JSC History Week 5 Session 1Hideyoshi’s Invasion of Korea

Doyoung ParkOsaka Gakuin University

Last Session Review

Local identity and local heroes Three big heroes

Oda Nobunaga Toyotomi Hideyoshi Tokugawa Ieyasu

Today’s Topic

1592Hideyoshi’s Invasion

Hideyoshi’s Invasion Invasion of Korea, 1592 Lasted 7 years Japan, Korea and China involved Affected the East Asian world What was the reason? What was the impact?

Factor1: Hideyoshi’s Ambition

Hideyoshi’s fan

Factor1: Hideyoshi’s Ambition

1585, Ambition to conquer Korea and China 1587, Plan to invade Korea 1591, Hideyoshi’s ambassador to Korea

Borrowing the way to China

Hideyoshi Provoked Korea

Korea’s Ignorance

Two ambassadors to Japan Hwang Yun-kil : Hideyoshi will invade Korea Kim Seong-il: Hideyoshi will not

The government accepted Kim’s opinion Ignored Japan’s movement Looked down Japan’s power

Looked as pirates

April 14 1592 The war broke out 210,000 Japanese sold

ers landed

Fast Advance of Japanese Army

Only 20 days from Busan to Seoul, (430km)

Weak Korean Military Force

Long peaceful days – inexperienced solders Total: 145,620

Elite unit: 23,620 Support Unit 15,700 Battle Unit: 7,920

7,920 VS 210,000

Experienced and Trained Japanese military force

Experienced the Civil War for 106 years Military camp society

New Weapons

Korean Cavaliers

Japanese Musketeers

Hideyoshi’s Strategy

Do not exploit the people

Do not burn buildings down

Do not plunder Plan to utilize

Korea as the outpost for the invasion of China

General did not follow these order well

Chinese Reinforcement Sep. 1592

58,500 solders

Civilian Volunteers

Korean navy’s victory

Commodore, Lee Sun-shin Japan lost 59 ships and 9,000 solders

Cutting the Japanese supply routes

Cease Fire and Reinvasion

China, Korea, Japan, 1593 Rupture of the negotiation 1597 Japan reinvaded Korea with

140,000

Japanese Navy’s Counter Attack

Korea lost 20,000 solders, only 12 ships survived

Change of Hideyoshi’s Polocies

From “utilizing Korean peasants” to “scorched earth”

Plan to occupy Korea as new lands for the daimyo awards

Suppress the complains from daimyo

Motivation of war business Plundering allowed

War went more cruel

Namwon Battle 5000 Korean, Chinese solder and civilians 56,000 Japanese army attacked All people were killed and Japanese solders cut

heads and noses from the bodies Number of heads and noses were the criteria of

award

Lee Sun-shin Returns

31 VS 333 Situation of the war changed

Lee Sun-shin, the National Hero

Kwanghwamun Square

The Last of the War, Ulsan Battle

The End of the War

Death of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, 1598 Retreat of the Japanese force

Aftermath of the War

Korea 70,000/97,600, 72% of solders were killed 3 million civilians were killed, 25% of the total population

Social status system collapsed 70% of agricultural fields were destroyed Industries collapsed

Aftermath of the War

Ming dynasty, China Political problems and weak military Destroyed by Manchurian, Ching

Aftermath of the War

Japan Change of feudal lords power dynamics

Weakened powerful feudal lords Hideyoshi’s political calculation

Rise of Tokugawa Ieyasu Rapid development of industry

Kidnapped Korean artisans Woodblock printing technology Pottery

Shimazu Yoshihiro Feudal lord of Satsuma

prefecture (Kakoshima) Kidnapped Korean artis

ans

Satsuma-yaki 薩摩焼