MAGLEV AND LEVITATION TRAIN

BY- INDRA KUMAR PAL

INTRDUCTIONMAGLEV= MAGNET+ LEVITATIONThe term maglev refers not only to

the vehicles but also to the railway system.

Maglev train use magnetic levitation from a very large number of magnets for lift and propulsion.

INTRODUCTION

Has the potential to be faster, quitter and smoother than wheeled mass transit system.

Japan, Germany were pioneers, USA and Australia are working on it now.

HOW IT WORKS

A maglev train floats about 10 mm above the guideway on a magnetic field.

It is propelled by the guideway itself rather than an on board engine by changing the magnetic fields.

HOW IT WORKS

Once the train is pulled into the next section the magnetism switches so that the train is pulled on again.

The electro-magnets run the length of the guideway.

MAGLEV TECHNOLOGY

There are two primary types of maglev technology:

electromagnetic suspension (EMS)electrodynamic suspension (EDS)

ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION(EMS)

In current EMS system ,the train levitation above a steel rail while electromagnets attached to the train are oriented toward the rail from below.

The electromagnets use feedback control to maintain the train at a constant distance from the track.

ELECTRODYNAMIC SUSPENSION

In electrodynamic suspension both the rail and the train exert a magnetic field and the train is levitated by repulsive force between these magnetic fields.

The repulsive force in the track is created by an induced magnetic field wires or other conducting strip in the track.

ELECTRODYNAMIC SUSPENSION

At slow speed the current induced in these coils and resultant magnetic flux in not large enough to support weight of the train.

For the reason the train must have wheel or some other form of landing gear.

ELECTRODYNAMIC SUSPENSION

Propulsion coils on the guide way are used to exert a force on the magnets in the train and make the train move forward.

The propulsion coils that exert a force on the train are effectively a linear motor.

And alternating current flowing through the coils generates a continuously varying magnetic field that moves forward along the track.

DID YOU KNOW ?

Maglev train can attain speed of 300mph easily (the speed of jet aircraft)

The JAPANESE MAGLEV last records was of 581km/h

The SHANGHAI Maglev train can speed up to 431km/h or 267mph.

The first commercial maglev was opened in 1984 in Birmingham , England covering some 600 meters between airport and rail hub.

Advantages of Maglev • A Maglev is way faster than your usual bullet train.

Maglevs can reach speeds up to 500 kilo meters per hour.

• Due to its lack of wheels, Maglevs are quieter than normal trains, or sometimes even traffic.

• Maglevs use 30% less energy than normal trains. • In theory, a Maglev and its track would require very little

maintenance since the train never touches the track there is virtually no wear and tear.

Disadvantages of Maglev• The Maglev's track is much more expensive than

railroad tracks. • Whole new sets of tracks would have to be built

for the Maglev to run. Many Transportation vehicles in Europe run on existing track, like the TGV trains in France.

• Although Maglevs are pretty quiet, noise caused by air disturbance still occurs.