Notes for Test

Women in Power

Henry VIII Background – the Tudors

Henry VII

Elizabeth of York

Henry VIII

1491-1547, part of the Tudor family

King of England from 1509 until his death.

Married 6 times

Responsible for separation of Church of England from the Catholic Church.

Henry VIII

Henry VIII

Catherine of Aragon

Mary I, Queen of England

Anne Boleyn

Elizabeth I

Jane Seymour

Edward VIAnne of Cleves

Catherine Howard

Catherine Parr

Henry VIII’s Wives and Children

Anne Boleyn (1501-1536) Henry VIII’s second wifeQueen from 1533-1536Maid of Honour to Catherine

of AragonShe refused Henry’s pursuits,

as she did not want to become his mistress like her sister

She could not bear a sonWas accused of, tried for, and

executed for adultery, high treason, and incest

Tudors (1485-1603)Henry VIIHenry VIIIEdward VILady Jane GreyMary IElizabeth I

James ICharles I

Order of the MonarchsStuarts (1603-1649)

Lady Jane Grey Dudley (1536/7-1554)

The Nine Days’ QueenEdward VI announced her to

be his successorThis went against Henry VIII’s

wishesMarried to Lord Guildford

DudleyImprisoned in the Tower of

London and convicted of high treason

Executed (about age 16 or 17)Viewed as a political victim

and a martyr

Mary I (Tudor) (1516-1558)Second in line for the

throne after Edward VI, according to Henry VIII

CatholicMarried to Philip II of Spain

No childrenKnown as Bloody Mary

Due to brutal persecutions of Protestants

280+ Protestants burned at the stake

Died of influenzaFirst woman to successfully

claim the throne

Elizabeth I (Tudor) (1553-1603)Took the throne after Mary IKnown as the Virgin QueenEstablished an English

Protestant ChurchHer time of reign is known

as the Elizabethan EraLiterary advances, theathre

44 years on the throne symbolized stability

Imprisoned her rival, Mary, Queen of Scots

Mary, Queen of Scots (1542-1587)

Became queen of Scotland at 6 days old

Married Francis, Dauphin of France (Prince of France) in 1558Francis died in 1560

Then married Henry StuartHad a son, JamesHenry was murdered in

1567Married James HepburnWas in custody for 18.5

years before being executedCharged with plotting to kill

Elizabeth I

Jumping the CenturiesHouse of Hanover and House of Windsor

Queen Mary II

The Last Stuart WomenQueen Anne

Between Elizabeth I and Victoria, there were two other women who sat on the throne, Queen Mary II and Queen Anne.

Both queens were of the Stuart line.Mary II never had children.Anne did not have any surviving children.The Stuart line ended with Anne.

Jumping the Centuries

Victoria (Hanover) (1819-1901)Took the throne at age 18,

after her three uncles diedMarried Prince Albert

Had 9 childrenKnown as “Grandmother of

Europe”Albert died in 1861 and

Victoria went into mourningReigned for 63 years 7

months, known as Victorian Era, great progress at time

The last of the Hanover line

Elizabeth II (Windsor) (1926-present)

Began her reign at age 25 in 1952, after the death of her father, George VI.

Currently has the second longest reign at 61 years

Married Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark in 1947He was prompted to take

her last nameThey have 4 children

Has celebrate Silver, Golden, and Diamond Jubilees.