new towards a european drought observatory (edo) · 2016. 6. 3. · jrc information exchange day...

JRC Information Exchange Day – 02 June 2010 – Madrid 1

Towards a European Drought Observatory (EDO)

Jürgen VogtEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre

Institute for Environment and SustainabilityIspra (VA), Italy

http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu


•

Temporary decrease in natural water availability

•

Different from water scarcity (imbalance between natural water availability and human demand)

•

Slowly developing phenomenon

•

Affects large areas and populations

•

Propagates through the full hydrological cycle

•

Can have long-term and far reaching economic and environmental impacts

Characteristics of DroughtCharacteristics of Drought

Drought


Area Affected by DroughtArea Affected by Drought19

76

1980

1990

2000

2006

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 200 000

1 400 000

1 000 000

km2

1976

19901991

1995

2003

1989

’83

‘88

EU area affected by drought in the last 30 years

1976

1980

1990

2000

2006

200 000

400 000

600 000

800 000

1 200 000

1 400 000

1 000 000

km2

1976

19901991

1995

2003

1989

’83

‘88

EU area affected by drought in the last 30 years

In the last 30 years Europe has repeatedly been affected by major droughts

In the past, focus on the Mediterranean region

Central and Eastern Europe as well as other parts of Europe become increasingly affected

From 2000 to 2006, 15% of the EU territory and 17% of the EU population have been affected on an annual basis

Source: European Commission, 2007 (WS&D, 2nd

Interim Report)


Drought ImpactsDrought Impacts

Period Total Impact Impact/year

1976 – 1980 12 340 2 470

1981 – 1985 4 360 870

1986 – 1990 14 460 2 890

1991 – 1995 23 390 4 680

1996 – 2000 8 060 1 610

2001 – 2006 37 400 6 230

TOTAL 100 000

Environmental Impacts:

•

Drought can cause serious long-term environmental impacts (e.g., water quality, salinization, desiccation of wetlands, soil erosion, desertification, …)

•

These impacts are difficult to quantify and data are generally lacking

Economic Impacts:

•

Last 30 years: estimated cost of at least 100 billion Euros

•

2003: estimated 6.7 billion Euros, 1/3 of EU territory affected

•

Annual economic impact doubled from 1976- 1990 to 1991-2006

Source: European Commission, 2007 (WS&D, 2nd

Interim Report)


Communication on Water Scarcity and Drought

yearly aggregated drought indicators

yearly water scarcity indicators

EDOJRC

European Reporting and Information System (WISE)

WS&D-ISEEA

Global Drought Monitoring System

NetworkNetwork

COM(2007)414Final

EDO ContextEDO Context

EDOEuropean Drought Observatory

WS&D ISWater Scarcity

& Drought Information System


EDO - VisionEDO - Vision

•

Web-based Platform for detection, monitoring, forecasting and information exchange

Provide up-to-date drought-related information at different scales

Allow for up- and downscaling

Real-time monitoring and forecasting (early warning, preparedness)

Europe

•

Multi-scale approach, integratingContinental level MS level Regional level

Commonly agreed products (e.g., drought indices)

Joint comparison and analysis of information

Spain

•

Subsidiarity principleEuropean level information processed by JRCNational datasets managed at MS levelRegional information processed by river basin / regional environmental authorities

Ebro basin


Need for a set of indicators

to constantly monitor the various

environmental components

potentially affected by droughts

No single definition of drought

Using a Variety of Drought IndicatorsUsing a Variety of Drought Indicators

comprehensive and updated picture of the situation


MeteorologicalData

Stations

Fields

Fore-casts

Relevant Authorities: European level, Member States, River Basins, …

EDO Map ServerEDO Map Server

EDO System SetupEDO System Setup

European Data Layers

LC/LUSoil

DEM

…

RBs

VEGETATION STATE

Hydrological Processes

MONITORING MONITORING & MODELLING& MODELLING

Land Surface ProcessesRemote SensingData

FAPAR

NDWI

TimeSeries

ProductsProducts

Rainfall Anomalies

Soil MoistureAnomalies

VegetationVigour

…



Monthly Precipitation Anomaly (SPI-1)April 2010, 5km grid

Monthly Precipitation Anomaly (SPI-1)April 2010, average per region

Precipitation AnalysisPrecipitation Analysis


Precipitation AnalysisPrecipitation Analysis

http://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu/

SPI-3

3-month Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)for 02-04/2010, aggregated to regional level

Córdoba, 1990 -

today

Extremely drySPI < -2.00

Severe dry-2.00 ≤ SPI < -1.50

Moderately dry-1.50 ≤ SPI < -1.00

Near normal-1.00 ≤ SPI < 1.00

Moderately wet1.00 ≤ SPI < 1.50

Very wet1.50 ≤ SPI < 2.00

Extremely wetSPI ≥ 2.00

Class nameSPI value

Extremely drySPI < -2.00

Severe dry-2.00 ≤ SPI < -1.50

Moderately dry-1.50 ≤ SPI < -1.00

Near normal-1.00 ≤ SPI < 1.00

Moderately wet1.00 ≤ SPI < 1.50

Very wet1.50 ≤ SPI < 2.00

Extremely wetSPI ≥ 2.00

Class nameSPI value


Soil Moisture InformationSoil Moisture Information

Based on the LISFLOOD hydrological model5km spatial resolution

Soil Moisture

1.8 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6 5.0 very wet very dry

13 April 2010

Soil Moisture Anomaly

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 wetter normal drier

13 April 2010

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 wetter normal drier

Soil Moisture Anomaly Forecast (7 days)

Until 22 April 2010 Until 22 April 2010

Soil Moisture Trend (7 days)

wetter no change drier


Vegetation VitalityVegetation Vitality

fAPAR, 21-31 May 20091km resolution

fAPAR Anomaly, 21-31 May 2009Fraction of Absorbed PhotosyntheticallyActive Radiation (fAPAR)

Satellite Observations

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Calculated from MERIS and SeaWIFS data (1997 ) http://fapar.jrc.ec.europa.eu


SE SpainDrought events in 2005 and 2006.

Anomalies ofVegetation Vigour, Soil Moisture, and Precipitation (SPI3)

Non-irrigated arable land

Multisource Drought MonitoringMultisource Drought Monitoring


EDO Map Server: Output OptionsEDO Map Server: Output Options

Maps (Grid and administrative units)

Time Series (Specific queries possible)

PDF Reports, JPGs

KML file


Next StepsNext Steps

1. Europe: Further development and validation of indicators

2. Europe: Building of composite indicator

3. Harmonisation and integration with national, regional and river basin systems

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EUROGEOSS project data and information infrastructure

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Water Scarcity and Drought Expert Network

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Drought Management Centre for South East Europe (DMCSEE), Ljubljana, Slovenia

-

Observatorio

Nacional

de Sequías

(MARM, Spain)

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Confederación

Hidrografica

del Ebro (CHE, Spain)

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Segura River Basin (Spain)

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Italy, France, UK, …


Joint Research CentreDrought Monitoring and Forecasting

-

Rainfall monitoring -

Vegetation Cover-

Soil Moisture

Ministerio de Medio Ambiente (MARM)Observatorio Nacional de la SequíaSistema Integrado de Informacióndel Agua (SIA)e.g. drought indicators, actual ET, …

Confederación Hidrográfica del Ebro SAIH Ebro, SITEbrohydrographic indicators

p g y p ypp g y p yp

Multi-level Drought MonitoringMulti-level Drought Monitoring

Presenter

Presentation Notes

SAIH Ebro = Sistema Automático de Información Hidrológica; Information System of the Ebro River Basin Authority SITEbro = Sistema de Información Territorial del Ebro, another information system of the Ebro River Basin Authority MARM: Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino: new construction since June 2008, joining environmental and agricultural ministry in Spain! (www.marm.es)


Next StepsNext Steps

4. Build a database on past drought events

5. Hazard, vulnerability and risk analysis

6. Impact analysis (e.g., land cover analysis, economic and ecological damages, …)

7. Drought forecasting

8. Develop a comprehensive Drought Portal, including

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EDO Map Server

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Metadata

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Database on past drought events

- …

To support drought management planning and drought mitigation

EDO Prototype to be ready by end 2012


Thank you!

Further Information:[email protected]

http://desert.jrc.ec.europa.eu


new towards a european drought observatory (edo) · 2016. 6. 3. · jrc information exchange day...

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