new k ratle dams’ dispute with india · 2019. 1. 28. · jhelum at mangla 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35...
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GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN
MINISTRY OF WATER AND POWER
OFFICE OF PAKISTAN COMMISSIONER FOR INDUS WATERS
MIRZA ASIF BAIG
PAKISTAN COMMISSIONER FOR INDUS WATERS (PCIW)
MAY 2017
1
KISHENGANGA AND RATLE DAMS’ DISPUTE WITH INDIA
MEETING WITH
WORLD BANK DELEGATION
INDUS BASIN MAP
Inflows of Western Rivers at Rim Stations in Pakistan
Sr. No. River Stations
Annual Volume (MAF)
Pre-Treaty
(1922-1960)
Post-Treaty
(1960-2013)
1 Indus at Kalabagh 91.05 88.27
2 Jhelum at Mangla 23.16 22.21
3 Chenab at Marala 25.52 25.38
Total 139.73 135.85
ARTICLE-III
PROVISIONS REGARDING WESTERN RIVERS
(INDUS, JHELUM AND CHENAB) (What is allowed to India)
(a) Domestic Use;
(b) Non-Consumptive Use;
(c) Agricultural Use , as set out in Annexure C; and
(d) Generation of Hydro-electric Power, as set out in
Annexure D.
(3)…
(What is not allowed)
(4) Except as provided in Annexures D and E, India
shall not store any water of , or construct any
storage works on the Western Rivers.2/2 4
ARTICLE-III
PROVISIONS REGARDING WESTERN RIVERS
(INDUS, JHELUM AND CHENAB)
(1) Pakistan shall receive for unrestricted use all
those waters of the Western Rivers which
India is under obligation to let flow under the
provisions of Paragraph 2.
(2) India shall be under an obligation to let flow all
the waters of the Western Rivers and shall not
permit any interference with these waters,
except for the following uses:
1/25
River SystemGeneral
Storage
Power
Storage
Flood
Storage
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
MAF
(a) The Indus 0.25 0.15 Nil
(b) The Jhelum
(excluding Main)
0.50 0.25 0.75
(c) The Jhelum Main Nil Nil As per
Paragraph 9
(d) The Chenab
(excluding Main)
0.50 0.60 Nil
(e) The Chenab Main Nil 0.60 Nil
STORAGE PERMITTED TO INDIA UNDER THE TREATY
Figures in Acres
River Eff. Date Add Area Total From Flow 2014-15
Indus 42,179 70,000 112,179 112,179 51,126
Jhelum 517,909 400,000 917,909 667,909 638,563
Chenab 82,389 231,000 313,389 132,389 110,008
Total: 642,477 701,000 1,343,477 912,477 799,697
AGRICULTURAL AREAS ON WESTERN RIVERS
PERMISSIBLE LIMITS OF IRRIGATED AREA ON THE WESTERN RIVERS UNDER ANNEXURE-C
Particulars
Maximum Irrigated Cropped Area (over and above the cropped area irrigated under the provisions of Paragraphs 3 & 4)(acres)
(a) From The Indus, in its drainage basin 70,000
(b) From The Jhelum, in its drainage basin 400,000
(c) From the Chenab
(i) In its drainage basin 225,000 of which not more than 100,000 acres will be in the Jammu District.
(ii) Outside its drainage basin in the area west of the Deg Nadi (also called Devak River), the aggregate capacity of irrigating channels leading out of the drainage basin of The Chenab to this area not to exceed 120 cusecs
6,000
Paragraph 7 of Annexure-C
Within the limits of the maximum Irrigated Cropped Areas
specified against items (b) and (c) in Paragraph 5, the
development of these areas by withdrawals from river flow
(as distinct from withdrawals from General Storage cum
river flow in accordance with Paragraph 6 (b)) shall be
regulated as follows:-
(a) Until India can release water from Conservation
Storage (as defined in Annexure E) in accordance with
sub-paragraphs (b) and (c) below, the new area developed
shall not exceed the following:-
Contd…..
Paragraph 7 of Annexure-C
(i) From The Jhelum: 150,000 acres
(ii) From The Chenab: 25,000 acres during the TransitionPeriod and 50,000 acres after the end ofthe Transition Period.
PARAGRAPH 8 OF ANNEXURE D
11
Except as provided in Paragraph 18, the design of any new Run-of-River Plant (hereinafter in
this Part referred to as a Plant) shall conform to the following criteria:-
(a) The works themselves shall not be capable of raising artificially the water level
in the Operating Pool above the Full Pondage Level specified in the design.
(b) The design of the works shall take due account of the requirements of Surcharge
Storage and of Secondary Power.
(c) The maximum Pondage in the Operating Pool shall not exceed twice the
Pondage required for Firm Power.
(d) There shall be no outlets below the Dead Storage Level, unless necessary for
sediment control or any other technical purpose; any such outlet shall be of the
minimum size, and located at the highest level, consistent with sound and
economical design and with satisfactory operation of the works.
PARAGRAPH 8 OF ANNEXURE D (CONT….)
12
(e) If the conditions at the site of a Plant make a gated spillway necessary, the
bottom level of the gates in normal closed position shall be located at the highest
level consistent with sound and economical design and satisfactory construction and
operation of the works.
(f) The intakes for the turbines shall be located at the highest level consistent with
satisfactory and economical construction and operation of the Plant as a Run-of-
River Plant and with customary and accepted practice of design for the designated
range of the Plant’s operation.
(g) If any Plant is constructed on the Chenab Main at a site below Kotru (Longitude
74o – 59’ East and Latitude 33o – 09’ North), a Regulating Basin shall be
incorporated.
HISTORY OF DISPUTES WITH INDIA UNDER THE TREATY
13
Sr. No. Project Name
Pakistan’s Objections
Spillway TypeFreeboard Pondage
Spillway Crest
Elevation
Intake Crest
Elevation
1 Ratle ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Surface gated + orifice
gated
2 Kishenganga ✓ ✓ ✓ Orifice gated
3 Baglihar ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓Surface gated + orifice
gated
4 Salal ✓ Surface gated
8 Nimo Bazgoo ✓ ✓ ✓ Orifice gated
9 Lower Kalnai ✓ ✓ ✓ Surface gated
10 Miyar ✓ ✓ ✓ Orifice gated
11 Pakaldul ✓ ✓ ✓Surface gated + orifice
gated
12 Dulhasti
Inflows of Western Rivers at Rim Stations in Pakistan
Sr. No. River Stations
Annual Volume (MAF)
Pre-Treaty
(1922-1960)
Post-Treaty
(1960-2013)
1 Indus at Kalabagh 91.05 88.27
2 Jhelum at Mangla 23.16 22.21
3 Chenab at Marala 25.52 25.38
Total 139.73 135.85
15
INDIA’S DESIGN OF RATLE DAM
16
PAKISTAN’S PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE I
17
COMPARISON OF INDIA’S DESIGNED AND PAKISTAN’S PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE I
18
Dam Configuration Units India's DesignPakistan's Proposed
Alternative IDifference
Description (m3/s)
Surface & orifice
spillway, submerged
intake
Surface & orifice
spillway, surface intake-
Full Pondage Level (FPL) (m) 1,029.00 1,029.00
Dead Storage Level (DSL) (m) 1,015.86 1,024.70 8.84
Pondage (Mm3) 23.84 8.10 294%
Crest Level of deepest spillway (m) 985.00 1,003.54 18.54
Intake Sill Level (m) 1,000.00 1,018.54 18.54
Concrete Quantity (m3) 991,500 852,800 -14%
PAKISTAN’S PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE II
19
COMPARISON OF INDIA’S DESIGNED AND PAKISTAN’S PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE II
20
Dam Configuration Units India's DesignPakistan's Proposed
Alternative IIDifference
Description (m3/s)
Surface & orifice
spillway, submerged
intake
Surface spillway,
surface intake-
Full Pondage Level (FPL) (m) 1,029.00 1,029.00
Dead Storage Level (DSL) (m) 1,015.86 1,024.70 8.84
Pondage (Mm3) 23.84 8.10 294%
Crest Level of deepest spillway (m) 985.00 1,008.00 23.00
Intake Sill Level (m) 1,000.00 1,021.55 21.55
Concrete Quantity (m3) 991,500 766,457 -23%
PAKISTAN’S PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE III
21
COMPARISON OF INDIA’S DESIGNED AND PAKISTAN’S PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE III
22
Dam Configuration Units India's DesignPakistan's Proposed
Alternative IIIDifference
Description (m3/s)
Surface & orifice
spillway, submerged
intake
Surface spillway,
surface intake-
Full Pondage Level (FPL) (m) 1,029.00 1,029.00
Dead Storage Level (DSL) (m) 1,015.86 1,024.70 8.84
Pondage (Mm3) 23.84 8.10 294%
Crest Level of deepest spillway (m) 985.00 1,006.00 21.00
Intake Sill Level (m) 1,000.00 1,021.55 21.55
Concrete Quantity (m3) 991,500 827,800 -17%
23
INDIA’S DESIGN OF KISHENGANGA DAM
24
PAKISTAN’S PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE I
25
Cut in CFRD
FPL 2385.00HFL 2388.70
DSL 2384.40
COMPARISON OF INDIA’S DESIGNED AND PAKISTAN’S PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE I
26
Dam Configuration Units India's DesignPakistan's Proposed
Alternative IDifference
Description (m3/s)Orifice spillway,
submerged intake
Orifice spillway,
submerged intake-
Highest Flood Level (HFL) (m) 2,393.70 2,388.70 -5.00
Full Pondage Level (FPL) (m) 2,390.00 2,385.00 -5.00
Dead Storage Level (DSL) (m) 2,384.50 2,384.40 -0.10
Pondage (Mm3) 7.55 1.00 -87%
Crest Level of deepest spillway (m) 2,370.00 2,370.00 0.00
Intake Sill Level (m) 2,378.80 2,378.80 0.00
Concrete Quantity (m3) 44,800 44,800 0%
FOS (value greater than 1.00 is
categorized as safe)- 2.15 2.15 Safe
PAKISTAN’S PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE III
27
COMPARISON OF INDIA’S DESIGNED AND PAKISTAN’S PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE III
28
Dam Configuration Units India's DesignPakistan's Proposed
Alternative IIIDifference
Description (m3/s)Orifice spillway,
submerged intake
ungated spillway,
surface intake-
Highest Flood Level (HFL) (m) 2,393.70 2,393.70 0.00
Full Pondage Level (FPL) (m) 2,390.00 2,384.55 -5.45
Dead Storage Level (DSL) (m) 2,384.50 2,384.10 -0.40
Pondage (Mm3) 7.55 1.00 -87%
Crest Level of deepest outlet (m) 2,370.00 2,375.74 5.74
Intake Sill Level (m) 2,378.80 2,381.74 2.94
Concrete Quantity (m3) 44,800 36,800 -18%
FOS (value greater than 1.00 is
categorized as safe)- 2.15 3.16 Safe
29
INDUS AT KALABAGH
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1401
92
2-2
3
19
24
-25
19
26
-27
19
28
-29
19
30
-31
19
32
-33
19
34
-35
19
36
-37
19
38
-39
19
40
-41
19
42
-43
19
44
-45
19
46
-47
19
48
-49
19
50
-51
19
52
-53
19
54
-55
19
56
-57
19
58
-59
19
60
-61
19
62
-63
19
64
-65
19
66
-67
19
68
-69
19
70
-71
19
72
-73
19
74
-75
19
76
-77
19
78
-79
19
80
-81
19
82
-83
19
84
-85
19
86
-87
19
88
-89
19
90
-91
19
92
-93
19
94
-95
19
96
-97
19
98
-99
20
00
-01
20
02
-03
20
04
-05
20
06
-07
20
08
-09
20
10
-11
20
12
-13
An
nu
al
Infl
ow
Vo
lum
e (
MA
F)
Pre-Treaty Post-Treaty
Tarbela Dam
102.60
91.0
579.4
5
100.3
88.2
76.1
JHELUM AT MANGLA
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
401
92
2-2
3
19
24
-25
19
26
-27
19
28
-29
19
30
-31
19
32
-33
19
34
-35
19
36
-37
19
38
-39
19
40
-41
19
42
-43
19
44
-45
19
46
-47
19
48
-49
19
50
-51
19
52
-53
19
54
-55
19
56
-57
19
58
-59
19
60
-61
19
62
-63
19
64
-65
19
66
-67
19
68
-69
19
70
-71
19
72
-73
19
74
-75
19
76
-77
19
78
-79
19
80
-81
19
82
-83
19
84
-85
19
86
-87
19
88
-89
19
90
-91
19
92
-93
19
94
-95
19
96
-97
19
98
-99
20
00
-01
20
02
-03
20
04
-05
20
06
-07
20
08
-09
20
10
-11
20
12
-13
An
nu
al
Infl
ow
Vo
lum
e (
MA
F)
Pre-Treaty Post-Treaty
Mangla Dam
27.2
0
23.1
6
19.1
26.8
1
22.2
1
17.6
0
CHENAB AT MARALA
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
401
92
2-2
3
19
24
-25
19
26
-27
19
28
-29
19
30
-31
19
32
-33
19
34
-35
19
36
-37
19
38
-39
19
40
-41
19
42
-43
19
44
-45
19
46
-47
19
48
-49
19
50
-51
19
52
-53
19
54
-55
19
56
-57
19
58
-59
19
60
-61
19
62
-63
19
64
-65
19
66
-67
19
68
-69
19
70
-71
19
72
-73
19
74
-75
19
76
-77
19
78
-79
19
80
-81
19
82
-83
19
84
-85
19
86
-87
19
88
-89
19
90
-91
19
92
-93
19
94
-95
19
96
-97
19
98
-99
20
00
-01
20
02
-03
20
04
-05
20
06
-07
20
08
-09
20
10
-11
20
12
-13
An
nu
al
Infl
ow
Vo
lum
e (
MA
F)
Pre-Treaty Post-Treaty
Marala Barrage
29.8
8
25.52
21.1
29.4
4
25.3
8
21.3
2
DESIGN AND OPERATIONAL PROVISIONS FOR STORAGE WORKS ON THE WESTERN RIVERS
Annexure C, Paragraph 8
The releases from conservation storage, as specified in Paragraph 7(b)
and 7(c), shall be made in accordance with the schedule to be
determined by the Commission which shall keep in view first, the
effect, on Agriculture Use by Pakistan consequent on the reduction in
supplies available to Pakistan as a result of withdrawals made by India
under the provisions of Paragraph 7 and, then, the requirements, if any,
of hydroelectric power to be developed by India from these releases. In
the absence of agreement between the Commissioners, the matter
may be referred under the provisions of Article IX (2)(a) for a decision
to a Neutral Expert.
ANNUAL WITHDRAWALS BY ALL PROVINCES
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Yea
rs
194
0-4
1
194
2-4
3
194
4-4
5
194
6-4
7
194
8-4
9
1950
-51
1952
-53
1954
-55
1956
-57
1958
-59
196
0-6
1
196
2-6
3
196
4-6
5
196
6-6
7
196
8-6
9
1970
-71
1972
-73
1974
-75
1976
-77
1978
-79
198
0-8
1
198
2-8
3
198
4-8
5
198
6-8
7
198
8-8
9
199
0-9
1
199
2-9
3
199
4-9
5
199
6-9
7
199
8-9
9
20
00
-01
20
02
-03
20
04
-05
20
06
-07
20
08
-09
20
10-1
1
Annual Punjab
Annual Sindh
Annual Baluchistan
Annual KPK
Indus River at Kalabagh
Jhelum River at Mangla
Chenab River at Marala