industrial revolution 1750-1915. pre-industrial society england – divided into farming villages...
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Industrial Revolution1750-1915
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Pre-Industrial Society
• England – divided into farming villages – had to grow enough to feed itself.
• Farmers used three fields – two were divided into strips and one was used for grazing
• Disadvantages to the system – strips were separated, spread of cow diseases infected all livestock.
• Peasants had few possessions, livestock and land – worked long hours
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Village Life
• Centered around church and village courts• Parish priests was very important• Some villages had schools• Artisans – skilled laborers (blacksmith,
shoemaker, etc.)• Change was needed – 1. Population increase
2. Napoleon’s blockage of British ports
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Domestic System
Wool taken from sheep
Wool spun into thread on wheel
Cloth dyed into color
Thread weaved on loom into cloth
Cloth sold at market for high cost
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AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION
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Enclosure Movement
• Wealthy landowners fenced in common pastures and experimented with new farming techniques
• Villages lost common lands and political power – peasants became poorer
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Crop Rotation
• Fields depleted of nutrients – farmers began planting different crops to replenish nutrients
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Discoveries & Results
• Seed drill – Jethro Tull• New crops – corn and potatoes
• Results – more food available – population increase