs. Jessie, 35 N. MercerCukerbraum, M. L., 115 E. Wash-

ingtonFeuchtwanger, Mrs. M., 123 N.

MercerJules, David, 615 W. WashingtonLipsins, E. S., cor. N. Mill and Falls

New KensingtonClaster, IsaacKopelman, H., 4th Av. and 11th

97


Pennsyl- Norristownv a m a Bloch, S. B.

Hurwitz, Samuel, 32 W. MainSabelosky, Cbas. A.. 60S W. AiryYellin, Harry, 222 W. Main

NorthamptonNieman, E., 1395 Newport Av.

NorthumberlandHirsch, M., Queen bet. 4th and 5tbTeitelbaum, Mrs. J.

NorwoodGoldbaum, Jacob S.

OaklaneCohn, Harris J., N. W. cor. 68th Av.

and 13thOgontz

Blum, GabrielBowers, A. J. S., Box 264Hirsh, MasonSondhelm, J.

Oil CityHershfield, Mrs. B., 19 Center

OlyphantRaker, K.

ParkesburgKatz, M. C, 404 1st Av.

PhiladelphiaLIFE MEMBERS

Bloch, S. L., Broad and WallaceGusky, MrB. Esther, Majestic HotelLouchheim, Joseph, Estate of, 1421

N. BroadSilberman, Mrs. Simon, 1727 Spring

GardenSnellenburg, Nathan, 12th and

MarketSnellenburg, Samuel, 12th and

MarketTeller, Mrs. Benjamin F., 1727

Spring Garden

PATRONSFels, Maurice, 4305 SpruceFels, Sam'l S., S. E. cor. 39th and

WalnutFlelsher, Edwin A., N. W. cor. 8th

and ChestnutGerstley, Louis, 1411 N. BroadGrabfelder, S., 405 Mariners and

Merchants Bldg.

Miller, Simon, N. E. cor. 16th andPoplar

Segal, Adolph, Hotel MajesticSulzberger, Hon. Mayer, 1303 Gi-

rard Av.Wolf, Albert, 330 N. 12thWolf, Benjamin, 1313 N. BroadWolf, Clarence, 1420 Girard Av.Wolf, Edwin, 1607 N. BroadWolf, Louis, Elkins Park

LIBRARY MEMBERS

Blum, Ralph, 1011 MarketFernberger, Henry, 543 Real Estate

Trust Bldg.Fleisher, Meyer, 2223 GreenFleisher, S. B., 2220 GreenGimbel, Jacob, 9th and MarketKeneseth Israel Congregation,

Broad above Columbia Av.Kohn, Harry E., 1512 ChestnutLit, Jacob D., 8th and MarketMercantile Club. 1422 N. BroadRothschild, E. L., Rothschild Bldg.Wolf, August, 1628 GreenWolf, Edward, 1323 N. BroadYoung Men's Hebrew Association,

1616 Master

SPECIAL MEMBEHS

Aaron, Max N., 217 Apsley, Gtn.Abrahams, Simon, 3119 DiamondAbrahams, William, 3212 Montgom-

ery Av.Allman, Herbert D., 3819 WalnutBamberger, A. J., 1828 Girard Av.Bamberger, L. J., 1421 ChestnutBronner, Maurice H., 4250 ParksideCoons, Mrs. Eva, 1510 Girard Av.Feldenheimer, Joseph, Jefferson and

RandolphFeustmann, Moses, 715 ArchFleisher, Benjamin W., 2301 GreenFleisher, Louis, 2045 GreenFleisher, Samuel S., 2220 GreenFurth, Emanuel, 1218 ChestnutGerstley, William, 1409 N. BroadGimbel, Mrs. Benedict, Hotel Ma-

jesticGimbel, Charles, 1300 N. BroadGreenberg, Solomon, 1337 N. BroadGuckenheimer, Joseph, 117 S. 2dHackenburg, William B., 1211 ArchHackenburg, Mrs. William B., 953

N. 8thHagedorn, Joseph H., S. W. cor.

3d and BrownHecht, Israel, 1218 ChestnutHirschberg, Harry, 308 N. 3dHyneman, J. B.( 420 Walnut

98


Hyneman, S. M., 1634 Land TitleBldg.

Kaufman, Morris, 2110 Spring Gar-den

Kirschbaum, Simon, 1820 SpringGarden

Kohn, Louis, S. W. cor. 8th andVine

Kohn, Samuel, 722 MarketKohn, Simon I., 722 MarketLang, Morris, Hotel LorraineLangsdorf, Isidor. 1432 Oirard Av.Langstadter, I. B.. 426 Mint ArcadeLevy, Max. 220 Roberts Av., Gtn.Liverlght, Mrs. Simon, 910 N. BroadLoeb, Horace, 527 ChestnutLoeb, Leo, 708 Drexel Bldg.Louchheim, Joseph A., 1809 Spring

GardenLubin, S., 21 S. 8thMarcus, Siegfried, 866 N. 10thMarks, Louis, 657 UnionMerz, Mrs. Danl., 1730 Memorial

Av.Merz, Leon. 4060 Parkside Av.Miller, William W., Wm, Penn

TheatreMorris. Wm., 8 N. 13thMuhr, Mrs. Fannie, 2315 N. BroadNeuman, Morris D., 2034 Park Av.Rosenbach, Philip H., 1505 N. 15thRosenhfelm, Mrs. Adolph I., 919 N.

15thRosenthal, Mrs. Harry, 2804 N.

BroadSellg, Emil, Broad and CarpenterSelig, Solomon, 1417 Erie Av.Singer, Jacob, 1218 ChestnutSnellenburg, Joseph N., 2305 N.

BroadStern, Edward, 140 N. 6thStraus, K 1720 Memorial Av.Strouse, Nathan- B., 1936 DiamondSulzberger, J. E., 1303 Glrard Av.Susskind, S. J., 1805 N. 33dSycle, Meyer, 41st & Parkside Av.Teller, O. B., 1201 ChestnutWalter, Henry J., 1218 ChestnutWaltman, Abe, 51 N. 9thWasserman, B. J., Hotel MajesticWasserman, Isaac, 1845 N. 17thWell, David G., 4739 Cedar Av.Weyl, Julius, 140 N. 6thWolf, David, 4220 Parkside Av.Wolf, Herman, 2115 Green

ANNUAL MEMBERSAarons, Alfred L., Penn Sq. Bid?.Abel, Harry, 893 N. 6thAbraham, Ben., 5826 SpruceAbraham, Charles, 1314 N. Perth

Abraham, Henry, 5828 Spruce Pennsyl-Abrahamson. Dr. Philip, 1341 S. 6th vaniaAbramoff, Max, 961 N. 5thAbrams, Louis, 342 QueenAbramson, Louis, 3210 FountainAcron, Dr. John, 421 S. 8thAdath, Jeshurun Library, care of

E. Asher, 1814 Erie Av.Adler, Dr. Cyrus, 2041 N. BroadAisenstein & Gordon, 331 SouthAlexander, B., 1326 ChestnutAlexander, Charles. 800 N. 23dAlkus, Morris, 2018 N. 22dAllman, Justin P., 1508 OxfordAllman, Sydney K., 1522 ChestnutAltman, Chas., 929 SouthAltmnn, Mrs. Rose A.. 102 S. 2dAltman, Tobias, 1417 DiamondAltschuler, Max, 1900 S. 5thAmi-urn, David W., 624 W. Clivedon

Av.Antonoff, J., 3151 Euclid Av.Appel, Alexander M., 720 N. 20thApt, Max, 721 ArchApt, Morris, 721 ArchArnold, Arthur S., S. E. cor. 5th

and WalnutArnold, Miss Corinne B., 1419 Mas-

terArnold, Philip, 2113 Spring GardenAronson, Henry, 1000 Penn Sq.

Bldg.Asher, E., 1814 Erie Av.Asher, Sidney S., S. B. cor. 22d and

WalnutAuerbach. Harry J., 222 S. 57thAustin, Frank J.. 515 SpruceAvrach. I. H., 2009 N. 8thAzoff, G, 901 N. 2dBacharach, Mrs. Augustus, 2114

TiogaBachman, Frank H., 1512 ChestnutBamberger, Arthur J., 12th and

CherryBamberger, Mrs. Fanny, 1913 Gtr-

ard Av.Barenbaum, Dr. L., 1515 S. 6thBauer, Gustav, 1817 VenangoBauer, Jacob, 330 N. 12thBaum, Isidore, 1723 DiamondBaum, L. S., 3216 DiamondBaum, Nathan, 2125 Gratz Av.Baum, Samuel, 13 2 N. BroadBaylson, Mary, 1526 S. 22dBayuk, Max, N. E. cor. 3d and

SpruceBedner, Louis, 518 SpruceBeerger. Bernard, 710 S. 5thBehal, Harry S., 1339 ChestnutBehrend, Jacob, 419 Locust Av.P.ehrend, Dr. Moses. 1427 N. BroadBelber, Aaron S., 1641 N. Hancock

99


Pennsyl- Belber, Dr. M. Y., 516 Pinevania Bell, Louis, S. B. cor. 5th and

JacksonBellak, Dr. Asher S., 1240 S. 6thBelmont, Leo, 1905 N. 32dBenamy, Max J., 314 ReedBender, N., 5010 Germantown Av.Bellitz, Sam'l, 273 S. 5thBendlner, Herman, 1701 W. Erie

Av.Bennett, Abraham, 3764 BouvinBenoliel, S. D., 4508 LocustBerg, Abram, 887 N. 23dBerg, Miss Gertrude, 3331 N. 16thBerg, Joel M., 3115 N. 16thBerg, Max, 1017 MarketBerger, Maurice, 925 N. 6thBergman, A., 5129 Germantown Av.Berkman, A., 2610 N. 33dBerkowltz, Abraham, 1908 S. 6thBerkowltz, Rev. Dr. Henry, 1823

N. 33dBerlinberg, David, S. E. cor. 8th

and PoplarBerliner, I., 1032 S. RandolphBerlizheimer, D. T., 2020 N. Park

Av.Berman, Aaron, 6019 MarketBerman, Aron, 815 N. 8thBerman, Dr. Jacob I., 1635 S. 5thBerman, Julius, N. E. cor. 61st and

VineBerman, Louis, 6019 MarketBernheim, Dr. Albert, 1225 SpruceBernhelmer, Leo G., 4535 Pulaski

Av.Bernstein, S., 4344 Germantown Av.Bernstein, Sam'l, 2315 S. 10thBettelheim, Fred, 1731 Marlton Av.Biberman, Jacob M., 1906 N. 23dBiberman, Joseph, 1410 N. 13thBiberman, Lewis, 1932 N. 23dBichowsky, Barnett, 511 84thBiernbaum, M., 926 Stephen Girard

Bldg.BInswanger, Barnet, 1619 N. 16thBiolislozky. J.. 3032 Euclid Av.Blanckensee, Leon, 1804 N. 26thBlank, Ed., 722 N. NnrrisBlank, David, 1521 S. 6thBlieden, Gustave L.t 605 Stephen

Girard Bldg.Blieden, Dr. Maurice S., 1318 S. 5thBlitzstein, Mrs. A., 4th and Lom-

bardBloch, Mrs. M., 1633 N. 33dBloom, Sam'l S., 1915 N. 33dBlum, I.. Bank of CommerceBlumenthal, H., 1921 Park Av.Blumenthal, W., 614 MarketBochroch. Dr. M. H., 1539 PineBodek, W., 527 Market

Bornfriend, Aug., 1738 N. FranklinBordowsky, Geo.. 430 SouthBornstein, B., 1512 FranklinBortin, David, 1218 ChestnutBraderman, Dr. S., N. W. cor. 5th

and CarpenterBradhurd, Louis, 608 PoplarBrahim, Sam'l J., 2000 S. 12thBraslousky, Hairy, 605 S. 4thBrav, Dr. Aaron, 917 SpruceBrav, Dr. Herman A.. 1933 N. BroadBrawerman, Wm, 537 PineBredt, Dr. Martin, 1626 S. 4thBrenner, Harry A., 515 PineBrenner, Morris W., 2012 S. 10thBreskin, Asher, 8th and DickinsonBrian, Alexander J., Land Title

Bldg.Brill Bros., 1004 PineBrister, Dr. Sam'l, 1946 N. 32dBronner, Mrs. H.. 1011 DiamondBrooks, Harry, 927 S. 46thBrosofsky, David, 505 LombardBroude, Herman J., 812 S. 2dBrown, Sam'l J.. 3208 TurnerBruck, Dr. S., 605 N. 6thBrunhild, L., 253 N. 3dBryiawskl, M., 3236 BerksBrylawsky, Mrs. Ed., 626 W. Clive-

don Av.Buchsbaum, S., & Son. 1211 S. 4thBucks, Alfred A., 2263 N. Park Av.Burak, Morris. 1907 N. 33dBurd, A. M.. 1719 N. FranklinBurger, Rabbi, 1508 N. 8thBurnstein, Jacob I., 1936 N. 7thBurstein, H., 4187 Leidy Av.Busch, Joseph, 426 S. 60thBuschel, Jos., 751 S. 2dByer, Joseph, 1106 N. 40thBythiner, Louis, 1715 MasterCahan, L. H., 218 S. 4thCantor, David S., 2010 N. 21stCantor, Harry L., 2943 Frankfort

Av.Cantor, M. H., 5140 Parkslde Av.Caplan, Jacob L.. 208 N. 50thCarlln, Sam'l, 916 FilbertCherry, Rob't, 1605 N. 6thChessin, Sam'l, 628 ReedCohen, Dr. A. J., 723 PineCohen, Albert, 5725 CedarCohen, C. J., 508 LudlowCohen, Mrs. C. J., 334 S. 21stCohen, Edward I., 2542 N. MarstonCohen, H., 36 S. 58thCohen, H., 417 S. 60thCohen, Harry, 1744 N. MarshallCohen, Dr. J. S., 1734 S. 7thCohen, Joseph I., 1715 DiamondCohen, Mrs. Judith S., 1537 N. 8th

100


Cohen, Miss Kathcrine, 1814 N.Broad

Cohen, Louis, 518 PineCohen, Max, 16 S. 3dCohen, Dr. Max, 784 S. 3dCohen, Milton M., 1108 Real Estate

Trust Bldg.Cohen, Dr. Myer Solis, 4102 Girard

Av.Cohen, Ralph, 332 ReedCohen, Dr. S. Soils, 1525 WalnutCohen, Sam, 1725 Columbia Av.Cohlberg, .1., 1330 LyconicConn, Albert S., 2548 N. 17thCohn, Bernard R., 1838 N. 32dCohn, Mrs. E., 3013 DiamondCohn, Gustav, 5518 N. LawrenceCohn, Sam'l M., 3041 BerksCollin, Martin, 925 ChestnutCooper, I. H.. 1332 N. 6thCooper, .T., 1105 PoplarCooper, Sam'l, 3819 CambridgeCooperman, Dr. M. B., 833 S. 3dCornfeld, Abraham. 213 N. 22dCowan, Mori-is .T., 2832 Girard Av.Coyne, Marshall A., 2R00 N. BroadCramer, Sam'l, 701 ChestnutCravls, Myer. 1817 N. 32dCrown, Abe, 1244 SouthDalsimer, Leon, Lorraine HotelDaniel, Miss Dorothy, 3336 N. 15thDaniel. G., 2022 WallaceDannenhaum, Morris, 808 ArchDarevsky, Myer, 428 TaskerDashevsky, Ellis, 5026 Germantown

Av.Davidson, Max, 2420 N. 33dDegensteln, David. 1210 RaceDeutsch, Samuel, 2314 N. Park Av.De Young, Bertram I., 5990 Wood-

bine AY.Diamond. Dr. H. N., 2123 S. 5thDichter, Morris, 1001 Moyamensing

Av.Dilsheimer, P., 3021 DiamondDintenfass, Benjamin, 421 Lafayette

Bldg.Donsky. I., 339 N. FrontDreer, Benj., 4215 MainDreifus, Emannel, 619 Arcade Bldg.Dreifus. M.. 1529 DiamondDubin, Dr. S. M., 1112 N. 40thDulynsky, Oscar. 1804 N. 7thEckstein, Wm., 1809 N. 11thEdelman, Rev. S., 1621 N. FranklinEdelsman, Philip. 319 S. 13thEdelstein, L., 3216 N. DauphinEhrlich, Jos.Eichholz, Adolph. 360 Bullitt Bldg.Eilberg, Harry. 807 McClellanEinfeld. William J., N. W. cor. 8th

and South

Eiseman, Frank F., 817 2d Pennsyl-Eliel, Mrs. L. S., 1421 N. Broad vaniaEllis Bros., 329 PineEllman, B., 47 N. 6thElmaleh, Rev. Leon H., 2226 N.

BroadEmanuel, Jacob, N. W. cor. 2d and

VineEnglander, Sam'l, Crozer Bldg.Entine, Louis, S. W. cor. 19th and

ParrishEpstein, .Tacob, 249 S. 8thEshner, Dr. A. A., 1019 SpruceEspen, Frank B., 4200 Parkside Av.Espen, Miss Hannah, 1908 Spring

GardenEstis, Woolf, 709 SansomFagsen, Nathan, 2004 Girard Av.Farbish, Sydney A., 3216 Monument

Av.Fayer, Jos. A., 1206 SouthFeigenbaum, B., 2442 N. 19thFeinberg, H., 621 MarketFeinberg, Louis, 413 ChristianFeinsteln, Dr. A., 638 N. 6thFeinstein, Louis, 1000 S. 4thFeinsteln, Meyer A., N. E. cor 10th

and PoplarFeldman, Dr. David, 1334 S. 4thFeldman, M., cor. 5th and PineFeldman, Manuel. 946 N. FranklinFeldman, N., 3121 Euclid Av.Feldman, S. H., 1032 PoplarFeldman, Samuel, 151S N. 8thFelix, Harry. 230 Mint ArcadeFellheimer. Abe, 2324 N. 17thFellman, Dr. M. W., 2356 N. FrontFels, Joseph. 4305 SpruceFernberger, Herman, 1825 N. 17thFerst, Abe, 310 DickinsonFtnberg, B.. 635 WalnutFineman, Dr. Harry, 1338 N. Frank-

linFineman, Hayim. 421 S. 8thFineman, Samuel S., 4036 Parkside

Av.Finkel, Wm., 46th and SansomFisch. Flyman. 718 PineFischler.' Herman, 1316 N. 12thFisher, Dr. Lewis. 1322 S. 5thFlshman, Sam., 769 S. 4thFleischman, Rev. S. M., 342 Church

LaneFletsher, Mrs. A., 40th & Girard Av.Fleisher, Alfred W.. 1625 OxfordFleisher, Arthur A.. 2301 GreenFleisher, Maurice T.. 2223 GreenFleisher, Penrose, 1512 ChestnutFleisher, Walter A., 3422Fleisher, Willis, 1829 N. 17thFlomenhoft, Herman C, 1912 S.

17th

27 101


nns'-i- Folz, Leon H., 009 Walnutvania Fonarton, Dr. Theo. D., N. W. cor.

7th and MlfflinForman, Alex S., 2804 Kensington

Av.Forman, Mrs. E., 417 S. 5thFox, Chas. Edwin. Drexel Bldg.Fox. Louis, 2104 MarvineFrank, Jacob S., 2023 Spring Gar-

denFrank, Martin, 718 ArchFrank, Robert, 104 N. 50thFrank, William It.. 508 N. FranklinFrankel, Arnim, S. \V. cor. Front

and DauphinFrankel, Dr. ,1. J., 1314 S. 5thFrankel, Terry, 1025 N. 33dFrechie, M. S., 2109 OntarioFree Library, N. E. cor. 13th and

LocustFreedman, Aaron, :',228 OxfordFreedman, Jos., 627 N. 56thFreedman, Leon, 1413 S. 16thFreides, Dr. R., 1333 S. 6thFreund, Hugo, 12] 5 MarketFrey, Nathan Louis, 4920 Parkside

Av.Friedman, A., 5810 ChestnutFriedman Adolph. 539 SouthFriedman, B. C, 624 S. 7thFriedman, Isldor J.. 419 LocustFriedman, Lionel, 2316 TiogaFriedman, S. H., 1408 N. 4thFriedman, Sam'] G.. 330 WalnutFriedrich, Harry, 704 ParrlshFrommer, Abraham. 3108 W. BerksFuternik, Benj., 2214 N. 15thGanopolsky, Rev. Moses, 1804 N. 7thGans, Aaron, 2020 GreenGarlic, Simon, 1911 N. 18thGorlin, Harry L., 3135 Euclid Av.Gartman, Dr. Leo N., 523 PineGealt, Maurice H. C, 1805 S. 5thGeffen, Jos., 1429 S. 5thGerber, Frederic, 15th & ThompsonGerber, Miss Minnie. 518 W. CoulterGerson, Felix N., 2131 GreenGerson, M. S., 315 S. 5thGerstley, Mrs. Henry. 1622 N. 15thGetzow, Jacob H., 322 S. 2dGetzow, Dr. Jos. A., 251 PineGilbert, B. I., 868 N. 6thGilberg, Dora, 868 N. 8thGilbert, Albert. 2934 RichmondGlmbel, Mrs. Ellis A., 906 N. BroadGinns, Dr. R. S., 7222 Germantown

Av.GInsburg, Jos., 1347 Germantown

Av.Ginsburg, Jos., 1029 RaceGInsburg, Louis S., 1208 Common-

wealth Bldg.

Ginsburg, Dr. S. A., 1011 S. 4thGInzburg, A., 246 S. 3dGlttleson, Dr. Sam. J., 1017 SpruceGlass, Dr. A. S., N. E. cor. 6th and

DickinsonGoepp, Miss Judith, 57th and Elm-

wood Av.Goldberg, David, 850 N. FranklinGoldberg, Jacob, 2136 EllsworthGoldberg, Dr. Jos M., 720 N. Frank-Goldberg, Dr. Maurice, 1408 S. 6thGoldberg, Dr. S., 1221 N. 7thGoldberg. S., 5520 LocustGolden, Max. 4304 Westminster Av.Golden, Morris H., 1611 S. Moya-

mensing Av.Goldensky, Ellas, 1705 ChestnutGoldfarb, J., 822 S. 5thGoldfeder, Dr. Chas. B., 868 N. 8thGoldhaber. J., 5th and WhartonGoldhaft, Dr. Arthur D.. 527 PineGolding, Chas., 729 WolfGoldman, L., 2004 N. 18thGoldman, Moses, H., 234 N. 3dGoldman, Simon, 1429 N. 7thGoldner, Blias, 416 N. 2dGoldring, Chas., 729 WolfGoldshlder, Nathan, 505 S. 3dGoldsmith, Edwin M., 143 E.

Coulter, Gtn.Goldsmith, Joseph, 1835 DiamondGoldsmith, Miss Katherlne, 1311

Columbia Av.Goldstein, E. C, 1512 Girard Av.Goldstein, J., 1013 N. 40thGoldstein, S.. 1707 N. 11thGoodfriend, Louis, 1823 Mt. VernonGoodfrlend, M. H., 3213 Susque-

hanna Av.Goodfrlend, S.. 2823 DiamondGoodman, J. II., 908 N. BroadGoodsteln, Jos. J., 415 Fairmount

Av.Gorchov, Morris. 1P40 N. 21stGordon, Dr. Alfred, 1430 PineGordon, Dr. Benjamin L., 1316 S.

5thGordon, Dr. F. A., 513 N. 2dGotfrey, M., 841 CrossGottlieb, Isaac, 519 N. 4t.bGottlieb, Morris, 2310 E. Allegheny

Av.Gottlieb, Nathan J., 519 MarketGownrd, Geo., 1616 N. MarshallGrabosky, Samuel, 118 N. 3dGraboves, Morris 938 N. 2dGradess, Dr. Michael, 2932 N. 6thGraltcer. Sam'l, 2025 S. 4thGrata Alumni Assoc. care of Sec'y

of (Iratz College, Broad and YorkGratz, College, Broad and York

102


Green, Herman B., 1626 N. Mar-shall

Green, Dr. Max, 1600 S. 4thGreen, Sam'l, 2139 S. 8thGreen. Samuel, 1527 N. 6thGreenbaum, Maurice M., 1114

Passayunk AT.Greenbaum, Mrs. Max, 1850 N. 19thGreenberg, A. Puhrman, 1803 N.

18thGreenberg, I-Iyman, N. E. cor. 40th

and PoplarGreenberg, Jacob, 733 S. 5thGreenblatt, Harry, 540 ReedGreenblatt, M., N. W. cor. 3d and

MonroeGreenebaum, Albert, 1735 Mont-

gomery Av.Greenebaum, Simon, 2327 Park Av.Greenfield. Albert M., 1510 Real

Estate Trust Bldg.Greenfield, Harry, 412 S. 60thGreenfield, S., 311 r> Euclid Av.Greenhouse, M. E., 1507 N. 16thGreenspan, Dr. Leon .T., 1520 N.

FranklinGreensteln, M., 538 TaskerGreenstone, Dr. Julius II., 915 N.

8thGreenwald, Jos. L.. 404 S. 42dGribbel, John, 1513 RaceGrosner. Abe, 529 MooreGross, Rev. A., 1024 N. FranklinGross, Abraham, 1824 N. FranklinGross, Harry, 408 S. 5thGross, Jos., Bulletin Bldg.Grossman, Aaron, 3207 DiamondGrossman, Chas., 1208 Common-

wealth BldK.Grossman. Rabbi Jacob B., 1712 N.

MarshallGrossman, Rabbi Jos., 503 TaskerGrossman, Solomon, 719 N 5thGrushlaw, Sam'l. 1010 RaceGubler, Fred, 5928 N. Park Av.Gusdorff. Albert, 2320 N. BroadGutes. Charles, 6702 MusgraveGutzait, David, 603 N. 6thGutzeit, Chas. S., 323 MantonGwlrtz, Louis, 954 N. 2dHaber, Jos. B., 1830 NatronaHaber, Morris, 1627 N. 33dHadler, Sam'l, 1811 N. 33dHagedorn, Mrs. J. J., 3d and

BrownHahn, Frank E., 1309 N. BroadHahn, Henry, 2103 W. OntarioHalmowich, J., 803 WhartonHammerschlag, P., 1710 N. Mar-

shallHano, Horace, 1207 ChestnutHarris. Bernard, 1201 Chestnut

Harris, L., 825 N. 7th Pennsyl-Harrison, Archie, 2007 Moyamen- vania

sing Av.Hassler, Isaac, 2261 N. 21stHebrew Sunday School Society, care

of F. M. Newhouse, Supt., 10thand Carpenter

Hebrew Sunday School Society,care of Miss A. J., Allen, 1412N. 13th

Hecht, Herman L., 1004 Betz Bldg.Heidelberger, Chas., 961 N. Frank-

linHeidelberger and Co., 219 S. 2dHeider, Wm., 1604 S. 6thHellbron, Mrs. S., 4252 Parkside

Av.Heilbroner, Abe., Jefferson and Ran-

dolphHeine, Sam'l, 1936 N. 7thHelfand. David, 318 S. 2dHeller, Max, 146 VineHenly, Elkan, 16th and ReedHenly, Jacob, 831 ArchHerbach, Jos., 2611 N. HollywoodHerold, H., 1723 Columbia Av.Herson, Morris, 353 DickinsonI-Tei-zbercr, G.. 1715 ChestnutHerzberg, Max, Commonwealth

Bldg.Hess, Mrs. L. B., 1903 N. 33dHeyman, Ruth, 4150 N. BroadHeyne, Hpnry. 1547 S. 7thHiiborn, D. S., 2146 N. 12thHillerson, David, 94S FranklinHillerson, Dr. M. S., 422 GreenHlrsh, Mrs. A., Hotel MajesticHlrsh, Gabriel, 2311 GreenHirsh, H. B., 2215 GreenHirsh, Ralph B., 608 ChestnutHoffman, Harry M., 914 N. 6thHoffman, Morris, 919 MooreHorn, P., 7917 Eastwick Av.Horwitz, B., 2608 RichmondI-Iorwitz, H., 4408 Lancaster Av.Horwitz, Meyer, 1529 N. 6thHouseman, Harry A., Byberry Rd.

and ProctorHurowitz, Jacob, 1940 YorkHuslk, Isaac, 408 S. 9thHyman, Dr. Davis D., 2047 TiogaIlloway, Bernard A., Bulletin Bldg.Ingber, David A., 515 TaskerIngber, David M., 80th and Gibson

Av.Isko, Henry, 5326 WalnutIskoe, Sam'l, 3042 BerksIsman, Felix, South Penn Sq.Israelowitz, Ellis, 7th and WhartonJackson, I. Irwin, 806 Real Estate

Trust Bldg.

103

41S AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK

Feiuisyl- Jacobs. Miss Ella. 1503 Girard Av.vama Jacobs, H., 700 N. 4th

Jacobs, Dr. L., 531 SouthJacobs, Reuben, 1813 N. 33dJacobs, Samuel, 1540 N. GratzJacobson, H. M., 33d and DauphinJaffe, Isaac,, 2449 N. 32dJamison, Abraham, 1322 N. Frank-

linJamison, Jacob, 1730 N. FranklinJastrow, The Misses, 2106 Spring

GardenJastrow, Dr. Morris, Jr., 248 S.

23dJessar, B. Z., 1748 OrthodoxJonas, Henry, 1847 N. Park Av.Jonas, Loo C. 3115 .Montgomery Av.Jurist, Dr. Louis, 016 N. BroadKnbacoff, Morris, 242 N. 2dKahaner, A., 43S WintonKahn, M., 6533 (iprmantown Av.Kahn, Sol., 2230 N. 13thKalish, Morris E., 727 N. r,thKamen, Jacob W., 834 N. 7thKanien, Nathan, 4"7 N. 6thKamens, Isaac, 1334 FranklinKamholz, Henry, 3318 N. BroadKandell, Geo., 1213 N. FranklinKanersky, Dr. Louis, 1732 S. 7thKannerstein, Gregory. 1511 S. (ithKaplan, Chas. M., 2313 TlogaKaplan, Nathan, 621 TaskerKaplan, Nathan, 1546 N. FranklinKaplan, W., 432 PineKarmatz, I., 250 SouthKarmel, Harry N., 2335 S. 8thKarstaedt, Louis. 5806 ChestnutKatz, Arnold, 716 WalnutKatz, B., 605 MiffllnKatz, Harry P., 206 Betz Bldg.Katz, Marcus, N. E. cor. 18th and

DiamondKatz. Morris, 604 N. 6thKatz, Mrs. Rose. 4030 PoplarKatz, Simon, 431 WalnutKatz. Wm., 724 N. 7thKauffman, Louis, 1520 N. 8thKaufman. Eugene M., 617 W. Hort-

terKaufman, Wm., 530 W. GirardKayser, Samuel, 1522 ChestnutKeen, DavidKeisler, Jacob, 412 S. 5thKerstine. Harry E., 3632 N. 17thKesnetzky. S., 002 N. 4thKeyser, Eli S., 2543 S. DarionKeyser, Jacob S., 1836 S. 7thKImmelman, Dr. S., 1330 S. 4thKind. Frank, Lorraine HotelKlrpichinknff, Abraham. 1538 S. 4thKlrschbaum, Mrs. A., 1315 N. Broad

Kirschbaum, David, Broad andCarpenter

KIrson, Sam, 1050 S. 4thKtty, Zigmund, 1010 RaceKlebansky, Wolf, 246 S. 3dKlein, Abraham, 2647 W. Lehigh

Klein", Alfred M., 927 MarketKlein, B., 3626 York Rd., TiogaKlein, Joseph, 219 VineKlein, Rabbi Max D., 1712 MarshallKline, Ignatz, 1941 N. 33dKline, Jacob A., 935 N. RandolphKoch, Dr. I. M., 2302 GreenKohn, Abr. M., 1847 N. 17thKohn, Arnold, The BrantwoodKohn, Dr. Bernard, 1325 N. 13thKohn, Isidore, 1607 N. BroadKohn, Dr. M., 908 S. 5thKohn, Mrs. Martha. 1320 FranklinKohn, Simon, 258 N. 9thKoppelman, I., 828 N. 2dKopperman. Wm.. 025 N. FranklinKramer, Ell L., 3011 W. PageKrasner, M., 3133 Columbia Av.Kraus, Sol. C, 512 S. 5thKraus. Sydney, 3250 N. BroadKrauskopf, Rev. Dr. Joseph, 4715

Pulaski, Gtn.Krauskopf, L., 1545 N. FranklinKravitzov, Sam, 1008 S. RandolphKrengel. Chas., N. E. cor. 5th and

SouthKricheff, David, 1110 Germantown

Av.Krieger, S., 1R10 N. 18thKruglin, L., 951 N. 8thKrulak, S.. 1646 N. MarshallKun, Jos. L., Betz Bldg.Kurtz, Robt, 1840 N. 32dLabe, Mrs. Jacob, 2227 GreenLam, Charles, 3412 N. 21stLande, Marcus, 960 N. RandolphLande, Samuel, 850 N. 5thLandesberg, Jacob. 880 N. 8thLandow, Morris. 1607 N. 10thLang, G. H., 211% Arcade Bldg.Lang, Isaac M., 1324 JeffersonLangfeld, A. M., 2016 GreenLangfeld, Morris F., 1849 N. 17thLasch, Samuel, 934 Ridge Av.Lavine, Lawrence S., 722 Moa'eLavinsky, M., 1128 PinoLeberman. Mrs. A.. 2229 N. 12thLederer, Ephraim, 707 Bailey Bldg.Lefkoe, Louis, 57 N. 8thLehman, Morris A., 432 SpruceLehmann, C, 5010 LocustLeof, Ph., 613 N. 4thLeopold. Dr. Isaac, 1428 N. BroadLeopold, Dr. Sam'l, 1632 FranklinLerner, Abr., 813 Poplar

104


Lesse, Sam'l, 3224 Monument Av.Levan, Maur, 239 S. 5thLeventhal, Morris B.. 1326 FrazerLeventhal, N. 3842 PoplarLeventhal, Nathan, 1304 N. 12thLevey, Nathan M., N. E. cor. 8th and

ParrishLevey, Sam. J., 633 ReedLevi, I. D., 943 N. 8thLevi, Julius C, 3016 DiamondLevi, Rubin, 1011 Betz Bldg.Levi, S. George, 2046 N. 18thLevin, A. E., 252 S. 60thLevin, Harry, 1332 N. 6thLevin, I., 1700 S. 5thLevin, Don, 234 S. 9thLevin, Magnus, 2212 N. FrontLevin, Sam'l, 1530 S. 6thLevin, Simon, 939 N. 7thLevine, Max, 3219 Monument Av.Levinthal, Rev. B. L., 716 PineLevinthal, Jacob A., 1009 S. 3dLevitt, J., 269 N. 9thLevitt, Dr. M. Lewis, 1224 S. 4thLevy, Benjamin F., 1507 DiamondLevy, Dr. Jacob, 1739 S. 4thLevy, Dr. Jacob, 3044 Frankford Av.Levy, L. E., 1424 N. 15thLevy, Raphael, 2265 N. Park Av.Lewis, Maurice L., 1941 S. 6thLewis, Wm. M., 1914 N. 3dLichtensteln, M., 933 MarketLieber, Leo, 854 N. 8thLieberman, Albert H., 5th and

WhartonLieberman, Alexander, 436 SpruceLieberman, Herman, 882 N. 6thLieberman, Morris. 1830 N. 7thLieberman, S., 722 SansomLiebman, Philip, 941 N. FranklinLight, Albert A., 431 P. 20thLight, Isidore, 620 GreenwichLilienblum, Dr. L. J.. 1923 S. 4thLincoln, L. H.. 1428 N. 7thLindauer, Dr. Eugene. 2018 N. 3dLindienbaum, Dr. S. M., 1809 N. 7thLinse, A. S., 4108 N. BroadLipkowltch, Sam., 228 PineLipscheutz, I. L., 2019 N. 33dLipschuetz, Gustav, 1419 DiamondLipschutz, Sol. G.. 1!>25 N. 8thLipshutz, Ben.i. W., 1119 Passayunk

Av.Lipshutz, Chas., 614 PoplarLisakoff, Meyer, 939 S. 5thLisan, M. F., 134 N. 61stLisberger, L., 1307 MarketLiveright, Louis, 718 N. 20thLiveright, Max, Hotel MajesticLodge, S., 928 PoplarLoeb, A. B., 1417 Erie Av.Loeb, Adolph, 1720 Memorial Av.

Loeb, Arthur, 1510 Oxford Pennsyl-Loeb, Edward, 4200 Parkside Av. vaniaLoeb, Ferdinand L.t 10th and

MarketLoeb, Mrs. Harry, 1853 N. 17thLoeb, Herbert B., 1525 PoplarLoeb, Herbert E., 1422 N. 16thLoeb, Howard A., 431 ChestnutLoeb, J., 5442 ChestnutLoeb, Dr. Ludwig, 1421 N. 15thLoeb, Rudolf, Hotel MajesticLoeb, Simon, The LorraineLoeb, Victor A., 1901 N. 8thLoewenherg, Dr. Samuel, 1528 S.

5thLouchheim, Samuel K., Betz Bldg.Love, Miss E. E., 1224 WalnutLove, Dr. J. D., 315 PineLowengrund, Ernest, Land Title

Bldg.Lowenstein, B., 3117 DiamondLubin, Dr. Cecelia, 840 Eastwick

Av.Lupin, Dr. E. J., 2221 N. 33dMagid, Jos., 469 N. MarshallMagil, Myer, 532 N. MarshallMaleckson, Philip S., 216 N. 50thMalen, Jacob, 909 McKeonMalshick, Jacob. 414 MonroeManasses, Dr. J. L., 3110 DiamondMandel, David, Jr., 3218 DiamondMann, David I.. 1004 N. HowardMann, Jacob, 1918 FranklinMargolies, H. S., 2229 N. 33dMargolin, A. J., 203 S. 5thMargolis, Dr. Max, 1519 DiamondMargulis, Morris, 125 ChurchMarkmann, M. Jacob, 2423 N.

Park Av.Markowitz Bros., 323 MarketMarkowitz, Morris, 614 N. 2dMarks, Emanuel, 1717 Spring Gar-

denMarks, Dr. M.. 607 N. 6thMarks, Win., 1717 Spring GardenMasel, Isaac, 1632 N. MarshallMash, Solomon, 1606 S. 5thMashbitz, R. E., 2209 S. 9thMastbaum, Jules E., 1827 N. BroadMastbaum, Stanley V., 2311 N.

Park Av.Matusow, Harry, 323G W. NorrisMatrick, Myer, S91 N. 6thMatt, Isaac, 403 E. HninesMayer, A. B., 407 N. 3dMayer, Alfred, 903 N. 8thMayer, Clinton O., 907 N. 16thMayer, Fanny W., Hotel LorraineMayer, G. H., 72S SansomMayer, I., 1620 N. Broad

105


Pennsyl- Mayer, Jacob, Lorraine Hotelvania Mayer, The Misses, The Majestic

Mayer, Morris B., 407 N. 3dMedoff, Jos., 2135 N. 13thMeier, David, 3123 Kensington Av.Melslor, M. M., 817 S. 5thMelamed, Rabbi Raphael Hal, 1712

N. MarshallMelnicoff, Dr. J., 925 N. 4thMeltzer, A., 821 N. 6thMendelsohn, M., 1510 TiogaMeslrov, H. S., 1610 Real Estate

Trust Bldg.Meyers, D., Jr., 2120 N. GratzMichael, Leon, 3530 N. 10thMlckve Israel Congregation School,

Broad and YorkMilgrim, Abe, 2459 N. IWdMiller, A., 511 TaskerMiller, A. E., 1827 N. 17thMiller, B. F., 227 ChurchMiller, Charles, 16th and IleedMiller, D., 831 ReedMiller, Harry, 940 N. 6thMiller, Harry M., 1009 Common-

wealth Bldg.Miller, J., 9 S. 5thMiller, Jacob, 16th and ReedMiller, Solomon, 1710 Mt. VernonMink, Chas. W., 9th and MlfflinMinsky, Jack, 713 N. 5thMoise, Albert L., 1421 ChestnutMorals School, 4115 Lancaster Av.Morris, Louis, 214 SouthMOBS, Joseph, 333 SouthMyers, Dr. I., 1504 N. 7thMyers, Paul M., 1914 N. 7thNadlca, Aaron, 700 N. 45thNathan, Rev. Marvin, 2213 N. Na-

tronaNathan, Sam'l, 875 MninNathanson, H. M., 12th and MarketNelson, Ben.)., 988 N. 7thNelson, Hyman, 1334 S. 6thNewburger, Frank L.. 2016 GreenNewhouse, Florence, 428 Mint Ar-

cadeNewmayer, Dr. S. W., 1306 PineNichols, Miss M., S. E. cor. 3d and

PineNorinsky, M., 713 S. 5thNovack, J. L., 1017 S. 4thNusbaum, Elias, 143 W. SharpnackNusbaum, Isaac, 153 W. SharpnackObermayer, Leon J., 614 Franklin

Bldg.Ochs, Geo. W., Public LedgerOldstein, Dr. H. J., 1322 S. 5thOrlow, Sam'l, 958 N. RandolphOrolowltz, Louis, 326 SouthOrsher, Dr. Isaac A., N. W. cor 7th

and Mifflin

Oser, Harris E., 3214 ArlingtonOstheim, Isaac, 3114 N. BroadOstheimer, Wm. J., 10th and Chest-

nutOwaroff, Dr. A., 886 N. 6thParris, Dr. B. M., 1045 S. 5thPaterzell, Abram, 3826 Girard Av.Pereyra, Miss Aimee, 1529 N. 7thPerlberg, Isidor, 1625 N. 33dPerlberg, Nathan, 3937 PennsgrovePerlman, I., 132 NewPerlstein, Morris, 3026 OxfordPetchon, Jacob, 1541 N. 20thPetrosky, Harry, 2414 N. HowardPfaelzer, Frank A., 1522 N. 17thPfaelzer, Morris, 1524 N. 16thPhillips, Chas. I., 2003 N. 12thPhillips, David, 14 S. BroadPinsky, M., 2622 E. MadisonPinsky, Morris, 1712 E. Moyamen-

sing Av.Ptntzuk, Sol, 21 N. 9thPleat, Louis, 1417 S. LawrencePockras, Louis. 2514 S. MarshallPockrass, Bernard, Drexel Bldg.Podolnick, Louis, 322 SouthPodolsky, N. 709 SansomPolikoff, Bernard, 611 N. 6thPollock, Charles O., 1719 N. 8thPollock, Louis, 873 N. 23dPomerantz, M., 700 S. 5thPosner, John, 1545 S. 7thPoulshock, J., 4132 LancasterPowell, Louis, 807 TaskerPresser, S., 225 N. 34thPressman, H. H., 634 N. MarshallPrizaut, Harry M., 818 N. 11thQuinto, O. B.Rabinowitz, Reuben, 1719 CrelghtenRader, D., 5504 Chester Av.Raditz, Lazar, 743 N. 26thRaflo, LouisRand, Mrs. B., 2225 N. 33dRapoport, Julius, N. W. cor. Front

and ChristianRappaport, Benj.. 3234 ArlingtonRappaport, Dr. M., 527 S. 5thRefsen. Netor, 3026 BerksReinish, J. C, 1813 N. NatronaRice, Miss Anna B.. 1216 N. 30thRice, J. J., 1721 N. 15thRichman, Jos. A., 2429 N. 33dRlchman, Dr. M., 1822 S. 5thRiesman, Dr. David, 1715 SpruceRittenberg, Henry R., S. E. cor.

10th and WalnutRivkind, Jacob, 3849 CambridgeRivkind, Rev. Moses, 319 S. 5thRobbins, G. David, 1614 S. 6thRobiezek, Henry, 327 Eartham Ter-

race

106


Robinjson, Abraham, 3223 Monu-ment Av.

Rod, Isaac M., 56 N. HirstRoedelheim, Mrs. Ida, 1823 N. 17thRogasner, Sol., 1810 N. 11thRoggenburger, Mrs. A., 3d and

CherryRollick, Jacob, 602 ReedRoseman, Jacob, 1029 S. 3dltosen, Morris, 411 MooreRosenau, Chas. I., 1508 Guard Av.Rosenau, Simon, 4202 Parkside Av.Rosenbaum, H., 2139 GreenRosenbaum, M., 509 3dRosenbaum, Samuel, 1733 N. 32dRosenberg, Max, 834 SouthRosenberg, Morris, 715 FranklinRosenblatt, Max, 721 ArchRosenblatt, S., 2605 Germantown

Av.Rosenblum, Sophie, 3127 Rklge Av.Rosenglik, FI., 1430 S. 5thRosenman, B., 1936 N. 32dRosensteln, Alfred A., 2131 W.

OntarioRosenstein, Dan'l, 135 Fairmount

Av.Rosenthal, Harry, 2S04 N. BroadRosenthal, Louis, 2428 N. 6thRosenthal, P., 145 N. 60thRosenthal, Dr. Win. S., 832 N. 24thRosin, Sig. M., 2142 Gratz Av.Rosskam, William B., 2013 N. 33dRothenhelm, Solomon M., 925 Chest-

nutRothner. Bent, 14:;n S. 8thRothschild, ft., 2260 N. 13thRothschild, Mrs. Henry- 2224 GroenRothschild, Mever, 1832 N. 17thRothschild, S..' 3236 N. BroadRothschild, William, 415 SouthRovno, Dr. Philip, 423 PineRubel, E., 1507 N. 10thRubenstlne, A. B., 2118 S. 6thRuberg, Kohn, 523 S. 3dRubin, Isaac H., 1324 N. FrazerRubin, Joseph II., 715 ArchRubin, M. .T., 721 BrownRubinsohn, L. S., 517 N. 4thRudolph, Miss Frances, 1106 N.

40thRudolph, H., 4032 Girard Av.Snchs, Harry. 1228 CherrySachs, L., 1417 S. 8thSachs, S., 122S CherrySaeta, Philip, S. W. cor. 5th and

FederalSager, Isnnc, 3036 PoplnrSasorsky, I. S., ",932 WalnutSail, Jacob, 1514 Moyamensing Av.Sailer. Louis. 1420 Girard Av.Sametz, Henry, 3220 Arlington

Samuel, J. Bunford, 1609 Spruce Pennsyl-Sandberg, H., 820 N. 5th • vaniaSanders, A. J., Land Title Bldg.Sanders, Dr. D. M., 1307 Girard

Av.Sannit, Louis, 612 N. 7thSantz, Dr. S. V., 327 PineSavitz, M. B., 1538 S. 9thSax, Max, 818 SouthSax, Percival M., 6429 Drexel Road,Saxe, Solomon, 1218 N. MarshallSchachman, Dr. Morris, 531 SouthSchaeffer, Max, 332 S. 12thSchamberg, Dr. Jay F., 1922 SpruceSchamberg. Jesse J., care of Felix

Isman, South Penn SquareSchamberg, Lewis M., Hotel Ma-

jesticSchatz, Dr. H. A., 916 N. 6thSchechter, Dr. Isaac, 505 PineScheckter, Harry, 959 N. 7thScheinfeld, Morris, 1604 Ridge Av.Schenker, Dr. H. I., 635 N. 5thSchlein, Sam'l, 1915 N. Park Av.Schlestnger, Abe, 1846 N. 16thSchlow, Charles, 1944 N. 31stSchmookler, Dr. Henry, 1320 S. 5thSchneyer, Louis A., 33 N. 3dSchor, Hyman, 7th and BrownSchorr, Henry W., 1327 Land Title

Bldg.Schulhof, A. L., 2256 N. 21stSchupack, Dr. Charles B., 408 S.

9th.Schur, Wm., 1218 PineSchwab, Max, B., 2213 N. 21stSchwab, N., 2003 N. 33dSchwalb, M., 508 MainSchwartz, Dr. B., 1010 Snyder Av.Schwartz, I., 16th and ReedSchwartz, I., 326 N. 6thSchwartz, J., 532 MooreSchwartz, Sam'l G., 609 Lafayette

Bldg.Schwartz, Slgmund, 116 S. 13thSchwarz, J. A., 5132 Wayne Av.,

Gtn.Schwarz, M. H., 404 DickinsonSegal, Dr. J., 310 ReedSegal, Jos.. 1306 Columbia Av.Seiger, Louis, 531 N. MarshallSellg, Abraham, 2041 TlogaSells, B., 4258 Parkside Av.Selig, Ely IC, 1315 N. BroadSeltzer, A., 3011 OxfordSender, Harry, 2 4 5 3 MyrtlewoodSenic, Morris, 267 N. 9thShabam, Dr. Simon, 761 S. 5thShakewsky, Isaac, 511 S. 6thShapiro, Mrs. Fannie, 5435 German-

town Av.Shapiro, Mrs. I., 2264 N. 17th

107


Pennsyl- Shapiro, Morris, 127 N. Othvania Shatz, L. A., 3215 Diamond

Sheetz, Max, 0 N. 2dSheffier, Louis, 1740 RitDerShenkin, Henry A., 233 MarketShor, Dr. Harry N., 5th and PineShore, A., 505 BrownShoyer, Louis, 412 ArchShribman, Joseph, 1804 N. 7thShultz, Isaac, 3950 PoplarShultz, Joshua, 916 N. 6thShusterman, J., 1425 S. 7thShute, M.. 2989 FrankfordSickles, A., 726 ChestnutSickles, Edward, 726 ChestnutSickles, Louis, 3220 DiamondSickles, Mrs. M., 1910 N. 11thSickles, Sol., 2214 TiogaSiedenbach, Mrs. A., 1707 DiamondSilberman, Dr. M., 230 N. DthSilbersteln. E. 123 N. 9thSillman, Maurice, 857 N. 6thSilver, Morris N., 1432 S. 8thSilverman, Chas., 525 PineSilverman, Prank, 2216 S. 8thSilverman, M., 923 PoplarSilverman, Wm., Larchwood Apts.Nimkin, A., 820 GreenwichSimon, Dave, S37 N. MarshallSimon, David E., 1516 DiamondSimons, Dr. B. R., 1804 W. OntarioSimsohn, Dr. Jos. S., 909 FranklinSinberg, John H.. Hotel MajesticSinger, Dr. Benj. L.. 1914 N. 18thSinger, H., 736 S. 4thSinger, Joseph, 1302 N. American

Bldg.Sklar, Sam'l, 6007 OsageSklar, Dr. W., 1005 S. 3dSlipakoff, Jaculi, 5018 Germantown

Av.Slonimsky, N., 311 ReedSmarr, Joseph B., 1434 N. FranklinSmith, J., 459 E. Glrard Av.Smith. Jacob, 0759 Germantown Av.Smith, Max J., 2424 N. DouglasSmolensky, A., 536 PikeSnyder, J., and Sons, G004 German-

town Av.Snyderman, Dr. H. S., 1306 N. GthSnyderman, M., 710 N. FranklinSoble, Max C, 5903 ClintonSolomon, Harry, 1121 TiogaSommer, n . B., 612 ArchSommer, Dr. Heni-y. 518 N. 5thSondheiraer, Benj.. 1839 W. Erie Av.Sonnhelm, Jacob L.. 1904 N. PattODSostmann. Julius. 2017 S. BroadSpeaker, Rev. Henry M., 2257 N

CamacSpeiser. Maurice J., South Penn

Sq. Bldg.

Spiegelman, J., 1319 N. FranklinSpitz. Nathan, N. W. cor. 8th & RaceSrolovitz, Wolf, 1406 S. 6thStaller, Isidor, 959 N. 7thStaller, Dr. Max, 1310 S. 5thStamm, Dr. C. J., 2424 N. FrontStamm, Sol., 811 S. 2dStecher, Louis, 2317 N. BroadStein, Harry, 2979 FrankfordStein, Isaac, 3432 N. 15thStein, J., 826 S. 3dStelnbach, Dr. L. W., 1309 N. BroadSteinberg, Jos., 1648 N. MarshallSteinberg, Mrs. P., 1631 N. 33dSteinberg, Sophia, 442 BrownSteinberg, Wm., 1428 S. 9thStelner, Frank, 1426 W. Susque-

hanna Av.Stembler, Dr. H. A., 947 N. 6thSteppacher, Walter M., 146 N. 13thStern, Eugene M.. 4230 Parkside Av.Stern, Horace, 1520 N. 17thStern, Isidore, 536 SpruceStern, Israel, 1935 N. 12thStern, Mrs. Jennie 817 SouthStern, Julius, 1214 OrkneyStern, Lafayette, 1846 N. 19thStern, Louis, 203 Burd Bldg.Stern, M. H., 1609 DiamondStern, Dr. Max J., 711 FranklinStern, Morris, 907 N. 8thStern, Sam'l, Commonwealth Bldg.Stern, Sidney M., 1613 PoplarStern. W. A., 1805 Spring GardenSternberg, Rudolph, 1644 SouthStiefel, M., 1803 N. 33dStone, Irwin L., 2425 N. 17thStrickler, Dr. Albert, 40.">0 Girard

Av.Strouse, Mrs. Abr.. 213 N. 3dStrouse, Henry, 1315 Real Estate

Trust Bldg.Strousse, Morris, 939 N. 8thSundheim. Harry I., Real Estate

Trust Bldg.Sundheim, Jos. H., 1001 ChestnutSwitky, Israel, 2253 CamncTartsovsky, Miss C 611 N. GthTeller, Jacob, Hotel LorraineTeller, Louis A., 927 N. 19thTeller, Dr. William H., 1713 GreenThanhauser, S., 15 N. 16thThomashefsky, M., Arch St. TheatreThurpick. Hanon. 264 S. 5thTierkel, David B., 327 MantonTobin, J., 1018 S. 5thTonkonosy, Jos., 513 N. WanamakerTonsky, Dr. Bernard. 14.'!1 S. 4thTunick, Abraham, 432 PineTunick, Jacob, 328 S. 5thTunin, Dr. B. O., 1312 S. 5th

108


Tutelman, Harry, 3201 Susque-hanna Av.

Uditsky, Harry, 1325 FranklinUfEenheimer, A. I., 1518 N. 17thUnger, Sam, 1432 S. LawrenceVelenchik. Samuel, 2150 N. 7thVendlg, Charles H., 1922 N. 12thVerblt, Harry, 3124 CliffordVerlin, Jacob, 5852 ChestnutViteles, Harry, 931 N. 6thWaber, Louis, 888 N. 6thWachs, A., 4021 Girard Av.Wallack, Morris, 334 FederalWallerstein, David, 607 Land Title

Bldg.Walter, Dr. IsidoreWasserman, Mrs. Jos., N. W. cor.

Wissahlckon Av. and HutterWaxman, Jacob, 221 CallowhlllWaxman, S., 1900 S. 7thWeber, David, 4042 Parkside Av.Weber, Herman, 3852 Girard Av.Weil, Emanuel, 3649 N. 21stWeil, Jacob, 208 Arcade Bldg.Welman, Dr. Maurice, 1326 S. 5thWeinberg, I., 2021 N. 7thWeinberg, Maurice G., 693 Drexel

Bldg.Weinberg;, S., 3232 BerksWeiner, Sam'l B., 603 MifflinWeinfeld, Adolf, 549 N. 2dWeinstein, J. I., 790 Drexel Bid;?.Weinstein, Jacob, 505 ChestnutWeinstein, Dr. M. A., 531 PineWeinstein, Sam'lWeintraub, A., 119 N. 4thWeisman, Morris, 1742 N. MarshallWeiss, Cbaa., 623 N. 16thWeiss, Chas. J., 1002 Common-

wealth Bldg.Weiss, Sam'l, 2513 N. 33dWeisz, Jos., 1418 W. Susquehanna

Av.Weitz, S., 3017 DiamondWendkos, S. L., 1252 S. 17thWerbow, Morris. 2200 S. 7thWerner, Dr. J. L., 1533 S. 6thWertheimer, L., 2107 W. VenangoWessel, Henry N., Penn Sq. Bldn.Westheimer, Mrs. M., 1629 N. 33dWhite, Abe, 400 SouthWhitehill. Edw., 619 MarketWiener, J., 866 N. 7thWiener and Poline, 416 MarketWiernik, M., 1931 N. 12thWigman, Jacob, 876 N. 6thWindner, Julius. 251 N. 18thWinkleman, Philip, 2135 N. 17thWintrob, J. M., 1729 Mavlton Av.Wise, August, 1307 MarketWisemnn, Harry S., 528 N. SimpsonWolf, Mrs. Abr. S., 1530 Green

Wolf, Mrs. Elias, 1420 Girard Av. Pennsyl-Wolf, Isaac, Jr., 4220 Parkside vaniaWolf, Jos., 1112 PoplarWolf, Louis, 1713 S. 22dWolf, Morris, 1733 Montgomery Av.Wolf, Simon, 1737 Montgomery Av.Wolf, Wm., 521 N. 63dWolfson, Dr. J., 1001 S. 6thWolfson, M., 1347 S. 7thWolin, Chas., 122 N. 6thWolkin, Simon, 4127 Lancaster Av.Wrubel, M., 1809 N. 31stYaspan, Rev. Morris, 440 ChristianZall, Dr. Bernard C, 840 N. 7thZamustin, Max, 537 SpruceZeben, Louis, 709 GreenZelesnick, Joseph I., 427 TitanZellner, Carl Leon, 1520 N. 15thZimmerman, John, 1330 S. 6thZimmerman, Dr. M. L., 431 PineZinman, Morris, 2352 N. 21stZolot, Chas., 2127 Natrona

PhoenixvilleBehari, Edward, 222 BridgeHurwitz, Harry, 178 BridgeMelgram, Abe, 211 BridgeNeuman, Marcus, 214 ChurchPhillips, Benj., 176 BridgeSchwartz, Wm., 21 Clay

PittsburgLIBRARY MEMBER

Frank, Isaac W., 5601 Irwin Av.

SPECIAL MEMBERSEdlis, Adolph, 2035 Wylie Av.Gelb, Dr. M. J., 1417 CarsonSaar Sholem Lodge, No. 154, I. O.

P>. B., care of Louis Cohen, Sec'y,1400 Poplar, Alleshcny

Snnps. Dr. K. I., 234 Mcfcee PI.Sedler, Barnet, G05 Washington

ANNUAL, MEMBERSAaronson, Leonard I., Breckenridge

Av.Abels, Morris, 3112 AvalonAdelman, Louis F., 1623 Dennlston

Av., E. E.Adler, Louis J., 214 Stratford Av.Alpen, Louis, 807 5th Av.Amshel, Louis, 250 DarrahArnfeld, Maurice, 1125 Penn Av.Ashinsky, Rabbi A. M., 1204 ColwellAvner, Maurice I;., 615 Berg-er Bldg:.Baer, Morris, 350 GrahamBarach, Dr. Joseph II., 4930 Centre

Av.Baum, H., 5706 Bartlett

109


Pennsyl- Bernstein, A., 5726 Howevania Bernstein, Dr. H., 1008 Wylle Av.

Bloom, Julius, 71 MarionBloomberg, Dr. S., 1543 Centre Av.Blumenthal, Dr. A. A., 1007 Wylle

Av.Carnegie Library, Schenley ParkChaltkin, Maurice, 901 Union Av.,

N. S.Coffee, Rabbi Rudolph I., 5894 Ho-

bartCohen, Mrs. Aaron, 380 Wlneblddle

Av.Cohen, Dr. Isaac \V., 1906 5th Av.Cohen, Hon. Joslah, St. Regis Apts.Cohen, Miss Ray, 623 Wylle Av.Cohn, Mrs. Wm. H., 5812 Marlbor-

oughCooper, Chas. I., 602 Washington

Bank Bldg.Cranz, F., 320 MainCuden, Dr. C. S., 1306 5th Av.Davis. Barnett, 318 Aiken Av.De Roy, A. J., 5807 BartlettDe Roy, Dr. Aaron, 5405 CoralDe Roy, Israel, 214 MarketDiamond, Harry, 234 Pacific Av.Dreyfuss, Barney, 903 Farmers Bank

Bldg.Enelow, M., 1S2O Bradford Av.Engelsburg, Paul, 1627 Centre Av.Palk, Leon, 342 Atlantic Av.Feinberg. Samuel, 1607 BluffFeldstein, Bernard H., 2037 Centre

Av.Fineberg, Nathan, 922 VickroyFinkelpearl, Dr. H., 3594 Beech-

wood Blvd.Finkelstein, Benj., 635 ChislettFoner, N., 1701 Centre Av.Friedman, F., 3440 BoquesteGiffen, I. L., 93 RobertsGlick, A. L., 30 StevensonGoldinger, A., 5939 Penu Av.Goldman, Dr. S., 5528 Baywood,

Goldsmit, S. B., 5174 Liberty Av.Goldsmith, David, 35 NiagaraGoldstein, Sam'l. 31 fi EvalineGoodstone, Dr. M. A., 759 Millvale

Av., E. E.Greenberger, Jacob, 336 4th Av.Gross, A., 308 Renshaw Bldg.Haas. Mrs. Morris, 445 Atlantic Av.,

E. E.Hamburger, Philip, 467 S. RebeccaHanauer, A. M., 353 Pacific Av.Harrison. I.. 4921 ButlerI-Iepner, Jacob M.. 85 Van BraamHirseh, B., 1(522 Cendo Av.riirsch, Leon, S110 Jenkins Arcade

Bldg.

Horvitz, B., 5291 S. Atlantic Av.Idov, J. L., 6200 Penn Av.Isaacs, I. E., 404 SmithfleldJackson, Henry, 201 EvalineJoseph, A. P., 300 N. Negley Av.Kann, Mrs. Myer M., 336 Atlantic

Av.Karsten, M., 708 N. St. ClairKatz, Jos. L, 5412 2d Av.Katz, Jos. N., 1317 5th Av.Kaufman, A. H., HfiHi McKee PI.Kaufmann, Isaac, :"iO3~> Forbes Av.Kellly, David S.. 3221 Elsinore Sq.Kingsbacher, Aaron, 1531 Dennis-

ton Av.Kingsbacher, M., 0602 Northumber-

land Av.Klee, Wm. B., 150." Shady Av.Klein, Jos., 809 5th Av.Kornblum, J., Arrott Bldg.Kraus, Sam, 2S40 Centre Av.Landman. S., 142 ErinLasday, Wm., 822 Melton, E. E.Leiber, Dr. Philip, S05 BluffLevin, L. S., Dennlston Av. cor.

WllklnsLevy, Geo. A., 5720 WalnutLevy, Rev. Dr. J. Leonard, 1526 Den-

niston Av., E. E.Levy, Miss Rae, 132 ErinLewin, Robert, 14 SmithfieldLrichten stein, Dr. Meyer B., 240

DlnwlddleLipman, H. M., 235 5th Av.London, A. L., 3106 AvalonMalamuth, Jos. L., 2125 Webster

Av.Manovitz. Rev. A. I., 1311 FranklinMarcus, Dr. Clnra E.. 1641 5tJi Av.Marcus, Jos. C, 2014 5th av.Margolis, Jacob, 221 Coltart Sq.Margolis, M., 207 DevillersMarlck, Dr. S. W., 1104 VickroyMeyers, Abe. 912 5th Av.Miller, J., 801 Union Bank Bldg.Neaman, Harry I., 7612 Bennett

SquareNeaman, Morris, 106 PembrokeNeiman, Bennio, 1403 5th Av.Nevins, Phil II., 1226 Wylie Av.Newman, A. J., Supt. Home for AgedObernauer, Harold, 1841 Centre Av.Oppenheim, G. H., 1305 GibbonOsgood, Sam'l, 917 r>th Av.Perlman, Wm., 1023 5th Av.Perlow, Moses, 251 DlnwiddiePlotkln, Nohum, 1536 ClarkRadin, Dr. Sam P., 1624 5th Av.Raphael, Harry M.. 2!i3 DlnwiddieRauh, A. L., 5565 Irwtn Av.Rauh, Enoch, 5837 Bartlett, E. E.Raub, M., 5621 Northumberland Av.

110


Reich, H. A., 3505 ButlerReich, Jos. I-L, 4835 Norwood Av.Reinwasser Sol., 1316 Liverpool, N.

S.Rosenbloom, L., 856 E. OhioRosenbloom, Sol., 5507 Stanton Av.Rosenthal, Dr. D. A., 4032 Jenkins

Arcade Bldg.Rosenthal, Myer, 605 Wylie Av.Rothman. Theo., 4028 ButlerSachs, Charles H., 5541 HaysSailer, M., 507 MarketSchein, Saul, 1510 CarsonSeegman, Dr. Harry, 2012 5th Av.Segal, JakeShapiro, M. I., 1114 N. Euclid Av.Shapiro, Sam'l S., 347 Oliver Bldg.Shenkan, Isaac, 75 CongressSher, Simon. 318 McKee PI.Sidenberg, Hugo, 503 2d National

Bk. Bldg.Solomon, K., Morewood Av., 4th door

from ForbesSpear, Nathaniel, 210 Stratford Av.Stadtfeld, Joseph, 1115 Frick Bldg.Stein, Hon. Abraham C, 507 RossStein, Harry M., 3206 Elsinore Sq.Stein, Mrs. Nathan, 5301 Ellsworth

Av.Sunstein, A. J., Bartlett St.Sunstein, C, 1287 Shady Av., E. E.Treellsky, Rachel, 111 ErinWechsler, Dr. B. B., 4943 Centre Av.Weil, A. Leo. 5931 HoweWeissberg, Max, 146 RobinsonWhite, B., 430 Shady Av.White, Chas.. Negley Av. and ElmerWilkoff, David L., 2041 Wylie Av.Winfield, Win., 530 4th Av.Wolkln, Harry, 837 Estella

PIttstonBiederman. IT., 1122 Wyoming Av.,

Exeter BoroughBrown, A. B.Fleischer, Miss Cecelia, 51 ChurchSchwartz, Joseph, 1089 Wyoming

PlymouthAbarbanell, A., 9 W. MainFainberg, Max L., 56 E. MainGoldstein, L., 458 W. MainJacobs, Alexander, 14 W. MainLasser, I., 105 E. Main

PottstownAbrams, Harry, 631 WalnutBlock, Jacob, 103 N. HanoverFeuerman. S., 431 HighLeblong, Nathan, 429 HighMagitson, H., 11 S. Franklin

Meyerhoff, Moe L. Pennsyl-Miller, Isaac vaniaPrince, Jos. Leonard, 322 HighRauhfogel, Seiman, 255 HighSelman, S., 304 HighWeiss, Max. 456 HighYentelson, S., 11 S. Franklin

PottsvilleLilienthal, Miss Lillie, 117 W. Mar-

ketSchwartz, Leon, 318 CenterWeiner, Jos., 220 11thWeiss, S. S., 521 W. NorwegianYedinsky, Sam'l, 248 N. 12th

PriceburgCantor, Dr. Aaron S.

QuakertownWeiss, Ellas

RankinGreen, Harry, 229 2dHorn, Ignatz, 348 2d

ReadingBear, Isaac, 1602 Mineral SpringsBerger, Mrs. Sophie, 823 ElmBraveman, I., 740 PennBrodstein, J., 716 ChestnutCohen, Julius L., 46 N. 11thFisher, Harry, 233 Centre Av.Frank, Rabbi Julius, 1147 FranklinGoldman, E., 436 PennGreen, Saul, 938a PennIsacowitz, Isaac, 110 PennKlevansky, B., 29 S. 7thKotzen, S. J., 107 N. 9thLuria, A., 549 N. 12thLurla, A. L., 236 N. 10thLuria, Max, 238 N. 10thPotts, A. G., 407 S. 9thRittenberg, Geo., 150 WalnutSattenstein, I., 929 OleySaul, Harry, 546 S. 9thSchechter, Moses E., 1029 DouglasSchwartz, Jos. H., 821 GreenSchwartz, M., 425 PennSher, L., and Sons, 431 MulberrySherman, H., 447 MossSimon, Louis L., 736 FranklinSulmon, B., 840 ElmWerner, A., 334 N. 5thY. M. H. Assoc, 624 PennZable, Harry, 8 N. 9th

RenovaGoodman, Meyer M.Kaplan, Milton

111


Pennsyl- Scrantonv a n i a Anspacher, Dr. A. S., 925 Monroe

Av.Ball. Chas., 1516 LindenBarkin, Isadore, 429 Prescott Av.Blume, MaxBrandwlne, Louis, 319 Franklin Av.Conn, A. B., 121 MulberryEisner, Isador, 841 JeffersonFederman, M. J.Frankel, Rabbi D., 613 Washington

Av.Friedman, Louis. 540 Adaras Av.Friedman, Dr. Sam'l, 437 Adams

Av.Furman. C. L, 634 Adams Av.Gold. Rabbi W., 326 Penn Av.Goldberg, A., 023 N. Washington

Av.Goodman, M., 532 Lnckawanna Av.Gross, Louis, 611 N. Washington

Av.Herzl Club, 336 Penn Av.Hinerfield, L.. 718 Monroe Av.Jacobs, Daniel, 1408 MulberryKabatchnick, Myer, 334 Franklin

Av.Kaplan, Max, 914 PineKaplan, Nathan. 614 MyrtleKlein, Louis, 401 Franklin Av.Kohn, L. W., 429 Wyoming Av.Krakusin, Ben., 718 Monroe Av.Krotosky, Isidore, 531 N. Washing-

tonLevi, Barnet, 520 PineLevi, Mrs. Sarah A.. 317 Penn Av.Levine. II.. 217 Lack'a Av.Levy, R. L., 809 Quincy Av.Marcus, Adolph, 736 N. Washington

Av.Mazurin, Rev. L. M., 334 Franklin

Av.Phillips, George, Coal Exchange

Bid?.Roos, Dr. E. G.. 232 Adams Av.Roth, Samuel. 219 MoranSchmulovitz, T., 425 Tnilor Av.Silverberg, Maurice, 718 Monroe

Av.Silverstein, N.. 410 Wyoming Av.Tracker, S., 219 Franklin Av.Weisberger. Sandy, 301 FirstWolfgang, E. J., 419 Penn Av.Y. M. H. Assoc, 322 Adams Av.

ShamokinBornsteln, Jos., 703 N. ShamokinBraude, A.Gelb, N. B., 136 N. GrantPresmont, Isaac

SharonCohen, SimonLury, Sam

SheffieldEpstein, LeviEpstein, William

ShenandoahBlock, SamuelEisenberg, LouisFrieband, LeonLevit, Max

South BethlehemGoodman, B., 112 E. 3d

SteeltonBaker, David P., 544 S. 3dLevin, Jacob, 304 N. FrontLevltan, Isidore J., 670 S. 3d

SunburyBiow, Ely, Market St.Eisenberg, J., 425 MarketFreedman, Mrs. Wolf, 329 ChestnutGoldberg, I., 428 MarketMillner, M., 359 Market

SwissvaleAdler, Jonas, 7476 McLure Av.

TarentumFriedman, A. J., 145 W. 7th

TTniontownDavis. Jacob, 7 BroadwayFriedman, S.Molans, Harry, 68 E. FayetteRosenbaum, Jos.Rosenbaum, Sol. J.

WarrenBall, Dr. M. V.Glassman, Elias I., 3d and HickoryKornreich, S., 29 Plum

WashingtonElianow, Jos. M., 14 N. MainGoldfarb, Rev. Jacob, 34 N. FranklinLanday, Lewis W., 342 Jefferson

Av.Ochs, Louis, 114 Hall Av.Dr. Theodore Herzl Zion Society,

care of Paul Groginsky

West GroveLiebormann, Dr. Jacob, 124 Rose

Hill Av.

112


Wilkes-BarrePATRON

Strauss, Sellgman J.

SPECIAL MEMBERLong, Bernhard, 235 S. Franklin

ANNUAL MEMBERSCasper, Max, 20 W. RossCoons, Joseph D.Coons, Joseph S., 77 W. RossGinsburg, Rabbi D., 327 E. North-

amptonHaltzel, Harry L., 35 S. WellesHeinz, MauriceHorowitz, Jacob I., 300 N. MainHurwitz, Jos. J.Leibson, Jos., 2 E. MarketLevi, Ben., 486 S. FranklinLcvi, Max, 62 Mallory PI.Levison, J. G., 33 E. MarketLevy, Felix T., 421 S. FranklinLong, Dr. Chas.Long, Millard F., 409 S. FranklinLowenstein, Mrs. B., 212 S. MainMarks, A.Murzin, M., 429 S. RiverOppenhelmer, David, 714 Second

Nat. Bank Bids.Rabe, Hugo, 54 E. NorthamptonRosenthal, David, 26 LincolnSalsburg, Abram, 62 S. WellesSalzman, Rev. Marcus. 94 W. RossSamelson, Bernard, 44 N. Main

Schloss, Louis Pennsyl-Slavin, Dr. S., 89 S. Main vaniaStakulsky, Hyman, 14 Weitzenkorn

Bldg.Stern, Harry F.Temple Religous School, care of

Rabbi Salzman, 04 W. RossWelntraub, Harry Heller, 200 Bar-

npyWeitzenkorn, J. K.

WilliamsportGoldenberg, H. M., 321 PinoUlman, Miss Kosetta, 6:!4 W. 4th

WynooteSI-ECIAL MEMBER

Kaas, Andrew

ANNUAL MEMBERArnold, Mrs. Miriam

YorkBalkstein, Rev. S. W., 148 S. WaterGrumbacher, MaxKagen, David, 236 S. PineKatz, Sam'l, 328 E. PoplarLehmayer, Mrs. NathanMetz, Isaac, 24 S. GeorgeSinger, Jacob, 146 E. MarketSocks, Sam'l, 48 S. GeorgeTrattner, Abe, 144 S. GeorgeWelnstock, H., Pine and College Av.

RHODE ISLAND RhodeCentral Falls Newport Island

Bloch, Rev. Julius, 19 Newport Av.David, F., 19 BridgeDavid, N., 2 BroadwayEckstein, Rabbi Moses, 19 Newport

Av.Fraut, D., 243 ThamesJacobs, J. A., 221 ThamesJosephson, I. J.. 267 ThamesKosch, Adolph, 242 ThamesKravetz, Meyer, 32 MarlboroughLack, Louis, 106 BroadwayLevy, Harris, 19 DunningLevy, Max, Thames St.Moskovich, Philip, 22 BroadwayNelson, A., 15 ThamesPrinz, Leo, Thames, cor. Long Whf.Rubinstein, Louis, 100 BroadwayStoneman, Michael, 362 ThamesWeiss, Alex. S., 13 Brinley

PawtuoketBerick, A., 182 BroadChefetz, Colmau, 10 George

113

Bogin, N., 505 HighBrown, Isaac, 542 DextrrChermack, J., 47 FletcherDobkin, Sam., 34 FletcherFrucht, S.. 138 GarfieldGoldberg, Nathan, 517 DextorHerschowitz, J. J., 24 LedgeJaffe, B., 411 DexterKalman, Chas., 536 MillLaw, B.. 348 HighMarks, J., 58 CrossMogilevkin, B. M., 48 CentralNathanson, I., 521 BroadShaffer, II., 590 BroadSonkin, J., 143 Lincoln Av.

LongmeadowHarzberg, Meyer

LonsdaleBolotow, Louis, 415 Broad


Rhode Cohen, E., 43 SummerIsland Cohen, Morris, 71 E Av.

Peeler, Max, 10 BortonGlickman, Seppy, 94 GordonGoodman. Abraham, 10 GeorgeHyman, Mnx, 224 N. MninLevenson, M., 5 BortonLevy, J. M., 23 HarrisonMorgan, Louis, 42'A DexterSchwartz, M. R., ,N2 LodgeShartenberg, Jacob

ProvidenceLIFE MEMBER

Misch, Mrs. Cfesar, 400 Westminster

SPECIAL MEMBEKGomberg, Dr. Max B., 344 Butler Ex-

changeANNUAL MEMBERS

Abraams, Philip, 151 OrmsAbrich, A., 68 GoddertAlper, M. S., 22 JamesArleck, Abram, 7!) HendelBader, Isaak, 562 N. MainBakst, Adolph, 171 DudleyBashlow, Louis, 174 N. MainBlumenthal, Dr. J. N., 402 West-

minsterBrenner, Benj., 23 HowellBrooks, Geo. B., 27 MulberryBrown, M., 23 GoddertCohen, Simon, 12 JenkesConstlsten, Louis, 130 OrmsCumuccus, Morris. 19 N. DavisCutler, Harry, 7 EddyDavis, N., 339 N. MainDluty, Morris, 91 HowellDruker, Nathan, 57 GovernorEinstein, Mrs. M., 72 GlenhamElowitz, Miss Belle, 49 BenefitEpstein, Dr. Ph. P., 310 N. MainFaber, Samuel, 502 N. MainPain, Alfred A., 802 Elmwood Av.Fain, B., 311 I'ockasett Av.Felnsteln, Philip, 247 Atwells Av.Fine, Nathan, 114 LippitFlink, A. V., 24 Chalkstone Av.Flink, M., 6 CampFrank, Mrs. H., 7 JenkesFrank, Mrs. S., 23% HowellGalden, A., 1 VictorGarflnkle, I., 24 WheatonGinsberg, Eli, 197 PineGinsburg, Adolph, 21 WashingtonGorman, Jos. A., 82 BroadGreen, Mrs. Myer, 9 Janckes.Toslier, Joseph, 30 HalseyKapland, S., 508 N. MainKatz, Heyman, 303 N. MainKlein, S., 108 Charleston Av.

Kraus, Harry. 204 Chalkstone Av.Kulman, L., 56 HowellLatt, M., 9 FillmoreLederer, B., 9 BridghamLevin. Morris J., 726 BroadLevitt, Mayer, 267 S. MainLevye, Joe, 243 N. MainLipshitz, L., 379 N. MainLlpson, Samuel, 191 N. MainLuber, Sam'l, 335 N. MainManshel, Chas., 1248 BroadManshel, Chas., 150 Doyle Av.Marcus, Julius, 805 WestminsterMarcus, Lyon A., 80 JeffersonMarkensohn, M., 145 OrmsMarkoff, Edward E., 268 Westmins-

terMarks, Morris. 103 N. MainMellin, M., 5 CanalMillings, S., 18 ZoneNorman, Edward, 37 HowellParvey, Dr. H.. (Caesar Misch Bldg.Plainfield. S.. 45 HowellPoblrs, Dr. Albert, 61 Benefitl-'ri'iss. Samup], 362 N. MainProvidence Worklngmen's Beneficial

Ass'n, 14 Doyle Av.Rablnowltz, William. 224 N. MainRobinson, J. A., 78 CharlesRosen, Bnrnet, 369 N. MainRosenblatt, D., 30 N. DavisRosenblatt, Henry, 83 OrmsRoyal Paper and Supply Co., 353

CanalS. S. Cong, of Israel and David,

Friendship and PosterSackett, J., 22 WheatonShadin, B., 174 N. MainStern, Rev. Dr. Nathan, 500 PublicSydney, Wm., 12 OrmsTarlin, Mrs. Victor, 69 GlenhamTenikin, Max, 49 BenefitTobarsky, David, 43 V4 HowellWeber, Harris, 27 HalseyWlnograd, Leo, 1 LopezZettin, Salkind, 16 Pratt

Valley FallsStein, Samuel, 87 Broad

WesterlyLahn, M., 6 Hillside Av.Saloveitzik, Morris, 9 Coggswell•Silversteln, Louis, 10 MossSolomon, Lewis, 5 JayYorogroskl, Max, 13 Lincoln Av.

WoonsooketAbramson, Max. 55 CrawfordBachtman, Jacob, 319 MainBlankstein, I.. 67 BellinghainBlock, Louis, 388 Social

1 H


Botkowsky, Ashel, 463 Park AT.Brown, Wolf, 1 IsraelCole, Adolph, 305 SocialColltz, Abraham, 174 GreenDaniels, I. L., 22 W. SchoolDroll, Morris, 258 ProvidenceDworkic, Harry, 67 LogeeFalk, Jos. C, 174 GreeneFalk, Nathan, 266 Park PI.Golden, Sam'l, 55 PoloGoldflne, Max, 79 MasonGreenberg, M., 63 PoloKamorofr, Sam., Box 140Kibrik, I., 67 LogeeKotler, Sam, 67 LogeeLasarus, Philip, 516 B. SchoolLevein, J. J.t 202 Providence

Levine, Louis, 27 N. MainMack, Harry, 613 GroveMack, Joseph, 63 LogeeMichaelson, A., 164 GroveNorman, H., 554 FrontOppenheimer, H. S., 413 SummerRabinovitz, E., 24 RathbunSchlansky, Sam'l, 564 CoeSchwartz, Jos., 261 ElmShalowitz, Abe, 135 BlicbstinesShalowitz, H. G., 661 N. MainShapero, A., 70 PoloShatter, Isaac, 44 BlackstonSheir, M., 256 Park Av.Silberman, Rev. M., 284 ElmTerkel, Albert, 59 Hamlet Av.Treitel, S. J., 74 Main

RhodeIsland

BennettsvilleStrauss, Simon

SOUTH CAROLINA S o u t h

Volaski, J. A., 163 Rutledge CarolinaWilliams, II. J., 4 Glebe

CharlestonBanov, Dr. Leon, 24 WarrenBrown, Z., 354 KingCohen, D.. 201 East BayFechter, H., 558 KingFromberg, H. M., 589 KingFromberg, Joe, 589 KingFurchgott, M., 20 MeetingGoldsmith, Momar, 36 Rutledge Av.Hepler, J. H., 601 KingHlrschman. Henry, 11 MontagueHoffman, A. J., 201 East BayHornik, M., 152 RutledgeJacobs, Louis, 248 RutledgeJewish Council of Women, care of

Mrs. H. Hirschmann, 11 MontagueKaresh, J. L., 3 WarrenLlchtenstein, Louis, 148 KingLoeb, Mrs. Lee, 128 WentworthMayers, David, 357 King;Mendelsohn, I. M., 298 KingMordecai, Miss Gertrude, 93 Rut-

ledgeMordecal, T. M., 47 BroadNathan, M. H., 56 St. PhillipNathans, J. M.. 3 CollegePatla, J. A., 414 KingPearlstein, Chas. L., 25 GeorgePlnkussonn, J. S., 161 CalhounRobinson, Michael, 589 KingSimonhoff, H., 495 KingSteinberg, S.. 145 ComingTobias, A., 170 East BayTriest, Montague. 119 WentworthTurtletaub, J., 455 KingVisanska, Mrs. J. M., 12 Bull

ColumbiaCassel, Isidor, 2305 ParkKohn, August, 1614 GervaisTree of Life Sunday School, care of

Miss Berman, Hampton and Bull

FlorenceCohen, A. A.Sulzbacher, Isaac

GreenvilleCampel, H., 222 N. MainEndel, Mrs. Hyman, 329 N. MainMeyers, A. B., P. O. Box 688Rothschild, L.

St. MatthewsLoryea, J. II.Pearlstine, Shep.

SpartanburgMiller, JosephPrice, Isidore

SumterAlpert, L.Moise, Davis D.Strauss, A. A.Strauss, IStrauss, I. C.

WalterboroKaresh, A. S.

115


SouthDakota Ipswicn

Tre Fethren, B. B.

SOUTH DAKOTALead

Friedwald, Max

Tennessee TENNESSEEBristol

Simon, H. J., 211 Johnson

ChattanoogaAdler, H. C.Cantor, H., 8 EarlyCohn, H., 226 HoustonDiamond, M., 18 CollegeEdelsteln, A., 835 ChestnutFine, J. M., 415 W. 6thGoodman, H., Jr., 521 MarketJacobs, E., 721 CherryJosephs, Soly, 117 EarlyKreissman, I. S., 729 Georgia Av.McCallie, Rev. T. S., r.00 BeechMizpah Cong., H. Goodman, Jr..

Pres.Rosenthal, Chas., 636 E. 5thSchwartz, H., 403 CherrySilverman, Annie, 414 CedarSilverman, M. H., 608 LongSilverman, Sam., Box 02Slabosky, A., 301 W. 9thSteiner, J., 606 CedarWassman, Emil, Theresa HotelWiner, H. A.. 11 EarlyWiner, Harry, 606 W. 6th

ColumbiaBarker, L.Barker, Wm.Lazarus, Ben

JacksonHarris, A., 517 S. RoyalWoemer, N. J., 333 S. Royal

KnoxvilleBloom, Henry, 202 E. Vine Av.Caplan, Isaac, 1225 W. 5th Av.Finkelstein, Max, 414 E. ParkLeventhal, A., 712 S. GayMilton, George F., Jr.. Circle ParkRosenthal, D. A., Box 252

MemphisLIBRARY MEMBER

Newburger, Jos., 182 S. Belvedere

ANNUAL MEMBERSBaunian, Sam, 575 Poplar Av.Becker, Miss Babette, 481 Vance

Av.

Benjamin, A. H., 720 JeffersonBlock, Alex, 1620 Carr Av.Bluthenthal, H., 1252 Peabody Av.Boshwitz, Julius, 86 Porter Bldg.Burchart, I., 672 AlabamaClemont, L. K., 416 Union Av.Cohn, Harry, 1597 CarrCossitt Library, Chas. D. Johnson,

Libr.Dinkelspiel, Max, 1246 VintonDreyfus, Albert, 825 Adams Av.Ellman, Geo., 3 CamillaFineshriber, Rev. Dr. \V. H., 89

N. Bellevue Blvd.Fortas, J., 241 HillGates, Elias, 257 S. PaulineGerstel, M., 275 S. 3dGoldbaum, E. L., 420 Union Av.Goldsmith, Miss Sadie, 696 VanceGoodman, B., 749 Poplar Av.Goodman, Julius. 1291 Carr Av.Ilaase, Chas., 1209 PeabodyHeilbronner, Max, 257 LewisHirsch, Samuel, 658 PoplarHirsh, Benj. W., Cotton Ex. Bids.Horn, Abraham. 343 VanceIsenberg, Saul, 249 LewisJacobson, L., 172 S. MainKabakoff, Ellias, 602 S. MainKabakoff, Harry, 847 Arkansas Av.Katz, H., 1354 Vinton Av.Kullmann. I., 1084 Peabody Av.Lowenstein, E.Mayor, M. H., 1556 Poplar Av.Tape, L. G., 500 Pontotoc Av.Pelser, Max, 101 N. 3dPeres, Israel FL, 1350 Peabody Av.Samuels. H. J.. 244 N. McNeillRchetzer, Jos., 328 WinchesterSchlesinger, M., 270 N. MainSolomon, Henry, 1038 Union Av.Sommerfield, J., 273 S. PaulineSteinberg, D., 569 Poplar Av.Steinberg, Samuel, 636 Poplar Av.Sternburger, Jos., 262 LewisSternburger, Leon, 1258 Peabody

Av.Teitlebaum, A., 1264 Peabody Av.Wachskurtz, S., 142 S. MainWahrhaflig, H., 24 S. MainWeil, Burton B., 302 Stonewall PI.

NashvilleBernheim, R. M., 836 4th Av., S.Bernstein, C, 2005 BroadwayCohen, R., 19th and Hayes ^

116


Cohn, Henry, 800 8th Av.Cohn, Nathan, 919 16th Av.Cong. Children of Israel, 89 N.

Bellevue Av.Epstein, J. H., 2003 BroadFensterwald, Jos., 112 7th Av.Prank, James M., 204 4th Av.Prank, Joseph, 1912 West End Av.Friedman, Sam, 410 BroadwayHaas, A., 2215 Balmond Blvd.Hertzka, E. S., 1025 Stainbach Av.Hertzka, I. H., Vauxhall AnnexHertzka, M. B., 1120 Stainbach Av.Hlrsch, Sam, 2421 West End Av.Jonas, L.Lefkovits, J., 705 Demonbrem

Leftevich, Louis, West End Park TennesseeLevy, Sam, 222 Public Sq.Lewinthal, Rev. Isidore, 106 20th

Av., S.Loventhal, Lee J., 120 Lyle Av.Meyer, H. A., 2212 PattersonMorse, I. B., 27 Clarendon PlatsSalzman, Rev. H., Vauxhall AnnexSchwartz, H., 1414 4th Av., N.Schwartz, Leo, 2414 Vanderbilt PI.Schwarz, City MarketSolinsky, Harris, 1916 West End Av.Sulzbacher, W. P., 119 5th Av.Weinstein, Joe, 506 GayZibont, S. C, 701 Church

AustinDavis, M., 306 W. 6thDavis, NelsonGoodstein, D. A., 608 BlancoGrad, Bennett, 1046 10thHeidenheimer, I., Jr., 1508 ColoradoKoen, Joe, 409 E. 95thRosenbaum, Rabbi David, 1100 La-

vacaRypinski, L., 502 N. 18thSeelig, E., 705 W. 10thStern, J.

BeaumontLederer, S., 837 Magnolia Av.Rosinger, Rabbi S., 751 Sabine Pass

Av.

BrownsvilleEowalskl, Benjamin

Brim, Sam.Brownwood

CalvertMarx, M.Ryman, H. M.

ClarksvilleBloom Bros.Bogdanov, Dave, P. O. Box 764Jankowitch, S.Rosenfleld Bros., P. O. Box 1425

Cerf, I. N.Corsicana

DallasSPECIAL MEMBERS

Hexter, Victor H., 1420 S. OkardRose, I. E., 174 Elm

28 117

TEXAS TexasANNUAL MEMBERS

Baron, I., 1604 S. OkardCohn, H. J., 1811 Park RowDreyfuss, G.Engelberg, Sam, 1501 S. PearlEppstein, Max, 1300 JacksonGaronzik, P., 1315 WallGoldstein, Aaron, 1201 St. LouisGoodman, CharlesGreenburg, Rev. Dr. Wm. H., Park

HotelHexter, J. K., 3409 Colonial Av.Kahn, E. M.Karchmer, E., 1809 S. OkardKleinman, Louis, 1209 CadizKramer, Arthur L., 3303 Colonial

Av.Lewin, E., 3236 GunterLiebman, R., 711 BrowdenLipshitz, J., 2313 ElmLipsitz, Louis, Orient HotelMargulis, Aaron, 2221 N. HaywoodMarks, Samuel, 1301 S. OkardMiller, Sam, 1801 GouldPike, Edgar L.Rubenstein, A., 2225 CarolineSanger, Alex.Sigel. Harry. 2504 ElmWeisberg, Alex., 2716 S. Eway

El PasoAlexander, Dr. E.Aronstein, Mrs. S., 628 W. Boule-

vardStolaroff, A.Stolaroff, Mrs. J., 819 N. OresonZielonka, Rabbi Martin, 721 N.

OregonEnnis

Cerf, I.Freeman, P.Jolesch, IsaacRaphael, Edmond, Ennls Ellis Co.


Texas Fort 'WorthBath, Felix P.Blumenthal, Chas., 515 W. BelknapBorschow, Mrs. M., 120 St. Louis

Av.Brown, D.Colton, Mrs. J. D.Cong. Ahavath Sholom, 109 W.

WeatherfordEppstein, M. L., Eppsteln Bldg.Gens, T., 650 Bryan Av.Gernsbacher, H., 1415 TexasGrelnes, J. S., 1317 BoulevardJewish Women's Council, Mrs.

Nettle Stiefel, 1306 W. 13thJoseph, Sam A., 9th & HoustonLevy Bros., 710 Penn Av.Mayer, Max K.. 700% HoustonMehl, Abe M., 1205 W. 5thMehl. I. N.Simon. A. M.. 404 HendersonToub, M., 25th & Columbia

GalvestonSPECIAL MEMBERS

Block, Louis, 1804 Ball Av.Neethe, John, 2002 Av. L.

ANNUAL MEMBERS

Bell, H. N., 1402 Av. NBleich, Mrs. M. N., Market and 28thBlock, Jules, 2124 Av. MBonart, Jos., 2710 JBonaut, Ben, 2518 MarketBrock, MoritzBrown, H., 2619 Av. 0%Coben, Rev. HenryCohen, Robert I., 1704 31stCong. B'nal Israel, care of Maurice

Gross, Secy.Dorfman, J., 2317 Av. HEphralm, E., 2119 BroadwayFarb, Jacob, 2512 Av. HFox, Ph., 2313 MarketFrankel, Chas., 2424 Av. LHauser, I., 2618 Av. KKauffman, Abe, 2412 MarketKlein, M., 2514 Av. FKopprel, Moritz O.Lakowltz, T., 2010 Av. FLevey, M., 1808 Post OfficeLovenberg, I., 2112 SealyMeyer, H. B., 1608 ChurchPatten, Frank C, care of Rosenberg

LibraryRauch, Henry, 3322 Av. H.Schornstein, J., 2421 MarketSchram, M., 2609 Av. ISilberman, Louis, 2211 Post OfficeSinger, J.. 2220 Av. M

Sons and Daughters of Zion, care ofWm. Zinn, Pres.

Zander, Sam, 613 19thZlnn, Sam T., 2602 I

GreenvilleGlassman, SamHopper, Valerie, 1915 N. StonewallSchftf, Ed.

HoustonPrince, H., 1404 CapitalSakowltz, MJrs. Simon, 1612 La

BrancheJefferson

Armlstead, W. T.

MarlinLevl, Mrs. Lily P.Levy, Mrs. E. M.

MaypearlBorschow, E.

MineolaBromberg, I. G.

Mount PleasantBadt, J. M.Greenspun, Max

PalestineBrooks, Sam D.Horwits, Mrs. H., 211 S. SycamoreKlein, M. N.Maier, S.Myers, P. F.

ParisGoldman, Louis

RockdaleLoewensteln, B.

San AntonioBaer, Leon A., 127 W. EvergreenBurg, Dr. S., 226 S. MonumentalDolkowitz, Sam, 1508 Main Av.Dolkowitz, Sol., 619 San Pedro Av.Eldridge, S. C, 241 W. CommerceFreed, L. A., 218 E. Park Av.Hertzberg, Harry, 521 N. MaconJewish Literary Club, 204 W. Com-

merceJoske, Alex.Karotkin, Max, 318 W. CommerceMilgroom, M., 220 ArsenalOppenheim, Jesse D., 309 MainSadovsky, Barney, 107 N. CenterSchaenfleld, Dave, 116 S. Flores

118


Stone, Irvln R., 225 W. CypressWasher, N. M.Wolfe, Jake, care of J. Oppenhelm

and Co.Sherman

Exstein, IsaacExstein, Jacob

Sulphur SpringsYesner, M.

TaylorFelner, Lionel, 416 Porter

TexarkanaCooperman, S., 619 SpruceEldridge, J.Feinberg, L. S.Friedman, N.Getzler, Jos.Heilbron, Louis, 521 MapleKrouse. LeoLevy, A.,Marx, Mrs. C, 523 Pine

TylerBruck, S.Cohen, Barney, 231 N. BordenEisen, A., E. Erwin

Fleishner, L., E. ErwinGinsburg, I. H., P. O. Box 494Goldsticker, LeoGolenternek, A.Heffler, H.Klein, B.Lipstate, J.Myer, JacobOstrow, M. P.Wadel. B.

Texas

VictoriaDreyfus, Ben.

WacoBerkman, A., 526 N. 5thBerlowitz, M., 1017 N. 9thCohen, H. B., 1225 N. 7thGoldstein, I. A.Goodman, B. M., 310 MurrayGross, Abe, 1709 AustinMarcovitch, Noah, 904 N. 8thRosenberg, D., 7th and Indiana Av.Rosenberg, J. M., 415 WashingtonSanger, Alex H., 1820 WashingtonSanger, SamWise, Dan, 1200 Washington

UTAH UtahOgden

Albert, EL, 210 25thBenowitz, Win., 2858 Grant Av.Brody, J., 148 25thCohen, Rebecca, 255 27thGoldberg, A., 1712 Washington Av.Kaplan, Sol. J., 2684 Washington

Kline, Sam, 317 24thKorb, Harry, 2539 Grant Av.Kraives, Joe, 1900 Washington Av.Kreines, David, 2767 Grant Av.Reinsheiber, Harry, 2345 Washing-

ton Av.Rosenbluth, Henry, 352 25thRosenthal, D., 280 25thSchonfeld, A., 2279 Washington Av.Turk, David L., 2369 Washington

Av.Weisberg, Hyman, 2614 Lincoln Av.

Salt Lake CitySPECIAL MEMBER

Spira, Solon, 18 Gravesford Apts.

ANNUAL MEMBERSAlexander, Daniel, Commercial ClubArmovltz, J. B., 55 E. 2d, S.

Axelrad, S., 456 E. 6thBernstein, D.. 28 CommercialBlock, Nate, 28 E. 1st, S.Blumberg, J., 103 S. StateDaniels, Max, Rex TheatreFinkelstein, H., 322 5th Av.Frank, Arthur, 216 E. 3d, S.Freund, Rabbi Chas. J., 524 E. 2d,

Fruinkin, I., 576 Hamilton PI.Frumkin, Julius, 1172 BrighamGanz, Harry, 5 Prescott Apts.Lewinsohn, Jos. L., 833 Kearns

Bldg.Lipkis, Dr. O., 303 Templeton Bldg.Lund, A. Wm., 60 E. South TempleMagid, J., 2 Ivanhoe Apts.Meyer, Dr. Theo., P. O. Box 1006Ottenheimer, Max, 4 Dorins Apts.Provol, J. H., 378 5th Av.Public Library, care of J. H. SpragueReinshreiber, J., 256 S. StateRhode, Geo., care of Auerbach Co.Roe, Harry H., 123 S. 3d, E.Rosenbaum Bros., 904 E. South

TempleRosenblatt, N., 566 S. StateSchiller, Herbert, 329 S. 6th, E.Shapiro, J., 666 E. 2d, S.Simon, Sig., 30 W. 2d, S.

119


Utah Singerman, L., Bradford Clo. ShopSmullyan, Dr. I. Clarence, Covey

Apts.

Spitz. David, 1073 E. 2d, S.Weinsteln, E., 41% S. MainZeigler, Mrs. P., 38 S. Main

VirginiaAlexandria

Schneider, H., 208 King

BerryvllleScheuer, Louis

CharlottesvilleKaufman, M.Oberdorfer, P. B.

VIRGINIAPhoebus

Cooper, M. S.Saunders, I. A., 11 Mallory

PortsmouthCrockin, M. M., 265 HighCrockin, NathanPass, Isaac, 805 CourtKarp, Wm., 5th and HenryLasting, S., County St.

DanvilleGreenberg, Harry S., 746 Wilson

LynchburgGoodman, Leon, 516 Victoria Av.Guggenheimer, Max, Jr.Lazarus, L., 1415 HarrisonRosenthal, M.

Newport NewsAustrian, John, 3105 Washington

Av.Graff, E. J., 2700 MadisonLevinson, I., 2613 26thMorewitz, H. C, & Bro.

NorfolkAltschul, Benj., 133 Graydon ParkBirlin, Dr. Lewis, 464 FreemasonCrockin, H., 480 ChurchCrockin, Jacob, 561 ChurchEllison, Daniel. 221 WaterFriedberg, S., 80 Commerce PI.Goodman, D. H., 322 Colonial Av.Legum, Isaac W., 816 W. Highland

Av.Legum, J. R., 900 LibertyLevy, Morris, 316 Raleigh Av.Mendelsohn, Dr. L., 384 MainSalzberg, Leon, 361 ChurchSamler, D., 358 ChurchSchreier, Eugene, 305 MowbraySeldner, A. B., 1000 Stackley Gar-

densShefsky, L., 15 WashingtonSpigel, Benjamin, 422 Chapel

PetersburgGellman Bros., 213 Sycamore

RichmondAdelanski, Jacob, 733 N. 31stBeth Ahabah Remembrance LibraryBinswanger, H. S., 2220 Monument

Av.Binswanger, M. I., The Shenandoah

Apts.Bloomberg, Harold S., 1133 Mutual

BIdg.Calisch, Rev. E. N., 2702 Monument

Av.Clark, Emile, 2204 West GraceCohen, Alfred E., 832 E. MainHutzler, Chas., 315 E. BroadHutzler, H. S., 1 N. 10thHutzler, Mrs. Leroy, 1910 Grove

Av.Karp, Dr. Lazarus, 114 W. GraceLevy, Dr. E. C, 216 SharerLichtenstein, J., 1700 B. MainLowenstein, Jacob, 416 N. 7thNelson, Leon M., 1845 West GraceRosenbloom, Abe J., 2012 Monument

Av.Whitlock, Philip, 205 E. Grace

RoanokeKahm, D., Dept. StoreLevinson, Simon, 3 S. JeffersonSimon, Samuel, 22 Salem Av.

StauntonShultz, Albert

SuffolkAltschul, Victor, 119 MainHerman. B., 923 Washington

West PointMorvitz and Cabe

120


WASHINGTONSeattle

Eckstein, N., care of SchwabacherBros. & Co.

Friedenthal, Sol., 515 BroadwayHarris, David L., 2008 WashingtonKreielsheimer Bros., 200 1st Av., S.Lang, .T. C, care of National Gro-

cery Co.Prottas, Sol., 2306 2d Av.Rosenbaum, Lewis N., 209 Oriental

BankSilver, Harry, 715 2d Av.Stern, Leopold, 930 16th Av., N.

WashingtonSpokane

Religious School of Temple Emanu-El, care of Dr. D. Levine, 1723Borne Av.

TacomaJacob, Mrs. Meyer, 308 N. Eye

WenatcheeSmith, Harry, care of Columbia

Hotel

WESTCharleston

Galprin, Hyman, 328 LaidleyHeller, Rabbi Nachman, 208 Whit,

takerSilverstein, A. P., 315 Bibhy

CharlestownKahn, WilliamPalmbaum, M., and Bro.

ElkinsSPECIAL MEMBER

Golden, Dr. Wm. M.

AN.NUAL MEMBERKlein, A.

GraftonCaplan, H. A., 6 E. MainFriedman, F.Klein, I. C.

VIRGINIAMound sville

Bachenheimer, M.

WestonBlumberg, H.

WheelingSPECIAL MEMBER

Rice, S. M., 1300 Main

ANNUAL MEMBERSBaer, Ben S., Virginia and FrontBarker, I. E., Virginia Apts.Brill, Raftbi Abr., 43 Poplar Av.Crone, Max, 25 Virginia Av.ITorkheimer, MorrisKraus. David. 410 N. FrontSonneborn, M.Wolf, C. J., 944 Main

WestVirginia

AppletonGerechter, ReY. Emanuel, 671 Wash-

ingtonGoldjerg, E. Louisr Appleton Thea-

terHammel, David, 682 WashingtonHammel, Jacob.Tacobson, A. L., 875 OneidaKiss, A. L., 769 CollegeLyon, M.Ornsteln, A., 764 College Av.Spitz, Jos., 680 Park Av.Sugerman, L. E., College Av.

BeloitGoldstein, S., 612 HackettLevy, L., 321 E. Grand Av.Selensky, R.. 205 E. Grand Av.Sternlicht, A., 1115 Bushnell

WISCONSINStone, Ben., 306 StateStone, S. J.. 1115 Bushnell

Wisconsin

GrantsburgDunn, Rev. D. Ralph

Green BayLevitas. Dr. I. E.. Navarino FlatRoseman, M., SOS CherrySauber, Wm., 635 CherrySklar, H., 408 Elm

JanesvilleRotstein, S., 72 S. RiverRubin, Geo. A., 1415 Pleasant

KenoshaConn, L., 354 MarketEpstein, E., 209 Main

121


Wisconsin Goldberg, II. L., 364 MarketGottlieb, Jacob. 689 ExchangeKronson, J., 352 MarketLebensohn, M. P., 617 MarketPious, Louis, 157 MarketPious, Morris, 65 GroganRosenblum, J. D., 412 PomeroyStern, J., 170 Main

MadisonEllman, Geo., 114 E. MifflinEngelhardt, E., 309 StateFeldman, J., 1401 University Av.Jastrow, Mrs. Joseph, 237 LangdonKailen, B.. 827 University Av.Kasdin, Saul, 234 LakesideKay, Dr. H. M., 827 University

Av.Levltan, Sol., State and DaytonRichman, Sam. B., 22 E. MiffllnSinaiko, Albert, 802 MoundSinaiko, Alex., 80S ChandlerSinaiko, Sam., 716 W. MainSinaiko, Saul, 1215 MoundSinaiko, Wm.. 520 S. ParkWoldenberg, S. A., 519 Lake

MarinetteColion, L., 812 WellFeldsteln, Chas.. 1634 MainFriedsteln, H., MainGoodman. Wm., 1006 BlalnpWeksler, S., 346 Marinetie Av.

MedfordShapiro, Jacob

MilwaukeeLIFE MEMBEII

Friend, J. E., 657 Astor

SPECIAL MKMBICIISRubin. Jacob IT., 188 22dSchoen, Geo. B., 1706 StateSIdenlierg, Paul, 351 E. WaterWaldheim. V., 478 Terrace Av.Werba, Henry, 621 Chestnut

ANNUAL MEMBEHSAarons, Chris. L., 300 Onklnnd AvAarons, Lehman, 349 E. WaterAscher, Max, 306 Newberry Blvd.Birnbaum, A., 743 3dBlrnbaum, W. B.. 1318 ChestnutBornstein, Max. 733 Central Av.Cohen, David, 94S 5thCohen, Jonas, 260 BroadwayCohen, Louis, 702% 7thCohn, Dr. A. J., 121 Wisconsin

Coplin, Chas., 461 14thDe Nosaquo, S., 439 7thEckstein, Henry, 101 Free Press

Bldg.Eckstein, S. A., care of Wright's

Drug StoreEpstein, Theodort, 705 6thFreund, Charles, 401 Summit Av.Gardner, H., 197 Prospect Av.Gllcksman, Nathan, 485 Terrace Av.Goldberg, Dr. M., 629 VlietGollusch, nenry, 91 MichiganGratz, Dr. Chas.. 479 12thGreenberg, I., 962 1stHammel, Leopold, 3009 McKinley

Blvd.Heller, L. H., 116 13thHeller, Simon, 1921 Grand Av.I-Iirschberg, Joseph, 397 Summit Av.Hirshberg, Eev. Samuel, 543 Mur-

ray Av.Kaufman, A. M., 618 1stKerzin, Dr. Jas., 466 11th Av.Klein, Edward L., 614 MilwaukeeLandauer, Adolph, 358 BroadwayLandauer, Max, 290 Prospect Av.Levine, Harry, 100 E. CherryLinitzky, E. E., 681 13thMallen, Benesh, 326 ChestnutMarks, Caesar, 368 21stMarks, Harry, 215 24thMarkson, Dr. S. M., 479 12thMayer, J., 312 YalneMllw. Baron Hirsch Lodge, care of

J. Previant, Secy. 592 12thMontwid, V., 298 OthMosher, Alexander, 593 1stMuller, Morris, 250 PleasantMuskat. Louis, 677 3dNahin, Dr. H. L., 832y2 5thNeuman, J. H., 522 Terrace Av.Pereles, Tlios. J., 535 AstorPolacheck, J., 309 22dPoss, Ben.1., 869 Shepard Av.Poss, Jacob, 191 25thRabinovitch. Sam'l, 656 24thReligious School Temple Emanu-El,

B'way and MartinReitman, Leo. 763 16thRich, A. W., 638 AstorRothman, David, 486 6thRottman, M. B., 718 CherryRubin, Wm., 9 Cauker Bldg.Saltzstein, B. F., 302 Cudahy Apts.Raltzstein. .Tr>s.. 778 RacineSax Bros., 316 ChestnutSoble, J., 2726 ChestnutSoref, Hairy, 369 3dStern. Morris, 800 y, 27thStone. Nat., 544 Summit Av.Strauss, Isaac G.. 723 28thSure, Dr. J. H., 213 Farwell

1 OO


Tabor, Mrs. L. L., 237 Prospect Av.Teller, A., 744 Hackett Av.Ullman, Leo, 375 31stWeiscopf, Arthur S., 1608 StateWetzler, S. Fred., 261 26thWetzler, Dr. S. H., 631 Grand Av.Wollhelm. H. S.. 306 21st

OshkoshBaker, M. H., 220 FranklinBlock, Morris, 196 N. ParkCallln, D. S., 9th and OregonCohn, A. A., 69 MainEdelson, Rev. Louis, 628 8thGollin, Nathan, 1209 OregonWallach, H. L., OregonZolkovltz, Max, 1013 Oregon

RacineSPECIAL MEMBER

Revken, A., 1535 Wisconsin

ANNUAL MEMBEBSAlshuler, Frank, 801 Lake Av.Davidson, D., 1425 Park Av.

Grollman, Mrs. S., 7 Lucius Flats WisconsinHaas, I., 1119 Park Av.Kabaker, Jos., 5 Lucius FlatsKlein, Kal., 1121 Park Av.Mankowitz, H., 710 LakeWeinberg, B., 806 Lafayette Av.

RiponStrauss, Edw. M.

ShefcoyganMax, Mayer, 326 St. ClairPaykel, J., 716 N. 8th

SuperiorJosephs, S. Y., 1306 Tower Av.Shapiro, Louis M., 1905 JohnSiegel, A., 1124 Hammond Av.Siegel, Mrs. E., 1319 Hammond Av.

WatertownLiebermann, Albert B., 204 W.

Church

Albert Park, VictoriaMalenski, I., Langridge

AUSTRALIAFootscray, Victoria

Benjamin, L., 01 Bunbnry

Australia

Auckland, New ZealandPhillips, Louis, 27 Vermont, Pon-

sonby

Ballarat, VictoriaLevy, Rev. M. M., 16 ERosenthal, Mrs. Mark, 8 Victoria

Brisbane, QueenslandBlumberg, D.Blumberg, J., Wellington Rd.Blumberg, J. A., Wellington Rd.Frankel, P., 114 EdwardHertzberg, A. M., CharlotteHertzberg, AbrahamLevy, Rev. A., Stephens Rd.Phillips, S., Stephens Rd.

Brunswick, VictoriaLevy, P., 124 Brunswick Rd.

Carlton, VictoriaMutz, A., 486 Lygon

Diraedin, VictoriaTheomin, D. E., Aloorton

Melbourne, VictoriaAltson, B. H., Altson's CornerBarnett, Nahum, ElizabethCasper, E., 272 BourkeFriedman, M. M., MadelineGoldstein, Miss L., 143 Flinders

LaneHarris, A. (J. P.), ElizabethIsaacs, Justice, nigh Court of

AustraliaIsaacson, Michael, 14 CimenJacobs, Isaac. Cromwell Bldg.Jacobs, L., 18 Queens Rd.Jonah, Dr. J. L., University of

MelbourneLenzer, Rev. J., 225 Victoria Pa-

rade, E. MelbourneLibrary " Kadimah," care of J.

Rochlin, 116 Hotham, E. Mel-bourne

Rochlin. J., 116 Hotham, E. Mel-bourne

Rothberg, S., 159 ParkSlutzkin, S., Gayner Ct.

North Fitzroy, VictoriaBerner, L., 4 York PI.Kirsner, Mrs. Jacob, 140 BrunswickRothstadt, L., 417 Brunswick

123


Australia St. Kilda, VictoriaP.laski, G. L., BurnettCohen, H., 60 BarklyDanglov, Rev. Jacob, S. Leonards

Av.Englander, J., " Hcrmat," Dickens

Glass, Philip. Queens Rd.Goodman, A. S., 175 HighKemelfield, B., 36 Canterbury Rd.Myers, E. B., 32 LockPizer, S., 12 Charnwood Rd.Price, L., " Lyneside," Dickens St.

Austria

Belgium

Camilla

AUSTRIA

Prague, BohemiaAltschul, Hugo, 22 Karlsgasse,

Lizkov, Prague

BELGIUMAntwerp

Goldschmidtt, Albert, care of Lewyand Goldschmidt

CANADABridgewater, Ontario

Ducoffe, M.

Edmonton, AlbertaEdmonton Hebrew Literary Ins.,

Hamilton, OntarioLazarus, T. L.Monblatt, Miss W., 139 .Tamos, N.Shacofsky, Myer, 35 WilsonSweet, Dave, 18 Merrick

Kenora, OntarioShragge, A., P. O. Box 324

Massey, OntarioSadowski, David

Lunenburg, Nova ScotiaBachman, G. A.Whitehouse, Max D.

Montreal, QuebecLIBKAKY MEMBERS

Cohen. Lazarus. 228 BishopDarwin, Maurice Paul, 361 Roslyn

Av., Westmount

SPECIAL MEMBERSBoas, M., 366 Sherbrooke, E.Cohen, I., 4262 Western Ay.Freedman, Albert, 354 Oliver Av.,

WestmountFreedman, H. W., 226 St. Joseph

Blvd., Westmount

Freedman, Max, L'3 Shcrbrooke, E.Gardner, B., 130 CrescentGodinsky, Nathan II., 11 Souvenir

Av.Hart, Alan, 600 Argyle Av., West-

mountJacobs, Archie, 00 CrescentKussnc, I., 31 St. Louis Sq.Levi, Jack, 157 Notre Dame, W.Levin, A., 502 St. PaulLevitt, B., 74") CadieuxLivingstone, I. II., 063 TupperSisenvvine, Chas., 94 CrescentVosberg, H., 566 St. LawrenceWorkman, Mark, 119 Hutchinson

ANNUAL MEMBERSAbramowitz, Rev. Dr. II., 211 Stan-

leyAdelstein, J. L., 48 DroletAdelstein, Louis, 215 St. Lawrence

Blvd.Albert, J.. 53 St. Catherine, W.Albert, Moses, 271 St. Lawrence

Blvd.Alexander, A. J., 504 St. PaulAronson, K., 12 Oxenden Av.Baron de Hirsch Institute, 410

BleuryBerkson, J., 1507 ManceBeseur, Joseph H.. 1196 St. UrbainBlaustein, S., 10 St. PeterBoronow, Richard, 79 St. MatthewBoulkind, S., 91 OntarioBrown, 1<\, l l a Sherbrooke, E.Budyk, Dr. J., 896 St. Lawrence

Blvd.Cohen, A. Z., 460 Argyle Av., West-

mount

124


Cohen, Lyon, 8 Tower Av.Crown, Myer, 87 AndersonDarwin, B. A., 48 Dorchester, W.Davis, Harry E., 376 Elm Av.,

Westmountde Sola, Clarence I., 180 St. Jamesde Sola, Rev. Meldola, 338 Sher-

brooke, W.Diamond, J., 582 St. DenisDreyfus. Henry, 3 Plateau PlatsEagle Pub. Co., The, Ltd., care of

H. Wolfosky, 508 St. LawrenceBlvd.

Eliasoph, M. B., 10 St. PeterElkin, J., 61 Esplanade Av.Ellison, C.Falick, Abraham. 394 MitchesonFineberg, Zlgmond, 36 ShuterFisher, Chas., 98 BoggFi-eedman, Isidore, 4266 Western

Av.Gittleson, A. L., 913 St. DenisGlickman, Dr. A., 33 DroletGlickman, I., 95 ShutprGlickman, Moses J.. 28 HiitchinsonGlickman, Philip, 40 St. Louis Sq.Goldberg, Max, 508 St. PaulGoldman, Dr. I., 2342 ManceGoldman, Leon, 23 Esplanade Av.Goldstein, B., 267 BishopGoldstein, M., Royal Ins. Bldg.Gordon, C. J., 1651 HiitchinsonGordon, Rev. Nathan, 130 CrescentGreenberg, A., 287 Blvd. St. JosephHarris, A., 633 City Hall Av.Hart, H., 311 St. Lawrence Blvd.Hart, Lewis A., 236 Elm Av.Hart, Samuel, 215 Sherhrooke Av.Haskell, S., 346 Notre DameHelllig, Lyon, 206 McGillHeim, Julius, 308 Coristine Bldg.Heller, A., 217 St. LawrenceHerzfeld, Will. 107 Pine Av., E.Holstein, S., 320 Notre DameIsaacs, Myer J., His St. LawrenceJackel, David, 628 City Hall Av.Jacobs, Jacob A., 1014 Dorchester,

W.Jacobs, P., 62 St. Lawrence Blvd.Jacobs, S. A., 1109 Green Av.Jacobs, S. W., 97 St. JamesJacobson, Miss Etta, 55 ChurchJospe, J., 466 SanguinetKahn, S., 827 St. Catherine, E.Kellert, J., 242 BishopKellert, Sol., 351 St. JamesKirsch. David. 323 CiidieuxKirschberg, Isaac, 87 TupperKirschberg, Jos., 489 St. UrbainKlein, A., 6 Pine Av., A.Kortesk, B., 441 St. Paul

Lande, Nathan, 482 Strathcona Av., CanadaWestmount

Lang, H., 677 St. UrbainLauterman, Dr. M., 196 PeelLeavitt, A., 7 QueenLevi, D., 460 Mount StephenLevin, M. L,., 991 St. DrbainLevinoff, H. M., 20 N. Pine Av., W.Levinson, Jos., 4181 Sherbrooke,

WestmountLevitt, M., 22 Pine Av., A.Levy, David, 86 ShuterLevy, Louis, 74 Laval Av.Liverman, Max, 69 St. FamilleLtvlnson, N. Jacob, 189 Crnig, E.Margolese, Louis S., 151 St. JamesMargolick, M., 161 Mount Royal Av.Mendelsohn, S., 134 Laval Av.Mendelssohn, Joseph, 948 City Hall

Av.Moaris, A. E., 48 Westmount Av.Montefiore Club, care of L. H. Ja-

cobs, 399 GuyMyers, S. P., 552 St. CatherineNathanson, Henry, 1072 St. Law-

renceNess, R., 763 St. LawrenceOrtenberg, Dr. Sam'l, 772 St.

UrbainPayaner, Mrs. M.. 99 St. ElizabethPierce, A., 463 Alt. Pleasant Av.,

WestmountPierce, C, 412 SanguinetPinsler, P., 333 BleuryRabinovich, A., 25 Prospect, West-

mountRose, Isaac, 1003 TupperRosenberg, C, 60 Sherbrooke, West-

mountRoaenthal, S., 2208 St. UrbainRubin, C. S., 057 St. UrbainRubin, Dr. J., 709 St. UrbainRubinavich, J. B., 346 Notre DameSalomon, D., 1041 MeanSanders, G., 431 McKaySchuller, Oswald. 43 St.. SacramentSebloman, M., 3 Sussex Av.Seidman Bros. Co., Eagle Bldg.Shapiro, L., 125 St. LawrenceShip, Dr. A. B., 198 BishopShmerling, Sam, 43 St. CatherineSloves, M., 26 BenoitSommer, A., 292 St. CatherineSperling, John. 120 City CouncillorsSternklar, S., 52 St. CatherineTalpis, S., 34 St. Louis Sq.Tannenbaum, M., I l l MetcalfeTeplitzky, L., 477 St. DenisVineberg, Harris. 163 St. JamesVosberg, Snm, 1010 St. UrbainWeinfeld, John J., 197 Bleury

125


Canada Weinfield, Henry, 50S Quebec BankBldg.

Wener, S., 4155 Western Av.Young Men's Hebrew Ass'nZecovitch, Peter, 151 St. JamesZuckerman, H., 493 Sanguinet

Sarnia, OntarioHeller Bros., 188 ChristianaHertzberg, I., 270 S. ChristianaRosenberg, S., 127 EmmaStein, Wm., 106 Euphemia

Sherbrooke, QuebecEchenberg, Jack, 30 KingRosenbloom, J.

Sydney, Nova ScotiaNathanson, Jos., 646 Victoria Rd.

Toronto, OntarioLIBRARY MEMBER

Waldman, Louis, 209 John

SPECIAL MEMBERSGelber, M., 2S BrunswickGrossman, S. M., 961A Denison Av.Harris, S., 178 QueenHartman, Louis, 126 D'ArcyLevy, Bertha I., 82 Forest Hill Rd.Lorie, Solomon, 48 Clarendon Av.Lubelsky, S., 168 CrawfordMehr, S. M., 84 University Av.Pullan, E., SO D'ArcyPullan, Louis I., 254 SherbourneSapera, K. L., 31 St. PatrickSivitz, II., 34 Cecil

ANNUAL MEMBERSArkush, S. F., U. S. Customs, Union

Station

Cohen, Mark G., 558 HuronCooper, I., 112 BeverlyDanson, B., 179 Jamison Av.Davis, Lionel, 82 Kendal Av.Dushman, Dr. Saul. 7 HavelickEisman, Kathryn, 133 UlsterFreeman, Abraham, Dowling Apts.Goldstein, Bernard, 219 GraceGranatsteln. I. M., 53 St. PatrickGreenfarb, Sol, 174% BaldwinHarris, J., 123 QueenJosephl, Miss Kate, 215 Spadina

RoadKaplan, Rev. M., 166 JohnLandsberg, Miss M.. 195 CollegeLavine, Dr. S., 159 BeverlyLevi, Bens. 123 Queen, W.Levintcr. S., 22 CecilLewis, Abraham P., 129 BathurstMerker & Co.. 106 Adelaide, W.Nankin, S., 73 GrosvenerRosenthal, Wm., 503 Palmerstone

Blvd.Rycus, Mrs. G., 156 Lake Front,

Kew BeacliScheuer, Edmund, 88 YongeSimonsky, Simon, 107 QueenSinger, J., 51 Kendall Av.Smith, R., 238 SimcoeSolway, L. J.. 30 St. PatrickStein, Michael, 3f>6 QueenStone, Barnet, 500 QueenTeich. Davis. 386 YongeVise, David. 351 BathurstWillinsky, Dr. A. I., 189 College

Windsor, OntarioMeretskey, A., 37 MercerMeretskey, S., 24 Assumption

Vancouver, British ColumbiaFarber, Rev. Dr. R., 1506 Robson

Cuba

France

Germany

CUBAHavana

Schechter, M., San Rafael, 27FRANCE

ParisLIFE MEMBER

Weil, Meyer, 10 rue St. CficileGERMANY

Berlin Frankfort-on-the-MainCohn, Emil, Markgrafen, 30 Kauffmann, Dr. F., Bornestrasse, 41Levy, William B., 50 Hue Bayreu-

therstr., 5Darmstadt Leipzig

Bodenhelmer, Dr. L., Rhelnstrasse Kaufmnnn, M W., den Briihl 6524

126


KingstonDobrin, Rev. A. B.Finzi, Arthur S., Goodwin House,

South Camp Rd.

JAMAICA, B. W. I.Myers, Horace, 188 Harbour

Jamaica,B. W. I.

Spanish TownAndrade, Jacob A., 22 White Church

MEXICOMexico City

Loeb, Max, Apartado 503

PORTUGALSt. Miguel, Azores

Bensaude, JosS

SOUTH AFRICA

Mexico

Portugal

Amersfoort, TransvaalSimon, Philip, P. 0. Box 15

Beaconfield, Cape ColonyLevinsohn, M., Palmerston Hotel

Bechuanaland, Cape ColonySonnenberg, Mrs. M., P. 0. Box 36

Benoni, TransvaalLIFE MEMBERS

Benoni Dorshei Zlon AssociationKaplan, S., Box 192

Cape Town, Cape ColonyAlexander, Advocate M., 86 St.

GeorgeGittin, J., 119 HatfieldJunior Zionist Socy., 47 HopeKloot, E. H., Public School No. 62Millner, Max, P. O. Box 1467Schwartz, I., 4 GordonWalt, Morris, 10 ConstitutionWolf, A., P. 0. Box 646

Cape ProvinceAlexander, Prof. Jack, Rhodes Uni-

versity College, GrahamstownGesundheit, J., Knapdaav Richmond

Rd.Miller, A. H., Upington

Ficksburg, Orange Free StatePincus, M., Novitgedacht

GermistonGuinsbcrg, M., Knight Central G. M.

Co.Kaplan, M., Knight Central G. M.apiai

Co.

Gobeni, NatalAlleson, Arthur

Harrismith, Orange Free StateKahn, M.Hosing, L.Yaffshitz, ,H.

Jeppestown, TransvaalChosak, Israel, P. 0. 215Bntine, K. Esq., 260 MarketHershel, P. O. Box 215Hillman, W., Marshall St.Llpshitz, Rev. H., 239 Commissioner

Johannesburg, TransvaalAbelhein, Dr. A., Hospital St.Alexander, B., P. O. Box 2590Atkins, A., P. O. Box 3555Barnett, B., 25 SoperBelcher, Lewis L., P. O. Box 952Bernstein, J., P. O. Box 338Chalmovitz, B. J., P. O. Box 2869Cohen, A. J., P. O. Box 2183Cohen, N., P. O. Box 2099Executive Council of South African

Zionist Federation, P. O. Box 18Fine, E. V., Box 338Fine, Mark, 63 JulaFelnsteln, D., Box 1904Frledlander, I., 11 OckerseeGinsberg, A., P. O. Box 3158Goldlng, W., P. O. Box 3480Goodman, I. M., 23 van der Merwe

St., HlllbrowHebrew High School, P. O. Box

5575Hurwitz, Rev. M. S., 43 HayIsaacks, A., P. O. Box 212Isaacs, J. H., P. O. Box 5575Jacob, care of Chadwick, 30 Del-

vers

SouthAfrica

127


South Jacobs, J., Box 338Africa Tanower, .T.. P. O. Box 5507

Johannesburg Zion Association, P.O. Box. 2869

.Tosselovitz, H.. P. O. Box 2516Kahn, Miss Lina, Government Jew-

ish SchoolLandau, Rev. Dr. J. L., 23 HancockLapidus, B.. P. O. Box 3480Levison, I. H., 47 LovedayLevy, Isaac. P. O. Box, 5507Lichtheim, H., 63 Esselen St.Luria, Dr. O. A., P. O. Box 188Marcuson, Harry, 39 TwistPencharz. Bernard. P. O. Box 2590Pincus, S., P. O. Box 5249Rabb, Ralph, P. O. Box 338Raphally, S.. P. O. Box 5996Renvid, M., 39 EsselenKosengard, Miss Leah, Government

Jewish SchoolSchlosberK. A., P. O. Box 2025Shapiro, S.. P. O. Box 1444Smith, A.. P. O. Box 4983Wilk. A.. 11 O'Reallv Rrl., BereaWoolf, Rev. W., 100 Van Beck

Kiniberley, Cape ColonyApter, S., GeorgeCohen, B.. Bella Vista, BelgraviaCohen, Joe, 54 N. MainDavidson, J., New MainDiamond. S.. 10 GiddyGrlqualand West Ezrath Zlon Assn.,

2 N. Circular Rd.Isaacs, Rev. II., Synago^uo HouseIsaacson, Miss C, P. O. Box 418Kremer, S., P. O. Box 218Long, N., care of D. Isaacs & Co.

Maresky, J., 25 S. Circular Rd.Price, Maurice, P. O. Box 376Segal, L., De Beers Rd.Susman, Oscar, Sesheke Northern

Rhodesia, So. Africa

Kroonstad, Orange Free StateDavis, H., Box 40Mervls, Ben., Box 18

Lorenzville, TransvaalJacobson, C. I., 26 Sydney Rd.

Minzenberg, Cape of Good HopeEmdln, N.

Oudtshoorn, Caps ColonyLevin, Mark, Commercial House

Platrand, TransvaalBloch, Louis

Port Elizabeth, Cape ColonyGluckman, J., 49 Cape Road

Pretoria, TransvaalDavis, Advocate Adolf, Alexander

Bldg.Freedman, E., Box 668Gulnsberg, M., P. O. Box 12Phillips, Rev., Synagogue House

Eoodepoort, TransvaalGetz, S., P. 0. Box 238

Springs, TransvaalEpstein, S., P. 0. Box 19

TurkeyMersina

Nathan, Edward I., The AmericanConsul

TURKEYSalonica

Cuenca, H., rue Kazaudjilar

128


CHAETEE

The terms of the charter are as follows:The name of the corporation is THE JEWISH PUBLICATION

SOCIETY OF AMERICA.

The said Corporation is formed for the support of a benevo-lent educational undertaking, namely, for the publication anddissemination of literary, scientific, and religious works, giv-ing instruction in the principles of the Jewish religion and inJewish history and literature.

The business of said corporation is to be transacted in thecity and county of Philadelphia.

The corporation is to exist perpetually.There is no capital stock, and there are no shares of stock.The corporation is to be managed by a Board of Trustees,

consisting of fifteen members, and by the following officers:President, Vice-President, Secretary, and Treasurer, and suchother officers as may from time to time be necessary.

129


BY-LAWS

ARTICLE I

MembershipSECTION I.—The Society shall be composed of Annual

Members, Special Members, Library Members, Patrons,Friends, and Life Members. Any person of the Jewish faithmay become a Member by paying annually the sum of threedollars ($3), or a Special Member by the annual payment offive dollars ($5), or a Library Member by the annual pay-ment of ten dollars ($10), or a Patron by the annual pay-ment of twenty dollars ($20), or a Friend by the annualpayment of fifty dollars ($50), or a Life Member by onepayment of one hundred dollars ($100).

SEC. II.—Any Jewish Society may become a Member bythe annual payment of ten dollars ($10).

SEC. III.—Any person may become a Subscriber by theannual payment of three dollars ($3), which entitles him orher to all the publications of the Society to which membersare entitled.

ARTICLE I I

MeetingsSECTION I.—The annual meeting of this Society shall be

held in the month of May, the day of such meeting to befixed by the Directors at their meeting in the previous March.

SEC. II.—Special meetings may be held at any time at thecall of the President, or by a vote of a majority of the Boardof Directors, or at the written request of fifty members of theSociety.

130


ARTICLE III

Officers and their Duties

SECTION I.—There shall be fifteen Directors, to be electedby the Society by ballot.

At the first meeting all of the said fifteen shall be elected,five of them to serve for one year, five for two years, and fivefor three years, and at every subsequent annual meeting fiveshall be elected for three years.

SEC. II.—Out of the said fifteen, the Society shall annu-ally elect a President, Yice-President, and Second Vice-President, who shall hold their offices for one year.

SEC. III.—The Society shall also elect fifteen HonoraryVice-Presidents, in the same manner and for the same termsof office as the Directors are chosen.

SEC. IV.—The Board of Directors shall elect a Treasurer,a Secretary, and such other officers as they may from time totime find necessary or expedient for the transaction of theSociety's business.

SEC. V.—The Board of Directors shall appoint its owncommittees, including a Publication Committee, which com-mittee may consist in whole or in part of members of theBoard.

The Publication Committee shall serve for one year.

ARTICLE IV

Quorum

SECTION I.—Forty members of the Society shall constitutea quorum for the transaction of business.

131


ARTICLE V

VacanciesSECTION I.—The Board of Directors shall have power to

fill all vacancies for unexpired terms.

ARTICLE VI

BenefitsSECTION I.—Every member of the Society shall receive a

copy of each of its publications approved by the Board ofTrustees for distribution among the members.

ARTICLE VII

Free DistributionSECTION I.—The Board of Directors is authorized, to dis-

tribute copies of the Society's publications among such insti-tutions as may be deemed proper, and wherever such distri-bution may be deemed productive of good for the cause ofIsrael.

ARTICLE VIII

AuxiliariesSECTION I.—Other associations for a similar object may

be made auxiliary to this Society, by such names and insuch manner as may be directed by the Board of Directors,and shall have the privilege of representation at meetings.Agencies for the sale and distribution of the Society's publi-cations shall be established by the Board of Directors indifferent sections of the country. The Society shall have theright to establish branches.

132


ARTICLE IX

FinancesSECTION I.—Moneys received for life memberships, and

donations and bequests for such purpose, together with suchother moneys as the Board of Directors may deem proper,shall constitute a permanent fund, but the interest of suchfund may be used for the purposes of the Society.

ARTICLE X

AmendmentsThese By-Laws may be altered or amended by a vote of

two-thirds of those entitled to vote at any meeting of theSociety; provided that thirty days' notice be given by theBoard of Directors, by publication, to the members of theSociety.

133


LIST OF BOOKSISSUED BY

THE JEWISH PUBLICATION SOCIETY

OF AMERICA

HISTORYHISTORY OF THE JEWS.—By PROF. H. GRAETZ. Portrait; maps.

Cloth, $2.00 per volume, $9.00 per set of six volumes; three-quarter Persian Morocco, $18.00.

OUTLINES OF JEWISH HISTORY.—By LADY MAGNUS. 388 pp.School Edition, 60 cents.

JEWISH HISTORY.—By S. M. DUBNOW. 184 pp. 60 cents.A SKETCH OF JEWISH HISTORY.—By GUSTAV KABPELES. 109

pp. 25 cents.JEWS AND JUDAISM IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.—By

GUSTAV KAEPELES. 83 pp. 25 cents.JEWISH LIFE IN THE MIDDLE AGES.—By ISRAEL ABRAHAMS.

452 pp. $1.50.OLD EUROPEAN JEWRIES.—By DAVID PHIIJPSON. 281 pp.

75 cents.THE MESSIAH IDEA IN JEWISH HISTORY.—By JULIUS H.

GREENSTONE. 348 pp. 75 cents.THE PERSECUTION OF THE JEWS IN RUSSIA.—87 pp. 25

cents. (Out of print.)•WITHIN THE PALE.—The True Story of the Anti-Semitic Per-

secution in Russia.—By MICHAEL DAVITT. 300 pp. 30 cents.

THE VOICE OF AMERICA ON KISHINEFF.—Edited by CYRUSADLER. 499 pp. 30 cents.

* Books marked with an asterisk sold to Members only.


BIOGRAPHY, ESSAYS, AND MISCELLANEOUSWORKS

RASH I.—By MAUBICE LIBER. Translated by ADELE SZOLD. 278pp. 60 cents.

MAIM ON IDES.—BY DAVID YELLIN and ISRAEL ABRAHAMS. 239pp. 60 cents.

PHILO-JUDAEUS OF ALEXANDRIA.—By NORMAN BENTWICH.273 pp. $1.00.

LEON GORDON.—By ABRAHAM B. RHINE. 181 pp. 75 cents.

SOME JEWISH WOMEN.—By HENRY ZIRNDORF. 270 pp. $1.25.(Out of print.)

SONGS OF EXILE. By Hebrew Poets. Translated by NINADAVIS. 146 pp. 50 cents.

JEWISH LITERATURE AND OTHER ESSAYS.—By GUSTAVKARPELES. 404 pp. $1.25.

CHAPTERS ON JEWISH LITERATURE.—By ISRAEL ABRAHAMS.275 pp. 75 cents.

THE RENASCENCE OF HEBREW LITERATURE (1743-1885).BY NAHUM SLOUSCHZ. 307 pp. $1.25.

THE HOLY SCRIPTURES WITH COMMENTARY—MICAH.—By MAX L. MARGOLIS. 104 pp. 75 cents.

ESSAYS ON THE TALMUD.—By ARSENE DARMESTETER andEMANUEL DEUTSCII (bound in one volume). 50 cents.

READINGS AND RECITATIONS.—Compiled by ISABEL E. COHEN., 294 pp. 50 cents.

LEGENDS AND TALES.—Compiled by ISABEL E. COHEN. 260pp. 50 cents.

SELECTIONS OF PROSE AND POETRY.—By MARION L. MISCH.444 pp. $1.25.

JEWISH SERVICES IN SYNAGOGUE AND HOME.—By LEWISN. DEMBITZ. 487 pp. $1.00.

THE ETHICS OF JUDAISM, PARTS I AND II.—By M. LAZARUS.$1.50.

STUDIES IN JUDAISM, First Series.—By S. SCHECHTER. 359 pp.$1.75.


STUDIES IN JUDAISM, Second Series.—By S. SCIIECHTEK. 362pp. $2.00.

THE LEGENDS OF THE JEWS, Vols. I, II and III.—By LouisGINZBEBG. $2.00 each.

SELECTED ESSAYS BY AHAD HA-'AM.—Translated by LEONSIMON. 347 pp. $1.50.

SABBATH HOURS.—By LIEBMAN ADLER. 338 pp. 75 cents.

HEARTH AND HOME ESSAYS.—By ESTIIEB J. RUSKAT. 96 pp.25 cents.

JEWS IN MANY LANDS.—By ELKAN ADLER. 259 pp. 75 cents.

PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE FIFTH ANNUAL SESSION OFTHE SUMMER ASSEMBLY OF THE JEWISH CHAUTAU-QUA SOCIETY. 25 cents.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIRST CONVENTION OF THENATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN. 426 pp. 50cents.

PAPERS OF THE JEWISH WOMEN'S CONGRESS. 270 pp.50 cents.

AMERICAN JEWISH YEAR BOOK.—Edited by CYRUS ADLER,HENRIETTA SZOLD, and HEKHERT FRIEDENWALD.

For 5660For 5661For 5662For 5663For 5664For 5665For 5666For 5667For 5668For 5669For 5670For 5671For 5672For 5673

(1899(1900-(1901-(1902-(1903-(1904-(1905-(1906-(1907-(1908-(1909-(1910-(1911-(1912-

•1900).1901).1902).1903).1904).1905).1906).•1907).1908).1909).•1910).1911).1912).1913).

290 pp.763 pp.321 pp.321 pp.329 pp.517 pp.3C7 pp.307 pp.662 pp.362 pp.368 pp.449 pp.465 pp.463 pp.

75 cents.$1.00.75 cents.75 cents.75 cents.$1.00.75 cents.75 cents.$3.00.75 cents.75 cents.75 cents.75 cents.75 cents.


FICTIONTHE VALE OF CEDARS AND OTHER TALES.—By GEACE

AGTJILAR. 428 pp. ?1.00.

STRANGERS AT THE GATE.—By SAMUEL GORDON. 458 pp.$1.00.

SONS OF THE COVEN ANT.—By SAMUEL GORDON. 500 pp. $1.00.

IDYLS OF THE GASS.—By MARTHA WOLFENSTEIN. 295 pp. 75cents.

A RENEGADE AND OTHER TALES.—By MARTHA WOLFEN-STEIN. 322 pp. 75 cents.

UNDER THE EAGLE'S WING.—By SARA MILLER. 229 pp. 50cents.

LOST PRINCE ALMON.—By Louis PENDLETON. 218 pp. 50cents.

STEP BY STEP.—Story of the Early Life of Moses Mendelssohn.—By ABEAM S. ISAACS. 162 pp. 75 cents.

DAVID THE GIANT KILLER AND OTHER TALES OFGRANDMA LOPEZ.—By EMILY SOLIS-COHEN. 250 pp. 75cents.

IN ASSYRIAN TENTS.—By Louis PENDLETON. 248 pp. 50 cents.

*THEY THAT WALK IN DARKNESS.—Ghetto Tragedies.—ByI. ZANOWILL. 486 pp. $1.00.

•DREAMERS OF THE GHETTO.—By I. ZANGWILL. 537 pp. $1.00.

•CHILDREN OF THE GHETTO.—By I. ZANGWILL. 2 vols. 451

pp., 325 pp. $2.50.

IN THE PALE.—By HENRY ILIOWIZI. 367 pp. 75 centsi

RABBI AND PRIEST.—By MILTON GOLDSMITH. 314 pp. 60 cents.

THINK AND THANK.—By S. W. COOPER. 120 pp. 35 cents.

VOEGELE'S MARRIAGE AND OTHER TALES.—By LouisSCHNABEL. 83 pp. 25 cents. (Out of print.)


BEATING SEA AND CHANGELESS BAR.—By JACOB LAZABRE.133 pp. 50 cents.

STORIES AND PICTURES.—By ISAAC LOEB PEREZ. 456 pp.$1.25.

STORIES OF JEWISH HOME LIFE.—By S. H. MOSENTHAL. 388pp. 75 cents.

SIMON EICHELKATZ—THE PATRIARCH.—Two Stories ofGerman Jewish Life.—By ULEICH FRANK. 432 pp. 75 cents.

THE SIGN ABOVE THE DOOR.—By W. W. CANFIELD. 325 pp.?1.00.

* Books marked with an asterisk sold to Members only.

Publications sent from the Society's Office Postpaid

Special Terms to Schools, Libraries, and Booksellers

The Jewish Publication Society of America608 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pa.

Zt>t JSorJ (gtafttmore (pBALTIMORE, MD., U. 8. A.

ADVERTISEMENTS 453

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