inspection and test procedures

8/10/2019 Inspection and Test Procedures

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Note:

Inspection and Testing should be done with the utmost regard for safety not only ofthe testing and inspection personnel but of the tested materials and equipment.

In the minimum, safety shall follow the guidelines of the following references:

1. Occupation Safety and Health Act2. Applicable Local Ordinance3. Owners safety practice if available

I TESTING:

All tests shall be performed with the apparatus under test de-energized except incases where the test requires otherwise.

The testing shall be witnessed by the Owners Safety Representative.

All test equipment shall be in good mechanical and electrical condition.

All test equipment must be properly calibrated within the rated accuracy.

All accuracy test made on the calibrating and test instruments must be directlytraceable to the applicable Philippine Testing Agency or National Institute ofStandards and Technology (NIST)

Instruments shall be calibrated in accordance with the following frequency schedule.

a. Field Instruments: Analog, 6months max; Digital, 12 months maxb. Laboratory instruments : 12 monthsc. Leased equipment: 12 months where accuracy is guaranteed by Lessor.

Dated Calibration labels must be visible on all test equipment.

Calibrating records and result of the calibration on the test instrument must be keptup to date.


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Test Report

The test report shall include the following:1. Summary of project.2. Description of equipment tested.3. Description of test.4. Test data.5. Analysis and recommendations.

Test data records shall include the following minimum requirements:

1. Identification of the testing organization.2. Equipment identification (brand, model, serial nos., etc.)3. Humidity, temperature, and other atmospheric conditions that may

affect the results of the tests/calibrations.4. Date of inspections, tests, maintenance, and/or calibrations.5. Identification/signature of the testing technician.6. Indication of inspections, tests, maintenance, and/or calibrations to

be performed and recorded.7. Indication of expected results when calibrations are to be performed.8. Indication of as - found and as - left results.9. Sufficient spaces to allow all results and comments to be indicated.

The testing firm shall furnish a duly signed copy/ies of the complete reportto the owner/representative.

II Inspection and Test Procedures:

Switchgear and Switchboard Assemblies:

A. Visual and Mechanical inspection:

1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Verify appropriate anchorage, required area clearances, physical damage,

and correct alignment.4. Inspect all doors, panels, and sections for corrosion, dents,

scratches, fit, and missing hardware.5. Verify that fuse and/or circuit breaker sizes and types correspond to

drawings and coordination study as well as to the circuit breakersaddress for microprocessor-communication packages.

6. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one


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of the following methods:a. Use of low-resistance ohmmeter in accordance with Electrical Tests.b. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by

calibrated torque- wrench method in accordance with manufacturerspublished data or Table 1.

7. Verify that current and potential transformer ratios correspond todrawings.

8. Compare equipment nameplate data with latest one-line diagramwhen available.

9. Confirm correct operation and sequencing of electrical and mechanicalinterlock systems.

a. Attempt closure on locked-open devices. Attempt to open locked-closed devices.

b. Make key exchange with devices operated in off-normal positions.10. Thoroughly clean switchgear prior to testing.11. Lubrication

a. Verify appropriate contact lubricant on moving current carrying parts.b. Verify appropriate lubrication on moving and sliding surfaces.

12. Inspect insulators for evidence of physical damage or contaminatedsurfaces.

13. Verify correct barrier and shutter installation and operation.14. Exercise all active components.15. Inspect all mechanical indicating devices for correct operation.16. Verify that filters are in place and/or vents are clear.17. Perform visual and mechanical inspection on all instrument

Transformers . (provide guides in visual checking. What to look for). 18. Inspect control power transformers.

a. Inspect physical damage, cracked insulation, broken leads,tightness of connections, defective wiring, and overall generalcondition.

b. Verify that primary and secondary fuse ratings or circuit breakersmatch drawings.

c. Verify correct functioning of drawout disconnecting and groundingcontacts and interlocks

B. Electrical Tests

1. Perform tests on all instrument transformers.2. Perform ground-resistance tests.3. Perform resistance tests through all bus joints with a low-resistance

ohmmeter, if applicable.4. Perform insulation-resistance tests on each bus section, phase-to phase and


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phase-to-ground, for one minute in accordance with Table 2.5. Perform an over potential test on each bus section, each phase to ground

with phases not under test grounded, in accordance with manufacturerspublished data. If manufacturer has no recommendation for this test, it shallbe in accordance with Table 3. The test voltage shall be applied for oneminute.

6. Perform insulation-resistance tests at 1000 volts dc on all control wiring. Forunits with solid-state components, follow manufacturers recommendations.

7. Perform control wiring performance test.8. Perform current injection tests on the entire current circuit in each section of

switchgear.a. Perform current tests by primary injection, where possible, with

magnitudes such that a minimum of 1.0 ampere flows in thesecondary circuit.

b. Where primary injection is impractical, utilize secondary injection witha minimum current of 1.0 ampere.

c. Test current at each device.9. Determine accuracy of all meters and calibrate watthour meters. Verify

multipliers.10. Perform phasing check on double-ended switchgear to insure correct

bus phasing from each source.11. Control Power Transformers

a. Perform insulation-resistance tests. Perform measurementsfrom winding-to-winding and each winding-to-ground. Testvoltages shall be in accordance with Table 2 unlessotherwise specified by manufacturer.

b. Perform secondary wiring integritytest. Disconnecttransformer at secondary terminals and connect secondarywiring to correct secondary voltage. Confirm potential at all devices.

c. Verify correct secondary voltage by energizing primarywinding with system voltage. Measure secondary voltage withthe secondary wiring disconnected.

D. Verify correct function of control transfer relays located inswitchgear with multiple power sources.

12. Voltage Transformersa. Perform insulation-resistance tests. Perform measurements

from winding-to-winding and each winding-to-ground. Testvoltages shall be in accordance with Table 2 unlessotherwise specified by manufacturer.

b. Perform secondary wiring integrity test. Confirm correctpotential at all devices.

c. Verify secondary voltages.


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13. Verify operation of switchgear/switchboard heaters.

C. Test Values1. Compare bus connection resistances to values of similar connections.2. Bolt-torque levels shall be in accordance with Table 1 unless

otherwise specified by manufacturer.3. Microhm or millivolt drop values shall not exceed the highlevels of

the normal range as indicated in the manufacturers published data.If manufacturers data is not available, investigate any values whichdeviate from similar bus by more than 50 percent of the lowestvalue.

4. Insulation-resistance values for bus, control wiring, and controlpower transformers shall be in accordance with manufacturerspublished data. In the absence of manufacturers published data,use Table 2. Values of insulation resistance less than this table ormanufacturers minimum shall be i nvestigated. Over potential testsshould not proceed until insulation-resistance levels are raisedabove minimum values.

5. The insulation shall withstand the over potential test voltage applied

Transformers

Liquid-Filled

A. Visual and Mechanical Inspection

1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Verify removal of any shipping bracing after final placement.4. Inspect impact recorder prior to unloading, if applicable.5. Verify settings and operation of all temperature devices, if applicable.6. Verify that cooling fans and pumps operate correctly and that

fan and pump motors have correct overcurrent protection, if applicable.7. Verify operation of all alarm, control, and trip circuits from temperature and

level Indicators, pressure relief device, and fault pressure relay, if applicable.8. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance

using one of the following methods:a. Use of low-resistance ohmmeter inaccordance with Electrical Tests.b. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by



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9. Verify correct liquid level in all tanks and bushings.10. Verify that positive pressure is maintained on nitrogen blanketed

transformers.11. Perform specific inspections and mechanical tests as

recommended by manufacturer.12. Verify correct equipment grounding.13. Verify the presence of transformer surge arresters.

B. Electrical Tests

1. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.

2. Perform insulation-resistance tests, winding-to-winding and each winding-to-ground in accordance with Table 4.

3. Calculate polarization index.4. Perform turns-ratio tests at all tap positions.5. Test load tap-changer.6. Perform insulation power-factor/dissipation-factor tests on windings in

accordance with test equipment manufacturers published data.7. Perform power-factor/dissipation-factor tests or hot collar watts-loss tests on

bushings in accordance with test equipment manufacturers published data.8. Perform excitation-current tests in accordance with test equipment

manufacturers published data.9. Measure resistance of each high-voltage winding in each noload tap-changer

position. Measure resistance of each lowvoltage winding in each load tap-changer position, if applicable.

10. If core ground strap is accessible, measure core insulation resistance at 500volts dc.

11. Remove a sample of insulating liquid in accordance with ASTM D-923.

Sample shall be tested for the following:1. Dielectric breakdown voltage: ASTM D-877 and/or ASTM D-1816.2. Acid neutralization number: ANSI/ASTM D-974.3. Specific gravity: ANSI/ASTM D-1298.4. Interfacial tension: ANSI/ASTM D-971 or ANSI/ASTM D-2285.5. Color: ANSI/ASTM D-1500.6. Visual Condition: ASTM D-1524.7. Water in insulating liquids: ASTM D-1533. (Required on 25 kV or higher

voltages and on all silicone-filled units.)8. Measure dissipation factor or power factor in accordance with ASTM D-

924.12. Remove a sample of insulating liquid in accordance with ASTM D3613 and


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perform dissolved gas analysis (DGA) in accordance with ANSI/IEEE C57.104or ASTM D-3612.

13. Perform tests on all instrument transformers.

C. Test Values

1. Compare bolted connection resistance to values of similar connections.2. Bolt-torque levels should be in accordance with Table 1 unless otherwise

specified by manufacturer.3. Microhm or millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the

normal range as indicated in the manufacturers published data. Ifmanufacturers data is not available, investigate any values which deviatefrom similar connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.

4. Insulation-resistance test values at one minute should not be less than thevalues calculated in accordance with the formula in Table 4. Results shallbe temperature corrected in accordance with Table 5.

5. The polarization index shall be greater than 1.0 and shall be recorded forfuture reference.

6. Turns-ratio test results shall not deviate more than one-half percent fromeither the adjacent coils or the calculated ratio.

7. Maximum power factor of liquid-filled transformers shall be in accordance withmanufacturers published data.

Representative values are indicated in Table 6.

8. Investigate bushing power factors and capacitances that vary from nameplatevalues by more than ten percent. Investigate any bushing hot collar watts-loss results that exceed the test equipment manufacturers published data.

9. Typical excitation-current test data pattern for three-legged core transformeris two similar current readings and one lower current reading.

10. Winding-resistance test results, after factoring in temperature correction,should compare within one percent of factory obtained results exceptin instances of extremely low resistance values.

11. Consult manufacturer if core insulation is less than one megohm at 500volts dc.

12. Insulating liquid test results shall be in accordance with Table 7.13. Evaluate results of dissolved-gas analysis in accordance with ANSI/IEEE

Standard C57.104. Use results as baseline for future tests.

Cables

Low-Voltage, 600 Volt Maximum


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A Visual and Mechanical Inspection

1. Compare cable data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect exposed sections of cables for physical damage and correct

connection in accordance with single-line diagram.3. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance

using one of the following methods:a. Use of low-resistance ohmmeter.b. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by

calibrated torque-wrench method in accordance with manufacturerspublished data or Table 1.

4. Inspect compression-applied connectors for correct cable match andindentation.

5. Verify cable color coding with applicable specifications and the NationalElectrical Code.

B Electrical Tests

1. Perform insulation-resistance test on each conductor with respect to groundand adjacent conductors. Applied potential shall be 500 volts dc for 300 voltrated cable and 1000 volts dc for 600 volt rated cable. Test duration shall be oneminute.2. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.3. Perform continuity test to insure correct cable connection.

C Test Values1. Compare bolted connection resistance to values of similar connections.2. Bolt-torque levels should be in accordance with Table 1 unless otherwisespecified by the manufacturer.3. Microhm or millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of thenormal range as indicated in the manufacturers published data. Ifmanufacturers data is not available, investigate any values which deviate fromsimilar connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.4. Minimum insulation-resistance values should not be less than 50 megohms.5. Investigate deviations between adjacent phases.

Medium-Voltage, 69 kV Maximum


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A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare cable data with drawingsand specifications.2. Inspect exposed sections of cables for physical damage.3. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of thefollowing methods:

a. Use of low-resistance ohmmeter.b. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by


4. Inspect compression-applied connectors for correct cable match andindention.5. Inspect for shield grounding,cable support, and termination.6. Verify that visible cable bends meet or exceed ICEA and/or manufacturersminimum allowable bending radius.7. Inspect fireproofing in common cable areas, if specified.8. If cables are terminated through window-type current transformers, make aninspection to verify that neutral and ground conductors are correctly placed andthat shields are correctly terminated for operation of protective devices.9. Visually inspect jacket and insulation condition.10. Inspect for correct identification and arrangements.

B Electrical Tests

1. Perform a shield-continuity test on each power cable by ohmmeter method.2. Perform an insulation-resistance test utilizing a megohmmeter with a voltageoutput of at least 2500 volts. Individually test each conductor with all otherconductors and shields grounded. Test duration shall be one minute.3. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.4. Perform a dc high-potential test on all cables. Adhere to all precautionsand limits as specified in the applicable NEMA/ICEA Standard for the specificcable. Perform tests in accordance with ANSI/IEEE Standard 400. Test procedureshall be as follows, and the results for each cable test shall be recorded asspecified herein. Test voltages shall not exceed 80 percent of cablemanufacturers factory test value or the maximum test voltage in Table 8.

a. Insure that the input voltage to the test set is regulated.b. Current-sensing circuits in test equipment shall measure only the leakage

current associated with the cable under test and shall not include internalleakage of the test equipment.

c. Record wet- and dry-bulb temperatures or relative humidity andtemperature.

d. Test each section of cable individually.


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e. Individually test each conductor with all other conductors grounded.Ground all shields.

f. Terminations shall be adequately corona-suppressed by guard ring, fieldreduction sphere, or other suitable methods as necessary.

g. Insure that the maximum test voltage does not exceed the limits forterminators specified in ANSI/IEEE Standard 48, IEEE 386, ormanufacturers specifications.

h. Apply a dc high-potential test in at least five equal increments untilmaximum test voltage is reached. No increment shall exceed thevoltage rating of the cable. Record dc leakage current at each step aftera constant stabilization time consistent with system charging current.

i. Raise the conductor to the specified maximum test voltage and hold for15 minutes on shielded cable and five minutes on nonshielded cable.Record readings of leakage current at 30 seconds and one minute andat one minute intervals thereafter.

j. Reduce the conductor test potential to zero and measure residualvoltage at discrete intervals.

k. Apply grounds for a time period adequate to drain all insulation storedcharge.

l. When new cables are spliced into existing cables, the dc high-potentialtest shall be performed on the new cable prior to splicing. After testresults are approved for new cable and the splice is completed, aninsulation-resistance test and a shield-continuity test shall be performedon the length of new and existing cable including the splice. After asatisfactory insulation-resistance test, a dc high potential test shall beperformed on the cable utilizing a test voltage acceptable to owner andnot exceeding 60 percent of factory test value.

C Test Values

1. Compare bolted connection resistance to values of similar connections.2. Bolt-torque levels should be in accordance with Table 1 unless otherwise


normal range as indicated in the manufacturers published data. Ifmanufacturers data is not available, investigate any values which deviatefrom similar connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.

4. Shielding shall exhibit continuity. Investigate resistance values in excess often ohms per 1000 feet of cable.

5. Graphic plots may be made of leakage current versus step voltage at eachincrement and leakage current versus time at final test voltages.a. The step voltage slope should be reasonably linear.


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b. Capacitive and absorption current should decrease continually untilSteady state leakage is approached.

Metal-Enclosed Busways

A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect busway for physical damage and correct connection in accordance

with single-line diagram.3. Inspect for appropriate bracing, suspension, alignment, and enclosure

ground.4. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of the

following methods:a. Use of low-resistance ohmmeter.b. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated

torque- wrench method in accordance with manufacturers published dataor Table 1.

5. Confirm physical orientation inaccordance with manufacturers labels toinsure adequate cooling.

6. Examine outdoor b usway for removal of weep - hole plugs, if applicable, andthe correct installation of joint shield.

B Electrical Tests

1. Measure insulation resistance of each busway, phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground for one minute, in accordance with Table 2.

2. Perform an overpotential test on each busway, phase-to-ground with phasesnot under test grounded, in accordance with manufacturers published data.If manufacturer has no recommendation for this test, it shall be inaccordance with Table 9. Where no dc test value is shown in Table 9, acvalue shall be used. The test voltage shall be applied for one minute.

3. Perform contact-resistance test on each connection point of noninsulatedbusway. On insulated busway, measure resistance of assembled buswaysections and compare values with adjacent phases.

4. Perform phasing test on each busway tie section energized by separatesources. Tests must be performed from their permanent sources.

C Test Values


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1. Compare bolted connection resistances and bus joint resistances to values ofsimilar connections.

2. Bus bolt-torque levels should be in accordance with Table 1 unlessotherwise specified by manufacturer.

3. Microhm or millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of thenormal range as indicated in the manufacturers published data.If manufacturers data is not available, investigate any values whichdeviate from similar connections by more than 50 percent of the lowestvalue.

4. Insulation-resistance test voltages and resistance values shall be inaccordance with manufacturers published data or Table 2.Minimum resistance values are for a nominal 1000 foot busway run.Use the following formula to convert the measured resistance valueto the 1000-foot nominal value:

R1000ft = Measured Resistance x Length of Run / 1000

Converted values of insulation resistance lessthan those in Table 2 ormanufacturers minimum shall be investigated. Overpotential tests shall notproceed until insulation-resistance levels are raised above minimum values.

5. The insulation shall withstand the overpotential test voltage applied.

Switches

Low Voltage Air Switches

A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Confirm correct application of manufacturers recommended lubricants.4. Verify appropriate anchorage and required area clearances.5. Verify appropriate equipment grounding.6. Verify correct blade alignment, blade penetration, travel stops, and

mechanical operation.7. Verify that fuse sizes and types are in accordance with drawings and short-

circuit and coordination studies.8. Verify that each fuse holder has adequate mechanical support.9. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of the

following methods:


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a. Use of low-resistance ohmmeter.b. Verify tightness of accessible bolted electrical connections by calibrated


10. Test all interlocking systems for correct operation and sequencing.11. Verify correct phase barrier materials and installation.12. Inspect all indicating and control devices for correct operation.

B Electrical Tests

1. Perform insulation-resistance tests on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground with switch closed and across each open pole for one minute. Testvoltage shall be in accordance with manufacturers published data or Table2.

2. Measure contact-resistance across each switchblade and fuse holder.3. Measure fuse resistance.4. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-

resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.5. Verify heater operation (if applicable).

C Test Values1. Compare bolted connection resistance to values of similar connections.2. Bolt-torque levels should be in accordance with Table 1 unless otherwise


normal range asindicated in the manufacturers published data.Ifmanufacturers data is not available, investigate any values which deviatefrom similar connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.

4. Minimum insulation resistance shall be in accordance with manufacturerspublished data or Table 2.

5. Investigate any contact resistance values which deviate from adjacent polesor similar switches by more than 25 percent.

6. Investigate fuse-resistancevalues that deviate from each other by more than15 percent.

Medium-Voltage, Metal-Enclosed Air Switches

A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Confirm correct application of manufacturers recommended lubricants.


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4. Verify appropriate anchorage and required area clearances.5. Verify appropriate equipment grounding.6. Verify correct blade alignment, blade penetration, travel stops, and

mechanical operation.7. Verify that fuse sizes and types are in accordance with drawings and short-

circuit and coordination studies.8. Verify that expulsion-limiting devices are in place on all holders having

expulsion-type elements.9. Verify that each fuse holder has adequate mechanical support.10. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of thefollowing methods:



11. Test all interlocking systems for correct operation and sequencing.12. Verify correct phase-barriermaterials and installation.13. Compare switchblade clearances with industry standards.14. Inspect all indicating and control devices for correct operation.

B Electrical Tests1. Perform insulation-resistance tests on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-

to-ground with switch closed and across each open pole for one minute. Testvoltage shall be in accordance with manufacturers published data or Table2.

2. Perform an overpotential test on each pole with switch closed. Testeach pole-to-ground with all other poles grounded. Test voltage shall be in accordancewith manufacturers published data or Table 3.

3. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.

4. Measure contact resistance across each switchblade and fuse holder.5. Measure fuse resistance.6. Verify heater operation (if applicable).

C Test Values1. Compare bolted connection resistances to values of similar connections.2. Bolt-torque levels should be in accordance with Table 1 unless otherwise

specified by manufacturer.3. Microhm or millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of thenormal range asindicated in the manufacturers published data.If manufacturersdata is not available, investigate any values which deviate from similarconnections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.


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4. The insulation should withstand the overpotential test voltage applied.5. Minimum insulation resistance shall be in accordance with manufacturerspublished data or Table 2.6. Investigate fuse resistance values that deviate from each other by more than15 percent.

High- and Medium-Voltage, Open Air Switches

A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Confir m correct application of manufacturers recommended lubricants.4. Verify that grounding isin accordance with industry standards and projectspecifications.5. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of thefollowing methods:



6. Perform mechanical operator tests in accordanc e with manufacturers publisheddata.7. Verify correct operation and adjustment of motor operator limit-switches andmechanical interlocks, if applicable.8. Verify correct blade alignment, blade penetration, travel stops, arc interrupteroperation, and mechanical operation, if applicable.

B Electrical Tests

1. Perform insulation-resistance tests on each pole, phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground with switch closed and across each open pole for one minute. Test voltageshall be in accordance with m anufacturers published data or Table 2.2. Perform an overpotential test on each pole with switch closed. Test each pole-to-ground with all other poles grounded. Test voltage shall be in accordance withmanufacturers published data or Table 10 .3. Perform contact-resistance test across each switchblade and fuse holder.

C Test Values1. Compare bolted connection resistances to values of similar connections.2. Bolt-torque levels should be in accordance with Table 10.12 unless otherwisespecified by manufacturer.


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3. Microhm or millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normalrange asindicated in the manufacturers published data.If manufacturers data is notavailable, investigate any values which deviate from similar connections by morethan 50 percent of the lowest value.4. Insulation resistance values shall be in accordance with manufacturers data orTable 2.5. The insulation shall withstand the over potential test voltage applied.6. Contact resistance shall be determined in microhms. Investigate any valueexceeding 500 microhms or any values which deviate from adjacent poles or similarswitches by more than 25 percent.

Vacuum Switches: Medium-Voltage

A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding.4. Perform all mechanical operation and contact alignment tests on both the switchand its operating mechanism.5. Check each fuse holder for adequate support and contact.6. Verify that fuse sizes and types correspond to drawings.7. Test all electrical and mechanical interlock systems for correct operation andsequencing.8. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of thefollowing methods:


torque-wrench method in accordance with manufacturers published dataor Table 1.

9. Verify that insulating oil level is correct, if applicable.

B Electrical Tests

1. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted electrical connections with alow-resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.2. Perform a contact-resistance test.3. Verify open and close operation from control devices, if applicable.4. Perform insulation-resistance tests pole-to-pole, pole-to-ground, and across openpoles at 2500 volts minimum.5. Perform vacuum bottle integrity (overpotential) test across each vacuum bottlewith the switch in the open position in strict accordance with manufacturers


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published data. Do not exceed maximum voltage stipulated for this test. Provideadequate barriers and protection against x-radiation during this test. Do not performthis test unless the contact displacement of each interrupter is within manufacturerstolerance. (Be aware that some dc high-potential test sets are half-wave rectifiedand may produce peak voltages in exce ss of the switch manufacturersrecommended maximum.)6. Remove a sample of insulating liquid, if applicable, in accordance with ASTM D-923. Sample shall be tested in accordance with the referenced standard.

1. Dielectric breakdown voltage: ASTM D-8772. Color: ASTM D-15003. Visual condition: ASTM D-1524

7. Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring at 1000 volts dc. Forunits with solid- state components, follow manufacturers recommendations.8. Perform an overpotential test in a ccordance with manufacturers published data.C. Test Values

1. Compare bolted connection resistances to values of similar connections.2. Bolt-torque levels should be in accordance with Table 1 unless otherwise

specified by manufacturer.3. Microhm or millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal

range as indicated in the manufacturers published data. If manufacturers datais not available, investigate any values which deviate from adjacent poles orsimilar switches by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.

4. Contact displacement shall be in accordance with factory recorded data markedon the nameplate of each vacuumswitch or bottle.

5. The vacuum bottles shall withstand the overpotential voltage applied.6. Control wiring insulation resistance should be a minimum of two megohms.7. The insulation shall withstand the overpotential test voltage applied.8. Insulating liquid test results shall be in accordance with Table 7.

Insulated Case/Molded Case Low-Voltage Circuit Breakers


1. Compare nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect circuit breaker for correct mounting.3. Operate circuit breaker to insure smooth operation.4. Inspect case for cracks or other defects.5. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of the



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6. Inspect mechanism contacts and arc chutes in unsealed units.

B Electrical Tests

1. Perform a contact-resistance test.2. Perform an insulation-resistance test at 1000 volts dc from pole-to-pole and from

each pole-to-ground with breaker closed and across open contacts of each phase3. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-

resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.*4. Perform insulation resistance tests at 1000 volts dc on all control wiring. Do not

perform the test on wiring connected to solid state components.5. Perform adjustments for final settings in accordance with coordination study

supplied by owner.6. Perform long-time delay time-current characteristic tests by passing 300 percent

rated primary current through each pole separately unless series testing isrequired to defeat ground fault functions.

7. Determine short-time pickup and delay by primary current injection.8. Determine ground-fault pickup and time delay by primary current injection.9. Determine instantaneous pickup current by primary injection using run-up or

pulse method.10. Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as trip and pickup

indicators, zone interlocking, electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, andantipump function.

11. Verify the calibration of all functions of the trip unit by means of secondaryinjection.


specified by manufacturer3. Microhm or millivolt drop values shall not exceed the high levels of the normal

range asindicated in the manufacturers published data.If manufacturers data isnot available, investigate any values which deviate from similar connections bymore than 50 percent of the lowest value.

4. Circuit breaker insulation resistance should be in accordance with Table 2.5. Control wiring insulation resistance should be a minimum of two megohms.6. Trip characteristic of breakers shall fall within manufacturers publis hed time-

current characteristic tolerance band, including adjustment factors. IfManufacturers curves are not available trip times shall be equal to or less than


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the values shown in Table 10.7. Circuit breakers exceeding specified trip time at300 percent of pickup shall be tagged defective.

7. Instantaneous pickup values of molded-case circuit breakers shall be within thetolerances shown in Table 10.8.

Low Voltage Circuit Breakers

A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Confirm correct application of manufacturers recommended lubricants.4. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding. Inspect arc chutes. Inspect

moving and stationary contacts for condition, wear, and alignment.5. Verify that all maintenance devices are available for servicing and operating the

breaker.6. Verify that primary and secondary contact wipe and other dimensions vital to

satisfactory operation of the breaker are correct.7. Perform all mechanical operator and contact alignment tests on both the breaker

and its operating mechanism.8. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of the



9. Verify cell fit and element alignment.10. Verify racking mechanism.

B Electrical Tests1. Perform a contact-resistance test.2. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-

resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.3. Perform an insulation-resistance test at 1000 volts dc from pole-to-pole and from

each pole-to-ground with breaker closed and across open contacts of eachphase.

*4. Perform insulation-resistance tests at 1000 volts dc on all control wiring. Do notperform the test on wiring connected to solid state components.

5. Make adjustments for the final settings in accordance with the coordination studysupplied by owner.

6. Determine minimum pickup current by primary current injection.7. Determine long-time delay by primary current injection.8. Determine short-time pickup and delay by primary current injection.


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9. Determine ground-fault pickup and delay by primary current injection.10. Determine instantaneous pickup value by primary current injection.11. Verify the calibration of all functions of the trip unit by means of secondary

injection.12. Activate auxiliary protective devices, such as ground fault or under voltage

relays, to insure operation of shunt trip devices. Check the operation ofelectrically operated breakers in their cubicles.

13. Verify correct operation of any auxiliary features such as trip and pickupindicators, zone interlocking, electrical close and trip operation, trip-free, andanti pump function and verify trip unit battery condition.

14. Verify operation of charging mechanism.



range as indicated in the manufacturers published data.If manufacturers datais not available, investigate any values which deviate from similar connectionsby more than 50 percent of the lowest value.

4. Circuit breaker insulation resistance should be in accordance with Table 2.5. Central wiring insulation resistance should be a minimum of two megohms.6. Trip characteristics of breakers shall fall within manufacturers pub lished time-

current tolerance bands.

Vacuum Medium-Voltage Circuit Breakers

A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Confirm correct application of manufacturers recommended lubricants.4. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding.5. Perform all mechanical operational tests on both the circuit breaker and its

operating mechanism.6. Measure critical distances such as contact gap as recommended by

manufacturer.7. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of the


torque- wrench method in accordance with manufacturers published data


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or Table 1.8. Perform timing tests.9. Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings.

B Electrical Tests1. Perform a contact-resistance test.*2. Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils.3. Verify trip, close, trip-free, and antipump function.4. Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device.5. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-

resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.6. Perform insulation-resistance tests pole-to-pole, poleto-ground, and across open

poles at 2500 volts minimum7. Perform vacuum bottle integrity (overpotential) test across each vacuum bottle

with the breaker in the open position in strict accordance with manufacturersinstructions.



range asindicated in the manufacturers published data.If manufacturers data isnot available, investigate any values which deviate from similar connections bymore than 50 percent of the lowest value.

4. Circuit breaker insulation resistance should be in accordance with Table 2.5. Contact displacement shall be in accordance with factory recorded data marked

on the nameplate of each vacuum breaker or bottle.6. The interrupter shall withstand the over potential voltage applied.7. Compare circuit breaker timing values to manufacturers published data.8. Control wiring insulation resistance should be a minimum of two megohms.9. Dissipation-factor/power-factor test results shall b e compared to manufacturers

published data. In the absence of manufacturers published data the comparisonshall be made to similar breakers.

10. Dissipation-factor/power-factor and capacitance test results should be withinten percent of nameplate rating for bushings.

11. The insulation shall withstand the over potential test voltage applied.

SF6 MV Circuit Breakers (cont.)



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1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Confirm correct application of manufacturers recommended lubricants.4. Inspect anchorage and grounding.5. Inspect and verify adjustments of mechanism in accordance with manufacturers

published data.6. Inspect air compressor in accordance with manufacturers published data.7. Inspect hydraulic system in accordance with manufacturers published data .8. Test for gas leaks.9. Verify correct operation of all air and SF6gas pressure alarms and cutouts.10. Slow close/open breaker and check for binding.11. Perform time-travel analysis.12. Test SF6gas for moisture and nitrogen content.13. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of the


torque-wrench method in accordance with m anufacturers published dataor Table 1.

14. Record as-found and as-left counter operations.15. Verify operation of all heaters.

B Electrical Tests1. Perform a contact resistance test.2. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-

resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.3. Perform insulation-resistance tests pole-to-pole, pole-to-ground, and across

Open poles at 2500 volts minimum.*4. Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring at 1000 volts dc. For

units with solid- state components, follow manufacturers recommendations.*5. Perform dissipation-factor/power-factor tests on breaker and bushings.*6. Perform overpo tential test in accordance with manufacturers instructions.*7. Perform minimum pick-up voltage test on trip and close coils.8. Verify trip, close, trip-free, and antipump functions.9. Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device.

C Test Values.1. Compare bolted connection resistance to values of similar connections.2. Bolt-torque levels should be in accordance with Table 1 unless otherwise


range as indicated in the manufacturers published data.If manufacturers data


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is not available, investigate any values which deviate from similar connectionsby more than 50 percent of the lowest value.

4. Compare time-trave l data with manufacturers published data.5. Control wiring insulation resistance should be a minimum of two megohms.6. Circuit breaker insulation resistance should be in accordance with Table 2.7. Dissipation-factor/power-factor test results shall be compared to manufacturers

published data. In the absence of manufacturers published data, thecomparison shall be made to similar breakers.

8. Dissipation-factor/power-factor and capacitance test results should be within tenpercent of nameplate rating for bushings.

9. The insulation shall withstand the overpotential test voltage applied.10. Minimum pickup for trip and close coils shall conform to manufacturers

published data.

High Voltage Oil Circuit Breakers

A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Confirm correct application of manufacturers recommended lubricants.4. Inspect anchorage, alignment, and grounding.5. Verify that breather vents are clear.6. Perform all mechanical operation and contact alignment tests on both the circuitbreaker and its operating mechanism.7. If performing internal inspection:

1. Remove oil. Lower tanks or remove manhole covers as necessary.Inspect bottom of tank for broken parts and debris.

2. Inspect lift rod and toggle assemblies, contacts, interrupters,bumpers,dashpots, bushing current transformers, tank liners, andgaskets.

3. Slow-close breaker and check for binding, friction, contact alignment,penetration, and overtravel. Check that all phases make contactsimultaneously.

4. Refill tank(s) with filtered oil to correct levels.8. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of thefollowing methods:



9. Test alarms and lockouts for pneumatic and/or hydraulic operators asrecommended by the manufacturer.


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10. Perform circuit breaker time-travel analysis.11. Record as-found and as-left operation counter readings.

B Electrical Tests1. Perform a contact resistance test.2. Remove a sample of insulating liquid in accordance with ASTM D-923. Sample

shall be tested for the following:1. Dielectric breakdown voltage: ASTM D-8772. Color: ANSI/ASTM D-1500*3. Power factor: ASTM D-924*4. Interfacial tension: ANSI/ASTM D-971 or ANSI/ASTM D-22855. Visual condition: ASTM D-1524

3. Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device.4. Verify trip, close, trip-free, and antipump function.5. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-

resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.*6. Perform insulation-resistance tests pole-to-pole, poleto-ground, and acrossopen poles at 15,000 volts minimum.*7. Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring at 1000 volts dc. For

units with solid-state components, follow manufacturers recommendations.8. Perform power-factor tests on each pole with breaker open and each phase with

breaker closed. Determine tank loss index.9. Perform power-factor tests on each bushing. Use conductive straps and hot collar

procedures if bushings are not equipped with a power-factor tap.*10. Perform minimum pickup voltage tests on trip and close coils.*11. Perform an overpotentialtest in accordance with manufacturers published

data.



range as indicated in the manufacturers published data.If manufacturers data isnot available, investigate any values which deviate from similar connections bymore than 50 percent of the lowest value.

4. Compare circuit breaker travel and velocity values to manufacturers publisheddata.

5. Insulating liquid test results should be in accordance with Table 7.6. Circuit breaker insulation resistance should comply with Table 2.7. Control wiring insulation resistance should be a minimum of two megohms.8. Dissipation-factor/power-factor test results and tank loss index shall be compared


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to manufacturer s published data. In the absence of manufacturers publisheddata, the comparison shall be made to similar breakers.


10. The insulation shall withstand the overpotential test voltage applied.11. Minimum pickup for trip and close coils shall conform to manufacturers

published data.

SF6 HV Circuit Breakers

A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Confirm correct application of manufacturers recommended lubricants.4. Inspect anchorage and grounding.5. Inspect and verify adjustments of mechanism in accordance with manufacturers

published data.6. Inspect air compressor in accordance with manufacturers published data.7. Inspect hydraulic system in accordance with manufacturers published data.8. Test for gas leaks.9. Verify correct operation of all air and SF6gas pressure alarms and cutouts.10. Slow close/open breaker and check for binding.11. Perform time-travel analysis.12. Test SF6gas for moisture and nitrogen content.13. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of the



14. Record as-found and as-left counter operations.15. Check spring charging motor starts counter and compare with operations

counter, if applicable.16. Verify operation of all heaters.

B Electrical Tests1. Perform a contact resistance test.2. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-

resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.3. Perform insulation-resistance tests pole-to-pole, poleto-ground, and across open

poles at 15,000 volts minimum.


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*4. Perform insulation-resistance tests on all control wiring at 1000 volts dc. Forunits with solid- state components, follow manufacturers recommendations.

*5. Perform dissipation-factor/power-factor tests on breaker and bushings.*6. Perform overpotential test in accordance with manufacturers instructions.*7. Perform minimum pick-up voltage test on trip and close coils.8. Verify trip, close, trip-free, and antipump functions.9. Trip circuit breaker by operation of each protective device.

C Test Values.1. Compare bolted connection resistance to values of similar connections.2. Bolt-torque levels should be in accordance with Table 1 unless otherwise


range as indicated in the manufacturers published data.If manufacturers datais not available, investigate any values which deviate from similar connectionsby more than 50 percent of the lowest value.

4. Compare time- travel data with manufacturers published data.5. Control wiring insulation resistance should be a minimum of two megohms.6. Circuit breaker insulation resistance should be in accordance with Table 2.7. Dissipation-factor/power- factor test results shall be compared to manufacturers

published data. In the absence of manufacturers published data, thecomparison shall be made to similar breakers.


9. The insulation shall withstand the overpotential test voltage applied10. Minimum pickup for trip and close coils shall conform to manufacturers

published data.

Protective Relays (where applicable)

A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect relays and cases for physical damage. Remove shipping restraint

material.3. Tighten case connections. Inspect cover for correct gasket seal. Clean cover

glass. Inspect shorting hardware, connection paddles, and/or knife switches.Remove any foreign material from the case. Verify target reset.

4. Inspect relay for foreign material, particularly in disk slots of the damping andelectromagnets. Verify disk clearance. Verify contact clearance and spring bias.Inspect spiral spring convolutions. Inspect disk and contacts for freedom of


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movement and correct travel. Verify tightness of mounting hardware andconnections. Burnish contacts. Inspect bearings and/or pivots.

5. Set relays in accordance with coordination study supplied by owner.

B Electrical Tests1. Perform insulation-resistance test on each circuit-to-frame. Determine from the

manuf acturers instructions the allowable procedures for this test for solid-stateand microprocessor-based relays.

2. Inspect targets and indicators.a. Determine pickup and dropout of electromechanical targets.b. Verify operation of all light-emitting diode indicators.c. Set contrast for liquid-crystal display readouts.

3. Functional Operation1. 2/62 Timing Relay

a. Determine time delay.b. Determine instantaneous contacts.

2. 21 Distance Relaya. Determine maximum reach.b. Determine maximum torque angle.c. Determine offset.*d. Plot impedance circle.

3. 24 Volts/Hertz Relaya. Determine pickup frequency at rated voltage.b. Determine pickup frequency ata second voltage level.c. Determine time delay.

4. 25 Sync Check Relaya. Determine closing zone at rated voltage.b. Determine maximum voltage differential that permits closing at zero

degrees.c. Determine live line, live bus, dead line, and dead bus set points.4. Determine time delay.5. Verify dead bus/live line,dead line/live bus and dead bus/dead line

control functions.5. 27 Undervoltage Relay

a. Determine dropout voltage.b. Determine time delay.c. Determine the time delay at a second point on the timing curve for

inverse time relays.6. 32 Directional PowerRelay

a. Determine minimum pickup atmaximum torque angle.b. Determine closing zone.c. Determine maximum torque angle.


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d. Determine time delay.e. Verify the time delay at a second point on the timing curve for inverse

time relays.*f. Plot the operating characteristic.

7. 40 Loss of Field (Impedance) Relaya. Determine maximum reach.b. Determine maximum torque angle.c. Determine offset.*d. Plot impedance circle.

8. 46 Current Balance Relay1. Determine pickup of each unit.2. Determine percent slope.3. Determine time delay.

9. 46N Negative Sequence Current Relaya. Determine negative sequence alarm level and trip.b. Determine negative sequence minimum trip level.c. Determine maximum time delay.d. Verify two points on the (I2)2t curve.

10. 47 Phase Sequence or Phase Balance Voltage Relaya. Determine positive sequence voltage to close the normally open contact.b. Determine positive sequence voltage to open the normally closed contact

(undervoltage trip).c. Verify negative sequence trip.d. Determine time delay to close the normally open contact with sudden

application of 120 percent of pickup.e. Determine time delay to close the normally closed contact upon removal

of voltage when previously set to rated systemvoltage.11. 49R Thermal Replica Relay

a. Determine time delay at 300 percent of setting.b. Determine a second point on the operating curve.*c. Determine pickup.

12. 49T Temperature (RTD) Relaya. Determine trip resistance.b. Determine reset resistance.

13. 50 Instantaneous Overcurrent Relaya. Determine pickup.b. Determine dropout.*c. Determine time delay.

14. 51 Time Overcurrenta. Determine minimum pickup.b. Determine time delays at two points on the time current curve.

15. 55 Power Factor Relay


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a. Determine tripping angle.b. Determine time delay.

16. 59 Overvoltage Relaya. Determine overvoltage pickup.b. Determine time delay to close the contact with sudden application of 120

percent of pickup.17. 60 Voltage Balance Relay

a. Determine voltage difference to close the contacts with one source atrated voltage.

*b. Plot the operating curve for the relay.18. 63 Transformer Sudden Pressure Relay

a. Determine rate-of-rise or the pickup level of suddenly applied pressure inaccordance with manufacturers specifications.

b. Verify operation of the 63 FPX seal-in circuit.c. Verify trip circuit to remote breaker.

19. 64 Ground Detector Relaya. Determine maximum impedance to ground causing relay pickup.

20. 67 Directional Overcurrent Relaya. Determine directional unit minimum pickup at maximum torque angle.b. Determine closing zone.*c. Determine maximum torque angle.*d. Plot operating characteristics.e. Determine overcurrent unit pickup.f. Determine overcurrent unit time delay at two points on the time current

curve.21. 79 Reclosing Relay

a. Determine time delay for each programmed reclosing interval.b. Verify lockout for unsuccessful reclosing.c. Determine reset time.*d. Determine close pulseduration.5. Verify instantaneous overcurrent lockout.

22. 81 Frequency Relaya. Verify frequency set points.b. Determine time delay.c. Determine undervoltage cutoff.

23. 85 Pilot Wire Monitora. Determine overcurrent pickup.b. Determine undercurrent pickup.c. Determine pilot wire ground pickup level.

24. 87 Differentiala. Determine operating unit pickup.b. Determine the operation of each restraint unit.


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c. Determine slope.d. Determine harmonic restraint.e. Determine instantaneous pickup.*f. Plot operating characteristics for each restraint.

3. Control VerificationVerify that each of the relay contacts performs its intended function in the controlscheme including breaker trip tests, close inhibit tests, 86 lockout tests, and alarmfunctions.4. System TestsAfter the equipment isinitially energized, measure magnitude and phase angle of allinputs and compare to expected values.5. Test Values

1. Use manufacturers recommended tolerances when other tolerancesare not specified.

2. When critical test points are specified, the relay shall be calibrated tothose points even though other test points may be out of tolerance.

Instrument Transformers

A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Verify correct connection of transformers with system requirements.4. Verify that adequate clearances exist between primary and secondary circuit

wiring.5. Inspect all bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one of the



6. Verify that all required grounding and shorting connections provide contact.7. Verify correct operation of transformer withdrawal mechanism and grounding

operation.8. Verify correct primary and secondary fuse sizes for potential transformers.

B Electrical Tests - Current Transformers1. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-

resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.2. Perform insulation-resistance tests of the current transformer and wiring-to-


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ground at 1000 volts dc. For units with solid-state components, followm anufacturers recommendations.

3. Perform a polarity test of each current transformer.4. Perform a ratio-verification test using the voltage or current method in

accordance with ANSI C57.13.1 (IEEE Guide for Field Testing of Relaying CurrentTransformers).

5. Perform an excitation test on transformers used for relaying applications inaccordance with ANSI C57.13.1. (IEEE Guide for Field Testing of RelayingCurrent Transformers).

6. Measure current circuit burdens at transformer terminals and determine the totalburden.

7. When applicable, perform insulation-resistance and dielectric withstand tests onthe primary winding with secondary grounded. Test voltages shall be inaccordance with Tables 10.13 and 10.9 respectively.

C Electrical Tests - Voltage Transformers1. Perform resistance measurements through all bolted connections with low-

resistance ohmmeter, if applicable.2. Perform insulation-resistance tests winding-to-winding and each winding-to-

ground with test voltage in accordance with Table 4. Test voltages shall beapplied for one minute. For units with solid state components, followmanufacturers recommendations.

3. Perform a polarity test on each transformer to verify the polarity marks or H1-X1relationship as applicable.

4. Perform a turns ratio test on all tap positions, if applicable.5. Measure potential circuit burdens at transformer terminals and determine the

total burden.*6. Perform a dielectric withstand test on the primary windings with the secondary

windings connected to ground.The dielectric voltage shall be in accordance withTable 10.9.The test voltage shall be applied for one minute.

D Electrical Tests - Coupling-Capacitance Voltage Transformers1. Perform all tests from7.10.3 Voltage Transformers.2. Measure capacitance of capacitor sections.3. Measure power factor/dissipation factor in accordance with test equipment

manufacturers published data.

E Test Values1. Compare bolted connection resistance to values of similar connections.2. Bolt-torque levels should be in accordance with Table 1 unless otherwise



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range as indicated in the manufacturers published data.If manufacturers data is not available, investigate any values which deviatefrom similar connections by more than 50 percent of the lowest value.

4. Insulation-resistance measurement on any instrument transformer should be notless than that shown in Table 2.

5. Polarity results shall agree with system drawings.6. Compare measured burdens to calculated burdens supplied by owner.7. Ratio accuracies shall be in accordance with manufacturers published data.8. The insulation shall withstand the overpotential test voltage applied.9. Capacitance of capacitor sections of coupling-capacitance voltage transformers

sh all be in accordance with manufacturers published data.10. Power factor/dissipation factor shall be in accordance with test equipment

manufacturers published data.

Metering

A Visual and Mechanical Inspection1. Compare equipment nameplate data with drawings and specifications.2. Inspect physical and mechanical condition.3. Verify tightness of electrical connections.4. Inspect cover gasket, cover glass, condition of spiral spring, disk clearance,

contacts, and case-shorting contacts, as applicable.5. Verify freedom of movement, end play, and alignment of rotating disk(s).

B Electrical Tests1. Verify accuracy of meters at all cardinal points.2. Calibrate watthour meters according to manufacturers published data.3. Verify all instrument multipliers.4. Verify that current transformer and voltage transformer secondarycircuits are intact.

Tables:

Table 1 >> Table 10.12



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inspection and test procedures

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