Queen Elizabeth IReign: 1558-1603

• born in 1533; daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn

Anne Boleyn (left)

Henry VIII (below)

Anne Boleyn (left)

Henry VIII (below)• ascended to

the throne at 25

• period of time during Elizabeth’s reign is known as the “Elizabethan Era”

Young Queen Elizabeth

Young Queen Elizabeth

• extremely popular

• England torn by religious strife when she became queen (Protestantism vs. Catholicism)

• between 1559 and 1563 established the Church of England (Protestant)

• Catholics, Puritans (others) were persecuted

• marital status a political concern because there was no English heir; “Virgin Queen”

• chose her nephew James to take over as King

Queen Elizabeth

Queen Elizabeth

The Queen’s Personal Possessions

Her bootsHer boots Royal Seal of England

Royal Seal of England Her hat,

gloves, stockings

Her hat, gloves,

stockings

Her signature (the “R” means

Queen)

Her signature (the “R” means

Queen)Elizabeth’s

tomb

Elizabeth’s tomb

Windsor Castle Exterior

Windsor Castle Interior Interior

St. George’s Chapel & St. George’s Hall

St. George’s Chapel & St. George’s Hall

Lantern LobbyLantern Lobby

Queen’s Audience Chamber

Queen’s Audience Chamber

Windsor Staircase

Windsor Staircase

Windsor Reception

Hall

Windsor Reception

Hall

Women’s Fashions • represented

people’s wealth, prestige, and social class

• girls were heavily dressed with stockings, corset, bodice, waist-petticoats and a gown

• girls often covered heads with a hat or scarf; tied hair up

Middle-class women (left-top); upper-class woman (right-top); peasant women (left-bottom); women wore their hair up, tied

with ribbon or net

Middle-class women (left-top); upper-class woman (right-top); peasant women (left-bottom); women wore their hair up, tied

with ribbon or net

• wore shirts, fitting jackets, fitting tights, and breeches; rich wore capes

• wealthy dressed for “show” rather than comfort

Hairstyles of the 16th century (top-left); upper-class man (top-right); peasant men (bottom)

Hairstyles of the 16th century (top-left); upper-class man (top-right); peasant men (bottom)

Men’s Fashions

Food & Drink• upper classes ate roasted and boiled meat, poultry and fish

• use of sugar gaining popularity

• spices were used by the upper classes

•1st meal of the day was breakfast

• dinner around 11-12 and supper between 6 and 9 PM

• ate a lot of bread, cheese, vegetables and fruit and meat• utensils were made of clay, iron, copper, and pewter• each person carried his knife; used it at dinner table• drank fermented beverages like ale, cider• ate fruits, pies, tarts, and custards

Occupations

Furniture16th century close-stool

16th century close-stool

Candle stickCandle stick

A pegged trestle table

A pegged trestle table

A boarded chest (cheapest type of furniture)

A boarded chest (cheapest type of furniture)

Entertainments

DancingDancing

TavernsTaverns

ChessChessBowlsBowlsCardsCards

More Pastimes

JoustingJousting

FishingFishingFencingFencing

Social Classes in Elizabethan England

1.Royalty – kings and queens

2.Nobility – dukes, barons, earls

3.Gentry – knights, squires, gentlemen/gentlewomen

4.Yeomen – farmers, tradesmen and craft workers 5.Poor – often homeless, unemployed widows, sick, disabled, elderly, wounded soldiers

16th century English Village

16th century English Village