MAGLEV TRAIN Train that floats in the air…..

BY Mohammad Mokhim 160411735099

INTRODUCTION:

Maglev=Magnetic + Levitation

Maglev runs on the principle of magnetic

levitation.

Maglev is noiseless ,friction less , and require no

maintenance.

Maglev is the best alternative for means of

transport.

MAGNETIC LEVIATION

MagLev Technology;

-levitates objects in air

- electromagnetic propulsion

- caused by electro magnets

BASIC PRINCIPLE OF MAGLEV TRAINS

1.Leviation

2.Propulsion

3.Lateral Guidance

TYPES OF MAGLEV TRAINSBased on the technique used for Leviation the are

two types of Maglev trains

1. Electromagnetic Suspension -Attractive

2. Electrodynamic Suspension -repulsive

ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION(EMS)

Electromagnetic Suspension uses electromagnets to leviate the train

PRINCIPLE OF MAGNETIC LEVIATION

o Electromagnets attached to the train.

o Has guidance magnets on the sides.

o A computer changes the amount of current to

keep the train 1 cm from the track.

o Max speed -438km/hr

o Has on-board battery power

supply.

PRINCIPLE OF PROPULSION

The principle of electromagnetic propulsion is :

“opposite poles attract each other and like poles

repel each other”

Major components of this propulsion system.

They are:

A large electrical power source

Metal coils that line the entire guideway

Guidance magnets used for alignment

.

WORKING: Stators of the Maglev system are usually in the

guiderails. Rotors are located within the electromagnetic

system on the train. The alternating current allows a pull from the

magnetic field in front of the train, and a push from the magnetic field behind the train

Train reaches maximum velocitiy of 300 miles per hour.

ELECTRODYNAMIC SUSPENSION

Electrodynamic Suspension uses Superconductors for leviation,propulsion and lateral guidance

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY Superconductivity occurs in certain materials at

very low temperatures. When superconductive, a material has an

electrical resistance of exactly zero. It is also characterized by a phenomenon called

the Miessner effect.

PRINCIPLE OF MAGNET LEVITATION

o The superconducting magnets by figure eight

levitation coils on the side of the track induces a

current in the coils and creates a magnetic field.

o The repulsive forces between the magnets and

coils lift the train, on average, about 4 to 6 inches

above the track.

o The propulsion coils located on the sidewalls on both sides of the guideway are energized by a three-phase alternating current.

oThe on-board superconducting magnets are attracted and pushed by the shifting field, propelling the Maglev vehicle.

oBraking is accomplished by sending an alternating current in the reverse direction.

PRINCIPLE OF PROPULSION

MERITS AND DEMERITSTECHNOLOGY

MERITS DEMERITS

EMS •Magnetic fields inside & outside the vehicle are less than EDS.•No wheels or secondary propulsion required•Can attain very high speed.(500km/hr).

•Constant monitoring correction of separation between vehicle & guideway using computer systems essential.•Due to inherent instability and corrections ,vibration issues may occur.

EDS •Onboard magnets and large separation enable highest recorded speeds(581km/hr) and heavy load capacity.•Naturally stable and hence no feedback control required.

•Strong magnetic field makes the train inaccessible to passengers with pacemakers or storage media like hard drives and credit cards.•Vehicle must be wheeled for low speed travel.

ADVANTAGES OF MAGNETIC LEVITATED TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM

A Maglev is way faster than your usual bullet

train. Maglevs can reach speeds up to 500

kilometres per hour. (Mumbai-Delhi in 2-3 hrs)

Due to its lack of wheels, MagLevs are quieter

than normal trains, or sometimes even traffic.

Maglevs use 30% less energy than normal trains.

In theory, a Maglev and its track would require

very little maintenance since the train never

touches the track there is virtually no wear and

tear.

OTHER APPLICATIONS NASA plans to use magnetic levitation for

launching of space vehicles into low earth orbit.

Boeing is pursuing research in MagLev to provide a Hypersonic Ground Test Facility for the Air Force.

The mining industry will also benefit from MagLev.

There are probably many more undiscovered applications!

DISADVANTAGES:

The Maglev's track is much more expensive than

railroad tracks.

Whole new sets of tracks would have to be built

for the Maglev to run. Many Transportation

vehicles in Europe run on existing track, like the

TGV trains in France.

Although Maglevs are pretty quiet, noise caused

by air disturbance still occurs.

MAGLEV VS CONVENTIONAL TRAINS

MagLev Trains Conventional Trains

No Friction = Less Maintenance

Routine Maintenance Needed

No Engine = No fuel required

Engine requires fossil fuels

Speeds in excess of300 mph

Speeds up to 110 mph

CONCLUSION The MagLev Train: Research on this ‘dream

train' has been going on for the last 30 odd years

in various parts of the world.

The chief advantages of this type of train are:

Non-contact and non-wearing propulsion,

independent of friction, no mechanical

components like wheel, axle.

Maintenance cost is less.

A country like India could benefit very much if

this were implemented here.