By : Camila Davis

*Libro de Gramática

*Tabla de Contenidos

* 1 . Que vs. Cual

* 2 . Ser - Doctor Ped

* 3 . Estar – Helping

* 4 . Gustar

* 5 . Transitions

* 6 . Imperfect

* 7 . Triggers

* 8 . Acabar de + Infinitive

* 9 . Hace Expressions

* 10 . Hace + time + que + verb phrase

* 11 . Verbs like Gustar

* 12 . Reflexivos

* 13 . Tu Commands

* 14 . DOP Placement

* 15 . Preterite

*Que vs. Cual

*General Rule

*Qué: what

*Cuál: which

*Que is used when asking for definitions or before nouns

*Cual is used for more specific things such as a choice from a group

*SER

*D: Description

*O: Occupation

*C: Charecteristics

*T: Time

*O: Origins

*R: Relationships

*P: Possession

*E: Events

*D: Dates

SER is used to describe more PERMANENT

situations

*ESTAR

Health

Emotions

Location (en)

Present Condition

I

N

G

Present Tense:

AR -ando

ER/IR -iendo -yendo

*Gustar*Use Before:

*a singular/plural sustantivo

*an Infinitive

*When using “No”

*put before direct object pronouns

Me Gusta(n) Nos Gusta(n)

Te Gusta(n) Os Gusta(n)

Le Gusta(n) Les Gusta(n)

*Transitions

*Tambien

*Ahora

*Primero

*Ni-ni

*Despues

*Por eso

*Asi que

*Y

*entonces

*Imperfect

Aba Abamos

Abas Abais

Aba Aban

ARía íamo

s

ías íais

ía ían

ER/IR

*Triggers

*Todos los dias

*A menudo

*A veces

*Siempre

*Cada dia

*Los lunes

*Generalmente

*Mientras

*De vez en cuando

*Muchas veces

*Frecuentemente

USES:

Ongoing action(was/were)

repeated action(used to)

no definite beginning

time/date/age/feelings/ descriptions

Interrupted activity(cuando)

*Acabar de + Infinitive

*To have just finished

Acabo de Acabamos de

Acabas de

Acaba de Acaban de

*Hace Expressions

*Hace + Time + Que + Conjugated Verb

~How much time you spent doing something

* Present Tense

Since & For

* Past Tense

Ago

*Reflexives

*Reflexive Verbs are verbs to signify an action being done to the person performing the action.

*Examples:

Me Afeito Nos Afeitamos

Te Afeitas Os Afeitais

Se Afeita Se Afeitan

Afeitarse

*Tu Commands

*Affirmative:

*Regular*Drop the “s”

*Irregular

¡ Caminalo !

¡ Hazlo !

Infinitive

irregular

Decir Di

Hacer Haz

Ir Ve

Poner Pon

Salir Sal

Ser Se

Tener Ten

Vener Ven

*Tu Commands

*Negative:

• Regular:

• Turn verb to 1st person, - “o”, + “a/e s” (opp. Orig. )

• Example:• Comer

• Comas

• Irregular:

• No Digas• No Hagas• No Vayas• No Pongas• No Salgas• No Seas• No Tengas• No Vengas

*DOP

Place

ment

*Can be …*Placed in front of conjugated verb*Ex. – Me estoy bañando

*Attached to a(n)…*Progressive

*¡Comiéndolo!

*Infinitive

*Voy a comerlo.

*AFFIRMATIVE command

*¡Cómelo!

*Preterite

*Past tense

*“Snapshot in time”

*Beginning &/or end

*Completed action

AR ER/IR

Yo é í

Tu aste iste

Usted ó ió

Nosotros amos imos

Ustedes aron ieron